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Udukoko tuzima mu mugende w'ugutwi n'ibintu vy'amahanga biri mu zuru canke mu gutwi

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Udukoko tuzima tugendagenda, tuvuza induru, canke dukaraba ataco duhinduye ku ntugu y’ugutwi, canke urudodo, igiharage, igice c’igikinisho, umusumari, canke bateri y’ubuto gisunikiwe hejuru mu zuru ry’umwana canke mu muyoboro w’ugutwi, bisaba ubumenyi nyakuri bw’umubiri kugira ngo umurokozi ntahindure ikintu gisanzwe kimubuza gutwi ngo kibe ikintu co kumubaga. Kubera ko igice c’imbere c’amagufa c’umuyoboro w’ugutwi kw’umuntu gipfutse n’urukoba rworoshe nk’urw’impapuro rufatanye n’igufa rudafise ibinure, kandi kubera ko amaguru y’inzoka canke y’inzoka y’inzoka afise amababa azunguruka inyuma ku buryo ishobora gusa kugenda imbere yerekeza ku ngoma y’ugutwi, igatera mu gutwi n’inkoni y’inzoka to tympanic membrane mu bwoba, canke asunika urudodo ruzunguruka rukarenga isthmus y’amagufa y’agahomerabunwa agororotse aciye mu ngoro y’ugutwi. N’ikindi gihambaye kuruta, bateri y’ubuto ya litiyumu canke amamagneti ya neodymium abiri imbere mu zuru canke mu gutwi, bituma haba umuyagankuba canke umuvuduko w’amazi mu mfuruka zitose ziturira umwobo uhoraho biciye mu nzira y’izuru canke mw’igufa ry’umuyoboro w’ugutwi mu minota 60 gushika ku 120. Kumenya gupfuka igikoko kizima ata nkomanzi n'amavuta y'amabuye y'agaciro canke y'imyelayo, ingene wokora "Ugusoma kwa Mawe" (Ugusoma kw'Umuvyeyi) bishingiye ku bimenyamenya ku bintu vy'amahanga bifise umutekano mu mazuru, n'ibintu bidakwiye kwigera bikora ku ntonde y'amazi bikiza ugutwi n'imiterere yo mu maso.

Amabateri y’ubuto n’amasumasi yo mu zuru canke mu gutwi ni ibintu vyihutirwa vy’iminota 60 biterwa n’imiti

Nimba umwana yoba yarashize ubuto/bateri y’igiceri (ivuye kw’isaha, igikoresho co kwumva, igikinisho gitoyi, urufunguzo, canke itara ry’icayi ry’amatara) canke amasumasi y’ububasha bwinshi mu mazuru canke mu muyoboro w’ugutwi, genda ku Igisata c’Ibitaro vy’Ivyihutirwa kiri hafi Bateri y’ubuto ifashwe mu mfuruka z’amazuru canke mu mfuruka y’amatwi itose, itanga umuyagankuba wo hanze utanga sodium hydroxide (caustic lye) mu minota 15 gushika kuri 30, ugasha burundu biciye mu nzira y’amazuru, mu mutsi wo mu maso, canke mu **h2. NTUKIGERE ushiramwo imiti y’umunyu yo mu mazuru, amazi, canke amatotsi yo mu matwi mu zuru canke mu gutwi birimwo bateri y’ubuto, kuko amazi akora nk’umuyoboro w’umuyagankuba wihutisha cane umuriro w’umuyagankuba w’umuyagankuba.

