IVoltage yoQhagamshelwano nge-Sidewalk (i-Stray Voltage) kwizibane zesitalato, imibhobho, kunye neepali eziluncedo.¶

Rhoqo ebusika nasemva kwezantyalantyala zemvula, umbulali wombane othuleyo, ongabonakaliyo ngokupheleleyo ubanga ubomi bezinja kunye nombane obulala abahambi ngeenyawo kwiindledlana zedolophu, iipaki, kunye neendlela ezinqumlayo: Qhagamshelana neVoltage (eyaziwa ngokubanzi kuluntu njenge Stray Voltage). Ngaphantsi kwezitrato zasezidolophini kunye neendlela zedolophu ziqhuba uthungelwano olukhulu olungcwatywe ngokuthe ngqo 120-volt, 208-volt, 240-volt, 277-volt, kunye ne-480-volt iintambo zamandla esibini ukondla izibane zentsimbi, imiqondiso yendlela, izakhiwo ezikhanyisiweyo zebhasi, kunye nezakhiwo ezikhanyisiweyo zebhasi. Xa amashumi eminyaka entshukumo yokunyibilika komkhenkce, umonakalo ombiweyo, okanye ityuwa ebusika yendlela-etyiwayo (i-sodium chloride kunye ne-calcium chloride) i-slush itya ngokugquma ucingo olungaphantsi komhlaba ngaphakathi kwesiseko sesitrato okanye kwibhokisi yokuhlangana, ubhedu olungenanto okanye i-aluminium conductor ichukumisa indlu yesinyithi okanye umhlaba omanzi ngaphandle kokutsala impazamo eyaneleyo yangoku ukukhubeka kwisixhobo esiqhekezayo. Ngenxa yoko, isigqubuthelo somngxuma wentsimbi, igrate yentsimbi esecaleni kwendlela, i-aluminiyam yesitrato, i-chain-link fence, okanye i-puddle yekhonkrithi emanzi ejikelezileyo ihlala inamandla ku 50 ukuya kwi-480 volts ye-alternating current (AC) kangangeentsuku okanye iiveki ngomsi onguziro, iintlantsi zero, kunye nesandi esinguziro.

Izinja ezihamba ngeentambo zezona ziphambili "iikhenari kumgodi wamalahle" kumbane wonxibelelwano osecaleni kwendlela kuba zihamba phezu kweepaw ezingenanto, ezimanzi ngetyuwa kwaye zinemilenze emine ejikelezayo ebopha i-voltage gradient phakathi kwamacwecwe amabini endlela esecaleni (inyathelo elinokubakho). Okubuhlungu nangakumbi kukuba, ** abanini bezilwanyana ezifuywayo kunye namaSamariya Alungileyo bahlala bebanjwa ngumbane okanye baphoswe ekubanjweni kwentliziyo xa ngethuku lemvelo befika phantsi ngezandla okanye banyathele kwigrate yentsimbi emanzi ukuze babambe inja ekhalayo, exhuzulayo **. Ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi imiphezulu yesitrato onokuthi uyiphephe ngexesha lemozulu emanzi kunye nekhephu, indlela yokuhlangula umntu okanye isilwanyana sasekhaya esivalelwe kwisitrato esinamandla ngaphandle kokuba lixhoba lesibini, indlela yokwenza i-canine ekhawulezileyo kunye ne-CPR yabantu kwi-fibrillation ye-ventricular ephantsi-voltage, kunye nendlela yokunyanzelisa usetyenziso olukhawulezileyo "Yenza-Khuselekileyo" ukuthunyelwa kusindisa ubomi kwizitrato zedolophu.

