UGutyulo oluNgxamisekileyo kunye noLungiselelo lwezindlu zangasese eziKhuselekileyo xa uMjelo ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka kunye neeNkqubo zaManzi zisilela¶

Xa inyikima enkulu iqhekeza imijelo ehambisa amanzi amdaka ephantsi komhlaba, izikhukula zintywilisela kwizikhululo zikamasipala zokunyusa amanzi amdaka, okanye ukucima umbane ixesha elide kumisa iimpompo zamanzi ezihlala kwiindawo zokuhlala, izindlu zangasese ezigungxulwayo ezisemgangathweni ziye zingasebenzi kwisithuba seeyure. Imbali ibonisa ukuba emva kwentlekele, iintsholongwane ezisemanzini kunye ne-fecal-oral pathogens, eziquka iVibrio cholerae, Shigella, Salmonella, i-Pathogenic Escherichia coli, i-norovirus, kunye ne-hepatitis A, zigula kwaye zibulale abantu abasindileyo ngaphezu kwesiphango sokuqala okanye ukungcangcazela ukuba inkunkuma yomntu ayigcinwanga ngokukhawuleza. Ukwazi ukuba ungayigalela nini na indlu yangasese xa uyivala xa kufuneka uyivale, ungayidibanisa njani i-Twin-Bucket Urine-Diverting toilet engenavumba, kunye nendlela yokuhlambulula izandla kunye nenkunkuma yokuya exesheni okanye yediaper ngaphandle kwamanzi abalekayo kugcina ikhaya lakho lingenasifo.

Yenza oku ngoku¶

1. Ungaze ugungxule indlu yakho yangasese (kwanangeemele yamanzi) ukuba imibhobho yogutyulo iqhekekile, ikhukulisekile, okanye ixhaswa. Emva kwenyikima, isaqhwithi, okanye izandyondyo zaselumelwaneni, imijelo ephantsi komhlaba ehambisa amanzi amdaka kunye nezikhululo zombane zokuhambisa ilindle zihlala zisilela. Ukugungxula inkunkuma iilitha ezi-6 (iilitha ezi-1.6) zamanzi kwaye kunyanzelela ugutyulo olukrwada ukuba luphume kumanzi amdaka akumgangatho ophantsi okanye kwiibhafu zabamelwane bakho ezikumgangatho osezantsi.
2. Guqula isitya sakho seporcelain esomileyo sendlu yangasese okanye ii-emele ezimbini ze-19-litre (5-gallon) zibe yindlu yangasese eyomileyo enemigca ngoko nangoko. Cima ivalve yonikezelo lwamanzi emva kwendlu yakho yangasese, gungxula kube kanye ukuze ukhuphe isitya kunye netanki, phakamisa isihlalo sendlu yangasese, rhola iindlwane ezimbini ezisindayo eziyi-30-to-50-litha (iingxowa ezi-8 ukuya kwi-1 ubuncinane). Iimicrons ezingama-38 ubukhulu) ngaphakathi kwesitya esomileyo, kwaye wehlise isihlalo phezu kwemiphetho yengxowa.
3. *Yahlula umchamo olwelo kwilindle eliqinileyo ("Uchama kwiBhakethi 1, iPoo kwiBhakethi 2"). Xa umchamo nelindle zixubana ngaphakathi kwingxowa yeplastiki okanye kwi-emele, ibhaktiriya ye-anaerobic ngoko nangoko iqhekeza iurea ibe yigesi egqabhukileyo yeammonia nehydrogen sulfide, idala ingozi yolwelo enzima, etyibilikayo, nenuka kakubi. Ukugcina umchamo olwelo kwijagi eyahlukileyo okanye kwi-emele kwilindle eliqinileyo kuphelisa i-90% yevumba langasese kwaye kunciphisa ubunzima bengxowa yenkunkuma ngama-80%.
4. Ggquma inkunkuma eqinileyo emva kokusetyenziswa ngakunye ngento egqume ikharbhon eyomileyo (ungaze ushiye ilindle lityhilekile). Galela i-250 ukuya kwi-500 millilitha (1 ukuya kwi-2 indebe) ye**iplanga zamaplanga ompayini ocinezelweyo, ukuchetywa kweplanga, ikhokhonathi (ipeat yekhokhonathi), i-peat moss, okanye i-kitty engaqhunyiswanga inkunkuma ngexesha ngalinye, umntu usebenzisa inkunkuma ngexesha ngalinye ukufuma, umntu usebenzisa inkunkuma emdaka ngexesha ngalinye. kunye nevumba elibi.
5. klzzwxh:0032 Ukuba imijelo kamasipala ehambisa amanzi aaka ehambisa amanzi emvula, amanzi amdaka akwingingqi ekrwada anokuyibuyisela umva indlela kwaye aphume kweyona migibe isezantsi ehambisa amanzi amdaka. Faka iraphu eshinyeneyo esongelwe kwingxowa yeplastiki (okanye uthulule iplagi yerabha eyandiswayo yokuvavanya imibhobho yamanzi) kwishawari engaphantsi nakwimisele yomgangatho, kwaye wenze ubunzima kwibhodi esicaba phezu kowona mgibe usezantsi wendlu yangasese.
6. Misa isikhululo esizinikeleyo se-"Tippy-Tap" okanye izitya ezimbini zokuhlambela izandla kanye ngaphandle komnyango wegumbi lokuhlambela. Kuba isicoci sesandla sotywala asi**** singabulali ngokuthembekileyo i-norovirus okanye i-Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) kwaye ayikwazi ukususa umhlaba omdaka esikhumbeni, bonelela ngesepha-na-manzi yokuhlamba izandla usebenzisa i-spigot yokuhlamba izandla ngamanzi (i-spigot)50 ppm) ecaleni kwe-60% ukuya kwi-80% yotywala ngesandla.

