Ukwakha iKit yeDijithali yoFikelelo oluNgxamisekileyo ('kwimeko yokufa okanye iComa' Binder)¶

Ukuba ukubetha ngequbuliso, ukuntlitheka kwemoto, ukubanjwa kwentliziyo, okanye ingozi ebulalayo ikushiya ungasebenzi ngokwezempilo kwigumbi labagula kakhulu okanye ugqithise impahla yakho kwiqabane lakho, abantwana abadala, okanye umabi wamabi ngobu busuku, uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo lwale mihla luya kuvala usapho lwakho ngaphandle kobomi bakho bonke bemali kunye nedijithali. Ngaphandle kwekhowudi yokupasa yesikrini esineedijithi ezi-6 ze-smartphone yakho, iPassword yomphathi wakho kunye neSitshixo seMfihlo, izitshixo zakho zokhuseleko zehardware (YubiKeys), kunye neSIM khadi yakho yeekhowudi zoQinisekiso lwezinto ezimbini (2FA), usapho lwakho olusindileyo alukwazi ukuhlawula imali mboleko yenyanga okanye amatyala aluncedo, impilo yefayile okanye amabango e-inshurensi yobomi, uvule iikopi ezifihliweyo, ukurhoxiswa kweefoto zedijithali ezifihliweyo, ukurhoxiswa kweefoto zedijithali. asethi. Ukwakha umzimba IDigital Emergency Access Kit ("kwimeko yoKufa okanye iComa" iBinder) edityaniswe ne-automated izitshixo zomntu ofileyo (uMphathi weakhawunti engasebenziyo kaGoogle, uQhagamshelwano lweLifa leDijithali yeApple, kunye noFikelelo oluNgxamisekileyo loMphathi wePassword) uyaqinisekisa ukuba abantu obathandayo banokunyathela ngokutyibilikayo ekulawuleni imicimbi yakho ngexesha lengxaki yonyango ngaphandle kokuncama.

