Ukuphendula kwisimangalo sezoRhwebo, iSamani, okanye ukuLawulwa kokuyeka kunye nokuyeka¶

Ukunikezelwa isamani yembambano kunye nesikhalazo ngumncedisi wenkqubo phambi kwabathengi, ukuvula imvulophu yeposi eqinisekisiweyo equlethe ** Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Title III** storefront ngokomzimba okanye WCAG website yofikelelo ileta yokufikeleleka, okanye ukufumana ulawulo Subpoena Duces Tecum okanye **Civil Investigative Demand from acute financial Demand(CID) Ingaba uxwebhu luyi-serial accessibility lawsuit ejoliswe kwindawo yokupaka i-slope edlula i-2 ekhulwini okanye i-alt-text ye-website elahlekileyo, iisamani zokophulwa kwesivumelwano sorhwebo, okanye umyalelo wokuyeka nokuyeka, eyona mpazamo inye eyonakalisayo umnini-shishini anokuyenza kukutyeshela uxwebhu okanye ukuthumela i-imeyile ingcaciso ngokuthe ngqo kummangali.

Kwiinkundla zomdibaniso kunye neenkundla zasekuhlaleni, 21-intsuku ezingama-21 okanye iintsuku ezingama-30 ewotshi yokuphendula ngokusemthethweni iqalisa ukuphawula xa kusenziwa isamani. Ngenxa yokuba i-corporation okanye i- Limited Liability Company (i-LLC) ayinakuzibonakalisa * i-pro se * enkundleni ngaphandle kwegqwetha elinelayisenisi, ukulinda kude kube nguMhla we-20 okanye ukuvumela umhla wokugqibela udlule kubangele ** Isigwebo esiMiselweyo **, evumela ummangali ukuba amise ii-akhawunti zebhanki zeshishini lakho ngaphandle kokubonisa ubungqina betyala labo. Ngokukhawuleza ubale umhla wokugqibela wempendulo yakho esemthethweni, ukhuphe isaziso esibhaliweyo esithi Isaziso sokubamba iLitigation sokuyeka ukucinywa ngokuzenzekelayo, ungenise ibango lakho kwi-Commercial General Liability (CGL), I-Employment Practices Liability (EPLI), Cyber, okanye ABalawuli namaGosa (D&Oight) kwiiyure ezi-4 zomphathiswa we-inshorensi imithetho kunye neekhredithi zerhafu zamabango ofikelelo e-ADA, unokukhusela impahla yenkampani yakho.

Yenza oku ngoku¶

1. *Gcina ukhuseleko lomzimba ngexesha lenkonzo okanye uhlolo olungachazwanga. Ungaze uthintele ngokwasemzimbeni, utyhale, okanye woyikise umncedisi wenkqubo, umphathi wenkundla, okanye umhloli karhulumente kwindawo yakho; ukuba naluphi na undwendwe olungachazwanga luyala ukubonisa iziqinisekiso ezisemthethweni, luzama ukungena kwiiofisi zabucala ezitshixiweyo ngaphandle kwesigunyaziso senkundla, okanye lidale ukuphazamiseka emzimbeni, hambisa abasebenzi kwindawo ekhuselekileyo kwaye utsalele inombolo yakho kaxakeka yendawo (911 eUnited States naseKhanada, 112 kulo lonke elaseEuropean Union, 999 eUnited Kingdom, okanye ubone zonke amanani kaxakeka).
2. Rekhoda owona mhla, ixesha, indlela, kunye namamkeli wenkonzo kwimvulophu ngokukhawuleza. Bhala umhla, ixesha (umzekelo, 14:15), kunye neyona ndlela ichanekileyo yokuhanjiswa (ukuhambisa ngesandla kumntu owamkelweyo, i-imeyile eqinisekisiweyo, ukuthunyelwa kwe-arhente ebhalisiweyo, okanye ukubethelwa emnyango) kwiphepha elingaphandle elifakwe kwimvulophu yokuqala. EUnited States inkundla yomanyano (FRCP Rule 12(a)(1)(A)), une ngokungqongqo 21 yeentsuku zekhalenda ukususela kumhla wenkonzo yokufaka isicelo sokuphendula esisesikweni okanye isindululo soMthetho we-12 phambi kokuba ummangali athabathe inyathelo lokungena ngokuzenzekelayo kokusilela.
3. Ungaze ufowunele, uthumele i-imeyile, okanye ubhalele igqwetha elichasayo okanye umphandi karhulumente ngokwakho. Nantoni na oyithethayo okanye abaqeshwa bakho ekutsaleleni umnxeba okanye ubhale "ingcaciso" ye-imeyile kwigqwetha lommangali yi ukungeniswa liqela elichaseneyo phantsi kwe Federal Rule of Evidence 801(d)(2) eya kuqhotyoshelwa kwi-Bit A kwinkampani yakho. Lonke unxibelelwano kufuneka ludlule kumcebisi wakho ogciniweyo okanye igqwetha elikhuselayo kwiinshorensi.
4. Ithenda yesimangalo okanye ileta yokunyanzelisa kuye wonke umntu onokuthi asebenze kwiinshurensi kwiiyure ezingama-48. Musa ukucinga ukuba ipolisi yakho ye-inshorensi ayilibandakanyi ibango. Thumela iisamani epheleleyo, isikhalazo, okanye ileta yesikhalazo ngeposi eqinisekisiweyo kunye namabango okufakwa kwiphothali yakho kwi-Commercial General Liability (CGL), ABalawuli & namaGosa (D&O), Iimfanelo zokuSebenza kwezeNgqesho (EPLI), Iimpazamo & nokuSizii (E&O), kunye neLityala le-Cybers namhlanje. Phantsi kwemfundiso esemthethweni ethi "Umsebenzi wokuKhusela ubanzi kunoMsebenzi wokuKhusela," ukuba nokuba isityholo esinye kwisikhalazo sinokuthi sibangele ukhuseleko, umrhwebi unokufunwa ukuba ahlawule i-100 leepesenti yetyala lakho lokhuseleko lomthetho.
5. Nika isigunyaziso esibhaliweyo sokubamba iLitigation (iSaziso sokuGcina) kwiqela lakho le-IT kunye nabasebenzi namhlanje. Umzuzwana ufumana isimangalo, i-subpoena, okanye ileta yokunyanzelisa ngokusesikweni ebonisa ukuba ityala lilindelwe ngokufanelekileyo, unoxanduva olusemthethweni lokulondoloza amaxwebhu afanelekileyo, ii-imeyile, i-Slack/Amaqela emiyalezo, imiyalezo yekhamera yokhuseleko rhoqo ngeentsuku ezi-3 zekhamera kunye nokubhala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezi-3 zekhamera iinkuni. Ukuvumela ukucinywa kwemibhalo ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba kuqhutywe emva kokufumana isamani okanye isikhalazo kubangela izohlwayo zenkundla eziqatha ze Spoliation of ubungqina phantsi kwe FRCP Rule 37(e).
6. Ukuba ubethwe ngeWebhusayithi ye-ADA okanye ileta yemfuno yoFikelelo lwePhysical, sebenzisa uphicotho lolungiso olukhawulezileyo kwaye ujonge imithetho yelizwe lokuLungelo lokuNyanga. Phambi kokuba uhlawule imfuno yokuhlaliswa kommangali elandelelanayo, jonga ukuba urhulumente wakho ubonelela nge **saziso somthetho-kunye-nonyango lwefestile ** okanye uncitshiswe umonakalo osemthethweni kumashishini amancinci (njenge **California Civil Code Section 55p), kwaye ujonge iipropati ze-CAS5p ngoko nangoko, kwaye ujonge iipropati ze-CAS5p ngokukhawuleza. Ingcaphephe eqinisekisiweyo yokufikeleleka ukuze ilungise iWCAG 2.1 yenqanaba le-AA imiqobo yewebhusayithi okanye imiqobo yezakhiwo ezibambekayo zokuxhoma amabango oncedo olunyanzelwayo.

