Ukuqweqwedisa ikhamera yasekhaya ehlakaniphile, iihacks zokubeka iliso kubantwana, kunye ne-stalkerware yefowuni¶

Ukufumanisa ukuba umntu ongamaziyo uthetha nge-Wi-Fi yomntwana ebeka esweni umntwana wakho, ukubukela igumbi lakho lokuhlala ngekhamera yokhuseleko lwangaphakathi, ukukhwela ibhayisekile isitshixo socango kunye ne-thermostat ukude, okanye ukulandelela yonke imiyalezo kunye nentshukumo ye-GPS kwi-smartphone yakho nge-stalkerware efihliweyo lukhuseleko lobuqu olungxamisekileyo. Iziganeko zokucupha ekhaya kunye neselula ziwela kwiindidi ezimbini ezihlukeneyo ezifuna iimpendulo ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo: uhlaselo olungenelelayo olukude ngabaduni bangaphandle besebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo avuzayo ("ukufaka ubungqina bobuchwephesha"), kunye nokuxhatshazwa okujoliswe kuko kwethekhnoloji yiqabane langoku okanye langaphambili, umntu ohlala naye, okanye umnini-mhlaba owake waba nokufikelela ngokomzimba kwikhaya lakho okanye izixhobo.

Ukuba umntu ongamaziyo wangaphandle uqweqwedise ikhamera ekrelekrele okanye imonitha yomntwana, ukusika amandla kwisixhobo kunye nokujikeleza ilifu lakho kunye neempawu ze-Wi-Fi zimisa ukungena kwangoko. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukrokrela iqabane elinomona, iqabane langaphambili, okanye umxhaphazi wasekhaya ofakwe stalkerware ("i-spouseware") kwifowuni yakho okanye ugcina ukufikelela kumlawuli oyimfihlo kwizitshixo zekhaya lakho, iikhamera, okanye imoto eqhagamshelweyo, ukosula ngequbuliso isoftware okanye ukutshintsha amagama ayimfihlo ekwabelwana ngawo kunokulumkisa umxhaphazi ngoko nangoko kwaye kubangele ukunyuka okuyingozi kubundlobongela bomzimba. Isicwangciso sokhuseleko kwisixhobo esingajongwanga kufuneka sisoloko siza kuqala.

Yenza oku ngoku¶

1. **Khupha iikhamera eziqweqwedisiweyo zangaphakathi kunye nezijongi zomntwana kwindawo ephuma eludongeni ngokukhawuleza **: Sukuxhomekeka ekucimeni ikhamera ngaphakathi kwe-app ye-smartphone. Tsala intambo yamandla ephuma eludongeni kwaye ususe naziphi na iibhetri ezigcinayo ukuze ilensi, imakrofoni, kunye nesithethi zife ngokupheleleyo.
2. Gcina ubungqina obufutshane benkundla phambi kokuba usete kwakhona ukuba kukhuselekile ukwenza njalo: Ukusebenzisa ifowuni eyahlukileyo, thatha ifoto ekhawulezayo okanye ividiyo yekhamera edanyazayo, isikrini se- Izixhobo eziQhagamshelweyo / Imbali yokuNgena, okanye iiakhawunti ezingaqhelekanga zomlawuli, kwaye ubhale phantsi umzuzu ochanekileyo welizwi okanye isenzo esingagunyaziswanga senzeka ukuze iilogi zakho ze-router kunye neelog zomenzi zinokudityaniswa.
3. Vavanya ukuba umntu ongenelelayo ngumntu ongamaziyo okanye umntu omaziyo (Isilumkiso Sokunyuka): Ukuba iqabane langaphambili, iqabane, umntu ohlala naye, okanye umninimzi wakhe wahlala ekhaya, eyazi igama eliyimfihlo le-Wi-Fi, okanye ubambe ifowuni yakho evuliweyo, cinga ukuba baya kufumana isaziso esityhalayo ngoko nangoko xa urhoxisa ukufikelela kwabo okanye ususa i-stalkerware. Funda icandelo lokhuseleko lwasekhaya elingezantsi phambi kokuba ucime nantoni na.
4. Nxibelela kwirutha yeWi-Fi yasekhaya ukuba amaqhaga ahlakaniphile, iingcango zegaraji, okanye iithermostats ziyasetyenziswa: Khupha intambo yombane kwirutha yakho ye-Wi-Fi kunye nemodem ukuze uqhawule zonke iitshaneli zomyalelo welifu ezikude ngoko nangoko, emva koko usebenzise iibholiti zakho kunye nocango lwegaraji ngesandla usebenzisa isixhobo sokukhulula esibonakalayo de ube usete ngokutsha izixhobo.
5. Sebenzisa isixhobo esicoceke ngokupheleleyo, esingajongwanga ukutshintsha amagama ayimfihlo kwaye ufune uncedo: Ungaze uphande ngokususwa kwe-stalkerware, iindawo zokuhlala zobundlobongela basekhaya, okanye imiyalelo esemthethweni kwifowuni okanye ilaptop oyikrokrelayo ukuba ijongwe. Sebenzisa ikhompyutha yethala leencwadi, ifowuni yomhlobo omthembileyo, ideskithophu yasemsebenzini, okanye ifowuni ehlawulelwa ngexabiso eliphantsi ethengwe ngemali kwaye igcinwe kwidatha yeselula kude neWi-Fi yasekhaya.
6. **Yenza i-Phishing-resistant Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) kwaye ucofe u-"Phuma kuzo zonke izixhobo" kwi-imeyile yakho ephambili kunye ne-smart home akhawunti yelifu **: Ukusuka kwisixhobo esicocekileyo, tshintsha igama eligqithisiweyo kwiakhawunti yakho ye-imeyile ephambili kuqala, emva koko utshintshe igama lokugqitha kwiRingi yakho, iNest, Arlo, Wyze, Eufy, Apple Home, iGoogle Home, iGoogle Home, okanye i-akhawunti ekwabelwana ngayo, iAmazon kunye neakhawunti ekwabelwana ngayo. abasebenzisi basekhaya.