Yenza oku ngoku¶

1. Shicilela i-Password Kit "Emergency Kit" yoMphathi wakho namhlanje, bhala i-Password yakho eyi-Master kunye ne-smartphone yakho yokuvula isikrini ngesandla, kwaye uyitywine ngaphakathi kwemvulophu ecacileyo ekwi-firefe yakho yomlilo. Ungaze ugcine iPassword yomphathi wakho we-password, i-1Password-i-34-character Secret Secret, okanye i-Bitwarden 2FA icolile ngaphakathi kwifowuni yakho yokubuyisela kwifowuni yakho enye. ingozi ekubeka esibhedlele, ivault yakho yedijithali ayifumaneki ngokusisigxina.
2. Bhala ikhowudi yokuvula yesikrini enamanani ama-6 kwi-smartphone yakho engundoqo kunye nethebhulethi ngaphakathi kweKit yakho yoFikelelo oluNgxamisekileyo etywiniweyo. Isazisi sobuso kunye nebhayometriki yomnwe zisilela ngoko nangoko xa ungekho zingqondweni, uswelekile, okanye emva kokuba i-smartphone iphinda iqale (nto leyo enyanzelela ukuba kungene inombolo yokudlula). Kwakhona, i-smartphone yakho ifumana iikhowudi zeSMS kunye ne-authenticator app push prompts efunekayo ukuze ungene kwiibhanki kunye nezinto eziluncedo.
3. Vula iqonga elizisebenzelayo "Iitshintshi zoMntu ongasekhoyo" ngaphantsi kwemizuzu eli-10 ngoku:
4. Apple iOS / iCloud: Yiya ku ** Useto > [Igama Lakho] > Ngena & Nokhuseleko > Uqhagamshelwano Lwelifa** kwaye wongeze iqabane lakho, umntwana omdala, okanye umabi, uze uprinte Isitshixo sokuFikelela kuQhagamshelwano leLifa kwaye usibeke kwisibophelelo sakho.
5. Google / Gmail: Yiya ku myaccount.google.com/inactive (UMphathi weAkhawunti kaGoogle engasebenziyo) kwaye uqwalasele uGoogle ukuba azise ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye wabelane ngokufikelela kunye nomfowunelwa omthembileyo ukuba iakhawunti yakho ibonisa umsebenzi we0 iinyanga ezi-3.
6. 1Password / Bitwarden / Dashlane / Umgcini: Qwalasela UFikelelo oluNgxamisekileyo (okanye iVault yoSapho eKwabelwana ngalo) kunye ixesha lokulinda leentsuku ezi-7 ukuze umnxibelelwano wakho omthembileyo angacela ufikelelo kwi-vault ukuba ukwikoma, ngelixa ekunika iintsuku ezisi-7 zokucofa "Yala" ukuba isicelo sakhe senziwe ngengozi ngengozi.
7. Bhalisa kwaye uleyibhelishe iSitshixo soKhuseleko se-Hardware egciniweyo (iYubiKey / FIDO2 isitshixo) kwaye uprinte iiKhowudi zakho zoBuyiselo eziKhuselekileyo ze-2FA ezinamadijithi ayi-8. Ukuba ukhusela i-imeyile yakho ephambili (i-Gmail, iProtonMail, i-Outlook) okanye umphathi we-password ngeYubiKey ebonakalayo okanye i-app ye-Authenticator (TOTP), bhalisa ** iYubiKey yesibini yokugcina** kuyo yonke iakhawunti ebalulekileyo kwaye utywine eso sitshixo somzimba ngaphakathi kokhuseleko lomlilo wakho ecaleni kwephepha eliprintiweyo IiKhowudi zoBuyiselo eziKhuselweyo.
8. Bandakanya igatya elicacileyo elithi "RUFADAA Digital Asset Authorization Clause" kuMandla akho aDurable of Attorney, Will, and Living Trust. Phantsi UMthetho oHlaziyiweyo oHlaziyiweyo weFiduciary Fiduciary Access to Digital Assets Act (RUFADAA) eUnited States (kunye nemithetho yabucala efanayo e-UK, eCanada, e-EU, kwiinkampani zabucala okanye kwi-imeyile ezinikezelweyo zivela kwi-imeyile eyimfihlo okanye e-Australia). umabi-lifa ngaphandle kokuba umsebenzisi unike imvume ecacileyo ngesixhobo selifa le-intanethi okanye igatya elithile le-asethi yedijithali kumaxwebhu abo asemthethweni.
9. Ungaze ugcine i-cryptocurrency ye-12-igama okanye i-24-igama le-BIP-39 yeMbewu kwi-drive yefu, kwidrafti ye-imeyile, okanye njenge-screenshot ye-smartphone. Ukuba ubambe i-cryptocurrency yokuzimela (Bitcoin, Ethereum, i-hardware wallets efana ne-Ledger okanye i-Trezor), gximfiza ibinzana lakho le-24-word ngasentla okanye ibinzana lembewu ye-stainless* kwi-titi*- \(1,400^\circ\text{C} / 2,550^\circ\text{F}\)) kwaye ushiye plain-IsiNgesi, imiyalelo step-by-step ukuze iqabane non-technical angaze akhohliswe ukuchwetheza ibinzana imbewu yakho kwi website phishing.

flowchart TD
    Crisis["Ukwenzakala ngesiquphe kwezonyango (Coma/ICU) okanye ukusweleka koMnini-akhawunti"] --> PathSelect{"Loluphi Umaleko lweDijithali yoFikelelo oluNgxamisekileyo oluVunyiweyo?"}
    PathSelect -->|Immediate Hour-1 Need: Pay Bills, Check Email, Contact Employer/Insurer| PhysicalKit["vula imvulophu yeTamper-Evident kuMlilo oKhuselekileyo (iPhepha leGlass leBreak-Physical)"]
    PhysicalKit --> UnlockPhone["Sebenzisa ikhowudi yokugqitha yefowuni eBhaliweyo eneDijithi ezi-6 + iPIN yeSIM ukuze uvule i-smartphone esisiseko"]
    UnlockPhone --> UnlockVault["Sebenzisa iPassword enguMphathi oBhaliweyo + 34-Char Secret Secret Key + Backup YubiKey ukuze uvule iPassword Vault"]
    PathSelect -->|Remote / Delayed Need: Spouse or Executor Does Not Have Physical Safe Key| DeadMan["Qalisa iiSwitshi zoMntu ofileyo zeDijithali ezizenzekelayo"]
    DeadMan --> VaultWait["UFikelelo oluNgxamisekileyo loMphathi wegama loMphathi (i-Bitwarden/uMgcini): Isibali-xesha sokuLinda seentsuku ezisi-7 siPhela -> iVault epheleleyo ivuliwe"]
    DeadMan --> GoogleIAM["Umphathi weAkhawunti kaGoogle Engasebenziyo: Iinyanga ezi-3 zokungasebenzi Isibali Siphelelwa -> I-imeyile kunye neDrive ekwabelwana ngayo"]
    DeadMan --> AppleLegacy["UQhagamshelwano lweLifa le-Apple: Ngenisa i-64-Char Access Key + iSatifikethi sokuFa -> iCloud evuliwe"]
    UnlockVault --> Settle["Hlawula i-Mortgage/Izinto eziluncedo, i-Inshurensi yeBango, Gcina iiFoto zoSapho kunye neeAkhawunti ezivaliweyo"]
    VaultWait --> Settle
    GoogleIAM --> Settle
    AppleLegacy --> Settle