Isimangalo sorhwebo, imfuno ye-ADA, kunye nomthi wesigqibo se-subpoena triage¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Ishishini lifumana uXwebhu olusemthethweni: iSamani, iLeta yokuBanga, iSamani, okanye uYeka-kwaye-Yeka"] --> DocType{"Sesiphi isixhobo esisemthethweni esisifumeneyo ishishini lakho?"}

    DocType -->|"1. IiSamani zeNkundla eziFakelweyo kunye nesikhalazo (Isimangalo soluntu)"| ClockCheck["I-CLOCK EBALULEKILEYO: Iintsuku ze-21 (i-US Federal FRCP 12) okanye i-20 kwiintsuku ze-30 (iState / iPhondo / i-UK)<br/>1. Faka ngokuthe ngqo umhla, ixesha, kunye nendlela yenkonzo<br/>2. Umba uTyala lwangaphakathi Bamba namhlanje (yeka ukuzicima ngokuzenzekelayo kwiCCTV/imeyile)<br/>3. Ithenda kwi-CGL, i-D&O, i-EPLI, i-E&O, kunye nabaKhuseli be-Cyber ngaphakathi kweeyure ezingama-48"]
    ClockCheck --> InsResponse{"Ngaba i-inshurensi iyalwamkela uMsebenzi wokuKhusela (naphantsi koGcino lwamaLungelo)?"}
    InsResponse -->|"Ewe"| PanelCounsel["I-inshurensi inika uMcebisi woKhuseleko lwePhaneli (okanye uhlawula uMcebisi weCumis oZimeleyo)<br/>iifayile zeGqwetha lokuphendula, iSindululo sokuChasa, okanye iSindululo soLwandiso ngaphambi koMhla we-21"]
    InsResponse -->|"Hayi / awuqinisekanga"| RetainCounsel["Gcina uMcebisi weTyala ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufake iSaziso sokuJonga + i-30-Day Extension to Answer"]

    DocType -->|"2. Isihloko se-ADA III soMzimba okanye iWebhusayithi (WCAG) Isimangalo / iLeta yokuBanga"| ADATriage["Yenza i-4-Step ADA yoKhuselo kunye neProtokholi yoLungiso:<br/>1. Sukuphendula ngokuthe ngqo kwi-serial serial firm okanye uvume izithintelo<br/>2. Jonga i-EPLI yeQela leNgcaciso yeQela kunye ne-Inshurensi ye-Cyber ​​malunga nokhuseleko lokhuseleko <br/>3. Uphicotho-zincwadi lweziphene eziSisigxina kuMgaqo-siseko (iTransUnion / Tester stand) & Mootness<br/>4. Patch WCAG 2.1 AA / imiqobo ebonakalayo + ibango IRS Form 8826 Tax Credit ($5,000)"]

