Uyekile uloliwe woThutho evala iNgxakeko yeNdlela: kutheni ungaze ukhase phantsi kweemoto zikaloliwe¶

Ukubanjiswa kwisithuthi sakho okanye ngeenyawo emva kololiwe omkhulu, ongashukumiyo ovale indlela kaloliwe yokuwela idolophu kangangeeyure ezimbini, okanye uqonda ukuba i-ambulensi, injini yomlilo, okanye imoto yakho ethwele ilungu losapho emsebenzini, i-anaphylaxis, okanye uxinzelelo lwentliziyo inqunyulwe yi-3-ikhilomitha-ubude (ikhilomitha ezi-2 ubude, iikhilomitha ezi-2 zothutho lwentsimbi yonyango-ubude beekhilomitha ezi-2, iikhilomitha ezi-2 ubude kunye nodonga oluphakamileyo lweenqwelo-moya). ingxaki. Phantsi komgaqo kaloliwe wangoku "Okuchanekileyo okucwangcisiweyo (PSR)" imisebenzi kulo lonke elaseMntla Melika, oololiwe bomthwalo bahlala bolula 2.5 ukuya kwi-4.5 yeekhilomitha (i-1.5 ukuya kwi-3 yeemayile) ubude (ii-150 ukuya kwii-350+ zeemoto), zidlula ubude beendlela zikaloliwe ezidlulayo kwaye zinyanzelise oololiwe ukuba bahlale befile kwiindawo zokuwela umgca ophambili iiyure ngelixa belindele utshintsho oluchaseneyo, inqwelomoya eyaphukileyo, ukulungiswa kweenqwelomoya, ukulungiswa kweenqwelomoya. Ukujongana nololiwe othuleyo ongakhange ashukume isentimitha kwimizuzu engama-45, abahambi ngeenyawo abadanileyo, abantwana besikolo abagodukayo, kunye nababukeli aboyikayo bahlala benza impazamo ebulalayo: bakhwela phezu kwee-coupler zentsimbi phakathi kweemoto zikaloliwe ezimbini okanye bakhase ngaphantsi kwekhareji ukuya kwelinye icala.

Ukunyuka phakathi, ngaphezulu, okanye ngaphantsi kololiwe omisiweyo wempahla, nokuba lowo ubonakala uvaliwe ngokupheleleyo kungekho locomotive ibonakalayo kwiimayile, ubulala kwaye unqumle amakhulu abantu minyaka le ngenxa yento enobundlobongela yomatshini eyaziwa ngokuba ** "Isenzo Sokutyibilika Kaloliwe" (Free Slack)**. Yonke i-coupler yemoto yomthwalo ine-15 ukuya kwi-30 yeesentimitha (i-intshi ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12)* zomdlalo ogudisiweyo. Ngaphantsi kwe-150-imoto kaloliwe, edibanisa ukuya ku-ngaphezu kweemitha ezingama-30 (iinyawo ezili-100) zokudodobala koomatshini. Xa ilocomotive kumgama oziikhilomitha ezi-3 (iikhilomitha ezi-2) kude ikhulula iziqhoboshi zayo okanye ishukumisa i-throttle, uphondo lwelocomotive alunakuviwa xa unqumla, ukanti i-supersonic shockwave ihla kwiimoto zentsimbi nge-150 ukuya kwi-300 yeekhilomitha ngeyure (95 ukuya kwi-185 mph), ibangela ukuba imoto kaloliwe ethuleyo i-56 10 ukuya phambili kwi-56 yeenyawo ukuya phambili kwi-56 yeenyawo ukuya phambili. okanye ngasemva kwiqhezu lesekondi enesilumkiso esinguziro. Endaweni yokubeka emngciphekweni wokunqunyulwa okanye ukufa, umthetho womanyano (49 CFR Section 234.309) ibeka iNkqubo yeZaziso eziNgxamisekileyo eblue reflectorized (ENS) uphawu kuzo zonke iindawo zokuwela umzila kaloliwe e-United States: ukubiza ukuba inombolo ye-24/7 yomzila kaloliwe ithumela inombolo yefowuni kunye nokufunda ** i-7-character USDOT Crossing Inventory Number ** idibanisa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-Chief Dispatcher kaloliwe, onokuyalela abasebenzi bakaloliwe ** "ukusika ukunqumla" (split the train)* kwi-ambulensi okanye ukubuyisela abaphenduli bakaxakeka kwindawo engaphezulu evulekileyo.

(Ukwenzela iindawo ezizimeleyo ezisikwe yibhulorho okanye ukuvalwa kwezikhitshane, bona Ukuvalwa kwebhulorho, ukuvalwa kwephenyane, kunye nesiqithi esikwanti okanye ingxaki yokubonelela ngepeninsula. Ukufumana imichiza kaloliwe eyingozi, bona Ugqabhuko-dubulo lwezityalo zekhemikhali, ukudilika koololiwe, kunye nekhusi-kwindawo yotywino, kwaye ugcine wethu amanani kaxakeka uvimba weefayili ophawulweyo.)