Kutheni iintsapho zivalelwe ngaphandle ngexesha lengxaki yonyango: "ISetyhula yoQinisekiso lweTrap"¶

Uninzi lwabantu lucinga ukuba xa lubethelwa yimoto kwaye lubekwe kwi-coma ebangelwa ngunyango iiveki ezintathu, iqabane labo okanye umntwana omdala unokuhlala phantsi kwikhompyuter yentsapho aze ahlawule imali-mboleko okanye ajonge izibonelelo zeinshurensi yezempilo. Ngokwenyani, ukhuseleko lwe-cybersecurity lwale mihla ludala indlela ezintathu zokuvala isetyhula emisa usapho ukubanda kwimizuzu eli-15:

1. **Ukungena ebhankini, i-portal ye-mortgage, okanye umphathi wephasiwedi kwi-laptop **, inkqubo ithumela ikhowudi ye-6-digit Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) okanye i-push prompt kumntu ongenakukwazi ** smartphone ** (okanye ibhokisi ye-imeyile ephambili).
2. ** Ukufunda loo khowudi ye-2FA kwi-smartphone **, kufuneka uvule isikrini se-smartphone, kwaye emva kweeyure ze-48 zokungasebenzi okanye ukuqalisa kwakhona ibhetri, ** I-Apple iOS kunye ne-Android zikhubaze ngokupheleleyo i-ID yoBuso kunye ne-fingerprint sensors **, ifuna ikhowudi yokudlula yesikrini samanani ama-6 (iqabane elihlala lingayazi okanye elisandul 'ukutshintshwa).
3. **Nokuba iqabane lizama ukucofa u-"Ulibele igama lokugqithisa" kwi-akhawunti ye-imeyile ephambili *, umnikezeli we-imeyile uthumela ikhonkco lokubuyisela kwi-inbox ye-imeyile etshixiweyo efanayo okanye ucela umzimba Isitshixo sokhuseleko se-hardware se-FIDO2 (YubiKey) ehleli kwikhonkco elingabhalwanga.
4. Eyona nto imbi kakhulu: Umsantsa weGunya loMthetho phakathi kwe "Coma" kunye "noKufa":
5. Amaqonga afana ne-uQhagamshelwano lweLifa leDijithali ye-Apple kunye ne-i-Facebook Memorialization ifuna ukufakwa kwegosa iSatifikethi sokufa. Azinakusetyenziswa kwaphela ukuba lowo umthandayo usaphila e-ICU isiqaqa, uchacha kwistroke esiqatha, okanye unesifo sengqondo esiyingozi ngesiquphe.**
6. Ngoko ke, intsapho yakho idinga ** zombini ** umzimba ** "I-Break-Glass" iPhepha loFikelelo oluNgxamisekileyo** (olusebenza ngokukhawuleza ngexesha likaxakeka lonyango olungenakufa) ** kunye ** kunye ne-automated platform IiNxibelelwano zeLifa (ezibonelela ngokuqhubekayo ngokusemthethweni emva kokufa).

I-4-Layer Digital Access Emergency Access Architecture¶

Thelekisa izixhobo ezine ezincedisayo ezenza iDigital Estate epheleleyo kunye neSicwangciso sokuKhuthaza:

Inyathelo ngenyathelo: Yintoni oza kuyiprinta kwaye uyitywine ngaphakathi kwimvulophu yakho ethi "kwimeko yokufa okanye yokuComa"¶

Iqabane lakho okanye umntu obhalwe phantsi ukuze abe ilifa akafuni luhlu olubhaliweyo lwamagama ayimfihlo angama-300 ewebhusayithi (aphelelwa lixesha nyanga zonke). Endaweni yoko, beka onke amagama ayimfihlo angama-300 ngaphakathi koMphathi wePassword yolwazi olungenalwazi ** (ezifana ne-1Password, Bitwarden, Umgcini, okanye Proton Pass), kwaye ubeke kuphela "Izitshixo zeSkeleton" ezivula izixhobo zakho eziphambili kunye nelo gama lokugqitha ngaphakathi kwesibophelelo sakho somzimba.