flowchart TD
    A["Ukuqweqwedisa kweKhamera erhanelwayo, ukuLawulwa kweKhaya eliSmart, okanye iStalkerware yeFowuni"] --> B{"Ngubani Umrhanelwa Orhanelwayo?"}
    B -- "Umntu ongaziwayo wangaphandle / iHacker enethuba" --> C["Khupha iiCamera zaNgaphakathi kunye neeMoni zaBantwana kuMandla oDonga ngoko nangoko"]
    C --> D["Ngena kwi-Smart Home App kwisixhobo esicocekileyo kunye neMbali yokuNgena kwesikrini"]
    D --> E["Seta kwakhona Igama Lokugqitha le-imeyile engundoqo + Igama lokugqithisa leLifu leKhaya eliSmart & Yenza iMFA isebenze"]
    E --> F["Ukuseta kwakhona iFactory eChaphazelekayo izixhobo ze-IoT, Hlaziya iFirmware, kwaye Hambisa kuNdwendwe/IoT Wi-Fi VLAN"]
    B -- "Iqabane langoku okanye langaphambili, umntu ohlala naye, okanye uStalker" --> G["YIMISA: Sukucima i-Stalkerware okanye Urhoxise uFikelelo okwangoku (uMngcipheko wokuKhuphuka kweSilumkiso)"]
    G --> H["Sebenzisa isiXhobo esiNgajongwanga (iFowuni yoMhlobo, iPC yeThala leencwadi, okanye iCash Prepaid Phone) ukuQhagamshelana nabaGqwetha boKhuseleko."]
    H --> I["Phicotha iiMvume ze-iOS / i-Android, i-iCloud / i-Akhawunti kaGoogle yoQhagamshelwano, kunye ne-Apps eQhagamshelweyo yeSithuthi"]
    I --> J{"Ngaba ukulungele ukuPhuma ngokuKhuselekileyo okanye ube namaPolisa / isiKhuseli esinguMyalelo weNkundla?"}
    J -- "Ewe" --> K["I-Factory Reset Router, Hlehlisa iKhaya eKwabelwana ngalo/uFikelelo lweMoto, kwaye Faka endaweni okanye iDFU-Sula ifowuni"]
    J -- "Hayi" --> L["Gcina i-Decoy uMsebenzi oQhelekileyo kwiFowuni eBekelwe iliso ngelixa usebenzisa iMfihlo yokuCoca ifowuni kwiSicwangciso sokuPhuma"]

Icandelo 1: Ikhamera yokhuseleko lwangaphakathi kunye ne-Wi-Fi yomntwana esweni ukuqweqwedisa¶

Xa ilizwi lomntu ongamaziyo lithetha ngesiquphe nge-monitor yomntwana we-nursery okanye ikhamera ye-pan-tilt yokhuseleko yangaphakathi iqala ukujikeleza ngokwayo ukukulandela kwigumbi, amava aphula ngokunzulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphezu kwe-95 pesenti yamatyala abathengi axeliweyo, umhlaseli akazange "aqhekeze" amaza onomathotholo afihliweyo ngaphandle kwendlu yakho; endaweni yoko, bangene ngokuthe ngqo kwi-portal yewebhu yekhamera yakho besebenzisa igama lokugqitha elivuza kwiwebhusayithi enganxulumananga nokophulwa kwedatha.

Abahlaseli baqweqwedisa njani iikhamera ezikrelekrele kunye nabahloli babantwana¶

Ukuqonda eyona ndlela yobugcisa ikuxelela ukuba loluphi ulawulo lokhuseleko olungaphumeleliyo:

