Umutekano wa generator na monoxide ya karubone¶

Ibikomoka kuri lisansi, propane, hamwe na moteri ebyiri zisubiramo amashanyarazi bigarura amashanyarazi mugihe cyumuyaga mwinshi hamwe n’umuriro w'amashanyarazi igihe kirekire, ariko kandi bigatera ibyago byangiza ubuzima murugo. Nyuma y’ibihuhusi bikomeye, inkubi y'umuyaga, hamwe n’umwijima wo mu karere, inzego z’ubutabazi zikunze kuvura abantu benshi bahitanwa n’umuriro wa generator yo mu nzu, kugaburira amashanyarazi yica, ndetse n’umuriro ushushe cyane kuruta uko ikirere cyabaye ubwacyo. Kumenya uko wakwitwara mukanya karuboni ya monoxide yumvikana, uburyo bwo guhagarika amashanyarazi yihutirwa, nuburyo bwo gutandukanya imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi bituma urugo rwawe rugira umutekano mugihe gride yamanutse.

Kora ubu¶

Niba urugo rwawe rwa monoxyde de carbone itangiye kumvikana mugihe generator ikora, cyangwa niba umuntu wese uri murugo yumva azunguye, isesemi, urujijo, cyangwa arwaye umutwe:

1. ** Kwimura abantu bose hamwe ninyamanswa mu kirere cyiza cyo hanze ako kanya **: Ntugahagarike gukingura amadirishya, gupakira imifuka, cyangwa gushakisha ibimenetse mu nzu. Himura abantu byibura metero 15 (metero 50) hejuru yinyubako na moteri ikora.
2. ** Hamagara serivisi zubuvuzi bwihutirwa ziturutse hanze **: Hamagara nimero yawe yihutirwa (911 muri Amerika na Kanada, 112 hirya no hino mubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, 999 mu Bwongereza) cyangwa ubaze igitabo cyacu cya nimero yihutirwa. Menyesha impanuka ya carbone monoxide hanyuma ubwire abohereje niba hari ufite ibimenyetso bityo inkeragutabara zizana ogisijeni yubuvuzi 100%.
3. ** Funga amashanyarazi yo hanze gusa niba ari mwumuyaga ufunguye **: Niba generator iherereye hanze yumuyaga ufunguye kandi urashobora kuyigeraho utongeye kwinjira mumwanya wimbere wanduye cyangwa igaraje, fungura icyuma nyamukuru kuri ** OFF ** hanyuma uhindure moteri ya moteri na valve kuri ** OFF **. Niba generator yarimo ikorera imbere muri garage, munsi yo hasi, cyangwa isuka, ** ntukinjire muri uwo mwanya ufunze ** kugirango uzimye; urugero rwa karubone monoxide yica imbere irashobora kugukubita ubwenge mumyuka ibiri. Tegereza abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro bambaye ibikoresho byo guhumeka.
4. ** Tanga ubufasha bwambere kubagize umuryango wibimenyetso **: Saba umuntu wese urwaye umutwe, umutwe, cyangwa isesemi yicare acecetse neza mumuyaga mwiza kugirango agabanye umwuka wa ogisijeni. Niba umuntu atazi ubwenge, genzura umwuka we hanyuma utangire umwotsi na karubone monoxide ubufasha bwambere cyangwa CPR ako kanya.
5. ** Ntukongere kwinjira mu rugo kugeza igihe abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro basukuye ikirere **: Tegereza kugeza ishami ry’umuriro ripima umwuka wo mu nzu hamwe na moteri ya gaze ya gaze ya gaze kandi ikemeza ko imyuka ya karubone yagarutse ku bice 0 kuri miliyoni (ppm).

flowchart TD
    Trigger["Imashanyarazi yihutirwa: CO Ijwi ryumvikana, impumuro yumunaniro, cyangwa moteri ya moteri"] --> Type{"1. Ibihe Byihutirwa Byihuse Niki?"}
    Type -->|CO Alarm or Dizziness/Headache| Evac["2. Kwimura abantu bose hamwe ninyamanswa kugirango bahumeke umwuka mwiza ako kanya"]
    Evac --> EMS["3. Hamagara Serivise zihutirwa ziturutse hanze: Ntukongere kwinjira muri Garage cyangwa Inzu"]
    EMS --> ShutGen["4. Funga Generator Gusa iyo Iherereye Hanze Hanze Yumuyaga"]
    Type -->|Generator Sparking, Smoking, or Overheating| BreakerOff["2. Flip Generator Kumena Main OFF kugirango ikureho umutwaro wamashanyarazi"]
    BreakerOff --> EngineOff["3. Hindura moteri Hindura na lisansi ya lisansi: Hagarara neza hamwe nicyiciro ABC / BC kizimya"]
    Type -->|Grid Power Restored| Transfer["2. Kuramo imigozi cyangwa uhindure kwimura Hindura usubire mubikorwa nyuma yiminota 5-Ihamye"]