Ivyo ubikore ubu

  1. Ubwambere, menye ICO kiri mu gutwi canke mu zuru imbere yo gukora ku kintu cose canke gusuka amazi yose:
  2. Bateri y'ubuto canke Amamagneti abiri (Izuru canke Ugutwi): Genda ugororotse ku Igisata c'Ibitaro vy'Ivyihutirwa UBU. Gumana umwana Nothing by Mouth (NPO) kugira ngo akurweho vyihutirwa, kandi NTUshire amatotsi, imiti, canke amazi mu zuru canke mu gutwi.
  3. Udukoko tuzima mu mugende w’ugutwi (Uguvuza induru, gukaraba, n’ububabare bukomeye): NTUKIRE** ivyuma vy’ugutwi, intoke, canke igitambaro c’ipampa mu gutwi. Gumana uwo muntu atuje, usuzume ko adafise ingoma y’ugutwi canke uturongo tw’ugutwi tuzwi ko dutoboye, hanyuma uce uhagarika/uroha udukoko ubwo nyene mu kwuzuza umuyoboro w’ugutwi amavuta y’amabuye y’agaciro afise ubushuhe bwo mu cumba canke asusurutse gatoyi, amavuta y’abana, canke amavuta y’imyelayo/imbogap (3se).
  4. Ibintu vyumye vy'imboga (Ibitoke vyumye, Ibitunguru, Imbuto y'Ibigori, Imbuto, canke Ibitoke) canke Ifu/Igikoko c'Amazi Gishobora Kwaguka mu Gutwi: NTUKIGEZE uyisukura canke ngo uyivomere n'amazi. Amazi atuma ibitoke vyumye, imbuto, n'ibitoke vy'amazi bishobora kuvyimba bikomeye mu ruhande rw'amazi ububabare bukomeye bw’umukazo.
  5. Ikintu gikomeye giteye igomwe mu zuru rimwe ry'umwana akorana (Ibuye ry'ipulasitike, igipande ca Lego, igitunguru, ifu, canke urupapuro rw'impuzu, ATARI Bateri/Imagneti): Kora ikigeragezo kimwe c'ubugwaneza c'"Ugusoma kwa Mawe" (Ugusoma kw'Umuvyeyi) positive-pressure Steppressure (4).
  6. NTUKIGEZE utera amapinze, amapinze y’ipampa (Q-tips), amapine, canke intoke mu muhogo w’ugutwi canke hejuru y’izuru kugira ngo ufate ikintu kizunguruka. Iyo amapinze asanzwe apfutse umubumbe uryoshe kandi utose (nk’urudodo rw’ipulasitike n’urudodo rw’ipulasitike n’ikintu gipfutse), birengeye, bakabica mu nzira y’amagufa y’umuyoboro w’ugutwi bifatanye n’inguvu, canke bagasunika ikintu co mu zuru kigasubira inyuma mu nzira y’impwemu aho umwana ashobora kugihumekera (kugihumeka) mu nzira y’impwemu yabo.
  7. Uko wohagarika udukoko tuzima mu muhogo w'ugutwi ubwo nyene:
  8. Icara canke uryamye umuntu ugutwi kwafashwe kuraba HEJURU yerekeza ku gisenge.
  9. Igihe gusa igihimba c’ugutwi kidakomeretse (nta nkuru y’ugutobora kw’igihimba c’ugutwi, imirongo y’ugutwi, canke amaraso ava mu gutwi): Kurura ugutwi kw’inyuma uja hejuru n’inyuma (mu muntu akuze) canke ugorore inyuma n’ugusubira hasi gatoyi (mu mwana atarashika ku myaka 3) kugira ngo ugorore igihimba c’ugutwi c’inyuma gifise igishushanyo ca S-aral, amavuta y’abana, canke amavuta ya elayo** ugenda umanuka ku ruhome rwo ku ruhande rw’umugende gushika aho uteraniye hejuru, ushiremwo ako gakoko kose mu mazi mu minota 5 gushika ku 10 gushika aho ukwinyiganza kwose n’uguvuza induru bihagaze.
  10. (Iciyumviro: Nimba ako gakoko ari agakoko gatoyi kaguruka nk’agakoko k’inyenzi canke k’inzoka kandi nta mavuta ufise, zima amatara yose yo mu cumba maze umurikishe umuco w’itara ry’umuco hanze y’aho ugutwi gufungukira iminota 2 kugira ngo urabe nimba gasohoka yerekeza ku rumuri, ntukigere ukayangana umuco at**rock are which photophobic kandi izokwimba kure cane y'umuco.)
  11. Uko wokora "Ugusoma kwa Mama" (Ugusoma kw'Umuvyeyi) ku kintu kitari muri bateri gifatanye mu zuru RImwe:
  12. Reka umuvyeyi yizigiye abwire umwana ko bagiye kumuha "ugusomana gukomeye gutwenza."
  13. Ushire akanwa k’umuvyeyi kafunguye hejuru yose y’akanwa k’umwana kafunguye (ukore ikidodo gikomeye nk’uguhema kw’ugukiza).
  14. Koresha urutoke rumwe canke urukumu rumwe kugira ngo ukande izuru ry’umwana RITAZINGIWE (ryatomoye) rifungwe rwose.
  15. Ha umuyaga umwe mugufi, utyaye, ukomeye mu kanwa k’umwana (umara igihe kitari munsi y’isegonda 1, bihagije gusa kugira ngo wumve ko hariho ukurwanya uko ururimi rw’umwana rufunga mu buryo busanzwe kandi umuyaga ukaduga inyuma y’ururimi rworoshe ukaja inyuma y’umwobo w’izuru wari warazibiye), ushire ico kintu hanze y’ururimi rwazibiwe).
  16. Suzuma "Ibisohoka mu zuru bimota nabi ku ruhande rumwe" mu bana bato: Iyo umwana muto canke umwana muto afise ibinuka bimota nabi, bifise ibisebe (umuhondo/icatsi kibisi) canke bifise ibara ry'amaraso biva mu zuru RImwe GUSA mu misi canke amayinga, wiyumvire ko **igice c'izuru ryihishijwe, su wad, ivyokurya canke ibateri y’ubuto) bishirwa muri iryo zuru gushika bigaragajwe ko ata co bivuze biciye ku kipimo c’izuru c’umuganga.

Igiti c'ingingo y'ugutoranya vyihutirwa: Ugutwi vs. Izuru Umubiri w'amahanga n'udukoko tuzima

Koresha iki kigereranyo c’ubuvuzi kugira uhitemwo uburyo nyabwo bwo gukuraho ataco buhungabanya kandi wirinde amakosa ateye akaga yo gufumbira canke yo gukoresha ibikoresho.

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    EarType -->|"BUTO BATERI canke IKINTU GISOSA<br/>(Ibirahuri, Intsinga, Impanuro y'Ipampa)"| EarUrgent["IGICE C'IBIHUTIRIZWA:<br/>1. NTUZOKWIGEZE uvomera canke ushire amatotsi kuri Bateri y'Ibuto<br/>2. Bateri iturira igufa ry'umuyoboro w'ugutwi n'umutsi wo mu maso mu masaha < 2<br/>3. Gumana umurwayi NPO kugira ngo akurweho vyihuse"]

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    EarType -->|"INERT IKINTU KIROSA<br/>(Ibuye ry'ipulasitike, Amabuye y'agaciro, Igipfukisho)"| EarBead["IKIBAZO C’UBUVUZI C’UMUSI UMUNSI UMUNSI / UKURIKIRA:<br/>NTUFATE n’ibipimo (bisunika birenze igihimba c’amagufa);<br/>Umuganga akuraho akoresheje igikoresho co kunyonga, inkoni ya cyanoacrylate,<br/>urudodo rw’iburyo, canke gufumbira amazi asusurutse"]

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    NoseType -->|"IKINTU C'IBIMENYETSO CANKE C'IBIMENYETSO<br/>(Ibuye, Ibitunguru, Lego, Ifu, Impapuro)<br/>mu Mwana Atekanye, Afise Ubwenge"| MothersKiss["GUKORA 'UGUSOMA KWA MAMA' (CANKE GUFUHA IZURU):<br/>1. Umwana mukuru/umuntu mukuru: Gufunga izuru ryiza & gufuha izuru cane<br/>2. Umwana muto: Funga akanwa hejuru y'akanwa k'umwana, ukande CLEAR<br/> urutoke, ushire umuyaga 1 ukomeye<br/>3. Iyo 2 puffs zitashoboye -> Genda mu bitaro vyihutirwa / ER (Ntukigere ukoresha amapinze)"]