1. Ukufaka iNkcazelo kwiiAkhawunti zeKhamera yeLifu (Ezona zixhaphake kakhulu): Ukuba usebenzise idilesi ye-imeyile efanayo kunye negama lokugqitha kwi-app yekhamera ehlakaniphile (efana neRing, Nest, Wyze, Arlo, Blink, okanye Eufy) okhe wayisebenzisa ngaphambili kwintengiso eyaphukileyo, imidlalo, okanye iforum yewebhusayithi, i-automated bots bots ivavanya izigidi ze-imeyile ezivuzayo zekhamera kunye negama eligqithisiweyo le-imeyile. Nje ukuba i-bot ibethe, iziqinisekiso zithengiswa kwiiforam zolwaphulo-mthetho apho i-voyeurs kunye neetroli zingena ngqo kwikhamera yakho ephilayo kwaye ucinezele iqhosha lemakrofoni "Ndlela-mbini".
2. Ugqithiso lweSibuko se-UPnP kunye naMagama okugqithisa aMiselweyo kwiiKhamera ze-IP: Iikhamera zenethwekhi endala okanye eyegeneric (iikhamera ze-RTSP/ONVIF IP kunye nezijongi zesimbo seFoscam) zihlala zihamba ngenqanawa ngegama lomsebenzisi elinekhowudi engagqibekanga kunye negama lokugqitha (ezifana ne admin / admin okanye admin / 12345) kwaye usebenzise Iplagi yeHlabathi kunye neDlala (UPnP) ukuvula ngokuzenzekelayo izibuko elingaphakathi kwirutha yasekhaya (Port 80, Port 554, okanye Port 8000). Iinjini zokukhangela zezixhobo eziqhagamshelwe kwi-intanethi (ezifana ne-Shodan okanye i-Censys) zichaza la mazibuko avulelekileyo ngokuzenzekelayo, nto leyo evumela nabani na okwi-intanethi ukuba ajonge ukutya okungavunywanga.
3. Unxulumano "lweLungu leNdlu" okanye "loNdwendwe" ekwabelwana ngalo: Amaqabane angaphambili, abagcini babantwana, abahamba ngezinja, okanye abaqeshi bangaphambili abakhe bamenywa "njengoMsebenzisi eKwabelwana ngawo" ngaphakathi kwe-smart app yakho yasekhaya bagcina ikhamera ephilayo kwaye batshixe ufikelelo ngokungenasiphelo ngaphandle kokuba urhoxisiwe ngokucacileyo, nokuba utshintshe igama eliyimfihlo lakho.
4. I-RF yasekuhlaleni / i-FHSS yokuThintela kwiiMonitors ezingezizo i-Wi-Fi: Izijongi zomntwana ezingezizo eze-Wi-Fi ezisebenzisa imiqondiso yerediyo ye-analog 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz ngamanye amaxesha inokuthatha intetho enqamlezileyo kwifowuni engenacingo yommelwane okanye imonitha yosana phakathi kweemitha ezili-100 ukuya kwezingama-300 (iinyawo ezingama-330 ukuya kuma-985). Yale mihla DECT 6.0 okanye FHSS (Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum) iimonitha ezizinikeleyo ezingezizo i-Wi-Fi ezifihlakeleyo kunye ne-hop frequencies kamakhulu ngesekhondi kwaye ayinakufumaneka kwi-intanethi kwaphela.

Uluhlu lokukhangela olukhawulezileyo lweekhamera ezithinjiweyo kunye neehabhu ezihlakaniphile zasekhaya¶

• Inyathelo loku-1: Tsala iplagi yamandla ebonakalayo: Khupha i-USB-C okanye iadaptha yamandla yomphanda ngasemva kwikhamera nganye yangaphakathi kunye nesijongi somntwana. Ukuba ikhamera inebhetri ye-lithium yangaphakathi, bamba iqhosha lamandla lomzimba imizuzwana ye-15 ide ibe namandla, okanye ubeke ikhamera ijonge phantsi ngaphakathi kwedrowa evaliweyo okanye i-closet eboshwe ngetawuli engqindilili ukuze zombini i-lens kunye ne-microphone zixutywe ngelixa ukhusela ii-akhawunti zakho.
• Inyathelo lesi-2: Jonga iZixhobo eziGunyazisiweyo ze-app kunye noluhlu lwabasebenzisi ekwabelwana ngabo: Ngaphambi kokuba ucime isixhobo kwiakhawunti yakho, vula usetyenziso lwekhamera Useto lweakhawunti > Ukhuseleko > Izixhobo zoMthengi oGunyazisiweyo okanye Umsebenzi wokuNgena kwaye uthathe umfanekiso weskrini obonisa naziphi na iidilesi ze-IP ezingaziwayo, izixeko, okanye iimodeli zefowuni ezingachazwanga ( "iPhone 15 in Frankfurt" okanye "Web Browser in Moscow"). Okulandelayo, vula Abasebenzisi Ekwabelwana Ngayo / Amalungu Osapho kwaye ususe wonke umntu ongamthembiyo ngokupheleleyo.
• Inyathelo lesi-3: Guqula igama lokugqitha le-imeyile engundoqo, emva koko i-password yakho yelifu yekhamera: Ngenxa yokuba umhlaseli onokufikelela kwibhokisi yakho ye-imeyile angabamba ngokulula "Setha kwakhona Igama lokugqithisa" ii-imeyile, khusela i-akhawunti yakho ye-imeyile ephambili kuqala ngegama eliyimfihlo elinamagama angama-20 kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbini, emva koko utshintshe igama lokugqitha lakho lomthengisi wekhamera kwigama lokugqitha elahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo.
• Inyathelo lesi-4: Isinyanzelo esisiSinyanzelo seFactors ezimbini (2FA): Vula i-2FA ngaphakathi kwe-app yekhamera yakho usebenzisa i-app ye-authenticator (efana ne-Google Authenticator, i-Ente Auth, okanye i-1Password) kunemiyalezo ebhaliweyo yeSMS apho ixhaswayo. Ukuvula i-2FA kunye nokuseta kwakhona igama eligqithisiweyo lakho kunyanzela iseva yelifu ukuba ingasebenzi kakuhle zonke iithokheni zostrimisho ezisebenzayo kwimizuzu.
• **Isinyathelo sesi-5: Cinezela i-hardware ye-Factory ye-Physical Setha kwakhona i-pinhole kwikhamera **: Xhuma ikhamera kwakhona ngelixa ubambe i-hardware ehlaziyiweyo ** Hlela kwakhona iqhosha ** iqhosha le-10 ukuya kwi-15 imizuzwana de ukukhanya kwesalathisi kukhanya kwaye i-voice prompt iqinisekisa ukusetha kwakhona kwefektri. Phinda ulungise ikhamera kwi-akhawunti yakho, faka yonke into elindileyo ** Uhlaziyo lweFirmware **, kwaye ukhubaze ** Iindlela ezimbini ze-Audio / Microphone Recording ** ngaphakathi kwezicwangciso kuyo nayiphi na ikhamera yangaphakathi apho ingxoxo yezwi ayifuni ngokungqongqo.