Yenza oku ngoku¶

1. UNGAZE ukhase ngaphantsi kwenqwelo kaloliwe emileyo, kwaye UNGAZE uqabele phezu kwee-knuckle couplers phakathi kweemoto zikaloliwe ezimbini, nokuba yimizuzwana emi-3. Inqwelo yothutho ethuleyo inokuhamba iimitha ezi-3 (iinyawo ezili-10) ngephanyazo ngaphandle kokuvuthela isigodlo njengoko iziqhoboshi zomoya zikhulula okanye ziqengqeleka kuloliwe. Ukuba urhuqa i-coupler xa i-slack wave ibetha, i-telescoping ye-hydraulic draft gear kunye ne-knuckles zentsimbi zityumza i-pelvis okanye imilenze yakho njengocinezelo lwe-hydraulic; ukuba uphantsi kwemoto, iiflange zevili lentsimbi ziqhawula amalungu ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha somzuzwana.
2. Ukuba unengxakeko yonyango okanye yomlilo evalwe nguloliwe omileyo: fowunela u-911 KUQALA kwaye uxelele umntu ohambisa uloliwe eyona ndlela yokunqumla umzila kaloliwe ivalwe nguloliwe omileyo. Ungaze uzame ukuqhuba ujikeleza amasango anqumlayo athotyiweyo kwindlela yokuwela iingoma ezininzi okanye ulinde uthe cwaka emgceni nesigulana esifayo kwisitulo sakho somkhweli. Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 (okanye 112/999) ngoko nangoko uze uthi: “Sinemeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango [imeko karhulumente] evaleleke kwicala [ekuMntla/eMzantsi/eMpuma/eNtshona] kwindlela kaloliwe evaliweyo e [Igama lesitalato].” Iziko lokuhambisa i-911 linako ngaxeshanye:
3. Thumela i-ambulensi okanye isikhululo somlilo esimi ** kwicala lakho lemizila** (okanye ukusuka kwidolophu eselumelwaneni yokuncedana kwicala lakho lemizila);
4. Ikuhambise okanye i-ambulensi ikuse kweyona ndlela ikufutshane indlela eyohlulwe ngokwamanqanaba odlulayo/engaphantsi kwendlela; okanye
5. Thumela i-helikopta yonyango (Medevac)* ukuba indlela yakho ingusingasiqithi wesiphelo esisikwe yimizila.
6. ** Fumana i-Blue Metal "iNkqubo yeZaziso eziNgxamisekileyo (ENS)" Tyina kwipali yokunqumla isango okanye kwipali ye-crossbuck uze utsalele umnxeba kwiNombolo kaloliwe eNgxamisekileyo ethi 24/7 eprintiweyo kuyo.** Zonke iindawo zikaloliwe zikaloliwe nezabucala zokunqumla uhola wendlela eUnited States ngokusemthethweni kufuneka zibe nophawu olublowu (30 by 23 centimeters / 12 by 9 inches) ixhonywe kwimasti yokukhanya okudanyazayo, ibhokisi yesango, okanye ipali ye-crossbuck kumacala omabini eengoma. Funda amaqhekeza amabini olwazi kuphawu oluzuba kumqhubi kaloliwe kaloliwe ongxamisekileyo (kunye no-911):
7. I-24/7 iNombolo yeFowuni yokuThunyelwa kweNgxaki kaloliwe kaloliwe engahlawulelwayo; kwaye
8. I-6-Digits-Plus-1-Letter USDOT National Crossing Inventory Number (umzekelo, 123 456 A).
9. ** Ukuba i-ambulensi, injini yomlilo, okanye imeko engxamisekileyo yonyango ilindile ekuweleni, funa ukuba i-Railroad Emergency Dispatcher iyalele abasebenzi bakaloliwe ukuba "Sika ukunqumla" (Split the Train) okanye tsalela phambili ngokukhawuleza.** Xa ufowunela inombolo yophawu lwe-ENS eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngexesha likaxakeka lokhuseleko lobomi, lomzila kaloliwe Iziko leMisebenzi yeNethiwekhi (NOC) Uloliwe Dispatcher usebenzisa imephu yeGPS edityaniswe nesazisi esineempawu ezisi-7 ngqo ukuya koonomathotholo kwinjineli yelocomotive ngaphakathi kwekhebhu ngaphakathi imizuzwana engama-30. Ukuba uloliwe unokuya phambili okanye abuye umva ngeemitha ezingama-200 (iinyawo ezingama-650) ukuze asuse itela, injineli iyayihambisa ngoko nangoko; ukuba uloliwe ukhubazekile, i-conductor ibuyela emva ukuya kuqhawula iqhosha leqhosha (knuckle pin)."cut the crossing") kwaye utsale isiqingatha esingaphambili ukuze uvule isithuba se-ambulensi.
10. Ukuba isithuthi sakho sime eZiporweni (okanye sivaleleke phakathi kwamasango athotyiweyo) uloliwe umile okanye esiza: PHUMA EMOTWENI NGOKUNGOKO, susa umgama oziimitha ezingama-30 (iinyawo ezili-100) umgama oziimitha ezingama-45 ukuya kwicala asuka ngakulo uloliwe, kwaye ufowunele inombolo yomqondiso we-Blue ENS kuqala, emva koko u-911. Ungaze uqalise ukuphinda uqalise umzila kaloliwe. Ukuba isango lokuwela liyehla emva kwemoto yakho, qhuba ngqo kwifiberglass/ingalo yesango lomthi: iingalo zokuwela isango zenziwe ngeebholiti zokucheba ezikhaphukhaphu ngokukodwa ukuze imoto ebanjiweyo ityhale ngaphandle kwazo ngaphandle kokuxinga.
11. Ukuba uloliwe omileyo uvala indawo yokuwela iiyure kungekho ngxamiseko iqhubekayo, yixele kwi-Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) I-Public Blocked Crossing Portal e fra.dot.gov/blockedcrossings. Ngelixa ingxelo kwi-portal ye-FRA ayishukumisi uloliwe ngexesha lokwenyani, abalawuli be-federal basebenzisa i-timestamp ye-ID yengxelo ye-ID ukuze bachonge iindawo ezingapheliyo zikaloliwe kunye nokubeka phambili kwi-federal Railroad Crossing Elimination (RCE) izibonelelo ezingaphaya.