flowchart TD
    WaterOut["Ukucofa koxinzelelo lwamanzi okulahlekileyo okanye iNgcebiso yoGutyulo loGutyulo lukhutshiwe"] --> SewerCheck{"Ngaba uMbhobho woMbhobho ophantsi komhlaba ophantsi komhlaba ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka awuguquki kwaye awugalelwanga?"}
    SewerCheck -->|Yes: Short Power Outage Only, No Quake or Flood| GreyFlush{"Ngaba unamanzi amaninzi aManzi angaSelwayo (Ichibi, imvula, iCreek)?"}
    GreyFlush -->|Yes| PourFlush["Galela-Guqula Ngqo Kwisitya Sendlu Yangasese (Ungaze Usebenzise Amanzi Okusela)"]
    GreyFlush -->|No: Conserve Water| DryLine["Vala iValve yeNdlu yangasese, isitya sokukhupha amanzi, Guqulela kwiNdlu yangasese enemigca eyomileyo"]
    SewerCheck -->|No or Unknown: Earthquake, Flood, Surge, or High-Rise Stack| StopFlush["MUSA UKUGUQUKA: Plaga iMijelo ePhantsi ukuThintela ukuMpompoza kweLindle elikrwada"]
    StopFlush --> TwinBucket["Seta iSixokelelwano seToilet yeBhakethi eMabini (iBhakethi 1: Umchamo / i-emele 2: Iziqina)"]
    DryLine --> TwinBucket
    TwinBucket --> CoverMat["I-Cover Solids ene-1 ukuya kwe-2 yekomityi yePine Sawdust, iCoco Coir, okanye iKitty Litter"]
    CoverMat --> SealBag["Ibhegi ephindwe kabini, Gxotha umoya, iGoose-Neck Tape itywina, iVenkile kumgqomo wobungqina bezilwanyana ngaphandle"]

Umgaqo wesigqibo: xa unako "ukugalela" vs. xa kufuneka uhambe nge-100% yomile¶

Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba ngexesha lokuphuma kwamanzi, unokuthwala ibhakethi lamanzi okubhukuda okanye amanzi emvula kwindawo yokuhlambela kwaye ugalele kwisitya sendlu yangasese ukuze uhlambe. Ngelixa ** i-pour-flushing ** isebenza ngomatshini (ukugalela i-4 ukuya kwi-6 ilitha / i-1 ukuya kwi-1.5 iilitha zamanzi ngokukhawuleza kwisitya senza i-siphon efunekayo ukucima umgibe ngaphandle kokuzalisa itanki eliphezulu), ** ukwenza oko emva kweentlekele ezithile kubangela i-biohazard enzima ngaphakathi kwekhaya lakho **.