Icandelo 2: Izitshixo ezihlakaniphile, iithermostats, izithethi, kunye neemoto eziqhagamshelwe kwiingxabano zasekhaya¶

Ekutshixelweni komqeshisi, uqhekeko olumdaka, kunye namatyala okuxhatshazwa kwasekhaya, i-smart ecosystems (i-Amazon Alexa, iKhaya likaGoogle, i-Apple HomeKit, i-Samsung SmartThings) kunye nee-apps eziqhagamshelweyo ze-smartphone yemoto (iTesla, FordPass, MyChevrolet, Toyota, Hyundai Bluelink, Subaru Starlink, Mercedes me) zihlala zixhotyiswa, zixhonywe ixesha lokwenyani, ukulala okude, ukulala okude.

Ukukhusela izitshixo ezihlakaniphile, iingcango zegaraji, kunye ne-thermostats¶

Ukuba izibane zakho zidanyaza ngo-3:00 AM, i-thermostat yakho inyuka ngesiquphe iye kuma-32 degrees celcius (90 degrees Fahrenheit) okanye yehle iye kutsho kwi-10 degrees celcius (50 degrees Fahrenheit), okanye i-deadbolt yakho ehlakaniphile izivule ngokwayo:

1. ** Tsala ipakethi yebhetri yangaphakathi iphume kwi-smart deadbolt yakho**: Yonke i-smart deadbolt (Schlage, Yale, Agasti, Kwikset, Aqara, Level) inikwa amandla ziibhetri ezi-4 ukuya kwezisi-8 ze-AA okanye ipakethe ye-lithium etshajwayo kwakhona ebekwe phantsi kwe ingaphakathi isigubungelo sokujika ubhontsi ngaphakathi kwendlu yakho. Shelelisela kwikhava yangaphakathi kwaye ususe ipakethi yebhetri. Ngaphandle kwamandla ebhetri, i-chip yerediyo i-100 yeepesenti ingaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi kwaye ayinakuvulwa nayiphi na i-app, ikhowudi ye-PIN, okanye umyalelo we-Wi-Fi, ngelixa isitshixo sakho sesinyithi somzimba kunye nokujika kwebhontsi yangaphakathi kuqhubeka nokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo.
2. Tsala intambo yokukhutshwa kwencwadi kaxakeka kwisivuli socango lwegaraji yakho: Ukuba umntu ongagunyaziswanga unokufikelela kwi-MyQ yakho, iGenie Aladdin, okanye isilawuli segaraji ye-Meross, khulula ibhulorho ekrelekrele kwindawo yokuphuma eludongeni okanye tsala intambo ebomvu yokukhulula kaxakeka ejinga kwitroli yocango lwegaraji uze uslayide uvale ngaphakathi kwegaraji esecaleni.
3. Tsala i-smart thermostat faceplate eludongeni: Ii-thermostats ezi-Smart (i-Google Nest, i-Ecobee, i-Honeywell Home) ichwetheza kwisiseko sombane esine-voltage esezantsi edongeni. Bamba iyunithi ye-thermostat ngokuqinileyo kwaye uyitsale ngokuthe ngqo kwizikhonkwane zodonga ukuze uyeke ukuphathwa kakubi kweqondo lokushisa kude kube unokuseta ngokutsha iyunithi phantsi kwe- ** Useto > Seta kwakhona > Uqhagamshelo lweakhawunti / Zonke iisetingi ** kwaye uyibophe kwiakhawunti entsha ye-imeyile.
4. Phicotha i-Smart Home Hub "Amalungu eKhaya" kunye nabaNcedisi beLizwi abaManyanisiweyo:
5. Ikhaya le-Apple (iKit yasekhaya): Vula i-Ekhaya* app kwi-iPhone/iPad yakho, cofa i-icon ** yamaQhaphaza amaThathu (phezulu ekunene) > Useto lwaseKhaya**. Hlola uluhlu People kwaye ususe naliphi na iqabane langaphambili okanye umntu ohlala naye. Skrolela ezantsi ukuya ku-IiKhamera & neentsimbi zeeNcango kunye ne-Vumela iSithethi & noFikelelo lwe-TV kwaye uthintele ufikelelo kokuthi "Kuphela Abantu Ababelana Ngeli Khaya".
6. IKhaya likaGoogle: Vula i-Google Home app, cofa Iisetingi > Usapho, khetha nawuphi na umntu ongagunyaziswanga, kwaye ucofe Susa iLungu. Khangela kwakhona ** Izicwangciso > Isebenza neGoogle ** ukukhupha nayiphi na iqonga le-automation yomntu wesithathu (njenge-IFTTT okanye uMncedisi weKhaya) ukuba umxhaphazi unokudityaniswa.
7. I-Amazon Alexa: Vula i-* Alexa** app, yiya ku ** Okuninzi > Useto > Iprofayili yakho kunye noSapho *, kwaye ujonge ** I-Amazon Household ** ukususa nayiphi na iprofayili yabantu abadala edibeneyo (amazon.com/myh/manage). Khubaza iimvume ze-Lahla ngaphakathi kuzo zonke izithethi ze-Echo ukuze kungabikho mnxibelelwano wangaphandle onokujika isithethi sakho esihlakaniphile sibe yi-intercom evulekileyo ngaphandle kwemvume yakho.