Igice ca 1: Udukoko tuzima mu mugende w'ugutwi

Kubera iki udukoko tuzima mu gutwi dutera ububabare bukomeye n’ubwoba

Umuyoboro w’ugutwi w’inyuma w’umuntu ni umuyoboro w’impumyi ufise ishusho y’inyuguti ya S ufise uburebure bwa \(2.5\text{ centimeters}\) (\(1\text{ inch}\)) ugaca ugabanuka ku nzira y’icupa yitwa bony isthmus imbere gusa y’ingoma y’ugutwi: 1. Ica gatatu co hanze (Cartilaginous Canal): Gifise urukoba rwinshi cane, utugingo ngengabuzima tw’ubwoya, n’utugingo ngengabuzima tw’amatwi. 2. Ivyiyumviro bibiri vya gatatu vy’imbere (Umuyoboro w’amagufa/amagufa) n’Igipfukisho c’Igihimba c’Igihimba: Gipfutse n’urukoba gusa rufise uburebure bwa \(0.2\text{ millimeters}\) gifatanye n’igice c’imbere c’igufa ry’igihanga kitagira ibinure biri munsi y’urukoba**, gifise imitsi y’amashami ya VCNer (NIIve), VCNer Fa Umutsi w’Ijambo (CN IX), n’Umutsi w’Ijambo (CN X, umutsi wa Arnold)**. 3. Igituma ako gakoko kadashobora gusubira inyuma ubwako: Udukoko dusanzwe two mu rugo twikwegera mu matwi mw’ijoro mu gihe abantu baryamye hasi, bakambika hanze, canke mw’itongo, cane cane ibikoko vy’ibikoko vy’ubudagi (Blattella germanica), ibikoko vy’ibikoko, earwigsearwigs **ibikere**bifise imitwe isongoye n’imitsi y’ibirenge yerekana inyuma ku maguru yavyo. Iyo zimaze gukwegakwega mu mugende w’ugutwi uriko uragabanuka, ku mubiri ntizishobora guhindukira kandi amaguru yazo afise amahembe arafata ku mpome z’uwo mugende iyo zigerageje gusubira inyuma. Igihe cose ako gakoko kagerageje gutera imbere, amano yaco arakaraba ataco ahinduye ku uruzitiro rw’imbere rufise ubushobozi bwo gutahura cane, bigatuma haba ugutontomera kw’inkuba, gutuma umuntu agira ugutwi imbere mu mutwe w’umurwayi, bigatuma umuntu agira ububabare bukomeye n’ugusesa amaraso (biciye ku nzira ya Arnold’s vagal reflex).

Itegeko #1 ryo Gukuraho Udukoko: Imisi yose WICE / UGIRE IMBOBILE y'udukoko IMBERE y'uko umuntu wese agerageza kudukuraho

Mbere no mu bitaro vy’ibiza vyihutirwa, inyigisho z’ubuvuzi zirerekana ko kugerageza gukura udukoko tuzima, turiko turagwana mu muyoboro w’ugutwi ukoresheje amapinsi bitashoboka canke bikazana umuyoboro w’ugutwi, ukava amaraso, n’ugucika kw’inguvu z’amatwi ku rugero runini, kubera ko ako gakoko gafatanya amaguru yaco y’imbere y’amagufa n’ibipande vy’amagufa y’amagufa. amano aratabura ingoma y’ugutwi.

Intambwe ku yindi y'Itegeko ryo Guhagarika Ugukora mu Rugo (Igihe Ingoma y'Ugutwi Idakomeretse): 1. Suzuma ko ATA n’aho umuntu atoboye mu gutwi: Baza nimba uwo muntu afise uturongo tw’ugutwi (tympanostomy grommets), umwobo uzwi mu nguvu, canke amaraso menshi/amazi asobanutse ava mu gutwi inyuma y’ugukomeretswa. (Nimba bafise ingoma canke imirongo y’amatwi itoboye, NTUSUKE amazi yose mu gutwi; utuze umurwayi, ufate igitambaro gishushe gitose hejuru y’inyuma y’ugutwi kugira ngo ijwi rizimye, hanyuma ugende ugororotse mu bitaro vy’ibiza.) 2. Shira umurwayi: Uwo muntu aryamye ku ruhande (canke yicare umutwe wiwe uhindukiye ku ruhande aruhukiye ku musego) ugutwi kwafashwe kukaba kwerekeje HEJURU ku gisenge. 3. Hitamwo amazi ashobora gutuma umuntu aniha: - Amahitamwo meza yo mu rugo: Amavuta y’amabuye y’agaciro, amavuta y’abana atagira umunuko, amavuta ya elayo, canke amavuta y’imboga/canola ku bushuhe bwo mu cumba canke ubushuhe bw’umubiri bushushe (ntiwigere ashuha.). - Kubera iki amavuta y’ibitoke aruta amazi asanzwe yo muhira: Udukoko duhumeka biciye mu tunogo dutoduto turi ku mpande z’imibiri yavyo twitwa spiracles, dupfutse ubwoya bw’ibishashara bushobora kwirukana amazi (hydrophobic) butuma ibikoko vyinshi n’ibikoko bishobora kubaho munsi y’amazi mu minota301. Amavuta y’amabuye y’agaciro (amavuta y’amabuye y’agaciro canke amavuta ya elayo) aca apfuka kandi akazibira utugingo ngengabuzima tudakunda amazi biciye ku gikorwa c’imitsi, agatuma ako gakoko karemvye kandi kakagapfa mu masegonda 30 gushika kuri 120 mu gihe kakareremba buhoro buhoro kure y’inguvu z’ugutwi. - (Iciyumviro c’ibitaro: Mu gisata c’ubuvuzi bw’ibihe vyihutirwa, abaganga bakoresha 2% viscous or aqueous lidocaine canke amavuta y’amabuye y’agaciro, ivyo vyose bikaba bituma umuyoboro w’ugutwi udakora neza kandi bikaba bituma imihora y’amazi y’inzoka irema ningoga, naho amavuta y’amabuye y’agaciro atuma ubwoko bumwe bumwe mbere ningoga ata n’urukoba rutera)w. 4. Gorora umuyoboro w'ugutwi uwuzuze gushika ku ruhande: - Ku muntu mukuru canke umwana arengeje imyaka 3: Fata neza hejuru y’ugutwi kw’inyuma (pinna) uyikwegere HEJURU n’INYUMA kugira ngo ugorore S-curve. - Ku mwana w’uruyoya canke w’umuhungu mutoyi afise imyaka iri munsi ya 3: Ukwegere ugutwi kw’inyuma buhoro buhoro UGOROKA MU GIHE C’INYUMA kandi GUKERA MU GIHUGU gatoyi. - Buhoro buhoro usuke canke ushire amavuta ku ruhome rwo ku ruhande rw’umugende w’ugutwi (ureke ibibumbano vy’umuyaga bifunzwe inyuma y’udukoko bivemwo) gushika amavuta ateraniye ku bwinjiriro bw’uwo mugende nyene. 5. Rindira iminota 5 gushika kuri 10 yuzuye: Gumana umuntu aryamye ugutwi kuraba hejuru gushika gukaraba, gutera ijwi, no kwinyiganza vyose bihagaze nibura iminota 5. 6. Ukure amavuta mu bugwaneza maze urondere umuganga gukuraho ako gakoko kapfuye: Uwo muntu azunguze umutwe hejuru y’igitambaro, ugutwi kwafashwe kuraba hasi. Rimwe na rimwe akabuzi canke ikimonyo gitoyi kirareremba kigasohoka kijana n’ayo mavuta. Nimba ako gakoko kapfuye (canke igice cako ico ari co cose) gasigaye imbere mu muyoboro w’ugutwi, genda mu kigo c’ubuvuzi bwihutirwa canke mu kigo c’ubuvuzi bwihutirwa uwo musi nyene kugira ngo umuganga ashobore gusukura canke gukuraho umuvyimba utagira ikibazo maze asuzume ingoma y’ugutwi, ugasiga ibice vy’udukoko twapfuye imbere mu mugende w’ugutwi gushushe bitera ba**otitis Amasaha 24 gushika kuri 48.