Uyakha kwaye usebenze njani iTwin-Bucket Emergency Toilet (Oregon RDNA / PHLUSH Standard)¶

Iinjineli zezempilo zikawonke-wonke e-*PHLUSH (Ucoceko lukaWonke-wonke Isivumela Ukuba Sihlale Singabantu)**, i-Ofisi ye-Oregon yoLawulo oluNgxamisekileyo, I-Arhente yoLawulo oluNgxamisekileyo yeSizwe yaseNew Zealand (NEMA), kunye ne-UMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (i-WHO) ucebisa Indlu yangasese eyomileyo enamaBhakethi amabini njengeyona nkqubo ikhuselekileyo, neyona nkqubo yococeko yasezidolophini ikhuselekileyo, neyona ndlela icocekileyo yekhaya.

Kutheni i-emele enye ingaphumeleli kwaye iibhakethi ezimbini ziphumelele¶

Umntu omdala osempilweni uvelisa malunga ne- 1.2 ukuya kwi-1.5 ilitha (40 ukuya kwi-50 yee-ounces eziwulwelo) zomchamo ezingamanzi ngosuku, oqhele ukuba yinyumba okanye uphantsi kakhulu kwi-pathogens kwaye unamanzi angama-95%, urea, kunye neetyuwa zeminerali. Ngokwahlukileyo, umntu omdala uvelisa kuphela 150 ukuya kwi-250 grams (ii-ounces ezi-5 ukuya kwezisi-9, malunga nomthamo wekomityi enye) yelindle eliqinileyo ngemini, equlathe iibhiliyoni zeebhaktheriya ze-enteric, iintsholongwane, kunye ne-protozoan cysts. - Xa uxuba umchamo kunye nelindle kwi-emele enye: I-enzayimu urease ekhoyo kwintsholongwane yelindle idibana ne-urea esemchamoni, ikhuphe amafu egesi ye-ammonia ngelixa idala iilitha ezili-10 (iilitha ezi-2.6) ngemini yogutyulo olunzima, oluthambekileyo, olosulelayo kusapho lwamalungu amane olungenako ukulahla inkunkuma kamasipala. - Xa usahlula umchamo (iBhakethi 1) kwilindle (iBhakethi 2): Umchamo unuka kancinci xa ubekwe wohlulwe kwaye unokuhlanjululwa okanye ulahlwe ngokulula, ngelixa ilindle eliqinileyo elingcwatywe phantsi kwekhabhoni yesawdust eyomileyo yoma ngokukhawuleza, ivumba njenge mulch yehlathi efumileyo, kwaye inobunzima obungaphantsi kwekhilogram enye (2.2 pounds) ngosuku kusapho luphela.

Inyathelo ngamanyathelo lokudityaniswa kweTwin-Bucket Toilet¶

Qokelela ezi zinto zingabizi kakhulu namhlanje kwaye uzigcine zidibene ngaphakathi kwigaraji yakho okanye kwigumbi lokuhlala: 1. Iibhakethi ezimbini ezisemgangathweni ze-19-litre (5-gallon) yokutya okanye i-hardware-store HDPE ibhakethi ** (malunga neesentimitha ezingama-37 / 14.5 intshi ubude, ezihambelana nokuphakama kwendlu yangasese yokuhlala). Faka ileyibhile kwi-emele yokuqala "IBHEKITHI 1: UMLILO KUPHELA (ULULEKILE)" kunye neyesibini i-emele "IBHEKITHI 2: I-SOLIDS & IPHEPHA KUPHELA." 2. Isivalo sesihlalo sendlu yangasese esingxamisekileyo esinye seplastiki (sifumaneka nakweyiphi na inkampu okanye ivenkile yehardware nge-\(10 ukuya kwi-15 yeedola), okanye wakhe isitulo esiphezulu usebenzisa umbhobho otyholwa ngogwebu otyhalelwe kumphetho weBhakethi lesi-2. 3. **Iibhegi zebhakethi ezinomthwalo onzima ze-Bucket 2 (Iziqina):** Stock umqulu we-*30-to-50-litre (8-to-13-gallon) iingxowa zenkunkuma ze-polyethylene zokontraka (ubuncinci yi-1.5 ukuya kwi-2.0 mil / 38 ukuya kwi-50 microns ezingqingqwa)** okanye i-compost ye-D6 ye-microns engqingqwa yi-0** okanye i-compost ye-D6 ye-bio iphedi yejeli efunxayo (efana ne *Doodie eDouble* okanye *i-WAG Bags*). Ungaze usebenzise iiplastiki zegrosari ezicekethekileyo, ezinemingxuma evuzayo kwindawo yazo esezantsi. 4. **Isixhobo seKhabhoni eyomileyo ("I-Bio-Absorbent"):** Gcina ingxowa enye ye-18-kilogram (40-pound) ye-*compressed pine wood stove pellets / iipellets zokulala zehashe** (zixabisa malunga ne-\)7 kuyo nayiphi na ihardware okanye ivenkile yasefama), ukucheba iinkuni ezingacocwanga, ikhoko, izitena ezingaxutywanga* inkunkuma** ecaleni kwesitya seplastiki esizinikeleyo.