Ukuphicotha ii-apps zeMoto eziQhagamshelweyo (I-GPS stalker vector engahoywanga)¶

Iimoto zale mihla ezenziwe emva kowama-2016 zineemodem zeselula ezakhelwe ngaphakathi kunye nee-transceivers ze-GPS ezixela eyona dilesi yesitrato yesithuthi, isantya, imbali yohambo, kunye nendawo epakwe kuyo kwi-smartphone yeqabane le-app iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku. Nokuba ubuyisela izitshixo zemoto kwiqabane langaphambili, **i-app yefowuni yabo isenokulandelela apho umisa khona, ivule iingcango zemoto yakho ukude, okanye idanyaze isigodlo kunye nezibane ** ngaphandle kokuba urhoxisa iprofayile yabo yomqhubi wedijithali.

• Uyaqhawula njani inqwelo-mafutha edibeneyo:
• Hlala ngaphakathi kwisithuthi kwaye uvule ideshibhodi esembindini ye-infotainment screen. Yiya ku ** Useto > Iiprofayili / Iinkonzo eziQhagamshelweyo / Idatha & Nobumfihlo ** kwaye uhlole zonke iifowuni ezidityanisiweyo kunye neeprofayili ezigunyazisiweyo zomqhubi.
• Fowunela iqhosha lenkxaso yomxhasi womenzi wesithuthi (iqhosha lomzimba SOS / Info / OnStar / Iinkonzo eziQhagamshelweyo kufutshane nesipili sokujonga ngasemva) okanye ufowunele inombolo yokhathalelo lomxhasi we-automaker kunye neNombolo yeSazisi seVehicle (VIN)** yakho kunye nobungqina bokuba ngumnini/ubhaliso (okanye ikopi yomyalelo wokhuseleko lobundlobongela basekhaya). Cela iarhente ukuba yenze kwangoko Ukuseta kwakhona iAkhawunti eyiNtloko, cima bonke abasebenzisi abagunyazisiweyo besibini, kwaye udlulisele ubunini be-telematics engundoqo ngokukodwa kwidilesi yakho entsha, yabucala ye-imeyile.
• ** Izithuthi zikaTesla **: Vula isikrini esichukumisayo (Controls > Locks) ukuhlola lonke Isitshixo seFowuni esibhalisiweyo kunye nekhadi lesitshixo; cima nasiphi na isitshixo sefowuni esingaqhelekanga ngokukhawuleza, emva koko uvule usetyenziso lweTesla (Security & Drivers > Manage Drivers) ukususa abaqhubi besibini kunye nokutshintsha igama lokugqitha leakhawunti yakho yeTesla.

Icandelo 3: I-smartphone stalkerware, i-spywareware, kunye nokufunyanwa kwespyware¶

Stalkerware (ekwathengiswa ngezorhwebo njenge "spouseware", "isoftware yokubeka esweni umqeshwa", okanye "ii-apps zolawulo lwabazali" ezinje nge-mSpy, FlexiSPY, Cocospy, Hoverwatch, Eyezy, Mobix, okanye Spyera) yisoftware ecuphayo efakwe kwi-smartphone ngumntu onofikelelo ngokwasemzimbeni kwikhowudi yomsebenzisi engatshixwanga kwaye oyaziyo ikhowudi yomsebenzisi yesikrini. Nje ukuba ifakwe, i-stalkerware ibaleka ngokuthe cwaka ngasemva nge-icon efihliweyo okanye efihliweyo (ehlala ibizwa ngokuba "Inkonzo yeSistim", "Impilo yeSixhobo", "Useto lweWi-Fi", okanye "Uhlaziyo loMphathi") kwaye ilayishe indawo yakho yexesha lokwenyani le-GPS, imiyalezo yeSMS, WhatsApp/Iingxoxo zeSiginali, ukufowunela iirekhodi zewebhu, iifoto zewebhu, iibhrowudi zewebhu kunye neerekhodi zewebhu kulawulwa ngumxhaphazi.

Cloud Account Stalking vs iFakelwe iStalkerware Apps¶

Phambi kokuzingela usetyenziso lwe-spyware olungaqhelekanga, qonda ukuba ** i-80 yeepesenti ye-smartphone stalking ifuna ukufakwa kwesoftware kwifowuni yakho **. Ukuba umntu uyazi Apple ID (iCloud) igama lokugqitha okanye Akhawunti kaGoogle igama lokugqitha, bangangena icloud.com/find okanye google.com/android/find nakweyiphi na ibhrawuza yewebhu, jonga eyona ndawo yakho ye-GPS yexesha lokwenyani, funda iMessages zakho ezigciniweyo, i-WhatsApp backups, iifoto, kunye nabafowunelwa, kwaye udibanise ifowuni yakho kwi-iPad yakudala okanye ithebhulethi efihlwe kwidrowa yabo.

flowchart TD
    A["Umrhanelwa wefowuni ujongwa nguMlingane okanye uStalker"] --> B["Jonga iVector 1 kuQala: Iakhawunti yelifu kunye noLwabiwo lweNdawo olwakhelwe ngaphakathi (80% yamatyala)"]
    B --> C["Kwi-iPhone: Qhuba i-Apple 'uHlolo loKhuseleko' (Useto> Ubumfihlo kunye noKhuseleko> Jonga uKhuseleko)"]
    B --> D["Kwi-Android: Jonga uGoogle Fumana isixhobo sam, iGoogle Maps yokwabelana ngeNdawo kunye neZixhobo eziQhagamshelweyo"]
    C --> E["Jonga iVector 2: Iiseshoni zeWebhu ezidityanisiweyo (i-WhatsApp, iSiginali, iTelegram, iMessage kwiMac/iPad)"]
    D --> E
    E --> F["Jonga iVector 3: I-Sideloaded Android Stalkerware APKs okanye iOS MDM Configuration Profiles"]
    F --> G{"Ngaba ufumene i-Stalkerware eSebenzayo okanye ukuvumelanisa kwefu okungagunyaziswanga?"}
    G -- "Ewe" --> H["Ubungqina be-Screenshot usebenzisa i-SECOND eyahlula iKhamera (Musa i-Screenshot kwifowuni eyosulelekileyo)"]
    H --> I["Xa Kukhuselekile Ukuphuma: Ukuseta kwakhona iFactory (okanye iDFU Buyisela) Ifowuni kwaye wenze iAkhawunti yeLifu eNtsha"]