Izitshixo ezisi-7 "zeSkeleton" ezikwiPhepha leGlasi eShicileleyo¶

Shicilela ithempleyithi engezantsi, gcwalisa iindawo zobugcisa ngesandla ngosiba olusisigxina lwepeni yeinki emnyama (ungaze uchwetheze Igama Lokugqithisa Elingumalathindlela kwiprosesa yamagama elifu okanye uliprinte phezu komshicileli we-Wi-Fi yeofisi engathenjwa), kwaye uyitywine ngaphakathi kwe-opaque kwimvulophu yokhuseleko ebonakala iphazamisayo:

1. I-smartphone esisiseko kunye neePasskhowudi zokuvula iSkrini seThebhulethi + iPIN yeSIM:
2. Imodeli yeSixhobo kunye noMthwali: _________________________________
3. IKhowudi yokuVula iSkrini (i-PIN-Digit eyi-6 / i-alphanumeric): _____________________
4. I-PIN ye-SIM yeSellula kunye ne-Akhawunti yokuPhuma/I-PIN yoKhuseleko: _________________
5. Umyalelo kuSapho: "Gcina le fowuni iplagiwe kwitshaja kwaye UNGALUrhoxisi ityala leselfowuni kangangeenyanga ezili-12 ubuncinci. Udinga le nombolo yefowuni isebenzayo ukuze ufumane ibhanki kunye nemiyalezo ebhaliweyo ye-2FA yerhafu."
6. ILaptop esisiseko / i-Desktop yokuNgena kwiKhompyutha kunye neSitshixo sokuBuyisela ngokuFihliweyo kwiDiski:
7. ** Igama lokuNgena kwiKhompyutha / i-PIN ye-Windows Molo / i-password yoLawulo lwe-MacOS:** _____________________
8. Isitshixo soBuyiselo seBitLocker 48-Digit (iWindows) okanye iFayileVault yoBuyiselo (iMac): __________________________________________________
9. IiNkcazelo zeVault yoMphathi wePassword (Esona sitshixo singuMphathi kuzo zonke iiAkhawunti ezingama-300+):
10. Umboneleli woMphathi wegama lokugqithisa (1Password / Bitwarden / Keeper / Proton Pass): ___________________
11. Ngena kwiAkhawunti ngedilesi ye-imeyile: _________________________________
12. Isitshixo esiyiMfihlo esinoonobumba abangama-34 (Iyafuneka ngu-1Password ecaleni kwegama lokugqithisa elingumalathindlela): A3-______-______-______-______-______-______
13. Igama Lokugqithisa Elingumalathindlela (elibhalwe ngokucacileyo ngoonobumba abakhulu, abancinane, amanani, kunye neempawu ezilebhile): __________________________________________________
14. IziQinisekiso eziZimbini (i-2FA) izitshixo zokuBuyisela iiNdawo eziPhambili kunye ne-YubiKey yokuGcina:
15. Ifumaneka phi i-App ye-Athenticator? [ ] Inside Smartphone (Authy / 2FAS / Ente Auth / Google Authenticator) [ ] Inside Password Manager
16. IsiQondisi se-App esiGcinekayo/Igama lokugqitha eliFihliweyo: _________________________________
17. Umphathi wePassword 2FA iKhowudi yoBuyiselo (Iprintwe ikhowudi yokugqitha ikhowudi yoonobumba abayi-8 ukuya kuma-32): _________________________________
18. Amaqhosha oKhuseleko lweHardware ebonakalayo (YubiKey / iSitshixo seTitan): "IYubiKey esisiseko ikwikhonkco lam lesitshixo lomzimba (i-PIN: ________); Ugcino lweYubiKey #2 lutywinwe ngaphakathi kule mvulophu ekhuselekileyo yomlilo (i-PIN: ________)."
19. UBuyiselo ngokuthe ngqo kwiakhawunti ye-imeyile (i-Gmail / Outlook / ProtonMail / iCloud):
20. Idilesi ye-imeyile esisiseko #1: _________________________________
21. Iikhowudi zoQinisekiso eziShicileleyo ezineDigit ezisi-8 (Yenza iikhowudi zosetyenziso olunye ezili-10 kuGoogle/Microsoft Useto loKhuseleko kwaye uzigcine apha): (Iqhotyoshelwe)
22. I-ID ye-Apple kunye namaqhosha oBuyiselo lweAkhawunti kaGoogle:
23. ISitshixo sokuFikelela kuQhagamshelwano leLifa le-Apple (Eprintiweyo iQR + umtya woonobumba abangama-64): (Iqhotyoshelwe)
24. Isitshixo soBuyiselo seempawu ezingama-28 zeApple (Sisinyanzelo ukuba uvule iApple "uKhuseleko lweDatha eNzululwazi" ekupheleni ukuya ekupheleni kwe-iCloud encryption, ngaphandle kwesi sitshixo soonobumba abangama-28, nkqu neApple inokubuyisela iifoto zakho ze-iCloud emva kokufa): RK-______-______-______-______-______-______
25. I-Wi-Fi Router yasekhaya, i-NAS (Synology/QNAP), kunye noKhuseleko lwaseKhaya / iiNkcazo zoLawulo lwe-Smart Lock:
26. Igama lenethiwekhi yeWi-Fi (SSID) kunye nePassword: _________________________________
27. Irutha / isitshixo esiSmart / iPIN yeAlam yeKhaya kunye negama eliKhuselekileyo ngeNkampani yokuHlola: _________________________________