Indlela yokusebenzisa iTwin-Bucket System emva kotyelelo ngalunye lokuhlambela¶

• NgeBhakethi 1 (Umchamo Kuphela, Akukho bhegi yeLiner):
• Galela 250 millilitha (1 ikomityi) yamanzi kunye 15 mililitha (icephe) yeviniga emhlophe okanye i-oyile yemifuno kumzantsi we-emele yomchamo yeplastiki engenanto (okanye usebenzise ijagi yamanzi eyi-20-litre / 5-gallon screw-top enefuneli ebanzi). Ifilim ebhityileyo yeoli yemifuno idada phezu komchamo, yenze itywina lolwelo olungangeni moya nelithi libambe ivumba lomchamo ngaphakathi kwibhakethi, ngelixa iviniga emhlophe ithoba ipH ukumisa ukumila kweammonia.
• Musa** ukuwisa iphepha langasese elisetyenzisiweyo kwi-emele yomchamo; lahla onke amaphepha endlu yangasese asetyenzisiweyo kwiBhakethi yesi-2 (eZiqina) okanye kumgqomo wenkunkuma onemigca eyahlukileyo ukuze umchamo ugalelwe ngokucocekileyo ngaphandle kokuvaleka.
• Khupha i-emele yomchamo kube kanye ngemini (jonga imigaqo yokulahlwa ekhuselekileyo ngezantsi) kwaye uhlambe ngokutshiza nge-1:10 yamanzi eblitshi ehlanjululweyo.
• NgeBhakethi 2 (Iziqina kunye nePhepha leNdawo yangasese, elinezingxobo kabini):
• Ibhakethi yomgca wesi-2 ene-**iingxowa ezimbini ezifakwe kwindlwane enzima ** kwaye ufefe umaleko we cushion 5-isentimitha (2-intshi) yomaleko womthi wompayina owomileyo, iipeliti zomthi ezandisiweyo, okanye ikhoyiri yekhoko ngaphaya kwengxowa engaphakathi phambi kokusetyenziswa kokuqala.
• Emva kokuzithuma, lahla iphepha lendlu yangasese elisetyenzisiweyo kwi-Bucket 2 kwaye ngoko nangoko ugqume yonke inkunkuma ebonakalayo kunye nephepha eline--1 ukuya kwii-2 iikomityi (ii-250 ukuya kwi-500 milliliters) zezinto ezomileyo zokugquma ikharbhon* kude kube kungabikho nto ibonakalayo.
• Sivale isivalo sendlu yangasese ekhawulezayo ukuze ungangeni iimpukane.

Ukuthelekisa izinto zokugquma ezomileyo kunye ne-coagulants yeekhemikhali¶

Ukugcinwa okukhuselekileyo okwexeshana kunye nokulahlwa kokugqibela kwenkunkuma yabantu¶