Udukoko dukunda umuco (tukunda umuco) n'utwo dukunda umuco (tukwanka umuco)

Impanuro zizwi cane zivuga kenshi ko "ushobora guca ibibatsi mu gutwi mu cumba c'umwiza kugira ngo iyo nkoko isohoke yerekeze ku muco." Menya udukoko twawe imbere yo kugerageza ibi. Mu gihe udukoko tuguruka nka ibinyogomba, imibu, n’ibikoko bifise ubushobozi bwo gukora neza (bikwegwakwegwa n’umuco), ibikoko, ibikoko vyo mu matwi, n’ibikoko vyinshi bikunda cane umuco (bihunga umuco w’umwiza kugira ngo bihishe muvi. Gukayangana umuco w’itara ry’agahama mu gutwi kurimwo inzoka nzima bituma itera igororotse imbere mu ngoro y’ugutwi kubera ubwoba. Igihe cose ukoreshe amavuta y’imiti/amavuta ya elayo ku bikoko bikwegakwega.

Igice ca 2: Ibintu vy'amahanga bitagira ubuzima biri mu mugende w'ugutwi

Abana bafise imyaka 2 gushika ku myaka 8 bakunda gusunika amabuye, utugingo ngengabuzima dutoduto tw’ibikinisho vy’ipulasitike, amabuye y’agaciro, imbuto z’ibigori, ibiharage vyumye, amasonga y’ikarayo, canke amabateri y’amabuto mu muyoboro w’ugutwi kwabo canke w’uwo bakinana, mu gihe abakuze bakunda guca igitambaro co gupfuka (Q-tips-siliringaton) he domes, ibice vy’ibipfukisho vy’amatwi vy’ifu, canke impanuro z’ibipfukisho vy’amatwi bitagira amashanyarazi imbere mu mugende.