Yenza oku ngoku¶

1. Ukuba inja iyakhala, yagoba umqolo wayo, iluma emathupheni ayo, okanye yawa ecaleni kwendlela, okanye ukuba umntu ohamba ngeenyawo uthe wawela phezu kwepali yesibane okanye ukrazule, YIMA kwaye UNGAWUYIPHATHI NGEZANDLA ZAKHO. iivolthi AC.
2. **Tsa inja eyothukileyo icoceke usebenzisa KUPHELA inayiloni eyomileyo engabambekiyo, isikhumba, okanye intambo yentambo, okanye ubethe ixhoba lomntu ngokucacileyo usebenzisa umtshayelo owomileyo weplanga, umethi yerabha yemoto, okanye idyasi eshinyeneyo eyomileyo. Ungaze usebenzise intambo yentsimbi okanye intambo emanzi erhoxiswayo.
3. Ukuba wena uva ukuntyiloza, ukutswina, okanye ukuxhuzula ezinyaweni okanye emilenzeni ngelixa uhamba kwindlela esecaleni emanzi, SUKUTHATHA elinye inyathelo ukuya phambili. Cinezela iinyawo zombini ngokuqinileyo kunye uze utshixize umva okanye utsibe ngeenyawo zombini kunye ukuya kumbindi welitye lekhonkile elomileyo elisuka kuzo zonke iigrayiti zesinyithi, iicurbs, kunye neepali ()inyathelo lokuzikhusela*
4. Khangela ukusabela kunye nokuphefumla ngokukhawuleza xa umntu okanye inja itsalwa iimitha ezi-3 (iinyawo ezili-10) kwikhonkrithi eyomileyo, kwaye uqalise i-CPR ngokukhawuleza ukuba ayiphefumli. I-voltage yasekhaya kunye neyesibini yesitrato (50/60 Hz AC) imisa intliziyo ngokubangela ** i-fibrillation ye-ventricular ** ngaphandle kokushiya uphawu olulodwa lokutshisa esikhumbeni.
5. Fowunela inombolo yakho kaxakeka yasekuhlaleni (911 e-US naseCanada, 112 kwi-EU, 999 e-UK) KUNYE nesixhobo sombane sexesha likaxakeka ngoko nangoko. Jonga wethu amanani kaxakeka ulawulo. Xelela abathumeli: * "Sinendlela esebenzayo yendlela Qhagamshelana neVoltage / Stray Voltage yengozi yombane kwi [Idilesi echanekileyo yesitrato / iKona]. Ucela uMlilo / i-EMS kunye neNdlela ePhambili yoMbane ePhambili kwi-1 Make-Safe crew."*
6. **Yima gada iimitha ezi-5 (iinyawo ezili-16) ngasemva kwaye uvale indlela yeenyawo ngeetoti zenkunkuma, iikhoni zendlela, okanye izitulo de abacimi-mlilo okanye i-linemen esetyenziswayo ifike kunye nezixhobo zombane.

Ukuqonda uQhagamshelwano lweVoltage vs. Dairy/Farm "Stray Voltage"¶

Kubunjineli bombane (elawulwa ngu ** IEEEE uMgangatho we-1695: Isikhokelo sokuqonda, ukuxilongwa, kunye nokunciphisa i-Stray kunye neVoltage yoQhagamshelwano **), izinto ezimbini ezinxulumene nazo zihlala zibhidekile:

1. I-Voltage yoQhagamshelwano (iSidewalk yeUrban & Faults Fixture Street): I-voltage ebangelwa kukusilela kwe-insulation okanye impazamo kwiintambo kwiintambo zombane eziphantsi okanye eziphakathi (120V ukuya 480V Unikezelo lwesibini okanye iisekethe zokukhanyisa ezitalatweni) enika amandla izinto ezifikeleleka eluntwini njengemingxuma, iigrate, iipali zezibane, kunye nepavumente emanzi. I-voltage yoqhagamshelwano ilinganisa rhoqo **30 ukuya kwi-480 volts ** kwaye ibangela ukubulala ** i-fibrillation ye-ventricular ** kubantu nasezinja.
2. I-Voltage engathathi hlangothi ukuya emhlabeni (NEV / Yinyani "i-Stray Voltage"): Amandla ombane akwinqanaba elisezantsi (ngokuqhelekileyo 1 ukuya kwi-10 volts AC) avela phakathi kwezinto zentsimbi ezisekelwe phantsi (ezifana nezitena zeshedi yobisi, imikhombe yokunkcenkceshela imfuyo, okanye indawo yokuhlala esemva kwendlu yokuqubha ngenxa yeendlela ezimanzi zokuqubha kunye neendawo zokuqubha ezingasemva kunye nokuqukuqela kweepasti zemihlaba ezibalekayo kunye nokuqukuqela komhlaba okuhambayo kunye nokuqubha kweendawo ezimanzi. kwisistim engathathi hlangothi eneziseko ezininzi okanye ibhondi yendawo yokuhlala edlelekileyo. Ngelixa i-2 ukuya kwi-5 volts ejikeleze idama elingasemva kwendlu okanye idokhi ingafane ibulale ngokuthe ngqo kumhlaba owomileyo, emanzini inokukhubaza izihlunu zendadi kwaye ibangele I-Electric Shock Drwnning (ESD).