Nje ukuba ingxowa yakho yenkunkuma eqinileyo kwiBhakethi yesi-2 ibe sisiqingatha ukuya kwisibini esithathwini esigcweleyo (ungaze ugcwalise ingxowa ukuya kumphetho, okanye iya kubanzima kakhulu ukuyibopha kwaye ingagqabhuka), yisuse kwaye uyigcine usebenzisa i-Goose-Neck Double-Bag Seal: 1. Nxiba iiglavu ze-nitrile ezilahlwayo. 2. Fafaza i-2-komityi yokugqibela ye-sawdust eyomileyo okanye i-kitty litter phezu kwenkunkuma. 3. Hlanganisa intamo yesikhwama sangaphakathi, cinezela ngobumnene ukusuka ngaphandle ukuze ukhuphe umoya ogqithiseleyo (ngaphandle kokuphefumla kufuphi nokuvula), ujike umphezulu wesikhwama ugxininise kwi-spiral, usonge umsila ojijekileyo phezu kwayo kwi-U-turn (** "i-goose-neck" ), kwaye uyibophe ngokuqinileyo nge-tape tape okanye i-zip tie enzima. 4. Vala ibhegi yesibini yangaphandle usebenzisa i-goose-neck twist efanayo kunye nendlela yeteyiphu. 5. Beka ibhegi etywiniweyo ephindwe kabini ngaphakathi komgqomo wenkunkuma ozinikeleyo ** wobungqina bezilwanyana, umgqomo wenkunkuma wangaphandle oqinileyo okanye 120-litre (32-gallon) enzima yeplastiki yentsimbi ipeyintwe ngokucacileyo okanye iteyipiwe ngesilumkiso "Inkunkuma YOMNTU: BIOHAZARD, SUKUHLANGANISA NERECYCRING." Gcina lo mgqomo emva kwesango, inja itshixekile. iiraccoons, kwaye abantwana abanako ukuqhekeza iibhegi.

Ungawulahla njani umchamo kunye nezinto eziqinileyo ngexesha nasemva kwengxaki¶

• Ukulahla umchamo olwelo (iBhakethi 1):
• Ukuba uneyadi okanye isitiya: Nciphisa umchamo 5:1 okanye 10:1 ngamanzi angwevu (okanye ugalele angaxutywanga ngokujikeleziswa) kwingca ehonjisiweyo enengca, amatyholo angatyiwayo, iibhedi ezifuywe ngegrabile, okanye ujikeleze umsinga wokuthontsiza wemithi esele ikhulile ubuncinci *iimitha ezingama-30 (100, iqula okanye imifuno) kude nakweyiphi na igadi Iibhaktiriya ezenza i-nitrifying yomhlaba ziguqula ngokukhawuleza i-urea ibe yinitrogen yezityalo ngaphandle kwengozi yempilo yoluntu.
• Ukuba uhlala kwiflethi ekumgangatho ophezulu engenayadi: Kuphela ukuba umbhobho othe nkqo wesakhiwo uqinisekisiwe ukuba awugungxulwanga kwaye awugalelwanga kwimigangatho esezantsi, galela umchamo olwelo ezantsi kwidinki yokuhlambela okanye kumsele webhafu olandelwa yilitha enye yamanzi angwevu ukususa i-P-trap; ukuba isitakhi sombhobho wesakhiwo saphukile okanye sixhaswa, gcina umchamo kwiijagi zeplastiki ezitywiniweyo okanye uqinise ngejeli ye-polyacrylate ye-sodium efunxa kakhulu.
• Ukulahlwa kwelindle eliqinileyo (Iemele iingxowa ezi-2):
• Lindela izikhokelo zikamasipala zokuQokelelwa kweNkunkuma eNgxamisekileyo: Kwiindawo ezisezidolophini nasezidolophini, gcina inkunkuma eqinileyo enezingxobo kabini ngaphakathi komgqomo wakho wangaphandle onemigca ade umasipala wakho abhengeze ukuba ingaba iingxowa zezindlu zangasese ezingxamisekileyo ezineengxowa ezimbini zinokubekwa kwiilori eziqhelekileyo zokuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma (uninzi lweendawo zokulahla inkunkuma zamkela idiaper enengxowa ephindwe kabini okanye idiphu egcinwe kabini okanye iqokelele idiaper efakwe kabini okanye iqokelele inkunkuma yezilwanyana ezingxamisekileyo). inkunkuma yokulahla.
• Ukungcwatywa koMsele oNgxamisekileyo wasemaphandleni (Kuphela ukuba ungumnikazi womhlaba wasemaphandleni kunye noqokelelo lukamasipala lunqunyanyisiwe ixesha elide): Ukuba uhlala kwipropati yasemaphandleni kwaye kufuneka ungcwabe inkunkuma eqinileyo ngexesha lentlekele eyandisiweyo, yomba umsele omxinwa 0.6 ukuya kwi-1 yeemitha (2 ukuya kwi-3 inyawo) ubunzulu ebekwe ubuncinci iimitha ezingama-60 (iimitha ezingama-60) ukusela (2,000 ft) amanzi okusela ezantsi kunye nomthombo wemifuno, umgama osuka echibini, kunye nomthombo wemifuno ezantsi kunye nechibi igadi, kwaye ngaphezulu kwetafile yamanzi aphantsi komhlaba. Khulula inkunkuma kunye ne-biodegradable sawdust emseleni (musa ukungcwaba iingxowa zeplastiki ngaphandle kokuba unoziro ezinye iindlela zokugcina), gubungela idiphozithi nganye ngokukhawuleza 15 yeesentimitha (6 ii-intshi) zomhlaba oxineneyo, kwaye uvale umsele nge 45 centimeters (18 intshi) yomhlaba odityanisiweyo xa ufikelela kumphezulu we-45 yeesentimitha.