Ivyiciro 4 vy'Imibiri y'Amahanga yo mu Gutwi n'Uko Imwe Yose Itegerezwa Gufatwa

Urutonde rw'Ikintu co mu Gutwi Ingero zisanzwe Mbega Yoshobora Gusukurwa n’Amazi Ashushe? Kubera iki amapinze yo mu rugo ananirwa n'ingene abaganga bayakuraho
1. Ivy'ugusenyuka / Ivy'umuyagankuba (Iminota 60 y'Ivyihutirwa) Bateri z'ubuto (ivyuma vy'ifeza, litiyumu, alkaline),amasumasi abiri. NTUKIGERE UFUMA AMAZI CANKE UMUNYU. Amazi atwara umuyagankuba kandi yihutisha gusenyuka kw’igufa ry’umuyoboro w’ugutwi, ingoma y’ugutwi, amagufa, n’Umutsi wo mu maso (CN VII). Igisata c’Ivyihutirwa: Bikurwako vyumye mu kubona kw’amatwi hakoreshejwe urudodo rw’imfuruka y’iburyo, urudodo rwo kunyonga, canke urudodo rw’amabuye y’agaciro, hanyuma bagasukura ibisigazwa vy’ibisigazwa vy’amaraso.
2. Ibintu vy'amazi / bishobora kwaguka n'ibintu vy'amazi Ibishyimbo vyumye, ibitunguru, imbuto z’ibitoke, imbuto, inkere, amabuye y’amazi ashobora kwaguka (Orbeez/hydrogel polymers), igiponji/ifu ipfutse. NTUKIGERE UFUMA AMAZI. Gunywa amazi bituma ibiharage, imbuto, n’amabuye y’amazi y’amazi bivyimba gushika ku \(2\times\text{ gushika ku }10\10\) y’ubunini bwavyo, bikabifatanya cane imbere mu muyoboro w’amagufa ukomeye bigatuma urukoba rugira ischemic necrosis. Ikigeragezo c’Ivuriro ryihutirwa / ENT: Iyo igiharage gisanzwe kivyimvye gatoyi, abaganga bashobora gutera inzoga y’isopropyl (95%) canke amavuta y’amabuye y’agaciro (iyo gusa ingoma y’ugutwi idakomeretse) kugira ngo kivemwo amazi/gishire amavuta, hanyuma bakagitera **urudodo rw’iburyo canke *urudodo rw’umusi) gusohoka.
3. Ibintu Bimeze neza, Bikikuje, Bikomeye (Umutego w'Igikoresho) Amabuye y'izosi y'ipulasitike, amasaro, amabuye y'agaciro y'ibirahuri, amabuye ya BB, amabuye y'agaciro, utumbuto dutoduto dukomeye. Ego (n'umuganga GUSA iyo hariho umwanya ukikuje urudodo kandi ingoma y'ugutwi ikaba idakomeretse): Umuganga ashaka gukoresha umugezi w'amazi asusurutse (\(37^\circ\text{C}\)) ku ruhome rw'amazi rwo hejuru rw'umugongo (superior-posterior)** kugira ngo amazi ashike *inyuma yayo. Igituma amapinze adakora: Amapinze y’inzoka canke yo mu nzu ntashobora gufunguka cane imbere mu mugende mutoyi kugira ngo ashobore kurenga equateur y’umubumbe; guca ku nzira y’imbere birasa urudodo rukarenga uruzitiro rw’amagufa rukaja mu ngoro y’ugutwi. Abaganga bakoresha ibikoresho vyo kunyonga (catheter ya Schuchman), ibipfukisho vy’imfuruka y’iburyo, ibikoresho vy’umupira w’amaguru vya Katz, canke ibipimo vy’inkoni y’ivyuma vy’i cyanacrylate.
4. Ibintu vyoroshe, bidasanzwe, bishobora gufatwa mu mugende wo hanze Ipampa ry'ipampa ry'ipampa, urupapuro rw'impuzu, silikoni yoroshe yo gufasha kwumva, igipfukisho c'ugutwi c'ifu. Irinde amazi ku mpapuro/ipampa (bihindura impapuro zibe umunyu bigatuma ipampa riremera). Biroroshe gufatwa n’umuganga abona ataco akora akoresheje otoscope akoresheje amapinze y’ibikoko bita micro-alligator.

Igituma Gutera Amatara mu Gutwi (Amatara y’Amatwi y’Abahopi) Bibujijwe Cane

Ntukigere ukoresha "amabuye y'amatwi" y'ibishashara vy'imyobo kugira ngo ugerageze kunyonka ikintu c'amahanga, udukoko canke igipfukisho c'ibishashara vy'amatwi. Ivyigwa vy’ubuvuzi bw’ibinyabuzima n’ivy’ubuvuzi bw’ibinyabuzima vyo muri Amerika (FDA)** na AAO-HNS vyemeza ko amabuye y’agaciro yo mu matwi atanga unyota y’ubusa imbere mu muyoboro w’amatwi (ifu y’ibishashara iri imbere mu buji buturitse ikomoka ku buji ubwayo) kandi akaguma atera amazi guturika cane kubera ubushuhe no gutakaza ugutahura kw’ibihe bidahera.

Igice ca 3: Ibintu vy'amahanga biri mu zuru (Ikinogo c'izuru)

Ivyerekeye umubiri w’Izuru: Kubera iki gusunika hejuru ari ikosa #1

Iyo abavyeyi baravye izuru ry’umwana bari hanze, ikiraro co hanze c’izuru kiratemba kija hejuru kija ku maso, bigatuma abantu biyumvira ko inzira y’izuru ija hejuru. - Ukuri kw’umubiri: Hasi mu mfuruka y’izuru ry’umuntu (isonga ry’ururimi rukomeye / igisenge c’akanwa) rigororotse inyuma mu buryo buringaniye (\(90\text{ degrees}\) rigororotse mu maso) ryerekeza inyuma y’umuhogo (umuhogo). - Hafi 90 kw’ijana vy’ibintu biva mu mazuru biva muri kimwe muri ivyo bibanza bibiri: imbere gusa y’imbere y’izuru munsi y’uruzitiro rwo hasi, canke imbere y’uruzitiro rwo hagati**. - Kubera iki gutera hejuru canke gukoresha ivyuma bifata amapinze ari akaga: Gutera hejuru birashaza urusobe rw’imitsi y’imbere y’izuru (Kiesselbach’s plexus / Little’s area), bikaba bituma umuntu agira umubiri uremereye kuva amaraso mu zuru ivyo bihisha ico kintu rwose. Ikibi kuruta, gusunika urudodo canke inyama y’ingurube inyuma bica biyitera hejuru y’urubibi rw’inyuma rw’ururimi bishika mu muhogo no mu mfuruka y’umuhogo, bikaba bituma umuntu apfa cane . aniha.