Carbone monoxide itabaza igisubizo vs bateri nkeya¶

Mugihe cy'iminsi myinshi yabuze umwijima, icyuma gipima urukuta gishobora gutera urujijo. Gusobanura nabi impuruza ikora uburozi nka batiri nkeya ya chirp ni ikosa ryica. Ibipimo by’umutekano w’igihugu (nka NFPA 720 muri Amerika na EN 50291 i Burayi) bisaba gutabaza monoxyde de carbone kugirango ikoreshe imiterere ya acoustic.

Kuki gufungura garage na Windows bidahagarika kwinjira¶

Imashini itanga lisansi imwe ya watt 5.000 itanga hafi ingano yumuriro wa karubone monoxide na ** ibinyabiziga bitandatu bidakora ** (kwibanda kurenga ibice 10,000 kugeza 50.000 kuri miriyoni kuri tailpipe, mugihe 1200 ppm ihita yica abantu muminota mike).

Ba nyir'amazu bakunze kuzunguruka generator imbere yumuryango wa garage ifunguye kugirango itagwa imvura, cyangwa kuyishyira muri metero 2 (metero 6) hanze yurwinjiriro rwinyuma. Ibi birananirana kubwimpamvu eshatu zumubiri:

1. ** Kwinjira mu kirere biterwa ningutu (ingaruka ya stack) **: Amazu ashyushye cyangwa akonjesha ikirere atera icyuho gito cyumuvuduko mukigorofa yo hasi. Umwuka wa gazi usohoka imbere muri garage ifatanye cyangwa hafi yumuyaga wa sofit, umuyaga wikurikiranya, cyangwa umuyaga wumye byonsa cyane binyuze mu cyuho cya microscopique yumye hamwe na kashe yumuryango mubyumba byo hejuru mubyumba byo hejuru mubyumba muminota 10 kugeza 15.
2. ** Umuyaga uhuha no kwisubiramo **: Umuyaga uhuha hejuru yinzu hejuru yinzu hejuru itera umuyaga mwinshi wumuvuduko ukabije kurukuta rwibisumizi no imbere ya garage ifunguye. Aho guhumeka umuyaga, umuyaga ufata umuyaga mwinshi hejuru y'urukuta rw'inzu ukawusunika mu idirishya.
3. ** Automatic CO shutoff limit **: Mugihe amashanyarazi mashya yimukanwa afite ibyuma byubatswe na CO (byujuje ubuziranenge bwa ANSI / PGMA G300 cyangwa UL 2201) byashizweho kugirango uhagarike moteri niba ibizenga bya monoxyde de carbone bikikije generator ubwayo, ntibishobora gutahura umuyaga uhuhuta unyuze mumadirishya ifunguye hafi yicyumba cyo kuryama mugihe umwuka wo hanze ukikije generator uhagarara. Ntukigere wishingikiriza kuri moteri ya moteri nkigisimbuza amategeko ya metero 6 (metero 20) yo gukuraho hanze ** hamwe na bateri yo mu nzu ishyigikiwe na CO.

Imashanyarazi yihutirwa yo guhagarika no gushyushya protocole¶

Iyo moteri ishobora gutwara ikora amasaha 12 kugeza kuri 48 mugihe cy'ubukonje bukabije cyangwa ubushyuhe bwo mu cyi, kwambara imashini, amavuta ya moteri make, cyangwa umutwaro uremereye w'amashanyarazi birashobora gutuma igice cyikubita hasi, kurasa ibicanwa biva mumashanyarazi, cyangwa gusohora impumuro yumuriro.