    DocType -->|"3. I-subpoena Duces Tecum okanye i-CID yoLawulo"| SubpoenaCheck{"Ngaba iSibhengezo soMntu weQela leSithathu okanye uPhando loLawulo lukaRhulumente (CID)?"}
    SubpoenaCheck -->|"Intetho yeqela lesithathu (FRCP Rule 45)"| Rule45["Khonza izichaso eziBhalwa ngokusesikweni ngeentsuku ezili-14 (FRCP 45(d)(2)(B))<br/>Ikhusela ubumfihlo babathengi/iimfihlo zorhwebo kunye nokutshintsha imirhumo ebiza kakhulu yokutsalwa kwedatha kumceli."]
    SubpoenaCheck -->|"I-CID yoLawulo / iSabhana ye-Arhente (FTC, SEC, AG, DOL, OSHA)"| CIDDefense["Bandakanya iNgcebiso ngokuLawula ngoko nangoko<br/>1. Ukuzalisekisa ukubamba iTyala ngokungqongqo<br/>2. Thetha ngokucutha umda weCID kunye neshedyuli yemveliso eqengqelekayo<br/>3. I-Assert Attorney-Cyepete yoMthengi kunye nokhuseleko lweMveliso yoMsebenzi"]

    DocType -->|"4. Ukuyeka-kwaye-Yeka / Ileta yokuFumana kwangaphambili"| DemandAudit["Vavanya uMngcipheko woMgwebo wesiBhengezo vs. Unyango:<br/>1. Ithenda kwi-inshurensi 'njengeSaziso seemeko / iMbango eBhaliweyo'<br/>2. Uphicotho lufanelekile ngengcebiso ngaphandle kokubangela umdyarho ongafanelekanga"]

Inqanaba loku-1: Ukwahlula iintlobo ezi-5 zeemeko zikaxakeka ezisemthethweni kunye neewotshi zazo ezisemthethweni¶

Ayizizo zonke iimvilophu ezisemthethweni ezoyikisayo eziphethe amandla asemthethweni afanayo okanye umhla obekiweyo. Kwiiyure ezi-2 zokuqala zokufunyanwa, jonga kwiphepha eliphezulu loxwebhu ukuze ubone ukuba unobhala wenkundla okanye i-arhente karhulumente ikhuphe umyalelo onyanzeliswayo wenkundla, okanye ukuba igqwetha labucala lithumele ileta yemfuno yangaphambili.

Ukuthelekiswa kwezixhobo zomthetho zorhwebo, amaxesha amisiweyo asemthethweni, kunye neziphumo¶

Inqanaba lesi-2: Ukukhusela ngokuchasene ne "Drive-by" ADA Physical Access kunye neWCAG Website Lawsuits¶

Amashishini amancinci naphakathi kulo lonke elase-United States (iivenkile zokutyela, iivenkile ezithengisayo, iihotele, iiofisi zonyango, kunye neempawu zorhwebo ze-e-commerce) ziithagethi ezithe gqolo zokumangalelana phantsi kwe-Isihloko III soMthetho waseMelika abaKhubazekileyo (42 U.S.C. iCandelo 12181 et.) kunye nezinto ezilingana nelizwe ezifana noMthetho we-California we-Civil (I-California Code) kunye neKhowudi ye-Civil i New York State kunye neSixeko iMithetho yamaLungelo oLuntu.

1. Indlela i-ADA Isihloko III intlawulo-shifting kunye nomthetho karhulumente konakala imithetho ukusebenza¶

• Federal ADA Title III Rule (Injunctive Relief + Attorney Fees Only): Phantsi komthetho womanyano (42 U.S.C. ICandelo 12188), ummangali wabucala omangalela phantsi kweSihlokwana III se-ADA akakwazi ukubuyisela umonakalo wemali; banokufuna kuphela ** I-Injunctive Relief ** (umyalelo ofuna ukuba ulungise umqobo womzimba okanye iwebhusayithi) ** kunye neentlawulo zegqwetha ezifanelekileyo **.
• Abaphindaphinda beMithetho yoMthetho weSizwe (eCalifornia naseNew York): ECalifornia, abamangali abalandelelanayo badibanisa ukunyhashwa kwe-ADA yomdibaniso kunye ne-Unruh Civil Rights Act, ebeka isohlwayo esisezantsi esisemthethweni se-**\(4,000 ngesenzeko ngasinye** (sithotywe ukuya kwi-1,000 yeedola okanye i-\)2,000-yokulungisa ishishini elincinane-kwishishini lokulungisa izinto ezincinci) imirhumo. ENew York, abamangali badibanisa amabango e-ADA kunye namabango e-NYSHRL/NYCHRL afuna imbuyekezo yomonakalo.

3¶

Uthotho lwabamangali ukufikelela ngokwasemzimbeni kumathambeka eendawo zokupaka ezingaphaya kwe-2 ekhulwini, imiqondiso elahlekileyo efikelelekayo yevan, imigubasi yomnyango ubude ngaphezu kwe-1.27 yeesentimitha (0.5 intshi), amandla okuvula ucango adlula iikhilogram ezi-2.27 (iikhilogram ezi-5) kwiingcango zangaphakathi, okanye igumbi lokuhlambela-ibha kunye ne-sink-umbhobho we-ADA * Ukuphakama koFikelelo* kwe-ada*2 ukuphakama.