Inyathelo-by-nyathelo ukuseta Big 3 automated Digital Legacy izixhobo¶

Chitha imizuzu eli-15 kwikhompyuter yakho namhlanje ulungiselela ezi ndlela zintathu zakhiweyo zelifa ukuze iiakhawunti zakho zikhuselwe nokuba umlilo wendlu utshabalalisa isibophelelo sakho somzimba:

1. Uqhagamshelwano lwe-Apple Digital Legacy (iOS 15.2+, iPadOS 15.2+, macOS Monterey 12.1+)¶

• Uyiseta njani kwi-iPhone yakho:
• Vula Iisetingi > cinezela [Igama Lakho] phezulu kakhulu > cofa Ngena & Nokhuseleko > cofa UQhagamshelwano Lwelifa.
• Cofa Yongeza uQhagamshelwano lweLifa kwaye uqinisekise nge-ID yoBuso okanye ikhowudi yakho yokudlula.
• Khetha ilungu losapho kwiqela lakho loKwabelana ngoSapho okanye ukhethe nawuphi na umntu othembekileyo kuluhlu lwakho loQhagamshelwano (abafuni** nokuba babene-iPhone okanye isixhobo se-Apple).
• Khetha "Shicilela iKopi" ye Isitshixo soFikelelo (kwakunye nokusithumela nge-iMessage ukuba basebenzisa i-iPhone) kwaye ubeke iphepha eliprintiweyo lokuFikelela ngqo ngaphakathi kwiBinder yakho yeZimali eziNgxamisekileyo.
• Umda obalulekileyo ukuba usebenzisa iApple "uKhuseleko lweDatha eNzululwazi" (ADP): Ukuba wenze ukuba uKhuseleko lweDatha oluPhezulu lwe-iCloud (ufihlo olusekugqibeleni ukuya esiphelweni), iApple ayisenazitshixo zokufihla iiFoto zakho ze-iCloud, amanqaku, okanye iDrive. Qinisekisa ukuba uQhagamshelwano lweLifa lakho unokufikelela nakwesinye sezixhobo zakho ozithembileyo zika-Apple + ikhowudi yokugqitha yesikrini OKANYE eprintiweyo Isitshixo sokuBuyisa seApple esineenombolo ezingama-28.

2. Umphathi weAkhawunti kaGoogle engasebenziyo (iGmail, iiFoto zikaGoogle, iGoogle Drive, YouTube)¶

• Iseta njani kuyo nayiphi na ibhrawuza:
• Yiya ku myaccount.google.com/inactive kwaye ucofe u-Qala.
• Misela ixesha lokulinda elingasebenziyo libe iinyanga ezi-3 (uGoogle uya kuthumela i-imeyile kwifowuni yakho ephathwayo kwaye i-imeyile idilesi yakho yokubuyisela kwinyanga eyi-1 ngaphambi kokuba isibali-xesha siphelelwe, okoko nje usaphila kwaye ujonga ifowuni yakho kanye ngeentsuku ezingama-60, soze iqalise ngengozi).
• Yongeza ukuya ku-10 abaQhagamshelwa abaThenjiweyo* (faka zombini idilesi ye-imeyile kunye nenombolo yefowuni ephathwayo yabo, njengoko uGoogle efuna ukuqinisekiswa kweSMS xa bekhuphela indawo yakho yokugcina.
• Khetha ukuba zeziphi iindidi zedatha umntu ngamnye afanele azifumane (umzekelo: yabela IiFoto zikaGoogle kunye ne-Google Drive neqabane lakho nabantwana, kwaye wabelane nge-Gmail kunye neNxibelelwano likaGoogle nomabi welifa lakho).
• Shiya "Cima ngokuzenzekelayo iAkhawunti yam kaGoogle engasebenziyo" isetelwe ku OFF (Hayi). Ukuba uGoogle uyayicima idilesi yakho yeGmail kwiintsuku ezingama-90 emva kokuba uswelekile, umabi-lifa wakho akanakuze akwazi ukufumana amaxwebhu erhafu, izaziso zebhanki, okanye ikhonkco lokuphinda usete igama lokugqitha ngexesha lovavanyo.