Nigute wakora byihutirwa vs guhagarika bisanzwe¶

Kuzimya amashanyarazi mugihe ibikoresho byo murugo biremereye (nka compressor ya firigo, pompe nziza, cyangwa itanura ryamashyiga) biracyakurura ingufu binyuze muri byo bitera imbaraga zumuvuduko ukabije hamwe nigitonyanga cyumuriro gitwika imbaho zumuzunguruko kandi cyangiza imashini itanga amashanyarazi.

• ** Guhagarika imizigo isanzwe (mugihe nta muriro uhari) **:
• Zimya cyangwa ucomeke ibikoresho byose byo murugo bihujwe murugo.
• Sohoka kuri generator hanyuma uhindure ** Main Main Circuit Breaker ** kumwanya wumurongo wa generator kuri ** OFF **.
• Reka moteri ikore idapakururwa kuminota ** 2 kugeza kuri 3 ** kugirango umuyaga ukonjesha urashobora gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe kumutwe usimburana hamwe na silinderi.
• Hindura moteri yo gutwika kuri ** OFF **.
• Kuzenguruka peteroli ya peteroli kuri ** Gufunga / OFF ** kugirango lisansi idatembera hejuru ya carburetor ireremba inshinge mumashini ya moteri mugihe uhagaze.
• ** Umuriro wihutirwa cyangwa guhunga (ibicanwa, umwotsi, cyangwa lisansi yamenetse) **:
• Ntutegereze gukonja. Kwegera kuruhande rwo hejuru hanyuma uhite uhinduranya generator ** Moteri Hindura ** kuri ** OFF ** hanyuma ufunge ** Amavuta ya peteroli **.
• Niba icyuma cyo gutwika cyananiranye cyangwa moteri ikomeje gukora kumavuta ashyushye cyane, kura ** choke lever ** yuzuye kugirango ushonje silinderi yumuyaga, cyangwa uhagarike boot ya reberi mumashanyarazi ukoresheje igikoresho cyiziritse (ntukigere wambara amaboko atose).
• Niba umuriro waka hafi yikigega cya lisansi cyangwa carburetor, ntutere amazi kumurongo (amazi akwirakwiza lisansi yaka umuriro mu gikari kandi ikora amashanyarazi). Kurekura ** Icyiciro B / Icyiciro C ** (cyangwa intego nyinshi ** ABC yumye yumuti **) kizimya umuriro ugamije munsi yumuriro kuva kuri metero 2,5 kugeza kuri 3 (metero 8 kugeza 10), cyangwa kwimuka no guhamagara ishami rishinzwe kuzimya umuriro.

Kurinda kugaburira byica hamwe n'amashanyarazi atose¶

Mugihe cyumuyaga mwinshi, kuvanga amashanyarazi ya generator hamwe ninsinga zangiritse murugo cyangwa ubutaka butose byangiza amashanyarazi mumuryango wawe hamwe nabakozi bakora kumurongo.

Kuki kugaburira umugozi wumugabo-wumugabo ari bibi cyane¶

Gucomeka umugozi wikubye kabiri ("umugozi wo kwiyahura") muri generator mumashanyarazi yumuriro wa volt 240, icyuma cyuma, cyangwa urukuta rwa garage ni bibi cyane:

1. ** Bare ifite ingufu **
2. ** Intambwe-nini ya transformateur amashanyarazi **: Transformer yo mumuhanda hanze yinzu yawe yagenewe gutera intambwe 7,200-volt power power * kumanuka * kugeza kuri 120/240 volt murugo rwawe. Iyo ugaburiye volt 240 usubira inyuma ukava munzu yawe ukinjira mumuhanda udafite transfert yoherejwe, iyo transformateur imwe ikora muburyo butandukanye, igahindura ingufu za generator yawe ** kugeza kuri volt 7.200 ** ikoresheje insinga zimanutse kure, bikica abakozi ba komite cyangwa abaturanyi bakuraho imyanda yumuyaga.
3. ** Umuriro uturika iyo amashanyarazi agarutse **: Niba amashanyarazi akoresha imbaraga zo mumuhanda mugihe generator yawe isubiza inyuma inzu yinzu idahwitse, umuyoboro wa gride utari feri uzahita uhura na generator yawe, uturika moteri ya moteri hanyuma utangire umuriro w'amashanyarazi imbere murukuta rwawe (reba amashanyarazi amashanyarazi arcing hamwe n'ubushyuhe bukabije).