1. **Uphicotho-zincwadi kuMqeshi-mhlaba vs.
2. Phantsi kwesibheno esingaphambili (Botosan v. Paul McNally Realty), bobabini umnini-mhlaba orhwebayo kunye nomqeshi weshishini banoxanduva ngokudibeneyo nangokuninzi kuluntu phantsi kwe-ADA Title III, nokuba sithini na isivumelwano sorhwebo. Awunakufumana ityala lichithwe ngokuxelela ijaji "umninimzi wam ungumnikazi wendawo yokupaka."
3. Nangona kunjalo, tsala uqeshiso lwakho lwentengiso namhlanje kwaye ufunde amagatya athi UkuThotyelwa kweMithetho, uLondolozo lweNdawo eQhelekileyo (CAM), kunye** ne-Indemnification. Ukuba ulwaphulo-mthetho olutyholwayo lukwindawo yokupaka izithuthi kwindawo eqhelekileyo okanye ngaphandle elawulwa ngumnini-mhlaba, nikezela ngokusesikweni Isaziso sesiThenda soKhuselo kunye noKhuseleko kumnini-mhlaba wakho ngoko nangoko.
4. Lungisa isithintelo soMzimba Ngoko nangoko ukuze uqalise "iMfundiso yeMotness":
5. Kuba kuphela federal ADA Title III iyeza Injunctive Relief, ukulungisa ngokusisigxina umqobo ngokomzimba (njengokukhulula kwakhona i-van-accessible space kunye ne-2.44-metres / 8-foot access aisle, ukufaka iimpawu ubuncinane kwi-1.52 yeemitha / iinyawo ezi-5 ngaphezu komhlaba, kunye nokukhusela i-ADA yakho yokukhusela i-adaptha kwi-sink ye-federal ivumela ukuhambisa amabango akho okukhusela kwi-adaptha yokukhusela kwi-adaptha yakho yokukhusela). Mot ngokoMgaqo-siseko phantsi kwe-FRCP Rule 12(b)(1). Nje ukuba ibango le-federal lichithwe kwangethuba, iijaji zomdibaniso zihlala zilandula igunya elongezelelweyo kumabango omthetho karhulumente.
6. Ukucela iLungelo loNyango lwamaShishini amaNcinci kunye noKhuseleko olusemthethweni lweCASp:
7. California CAsp Inspection Shield (Cal. Civ. Code Code Section 55.56): ECalifornia, ukuba ishishini lakho liye lahlolwa yi Certified Access Specialist (CASp) phambi kwenkonzo, okanye ihlangabezana nemithetho emiselweyo yamashishini amancinci kwaye ilungise konke ukwaphulwa kokufikeleleka okunxulumene nolwakhiwo ngaphakathi *60 ukuya kwi-120 yeentsuku ze-120, umonakalo osezantsi ukusuka kwi-120 yeentsuku ezisemthethweni ** $ 1,000 okanye i-$ 2,000 **, kwaye ufanelekile ngokukhawuleza ** i-90 yeentsuku zokuHlala kweNkundla kunye neNkomfa yoVavanyo kwangethuba **.

3. Iwebhusayithi kunye neMobile App Accessibility Lawsuits (WCAG 2.1 Level AA Demands)¶

Amawakawaka amashishini afumana iileta zemfuno okanye amatyala e-federal atyhola ukuba iwebhusayithi yabo ye-e-commerce okanye i-portal yokubhuka ayifumaneki kubasebenzisi abangaboniyo abaxhomekeke kwi-software yokufunda isikrini (i-JAWS, i-NVDA, okanye i-VoiceOver), ekhankanya ** Izikhokelo zokuFikelela koMxholo wewebhu (WCAG) 2.1 Inqanaba le-AA **.

1. ** Sukuthembela kuphela kuFikelelo oluLondolozayo kwiWidgets**:
2. Umgca omnye weJavaScript "ufikelelo olungaphezulu" iibar zesixhobo aziniki i-ADA ingakhuseleki. Iifemu zomthetho zommangali zijolise ngokukodwa kwiiwebhusayithi ezisebenzisa ii-ayikwayo ezizenzekelayo, zityhola ukuba iwijethi ezizivelelayo ziphazamisana nabafundi bescreen somthonyama kwaye ziyasilela ukulungisa iilebhile zefom yeHTML kunye nemigibe yebhodibhodi.
3. Yenza iNqanaba leKhowudi eyiNyaniso WCAG 2.1 AA Audit kunye noLungiso:
4. Yalela abaphuhlisi bakho okanye umthengisi wofikelelo ukuba alungise izithinteli zokufunda zesikrini ezingundoqo kwiphepha lakho eliphezulu lezendlela (Ikhaya, iMveliso/amaphepha eNkonzo, Inqwelo, Ukuphuma, kunye noQhagamshelwano):
   • Yongeza inkcazo alt="" Iimpawu kwimifanekiso enentsingiselo (kwaye ayinanto alt="" kwimizobo yokuhombisa);
   • Qinisekisa i-100 yepesenti yeemenyu, ii-modal pop-ups, kunye namaqhosha okuphuma asebenza kusetyenziswa kuphela Tab, Enter, Space, kwaye Escape izitshixo ngomsesane wojoliso obonakalayo kunye nonothiyi wezitshixo zebhodi yezitshixo;
   • Nxulumanisa yonke ifom <input> indawo enenkqubo <label> okanye aria-label;
   • Gcina umlinganiselo osezantsi wokuthelekisa umbala wokubhaliweyo ukuya ngasemva ongu 4.5:1 (3:1 kumbhalo omkhulu); kwaye
   • Yongeza amagama avaliweyo achanekileyo kwiividiyo ezizinzisiweyo.
5. Papasha iNgxelo yokuFikelela kwiWebhusayithi kunye noCelomngeni "uKuma koMvavanyi":
6. Yongeza i **Ingxelo yokuFikelela ** ikhonkco kwi-footer yakho namhlanje ngenombolo yefowuni ye-24/7 kunye ne-imeyile yoncedo lomntu.
7. Ngaphantsi kwe-TransUnion LLC v. Ramirez (2021) kunye nezigwebo zesibheno kwiisekethe ezininzi, ummangali "umvavanyi wewebhusayithi" olandelelanayo otyelela indawo kuphela ukuzingela iimpazamo zekhowudi yobugcisa ** ngaphandle kwenjongo yokwenene yokusebenzisa ishishini lakho** ngokufuthi kusilela Inqaku le-III lokuma koMgaqo-siseko kwinkundla yomanyano.