Umthi wesigqibo: Ukuvavanya imeko kaloliwe evaliweyo yokunqumla¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Uloliwe Omisiweyo Evala Indlela Yokuwela Indlela (Okanye Isithuthi Simisiwe Kwimizila)"] --> HazardType{"Ithini imeko ekhawulezileyo ekuweleni?"}

    HazardType -->|"1. Isithuthi simisiwe KWIIngoma okanye Sivaleleke phakathi kweeGate"| StalledCar["UKUPHUMA NGOKUNGOKO INDLELA: Qhuba ngengalo yesango ukuba uvaleleke; ukuba imoto ayifuni kuhamba, phuma kwi-30 m (100 ft) nge-engile ye-45-degree ukuya kuloliwe ozayo kwaye ufowunele inombolo ye-Blue ENS yokuQala"]

    HazardType -->|"2. Unyango, uMlilo, okanye iPolisa likaNgxamiseko eliSikiwe nguLoliwe oMisiweyo"| MedicalEmergency["I-EMERGENCY BYPASS & TRAIN-SPLIT PROTOCOL: Fowunela i-911 ukuthumela i-EMS ukusuka kwelinye icala leengoma, shayela inombolo ye-Blue ENS Sign kunye ne-ID ye-7-Character Crossing, kunye nemfuno yabasebenzi 'Cut the Crossing'"]

    HazardType -->|"3. Abahambi ngeenyawo abangengooNgxamiseko / abahambi ngeenyawo baThintelwe iiyure"| NonEmergency["I-REROUTE EKHUSELEKILEYO & INGXELO YOMTHETHO: UNGAZE urhuqe phantsi kweemoto okanye ukhwele izibini ezitshatileyo, UNGAZE uqhube ujikeleze amasango kwiindawo zokunqumla iingoma ezininzi, kunye nokuvingca kwelog efra.dot.gov/blockedcrossings"]

Inqanaba loku-1: Uyifunda njani iBlue "INkqubo yeZaziso eziNgxamisekileyo (ENS)" Sayina kwaye uqhagamshelane nomthumeli kaloliwe kwimizuzwana engama-30¶

Abaqhubi abaninzi bahlala kumgaqo kaloliwe owela amaxesha angamakhulu bengaqaphelanga uphawu lwentsimbi eluhlaza* olubotshelelwe kwipali yokukhanya okudanyazayo okanye kwindlela yesango. Igunyaziswe ngu-Federal Railroad Administration (FRA, I-49 CFR Icandelo le-234 Subpart E) ngaphaya kwayo yonke indawo kawonke-wonke kunye neyangasese e-United States (kwaye ibonakaliswe yi **Transport Canada Grade Crossings Regulations Regulations Section 107 ** eKhanada kunye ** I-Network Rail crossing plates ** e-UK), olo phawu oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ludibaniso lwefowuni ebomvu ngqo kwi-*Iziko loLawulo loThutho likaloliwe.

