Inguvu z'umuriro zikorana n'inzira (Inguvu z'umuriro zitagira aho zigarukira) ku matara y'ibarabara, ku binogo, no ku nkingi z'amazi¶

Buri rushana n’inyuma y’imvura nyinshi, umwicanyi w’amashanyarazi acereje, ataboneka rwose, afata ubuzima bw’imbwa, agatera amashanyarazi abagenda n’amaguru bajabuka amabarabara y’igisagara, amaparike, n’amabarabara y’abantu bajabuka: Contact Voltage (izwi cane na bose kw’izina rya Stray Voltage). Munsi y’ibarabara ry’ibisagara n’ibarabara ry’inyuma y’igisagara hari uruzitiro runini rw’imirongo y’amashanyarazi y’amavolte 120, 208, 240, 277, na 480 igaburira amatara y’ibarabara akozwe mu cuma, ibimenyetso vy’imiduga, amatara y’ibarabara n’amatara y’ibarabara, amatara y’ibarabara, amatara y’ibarabara, amatara y’ibarabara, inyubakwa zimurikira. Igihe imyaka mirongo y’ugukonja-gukonja, ivyago vy’ugucukura, canke umunyu wo mu nzira w’urushana (chloride de sodium na calcium chloride) urya biciye mu nzira y’amatara yo munsi y’ubutaka imbere mu gitereko c’amatara yo mu nzira canke mu gasandugu k’amabarabara, umuyagankuba w’umuringa canke w’aluminium ukora ku mubiri kugira ngo utere umuvuduko w’amazi uri kure. Ivyo bituma igipfukisho c’umwobo w’ivyuma, igipfukisho c’icuma co ku ruhande rw’inzira, igiti c’amatara y’ibarabara c’aluminiyumu, uruzitiro rw’uruzitiro, canke ikidengeri ca beton gitose gikikuje kiguma gifise inguvu zidasiba ku 50 gushika ku 480 volts z’amashanyarazi ahinduka (AC) mu misi canke amayinga ata n’umwotsi n’umwotsi, ata n’umwotsi.

Imbwa zigenda ku migozi ni zo zibanza "canaries in the coal mine" ku bijanye n'umuriro wo ku nzira kuko zigenda ku bipande vy'amaguru bitagira ikintu, bifise umunyu kandi zifise uruzitiro rurerure rw'amaguru ane rufatanya umuriro hagati y'ibipande bibiri vy'inzira (ubushobozi bw'intambwe). N’ikibabaje kuruta, abafise ibikoko vyo mu nzu n’Abasamariya beza barakunda gukubitwa n’umuyagankuba canke bagaterwa n’umutima iyo bashitse hasi ata co bafise canke bagatera ku gitereko c’icuma gitose kugira ngo bafate imbwa iriko iraboroga, iriko irahungabana. Kumenya ibarabara ryo kwirinda mu gihe c'imvura nyinshi n'urubura, ingene worokora umuntu canke igikoko co mu nzu gipfungiwe ku gikoresho co mu nzira gifise inguvu ataco kigize, ingene wokora CPR y'imbwa n'iy'umuntu kubera ububabare bw'umutima bufise ubushobozi buke, n'ingene wohatira ubuzima bw'umuntu bukora neza. amabarabara.

