Skip to content

Ingozi yebhasi yesikolo, iNgxaki yohambo oluNgxamisekileyo, kunye nokuManyaniswa koMzali noMntwana

Amanani kaxakeka ayohluka ngokwamazwe. Eli phepha lisebenzisa u-911, inani laseMelika naseKhanada. Amanye amazwe amaninzi asebenzisa i-112, 999, okanye elinye inani. Fumana inombolo yelizwe lakho.

Nokuba ungumfundisi-ntsapho okanye umqhubi webhasi ulawula abantwana abangama-50 aboyikayo ngaphakathi kwebhasi yesikolo etyheli ezele ngumsi emva kokungqubana kohola wendlela, umfundisi othe waqaphela ukuba umfundi oneminyaka esi-7 uye wanyamalala ngexesha lohambo oluxineneyo lwasemyuziyam, okanye umzali efumana umyalezo oyoyikisayo ozenzekelayo wokuba ibhasi yesikolo yomntwana wakho ibe nenxaxheba kwingozi yemoto eyi-rollover kunye nemizuzu eyi-5 yokusinda. Iibhasi zesikolo zenziwe ngezihlalo eziphezulu zokufunxa amandla "zecompartmentalization" ezenza zibe yeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo yothutho lwabafundi phantsi kwemigangatho yeNational Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), nto leyo ethetha ukuba ukuhlala ngaphakathi ebhasini kukhuselekile kunokuphuma kwi-traffic esebenzayo kuninzi lweengozi ezincinci ukuya kweziphakathi. Nangona kunjalo, xa umlilo, ukuchitheka kwepetroli, ukuntywila, okanye induli engazinzanga, iinkokeli zabantu abadala kufuneka zikhuphe i-spli-second-second ekhuphela kwindawo yeqonga ubuncinci be-30 ukuya kwi-45 yeemitha (100 ukuya kwi-150 iinyawo) phezulu kwesithuthi.

Kwelinye icala lengxaki, abazali abaneenjongo ezintle abaleqa ngqo kwindawo yengozi yendlela enkulu okanye kwindawo yesikolo ekhutshiweyo badala imeko engxamisekileyo yesibini eyingozi: iimoto zabazali ezipakishiweyo zivalela iinjini zomlilo ezingenayo kunye neeambulensi, ngelixa abantu abadala abangagunyaziswanga bakhupha abantwana kwimigca yabafundi benza ukuba kube nzima ngamapolisa kunye namagosa esikolo ukuba azi ukuba umntwana olahlekileyo ugoduke uvalelwe ekhaya ngokukhuselekileyo ngumzali. Ngokulandela i- NHTSA / NASDPTS Iikhrayitheriya zokuPhuma kwiiBhasi zeSikolweni, JumpSTART Pediatric Mass-Casualty Triage Algorithm, Zero-Delay Missing Student Field Protocol , kunye I Love U Guys Foundation Standard Reunification Method (SRM), ootitshala, abaqhubi, abaqhubi, kunye nabazali bangakwazi ukugcina i-akhawunti ekhuselekileyo.

Yenza oku ngoku

  1. Fowunela ukuthunyelwa kongxamiseko ngoko nangoko kwaye uxele eyona ndawo kunye nenani labafundi. Ukuba kukho ingozi yebhasi yesikolo okanye umntwana oneemfuno zonyango okanye ubudala ulahlekile kuhambo lwasendle, fowunela inombolo yakho kaxakeka yasekuhlaleni (911 eUnited States naseKhanada, 112 ngaphesheya kweEuropean Union, 999 eUnited Kingdom, okanye ubone zonke amanani kaxakeka) okokuqala, emva koko uthutho lothutho lukanomathotholo; chaza isiphawuli semayile yehola wendlela okanye izitalato ezinqumlayo, elona nani lichanekileyo labantwana abakhweleyo, kunye nawo nawaphi na amanxeba abonakalayo okanye iingozi.
  2. klzzwxh:0030 Ngaantsi kwe-NHTSA kunye nezikhokelo zezothutho zikarhulumente, gcina abafundi ngaphakathi kwekheji yentsimbi ekhuselayo yebhasi ngaphandle kokuba: (a) kukho umlilo obonakalayo, umsi, okanye umzila wamafutha ovuzayo, (b) ibhasi ime kumzila kaloliwe ohamba kumzila kaloliwe ohamba kumzila kaloliwe ohamba kumzila kaloliwe ohamba emanzini okanye kwindlela ehamba emanzini. iliwa/uthango olungazinzanga, okanye (d) kukho intambo yombane eyehliweyo okanye ukuchitheka kweekhemikhali eziyingozi ezifuna ukufuduswa kwendlela yomoya.
  3. Ungaze wehle kwibhasi yesikolo ukuba intambo yombane eyehliweyo ichukumisa umzimba webhasi. Ukuba ipali yoncedo okanye ucingo olunombane ophezulu wombane luwela phezu kwebhasi yesikolo, umzimba webhasi yentsimbi unokuba namandla ngamawaka eevolthi ngelixa amatayara erabha ekhusela ngaphakathi; yalela wonke umntwana ukuba ahlale kude neendonga zentsimbi ide inkampani iqinisekise ukuba umgca ucinywe amandla (bona iintambo zombane ezehliweyo kunye nombane wesithuthi).
  4. Susa abafundi abafudusiweyo ubuncinane kangangeemitha ezingama-30 ukuya kwezingama-45 (iinyawo ezili-100 ukuya kwezili-150) endleleni kunye ne-UPWIND. Xa ukhupha ibhasi yesikolo ngomnyango wangaphambili, ngocango olungemva olungxamisekileyo, okanye ngezikhewu zophahla, khokela abafundi kwifayile enye ecace gca kwiindlela ezizayo, ubuncinane iimitha ezingama-30 (iimitha eziyi-100) ukuba kukho umlilo (kunye neemitha eziyi-100) kunye nomlilo oziimitha eziyi-300 (kunye neemitha eziyi-300) kunye nomlilo. incwadi yokuzimasa eprintiweyo kunye nekiti yamayeza kaxakeka ebhasini nawe.
  5. Ukuba umfundi ulahlekile kuhambo lwasendle, yazisa ukhuseleko lwendawo kunye namapolisa ngo-Minute Zero. Ungaze uchithe imizuzu engama-20 ngokuzolileyo ugqogqa imyuziyam, ipaki yemidlalo, okanye i-trailhead uwedwa phambi kokwazisa abasemagunyeni; ngokukhawuleza uvale iqela lakho labafundi kunye nomphathi wesibini, unike ukhuseleko lwendawo umntwana inkcazo yempahla echanekileyo kunye nesithombe se-smartphone yosuku olunye ukuqala ** "Ikhowudi Adam" yokutshixa umnyango **, kwaye ufowunele ukuthunyelwa kukaxakeka.
  6. Bazali: yiyani kwiNdawo echongiweyo yoManyano lweNdawo ene-ID yefoto, UNGAZE uye kwindawo yengozi yendlela enkulu. Ungaze uqhubele egxalabeni lengozi yengozi yohola wendlela okanye ubambe umntwana wakho umkhuphe kumgca wohambo ngaphandle kokutyikitya igosa elithi Ishicilelo lokuKhupha ukuManyaniswa kwakhona; ukususwa komzali okungagunyaziswanga kuvusa i-alamu yobuxoki ye-Amber kunye nokunyanzela abacimi-mlilo ukuba babeke ubomi babo esichengeni bekhangela inkunkuma yomntwana osele ehleli emotweni yakho.