flowchart TD
    A["Umhambi ngeenyawo okanye iNja yothukile kwiSidewalk / Kufutshane nendawo yesitalato"] --> B{"Ngaba ixhoba lisachukumisa iGrate, iPali, okanye uMmandla omanzi?"}
    B -->|YES: Victim or Dog Still in Contact| C["MUSA UKUNYATHELA EBAYITHENI OKANYE UGCINE IXHOXA NGENXA NGEZANDLA"]
    B -->|NO: Victim Already Clear on Dry Concrete| D["Vavanya ukuphefumla kunye nePulse ngoko nangoko"]
    C --> E["Yima kwiConcrete eyomileyo: Tsala iNja ngeNayiloni eyomileyo/iLeash yesikhumba OKANYE utyhale uMntu ngomthi owomileyo/ iMathi yerabha / idyasi eyomileyo."]
    E --> D
    D --> F{"Ngaba uMntu okanye iNja iphefumla kwaye iyaphendula?"}
    F -->|NO: Unresponsive / Gasping / No Heartbeat| G["Qala ngokukhawuleza iCPR: 100 ukuya kwi-120 Compressions / Min kunye ne-Call 911 / 112 / 999"]
    F -->|YES: Awake / Whimpering / Shaking| H["Shenxisa 5 m (16 ft) Ukude: Funa iER okanye iVet Emergency ECG eJonga"]
    G --> I["Umenzi weSitishi ukuBhloka iSidewalk kunye noFowunela iSisebenzi soMbane esiPhambili kwi-1 Qhagamshelana neVoltage Make-Safe"]
    H --> I

Izilungiso ezisi-7 zoMngcipheko oPhakamileyo weSitalato seDolophu (Apho iVolthage yoQhagamshelwano iFihla)¶

Emva kweziganeko ezidumileyo ezibulalayo (ezifana nombane ka-2004 womhambi ngeenyawo u-Jodie Lane kwisiXeko saseNew York emva kokuba izinja zakhe zinyathele kwibhokisi yentsimbi esebenza ngamandla, ekhokelele kuvavanyo lwamandla ombane ohambahambayo ngonyaka kuzo zonke izitalato kunye nendledlana yeendlela e-NYC nakwezinye izixeko), uphando oluluncedo luveze kanye ukuba zeziphi izitrato ezisilela rhoqo.

Kutheni iTyuwa yeNdlela yaseBusika ibangela "Ixesha leVoltage elahlekileyo"¶

Ngelixa amandla ombane oqhagamshelwano angenzeka ngalo naluphi na usuku olunemvula yasehlotyeni, ** 75 ukuya kwi-85 yeepesenti yombane ohamba ecaleni kwendlela yasezidolophini kunye neziganeko zemingxuma zenzeka phakathi kukaDisemba noMatshi **. Iindlela ezintathu zomzimba ziyadibana ngexesha lezaqhwithi zasebusika:

1. I-Brine Electrolyte Slush: Amanzi emvula asulungekileyo okanye ikhephu elitsha sisikhonduki sombane esingekho mgangathweni. Emva kokuba amakhuba kamasipala esasazeke ityuwa yelitye (i-sodium chloride), i-calcium chloride, okanye i-magnesium chloride ezitratweni nakwiindledlana zeenyawo, ikhephu elinyibilikayo lijika libe sisinyibiliko i-ionic brine solution eqhuba umbane ngamakhulu amaxesha ngokufanelekileyo kunamanzi ompompo.
2. Ukuqhekeka kweCable ye-Exothermic ye-Insulation: Udaka lwetyuwa lutyhutyha imingxunya yokucholwa komngxuma kunye nokwandiswa kweendawo ezisecaleni kwendlela ukuya kumagumbi angaphantsi komhlaba okudibanisa. Xa amanzi anetyuwa agqobhoza iintanda ezincinci kwirabha endala, ilothe, okanye kwintambo yokugquma intambo ye-polyethylene (XLPE), ukuhamba kwangoku kwe-electrolytic phakathi kwezigaba, ivelisa ubushushu obugqithisileyo, izikhondaktha zobhedu ezidlekayo, kwaye inika amandla isalbhi sonke sekhonkrithi emanzi ngaphezulu.
3. I-Conductive Salt Crust kwiDog Paws nakwi-Boot Soles: Inja ehamba ecaleni kwendlela yasebusika enetyuwa ineepaw paw ezimanzi, eziqatywe nge-brine (ezihlala ziqhekeziwe okanye zikrwada ukusuka kwityuwa yendlela, zehlisa ukuxhathisa ulusu ukuya ku-300 ukuya kwi-500 ohms*). Kwanomthamo ophantsi wombane osezantsi we- 15 ukuya kwi-30 volts kumgama oziisentimitha ezingama-60 (iinyawo ezi-2) uqhuba iimiliampere ezaneleyo esifubeni senja ukuze kubangele ukuqaqanjelwa kwezihlunu ze-tetanic okanye ukubanjwa kwentliziyo ebulalayo.

Iimpawu ezilumkiso zokuziphatha kwangethuba zokuba inja yakho iva ivolthi yonxibelelwano ekwinqanaba elisezantsi¶

Izinja zinokuziva ii-gradients zamandla omhlaba zisezantsi njenge 1 ukuya kwi-5 volts AC phambi kokuba umntu onxibe iibhutsi ezinerabha eneesoli eziva nantoni na kwaphela. Jonga inja yakho ngokusondeleyo xa usondela kwisiphambuka, igrate, okanye ipali yesibane:

• Ukwala ngesiquphe ukuya phambili ("Ukubeka iziqhoboshi"): Inja yakho iyema ngequbuliso ife, itsalela ngasemva kwintambo, kwaye iyala ukuwela isikwere sendledlana ethile, ididi, okanye indlela yokuwela. Ungaze urhuqe okanye urhuqe inja kwindawo ethile iye yoyike ngokukhawuleza ukuyihamba.
• Ukunyathela phezulu, ukuphakamisa amanqina, okanye ukukhotha inzipho ngokukhawuleza: Inja iphakamisa indlwana enye okanye ezibini ngokukhawuleza ngokungathi inyathela amalahle ashushu, okanye iziluma ngaphambili. (Ngelixa ityuwa ebandayo ihlaba amanqina, ukuba inja isabela ngoko nangoko ekunyatheleni kufutshane nomngxuma, igrate, okanye ipali yesibane kwaye ime xa ibuya umva, rhanela umbane.)
• Iinwele ezimile, zigquma emhlabeni, okanye zigobile ngequbuliso: Inja ijonge ezantsi kumngxuma wokugquma okanye umthungo osecaleni kwendlela, igobe phantsi, okanye ikhale kabukhali inganyatheli glasi.

IProthokholi yokuHlangula yeNyathelo ngeNyathelo: Ukugcina uMntu owothukileyo okanye iNja ngokuKhuselekileyo¶

Xa i-alternating current ku-50 Hz okanye i-60 Hz idlula kwi-skeletal muscle, ibangela ** i-tetanic contraction ("No-Let-Go" lock-on)**: izihlunu eziguquguqukayo zesandla, i-forearm, okanye imilenze idibanisa ngamandla kunye nomkhenkce, ukuthintela ngokomzimba ukuba umntu okanye isilwanyana siyeke ukukhulula kwipali okanye ukunyathela.