Ivyo ubikore ubu¶

1. Iyo imbwa iboroze, ipfutse umugongo, ikarya amaguru, canke ikagwa ku nzira y’abagenda, canke iyo umuntu agenda n’amaguru yikubita ku nkingi y’itara canke ku gitereko, HAGARUKA kandi NTUZIKOREHO N’AMABOKO YAWE ATARI YO. Twiyumvire igipfukisho c’icuma, we streetho and amabarabara munsi yabo arabaho ku 120 gushika kuri 480 volts AC.
2. Kura imbwa yateye ubwoba ukoresheje GUSA umugozi w’inylon, urukoba, canke umugozi wumye udashobora gutwara umuriro, canke ukomere umuntu yashikiwe n’ivyago ukoresheje umukubuzo w’ibiti wumye, umukeka w’imodoka w’imipira, canke ikoti ryumye ryinshi. Gumana ibirenge vyawe bwite bitewe neza kuri beton yumye hagati. t 5 to50. kure y’ivyuma vyose vyo mu nzira canke ikidengeri. Ntukigere ukoresha umugozi w’icuma canke umugozi utose ushobora gusubirwamwo.
3. Nimba wewe ubwawe wumva ibirenge vyawe bigutera ububabare, bivuza induru canke bigutera ububabare mu gihe uriko uragenda ku nzira y’amaguru itose, NTUFATE iyindi ntambwe imbere. Kanda ibirenge vyose bifatanye neza maze ushire inyuma canke utere imbere n’ibirenge vyose hamwe werekeza hagati y’ibarabara ryumye kure y’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara. (intambwe ishobora kwikingira).
4. Suzuma ukuntu umuntu canke imbwa yishura n’ukuntu ihumeka igihe nyene ikwezwe ku metero 3 (amafuti 10) kuri beton yumye, hanyuma utangure guhumeka ubwo nyene nimba idahumeka. Inguvu z’umuriro zo mu nzu n’iz’ibarabara ry’inyuma (50/60 Hz AC) zihagarika umutima mu gutuma umutima utera
5. Hamagara ku nimero y'ivyihutirwa yo mu karere kawe (911 muri Amerika no muri Kanada, 112 mu Muryango w'Ubumwe bw'Uburayi, 999 mu Bwongereza) KANDI n’umurongo w’ivyihutirwa w’amasaha 24 y’ishirahamwe ry’amashanyarazi ubwo nyene. Suzuma ivyacu inomero z'ivyihutirwa ububiko. Bwira abarungika: "Dufise umurongo w'abagenda ku maguru ushobora gukubitwa n'umuyagankuba ku [Aderesi nyayo y'ibarabara / Imfuruka]. Turasaba umuriro/EMS n'abakozi bo mu gisata c'umuyagankuba 1 Make-Safe."
6. Hagarara urinde metero 5 (amafuti 16) inyuma maze ufunge inzira y’abagenda ku maguru n’ibibindi vy’imyanda, ibikoresho vy’imiduga, canke intebe gushika abazimya umuriro canke abakozi bo mu gisata c’amazi bashitse bafise ibikoresho bipima umuriro. Kubera ko amabarabara n’ibitandara bikoreshwa n’inguvu bisa n’ibisanzwe, uwukurikira agenda n’amaguru canke imbwa igenda n’amaguru izokwica intambwe ibiri mu mubiri ubaburire ngo baveho.

Gutahura umuriro wo gukorana n'amata/itongo "Umuriro w'ubuzimire"¶

Mu vy’ubuhinga bw’amashanyarazi (bugenzurwa na IEEE Standard 1695: Inyobora yo Gutahura, Gupima no Kugabanya Inguvu z’Umuyagankuba zitagira aho zigarukira n’izikorana n’umuyagankuba), ibintu bibiri bifitaniye isano n’ivyo akenshi biratera urujijo:

1. Inguvu z’umuriro (Ibikoresho vyo mu gisagara no mu nzira): Inguvu ziterwa n’ugusenyuka kw’ivyuma canke amakosa y’amashanyarazi ku mirongo y’amashanyarazi y’umuriro muto canke hagati (120V ku 480V ivy’ugukwiragiza canke ivy’amatara yo mu mihanda) bitanga inguvu ku bintu abantu bose bashobora gushikako nk’ibinogo vy’amazi, amabarabara, amatara, n’ibarabara ry’amazi ry’amazi. Inguvu z’umuriro zikorana n’umuriro zipima 30 gushika kuri 480 volts kandi zitera ugutera kw’imitsi kwica abantu n’imbwa.
2. Inguvu z'umuriro zitagira aho zigarukira ku isi (NEV / True "Stray Voltage"): Inguvu z'umuriro ziri hasi (mu bisanzwe 1 gushika kuri 10 volts AC) ziboneka hagati y'ibintu vy'ivyuma bishizwe hasi (nk'ibitanda vy'ibiraro vy'amata, ibidengeri vy'amazi y'ibitungwa, canke ibitanda vy'amazi y'amatungo n'inyuma y'urugo) isi kubera umuriro usanzwe udafise uburinganire ugenda ku nzira y’ubuhinga butagira aho bugarukira canke ubucuti butagira aho bugarukira bw’uburaro busenyutse. Naho ama volts 2 gushika kuri 5 akikuje ikidengeri co mu rugo canke ikivuko c’inyuma y’urugo adakunda kwica ataco akora ku butaka bwumye, mu mazi arashobora gutuma imitsi y’uwuyoga aremaza maze akazana Electric Shock Drowning (ESD).