Kutheni ubiza iBlue ENS Umqondiso uKhawulezile kunokufowunela u-911 uwedwa ukuba ume okanye uhambise uloliwe¶

Xa ucofa 911 kwaye uxelele umthumeli wedolophu "Kukho uloliwe ovala isitalato esikhulu," umqhubi we-911 akanalo intonga yolonwabo eqhagamshelwe kuloliwe: kufuneka bajonge ukuba ngowuphi umzila kaloliwe ophethe ezo ndlela zikaloliwe, bafowunele idesika yesizwe yomgaqo kaloliwe, kwaye bazame ukuchaza "Isitalato esikhulu eSpringfield" (xa kukho iidolophu ezingama-34 ezithiywe eSpringfield).

Xa ufunda i Blue ENS Sayina ngokuthe ngqo: 1. I-ID eneempawu ezisi-7 ze-USDOT yokuwela (6 Numbers + 1 Letter, umz. 246 810 B) Ngaba iPhini yeGPS eyodwa: - Ngephanyazo ufunda loo manani ama-6 kunye neleta enye kumqhubi wendlela kaloliwe yonxunguphalo (okanye unike elona nani lichanekileyo kwi-911 dispatcher yakho ukuze bakwazi ukuyibuyisela), iscreen sekhompyuter sikaloliwe siqaqambisa ngokuthe ngqo 3-imitha (10-foot) umcu we asphalt, ubonisa zonke iilocomotive ngaphakathi kweekhilomitha ezingama-30 (iikhilomitha ezingama-20) kwaye ivuleleke ngqo kwisitishi serediyo. 2. Umgaqo kaloliwe oMkhulu 24/7 Amanani oThutho oluNgxamisekileyo (kuMntla Melika nakumazwe ngamazwe): - Ngelixa kufuneka uhlale ufunda inombolo ethile eprintiweyo kuphawu olublowu xa unqumla, nanga amaziko othumelo olungxamisekileyo angama-24/7 kuloliwe omkhulu wempahla kunye nabakhweli:

Isigaba 2: Njani "Ukunqumla ukunqumla" (Splitting a Stopped Train) isebenza xa i-ambulensi ivaleleke¶

Ukuba iikhilomitha ezi-3 (iimayile ezi-2) uloliwe wothutho umisiwe kuhola wendlela ngenxa yokonakala komatshini, umqondiso webhloko obomvu ngaphambili, okanye umanyano Iiyure zeNkonzo yoMthetho (49 U.S.C. Chapter 211) Ukuphelelwa lixesha kwabasebenzi ("ukugruzula ngaphandle," apho injineli kunye nomqhubi wenqwelo-mafutha baye babetha umyinge wabo wokuqhuba ngokusemthethweni weeyure ezili-12 kwaye bathintelwe ngumthetho wobumbano ekuhambiseni uloliwe de kufike abasebenzi boncedo ngeveni), zidlula njani izithuthi zikaxakeka?

Izisombululo ze-3 zokuSebenza ezisetyenziswa ngabaphathi boMlilo kunye ne-Railroad Dispatchers¶

1. Ukhetho loku-1: Abasebenzi bakaLocomotive batsalela phambili okanye batyhale ngasemva kwi-150 yeemitha (2 to 4 Minutes):
2. Ukuba uloliwe usahlala abasebenzi abasebenzayo kunye noxinzelelo lwe-air-brake kunye nesithuba segunya lokulandelela ngaphambili okanye ngasemva, i-Railroad Chief Dispatcher inika imvume engxamisekileyo ukuba injineli itsalele phambili okanye ityhale umva ngokwaneleyo ukucoca indlela yokuwela.
3. Ukhetho lwesi-2: "Ukusika ukuwela" / Ukuqhafaza uloliwe (10 to 20 Minutes):
4. Ukuba uloliwe mde kakhulu ukuba atsale ngaphandle kokunqumla ngaphandle kokuvala iswitshi ephambili ngaphambili, i-Railroad Dispatcher iyalela abasebenzi ukuba ** "basike ukunqumla" (make a cut)**:
   1. Umqhubi wenqwelomoya uhamba ezantsi kwi-ballast esuka kwi-locomotive cab ukuya kuhola wendlela onqumlayo;
   2. Ivala ii-"air-brake angle cocks" ezicinezelekileyo** kwiimoto zikaloliwe ezimbini ezihleli macala omabini endlela;
   3. Iseta imanyuwali iziqhoboshi zesandla kumgca ongasemva weemoto ukuze zingakwazi ukuqengqeleka;
   4. Uphakamisa intsimbi isixhobo sokuqhafaza (cut lever) ukuvula isikhonkwane seknuckle coupler; kwaye
   5. Unomathotholo injineli ukutsala isiqingatha esingaphambili sikaloliwe ukuya phambili kwiimitha ezingama-30 (iinyawo ezili-100), evula indlela ye-asphalt yenqwelo yezigulana elindileyo okanye injini yomlilo.
5. Ukhetho lwe-3: Uncedo oluhlangeneyo "I-Cross-Track Ambulance Relay" okanye i-Helicopter Medevac (Fastest When Crew Is Unreachable):
6. Ngenxa yokuba ukuhamba iikhilomitha ezi-2 (iikhilomitha ezili-1.2) ubuya kwikhebhu ye-locomotive kwikhephu elinzulu okanye ebumnyameni ukuze udibanise ngesandla uloliwe kuthatha ** 15 ukuya kwimizuzu engama-25 **, amasebe omlilo kunye ne-EMS ** ayifuni ** ukulinda ngokungahambi kakuhle kwimizila ngexesha lokubanjwa kwentliziyo, ukubetha, okanye ukwenzakala okukhulu:
7. I-Mutual-Aid Dispatch: Iziko le-911 ngokukhawuleza lithumela i-ambulensi okanye injini yomlilo ukusuka kwisikhululo ** esele ibekwe kwicala elivalelekileyo lemizila ** (okanye ukusuka kwidolophu engummelwane ngaphaya komgca wesiphaluka).
8. ** I-Patient Litter Relay (KUPHELA Emva kokuba i-Railroad Dispatcher iqinisekisa ukuba uloliwe utshixiwe ngaphandle / ukhuselwe "ngoMmandla oBomvu / uKhuseleko lweTrack"):** Kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo zepeninsula ezifileyo apho kungekho sithuthi sinokufikelela kwelinye icala, uMlawuli weSigqeba soMlilo uqhagamshelane noMphathi kaLoliwe oyiNtloko ukuze abeke ngokusesikweni ** Umkhondo kunye nexesha / i-Blue-Flag yokuphuma kwi-Lock-Flag kwi-Lock yesitimela hlala unyathela kwi-ballast.