Uyiphicotha njani i-iPhone (iOS) yokukhangela kunye nespyware¶

Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yokusebenza yeApple inyanzelisa i-hardware eqinisekisiweyo ye-sandboxing (App Store ukusayinwa kwekhowudi), i-stalkerware yorhwebo ** ayikwazi ** ukulayishwa ecaleni kwi-iPhone eqhelekileyo, engeyontolongweni ngaphandle kokushiya abaphawuli benkqubo ebonakalayo. Endaweni yoko, i-iPhone stalkers isebenzisa iindlela ezine ezithile onokuthi uziphicothe ngemizuzu emi-3:

1. Yenza isixhobo se-Apple esakhelwe ngaphakathi esithi "Khangela uKhuseleko" (i-iOS 16 kunye nentsha):
2. Vula Useto > Imfihlo & noKhuseleko > Khangela uKhuseleko.
3. U-Apple wenze eli nqaku ngokukodwa namaqela akhuthaza ubundlobongela basekhaya. Unokukhetha Lawula ukwabelana kunye noFikelelo (ukuhlola ngokuthe cwaka kwaye urhoxise ngokucokisekileyo ukuba ngubani onokubona indawo yam, iiAlbham zeFoto eKwabelwana ngazo, iKhalenda, izincedisi zeKhayaKit, kwaye zeziphi ezinye ii-iPhones, ii-iPads, okanye iiMacs ezisayinwe kwi-ID yakho ye-Apple) okanye ucofe ** Ukuseta kwakhona okuNgxamisekileyo** (ethi ngoko nangoko ikhuphe yonke indawo yokwabelana nomntu wonke, isayine kwakhona zonke izixhobo zenkqubo, ukuphumla kunye nemvume kwi-iCloud. FaceTime ngokungqongqo kwi-iPhone esandleni sakho).
4. Jonga iMDM efihliweyo / iiProfayili zoqwalaselo kunye neJailbreaks:
5. I-spyware ye-iPhone yorhwebo engasebenzisi ii-backups ze-iCloud ifuna ukuplaga ngokwasemzimbeni i-iPhone yakho evuliweyo kwikhompyuter kwaye ifakele i- Ulawulo lweSixhobo esiXhobisayo (MDM) Uqwalaselo lweProfayile (okanye ukophula ifowuni).
6. Vula ** Useto> Ngokubanzi> VPN kunye noLawulo lweSixhobo**. Kumthengi oqhelekileyo we-iPhone (engalawulwa ngumqeshi wakho weshishini), kufuneka kubekho iiprofayili zoqwalaselo zero okanye iiprofayile zeMDM ezidweliswe apha. Ukuba ubona iprofayile yoLawulo lweSixhobo engaqhelekanga okanye isatifikethi esiyingcambu, umntu onokufikelela ngokwasemzimbeni ufakele iprofayile yolawulo kwifowuni yakho.
7. Jonga iNgxelo yaBucala ye-App kunye neMicrophone / iZalathi zeKhamera:
8. Bukela ikona ephezulu ngasekunene kwesikrini sakho se-iPhone: I-iOS ibonisa isinyanzelo ** ichaphaza eliorenji** ngalo lonke ixesha naluphi na usetyenziso lusebenzisa imakrofoni yakho, kunye ne-dot eluhlaza* nanini na xa nayiphi na i-app isebenzisa ikhamera yakho. Swayiphela ezantsi ukuze uvule Iziko loLawulo ngelixa ichaphaza libonakala ukubona elona gama losetyenziso usebenzisa isivamvo.
9. Layita **Useto > Ubumfihlo & noKhuseleko > Ingxelo yaBucala be-App ** ukuze ubone ilog efakwe isitampu sexesha kuyo yonke i-app efikelele kwindawo yakho, i-microphone, ikhamera, abafowunelwa, okanye iifoto kwezi ntsuku ziyi-7 zidlulileyo.
10. Layita iNdlela yokutshixa ukuba ujongene nesizwe okanye i-spyware yorhwebo yorhwebo oluphezulu:
11. Ukuba uyintatheli, umkhuseli wamalungelo oluntu, isigqeba, okanye iprofayili ephezulu ekujoliswe kuyo uxhalabile ngocofa i-zero mercenary spyware (efana nePegasus okanye iPredator), yiya ku ** Useto > Ubungasese & noKhuseleko > Imo yokutshixa ** kwaye uyivule.