flowchart TD
    A["Uwugenda n'amaguru canke imbwa yateye ubwoba ku nzira / hafi y'ibarabara"] --> B{"Mbega Uwagirijwe Ivyaha Aracariko Arakora ku Gitereko, ku Giti canke ku Kibanza Gitose?"}
    B -->|YES: Victim or Dog Still in Contact| C["NTUKANDAGE KU GITERERE CANKE GUKORE KU MUGABO ATARI AMABOKO"]
    B -->|NO: Victim Already Clear on Dry Concrete| D["Gusuzuma impwemu n'umuvuduko w'umutima ubwo nyene"]
    C --> E["Hagarara kuri Beton Yumye: Kurura Imbwa n'Umugozi Wumye/Urukoba CANKE Usunike Umuntu n'Ibiti vyumye / Impuzu y'Imipira / Ikoti Yumye"]
    E --> D
    D --> F{"Mbega Umuntu Canke Imbwa Irahumeka Kandi Irasubiza?"}
    F -->|NO: Unresponsive / Gasping / No Heartbeat| G["Tangira CPR ubwo nyene: 100 gushika ku 120/Iminota hanyuma uhamagare 911 / 112 / 999"]
    F -->|YES: Awake / Whimpering / Shaking| H["Kwimuka 5 m (16 ft) Kure: Bisaba ER canke Ivyihutirwa Vet ECG Gukurikirana"]
    G --> I["Umuntu yitegereza ikibanza azozibira inzira y'abagenda ku ruhande maze ahamagare abakozi b'amashanyarazi kugira ngo bamenye imbere 1 Gukorana n'umuriro Make-Safe"]
    H --> I

Ivyuma 7 vy’Ibarabara ry’Ibisagara Bifise Akaga Kanini (Aho Inguvu z’Igihugu Zihisha)¶

Inyuma y’ibintu bikomeye vyica abantu (nk’ivyo mu 2004 vyakozwe n’umuyagankuba w’umugenzi Jodie Lane mu gisagara ca New York inyuma y’aho imbwa ziwe zikandagiye ku gasandugu k’ivyuma kari ku ruhande rw’inzira, ivyo vyatumye habaho ugupima umuriro w’amashanyarazi ku nzira yose no ku nzira zo ku nzira zo mu gisagara ca NYC no mu bindi bisagara), amatohoza menshi y’imiterere y’ibarabara yarasubiyemwo.

Kubera iki umunyu wo mu nzira y'urushana utera "Igihe c'Inguvu z'Inguvu"¶

Naho umuriro w’amashanyarazi ushobora gushika ku musi uwo ari wo wose w’imvura wo mu ci, 75 gushika ku 85 kw’ijana vy’amashanyarazi yo mu bisagara n’ivyo mu binogo vy’amazi bishika hagati y’ukwezi kwa kigarama n’ukwezi kwa gatatu. Uburyo butatu bw’umubiri burahuriza hamwe mu gihe c’ibihuhusi vy’urushana:

1. Brine Electrolyte Slush: Amazi y’imvura meza canke urubura rushasha ni ikintu gishobora gutwara umuyagankuba nabi cane. Igihe amasuka y’ibisagara amaze gukwiragiza umunyu w’urutare (chloride de sodium), chloride de calcium, canke chloride de magnésium ku mabarabara no ku nzira z’abantu, urubura ruca ruhinduka umunyu w’umunyu w’iyon ushobora gutwara umuyagankuba incuro amajana kuruta amazi yo mu ruzi.
2. Ugusenyuka kw’imirongo y’ubushuhe: Umunyu unyura mu myobo y’amazi n’aho amabarabara agenda, akaja mu vyumba vyo gufatanya ibintu biri munsi y’ubutaka. Iyo umunyu w’umunyu winjiye mu tuvungukira dutoduto turi mu bikoresho vy’imipira, ivy’amabuye y’agaciro canke vy’imirongo y’ivyuma vy’amabuye y’agaciro (XLPE), umuriro w’amashanyarazi uragenda hagati y’ibice, ugatuma haba ubushuhe bwinshi, ugatuma ivyuma bijana umuyagankuba vy’umuringa bimera nabi, kandi ugatuma igipande cose c’ivyuma vy’amabuye y’agaciro gitose kiri hejuru gitera inguvu.
3. Igikoko c’umunyu gica ku maguru y’imbwa no ku nkweto z’ibirato: Imbwa igenda mu nzira y’umunyu mu gihe c’imbeho irafise amaguru atose, apfutse umunyu (kenshi arasaduka canke atagira umunyu kubera umunyu wo mu nzira, bigabanya ubushobozi bw’urukoba bwo guhangana n’umunyu kugera kuri 300 gushika kuri 500 ohms gusa). Mbere n’umuriro mutoyi wo hagati ya 15 na 30 volts ku ntambwe y’imbwa y’amasentimetero 60 (amaguru 2) utuma umuriro uhagije uca mu gikiriza c’imbwa kugira ngo utere ububabare bw’imitsi y’umutima canke umutima ugahagarara.

Ibimenyetso vyerekana ko imbwa yawe iriko yumva umuriro uri hasi¶

Imbwa zishobora kwumva umuriro wo hasi uri hasi cane nk’uwa 1 gushika kuri 5 volts AC imbere y’uko umuntu yambaye inkweto zifise inkweto z’imipira yumva ikintu na kimwe. Raba neza imbwa yawe iyo wegereye amasanganzira, uruzitiro, canke igiti c'itara:

• Kwanka bukwi na bukwi kugenda imbere ("Gushirako amaferemi"): Imbwa yawe ihagarara bukwi na bukwi ipfuye, ikwegera inyuma ku nzira, maze ikanka kujabuka ikibanza c’inzira y’amaguru, ikidengeri, canke inzira y’amaguru. Ntukigere ukura canke ukura imbwa ahantu igira ubwoba bukwi na bukwi.
• Gutera intambwe ndende, guterura amaguru, canke gutera amaguru mu buryo buteye ubwoba: Imbwa iterura amaguru amwe canke abiri yihuta nk’aho yoba itera intambwe ku makara ashushe, canke ikarya amaguru yayo y’imbere. (Naho umunyu ukonnye na wo nyene utera amaguru, iyo imbwa ica ifata ingingo ubwo nyene iyo iteye hafi y’umwobo, uruzitiro, canke igiti c’itara maze igahagarara igihe nyene isubira inyuma, wikeke ko ari umuyagankuba.)
• Umushatsi uhagaze ku mpera, uboroga hasi, canke upfukamye bukwi na bukwi: Imbwa iraba hasi ku gipfukisho c’umwobo canke ku nzira y’abagenda, ipfukama hasi, canke ivuza induru cane itateye ku kiyo.

Intambwe ku yindi y'Itegeko ryo Gukiza: Gukiza Umuntu canke Imbwa Yababaye Mu Mutekano¶

Iyo umuriro uhinduka kuri 50 Hz canke 60 Hz unyura mu mitsi y’amagufa, bitera ugukonja kw’imitsi y’amagufa ("No-Let-Go" lock-on): imitsi y’ukuboko, y’ukuboko kw’imbere, canke y’amaguru ikora cane maze igakonja, bikaba bibuza umuntu canke igikoko gufata igikoko canke igikoko kugenda.