Inqanaba lesi-3: I-anatomy yomatshini wemoto kaloliwe: kutheni ukunyuka ngaphezulu kwe-coupler okanye ukukhasa phantsi kwamavili ngumgibe wokufa.¶

Abantu abangazange basebenze malunga nomzila kaloliwe bajonga umsantsa phakathi kweebhokisi ezimbini ezipakiweyo okanye iimoto zetanki kwaye bacinge: * "Kukho intsimbi ebanzi edibanisa iimoto ezimbini kunye neqonga elincinci, ndiyakwazi ukunyathela phezu kwayo ngemizuzwana emi-2."

Nasi isizathu sokuba abasebenzi bakaloliwe bathintelwe ngokungqongqo phantsi kwefederal FRA Imithetho yoKhuseleko lweNdawo yokuSebenza (49 CFR Part 218) ekubeni ukhe wanyathela kwi-coupler okanye urhubuluza phantsi kwemoto ngaphandle kokutshintsha okutshixwayo kunye nokukhusela iflegi eluhlaza:

1. Isixhobo soYilo esiKhuselweyo (Telescoping Sill Crush Zone):
2. Iimoto zale mihla zothutho, ngakumbi iibhokisi, ii-atoracks, kunye neeflatcars ezithwele imithwalo eethe-ethe, zixhotyiswe nge-iyunithi zokuphela kwemoto ze-hydraulic (sliding center sills) ngasemva kweqhosha le-coupler elityibilikayo 38 ukuya kwi-50 yeesentimitha (i-intshi ezi-15 ukuya kwezi-20) ngaphakathi kwisakhelo semoto xa ingqutywa.
3. Ukuba unyathela kwi-coupler shank okanye ubeke isandla sakho kwipleyiti yentsimbi ukuze uzinyuse phakathi kweemoto ezimbini ngelo xesha iliza elithambileyo liqengqeleka kuloliwe, i-coupler teleskopu iisentimitha ezingama-45 (i-intshi ezili-18) ngqo kwisitya sentsimbi nge 225 yeetoni zemetric (500,000 yeeponti) yamandla acinezelayo, iyayityumza.
4. Igrisi emtyibilizi, iBrake Rods, kunye neBallast eHamba phantsi kwemoto:
5. Ngaphantsi kwemoto kaloliwe kuhlala imayizi ejingayo esezantsi imithombo yomoya ecinezelekileyo yebrake, iirodi zokuqhobosha iibrake longitudinal, amatyathanga, kunye neevalvu zokukhupha umzantsi nje iisentimitha eziyi-25 ukuya kwi-40 (i-intshi ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-16) ngaphezulu okutsolo, okushukumayo okutyumkileyo-ibhola lebhola legranite.
6. Okubi nakakhulu, xa iziqhoboshi zomoya zikhulula okanye zisebenza ukude ukusuka kwikhabhi yelocomotive kumgama oziikhilomitha ezi-3, i-under-car-car brake rods igqabhuka ngamandla emacaleni phantsi kwe-620 kPa (90 psi) yoxinzelelo lwe-pneumatic cylinder* naphambi kokuba amavili ajike, abethe okanye acinezele nabani na ogobe ngaphantsi kwenqwelo.
7. ** Kutheni ungekhe "utsibe nje ucace" ukuba uva iimoto ezijikelezayo: **
8. Inyathelo lokudelela lihamba kuloliwe womthwalo njengoluhlu lweedominoes eziwayo ku 45 ukuya kwi-85 yeemitha ngesekhondi (150 ukuya kwi-280 iinyawo ngesekhondi). Ngexesha indlebe yakho isiva intsimbi ethi "BANG-BANG-BANG" yee-couplers zibetha iimoto ezintathu kude nawe, une ngaphantsi kwe-0.25 imizuzwana phambi kokuba imoto itsibe iimitha ezi-3 (iinyawo ezili-10) ezantsi kumzila, ngokukhawuleza kunexesha lokuphendula nge-neuromuscular yabantu (0.5 to 0.75 seconds).