4. Faka ibango le-Federal IRS Disabled Access Credit (iFomu 8826) kunye neCandelo le-190 lokutsalwa¶

• I-IRS Form 8826 (Disabled Access Credit, 26 U.S.C. Section 44): Amashishini amancinci afanelekileyo (**\(1,000,000 okanye ngaphantsi kwiirisithi ezipheleleyo** OKANYE **30 okanye ngaphantsi kwabasebenzi bexesha elizeleyo** kunyaka owandulelayo) bangenza ibango lofikelelo lwetyala elihlawulelwayo ***20 yepesenti ye-eligi ye-federal ***20 yepesenti ye-eligi ye-federal. I-\) 10,250, inikezela ukuya ku- $ 5,000 yekhredithi yerhafu ethe ngqo minyaka le yokususwa komqobo wokwakha kunye nokulungiswa kwewebhusayithi yeWCAG efanelekayo.
• I-IRS iCandelo le-190 lokuNcitshiswa kwe-Architectural Barrier Removal: Naliphi na ishishini linokutsalwa ukuya kutsho ku- $15,000 ngonyaka ngeendleko ezifanelekileyo ezenziweyo ukususa imiqobo yezakhiwo ezibonakalayo.

Inqanaba lesi-3: Ukunika ityala kubathwali beinshorensi yakho (Ukuxhokonxa "Umsebenzi wokuKhusela")¶

Ngaphambi kokuba uhlawule epokothweni yomcebisi wamatyala abucala, hlola ipotifoliyo yakho ye-inshurensi yorhwebo.

Kutheni kufuneka ungenise iTenda yoKhuselo ebhaliweyo ngokusesikweni kwiiyure ezingama-48¶

1. **Umgaqo "weekona ezine" kunye noMsebenzi wokuKhusela **:
2. Ngaphantsi komthetho we-inshurensi, i-inshurensi **Uxanduva lokuKhusela ** (imfanelo yayo yokuqesha kunye nokuhlawula abameli bokukhusela) ** ibanzi kunoMsebenzi wayo wokuKhuselwa ** (imfanelo yayo yokuhlawula isigwebo sokugqibela).
3. Ukuba ummangali ufaka isikhalazo sezibalo ezili-10 apho ukubalwa kwe-9 kutyhilwa iingxabano zekhontrakthi, kodwa nje ubalo olu-1 lutyhola ibango elinokuthi ligqunywe (njengokuchazwa kakubi ngokungakhathali, ukuhlambalaza okanye ukuthotywa kwemveliso phantsi kwe-CGL Coverage B, ukukhutshwa ngokungafanelekanga, okanye ucalucalulo lomntu wesithathu phantsi kwe-EPLI), i-insureblited general** i-insureblited general*.
4. Ngowuphi uMgaqo-nkqubo we-Inshorensi oQhubela iSimangalo seNgxakeko:
5. I-Commercial General Liability (CGL) i-Inshorensi ye-A & Inshorensi B (Ukwenzakala koBuqu kunye neNtengiso): Ibandakanya ukwenzakala komzimba, umonakalo wepropathi, KUNYE ne-Inshorensi B yamabango ongcoliso, inkcaso yorhwebo, ukuthotywa kwemveliso, ukungenelwa kobumfihlo, ilungelo lokushicilela/ukwaphulwa kwempahla yorhwebo kwintengiso, kunye nokukhutshwa ngendlela engafanelekanga.
6. I-Inshurensi ye-Employment Practices Liability Insurance (EPLI) ene-"Third-Party Discrimination" Endorsement: Imigaqo-nkqubo emininzi ye-EPLI yanamhlanje ibandakanya I-Third-Party-Party Liability Endorsement ehlawulela iindleko zokukhusela xa umthengi okanye ilungu loluntu limangalela ucalucalulo, kubandakanywa ne-ADA Title III ngokwasemzimbeni kunye namabango okufikeleleka kwewebhusayithi.
7. Abalawuli kunye namaGosa (i-D&O), iimpazamo kunye nokuNgenziswayo (E&O), kunye noButyala kwi-Cyber: I-D&O yenkampani yabucala (iSide C seQumrhu) ibandakanya amabango olawulo lweshishini olubanzi kunye neesamani zolawulo; I-E&O ibandakanya iimbambano zenkonzo yobungcali; I-Cyber ​​ibandakanya uphando lwabucala kunye noxanduva lwemidiya.
8. Ungaze Wamkele Ilizwi elithi "Hayi" elivela kuMrhwebi we-Inshurensi kunye neNtetho emiselweyo yamaBango enziwe ngamaBango:
9. Gxininisa ukuba i-broker yakho ingenise isimangalo okanye ileta yokunyanzelisa kwi-iSebe laMabango lomthwali ngamnye ngembalelwano ngoko nangoko. I-EPLI, i-D&O, i-E&O, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo ye-Cyber ​​yilezi "I-Claims-Made and Reported" imigaqo-nkqubo ephatha i-pre-suit ebhaliweyo yeleta yemfuno njenge "Bango" ngosuku oyifumana ngalo; ukusilela ukuxela ileta yemfuno yangaphambili phambi kokuba uhlaziyo lomgaqo-nkqubo luphulukane nokhuseleko xa isimangalo sifakiwe kamva.
10. Ukufuna oZimeleyo ("Cumis") Umcebisi woKhuselo xa kukho ukungqubana komdla:
11. Ukuba i-inshurensi yakho iyavuma ukukhusela phantsi kwe-"Ugcino lwamaLungelo" ileta eyenza impixano yokwenyani kumatyala agqunyiweyo ngokuchasene namanani angafihlwanga, imimiselo efana ne-California Civil Code Section 2860 (Cumis umcebisi)* (kunye nemfundiso yeGoldfarb okanye Peppers kwamanye amazwe) ifuna umxhasi we-inshurensi* ahlawule umkhuseli ukuze ahlawule.