1. Gukiza Imbwa Yateye Ubwoba ku Nzira y'Abagenda canke ku Gitereko¶

1. Guma ibirenge vyawe aho biri (canke utere intambwe Imwe inyuma kuri beton yumye). Ntukigere wirukira imbere ku gipande gitose canke ku gipande c’icuma aho imbwa yaguye.
2. Raba umugozi uri mu kuboko kwawe:
   • Nimba ufashe umugozi w’inylon WUMYE, umugozi wa polypropylene, biothane, canke umugozi w’urukoba: Kurura neza ugororotse inyuma kugira ngo ushire imbwa metero 2 gushika kuri 3 (amafuti 6 gushika kuri 10) usubire ku gipande ca beton cyumye kiri inyuma yawe.
   • Nimba umugozi ari UMUGORORO W'ICUMA, canke uriko uratonyanga n'umunyu kandi uriko uratera ububabare mu kuboko kwawe: Gutera umugozi w'icuma canke uzingire ikoti ry'urushana ryumye, igitambaro c'impuzu c'impuzu, umufuko w'ibifungurwa vy'ipulasitike yumye, canke igitambaro c'urukoba c'umye ushire umugozi w'inylon imbere y'uko ukwega, canke uzingire umugozi w'inylon. torso kugira ngo akure imbwa mu karere gashushe.
3. Igihe imbwa igeze ku metero 3 (amafuti 10) ku nzira yumye, uce usuzuma ko ihumeka n’uko umutima utera ubwo nyene (raba amabwirizwa ya Canine CPR aha hepfo).

2. Gukiza Umuntu Yagirijwe Ivyago Yafunzwe Ku Giti, Ku Ruzitiro canke Ku Ruzitiro¶

1. NTUFATE urukoba rw’uwo muntu rudafise ikintu, ijaketi itose, canke inkweto n’ibiganza vyawe ataco bifise. Iyo ufashe umuntu agikorana n’igikoresho co mu nzira c’amashanyarazi c’amashanyarazi 120V gushika kuri 480V, iyo nkuru iraca mu mubiri wiwe igororotse ikaja mu mubiri wawe, igatuma mwempi mufunga ku nzira y’amashanyarazi.
2. Muce umuyagankuba ukoresheje ikintu cyumye kitagira umuyagankuba:
   • Loop and Drag: Zingira umugozi w’imbwa w’inylon wumye, igitambaro c’imbere c’umye, umukanda wumye, umugozi wumye, canke amaboko y’ikoti ry’urushana ryumye ryinshi ku rubavu, ku kiganza canke mu rukenyerero rw’uwagirizwa maze ubikure inyuma ubikure ku giti canke kure y’igiti.
   • Sunika canke Gutera: Koresha igikoresho co gufata umukubuzo w’ibiti vyumye, urubaho rw’ibiti rwa 2x4, igikoresho co gufata urubura c’ibiti vyumye, igikoresho co gutereramwo imyanda c’ipulasitike, canke igitanda c’umupira gikomeye co hasi mu modoka kugira ngo usunike igihimba c’umubiri c’uwagirizwa ku cuma gifise inguvu.
   • Gufata umubiri GUSA nk’uburyo bwa nyuma ku butaka bwumye: Ntukigere utera umubiri umuntu yagirizwa iyo ubutaka buri munsi yiwe ari ubutaka butoshe.

Ubutabazi bwa mbere buca bushika: CPR y’umuntu n’i CPR y’imbwa inyuma y’ugukubitwa n’umuyagankuba¶

Inkomezi nto zihinduka (50 to 480V AC) yica canecane mu guhungabanya umuyagankuba w’umutima, ugatera imitsi y’umutima mu guhungabana kw’akajagari (ventricular fibrillation) canke guhagarika guhema (uguhagarika guhema bivuye ku ntungamubiri y’umubiri n’ubwonko). Kubera ko imitsi y’umutima n’ibihimba vy’umubiri vy’uwagirizwa mu buryo bundi bifise amagara meza, ugukora CPR ubwo nyene gutangura mu masegonda 60 birafise urugero runini cane rwo gusubiza ubuzima abantu n’imbwa.