Inqanaba lesi-4: Kutheni amapolisa asekuhlaleni ehlala ENGAKWAZI itikiti likaloliwe lokuthintela ukuwela (i-Federal Preemption), kunye nento enokwenziwa yidolophu yakho¶

Udano oluxhaphakileyo kubahlali noosodolophu basekuhlaleni bayabuza: “Ilizwe lethu linommiselo othi uloliwe akanako ukuvala indlela kawonke-wonke ngaphezu kwemizuzu eli-10 okanye eli-15: kutheni umphathi wamapolisa asekuhlaleni engababambeli abasebenzi bakaloliwe okanye ahlawulise uloliwe?”

1. I-Federal Preemption phantsi kwe-ICCTA (49 U.S.C. Section 10501(b)) kunye neFRSA (49 U.S.C. Section 20106):
2. Kuthotho lwezigqibo zeNkundla ePhakamileyo yelizwe kulo lonke elase-United States, iinkundla zibambe ukuba imithetho yelizwe kunye nekamasipala emisela umda ukuba uloliwe angavala ixesha elingakanani na xa unqumla (ngokuqhelekileyo 5, 10, okanye imizuzu eli-15) izigwebo zefederal (zibethelwa phantsi njengokunganyanzelisiyo) nguMthetho wokuTyishwa kweKomishoni yoRhwebo lwaNgaphakathi (Interstate Commerce Commission Termination Act)ICCTA)** kunye ** noMthetho woKhuseleko kumgaqo kaLoliwe weFederal (FRSA)**, kuba ukunyanzela uloliwe ukuba ahambe ngokukhawuleza okanye ahlukane kulawula ukusebenza kukaloliwe phakathi kwamazwe kunye nemithetho yokhuseleko lweziqhoboshi zomoya ebekelwe kuphela urhulumente wobumbano.
3. Izisombululo eZimbini eziSebenzayo kuBumelwane obuThintelwe ngokuNgapheliyo:
4. 1. I-automated "Izinzwa eziThintelweyo ezinqamlezileyo" eziQhagamshelwe kwi-911 CAD Dispatch: Izixeko ezininzi ezahlulwe ziipaseji zempahla ezixakekileyo zifakele ezingabizi kakhulu i-radar/i-optical crossing-occupancy sensors kwisitulo ngasinye sikaloliwe esondla idatha ephilayo ngqo kwi- 911 Computer-Aided Dispatch (CAD) imephu yomzila. Nanini na xa uloliwe evala u-A, i-911 software ye-GPS indlela ezizenzekelayo eziphendula ii-ambulensi kunye neenjini zomlilo phezu kwendawo evulekileyo yokuwela i-B, igcina imizuzu emi-4 ukuya kwe-8 yokubuyela umva okubulalayo ngexesha lokubanjwa kwentliziyo.
5. 2. UkuFayila iiNgxelo zoLuntu lweSininzi kwiFRA Blocked Crossing Portal (fra.dot.gov/blockedcrossings): Xa abahlali kunye nabaphathi bomlilo bendawo beloga yonke isithuba seeyure ezininzi besebenzisa i- 7-character USDOT Crossing ID, urhulumente wakho kamasipala unokusebenzisa loo dataset yaseburhulumenteni ukuphumelela izigidi zeedola USDOT / FRA Railroad Crossing Elimination (RCE) Izibonelelo (49 U.S.C. Section 22909) ukwakha uhola wendlela osisigxina okanye ohamba ngaphantsi.