Ivyihutirwa #1 mu zuru: Amabateri y'ubuto n'amamagneti y'ivyuma vy'i Neodymium

1. Amabateri y’ubuto mu zuru (Necrose mu minota 60 gushika kuri 120)

Iyo igiceri gitoyi canke ibateri y’ubuto (\(3\text{V}\) litiyumu canke \(1.5\text{V}\) ibateri y’ifeza-oxide/alkaline ivuye mu gikoresho co kwumva, igikinisho gitoyi, igiharuro canke ikarata y’indamukanyo y’umuziki) isunikiwe mu zuru ry’umwana: - Ivyo bihimba vy’umubiri vy’amazuru bitose kandi bifise umunyu birafatanya ibihimba vyiza (\(+\)) n’ibibi (\(-\)) vya bateri, bikarangiza umurongo w’inyuma w’amashanyarazi. - Ku umurongo w’inyuma (\(-\)) (uruhande rw’igipfukisho rwa bateri rusanzwe kandi rutoyi), uguhindura amazi n’umuyagankuba gutuma habaho **iyon z’amazi (\(\text{OH}^-\)), bigatuma habaho amazi y’amazi (y’amazi y’amazi afise \(\text{pH}3\) y’amadolari 12\text{pH}3$ gushika kuri \(12\text{OH}^-\)). - Liquefaction necrosis ipfukura urukoba rw’umubiri maze ikarya igororotse biciye mu gice c’izuru gifise amagufa mu minota 60 gushika ku 120, igasiga igice c’izuru gihoraho (umwobo w’ugutera ijwi hagati y’amazuru), gusenyuka kw’izuru ry’ikiraro c’amazuru canke - Ibimenyetso vy’imburi vy’Ibateri y’Ibuto y’Izuru Itabonetse: Ububabare bw’izuru butunguranye ku ruhande rumwe, gushavura, ugusenyuka/ugusohoka kw’amaraso kw’ibara ry’umuhondo, ryirabura, canke ry’umugese biva mu zuru rimwe, ukuvyimba mu maso hirya no hino y’izuru/ijisho, canke akamoto k’icuma. - Amategeko agenga ubutabazi bwa mbere: Genda Igisata c'ubuvuzi bw'ibiza vy'ibitaro ubwo nyene. Ntukigere utera amatotsi y’umunyu, imiti yo mu mazuru, canke amazi. Gumana umwana Nta kintu na kimwe mu kanwa (NPO).

2. Amasumasi abiri akomeye cane ajabuka igice c'izuru

Abana bakuze n'abatarashika mu myaka y'ubuyabaga rimwe na rimwe bashiramwo utugingo ngengabuzima tubiri dutoduto tw'ivu ryitwa neodymium rare-earth (canke "faux nose rings" z'amabuye y'agaciro) imbere mu mazuru yompi kugira ngo zifatanye zijabuka igice c'izuru co hagati. - Ugukwegwakwegwa gukomeye kw’umuyagankuba kuramenagura imitsi y’amaraso y’umubiri (perichondrium) igaburira umutsi w’izuru. - Mu masaha 2 gushika kuri 6, ischemic pressure necrose irasambura igihimba c’umubiri gica mu gice c’umubiri, igatera umwobo uhoraho biciye mu gice c’umubiri. - Gukuraho vyihuse: Amasumasi y’amazuru abiri asabwa gukurwaho vuba mu gisata c’ivyihutirwa (kenshi hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bitagira amasumasi, ibikoresho vy’amapulasitike bitobito, canke amasumasi yo hanze arwanya inyuma yo gutera umuti wo gutera umutima/gutera umutima).

Intambwe ku yindi y'ubuhinga bwo "Gusoma Umuvyeyi" (Gusoma Umuvyeyi)

Ku kintu kizwi ko gifise umutekano (nk’urudodo rw’ipulasitike, igiti c’umukara, igiti c’umukaraba, igice c’ifu, canke igiti c’umukaraba, ntiwigere ukoresha ibateri y’ubuto, umusumari, canke ikirahuri/ipin ityaye) gishizwe mu mazuru RImwe y’umwana afise ubwenge, ari maso hagati y’imyaka 1 n’imyaka 8, Ki**"s (Mother)' ubuhinga butagiramwo ububabare bwemejwe n’amabwirizwa y’ubuvuzi bw’ibihe vyihutirwa (Cochrane Systematic Review n’ibigo bikuru vy’ubuvuzi bw’ibihe vyihutirwa vy’abana) bushobora kwirukana neza ico kintu ku gipfunsi ca mbere canke ica kabiri mu bice birenga 60 kw’ijana, kikirinda ibikoresho vy’ivyuma biteye ubwoba canke imiti yo gutera ubwoba mu bitaro:

Intambwe ya 1: Gutegura no gusubiza umutima mu nda umwana

  • Umwana agume yicaye agororotse (yihetse gatoyi imbere) mu biganza vy’umuvyeyi yizigirwa.
  • Sigura ubuhinga nk'urukino canke "ugusoma kw'ubupfumu gukomeye" kugira umwana ntaririre canke ngo ahumeke cane. (Nimba umwana akuze kandi ashobora gukurikiza amabwirizwa, banza umusabe gusa akanda urutoke rumwe ku zuru rigaragara ryugarijwe, hanyuma apfutse izuru ryiwe cane mu zuru ryugarijwe akanwa kafunze, ivyo vyonyene akenshi bica bisohoka ico kintu.)

Intambwe ya 2: Funga akanwa maze ufunge izuru ryiza

  • Umuvyeyi ashira akanwa kabo kafunguye ashikamye hejuru y’akanwa k’umwana kafunguye, ivyo bikaba bituma habaho ikidodo kidashobora gushikamwo umwuka gikikuje iminwa y’umwana (bisa n’ugutanga impwemu yo gukiza akanwa ku kanwa).
  • Umuvyeyi akoresheje urukumu rumwe canke urutoke rw’urutoke, akanda ku ruhande rw’izuru ry’umwana RITAZINGIWE (ritagira ikintu) ryuzuye ku gice c’izuru kugira ngo arikingire, asige izuru ryazibiwe ryuguruye cane.

Intambwe ya 3: Gutanga Umuyaga Umwe Mugufi, Ukaze

  • Uko umuvyeyi atangura gufuha buhoro buhoro, umubiri w’umwana urafunga glottis (imitsi y’ijwi) kugira ngo ukingire amahaha, ugaca ujana umuyaga hejuru inyuma y’ururimi rworoshe ukaja mu nzira y’amazuru ipfutse inyuma y’ico kintu.
  • Igihe umuvyeyi yumvise iyo ntambamyi ntoyi mu kanwa k’umwana, baca batanga umuyaga umwe mugufi, utyaye, ukomeye (umara nk’amasegonda 0,5, ntuvyipfuze cane nk’uguhumeka kw’amahaha gukomeye).
  • Ico kirere ciza gica gitera urudodo canke igitunguru kigororotse kikava imbere y’izuru ryazibiye kikaja ku matama y’umuvyeyi canke ku gitambaro.