Kutheni abazali bekhupha abantwana ngaphandle komgca ngaphandle kokuphuma kubangela iintlekele zesibini

Ngexesha lengozi yebhasi yesikolo okanye ukukhutshwa kwekhampasi, utitshala ngamnye kunye nochwepheshe bezonyango olungxamisekileyo baxhomekeke ku-I-Master Student Roster ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-100 pesenti yabantwana ingaphandle kwengozi. Ukuba abafundi be-42 bebekwi-Bus # 14, kwaye abazali ababini aboyikayo babalekela kwingca esecaleni kwendlela, babambe abantwana babo, baze baqhubele kude kwiklinikhi yendawo okanye ekhaya ngaphandle kokujonga kunye noMlawuli wesiganeko, inani le-roster liyehla ukuya kwi-40. Abasebenzi bokuhlangula kufuneka bacinge ukuba abo bantwana babini abangabalulekanga bakhutshelwa emhadini, bavaleleka phantsi kwe-ambulensi, okanye babanjwe phantsi kwe-ambulensi, okanye ukukhangela i-ambulensi. abafundi abonzakeleyo. Nokuba umi kumgama oziimitha ezi-3 (iinyawo ezili-10) ukusuka kumntwana wakho ongenzakaliyo kwindawo yengozi, ungaze umsuse de abe abezomthetho kunye negosa lesikolo liqinisekise isazisi sakho sefoto kwaye lijonge igama lakhe kwi-master manifest.

Ingozi yebhasi yesikolo, uhambo olungxamisekileyo lohambo, kunye nomthi wesigqibo sokuhlanganiswa kwabazali

flowchart TD
    Start["Ingozi Yebhasi Yesikolo, Ukwahlulwa Kohambo Lwentsimi, okanye Kwenzeka Ingxaki Engekho Kwikhampasi"] --> CrisisType{"Yeyiphi imeko engxamisekileyo engundoqo?"}

    CrisisType -->|"Imeko A: Ukutshayisana kwebhasi yeSikolo / Ukuqhekeka"| PowerLineCheck{"Ngaba iintambo zombane ezehliweyo ziyachukumisa okanye zikufuphi nebhasi?"}
    PowerLineCheck -->|"Ewe"| StayInBusElec["MUSA UKUPHUMA (Ngaphandle kokuba ibhasi iyavutha)<br/>Bagcine behleli bonke abafundi; ukuchukumisa inyathelo lebhasi + umhlaba = i-electrocution ebulalayo<br/>Fowuna 911 / 112 / 999 kwaye ulinde abasebenzi ukuba banciphise umgca"]

    PowerLineCheck -->|"Hayi"| EvacCheck{"Ngaba iSixhobo sokuPhuma esiSinyanzelo sikhona?<br/>1. Umlilo, umsi, okanye ukuvuza kwepetroli?<br/>2. Imile kumzila kaloliwe?<br/>3. Amanzi antywiliselwe emanzini okanye ingozi yokuncama?<br/>4. Umngcipheko wokungqubana kwegophe eliphezulu ngesantya esiphezulu?"}

    EvacCheck -->|"EWE nakweyiphi na"| ExecuteEvac["Yenza uKhupho lweBhasi yeSikolo ngoko nangoko (Ithagethi < 90 Imizuzwana):<br/>1. Umqhubi / uMfundisi ubamba iRoster + Epinephrine / Inhaler Medical Kit<br/>2. Khetha uMcango wangaphambili, uMcango ongemva, okanye uPhulo lokuHlukaniswa (Kude nengozi)<br/>3. Yabela abaNcedisi aba-2 abadadlana ngaphandle komnyango ongasemva ukuba babambe abantwana abatsibayo<br/>4. Hambisa iqela lama-30 ukuya kuma-45 eemitha (100 ukuya kwi-150 iinyawo) PHEZULU uphume endleleni"]

    EvacCheck -->|"HAYI (Ibhasi ezinzileyo, ingozi encinane/ephakathi, indlela ekhuselekileyo)"| ShelterInBus["IShelter Ngaphakathi kwiNdawo yokuHlanganisa iBus yentsimbi<br/>Vula izibane eziyingozi & ubeke oonxantathu ababonakalisayo kwi-3m, 30m, kunye ne-60m<br/>Qhuba isihlalo-nge-situlo somonzakalo & ufowunele 911 / EMS"]