Uyiphicotha njani ifowuni ye-Android ye-stalkerware efihliweyo¶

Kuba i-Android ivumela abasebenzisi (okanye umntu obambe ifowuni yakho engavulwanga kangangemizuzu emi-3) ukuba atshintshele kwi-"Faka usetyenziso olungaziwayo" kunye necala elifihliweyo .apk iifayile ze-stalkerware ngqo kwi-browser yewebhu, i-Android ifuna ukuphicothwa kwemvume yamanyathelo ama-5:

1. Qinisekisa ukuba i-Google Play Protect isavuliwe:
2. Xa umxhaphazi efakela i-stalkerware yorhwebo (efana ne-mSpy okanye i-FlexiSPY) kwifowuni ye-Android, inyathelo enye ye-spyware ye-spywares manual yokufaka ibayala ukuba ** bacime i-Google Play Protect ** ngoko ifowuni ayiyi kukhupha isibhengezo sesilumkiso esithi kufunyenwe i-spyware app eyingozi.
3. Vula i-Google Play Store* app, cofa *Umfanekiso weProfayile yakho (phezulu ekunene) > Dlala Protect > Useto (umfanekiso wegiya)**. Ukuba Skena ii-apps nge-Play Protect icinyiwe ** OFF **, leyo yiflegi enkulu ebomvu ukuba kukho umntu oye wacima ngesandla iskena esichasene ne-malware sefowuni yakho ukufihla i-stalkerware esecaleni. Yivule kwakhona (kuphela xa ulungele ukuba i-stalkerware ibonwe kwaye ivalwe).
4. Hlola imenyu "yeeNkonzo zokuFikelela" (I#1 Android Stalkerware Hook):
5. I-stalkerware yanamhlanje ye-Android ayikwazi ukufunda i-WhatsApp yakho, iSiqondiso, okanye imiyalezo yemidiya yoluntu ngaphandle kokuba isifakeli sinikezela nge-spyware app **Inkonzo yokuFikelela ** iimvumelwano zenkonzo (uphawu olulungiselelwe abasebenzisi abaziimfama okanye abanengxaki yemoto evumela usetyenziso ukuba lufunde lonke igama elikwisikrini kwaye lufake zonke izitshixo).
6. Vula ** Useto > Ukufikeleleka > Usetyenziso olufakiweyo (okanye usetyenziso olukhutshelweyo)**. Jonga zonke ii-app ezidweliswe apha. Ukuba ubona usetyenziso olunegama elithi "Uhlaziyo lweSistim", "Inkonzo yeMpilo yeSixhobo", "Ungqamaniso lweWi-Fi", "Uncedo lweesetingi", okanye naluphi na usetyenziso ongakhange ululungiselele ngokucacileyo ukukhubazeka okanye umphathi wegama lokugqitha, phantse ngokuqinisekileyo yi-stalkerware.
7. Phicotha "IiNkqubo zoLawulo lweSixhobo" kunye "noFikelelo lweSaziso":
8. Vula ** Useto > Ukhuseleko & Nobumfihlo > Useto olungakumbi lokhuseleko > Usetyenziso lolawulo lwesixhobo ** (okanye ukukhangela Useto lwe "Ulawulo lwesixhobo"). IStalkerware izibhalisa ngokwayo njengoMlawuli weSixhobo ukukuthintela ukuba ungayikhiphi ude ukhuphe ukukhangela ibhokisi yolawulo apha.
9. Iisetingi zokukhangela "Ufikelelo lwesaziso" (okanye Ufikelelo olukhethekileyo kusetyenziso > Ufikelelo lwesaziso). Nayiphi na i-app eQinisekisiweyo apha inokukopa ngokuthe cwaka yonke i-SMS engenayo, iSiginali, kunye nesaziso sika-WhatsApp.
10. Khangela kuluhlu olupheleleyo lwee-Apps ezingenanto okanye ezifihliweyo:
11. Yiya ku ** Useto > Usetyenziso > Bona zonke [X] usetyenziso **. Cofa amachaphaza amathathu phezulu ekunene kwaye ukhethe Bonisa inkqubo. Skrola ngokucothayo kuluhlu olukhangela ii-apps ezine-emhlophe okanye i-icon ecacileyo, amagama aqhelekileyo wenkqubo-evakala esebenzisa ibhetri ephezulu okanye idata yeselula ngasemva, okanye ii -apps ezifakwe ngesikhangeli sewebhu kuneGoogle Play Store (cofa i-app kwaye uskrole uye ezantsi phantsi Iinkcukacha ze-App evenkileni: inkqubo yokwenyani okanye i-Play Store efakwe ecaleni kwe-App kaGoogle isithi "ifakwe kwi-Google Play Store "Ifakwe kwiChrome" okanye "isiFakelo sePhakheji").
12. Hlola iGoogle Maps yoKwabelana ngeNdawo kunye neZixhobo eziDityanisiweyo zoMyalezo:
13. Vula i-iMaphu zikaGoogle* app, cofa Umfanekiso weProfayile > Ukwabelana ngendawo, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba indawo okuyo akwabelwana ngayo nedilesi yemeyile yomxhaphazi okanye ngekhonkco lewebhu elisisigxina.
14. Vula WhatsApp (Settings > Linked Devices), Umqondiso (Settings > Linked Devices), ITelegram (Settings > Devices), kunye neMiyalezo kaGoogle (Device pairing). Ukuba umhlaseli uskene ikhowudi ye-QR kwifowuni yakho evuliweyo kangangemizuzwana emi-5 ngelixa ukwishawari, banesipili esiphilayo sayo yonke incoko efihliweyo kwisiphequluli sabo selaptop.