Igikorwa cyizuba cyinshi mugihe cyimvura na shelegi¶

Ntuzigere ukoresha generator yugurura amashanyarazi mu buryo butaziguye mu mvura igwa, urubura, cyangwa urubura rutose, kandi ntuzigere ubishyira mu byuzi bihagaze:

• ** Koresha umuyagankuba ufunguye urufunguzo **: Shyira generator kumpande yumye ya beto yumye, pallet yimbaho, cyangwa materi iremereye munsi yigitereko cyubatsemo amahema (nka GenTent) cyangwa igitereko cyiziritse cyiziritse ku muyaga, ukomeza byibuze metero 1.5 (metero 5) zoguhumeka ikirere kumpande enye na metero 6 (metero 20) uvuye munzu.
• ** Gerageza ahacururizwa GFCI **: Kanda kuri ** IKIZAMINI ** na ** KUGARUKA ** kuri bouton ya generator ya Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) igihe cyose utangiye igice. Komeza umugozi wumugozi uhuza ibyatsi bitose hejuru yindobo ya plastike cyangwa amatafari kugirango amazi yimvura adashobora guhurira imbere yumutwe wumugore.

Kongera ingufu za flash-fire gukumira no gukemura ibibazo byumuyaga¶

Imyuka ya lisansi iremereye kuruta ikirere kandi irashobora gutwika biturika iyo ihuye na muffler isohoka igera kuri dogere selisiyusi 500 kugeza kuri 600 (dogere 930 kugeza kuri 1100 Fahrenheit) ** mugihe ikora.

• ** Shimangira itegeko ryiminota 20 yo gukonjesha **: Buri gihe funga generator rwose hanyuma utegereze ** iminota 15 kugeza kuri 20 ** mbere yo gufungura igitoro cya gaze kugirango lisansi. Ntibishobora gusa kumeneka kumazi ashyushye, ariko gukuramo ingofero kumatanki ashyushye birekura imyuka ya lisansi yotswa igitutu ishobora gucana umuriro ukava kumurabyo uhagaze kumyenda yawe.
• ** Koresha itara rikonje hamwe na feri **: Ntukigere ushyira lisansi mwijimye udafite itara rya batiri cyangwa itara, kandi ukoreshe umuyoboro mugari cyangwa umunwa wumutekano kugirango wirinde kumeneka kumazu asimbuye. Komeza amabati ya peteroli abitswe byibuze metero 7.5 (metero 25) ** uvuye kuri moteri ikora ahantu hasohoka umwuka.
• ** Gukemura ikibazo cya generator gitunguranye mugihe cyumwijima **:
• ** Moteri iratangira noneho ipfa nyuma yamasegonda 3 **: Reba ** sensororo ya peteroli yo hasi **. Amashanyarazi akoresha amavuta ya crankcase vuba mugihe gikomeza amasaha 24; niba amavuta agabanutse nubwo munsi yikimenyetso cya dipstick, float switch irerekana ikibanza cyo gutwika kugirango ubike moteri. Hejuru hamwe na SAE 10W-30 (cyangwa synthique 5W-30 mugihe cy'ubukonje bukonje) mugihe moteri yazimye kandi iringaniye.
• ** Moteri irazamuka epfo na ruguru ("guhiga") cyangwa guhagarara munsi yumutwaro **: lisansi ishaje yafunze igice kinini cyindege nkuru ya carburetor, cyangwa igitoro cya peteroli cyahagaritswe nurubura cyangwa imyanda. Menya neza ko lisansi ya lisansi yahinduwe kuri ** ON **, cyangwa ukoreshe moteri muri kimwe cya kane-choke by'agateganyo kugeza igihe ushobora koza igikono cya karburetor neza.
• ** Moteri ikora neza, ariko nta mbaraga zigera munzu **: Reba byombi gusunika-buto kumashanyarazi kumashanyarazi kumashanyarazi kuri faceplate * na * buto yo gusubiramo GFCI kumurongo wa 120V duplex. Mu gihe cy'ubukonje, fungura icyuma kimwe gishyushya cyane (gikurura watt 1.500) mbere yo gutangira firigo cyangwa pompe iriba, moteri yamashanyarazi ikenera ** inshuro 2 kugeza kuri 3 wattage ikoresha ** mugice cya mbere cyakabiri cyo gutangira.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa¶

Nshobora gukoresha moteri yimodoka muri garage yanjye iyo nsize umuryango munini wa garage ufunguye?¶

Oya, ntugomba na rimwe gukoresha moteri imbere mu igaraje ryometse cyangwa ritandukanijwe kabone niyo umuryango wugurura urugi rwuzuye, kubera ko umuyaga uhuha umutego umuyaga mwinshi imbere yumuyaga kandi umwuka mubi wurugo ukurura vuba monoxyde de carbone yica ikoresheje kashe yumuryango hamwe nu cyuho cyumye ahantu hatuwe.