    ExecuteEvac --> TriageAndRoster["1. Thatha uMnxeba woQoqosho ngokuchasene noluhlu olubhaliweyo ngoko nangoko<br/>2. Yenza i-JumpSTART Uvavanyo lwabantwana kunye nokulawula ukopha kakhulu <br/>3. Gcina abafundi abangonzalanga kunye kwi-EMS yoThutho lwaBantwana / uKhupho"]
    ShelterInBus --> TriageAndRoster

    CrisisType -->|"Imeko B: Umntwana Olahlekileyo kuhambo lwasendle"| CodeAdam["IPROTOKALI YOMFUNDI ESINGAPHOSEKIYO ZERO:<br/>1. Beka abafundi abaseleyo kwindawo enye kunye nomncedi wesibini<br/>2. Lumkisa uKhuseleko lweNdawo ngokukhawuleza -> Qalisa 'iKhowudi kaAdam' Phuma isitshixo<br/>3. Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 / 112 / 999 ngeFoto yeQela lasekuseni + Inkcazo yeMpahla<br/>4. Jonga iingozi zamanzi, izindlu zangasese, iivenkile zezipho, & nokuma kuqala"]

    CrisisType -->|"Imeko C: Umzali ofumana iNgxaki / isilumkiso sokuPhuma"| ParentSRM["Landela iNdlela yoManyano oluPhakathi (SRM):<br/>1. SUKUkuqhuba uye kwindawo yengozi esebenzayo okanye ufowunele iseli yomqhubi webhasi<br/>2. Yiya kwiNdawo yoManyano olusemthethweni eneSazisi seFoto sikaRhulumente<br/>3. Gqibezela iKhadi lokuDityaniswa -> Linda kwindawo yoMzali yokuLawula <br/>4. Sayina iRegi yokuKhululwa ngokusemthethweni kunye nokuThatha uMntwana ukuze kujongwe ukulibaziseka-kweNxulumano"]

Inqanaba loku-1: Ngaphakathi kwibhasi yesikolo, uhlala nini ngaphakathi vs. indlela yokuphuma kwimizuzwana engama-90

Imigangatho yokhuseleko lwemoto ye-Federal (** FMVSS No. 220, 221, kunye ne-222 ** eUnited States kunye ** Imigangatho yeTransport Canada CMVSS ) ifuna ukuba iibhasi zesikolo zakhiwe ngefreyimu yokukhusela i-heavy-gauge rollover, iirivets ezihlangeneyo eziphezulu, kunye nezihlalo ezifakwe ngokusondeleyo ("i-compartmentalization"). Ngenxa yokuba ngaphakathi ebhasini yesikolo liqokobhe elikhuselayo, ukukhupha abantwana besikolo samabanga aphantsi abangama-50 ukuya egxalabeni lendlela yesantya eyi-100 km/h (65 mph) emvuleni okanye kwinkungu kudla ngokubeka abantwana emngciphekweni omkhulu wokuchatshazelwa zizithuthi ezizayo kunokuba bahlale behleli ngaphakathi ebhasini.

Izinto ezi-5 zokuPhuma okuSinyanzelo eziQhathayo vs. I-Shelter-in-Place

Isimo somboniso Isigqibo esikhawulezileyo: Phuma okanye uhlale ngaphakathi? Ukuzalisekiswa okuBuchule okuchanekileyo kunye nomgama woKhuseleko
1. Umlilo, umsi obonakalayo, okanye iFuel evuzayo ** PHUMELA NGOKUNGOKO ** (Ithagethi phantsi kwe-90 ukuya kwimizuzwana eyi-120). Sebenzisa indlela yokuphuma ekude nomlilo/umsi (ukuba igumbi le-injini liyatshaya, sebenzisa i-Ucango oluNgxamisekileyo lwangasemva; ukuba itanki yamafutha yangasemva igqabhukile, sebenzisa umnyango weNkonzo yangaPhambili). Khokela abafundi ubuncinane 45 ukuya 100 yeemitha (150 ukuya 330 iinyawo) UPWIND kunye UPHILL ukusuka kumafutha avuzayo.
2. Ibhasi imile kumzila kaloliwe PHUMELA NGOKUNGOKO (Musa ukuchitha ixesha uzama ukuqalisa injini kwakhona). Bakhuphe bonke abafundi ngoko nangoko kwaye ubaleke nge-45-degree-engile KUDE kwimizila, uhamba kwicala lakuwo nawuphi na uloliwe osizayo* (ukuba uloliwe ubetha ibhasi, inkunkuma ibhabha phambili ecaleni kwendlela; ukubaleka ukuya kwicala likaloliwe ozayo nge-engile ye-45-degree kugcina abantwana bengekho kwicone yobutyobo obubhabhayo). Fowunela umzila kaloliwe 1-800 inombolo kaxakeka iposwe kwi blue **ENS uphawu ** ekuweleni.
3. Umgca waMandla oPhantsi uchukumisa ibhasi HLALA NGAPHAKATHI EBHASI (Ngaphandle kokuba ibhasi iyatsha). Yalela bonke abafundi: "Gcina izandla zakho ngaphakathi kweefestile kwaye ungachukumisi iindonga zentsimbi." Ukuba umlilo unyanzelisa ukufuduka ngelixa unamandla, abafundi kufuneka batsibe ukusuka kwinqanaba eliphezulu ngeenyawo zombini kunye, bangaze babambe isiporo sebhasi yentsimbi kunye nomhlaba ngaxeshanye, kwaye tshixiza okanye batsibe ngeenyawo kunye ubuncinane 15 yeemitha (iinyawo eziyi-50)* ubude beemitha ezili-15***
4. Ukuntywiliselwa emanzini okanye kwiLedge enobungozi PHUMA NGOKUQAPHELELEYO ngecala elikhuselekileyo, iifestile, okanye IiHatshi zokuPhuma eluphahleni. Ukuba ibhasi ichwechwela phezu kwebhulorho okanye udonga, cela abafundi batshintshe kancinane baye kwicala elinyukayo kwaye baphume kumqolo omnye ngexesha ukuze iishifti zobunzima zingayicebisi ibhasi. Ukuba ungena emanzini anzulu (bona imoto emanzini), iifestile ezivulelekileyo zokutyhala ezisecaleni kunye neziHatshi eziNgxamisekileyo zeRoof ngokukhawuleza phambi kokuba uxinzelelo lwamanzi luqhoboshele iingcango.
5. I-Fender-Bender encinci / iModere kwiTrafikhi eSebenzayo (Akukho Mlilo, akukho kuvuza kwamafutha) HLALA NGAPHAKATHI EBHASINI de amapolisa kunye neeyunithi zoMlilo zivale iindlela zokuhamba. Cwangcisa isiqhoboshi sokupaka, cima umbane, uvule izibane eziyingozi ze-4, kwaye ubeke ** ezintathu ze-bi-directional ezibonisa isilumkiso koonxantathu** (kwiimitha ezi-3 / 10 iinyawo, 30 yeemitha / 100 iinyawo, kunye ne-60 yeemitha / 200 iinyawo ngasemva / phambi kwebhasi nge-3 ** 922 CFR * ).