Iinombolo zengingqi zikaxakeka kunye neeprothokholi ze-arhente¶

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho¶

Kutheni le nto kufuneka ndifowunele inombolo ye-Blue ENS Sign kwisikhululo sikaloliwe PHAMBI kokufowunela u-911 ukuba imoto yam ihleli eziporweni?¶

Ukuba imoto yakho iyashesha okanye ixinge kumzila kaloliwe, uloliwe ohamba ngemithwalo uhamba nge-90 yeekhilomitha ngeyure (55 mph) uthatha ngaphezu kwe-1.6 yeekhilomitha (imayile e-1 epheleleyo, okanye amabala ebhola ali-18) ukuze ame EMVA kokuba injineli itsale isithinteli sokuqhawuka sikaxakeka. Ukuba ufowunela u-911 kuqala, umqhubi we-county 911 kufuneka acinge ukuba yeyiphi inkampani kaloliwe engumnini wendlela, ajonge inombolo yakhe yefowuni, afowunele umzila kaloliwe, kwaye uzame ukucacisa ukuba ukwesiphi isitalato, ukuhanjiswa okuthatha imizuzu emi-3 ukuya kwemi-6, ngelo xesha uloliwe sele etyhobozile kwisithuthi sakho. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukubiza inombolo yefowuni ye-24/7 eprintiweyo kwi-Blue ENS Sign ekunqamlezweni idibanisa ngqo kwi-Train Dispatcher kaloliwe kwimizuzwana ye-15: umzuzu ufunda i-ID ye-6-digit-plus-1-ileta ye-IDOT yokuwela i-ID kweso sibonakaliso, i-dispatcher ibeka ngokukhawuleza ukumisa ngokukhawuleza ukusasazwa kuwo wonke uloliwe kulo mzila.

Ukuba imoto yam isendleleni kwaye uloliwe uza ngakum, kutheni iingcali zokhuseleko zisithi BALEKA NGIYA kuloliwe ozayo nge-engile ye-45-degree?¶

Kuvakala kuchasene nokuhamba okanye ukubaleka kwicala eliqhelekileyo likaloliwe ozayo, kodwa yifiziksi esulungekileyo: xa i-locomotive yeetoni ezili-15,000 ibetha imoto emileyo okanye ilori ngeekhilomitha ezingama-80 ngeyure (50 mph), imoto igqabhuka ibe yintsimbi ephaphazelayo, iglasi, kunye namalungu enjini aphoswe ezantsi ngendlela efanayo kwi-baseball. ngelulwane). Ukuba ubaleka kuloliwe wehla ngomzila okanye uhlale unxusene noololiwe kwicala ahamba ngalo uloliwe, inkunkuma ephaphazelayo yemoto yakho iya kukubetha ngasemva. Ukubaleka kwimizila nge-engile ye-45-degree umva ukuya kwicala avela kulo uloliwe kukubeka ngokukhuselekileyo emva kwendawo yempembelelo kwaye uphume kwi-debris cone yangaphambili.

Kuthekani ukuba amasango anqumlayo axingekile kwaye izibane zidanyaza kangangemizuzu engama-20, kodwa AKUKHO loliwe obonakalayo?¶

Ungaze ucinge ukuba imiqondiso "yaphukile nje" kwaye uqhube ujikeleze amasango athotyiweyo, ngakumbi ukuba kukho iingoma ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu okanye ijika elikufutshane. Amasango okuwela umzila kaloliwe asebenza kwisekethe yombane evaliweyo "engaphumeleliyo": ukuba umzila kaloliwe uyaphuka, ucingo lunqunyulwe, abasebenzi bokulondoloza basebenza phantsi komgca, okanye uloliwe ode uyasondela, amasango awela ngokuzenzekelayo. Esikhundleni sokuqhuba ujikeleze amasango, nqakraza ngokukhuselekileyo, uhambe uye kwindawo yokuwela ukuze ufunde i-Blue ENS Sign, kwaye ubize iNombolo yeNgxamiseko ye-24/7 ye-Railroad kunye ne-ID ye-7-character Crossing ukuze ubike "Isixhobo esiSebenzayo esiLumkiso esiSebenzayo (49 CFR Icandelo 234)." Umthumeli womzila kaloliwe unokukuxelela ngefowuni ukuba ngaba uloliwe uyasondela kwaye uya kuthumela ngokukhawuleza umgcini wesignali kunye nepolisa lendawo ukuba lifake iflegi ye-traffic ngokukhuselekileyo kwi-intersection.

Ngaba yinyani ukuba eCanada uloliwe awuvumelekanga ngokusemthethweni ukuba avale indlela yokuwela ngaphezulu kwemizuzu emi-5?¶

Ewe. Ngokungafaniyo ne-United States, apho iinkundla zomdibaniso ziye zabonisa ubukhulu becala imida yexesha likarhulumente ekunqumleni okuvaliweyo, iCanada inommiselo womanyano onyanzeliswayo phantsi kweCandelo lama-97 leMimiselo yeBanga lokuwela iCanada (SOR/2014-275). Phantsi kweCandelo 97(1), akuvumelekanga ukuba isixhobo sikaloliwe sishiywe simi kwindawo enqumlayo, okanye ukuze kuqhutywe imisebenzi yokutshintsha, ngendlela ethintela ukunqumla kwinqanaba likawonke-wonke, kubandakanywa nokuvula izixhobo zesango, ngaphezu kwemizuzu emi-5 xa isithuthi okanye sabahambi ngeenyawo silindele ukunqumla. Ukongezelela, phantsi kweCandelo 97(2), ukuba isithuthi sikaxakeka (i-ambulensi, umlilo, okanye amapolisa) sifuna ukunqumla kwindawo yokuwela ibakala eKhanada, abasebenzi bakaloliwe bafanele bathabathe inyathelo elikhawulezileyo lokuyicoca indlela yokunqumla, kungakhathaliseki ukuba bamise ixesha elifutshane kangakanani na.