Inqanaba lesi-4: Ukuphunyezwa kokuBamba iTyala kwangoko (Ukunqanda iZohlwayo zeSpoliation)¶

Ngelixa ishishini lakho lihanjiswa ngesimangalo, iisamani, i-CID, okanye i-pre-suit demand letter egrogrisa isimangalo, Umsebenzi woLondolozo lweNgcaciso eGciniweyo ngeKhompyutha (ESI) kunye noBungqina bePhysical incamathele. Ngaphantsi kwe-** Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 37(e), ukungaphumeleli ukuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo okugcina ii-imeyile ezifanelekileyo, iingxoxo, iirekhodi ze-accounting, okanye i-CCTV footage emva kokuba isimangalo senzeke kwangaphambili sinokubangela ** I-Spoliation Sanctions, kubandakanywa ** Umyalelo oPhambili weNgcaciso ** okanye ** Isigwebo esiMiselweyo **.

Imizuzu eli-15 ye-IT kunye noLuhlu lokuHlola oluBambiseneyo lwaBasebenzi¶

1. Rhoxisa konke ukucinywa okuzenzekelayo kunye nokubhala ngaphezulu kweendlela zendlela kwangoko:
2. IKhamera yoKhuseleko (CCTV / NVR) Umboniso: Uninzi lweenkqubo ze-DVR/NVR zorhwebo zibhala ngaphezulu ividiyo rhoqo nge-7 ukuya kwiintsuku ze-30. Thumela iifayile zevidiyo ekrwada kuzo zonke iikhamera ezifanelekileyo kwiidrive ezimbini zangaphandle ezifundwayo kuphela kunye nokugcinwa kwelifu namhlanje, kwaye urekhode i-SHA-256 hash ukubonisa ubungqina bekhonkco lokubanjwa.
3. I-Email & Chat Auto-Purge (Google Workspace / Microsoft 365 / Slack / Teams): Yalela i-IT ukuba ivumele **iGoogle Vault Hold ** okanye Microsoft Purview Litigation Hold kwiiakhawunti zabo bonke abasebenzi ababandakanyekayo ("Abagcini").
4. IiLaptop zaBasebenzi kunye neeFowuni: Musa ** susula, useta ngokutsha, okanye unike kwakhona ilaptop okanye i-smartphone yakhe nawuphi na umsebenzi obandakanyekayo.
5. Thumela iSaziso sokuBamba iTyala esiSisekweni kuBasebenzi abaMnene:
6. Yalela abasebenzi ngembalelwano ukuba bangacimi, batshintshe, okanye bahlele naziphi na ii-imeyile, imiyalezo ebhaliweyo, imiyalezo yencoko, okanye amanqaku anxulumene nalo mbandela, kwaye ubalumkise ukuba bangahlebi malunga nesimangalo kwi-Slack yangaphakathi okanye i-imeyile (njengoko iingxoxo zangaphakathi ezingezizo igqwetha zifunyanwa).

Isigaba sesi-5: Ukuphendula kwi-Subpoena Duces Tecum (uMthetho wama-45) okanye i-CID yoLawulo¶

Xa umncedisi wenkqubo ekunika i- **Subpoena Duces Tecum ** eyalela ukuveliswa kweerekhodi zabathengi, iifayile zokuhlawula, okanye izivumelwano zokumangalela omnye umntu:

1. Ungaze Ukhuphe Imeyile eyimfihlo yomThengi okanye uMsebenzi ngoSuku loku-1:
2. Ukuguqula iirekhodi zonyango / zabasebenzi, idatha yemali yabathengi, okanye iirekhodi ze-NDA zeqela lesithathu ngaphandle kwesaziso esisemthethweni esifunekayo okanye inkundla ** Umyalelo woKhuseleko ** unokuveza ishishini lakho kwityala labucala phantsi kwe-HIPAA, GLBA, CCPA, okanye GDPR.
3. Nikela izichaso eziBhalwa ngokusesikweni kwifestile yeentsuku ezili-14 (FRCP Rule 45(d)(2)(B)):
4. Phantsi i-FRCP Rule 45(d)(2)(B), enikezela izichaso ezibhaliweyo kwangexesha phambi komhla wokuthotyelwa kwangaphambili okanye iintsuku ezili-14 zekhalenda emva kwenkonzo ngokuzenzekelayo kugcina uxanduva lwakho lokuvelisa amaxwebhu.
5. Nje ukuba izichaso ezifike ngexesha zinikezelwe, igqwetha elikhuphayo kufuneka lidibane kwaye linikezele ngesicelo sokunciphisa, lifake Ukugcinwa kweMfihlo / uMyalelo woKhuselo, kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukubuyisela iindleko zakho zokutsalwa kwedatha ezingeyonxalenye yeqela phantsi kwe- FRCP Rule 45(d)(1).