Uphumeza njani uMcango oNgxamisekileyo ongasemva okanye ukukhutshwa kwe-Roof Hatch ngokukhuselekileyo

Ngenxa yokuba umgangatho wohlobo C okanye ibhasi yesikolo yoHlobo D uhlala 1.0 ukuya kwi-1.2 yeemitha (3.5 ukuya ku-4 iinyawo) ukusuka kwipavumente, abantwana abancinci aboyikayo baze batsibe kuqala bephuma kucango olungxamisekileyo olungemva bahlala bechatshazelwa sisandla, ukwenzakala ebusweni, okanye ukwenzakala entloko kwiasphalt:

  1. Sebenzisa "Abancedisi babafundi" ababini Abaqeqeshiweyo Kuqala: Lonke uqheliselo lokufuduswa kwebhasi yesikolo lumisela abafundi ababini abadala, abanobuchule ngokwasemzimbeni abahleli kufutshane nocango olungemva lukaxakeka. Aba bancedisi babini baphuma kuqala baze beme kwipavumente emacaleni omabini omnyango ongasemva bolule iingalo zabo.
  2. Indlela yokuPhuma ngasemva ethi "Hlala uze uSlayide": Yalela abafundi abaphuma kumnyango ongasemva ukuba bashiye bonke oobhaka, izixhobo zokusebenza, kunye neebhokisi zesidlo sasemini emgangathweni (oobhaka bajame iipaseji ezimxinwa kunye nokukrazuka kwiiletshi zocango). Umntwana ngamnye kufuneka ahlale phantsi kumphetho womgangatho ongasemva, abeke izandla zakhe emagxeni abancedisi ababini bangaphandle, aze atyibilike aye ezinyaweni zabo, ngoko nangoko ahambe aye kwindawo ephawulweyo emiselweyo kumgama oziimitha ezingama-30 (iinyawo ezili-100).
  3. ** Ungaze Ushukumise Ukulimala Komnqonqo Ngaphandle Kokuba Ukufa Okusondeleyo Kusongela **: Ngexesha lokuvavanywa kwesihlalo-ngesitulo, ukuba umfundi akakho zingqondweni okanye uxela iintlungu zentamo, iintlungu zangasemva, okanye ukubetha kwemilenze (bona ukwenzakala entloko kwaye amathambo aphukileyo kunye ne-sprains), zigcine zingenakunyakaziswa kwindawo yee-paramedics ** ngaphandle kokuba ** umlilo, umsi, okanye ukuntywila kwamanzi kufuna i-axis straight-axis drag engxamisekileyo ukuze basindise ubomi babo.

Inqanaba lesi-2: Uvavanyo lwengozi enkulu yabantwana kunye nemvume yonyango kwindawo yengozi

Xa iiNkonzo zoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (EMS) zifika kwingozi yebhasi yesikolo ebandakanya abantwana abangama-30 ukuya kwangama-60, aboncedo lokuqala kunye nabasebenzi besikolo kufuneka balungise ngokukhawuleza ukwenzakala okusongela ubomi okuvela kwizigingqi ezingephi ngelixa kusenziwa ingxelo ngomfundi ngamnye okwimanifest yezothutho.

1. I-EMS isebenzisa njani i-JumpSTART Pediatric Triage

Ii-Paramedics zisebenzisa i- JumpSTART Pediatric Multi-Casualty Triage System ukwahlula abafundi ngokweendidi ezine eziphambili ezinombala: - OKULUHLAZA (Okuncinci / "Okuhamba Ungxwelerhekile"): Abafundi abakwaziyo ukuhamba baze balandele imiyalelo elula babhekiswa kwi-Green Triage Corral* ephantsi kweliso nootitshala/abakhapha endleleni ukuya kuvavanyo lwasesekondari. - UMTHULU (Ulibazisekile): Abafundi abangakwaziyo ukuhamba ngenxa yokwaphuka okanye ukwenzakala okuphakathi, kodwa babe nokuphefumla okuzinzile (i-15 ukuya kwi-45 yokuphefumla ngomzuzu), i-pulse peripheral pulse, kunye nesimo sengqondo esifanelekileyo (A okanye V kwi AVPU Isikali: Isilumkiso okanye ukusabela kwiLizwi). - ** RED (Ngokukhawuleza / esongela ubomi) **: Abafundi abaneendlela zomoya ezithintelweyo, ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza kune-45 okanye ukucotha kunokuphefumula kwe-15 ngomzuzu, ukopha okukhulu okungalawulwayo (sebenzisa uxinzelelo oluthe ngqo okanye i-tourniquet ngokukhawuleza; bona ukopha kakhulu), i-pulse ye-peripheral engekhoyo, okanye i-neurological status etshintshileyo (isabela kuphela kwi-Pain P okanye Ukungaphenduli U). - UMNYAMA (Okulindelekileyo / I-Apneic emva kwe-5 Rescue Breaths): Ngokungafaniyo ne-Triage yabantu abadala, ukuba umntwana we-apneic (ongaphefumli) usene-pulse epholileyo emva kokuvula indlela yakhe yokuphefumula, i-JumpSTART inika umntwana i-5 yokuphefua ukuhlangula ** kuqala; ukuba ukuphefumla okuzenzekelayo kuyabuya, ziphawulwe RED (Kwangoko).