3. Umphathi wePassword "UFikelelo oluNgxamisekileyo" (Bitwarden, Umgcini, okanye 1Password)¶

• KwiBitwarden (Premium) okanye umgcini:
• Ngena kwi Vault yeWebhu (vault.bitwarden.com) > yiya ku ** Useto > Ufikelelo oluNgxamisekileyo ** > cofa Yongeza uQhagamshelwano oluNgxamisekileyo.
• Ngenisa idilesi ye-imeyile ye-Bitwarden yesihlobo sakho esithembekileyo, khetha "Thatha" (okanye "Jonga") imvume, kwaye usete i-Ixesha lokulinda ku Iintsuku ezisi-7.
• Ukuba unengxaki yonyango olungxamisekileyo, isihlobo sakho sicofa "Cela ufikelelo" kwiakhawunti yaso. I-Bitwarden ilinda iintsuku ze-7 ngelixa ithumela izilumkiso kwi-imeyile yakho kunye nefowuni; emva kweentsuku ezi-7 ngaphandle kokukhatywa kuwe, iBitwarden idlulisela ngokufihlakeleyo ukufunda/ukuthatha indawo yokufikelela kwivault yakho kwisihlobo sakho.
• Ku-1Password (iAkhawunti yoSapho):
• Yenza i-akhawunti 1Password Families ($4.99/ngenyanga kumalungu osapho ayi-5).
• Khetha iqabane lakho okanye umntakwenu/umntwana omdala omthembileyo njengowesibini "Umququzeleli woSapho." Abaququzeleli boSapho banegunya lolawulo elakhelwe ngaphakathi ukuze baqalise UkuBuyiselwa kweAkhawunti kulo naliphi na ilungu losapho eliphulukene nePassword yalo okanye iSitshixo esiMfihlo, kunye nazo naziphi na izinto ozibeka ngaphakathi "iVault yoSapho ekwabelwana ngayo" (i-inshurensi yombane ekwabelwana ngayo, i-inshurensi yombane, ukungena kwi-inshurensi yepropathi edibeneyo, ukungena kwi-inshurensi yepropathi, ukungena kwi-akhawunti yepropati kwisixhobo seqabane lakho iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku.

Ukuhamba nge-"Monthly Bill Cliff": ukuthintela njani ukuvalwa ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuvalwa kwezinto eziluncedo, kunye nokuphelelwa lithemba¶

Xa umhlawuli-mali oyintloko ekhayeni elaliswe esibhedlele ngequbuliso okanye wasweleka, usapho oluseleyo lujongana nemigibe emibini echaseneyo yezemali phakathi kweentsuku ezingama-30: 1. **Amatyala abalulekileyo ahlawulwe ngesandla ayeke ukuhlawulwa ** (okubangela ukuphela kwe-inshurensi ye-auto-inshurensi, ukupheliswa kwe-COBRA yezempilo, ukuphela kwegama lesizinda kwishishini losapho, okanye ukucinywa kwefoto yelifu). 2. I-autopay yekhadi letyala lenkedama ihlala ibiza unaphakade (OKANYE xa usapho lwazisa ibhanki ngokusweleka komnini wekhadi lokuqala, ibhanki ngoko nangoko iyayimisa ize icime ikhadi letyala lomntu oswelekileyo kwalapho, nto leyo ebangela yonke into eluncedo, intlawulo yeinshorensi yobomi, kunye neakhawunti yokugcina ilifu edityaniswe naloo nombolo yekhadi letyala ukuba iqabeze kwiintsuku ezili-10 kamva).