Ukuhlamba izandla kunye nococeko lomntu xa kungekho manzi etephu engekhoyo¶

Ngexesha likaxakeka lococeko, **izandla zakho zezona zithwala iintsholongwane ze-fecal ezincinci emlonyeni wakho, emehlweni, kunye nokutya **. Ngokutsho kwe-US Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) kunye ne-World Health Organization (WHO), i-sanitizer yesandla esekwe etywaleni (i-60% ukuya kwi-80% ye-ethanol okanye i-isopropanol) yongezelelo olubalulekileyo, ** kodwa i-alcohol hand gel yodwa ayikhuseli ngokuthembekileyo iintsholongwane ze-enteric ezingaguqukiyo ezifana ne-norovirus okanye i-hepatitis A, ayibulali i-spores, i-spores, kunye ne-bacterial

Ulwakha njani i-Two-Basin okanye i-"Tippy-Tap" indawo yokuhlamba izandla eyongayo (Isebenzisa kuphela i-50 mL yokuhlamba)¶

Ukuhlamba izandla phantsi kombhobho obalekayo wesiqhelo kuchitha iilitha ezi-4 ukuya kwezisi-8 (iilitha ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2) zamanzi ngokuhlamba. Endaweni yoko, yakha isikhululo sokuhamba komxhuzulane esihlamba izandla ngokucokisekileyo usebenzisa ngaphantsi kwe-50 ukuya kwi-100 millilitha (ii-ounces ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3)* zamanzi: 1. I-Pressurised Jug Spigot okanye iBhotile yePoke-Hole: Thatha ijagi yamanzi yeplastiki eyi-4-to-20-litha ecocekileyo (1-to-5-gallon) ecocekileyo enespigot esezantsi, okanye ugqobhoze umngxuma omncinci oziimilimitha ezi-2 kufutshane nomzantsi webhotile yeplastiki yesoda yeelitha ezi-2 ezaliswe ngamanzi acociweyo. - Indlela elisebenza ngayo iqhinga lebhotile ye-2-litre: Xa i-screw cap engaphezulu ijijekile iqinile, i-atmospheric vacuum ibamba amanzi ngaphakathi kwaye amathontsi athi zero avuze kumngxuma ongezantsi. Xa ukhulula ikepusi ephezulu ngokujika kwekota, umsinga wamanzi obhityileyo, ozinzileyo uphuma kumngxuma ongezantsi ukuze ukwazi ukumanzisa kwaye uhlambe izandla zozibini ngaphandle kokubamba isibambo sempompo emdaka; qinisa ikepusi ukumisa ukuhamba. 2. Yongeza i-50 ppm Chlorine kumanzi okuhlambela izandla zakho: Yongeza ¼ itispuni (1.25 millilitha, okanye amathontsi angama-25) ye-5% ukuya kwi-8.25% yeblitshi yeklorine yasekhaya engaxutywanga kwiilitha ezi-3.8 (igaloni enye yase-US) yamanzi acwengileyo kwijagi yakho yokuhlamba izandla. Oku mnene 50 ppm Isisombululo seklorini sicoca amanzi okuhlamba kwaye sinceda ukubulala iintsholongwane ezisezantsi ngexesha lokuhlanjululwa ngaphandle kokucaphukisa ulusu olusempilweni. 3. Landela i-5-step-Emergency yokuhlamba izandla: Izandla ezimanzi kunye ne-splash evela kwi-spigot, cima ukuhamba, gcoba ngamandla ngebha okanye isepha elulwelo imizuzwana engama-20 epheleleyo (ukukhuhla phantsi kweminwe naphakathi kweminwe), hlakula phantsi komlambo obhityileyo kwi-emele yokubambisa yamanzi angwevu ezantsi, ukwabelana ngephepha-manzi elomileyo ilaphu letawuli yesandla phakathi kwamalungu osapho ngexesha lokuphela kwamanzi, njengoko iitawuli zelaphu ekwabelwana ngazo zisasaza i-norovirus kusapho lonke ngeeyure), kwaye ugqibe ngempompo ye-70% yesicoci sesandla sotywala.