2. Kutheni i-EMS isoloko ithutha abafundi "abangenzanga" esibhedlele ukuze bafumane imvume yonyango

Abazali bavame ukudideka xa isithili sesikolo sibhengeza ukuba bonke abantwana be-35 kwibhasi yesikolo ephazamisekile bahanjiswa nge-ambulensi okanye ibhasi yokuhlangula ukuya kumasebe amabini ongxamisekileyo esibhedlele, nokuba ngaba i-25 yabantwana ibonakala ingenakulimala ngokupheleleyo. - I-Unaccompanied Minor Liability & Occult Injury Rule: Abancinci abanako ukusayina ngokusemthethweni "Ngokuchasene neNgcebiso yezoNyango (AMA) / Ukwala i-EMS Transport" ukuyekelela ngokwabo kwindawo yengozi yendlela, kunye nokulimala kwangaphakathi kwabantwana (okufana nokulibaziseka ukopha kwe-splenic, ukukhula-iplate fractures, okanye i-mask adrenaline ye-postcracine yokuqala) Iiyure ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4. - Ngaphandle kokuba umzali uvunyiwe ngokwenyama kwindawo yokukhangela ukuhlanganiswa okusemthethweni kwi-scene ukuze asayine i-EMS yokwala ukwala kwabantwana kumntu, iiprothokholi ze-EMS kwiindawo ezininzi zigunyazisa ukuthutha abantwana kwi-hub ye-triage hub esibhedlele apho oogqirha abangxamisekileyo babavavanya kwaye babakhulule ngokuthe ngqo kubazali babo.

Inqanaba lesi-3: Uhambo oluNgxamisekileyo lweSibophelelo kunye noMfundi olahlekileyo ("Ikhowudi kaAdam") yeProtocol

Uhambo lwasendle luyasilela xa kufike intlekele kwaye ekuphela kwekopi yeenombolo zomnxeba zomzali womfundi, imiqathango yogcino, kunye nezicwangciso zokwaliwa zitshixelwe ngaphakathi kwiofisi yesikolo ekwiikhilomitha ezingama-80 (iikhilomitha ezingama-50) kude, okanye xa umkhapheli efumanisa ukuba umntwana ulahlekile kumyezo wezilwanyana oxakekileyo aze achithe imizuzu engama-25 ebalulekileyo ejikeleza ebakhangela ngaphambi kokuba acele uncedo.

Yintoni ekufuneka utitshala ngamnye ayiphathe kwi-Physical & Digital Field Trip Go-Pack

Phambi kokuba nayiphi na ibhasi iphume kwindawo yokupaka yesikolo, uMfundisi oNkokeli kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba baphethe isibophelelo sokungangeni manzi IiField Trip Emergency Binder (kunye nePDF efihliweyo egcinwe kwi-cache kwifowuni yabo) equlethe:

  • 1. Iikopi ezintathu zeLive Boarding Roster: Ungaze uxhomekeke kuluhlu lwesiliphu semvume eprintwe kwangaphambili; thatha ubalo lomzimba njengoko abafundi benyathela ebhasini kwaye ushiye Khuphela #1 kunye neofisi enkulu yesikolo phambi kokuba uhambe, nika Ikopi #2 kumqhubi webhasi, kwaye uphathe Ikopi #3 kwibhodi eqhotyoshwayo kaTitshala oKhokelayo.
  • **2. Iqela le-Same-Day Morning Group & Chaperone-Group Smartphone Photos **: Nje ukuba abafundi bahlanganisene kusasa (phambi kokukhwela okanye kanye ngaphandle kwendawo), umqhubi ngamnye athathe ** ifoto ecacileyo ye-smartphone egcweleyo yabafundi babo aba-5 ukuya kwisi-8 **. Ukuba umntwana ulahlekile kwiiyure ezi-3 emva koko, ukuphakuzela kwenza abantu abadala balibale ukuba zeziphi izicathulo zombala okanye ibhatyi umntwana awayeyinxibile; enika amapolisa neendawo zokhuseleko umfanekiso othathwe ngaloo ntsasa ubonisa isinxibo, iinwele, ubhaka kunye nobude bexesha lokukhangela lomntwana ngama-80 ekhulwini.
  • 3. IMvume yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo kunye nePhepha leSilumkiso seSilumkiso: Iikopi zogunyaziso olusayiniweyo lonyango olungxamisekileyo lwabazali, iinkcukacha ze-inshorensi yezempilo, kunye nayo nayiphi na IiMiyalelo eThintelweyo yeNkundla yoSapho / uThintelo lwaBazali abangaGwanga ukuze umkhaphi angamkhululi ngempazamo umfundi aye kwisizalwane esingagunyaziswanga kwindawo yendibano.
  • 4. Isingxobo soNyango oluNgxamisekileyo loMfundi (Ungaze Ushiye Luvalelwe eBus): Ibhegi yonyango ebomvu ebomvu ebomvu ethwelwe nguMfundisi oyiNkokeli okanye uMhlengikazi woHambo lweNdawo equlethe wonke umfundi obhalwe I-Epinephrine Auto-Injector (EpiPens), I-Albuterol Rescue Inhalers, Glucagon / Diabetes, Rescue kunye neRescue Supplies* Amayeza** (bona Impendulo ye-anaphylaxis yesikolo, ukufikelela kwi-epinephrine, kunye nezicwangciso ze-504 ezingxamisekileyo). Ukushiya umntwana u-EpiPen etshixelwe ngaphakathi kwibhasi yesikolo engenanto epakwe umgama oyikhilomitha enye (0.6 yeemayile) kwindawo yebhasi enkulu ngelixa iklasi isitya isidlo sasemini ngaphakathi kwimyuziyam kunokuba yingozi.