1. Ukuhlangula inja eyothuswayo kwindlela esecaleni okanye kwiGrate¶

1. Gcina iinyawo zakho apho zikhoyo (okanye unyawo lube NYE umva kwikhonkile eyomileyo). Ungaze ubaleke uye phambili kwipleyiti emanzi okanye kwitha yentsimbi apho iye yawa khona inja.
2. Jonga intambo esandleni sakho:
   • Ukuba ubambe intambo yenayiloni EYOMILE, intambo yepolypropylene, ibiothane, okanye intambo yesikhumba: Tsala ngokuthe nkqo ngasemva ukutyibilikisa inja 2 ukuya 3 yeemitha (6 ukuya 10 iinyawo) ubuyele kwi slab eyomileyo yekhonkrithi esemva kwakho.
   • Ukuba intambo yitsheyini yentsimbi, okanye imanzisa ngodaka olunetyuwa kwaye irhawuzelela esandleni sakho: Yehlisa ityathanga lentsimbi okanye usongele **idyasi yasebusika eyomileyo, isikhafu esomileyo, ingxowa yegrosari eyomileyo, okanye iglavu eyomileyo yesikhumba ** ngokungqindilili ujikeleze umtya wenayiloni phambi kokuba uyitsale, okanye ujikelezise umqala wenja okanye ujike umqala wenja tsala inja kwindawo eshushu.
3. Emva kokuba inja ingamamitha ezi-3 (iinyawo ezili-10) icace kwipavumente eyomileyo, jonga ukuphefumla nokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza (jonga imiyalelo yeCanine CPR engezantsi).

2. Ukuhlangula Ixhoba Lomntu Elitshixelwe ePalini, eCingweni, okanye eThaleni¶

1. *UNGAHLANGA ukubamba ulusu olungenanto lwexhoba, ibhatyi emanzi, okanye izihlangu ngezandla zakho. Ukuba ubambe umntu osanxibelelana nesixhobo sesitrato se-120V ukuya ku-480V, umsinga udlula ngqo emzimbeni wakhe ungene kowakho, unitshixe nobabini kumjikelezo.
2. Yaphula uqhagamshelwano lombane usebenzisa i-non-conductor eyomileyo:
   • Loop and Drag: Bopha intambo yenja enayiloni eyomileyo, isikhafu esomileyo, ibhanti elomileyo, intambo eyomileyo, okanye imikhono yedyasi eshinyeneyo yasebusika eyomileyo erhangqe iqatha, esihlahleni, okanye esinqeni sexhoba uze uyitsale ngasemva isuke kwi grate okanye kude nepali.
   • Thala okanye Tshasha: Sebenzisa umqheba owomileyo womtshayelo weplanga, ibhodi yeplanga eyi-2x4, isiphatho somhlakulo wekhephu sefiberglass esomileyo, inkonkxa yeplastiki yenkunkuma, okanye imethi eshinyeneyo yerabha yemoto ukutyhala ilungu lexhoba kwintsimbi esebenza ngamandla.
   • Ukulwa noMzimba KUPHELA njengeNdawo yokuGqibela yokuCwangcisa kuMmandla owomileyo: Ungaze ubambe umzimba-ubambe ixhoba ukuba umhlaba ophantsi kwawo unombane omanzi.

Uncedo lokuqala olukhawulezileyo: I-CPR yomntu kunye ne-Canine CPR Emva kokuTshathwa koMbane¶

Umsinga otshintshanayo wombane ophantsi (50 to 480V AC) ibulala ngokuyinhloko ngokuphazamisa i-pacemaker yombane wentliziyo, ukuphosa i-ventricles kwi-chaotic quivering (** ventricular fibrillation ) okanye ukuyeka ukuphefumla ( ukuphefumula ukuphefumula ** kwi-diaphragm kunye ne-brainstem tetany). Ngenxa yokuba izihlunu zentliziyo yexhoba kunye nezitho zisempilweni ngokupheleleyo, **i-CPR ekhawulezileyo iqale kwimizuzwana engama-60 inezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokubuyisela abantu kunye nezinja ebomini **.