Hagomba gushyirwa he kure yinzu?¶

Komisiyo ishinzwe umutekano w’ibicuruzwa by’umuguzi muri Amerika (CPSC), CDC, na FEMA ivuga ko imashini zitwara abantu zigomba gushyirwa hanze byibuze metero 6 uvuye ku nzugi zose, amadirishya, hamwe n’umuyaga, hamwe na moteri ya moteri yerekanwe kure y'urugo rwawe n'inzu zituranye.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya carbone monoxide yo gutabaza byihutirwa hamwe na batiri nkeya?¶

Ibikorwa byihutirwa bya carbone monoxide itanga urukurikirane rwibisumizi 4 byihuta, byihuta bikurikirwa no guhagarara kumasegonda 5, bisaba guhita bimuka mukirere cyiza, mugihe bateri nke cyangwa umuburo wanyuma wubuzima bitanga urusaku rumwe rukumbi buri masegonda 30 kugeza kuri 60.

Ni ukubera iki biteje akaga lisansi mu gihe ishyushye cyangwa ikora?¶

Imashini itanga amashanyarazi igera ku bushyuhe buri hejuru ya dogere selisiyusi 500 (dogere 900 Fahrenheit), ikaba iri hejuru yubushyuhe bwo gutwika ibinyabiziga bya peteroli; igitonyanga kimwe cya lisansi yamenetse cyangwa igicu cyumuyaga gikubita moteri ishyushye bizaturika mumuriro uhita.

Ni ukubera iki ntashobora gucomeka generator yanjye mu rukuta cyangwa mu cyuma cyumye mugihe cy'umwijima?¶

Gucomeka amashanyarazi mu rukuta rwurugo rudafite icyerekezo cyihariye cyo kwihererana (kizwi nka backfeeding) cyohereza amashanyarazi inyuma ukoresheje metero y'urugo rwawe muri transformateur yo kumuhanda, ukongerera ingufu za voltage zigera ku bihumbi ibihumbi bishobora gukora amashanyarazi kumurongo kandi bigatera umuriro murugo iyo amashanyarazi agarutse.

Inkomoko yagenzuwe¶

• Komisiyo ishinzwe umutekano w’ibicuruzwa by’Amerika (CPSC): * Umutekano wa Generator ushobora gutwara hamwe n’amabwiriza yo gukumira uburozi bwa Carbone Monoxide *.
• Ibigo bishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara (CDC, Amerika): * Uburozi bwa Carbone Monoxide Nyuma y’ibiza: Ubuyobozi bwa Clinical na Cleanarance *.
• Ishyirahamwe ry’igihugu rishinzwe kurinda umuriro (NFPA, Amerika): * NFPA 70 (Kode y’amashanyarazi y’igihugu) Ingingo ya 702 Sisitemu yo guhitamo ibyateganijwe hamwe na NFPA 720 Igipimo cyo gushyiraho Carbone Monoxide no kumenya ibikoresho byo kuburira *.
• Ubuyobozi bushinzwe umutekano n’ubuzima (OSHA, Amerika): * Gukoresha Imashini zitwara abantu mu mutekano mugihe cyo gukira nyuma yumuyaga *.
• Ubuzima n’umutekano Nshingwabikorwa (HSE) n’umutekano w’amashanyarazi Mbere (Ubwongereza): * Gukoresha neza Imashini itanga amashanyarazi hamwe nubutaka / Ibisabwa byo kwigunga *.

Kuyobora¶

• Guhumeka umwotsi hamwe na carbone monoxide uburozi ubufasha bwambere
• Carbone monoxide isohoka hamwe n'impuruza zo mu nzu
• Guhitamo no gushiraho imashini itanga amashanyarazi
• Umuriro w'amashanyarazi arcing hamwe n'ubushyuhe bukabije
• Urugo rwamashanyarazi umutekano hamwe nimbaraga zo gusubira inyuma
• Imibare yihutirwa ukurikije igihugu