IProtokholi yoMntwana oLahlekayo iZero kuhambo lwasendle (imizuzu 0 ukuya kowe-15)

Ukuba ujongane nomhlobo okanye ubalo lwentloko lufika mfutshane nkqu ngomntwana omnye:

  1. Umzuzu 0 ukuya ku-2 (Yenza iQela kwaye ujonge iMizobo eKhawulezayo):
  2. Misa kwangoko bonke abanye abafundi kwiqela elinye elihleli phantsi kweliso lomkhapheli wesibini omdala ukuze ungaphulukani ngumntwana wesibini ngexesha lesiphithiphithi.
  3. Biza ngokuvakalayo igama lomntwana (ungaze usebenzise imfihlo ethi "stranger-danger" xa usetsha; khwaza igama lakhe kunye nenkcazo) kwaye ujonge iindawo zokuthengisela ezikufutshane kunye negumbi lokugqibela elityelelwe kumgama weemitha ezingama-30 (iinyawo ezili-100).
  4. Umzuzu 2 (Yazisa uKhuseleko lweNdawo ukuze uqalise ukuTshixwa kwe-"Code Adam"):
  5. Phawula unogada wemyuziyam okufutshane, umgcini wepaki, okanye umsebenzi wokuthengisa okanye ufowunele idesika yokhuseleko yendawo kwaye uthi: "Sinomntwana olahlekileyo kwiqela lesikolo, vula iKhowudi ka-Adam ngoko nangoko."
  6. Yayilwa ngo-1994 kwaye yagunyaziswa kuzo zonke izakhiwo zomdibaniso (phantsi komanyano Ikhowudi Adam Act ka-2003, 34 U.S.C. 21301) kunye namawakawaka emyuziyam, iindawo zogcino-zilwanyana, iipaki zemixholo, kunye namaziko okuthenga kwihlabathi jikelele,Ikhowudi Adam ngoko nangoko yabela abasebenzi bendawo ukuba bagade ucango lwabantu abadala, beshiya ucango lwangaphandle baphume bashiye ucango oluphuma ngaphandle isakhiwo esinomntwana esihambelana nenkcazo ngelixa ujonga izindlu zangasese kunye neepaseji ezingasemva.
  7. Umzuzu 3 ukuya ku-5 (Fowunela 911 / 112 / 999 kwaye ujonge iiNgozi zoMngcipheko oMkhulu kuqala):
  8. Tsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yakho yexesha likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza, ingakumbi ukuba umntwana ungaphantsi kweminyaka eli-10 ubudala, une-Autism Spectrum Disorder (umngcipheko omkhulu wokubhadula/ukuphambukela emanzini), okanye unemeko yezempilo.
  9. Abaphandi ngokuthe ngqo bajonge imizimba yamanzi (amachibi, imithombo, imilambo, amachibi), izinyusi, izitepusi ezizihambelayo, iivenkile zezipho, kunye nebhasi yesikolo emileyo kuqala.
  10. Umzuzu 5 ukuya ku-10 (Yazisa iNqununu yeSikolo):
  11. Nje ukuba u-911 kunye noKhuseleko lweNdawo zikhangelwe ngokuqhubekayo, tsalela iNqununu yeSikolo ukuze ikomiti yesithili yonxunguphalo ilungiselele inkxaso kwaye iququzelele ukwaziswa kwabazali nabomthetho.

ISigaba sesi-4: ISicwangciso sokuSebenza saBazali, silandela iNdlela yokuDityaniswa koMgangatho (SRM)

Xa ifowuni yakho ikhala okanye ikhala kunye nesilumkiso sesikolo esichaza ukuba ibhasi yesikolo yomntwana wakho itshayisile okanye uhambo lwabo lwasendle lukhutshiwe ngenxa yemeko engxamisekileyo, lonke ithuku lebhayoloji likuxelela ukuba utsibe emotweni yakho, ukhawuleze uye kuhola wemayile umakisha okanye kwindawo, kwaye ubaleke unyuke uye kwiteyiphu etyheli. Ukuqonda indlela amapolisa kunye nezithili zesikolo eziqhuba ngayo iSiza soManyano olusemthethweni kuya kufumana umntwana wakho ezingalweni zakho kabini ngokukhawuleza.

Indlela ethi "I Love U Guys" iNdlela yokuHlanganisa okuMgangatho (SRM) isebenza njani inyathelo ngenyathelo

Uninzi lwezithili zezikolo kunye nee-arhente zogcino-mthetho kulo lonke elaseMntla Melika zilandela i- INdlela yoHlaziyo oluQhelekileyo (SRM):