Icandelo 4: Ukukhusela irutha yakho yeWi-Fi yekhaya kunye nokwakha isiseko esicocekileyo sedijithali¶

Nje ukuba ukhuselekile ngokwasemzimbeni kwaye ulungele ukunqumla umntu ongenelelayo okanye umxhaphazi ngokupheleleyo, vala inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya kunye nezixhobo ngolu hlobo luchanekileyo:

1. Cofa iFactory yehardware Seta kwakhona umphini we-pinhole kwirutha yakho ye-Wi-Fi: Ukuba iqabane langaphambili, umntu ohlala naye, okanye ihacker wake wayazi igama eliyimfihlo le-router yakho, wayene-app yeselula yomthengisi we-router (efana ne-Eero, i-Netgear Nighthawk, i-TP-Link Deco, i-Google Nest Wifi, okanye i-Asus Router) efakwe kwifowuni ephathwayo yodwa, ukuguqula i-password yodwa okanye i-Wiconfig ye-Wiconfig. Bamba i-pinhole yokusetha kwakhona ngokomzimba ngasemva kwe-router imizuzwana ye-15, setha i-router phantsi kwe-**-akhawunti entsha yefu **, yenza i-Password yoLawulo lwe-Router entsha, usete igama elitsha lomnatha we-Wi-Fi (SSID) kunye ne-WPA2/WPA3 ibinzana lokugqithisa, kunye ** khubaza i-UPnP (i-Universal Plug kunye noLawulo lweWebhu) kunye ne-Remote.
2. Hambisa zonke iikhamera ezikrelekrele, izitshixo, kunye neeTV kuthungelwano olukwanti "lweWi-Fi yeeNdwendwe": Layita inethiwekhi yeWi-Fi yeeNdwendwe** yomzila wakho* (ene "Client Isolation" enikwe amandla) kwaye uqhagamshele zonke iikhamera ezikrelekrele, iimonitha zomntwana, iiplagi ezihlakaniphileyo, ii-vacuums zerobhothi, kunye neeTV ezihlakaniphile kwinethiwekhi yeeNdwendwe, ngelixa ugcina ii-smartphones zakho kwiilaptops zobuqu. Ngaloo ndlela, igajethi esengozini ayinakuze iskene okanye iphulaphule iikhompyuter zakho.
3. **Yenza ukusetwa kwakhona kweFactory ecocekileyo (okanye uTshintsho) ye-smartphone eyosulelekileyo **:
4. Ngenxa yokuba i-stalkerware enzulu inokufihla iifayile zokuzingisa okanye iiprofayili zoqwalaselo ezisinda ekukhutshweni kosetyenziso olusisiseko, ekuphela kwendlela ethembekileyo ye-100 yeepesenti yokucoca ifowuni efakwe i-stalkerware yi- **Full Factory Reset ** (Settings > System > Reset options > Erase all data (factory reset) kwi-Android, okanye Settings > General > Transfer or Reset iPhone > Erase All Content and Settings, okanye ikhompyutha **DFU Mode Buyisela **, on iPhone).
5. ** KUBALULEKILEYO ** : Xa useta ifowuni emva kokusetha kwakhona kwefektri, ** UNGAKHETHI "Buyisela kwi-iCloud / i-Google Cloud Backup"**, kuba ukubuyisela umfanekiso opheleleyo wesixhobo kunokukhuphela ngokuzenzekelayo i-app efihliweyo ye-stalkerware okanye useto oluphazamisekileyo ubuyele kwifowuni ecocekileyo. Endaweni yoko, khetha "Misa njengesixhobo esitsha", ngena ngeakhawunti entsha kraca okanye yelifu ekhuselwe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ukhuphele ngesandla kuphela ii -apps ezaziwayo ozaziyo kwiVenkile yeApp esemthethweni okanye iPlay Store.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho¶

Imithombo ijongiwe¶

• I-Cybersecurity kunye ne-Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) kunye ne-Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI, eUnited States): * Ukukhusela i-Smart Home Internet yezinto (IoT) izixhobo, ukuNcitshiswa kweKhamera, kunye neSikhokelo soMthengi kwi-Stalkerware *.
• Uthungelwano lweSizwe lokuphelisa uBundlobongela baseKhaya (i-NNEDV yeProjekthi yoKhuseleko lweNet, eUnited States): I-Technology Safety & Privacy Toolkit yabasindileyo: Ukuvavanya i-Spyware, i-Smart Home Abuse, kunye noKhuseleko lweSithuthi esiQhagamshelweyo.
• Iziko leSizwe loKhuseleko lwe-Cyber ​​(NCSC, eUnited Kingdom): IiKhamera zoKhuseleko eziSmart: Ukuzisebenzisa ngokuKhuselekileyo kwiKhaya lakho, kunye neSikhokelo kuBasindi beNgcaciso yaseKhaya kuKhuseleko lweSixhobo.
• Umanyano oluchasene ne-Stalkerware (iQela eliSebenzayo laMazwe ngamazwe / i-Electronic Frontier Foundation, i-Kaspersky, i-Malwarebytes, i-Avast, i-NNEDV, i-WEISSER RING): *Izikhombisi ze-Stalkerware, iiNkqubo zoFundo eziKhuselekileyo, kunye ne-Non-Escalation Protocols *.
• I-Apple Platform Security (eUnited States): *IsiKhokelo soMsebenzisi soKhuseleko loBuntu kwiZixhobo ze-Apple: Ukusebenzisa uKhuseleko lokuHlola kwi-iOS, iiProfayili zokuHlola uPhicotho, kunye neModi yokuTshwana *.
• I-eSafety Commissioner (uRhulumente wase-Australia, e-Australia): I-Technology-Facilitate Abuse: Auditing Smart Home Devices, Cloud Accounts, kunye neMobile Spyware Ngokukhuselekileyo.

Izikhokelo ezinxulumeneyo¶

• Ukukhusela iirotha zasekhaya kunye nezixhobo ze-IoT
• Umkhondo weGPS kunye ne-AirTag yokulandela
• Ugonyamelo lwasekhaya
• Ukulandela kunye nokhuseleko lokuhlola umzimba