1. Ubutabazi bwa mbere n'ugusubiza umutima mu nda¶

1. Igihe uwo muntu amaze kuba ahantu heza kandi humye, ukore ku rutugu rwiwe maze uvugire induru. Raba igifu ciwe kugira ngo umenye ko ahumeka neza (ntiwirengagize guhema rimwe na rimwe canke "agonal").
2. Nimba udasubiza kandi udahema neza, tangura ubwo nyene gufata igifu:
   • Shira igitsintsiri c’ukuboko kumwe hagati y’igikiriza (igice co hasi c’igufa ry’ibere/ibere), ushire ikindi kiganza cawe hejuru, hanyuma usunike cane kandi wihuta ku 100 gushika ku 120 ku munota ku burebure bwa sentimetero 5 gushika ku 6 (2 gushika ku 2,4 inches) ku bantu bakuze.
   • Niba wamenyerejwe guhema mu gukiza, ushiremwo ugufatanya 30 ukurikiwe n’uguhumeka 2 kwo gukiza (uguhengamira umutwe inyuma, guterura ikibuno, gupfunyariza izuru, no gufuha isegonda 1 gushika igifu kiduze).
   • Wohereze umuntu ariko arabona kugira ngo afate Igikoresho co gukuraho umutima wo hanze (AED) kiri hafi cane, kivuye mu iduka riri hafi, mu nzu yo kwinonorera imitsi, mu nzu y’imbere y’ibiro, canke kw’ishure. Kubera ko ugukubitwa n’umuyagankuba bitera umuvuduko w’ugukubitwa n’umutima (ventricular fibrillation), gukoresha AED vyihuse uko bishoboka kwose ni co kintu kimwe rudende gishobora gukiza ubuzima. (Raba Ubutabazi bwa mbere buterwa n'umuyagankuba na CPR.)
3. N’aho uwo muntu yovyuka yumva ameze neza, usabe ECG 12-Lead Ambulance / Emergency Room: Guhungabana kw’umuriro muto bishobora gutuma umutima udatera neza, imitsi yo mu mutima igasenyuka (rhabdomyolysis), canke umutwe/umugongo ugakomeretswa n’ugugwa ku concre.

2. Canine CPR (Guzura Imbwa Inyuma Yo Gukubitwa n’Umuyagankuba Mu Nzira)¶

Niba imbwa yawe ipfuye ubwenge kuri beton yumye inyuma yo gukurwa ku gitereko canke ku nkingi y’itara:

+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|              EMERGENCY CANINE CPR FOR ELECTRIC SHOCK                    |
|                                                                         |
|  1. CHECK BREATHING & HEARTBEAT (Max 10 seconds):                       |
|     - Watch the chest for rise/fall; feel for the heartbeat on the      |
|       left side of the chest right where the bent left front elbow      |
|       touches the ribs (3rd to 6th rib space).                          |
|  2. POSITION THE DOG ON ITS RIGHT SIDE on a flat, dry surface.          |
|  3. HAND PLACEMENT FOR CHEST COMPRESSIONS:                              |
|     - Medium/Large Round-Chested Dogs (Retrievers, Shepherds, Labs):    |
|       Place hands over the WIDEST part of the ribcage.                  |
|     - Deep/Narrow-Chested Dogs (Greyhounds, Dobermans, Pointers):       |
|       Place hands directly over the HEART (where the left elbow meets   |
|       the chest).                                                       |
|     - Barrel-Chested Dogs (English Bulldogs, Pugs, French Bulldogs):    |
|       Lay dog on its BACK and compress directly on the breastbone       |
|       like a human.                                                     |
|     - Small Dogs & Cats (< 7 kg / 15 lbs):                              |
|       Wrap one hand around the sternum, squeezing the heart between     |
|       your thumb on one side of the chest and fingers on the other.     |
|  4. COMPRESSION RATE & DEPTH:                                           |
|     - Push at 100 to 120 compressions per minute.                       |
|     - Compress 1/3 to 1/2 the width of the dog's chest.                 |
|  5. SNOUT-TO-MOUTH RESCUE BREATHS (30 Compressions : 2 Breaths):        |
|     - Hold the dog's jaws tightly closed with your hands.               |
|     - Place your mouth completely over the dog's NOSE (both nostrils).  |
|     - Blow gently for 1 second until you see the dog's chest rise.      |
|     - Repeat 30 compressions : 2 breaths continuously until the dog     |
|       breathes on its own or you reach an emergency veterinarian.       |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+