  1. Kutheni uMmandla woMfundi wahlukileyo kwiNdawo yokuJonga uMzali:
  2. KwiSiza sokuHlanganisa (esidla ngokuba yijimnasium yesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo ekufutshane, iziko loluntu, okanye indawo yokupaka iimoto zecawa), amagosa aseka imimandla emibini eyahluke ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwendawo yokubona omnye komnye: INdawo yokuHlangana yaBafundi (apho abantwana bagcinwa bezolile ngootitshala, ngamanzi, nabasebenzi bezonyango) kunye neNdawo yokuNgena koMzali/iNdawo yokuBulisa.
  3. Ukugcina ezi ndawo zimbini zahlukene kuthintela abazali abanxungupheleyo ekuboneni ii-ambulensi okanye abantwana ofunda nabo eklasini abalilayo, kukhusela imfihlo yabafundi, kwaye kuyaqinisekisa ukuba akukho mntwana unokutsalelwa ngaphandle komnyango osecaleni ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa.
  4. Yintoni ekufuneka uze nayo ngemoto yakho ngaphambi kokuba umke ekhaya:
  5. I-ID yakho yeFoto ekhutshwe nguRhulumente (Ilayisensi yokuqhuba, iSazisi seSizwe/yePhondo, okanye iPasipoti). Amagosa **akayi kukhulula umntwana kuye nawuphi na umntu omdala ogama lakhe lichanekileyo lingangqinelaniyo neziko ledatha lesikolo loqhagamshelwano likaxakeka (Infinite Campus / PowerSchool / Skyward) kunye ne-ID yesithombe esebenzayo.
  6. Amayeza Abalulekileyo Umntwana Wakho, Iiglasi, okanye Izinto Zokuthuthuzela (kunye namanzi kunye namashwamshwam kwimoto yakho, njengoko uhola wendlela okanye imigca yendlela edibanisa abantu abaninzi inokuthatha imizuzu engama-60 ukuya kwi-120).
  7. **Itshaja yeFowuni / iBhanki yaMandla **: Gcina umnxeba wakho uvulekile ukuze ufumane uhlaziyo lweSMS olusemthethweni lwesithili kwaye uphephe ukufowunela umntwana wakho iselfowuni engayekiyo ngelixa ephuma (iifowuni ezikhalayo ziphazamisa abafundi ekuphulaphuleni imiyalelo yabaqhubi/amapolisa).
  8. Ukunikezelwa kweKhadi lokuDityaniswa kweNqanaba ezi-4:
  9. Inqanaba loku-1 (Itheyibhile yokuBulisa): Uzalisa icwecwe elinemingxuma emibini Ikhadi Lokumanyanisa udwelisa igama lakho, igama lomntwana wakho, ibakala, kunye nenombolo katitshala/yebhasi.
  10. Inqanaba lesi-2 (Itheyibhile yokuJonga i-ID): Umqinisekisi wesikolo ujonga i-ID yakho yeFoto ngokuchasene neSistim yoLwazi loMfundi elugcinweni kunye noluhlu olungxamisekileyo, ukrazula ikhadi elinemingxuma phakathi, aze akunike isiqwenga serisithi esisezantsi.
  11. Inqanaba lesi-3 (UkuBuywa kweMbaleki): Isikolo "Imbaleki" ithatha isiqingatha esiphezulu sekhadi lakho sibuyisele iNkalo yeSiteji yoMfundi ekhuselekileyo (okanye ijonge i-Hospital Transport Log ukuba umntwana wakho uhanjiswe yi-EMS, kwimeko apho umcebisi weengxaki kunye nomlawuli uya kukusa kwigumbi lenkcazo yabucala kwaye akwalathise kwelona gumbi lingxamisekileyo esibhedlele apho kukho isebe elijongene nongxamiseko esibhedlele apho kukho unxibelelwano nomntwana wesikolo).
  12. Inqanaba lesi-4 (Ukumanyana kwakhona nokuPhuma): Imbaleki izisa umntwana wakho kuNcango lokuDityaniswa kwakhona, itshatise isiqwenga sakho serisithi kwikhadi eliphezulu, irekhode elona xesha lichanekileyo lokukhululwa, kwaye uhamba ngoko nangoko ukuze indawo yokupaka ihlale icacile kumzali olandelayo.

Inqanaba lesi-5: Iwotshi yabantwana yasemva kokuntlitheka, ukudideka okulibazisekileyo, ukwenzakala kwangaphakathi, kunye nomonzakalo

Nokuba aboncedo lokuqala bavavanya umntwana wakho kwindawo yengozi yebhasi yesikolo baze bamkhulule ukuba agoduke nawe kwindawo yokudibana kwakhona, i-adrenaline yasemva kwengozi ihlala ivala ukwenzakala okumandundu kwabantwana kwiiyure ezi-6 ukuya kwezingama-48.

Isinyanzelo seeyure ezingama-48 zoluhlu lokujongwa ngumzali zonyango nangokwengqondo

  • Cwangcisa i-Same-Day okanye i-Next-Morning Pediatrician / uVavanyo oluKhathalelo oluKhawulezileyo: Yiba nogqirha enze uviwo olusisiseko lwe-neurological, isisu, kunye ne-musculoskeletal kwaye ubhale ukungqubana kwebhasi yesikolo kwirekhodi yonyango esemthethweni yomntwana wakho (olubalulekileyo kulandelelwano lweklinikhi kunye namabango e-inshurensi yorhwebo / i-auto insurance).
  • Bukela iNgxoxo yaBantwana eLibazisekileyo kunye neeflegi eziBomvu eziBomvu ngaphakathi (iiyure ezingama-72 zokuQala):
  • Ngaphandle kokubetha intloko yabo eglasini, i-whiplash yokunciphisa ngokukhawuleza ngokuchasene nesihlalo sebhasi inokubangela ukudideka (bona ukwenzakala entloko).
  • ** Tsalela umnxeba ku-911/112/999 okanye uye kwiSebe lezoNgxamiseko elikufutshane ngoko nangoko ukuba umntwana wakho uyakhula **: intloko ebuhlungu iya isiba mandundu ngokuthe ngcembe, **ukugabha okuphindaphindiweyo okanye isicaphucaphu **, umfundi omnye mkhulu kunomnye, intetho engacacanga, ukuba burhalarhume/ukukhubeka, ukozela okugqithisileyo/ukukhubeka, ukozela okungaqhelekanga, ukuphaphama okungaqhelekanga okanye ukungakwazi ukuphaphama.
  • Khangela i-"Seatbelt / Lap-Bar Sign" kunye neentlungu zesisu:
  • Ukuba umntwana wakho uneentlungu esiswini, esifubeni, okanye kwiimbambo ekubetheni isihlalo phambi kwabo okanye ibhanti lokuthintela ibhasi, okanye akhalaze ngeentlungu zesisu, iintlungu zegxalaba (uphawu lwe-Kehr olusuka kwi-splenic irritation), isiyezi, okanye igazi kumchamo, umse kwiSebe likaNgxamiseko ngoko nangoko ukuze alawule ukugruzuka kwamalungu angaphakathi.
  • Xhasa uLonwabo lwaseNgqondweni lwasemva kweNgozi:
  • Emva kwengozi yebhasi okanye uloyiko lokwahlukana, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba abantwana babe namaphupha amabi, ubunzima bokulala bodwa, isisu esibuhlungu kusasa esikolweni, okanye uloyiko olunzulu lokubuyela kwibhasi yesikolo etyheli (bona ukuthetha nabantwana kwiimeko zikaxakeka).
  • Qinisekisa iimvakalelo zabo ngokuzolileyo ("La ntlitheko ibingxola kwaye isoyikisa, kwaye umzimba wakho usazama ukukukhusela, nangona ukhuselekile ngoku"), lungelelanisa ukubuya ngokuthe ngcembe ebhasini kunye nomcebisi wesikolo, kwaye ucele indawo yokuhlalisa okwexeshana xa kuyimfuneko.