1. Uncedo Lokuqala loMbane woMbane woLuntu kunye neCPR¶

1. Lakuba ixhoba likumhlaba okhuselekileyo, owomileyo, betha igxalaba lalo uze ukhwaze. Jonga isifuba salo ukuze uphefumle okuqhelekileyo (ungahoyi ukuphefumla okuqhelekileyo okanye ukuphefumla “agonal”).
2. Ukuba awuphenduli kwaye awuphefumli ngokuqhelekileyo, qalisa uKucinezelwa kwesifuba ngoko nangoko:
   • Beka isithende sesandla esinye kumbindi wesifuba (isiqingatha esisezantsi se-breastbone / sternum), beka esinye isandla sakho phezulu, kwaye utyhale ngamandla kwaye ngokukhawuleza ku-*-100 ukuya kwii-120 zokunyanzeliswa ngomzuzu ** ukuya kubunzulu be-5 ukuya kwi-6 yeesentimitha (2 ukuya kwi-2.4 intshi) kubantu abadala.
   • Ukuba uqeqeshelwe ukuphefumla ukuhlangula, nika 30 ucinezelo olulandelwa kukuphefumla oku-2 (ukutshekisa intloko ngasemva, ukuphakamisa isilevu, ukucinezela impumlo, kunye nokuvuthela umzuzwana omnye de isifuba sinyuke).
   • Thumela umbukeli ukuba abambe ekufutshane I-Automated External Defibrillator (AED) kwivenkile ekufuphi, indawo yokuzivocavoca, indawo yokusebenzela eofisini, okanye esikolweni. Ngenxa yokuba ukutshitshiswa kombane kubangela ** isingqisho esothusayo (i-fibrillation ye-ventricular) **, ukusebenzisa i-AED ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kungenelelo olulodwa olusebenzayo lokusindisa ubomi. (Bona Ukothuka kombane uncedo lokuqala kwaye CPR.)
3. Nangona umntu evuka kwaye eziva ephilile, kufuna i-Ambulensi / I-Emergency Room 12-Lead ECG: I-low-voltage shocks inokubangela ukulibaziseka kwe-cardiac arrhythmias, ukuphuka kwemisipha yangaphakathi (**rhabdomyolysis **), okanye ukwenzakala kwentloko / umqolo wesibini ukusuka ekuweleni kwikhonkrithi.

2. I-Canine CPR (Ukuvuselela Inja Emva koMbane we-Sidewalk Electrocution)¶

Ukuba inja yakho ayinalwazi kwikhonkrithi eyomileyo emva kokuba ikhutshwe kwi-grate enamandla okanye isibane:

+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|              EMERGENCY CANINE CPR FOR ELECTRIC SHOCK                    |
|                                                                         |
|  1. CHECK BREATHING & HEARTBEAT (Max 10 seconds):                       |
|     - Watch the chest for rise/fall; feel for the heartbeat on the      |
|       left side of the chest right where the bent left front elbow      |
|       touches the ribs (3rd to 6th rib space).                          |
|  2. POSITION THE DOG ON ITS RIGHT SIDE on a flat, dry surface.          |
|  3. HAND PLACEMENT FOR CHEST COMPRESSIONS:                              |
|     - Medium/Large Round-Chested Dogs (Retrievers, Shepherds, Labs):    |
|       Place hands over the WIDEST part of the ribcage.                  |
|     - Deep/Narrow-Chested Dogs (Greyhounds, Dobermans, Pointers):       |
|       Place hands directly over the HEART (where the left elbow meets   |
|       the chest).                                                       |
|     - Barrel-Chested Dogs (English Bulldogs, Pugs, French Bulldogs):    |
|       Lay dog on its BACK and compress directly on the breastbone       |
|       like a human.                                                     |
|     - Small Dogs & Cats (< 7 kg / 15 lbs):                              |
|       Wrap one hand around the sternum, squeezing the heart between     |
|       your thumb on one side of the chest and fingers on the other.     |
|  4. COMPRESSION RATE & DEPTH:                                           |
|     - Push at 100 to 120 compressions per minute.                       |
|     - Compress 1/3 to 1/2 the width of the dog's chest.                 |
|  5. SNOUT-TO-MOUTH RESCUE BREATHS (30 Compressions : 2 Breaths):        |
|     - Hold the dog's jaws tightly closed with your hands.               |
|     - Place your mouth completely over the dog's NOSE (both nostrils).  |
|     - Blow gently for 1 second until you see the dog's chest rise.      |
|     - Repeat 30 compressions : 2 breaths continuously until the dog     |
|       breathes on its own or you reach an emergency veterinarian.       |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+