Bandakanya eli phepha-1 "Ukuhamba kweMali yeKhaya kunye nemephu yokuhlawula ngokuzenzekela" ngaphakathi kwiBinder yakho¶

Ilifa elikhuselekileyo lokuzigcina i-cryptocurrency (i-Bitcoin, i-Ethereum, i-Hardware Wallets)¶

Ngokungafaniyo ne-akhawunti ye-brokerage yebhanki (njenge-Fidelity, i-Vanguard, okanye i-Schwab) okanye utshintshiselwano olulawulwayo (olufana ne-Coinbase okanye i-Kraken), apho umntu obhalayo angabonisa isatifikethi sokufa esiqinisekisiweyo kunye ne-Letter Testamentary ukubanga imali, ** i-cryptocurrency yokuzimela egcinwe kwi-wallet ye-hardware (i-Ledger, i-Trezor, i-Coldskde) kwaye ayinayo i-4 inkonzo ye-customer service overseed. (kunye nebinzana lokugqitha elikhethiweyo lama-25) lilahlekile, ezo mali zimke ngonaphakade. Ngokuchaseneyo, ukuba indlalifa engenamava ifumana ibinzana lamagama angama-24 kunye neeGoogles "indlela yokukhupha ibinzana lembewu yeLedger," bahlala bechwetheza amagama angama-24 kwiwebhusayithi yobuxoki yeGoogle Ad phishing ekhupha isipaji ngemizuzwana emi-3.

IMithetho emi-4 yeLifa le-Crypto eliNgekho kwezobuGcisa¶

1. Sigximfiza igama lakho le-12 okanye igama-24 elithi BIP-39 Seed Phrase kwi-316L Stainless Steel okanye i-Titanium Plate: Amakhadi embewu yephepha char nge-\(177^\circ\text{C}\) (\(350^\circ\text{F}\)) kwaye anyibilike emanzini okucima umlilo. Sebenzisa i-letter-punch yomatshini okanye ipleyiti ye-capsule (efana ne-Cryptosteel, Blockplate, okanye I-Keystone Tablet) esinda kwi-\(1,400^\circ\text{C}\) (\(2,550^\circ\text{F}\)) yomlilo wendlu.
2. Yahlula i-Hardware isixhobo/i-PIN kwi-Steel Seed Plate (kunye ne-25^th Passphrase):
3. Gcina i--i-wallet ye-hardware yomzimba (i-Ledger/Trezor) + i-PIN yesixhobo sayo esinedijithi ezi-4 ukuya kwezisi-8* ngaphakathi kumlilo wekhaya lakho ukhuselekile ukuze ululame.
4. Gcina i- **isitampu sentsimbi enamagama angama-24 yogcino lwembewu ** ngaphakathi kwebhokisi yediphozithi ekhuselekileyo yebhanki okanye inkonkxa etywiniweyo ebonisa i-tamper kunye nomabi welifa lakho/igqwetha.
5. Ukuba usebenzisa i-Advanced BIP-39 25^th Word Passphrase, uyibhale ngokucacileyo kwiphepha lakho le-Blass-Glass elitywiniweyo, iindlalifa ezininzi zibuyisela ibinzana lembewu elinamagama angama-24, bona $0.00 ibhalansi kwi-wallet yesiseko ngenxa yokuba abazange bangene kwi-password ye-25, kwaye balahle i-wallet bacinga ukuba ayinalutho.
6. Bandakanya iphepha lomyalelo elibomvu eliqaqambileyo elithi "WARNING TO MY HEIRS" elikrwelwe ngqo kwisipaji sehardware:

   YIMEKA, FUNDA LE NTO PHAMBI UKUBA UCHWEPHESHE LE CRYPTO WALLET: 1. UNGAZE uchwetheze amagama angama-12 okanye angama-24 okubuyisela kuyo nayiphi na iwebhusayithi yekhompyuter, ukwandiswa kwesikhangeli sewebhu, i-imeyile, okanye ikhibhodi ye-smartphone, kwaye UNGAZE uthathe ifoto yamagama ngekhamera ye-smartphone. Nabani na kwi-intanethi ocela amagama angama-24 ulisela. Amagama angama-24 anokuze afakwe KUPHELA ngokuthe ngqo kumaqhosha amancinane esixhobo se-wallet yehardware ngokwaso. 2. Uphantsi koxinzelelo lwe-ZERO time. Imali ekwesi sipaji iya kuhlala ngokukhuselekileyo iminyaka ingaphelelwanga. Thatha ixesha lakho. 3. Fowuna [Name & Phone of Trusted Crypto-Literate Friend or Estate Attorney] ukuhlala ecaleni kwakho buqu xa ulungele ukudlulisela ezi mali kutshintshiselwano lwebhanki olulawulwayo.

Ugunyaziso olusemthethweni: ukongeza igatya le-RUFADAA Digital Assets kuMandla akho eGqwetha kunye neWill¶

Nokuba ushiya iziqinisekiso zomphathi wakho wephasiwedi kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, ukuba igunya elisemthethweni elicacileyo likhusela iqabane lakho okanye umabi wamabi kwizityholo zofikelelo lwekhompyutha olungagunyaziswanga phantsi kwemithetho efana ne-US Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA) okanye i-UK Computer Miseuse Act, kwaye inyanzelela abagcini ukuba basebenzisane.