*Ukulungiselela iimeko ezingxamisekileyo zonyango ezibandakanya abantwana, cinga ngokuthatha uncedo lokuqala lwabantwana kunye nekhosi yeCPR evela kuMnqamlezo oBomvu, iSt John Ambulance, okanye umboneleli woqeqesho wasekhaya.

Imibuzo edla ngokubuzwa

My child just texted me from inside their school bus saying they were in a crash on the highway 10 minutes from my house. Why shouldn't I drive straight to the highway and pick them up myself?

Driving to an active highway school bus crash scene creates two severe hazards: First, dozens of parent cars pulling onto the highway shoulder block emergency lanes needed by fire trucks, extrication rigs, and ambulances trying to reach injured children. Second, law enforcement and EMS cannot legally release an unaccompanied minor at an active highway scene without verifying custodial ID against the official school database and logging the release on the Master Transport Manifest; if you pull your child away without official sign-out, rescue crews must assume a child is missing or trapped, delaying medical care for others. Go directly to the school district designated Reunification Site (or the assigned hospital if notified by EMS) with your government photo ID.

Why don't all yellow school buses have three-point seatbelts, and why do drivers keep kids inside the bus after most accidents instead of evacuating them?

Under National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 222, large school buses (over 4,536 kilograms / 10,000 pounds) are engineered around passive "compartmentalization," which uses closely spaced, high-backed, heavily padded seats that absorb crash forces like an egg carton without requiring a young child to properly buckle a belt. (While several states now mandate three-point belts on new buses for rollover/side-impact protection, compartmentalization remains the core structural shield). Because a 12-metric-ton steel school bus sitting high off the ground protects children from passing cars, NHTSA guidelines state that students should remain inside the bus after a crash UNLESS there is fire, smoke, a fuel leak, railroad tracks, downed power lines/hazmat, or submersion risk.

If a student has a severe peanut allergy or asthma, who is supposed to carry their EpiPen or inhaler during a school field trip, the bus driver, the teacher, or the child?

Under state student self-carry laws and Section 504 / Individualized Healthcare Plan (IHP) guidelines, an older student who is approved to self-carry should keep their own rescue inhaler or Epinephrine Auto-Injector on their person at all times, AND the Lead Teacher or Field Trip Nurse must carry a backup emergency medical kit containing the student labeled medication alongside them throughout the entire venue visit. Never leave emergency rescue medications locked inside the empty school bus in the parking lot while students are inside a museum, zoo, or park.

What is a "Code Adam," and how does it work if a student wanders off during a field trip at a museum, zoo, or science center?

A "Code Adam" (named in memory of 6-year-old Adam Walsh and federally mandated across U.S. government buildings under 34 U.S.C. 21301, as well as adopted by thousands of museums, theme parks, zoos, and retail stores across North America) is an immediate building-wide missing-child lockdown protocol. The moment a teacher or parent reports a missing child to any venue employee, staff immediately lock or station guards at every exterior exit and parking structure, sweep restrooms and restricted areas, and stop any adult attempting to exit with a child matching the description, calling law enforcement within 10 minutes if the child is not located inside the building.

Izikhokelo ezinxulumeneyo

Imithombo ijongiwe

  • Ulawulo lweSizwe loKhuseleko lweNdlela yoThutho (NHTSA) kunye noMbutho weSizwe wabaLawuli beSizwe beeNkonzo zoThutho lwaBafundi (i-NASDPTS) (eUnited States): * Uluhlu loKhuseleko lweBhasi yeSikolweni kwiNkonzo yoKhuseleko (IiNkqubo zoKhuseleko oluNgxamisekileyo, i-Compartmentalization phantsi kwe-FMVSS No.
  • Ulawulo lweFederal Motor Carrier Safety (FMCSA) (eUnited States): 49 CFR 392.22 (Imiqondiso eNgxamisekileyo kunye neReflective Isilumkiso seNxantathu yokuBeka imigama yeeThuthi zoRhwebo kunye neebhasi).
  • I-"I Love U Guys" iSiseko kunye nokuLungela kunye noLawulo oluNgxamisekileyo lweZikolo (REMS) iZiko loNcedo lwezobuGcisa / iSebe lezeMfundo laseMelika (eUnited States): *I-Standard Reunification Method (SRM) Manual Operational Manual for Schools and Law Enforcement *.
  • Iziko leSizwe laBantwana abalahlekileyo naBaxhatshaziweyo (NCMEC) (eUnited States): *I-Code Adam Act ka-2003 (34 U.S.C. Icandelo 21301) kunye neeProtocol zoKhuseleko lwaBantwana *.
  • Iinkonzo zoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo kuBantwana (EMSC) / iZibonelelo zezeMpilo kunye noLawulo lweeNkonzo (HRSA) (eUnited States): JumpSTART I-Algorithm ye-Pediatric Mass Casualty Triage Algorithm kunye noThutho oluKhuselekileyo lwaBantwana kwii-Ambulensi.
  • EzoThutho eKhanada (eKhanada) kunye neSebe lezeMfundo (i-DfE) (eUnited Kingdom): Iimpawu zoKhuseleko lweBhasi yeSikolo (CMVSS), iMpilo noKhuseleko kuNdwendwelo lweMfundo IsiKhokelo esisemthethweni, kunye noLawulo lwezehlo eziBalulekileyo zeZikolo.