Intambwe ya 4: Menya igihe co guhagarika ("Igipimo c'Ibigeragezo Bibiri")

  • Iyo ico kintu kitasohotse (canke kija ku ruhande rw’imbere cane aho kigwa) inyuma y’ugufuha 2 mu buryo bworoshe**, HAGARA ubwo nyene maze umujane umwana mu kigo c’ubuvuzi bwihutirwa canke mu kigo c’ubuvuzi bwihutirwa.
  • Kubera iki Ugusoma kw’Umuvyeyi kugira ingorane hafi ya zero yo gusunika ico kintu mu mahaha? Kubera ko umuvuduko w’umuyaga mwiza uva mu kanwa ukaja hejuru ukaja imbere uva mu zuru, umuvuduko w’umuyaga usunika ico kintu kure y’inzira y’impwemu, ntukijako.

Uko womenya umubiri w'amahanga wo mu mazuru canke mu gutwi "Wibagiwe" Haciye Imisi

Abana batoyi bo mu myaka 1 gushika ku myaka 4 barakunda gusunika igipande c’ibifungurwa, igiponji, urupapuro rwo gupfuka, ikaramu canke urudodo mu zuru canke mu gutwi ata n’umwe babibwiye. Raba ibi bimenyetso vy'isuzuma vyacerewe:

Aho hantu Ikimenyetso ca kera cacerewe c'umukono (Imisi gushika ku ndwi zikurikira) Igituma Kenshi Bisuzumwa Nabi
Umubiri w'amahanga wo mu mazuru uhishijwe Ivyiyumviro biva mu zuru biva ku ruhande rumwe (vy’uruhande rumwe) bimota nabi, bifise umuhondo-icatsi kibisi canke bifise amaraso, biherekejwe n’umunuko mubi (halitosis) n’urukoba rudatetse munsi y’izuru RImwe gusa. Kenshi umuntu asuzumwa nabi biciye ku telefone canke mu kigeragezo cihuta ko ari "indwara y'ibihaha" canke "indwara y'ibihaha" bagahabwa imiti yo mu kanwa (Iciyumviro: ibicurane n'indwara z'ibihaha bitera amazuru yose; ibiva mu mazuru bihumanye biva ku ruhande rumwe mu mwana muto ni umubiri w'amahanga gushika bigaragajwe ko atari vyo).
Umubiri w'amahanga w'umuyoboro w'ugutwi uhishijwe Ugukomeza gukwega ugutwi ku ruhande rumwe, ugutwi gupfutse, ugusohoka kw’amazi mu gutwi kunuka nabi (otorrhea), canke "indwara z’ugutwi" zisubira inyuma zidashobora gukira. Ishobora gufatwa nabi nk’indwara y’ugutwi kw’umuyoga canke ugutwi kwo hagati iyo umushari wo mu gutwi uhishe ico kintu ibwina cane mu mugende.

Inyandiko nyayo yo guhanahana amakuru kuri 911 / 112 / 999 n'ugutoranya abarwayi

Koresha ibi bimenyetso vy’ubuvuzi bitomoye igihe ushitse ku kigo c’ubuvuzi vyihutirwa canke uhamagara ngo bagufashe:

  • Kubera umuntu akekwa ko hari ubuto mu zuru canke mu gutwi (Ivyihutirwa vuba):

    *"Ivyihutirwa: umwana wanje w'imyaka [Imyaka] yashize BUTO BATTERY mu [izuru ry'ibubamfu/iburyo / umuyoboro w'ugutwi] nk'iminota [Igitigiri] iheze [canke afise amaraso y'umwirabura avuye mu zuru rimwe afise bateri ibuze ivuye mu gikinisho yakoreshejwe]. Nothing by Mouth (NPO).

  • Ku gikoko kizima kiri mu mugende w'ugutwi:

    *"Umurwayi afise udukoko tuzima twafunzwe cane mu muyoboro w'ugutwi [w'ibubamfu/iburyo] utera ububabare bukomeye ku ngoma y'ugutwi. Kubera ko umurwayi afise [inkoko y'ugutwi idasenyutse, twayibujije n'amavuta y'amabuye y'agaciro / amateka y'inkoko y'ugutwi yatobotse, ntitwakeneye gutera amazi y'inyongera mu ngoma y'ugutwi], kandi twakeneye gutera amazi y'inyongera."

  • Ku bihimba/imbuto canke urudodo rukomeye mu gutwi canke mu zuru:

    *"Umwana wanje w'imyaka [Imyaka] afise [igitoke cyumye / urudodo rw'amazi / urudodo rw'ipulasitike] ruri mu [muyoboro w'ugutwi kw'ibubamfu/iburyo / mu zuru]. NTITWAGIKOMEYE n'ibipimo kandi NTITWARISOMEYE igitoke n'amazi. Turakeneye gukura igitoke mu mazuru dukoresheje igikoresho co gukuraho amazuru canke igikoresho co gukuraho amazuru."

Fata inyigisho

Gufata inyigisho yemewe y’ubuvuzi bwa mbere bw’abana n’abakuze iva ku Musaraba Mutukura, St John Ambulance, canke umuhinga mu vy’ubuvuzi bw’ivyihutirwa bwo mu karere, bigutegurira guhangana n’ugupfa kw’abana, ukuzibira inzira y’impwemu, n’ivyihutirwa vyo mu rugo vy’abana mu buryo butuje.

Ibibazo bikunda kubazwa

Ni kuki gusuka amavuta y’imiti canke amavuta ya elayo mu gutwi bihagarika udukoko tuzima vyihuta kuruta amazi, kandi ni ryari UTAGOMBA gukoresha amavuta?