Inqanaba lesi-6: Imibhalo ebhaliweyo nezaziso ezisemthethweni¶

ISikripthi 1: Ithenda eNgxamisekileyo yoKhuselo kunye ne-Indemnity kubaThuthi be-Inshurensi¶

Thumela nge-imeyile kunye ne-imeyile eqinisekisiweyo kwiSebe laMabango kuyo yonke i-inshurensi enokuthi isebenze kwiiyure ezingama-48:

Umxholo: ITHENDA EXAMISEKILEYO YOKHUSELEKO KUNYE NOKHUSELEKO: [Igama leNkampani Yakho] / Iinombolo zePolisi. [Dwelisa onke amaNombolo ePolisi] / [Igama letyala okanye iLeta yeBango]
"kwiSebe laMabango [leGama le-Inshurensi]:

*Ngokungqinelana nesaziso kunye nezibonelelo zokhuselo zeNombolo (ii) zoMgaqo-nkqubo [iiNombolo zoMgaqo-nkqubo] (kunye nazo zonke ezinye iindlela eziphambili, iambrela, okanye imigaqo-nkqubo egqithisileyo ekhutshelwe [iGama leNkampani Yakho]), nceda wamkele le leta njengesemthethweni IsiXeko soKhuselo kunye neSibango sokuKhuselwa malunga nolu xwebhu luqhotyoshelweyo [Iisamani kunye nesiKhalazo / iSivumelwano esibhaliweyo esifunyenwe kwangaphambili kwiSigunyaziso seNkonzo].

*Umhla wokugqibela omiselwe ngokomthetho wokufaka isicelo sokuphendula ngu [Umhla ochanekileyo]. Sicela uqinisekiso olubhaliweyo zingaphelanga iintsuku ezintlanu (5) zokwenza umsebenzi wokuba [Igama le-Inshurensi] liya kuwamkela umsebenzi walo wokukhusela [iGama leNkampani Yakho] kwaye linike umcebisi wezokhuselo (okanye ligunyazise igqwetha elizimeleyo) ukuba lifumane ukwandiswa kwexesha lokuphendula.

Nceda uqhagamshelane nomntu osayine ngezantsi ngoko nangoko [kwiNombolo yeFowuni] kunye [nedilesi ye-imeyile] kunye neNombolo yeBango owabelweyo kunye neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zoLungelelaniso."

Iscript 2: Umqeshwa waNgaphakathi kunye nokubamba iTyala le-IT (Isaziso sokuGcina)¶

Ukusasaza ngokukhawuleza kubalawuli be-IT kunye nabasebenzi ababandakanyekayo:

Umxholo: ILUNGELO & LIYIMFIHLO: Ukubanjwa ngokusemthethweni okunyanzelekileyo kunye neSaziso sokuGcinwa koXwebhu
"Ukuya: [Uluhlu lwabaSebenzi abaFanelekileyo kunye noMlawuli we-IT] / Ukusuka: kuLawulo kunye noMcebisi wezoMthetho

*[Igama leNkampani yakho] ifumene isaziso esisemthethweni esisemthethweni malunga [nenkcazelo emfutshane engathathi hlangothi]. Phantsi komthetho womanyano kunye nowelizwe, inkampani yethu inoxanduva lomthetho olungqongqo lokugcina zonke iirekhodi ezifanelekileyo ezinokubakho nezombane.

Isebenza ngoko nangoko, SUKU cima, ukubhala ngaphezulu, ukuqhekeza, ukuhlela, okanye ukutshabalalisa nawaphi na amaxwebhu, ii-imeyile, imiyalezo ebhaliweyo, imiyalezo ye-Slack/yeQela, ii-voicemails, iikhontrakthi, ii-invoyisi, okanye umboniso wekhamera yokhuseleko owenziwe phakathi [Umhla wokuqalisa] kunye nolo lwangoku olunxulumene [noMba woMxholo].

*Inyathelo leIT liyafuneka Namhlanje: UMlawuli wethu we-IT uyalelwa ukuba arhoxise ngoko nangoko konke ucimo oluzenzekelayo, ukugcinwa kwe-imeyile ngokuzenzekelayo, kunye neshedyuli yokubhala ngaphezulu kwevidiyo yeCCTV yeeakhawunti kunye nezixhobo zabantu ngabanye kwesi saziso.

Umgaqo woNxibelelwano: Sukuxoxa ngalo mba nge-imeyile yangaphakathi, iSlack, umyalezo obhaliweyo, okanye ngaphandle kwenkampani. Yonga yonke imibuzo ngokukodwa [kwiGosa eliNyuliweyo] okanye umcebisi wezomthetho ngomnxeba. Phendula namhlanje uqinisekisa ukufunyanwa nokuthobela."