• Nokuba inja yakho ime ngeenyawo kwaye iyishukumise emva komothuko osecaleni kwendlela, yiya ngqo kuGqirha weZilwanyana oNgxamisekileyo iiyure ezingama-24: Izinja ezisinde kumothuko wombane zinokuphuhla non-cardiogenic neurogenic pulmonary edema (ulwelo oluzalisa imiphunga ukusuka kwiadrenaline enkulu kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi emva kwexesha eli-1 ukuya kwi-ac1, ukothuka kwentliziyo ngexesha1*2 arrhythmias. Jonga ukukhefuzela ngokukhawuleza, ukukhohlela, iintsini eziluthuthu okanye eziluhlaza, okanye ubuthathaka.

(Izandla kwi-CPR kunye noqeqesho lokuqala loncedo lusindisa ubomi. Sincoma kakhulu ukuthatha i-accredited in-person first aid kunye ne-CPR / AED course, kunye nekhosi ye-Pet First Aid, evela kwi-Red Cross, i-St John Ambulance, okanye umboneleli wakho wezempilo ongxamisekileyo wendawo.)

Izixhobo zoThintelo kunye noVavanyo: Iibhutsi zezinja, iiLeashes ezingaqhubiyo, kunye nokuNika iNgxelo¶

1. Ukhuseleko lwendlela yasebusika kwizinja nabahambi ngeenyawo¶

• Iibhutsi zezinja ezifakwe kwirabha: Ilaphu elicekethekileyo eliqhelekileyo okanye uboya begusha "iekawusi zeempuphu" zigalelwa ngetyuwa enetyuwa ngemizuzu kwaye zinike ukugqunywa kombane ongunothi. Ukukhusela inja kumbane wonxibelelwano lwasezidolophini, sebenzisa iibhutsi zebhaluni zerabha ezivulziweyo (ezifana neebhutsi zerabha ezingenakumanzi) okanye iibhutsi zenja ezenziwe ngerabha eziqinileyo ezibunjiweyo** zigcinwe zomile ngaphakathi, ezibeka umqobo werabha wedielectric phakathi kwepaw pad kunye nepavumente esebenzayo.
• Ziphephe iiLeashes zeMetal Chain: Ungaze uhambe nenja esixekweni usebenzisa ichrome okanye intambo yentsimbi. Ukuba ikhola yenja okanye impumlo ichukumisa ipali yesibane okanye ucingo olusebenza ngamandla, ikhonkco lentsimbi lihambisa amandla ombane apheleleyo ngqo kwisandla sakho esingenanto. Ngalo lonke ixesha sebenzisa inayiloni, ibiothane, okanye iileya zesikhumba.
• Hamba kuMziko weZilebhu zeNkonkre ezomileyo: Ziqeqeshe wena kunye nabantwana bakho ukunyanga izigqubuthelo zomngxuma wentsimbi, iipleyiti zentsimbi eziluxande, kunye negrayiti esecaleni kwendlela njenge "lava": soloko uwatsibela okanye uwajikeleze kumbindi wamatye agange ngekonkile.