Udukoko duhumeka biciye mu utunogo dutoduto turi ku mubiri wavyo twitwa spiracles dufise ubwoya bushobora kwirukana amazi, ivyo bikaba bituma inzoka n’ibikoko bishobora kubaho munsi y’amazi iminota myinshi mu gihe bitera ku ntugu yawe. Amavuta y’amabuye y’agaciro, amavuta y’abana canke amavuta ya elayo, aca apfuka ubwo nyene kandi akazibira izo nzira z’uguhema zidakunda amazi, agatuma ako gakoko gapfuka impwemu kandi kakabura ubumuga mu minota 1 canke 2; ariko rero, ntushobora kwigera usuka amavuta canke ikintu ico ari co cose mu gutwi nimba uwo muntu afise uturongo tw’ugutwi canke umwobo uzwi (ugutoboka) mu nzitiramibu yiwe, canke iyo ico kintu atari udukoko.

Ni kubera iki ari akaga cane gukoresha amapinze yo mu nzu canke igitambaro co mu ipampa kugira ngo ugerageze gukura urudodo canke urutare mu gutwi canke mu zuru ry’umwana?

Umuyoboro w’ugutwi kw’umuntu uragabanya ukaba nk’icupa ry’amagufa (isthme) imbere gusa y’urudodo rw’ugutwi rudakomeye, kandi amapinze asanzwe asongoye ntashobora gufunguka cane imbere muri uwo mugende mutoyi kugira ngo ashike inyuma y’urudodo ruzunguruka. Iyo amapinze asongoye apfutse imbere y’urudodo canke y’igiharage, akora nk’urudodo maze agatera ico kintu gushika kure cane kikarenga urudodo rw’amagufa kikaja mu nzira y’amatwi, canke agasunika urudodo rwo mu zuru rusubira inyuma hejuru y’ururimi rw’umuyaga rukaja mu nzira y’umuyaga w’umwana.

Ni kuki UTAGOMBA KWIGEZE usuka amazi mu gutwi kurimwo ibiharage vyumye, ibitoke vy’ibitoke, ivyatsi vy’ibitoke vy’ibitoke canke ivyatsi vy’amazi?

Imboga zumye (ibitunguru, ibitunguru, imbuto z’ibigori, imbuto) n’amabuye y’amazi akozwe mu buryo bw’ubuhinga bwa none (hydrogel) ni hygroscopic, bisobanura ko zifata amazi ningoga maze zigakura zigashika incuro nyinshi ku bunini bwazo bwumye. Kubera ko ibice bibiri vya gatatu vy’imbere vy’umuyoboro w’ugutwi bipfutse n’igufa rikomeye ry’igihanga ridashobora kurambura, gusukura amazi ku gitereko bituma kivyimba cane ku mpome z’amagufa mu minota mikeyi, bigatuma umuntu agira ububabare bukomeye bw’umukazo, urukoba rugaca rupfa, kandi bikaba bituma umuntu adashobora kubikuraho ata kubagwa.

Ni gute aka bateri gatoyi k'ubuto kari mu zuru ry'umwana gashobora guturira umwobo mu zuru ryiwe mw'isaha 1 gusa naho bateri yoba isa n'iyipfuye?

Mbere na bateri y'ubuto "yakoreshejwe" itagishobora gutanga umuyagankuba ku gikinisho iracari n'umuriro uhagije (urenga 1,2 volts) kugira ngo utware umuyagankuba igihe umunyu w'amazuru utose uhuza ivyuma vyayo vyiza n'ibibi. Uwo muyagankuba ucapura utugingo ngengabuzima tw’amazi turi ku nzira y’inyuma y’iyo bateri tukagira umuti witwa sodium hydroxide (caustic lye), uwo muyagankuba ukaba ushobora gusenya amagufa y’amazuru mu minota 60 gushika ku 120; ntukigere utera umunyu mu zuru, kandi ugende mu cumba c’abagwayi vyihutirwa ubwo nyene.

Amasoko yasuzumwe

  • Ishure ry’Abanyamerika ry’Ubuhinga bw’Amatwi-Ukubaga Umutwe n’Izosi (AAO-HNS, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika): Ivyiyumviro vy’Abaganga n’Impanuro z’Umutekano w’Umurwayi ku bijanye n’Ibintu vy’Amahanga biri mu Gutwi n’Izuru, Guhagarika Udukoko Tuzima (Amavuta y’Iminerale / Lidocaine), n’Ivyuma vy’Ibuto E / Paired.
  • Ikigo c’igihugu kijejwe ubumara (Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika) n’ishirahamwe ry’i Buraya ryitaho ivy’ubuvuzi bw’abana, ivy’amaraso n’ivy’imirire (ESPGHAN): Ingingo ngenderwako zo gutoranya no gucungera amabateri y’ubuto n’ubumara bwo mu mazuru/amatwi (ukubuza amatotsi y’umunyu/amazi mu mabati y’amazuru canke \(\medi\)2 gukuraho n’ivyo mu mubiri).
  • Ikinyamakuru c'Ishirahamwe ry'Abaganga ryo muri Kanada (CMAJ): Ubuhinga bwo "Gusoma kw'Umuvyeyi" (Ugusoma kw'Umuvyeyi) ku Bana: Ubushobozi n'Umutekano Meta-Analysis (Cook n'abandi; ibintu vyabaye).
  • Ikigo c’igihugu c’ubuzima (NHS, Ubwongereza) n’Ishure ry’Ubwami ry’Ubuvuzi bw’Ivyihutirwa (RCEM, Ubwongereza): Ingingo ngenderwako z’ubuvuzi ku bijanye n’ugutwi kw’abana n’umubiri w’amahanga wo mu zuru (ugutera umunuko w’amazuru ku ruhande rumwe nk’ikimenyetso c’umubiri w’amazuru w’amazuru w’amazuru).
  • Uburyo bwa Roberts na Hedges mu buvuzi bw’ibihe vyihutirwa: Ubuhinga bwo gukuraho umubiri w’amahanga wo mu matwi no mu mazuru (Urusenga rwo mu mfuruka y’iburyo, ugunyota kwa Schuchman, ugukuraho Katz, Cyanoacrylate, n’ugutuma inzoka zidakora).

Inyobora zifitaniye isano