• N'aho imbwa yawe yohaguruka ikayizunguruka inyuma yo gukubitwa n'inkuba, genda ugororotse ku muganga w'ibikoko akora amasaha 24: Imbwa zirokotse gukubitwa n'umuyagankuba zishobora kugira edema y'amahaha idatera umutima (amazi yuzuza amahaha avuye mu maraso menshi) Haciye amasaha 1 gushika kuri 12, hamwe n’ugutera kw’umutima. Raba guhema ningoga, gukorora, gutukura canke gutukura, canke ubugoyagoye.

(Imyimenyerezo y’ubutabazi bwa mbere n’ubutabazi bwa mbere irokora ubuzima. Turagusavye cane gufata inyigisho yemewe y’ubutabazi bwa mbere n’ubutabazi bwa mbere bw’ibikoko, hamwe n’inyigisho y’ubutabazi bwa mbere bw’ibikoko, iva ku musaraba utukura, St John Ambulance, canke ku muganga w’ivyihutirwa wo mu karere kawe.)

Ivyuma vyo kwirinda no kugerageza: Inkweto z’imbwa, imigozi idashobora gutwara umuriro, no gutanga raporo¶

1. Ugukingira imbwa n'abagenda n'amaguru mu gihe c'imbeho¶

• Impuzu z'imbwa zifise amaguru y'imipira: Impuzu zisanzwe canke "amasogisi y'amaguru" y'ubwoya zishobora gutoboka umunyu w'umunyu mu minota mikeyi kandi zitanga ubushobozi bwo gukingira umuyagankuba. Kugira ngo ukinge imbwa umuriro wo mu bisagara, koresha inkweto z’imipira zikozwe mu mipira (nk’inkweto z’imipira zidashobora gukingira amazi za Pawz) canke inkweto z’imipira zikomeye cane zigumye zumye imbere, zishiramwo inzitizi y’imipira y’umuyagankuba hagati y’igipfukisho c’amaguru n’ibarabara ry’amaguru ry’inguvu.
• Irinde Imigozi y'Ivyuma: Ntukigere ugendana n'imbwa mu gisagara ukoresheje umugozi w'icuma canke w'icuma. Iyo urukoba canke izuru ry’imbwa rikoze ku nkingi y’itara canke ku ruzitiro rufise inguvu, uruzitiro rw’icuma rurajana umuriro wose ugororotse mu kiganza cawe kitagira ikintu. Igihe cose ukoreshe nylon, biothane, canke imigozi y’urukoba.
• Genda ku Kigobe c'Ibipande Vyumye: Wimenyereze wewe n'abana bawe gufata ibipfukisho vy'ibinogo vy'ivyuma, ibipande vy'ivyuma vy'umurongo w'inzira, n'ibipande vy'amabarabara nk'"ivu": wama ubitera canke ubikikuje hagati y'amabuye y'amabuye y'amabuye.

2. Uko womenyesha iyo umuntu yikeka ko Contact Voltage yateye kugira ngo abakozi b'amazi babikosore ubwo nyene¶

Niba wewe canke imbwa yawe wumva mbere n’ugutera ivyatsi canke gutera ivyatsi ku nzira y’abantu bajabuka, ku nkingi y’amatara canke ku gipfukisho c’umwobo:

1. Shira ikimenyetso ku gikoresho nyaco uri kure cane: Fata ifoto yerekana igipfukisho c’umwobo, igipfukisho, canke ibara ry’icuma riri ku giti c’amatara bijanye n’aho inyubakwa iri hafi.
2. Hamagara BOSE 911 (canke 112 / 999) N’umurongo w’ivyihutirwa w’ishirahamwe ry’amashanyarazi: Zirikana ko mu bisagara vyinshi, amatara y’ivyuma n’ibimenyetso vy’imiduga ari ivy’Igisata c’Igisagara c’Ivy’Itwara abantu n’ibintu (DOT), mu gihe intsinga zo munsi y’ubutaka zizigaburira ari ivy’Ishirahamwe ry’Amashanyarazi. Guhamagara 911 na Electric Utility icarimwe ihatira inyishu y'urufatiro "Make-Safe" aho umunyagihugu agerageza igiti n'inzira y'abagenda n'igikoresho co kumenya umuriro w'amashanyarazi (Shunt-resistor voltmeter) maze agaca ububasha ku gikoresho gifise amakosa aho nyene.

Ibibazo bikunda kubazwa¶

Amasoko yasuzumwe¶

• Ikigo c’abahinga mu vy’amashanyarazi n’ivy’amashanyarazi (IEEE): Itegeko rya IEEE 1695-2016: Inyobora ya IEEE yo gutahura, gupima no kugabanya umuriro w’amashanyarazi n’uw’ugukorana (Amakosa y’ugusangira mu bisagara, ubushobozi bwo gupima intambwe/ugukorako, n’ubushobozi bwo gupima shunt-).
• Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Igihugu ca New York (NYSPSC) & Consolidated Edison (Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika): Ingingo ngenderwako z’umutekano w’amashanyarazi: Itegeko ryo kugerageza no gusuzuma amashanyarazi agendagenda (Amakuru y’umwaka y’ugupima amashanyarazi agendagenda n’amaboko ku binogo vy’amazi, amasandugu y’ibikorwa, n’amatara yo mu mabarabara yo mu gisagara).
• Ishirahamwe ry’abaganga b’ibikoko ryo muri Amerika (AVMA) & Ishirahamwe rya RECOVER (Ishirahamwe ry’abaganga b’ibikoko ry’ivyihutirwa n’ivy’ubuvuzi bukomeye): Ingingo ngenderwako z’ubuvuzi za RECOVER zo gusubiza ubuzima mu mutima n’amahaha mu mbwa n’inyabu (Gushiramwo ukuboko hakurikijwe uburyo igifu giteye, 100 gushika kuri 3:02. gukoresha umwuka uva mu zuru uja mu kanwa, no kugenzura edema y’amahaha y’imitsi y’ubwonko inyuma y’uguhungabana).
• Ishirahamwe ry’umutima ryo muri Amerika (AHA) & Inama y’Uburaya y’ugusubiza ubuzima mu mutima (ERC): Ingingo ngenderwako zo gusubiza ubuzima mu mutima n’amahaha no kwitwararika umutima n’imitsi vyihutirwa: Ibikomere vy’umuyagankuba n’ugutera kw’imitsi y’umutima n’umuriro muto.
• Umuyobozi w'ubuzima n'umutekano (HSE, Ubwongereza) & Ikigo c'ubuhinga n'ubuhinga (IET): Itegeko ry'ubuhinga bwo gucunga umutekano w'amashanyarazi mu gutanga amatara yo mu mihanda n'ibikoresho vyo mu mihanda.

Inyobora zifitaniye isano¶

• Ubutabazi bwa mbere buterwa n'umuyagankuba
• CPR (Ugusubiza ubuzima mu mutima n'amahaha)
• Imyobo y'umwotsi, ibisasu vy'amashanyarazi biri munsi y'ubutaka, n'uguturika kw'imiyoboro y'umwotsi
• Igisasu c'umuyagankuba w'ababanyi, umuriro w'igiti, canke isandugu y'icatsi kibisi idafunguwe
• Imirongo y'amashanyarazi yacitse n'umuyagankuba w'imodoka
• Ugufata amazi mu kidengeri co kwogeramwo no kurohama bitewe n'umuyagankuba
• Inyamaswa zo mu nzu mu bihe vyihutirwa
• Inomero z'ivyihutirwa