2. Indlela yokuchaza umothuko okrokrelekayo woQhagamshelwano lweVoltage ukuze ooncedo balulungise ngokukhawuleza¶

Ukuba wena okanye inja yakho niva nokuba nentlupheko ethambileyo okanye i-zap kwindawo enqumlayo, isibane, okanye isigqubuthelo somngxuma:

1. Makisha eyona nto ikhoyo kumgama okhuselekileyo: Thatha ifoto ebonisa isigqubuthelo somngxuma othile, igrate, okanye i-metal number plate kwipali yesitrato* ngokunxulumene neyona dilesi yesakhiwo ikufutshane.
2. Fowunela ZOMBINI 911 (okanye 112 / 999) KUNYE nomnxeba ongxamisekileyo wecandelo lombane: Qaphela ukuba kwizixeko ezininzi, izibane zasezitalatweni zentsimbi kunye nemiqondiso yendlela zezeSebe lezoThutho leSixeko (DOT), ngelixa iintambo ezingaphantsi komhlaba ezizondlayo zizezoMbane oSebenzayo. Ukufowuna 911 kunye neSisebenzi soMbane ngaxeshanye sinyanzelela umdibaniso "Yenza-uKhuseleko" impendulo apho umntu onengxaki yengxaki evavanya ipali kunye nendledlana yeenyawo ngesixhobo sokubonana se-low-impedance contact-voltage detector (Shunt-resistor voltmeter) kwaye usika amandla kwindawo enempazamo kwindawo.

Imibuzo edla ngokubuzwa¶

Imithombo ijongiwe¶

• Iziko leeNjineli zoMbane kunye neeNjineli zoMbane (IEEE): Umgangatho we-IEEE we-1695-2016: Isikhokelo se-IEEE sokuqonda, ukuxilonga, kunye nokunciphisa i-Stray kunye neVoltage yoQhagamshelwano (Iziphene zesibini zokusasazwa kwedolophu, inyathelo / amandla okuchukumisa, kunye neeprothokholi zokulinganisa i-shunt-resistor).
• IKomishoni yeNkonzo kaRhulumente yeSizwe saseNew York (NYSPSC) kunye ne-Edison eDityanisiweyo (eUnited States): IMigangatho yoKhuseleko loMbane: Uvavanyo lweVoltage elahlekileyo kunye noMyalelo wokuHlola (Idatha yokuskena ye-mobile kunye ne-manual contact-voltage kwimingxuma, iibhokisi zenkonzo, kunye nezibane zesitrato zikamasipala).
• ** I-American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) kunye ne-RECOVER Initiative (i-Veterinary Emergency kunye ne-Critical Care Society): ** * UKUFUMANA izikhokelo ze-Clinical Practice for Resuscitation Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Dogs and Cats * (Ukubekwa kwesandla ngesifuba, i-100 ukuya kwi-120 compressions / min rate, i-30: i-2-post-snout-venous pulmonary ne-postshomonout esweni i-edema).
• ** I-American Heart Association (AHA) kunye ne-European Resuscitation Council (ERC): ** * Izikhokelo zeCardiopulmonary Resuscitation kunye ne-Emergency Cardiovascular Care: Ukulimala koMbane kunye ne-Low-Voltage Ventricular Fibrillation *.
• ISigqeba sezeMpilo kunye noKhuseleko (i-HSE, e-United Kingdom) kunye neZiko lobuNjineli kunye neTekhnoloji (IET): INdlela yokuSebenza yoLawulo loKhuseleko loMbane kwi-Highway Street Lighting kunye neFenitshala yesitalato.

Izikhokelo ezinxulumeneyo¶

• Ukothuka kombane uncedo lokuqala
• CPR (ukuvuselelwa kweCardiopulmonary)
• Imingxuma yokutshayela, ukudubula kombane ongaphantsi komhlaba, kunye nokugqabhuka kwemibhobho yomphunga
• Ugqabhuko-dubulo lwesiguquli sobumelwane, umlilo wepali, okanye ibhokisi eluncedo eluhlaza engatshixwanga
• Iintambo zombane ezithotyiweyo kunye nombane wesithuthi
• Ukuvalelwa komjelo wedama lokuqubha kunye nokutshona kukothuka kombane
• Izilwanyana zasekhaya kwiimeko zikaxakeka
• Amanani kaxakeka