Phantsi UMthetho oHlaziyiweyo woFiduciary weFiduciary weDigital Assets Act (RUFADAA), owenziwe phantse kuwo onke amazwe angama-50 ase-US kwaye waboniswa kwimimiselo yeNkomfa yoMthetho oFanayo yaseCanada, amagqwetha asebenzisa Ulawulo lwezoMthetho olunamanqanaba amathathu: 1. Eyona nto iphambili 1 (Isixhobo se-Intanethi): Into oyikhethileyo ngaphakathi kwesixhobo esisemthethweni seqonga (uQhagamshelwano lweLifa le-Apple, uMphathi weAkhawunti kaGoogle engasebenziyo, uQhagamshelwano lweLifa le-Facebook) ubeka ngaphezulu ngokusemthethweni nakwiWill ephikisanayo. 2. Eyona nto iphambili 2 (Chaza iGatya kwi-Will, Trust, okanye iGqwetha eliDlulekileyo leGqwetha): Ngexesha elizayo xa uhlaziya iWill yakho, iRevocable Living Trust, okanye iDurable Financial Power of Attorney (okanye usebenzise ifom ye-POA esemthethweni), qiniseka ukuba iqulethe ngokucacileyo klzzwxh:0021/inika igunya phantsi koMmeli weDA *ukufikelela, ukulawula, ukuguqula, ukufihla, ukudlula amagama ayimfihlo, kwaye ufumane ikhathalogu kunye nomxholo wazo zonke ii-asethi zedijithali, unxibelelwano lwe-elektroniki, ukugcinwa kwamafu, amagama esizinda, iiphothali zemali, kunye ne-cryptocurrency wallets." 3. Eyona nto iphambili 3 (iMigaqo yeNkonzo yeQonga): Ukuba awushiyi igama lesixhobo se-intanethi okanye igatya le-RUFADAA kwi-Will/POA yakho, iMigaqo yeNkonzo ethintelayo yeqonga ilawula, esoloko ithintela ukunikezelwa kwee-imeyile zabucala okanye iifayile zelifu ngaphandle komyalelo wenkundla oneendleko eziphezulu.

Imibuzo edla ngokubuzwa¶

Imithombo ijongiwe¶

• IKomishoni yoMthetho eFanayo (i-ULC, eUnited States): UMthetho oHlaziyiweyo woFiduciary wokuFikelelwa kwiDigital Assets Act (RUFADAA), iNqanaba eliThathu eliPhakamisayo labaLawuli, abaLawuli, kunye neearhente eziphantsi kwegunya leGqwetha.
• I-Apple Platform yoKhuseleko kunye neNkxaso ye-Apple (yamazwe ngamazwe): Indlela yokongeza uQhagamshelwano lweLifa kwi-ID yakho ye-Apple, usebenzisa iSitshixo soFikelelo soQhagamshelwano leLifa, kunye neeMfuno eziPhambili zokuFumana ukuBuyiselwa kweDatha.
• Uncedo loKhuseleko lweAkhawunti kaGoogle (yamazwe ngamazwe): ULungiselelo loMphathi weAkhawunti engasebenziyo kunye neeProtokholi zokwabelana ngeDatha.
• 1Password, i-Bitwarden, kunye noxwebhu loYilo loKhuseleko lwe-Architecture: UkuSeta iKhithi kaNgxamiseko, iCryptography yesitshixo esiseMfihlo, ukuBuyiselwa kwakhona kweVault yoSapho, kunye noFikelelo oluNgxamisekileyo lokuLibazisa.
• Iziko leSizwe loKhuseleko lweCyber ​​(NCSC, eUnited Kingdom) kunye neCISA (eUnited States): Ukugcinwa kwe-Offline ye-Multi-Factor Authentication Recovery Codes kunye ne-Hardware Security Keys (FIDO2 / WebAuthn).

Izikhokelo ezinxulumeneyo¶

• Ukwakha isibophelelo semali esingxamisekileyo, ivault yamaxwebhu, kunye nokugcinwa kwemali
• Ukukhusela okanye ukwenza isikhumbuzo somntu oswelekileyo kwimidiya yoluntu
• Ucwangciso olungxamisekileyo lwabantu abadala abadala
• Isicwangciso sosapho lukaxakeka
• Ijenereyitha yekhadi loqhagamshelwano olungxamisekileyo
• Amanani kaxakeka