Ndingahamba-JIKELEZA phambili kanye kwisikhululo sikaloliwe esimisiweyo okanye umva kanye wemoto yokugqibela ukuba ndihlala kumgama ozimitha ezi-3 (iinyawo ezili-10) kude?¶

Hayi. Ungaze uhambe unqumla isiporo phakathi kweemitha ezili-15 (iinyawo ezingama-50) nokuba yimpumlo yangaphambili yesitishi esimisiweyo okanye isibini esingemva semoto yokugqibela ("isixhobo se-EOT / End-of-Train"). Okokuqala, injineli kaloliwe ehleli kumgama oziimitha ezi-4.5 (iinyawo ezili-15) ukuphakama kwikhebhu inendawo enkulu eyimfama enobude obuziimitha ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-15 (iinyawo ezingama-35 ukuya kwezingama-50) ngokuthe ngqo phambi kwempumlo yentsimbi yekhephu yesitimela kwaye ayikwazi ukubona umntu ohamba ngeenyawo enyathela ngaphaya koololiwe. Okwesibini, njengoko kuchaziwe kwisilumkiso seSlack Action ngasentla, imoto engasemva kaloliwe omileyo wothutho ingabhudla umva ngobundlobongela 3 ukuya 5 yeemitha (10 ukuya 16 iinyawo) ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha somzuzwana xa ilocomotive kumgama oziikhilomitha ezi-3 igxalathelana ukudelela ukuze iqalise ukuhamba. Kuphela uwele kwindawo emiselweyo yokunqumla kawonke-wonke emva kokuba uloliwe eshenxise ngokupheleleyo isiphambuka namasango aphakame ngokupheleleyo nezibane ziyekile ukudanyaza.

Izikhokelo ezinxulumeneyo¶

• Ukuvalwa kwebhulorho, ukuvalwa kwephenyane, kunye nesiqithi esikwanti okanye ingxaki yokubonelela ngepeninsula
• Ugqabhuko-dubulo lwezityalo zekhemikhali, ukudilika koololiwe, kunye nekhusi-kwindawo yotywino
• Ukucima kokuthunyelwa kwe-911 ngexesha likaxakeka, ukucima kocingo lwengingqi, kunye nesikhululo somlilo sokungena
• Ukuqhekeka kwemoto kunye nokhuseleko lohola wendlela
• Amanani kaxakeka kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe

Imithombo kunye nezikhokelo ezisemthethweni¶

• Ulawulo lwe-Federal Railroad (i-FRA / iSebe lezoThutho laseMelika): 49 CFR Icandelo le-234 Subpart E (IiNkqubo zeZaziso eziNgxamisekileyo / Iimpawu ze-ENS eziBlue kwi-Highway-Rail Grade Crossings), i-National Crossing Inventory Database, kunye ne-FRA Public Blocked Crossing Reporting Portal (fra.dot.gov/blockedcrossings).
• Ukusebenza komsindisi wobomi (oli.org, US, Canada, UK, & International Rail Safety Education): *I-Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Survival Protocols: I-Physics of Freight Train Slack Action, i-Slack Distance, i-Multi-Track "I-Second Train" imigibe, kunye ne-45-Degree Stalled Vehicle Evacuation *.
• I-Canada yezoThutho, iCandelo loKhuseleko lwezoLoliwe: IMimiselo yokuNqamla iBanga (SOR/2014-275, iCandelo 97: Ukunyanzeliswa kweMizuzu emi-5 yoMda kwiiTreyini eziSimayo eziValela ukunqumla koLuntu kunye noMyalelo wokuKhawulwa ngokukhawuleza kwiZithuthi eziNgxamisekileyo; iCandelo le-107: Iimpawu zeSaziso seNgxakeko).
• **I-U.S. I-Ofisi ye-Accountability kaRhulumente (i-GAO) kunye neNkonzo yoPhando lweCongressional **: UKhuseleko lokuwela umzila kaloliwe: Ukuvavanya ukulibaziseka kweZithuthi eziNgxamisekileyo kwiBanga eliThintelweyo kunye ne-Federal Preemption phantsi kwe-ICCTA (49 U.S.C. Section 10501(b)) kunye neFRSA (49 U.S.C. Section 20106).
• I-Network Rail & Ofisi yase-UK ye-Rail and Road (ORR): Inqanaba lokuwela iSikhokelo soKhuseleko loMsebenzisi kunye neeProtokholi zeFowuni eziNgqongileyo zoMqondiso oNgqongileyo.