Ucoceko lokuya exesheni, iidiaper zabantwana, kunye nokuhlamba umzimba wonke ngaphandle kwamanzi abalekayo¶

• Ucoceko lokuya exesheni ngexesha lokungabikho kwamanzi: Musa ungasebenzisi iikomityi zokuya exesheni ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe okanye iipadi zelaphu ezihlambekayo ngexesha lokubilisa amanzi abilayo okanye ukunqongophala okukhulu kwamanzi ngaphandle kokuba unamanzi amaninzi abilisiwe ukubilisa ikomityi ye-silicone imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kwe-10 phakathi komjikelo kunye nokukhuhla izandla ngocoselelo phambi kokufakwa; ukufaka ikomityi ehlanjululwe emanzini angcolileyo okanye izandla ezingahlanjwanga kubeka umngcipheko omkhulu wokosuleleka kwi-pelvic okanye i-toxic shock syndrome. Gcina unikezelo lweentsuku ezingama-60 ze-iiphedi zecoceko ezilahlwayo ezingaqholwanga, izosuli zabantwana ezingaqholwanga, kunye neengxowa ezincinci zokulahla zip-top ezikwindawo yakho. ikhithi kaxakeka.
• Amanabukeni alahlwayo osana kunye nabantu abadala abangakwazi kuzibamba: Phambi kokuba uphose idiaper emdaka elahlayo kumgqomo wakho wenkunkuma otywiniweyo wangaphandle, vuthulula nasiphi na isitulo esiqinileyo esisuka kwidiaper sibe Ibhakethi lesi-2 (Iziqina) kwaye ugqume ngesawdust, emva koko qengqeleka idiaper ngokuqinileyo, khusela iithebhu, kwaye uyitywine ngaphakathi kwengxowa yesithintelo sentsholongwane. 'Yabona usana kunye nosana oluncinci lokuhamba kwingxowa kunye nesicwangciso sokuphuma.
• I-250-Milliliter (iKomityi e-1) yokuhlambela isiponji: Ukuthintela irhashalala eluswini, usulelo lomngundo, kunye nokugula kobushushu ngaphandle kokumosha amanzi, shushu 250 millilitha (1 ikomityi) yamanzi abilisiwe okanye acociweyo ngethontsi elithambileyo lokuhlambela umzimba (okanye isepha yecastile exutyiweyo) kwisitya. Sebenzisa amalaphu amabini acocekileyo okuhlamba: elinye lelobuso, intamo, isifuba, iingalo, nemilenze kuqala, kulandele amakhwapha, iinyawo, kunye negroin ekugqibeleni, okanye sebenzisa i-chlorhexidine e-pre-moistened okanye i-aloe no-rinse zosula esibhedlele*.

Ucoceko olungxamisekileyo kunye noluhlu lokutshekisha lweTwin-Bucket yangasese¶

Qokelela kwaye ugcine ikiti yakho yogutyulo lwekhaya ngaphakathi kweendlwana ezimbini ze-19-litre (5-gallon) iiemele namhlanje:

• Iibhakethi ezimbini ze-19-litre (5-gallon) enzima ye-HDPE ebhalwe ngokucacileyo IBHEKITHI 1: URINE kunye ne-IBHEKI 2: IZIQINISEKISO.
• Isiciko esinye sesihlalo sendlu yangasese esikhawulezileyo (kunye nebhotile yeoli yemifuno okanye iviniga emhlophe yokuvala umphunga webhakethi yomchamo).
• Imiqulu emibini ye-30-to-50-litre (8-to-13-gallon) umsebenzi onzima 1.5+ mil iingxowa zodoti zekontraka plus 12 iingxowa zangasese zangaphambili ze-WAG ezi-12 ze-Doodie zemoto kunye neebhegi zokuphuma.
• Ingxowa enye yeekhilogram eziyi-18 (iiponti ezingama-40) yeepellets zomthi wompayina ezicinezelweyo, iiplanga zokucheba, okanye izitena ezi-4 ezicinezelweyo zekhoyiri eneplastiki ezinikeleyo.
• **Umqulu omnye weteyiphu ekhanyayo kunye nezibophelelo ezinzima zeziphu ** (yokucofa izibambo zendlu yangasese yeporcelain kunye nentamo yerhanisi ukutywina iingxowa ezigcweleyo zenkunkuma).
• Iplagi enye yovavanyo lwerabha ekwandiswayo (i-intshi ezi-3 okanye i-intshi ezi-4 / 75 mm okanye i-100 mm) ukuplaga imisele yomgangatho ongaphantsi komjelo wokuphuma kwamanzi omdaka kamasipala.
• Izixhobo zococeko zifakwe ngaphakathi kwii-emele: Imiqulu emi-6 eyongezelelweyo yephepha lendlu yangasese elitywinwe kwiingxowa ze-Ziploc ezingangeni manzi, ibhokisi enye yeeglavu ze-nitrile ezili-100, iibhotile ezinkulu ezi-2 ze-70% yesicoci sesandla sotywala, iisepha ezi-2 zesepha yokulwa ne-antibacterial/castile, iipakethi ezi-3 zeempahla ezilahliweyo kunye nosana olulahliweyo. kunye namanabukeni.

Imibuzo edla ngokubuzwa¶

Imithombo ijongiwe¶

• UMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi kunye naManzi, iZiko lobuNjineli kunye noPhuhliso (WHO / WEDC, International): Amanqaku oBuchule kuManzi okuSela, uGutyulo kunye noCoceko kwiimeko eziNgxamisekileyo (Ukulahlwa kweLindle kwiimeko eziNgxamisekileyo kunye neziKhokelo zokuHlamba izandla).
• Ucoceko lukaWonke-wonke luSivumela ukuba sihlale siBuntu kunye ne-Ofisi yase-Oregon yoLawulo oluNgxamisekileyo (PHLUSH / OEM, eUnited States): Incwadi yangasese yeNgxaki yeBhakethi eNgxamisekileyo: Incwadi yangasese yasekhaya iPhambukisa uGutyulo olomileyo lweNgxaki kunye neeNtlekele zeMkhukula.
• Amaziko oLawulo noThintelo lweZifo (CDC, eUnited States): Amanzi ehlabathi jikelele, uGutyulo, kunye noCoceko (WASH) kwiiNgxaki eziNgxamisekileyo, Ukudala indlu yangasese eNgxamisekileyo yaseKhaya, kunye *Ukuhlamba izandla vs.
• I-Arhente yeSizwe yoLawulo oluNgxamisekileyo kunye ne-Ofisi yoLawulo lweNgxamiseko yeNgingqi yaseWellington (NEMA / WREMO, eNew Zealand): I-Long-Drop kunye ne-Two-Bucket Emergency Toilet Setup Emva kweenyikima.
• I-Arhente yoKhuseleko lweNdalo yase-United States (i-EPA, eUnited States): *IiNkqubo ze-Septic kunye ne-Sanitary Sewer ephuphumayo emva koMkhukula kunye neeNtlekele zeNdalo *.
• I-Sphere Association (i-International Humanitarian Charter): INcwadana yeSigaba: Ubuncinane beMigangatho yoBonelelo lwaManzi, ukuPhakanyiswa koGutyulo noCoceko (iMigangatho yoLawulo lweLindle).

Izikhokelo ezinxulumeneyo¶

• Bilisa izaziso zamanzi kunye nokhuseleko lwamanzi
• Ifulethi kunye nokulungiswa okungxamisekileyo okuphezulu
• Uluhlu lokujonga ikhithi yexesha likaxakeka
• Usana kunye nosana oluncinci lokuhamba kwibhegi kunye nesicwangciso sokuphuma
• Ukukhubazeka kunye neemfuno zonyango kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo
• Amanani kaxakeka