Iskripthi 3: Umgaqo oBhaliweyo wama-45 ileta echasayo eya kwiSibheno esinzima seQela leSithathu¶

Ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwaye unikezelwe ngabacebisi ngaphambi komhla we-14 we-FRCP Rule 45(d)(2)(B) umhla wokugqibela:

Isihloko: Izichaso eziBhalwa ngokusesikweni ezilandela iFed. R. Civ. P. 45(d)(2)(B) kwiSumana eNxibele kubantu abaNgeloqela [Igama leNkampani yakho]
"Ethandekayo [Igama leGqwetha elikhuphayo]:

Ngokungqinelana noMgaqo woBumbana weNkqubo yoLuntu 45(d)(2)(B), ongeyonxalenye [Igama leNkampani yakho] unikezela ngezi zichaso zibhaliweyo zisesikweni kwiSibheno esinikezelwe [Umhla weNkonzo]:
1. Umthwalo ongafanelekanga kunye neNkcitho kuMntu oNgekho (FRCP 45(d)(1)): I-Subpoena ifuna iindidi ezibanzi zeerekhodi ngaphandle kokulungelelaniswa kwemiba ephikisanayo, ibeka iindleko ezibalulekileyo zophando kunye nelungelo lokuphonononga iindleko kumntu ongekho kwiqela.
2. IiNkcukacha eziMfihlo zoRhwebo kunye noBucala beQela leSithathu (FRCP 45(d)(3)(B)): ISabhina icela iinkcukacha zobunikazi kunye neerekhodi eziyimfihlo zomntu wesithathu [umthengi / umqeshwa] ngaphandle koMyalelo woKhuseleko oMiselweyo okanye ukukhutshwa okusemthethweni okusemthethweni.

*Ngokungqinelana noMgaqo wama-45(d)(2)(B), akukho mveliso iya kwenziwa kulindelwe intlanganiso kunye nenkomfa ukuze kucuthwe umda, ukungena koMyalelo woKhuseleko, kunye nesivumelwano esibhaliweyo malunga nokutshintshwa kweendleko kwiindleko ezingezizo ezomntu.

Imibuzo edla ngokubuzwa¶

Izikhokelo ezinxulumeneyo¶

• Isicwangciso sokuqhubekeka kweshishini kunye nokubuyiswa kweentlekele
• Uphicotho lokhuseleko emsebenzini kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-OSHA
• Ukwenzakala kwabathengi emsebenzini kunye noxanduva lwendawo
• Ingxaki ye-Viral PR, ukungcoliswa kobuxoki, ukuphononongwa kwebhombu, kunye nokuphendula ngokuphanga
• Amanani kaxakeka kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe

Imithombo ijongiwe¶

• IMithetho yeSigqeba seNkqubo yoLuntu (IiNkundla zaseUnited States): uMthetho wesi-4 (Iisamani kunye neNkonzo kwiNkampani, iNtsebenziswano, okanye uMbutho), uMthetho we-12(a) (1) (A) (Ixesha leentsuku ezingama-21 lokuSebenza kwiSicelo esiphendulayo), uMthetho wama-37(e) (Ukungaphumeleli ukuGcina iNgcaciso eGciniswe ngeKhompyutha), uMgaqo-nkqubo we-5) (uMthetho oLawulweyo)2 (Iintsuku ezili-14 zokuchaswa eziBhaliweyo kwiiNkcazo zeQela leSithathu kunye nokuKhuselwa kwiNkcitho eNgafunekanga), uMthetho wama-55 (isigwebo esiMiselweyo nesiMiselweyo), kunye noMgaqo wama-65 (iMiyalelo kunye neMiyalelo yoThintelo yeXeshana).
• INkundla ePhakamileyo yase-United States: Rowland v. California Men's Colony, 506 U.S. 194 (1993) (Uthintelo kwiPro Se Representation of Corporations and Artificial Entities in Federal Court) kunye neTransUnion LLC v. Ramirez, 594 U.S. 413 (202 I-Artetic I-Control III)crete Iimfuno).
• ISebe lezoBulungisa iCandelo lamaLungelo oLuntu (eUnited States): uMthetho waseMelika okhubazekileyo (i-ADA) iSihloko seMimiselo ye-III (28 CFR iSigaba 36), iMigangatho ye-ADA ye-2010 yoYilo oluFikelelekayo, kunye nesiKhokelo se-DOJ kuFikelelo lweWebhu kunye ne-ADA (WCAG 2.1 iNqanaba le-AA Reference Standards).
• INkonzo yeNgeniso yangaphakathi (IRS) (eUnited States): * IFomu ye-8826 (i-Disabled Access Credit phantsi kweKhowudi yeNgeniso yangaphakathi yeCandelo 44: i-50% yeKhredithi ukuya kwi-$ 5,000 yamashishini amancinci afanelekileyo) kunye neCandelo le-IRC ye-190 (Ukuncitshiswa kweNkcitho yokuSusa iMithintelo yezoBugcisa kunye nezoThutho ukuya kuthi ga kwi-$ 15.
• I-State of California Civil Code: * Icandelo 55.56 (UkuNcitshiswa koLwaphulo-mthetho kunye neNkomfa ye-90 yokuHlala / ukuVavanya kwangethuba kwi-CASp-Ihlolwe amashishini amancinci) kunye neCandelo 2860 (Ilungelo loMcebisi wezoKhuselo oZimeleyo we-Cumis phantsi koBugcino be-Inshurensi yamaLungelo) *.
• UMphathiswa wezoBulungisa kwiMithetho yeNkqubo yoLuntu (eUnited Kingdom): * I-CPR iSigaba se-10 (Ukuvunywa kweNkonzo phakathi kweeNtsuku ze-14) kunye noMyalelo wokuSebenza 6A (Ukuziphatha kwaPhambi kweNtshukumo kunye neeProtocol)*.