Intsinga Imanitse Hasi Canke Imanutse Ijabutse Inzira Yawe Canke Ibarabara: Kubera iki Televiziyo canke Umurongo wa Telefone ‘Utagira Akaga’ Ushobora Gukoreshwa n’Inguvu ku Mavolte 7.200¶

Gusohoka uja mu nzira yawe y’imodoka inyuma y’inkuba, igihuhusi c’urubura, igihuhusi c’umuyaga, canke guca mu nzira y’ikamyo y’imyanda kugira ngo ubone umugozi w’umwirabura munini ugenda ugenda ugenda ku metero 1 (amafuti 3) uvuye ku nzira y’amabuye y’agaciro ujabuka igipfukisho cawe - canke uryamye mu gacerere mu vyatsi bitose ata n’imwe y’umuyaga, hum, canke s wisp of s gukora ikosa ry'agahomerabunwa: "Amatara yo mu nzu yanje na Wi-Fi biracariho, kandi iyi nsinga ifise igipfukisho c'umupira w'umukara (canke kija mu gasandugu ka Comcast/Spectrum/AT&T ku ruhande rw'inzu yanje), rero ni gusa ataco bimaze, televiziyo y'imirongo ya SUV canke umurongo wa telefone. snip it of the the way kugira ngo nshobore gutwara imodoka nja ku kazi." Mu vy'ubuhinga bw'amashanyarazi n'itohoza ry'urupfu rya OSHA, ico ciyumviro nyaco ni co kintu #1 gituma abantu bafatwa n'amashanyarazi mu nzu.

Hari impamvu zitatu zica zituma ata jisho ry’umuntu - mbere n’umuhinga mu vy’umurongo w’imyaka 30 ahagaze ku nzira ata gikoresho co kumenya aho umuntu ari hafi ("tick tracer") n’inkoni y’umuriro - ushobora kumenya mu kuraba nimba umugozi umanitse hasi ujabutse inzira y’imodoka yawe uzokwica iyo ukoranye: 1. Inguvu z'umusaraba z'ibanze ziri kure ("Joint-Use Pole Contact") Amabarabara Atatu Kure: Inkingi z’amazi zitwara Imirongo y’amashanyarazi y’amavolte 7.200 gushika kuri 34.500 hejuru cane, Imirongo y’amashanyarazi y’amavolte 120/240 hagati, na Ivy’Itumatumanako (Cable TV Coax, Telephone Copper, and Fiber-Optic) intsinga ziboshe ku cuma kiremereye kitagira ikintu Umurongo w'intumwa (support wire) 1,2 metero (amafuti 4) munsi y’imirongo y’amashanyarazi. Iyo igice c’igiti kiguye canke imodoka igatera igiti amabarabara ane mu nzira utari aho ubona, umurongo w’amashanyarazi w’amavolte 7.200 uragwa ku nzira y’intumwa y’ivyuma canke ku nkweto y’ivyuma. Iyo **7.200 volts igenda mu gacerere ibilometero vyinshi imanuka ku murongo w'icuma wo gufasha Cable TV yawe canke umurongo w'intsinga "utagira akamaro" gushika mu nzira yawe y'imodoka itatsitaje umugozi w'ibarabara. 2. Igipfukisho c'ikirere NTIKIKIRIZA amashanyarazi: Ijaketi y'ipulasitike yirabura (polyethylene weather-covering) ku mutwe intsinga z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa mu bikorwa bitatu na intsinga z'igiti (spacer cable) ni injeniyeri gusa yo gukingira umugozi w’aluminium umuco w’izuba n’imvura - NTIWO GUKIZA ukuboko kw’umuntu gukubitwa n’umuyagankuba, kandi izuba rya UV riwusaduka nk’igishishwa c’igiti cyumye ku buryo amashanyarazi agenda agororoka biciye mu maganzu canke mu nkoni y’ibiti itose. 3. Imirongo y’amashanyarazi yamanutse hafi ntiyigera itera umuco canke ngo ibe nk’uruzitiro ku nzira canke ku vyatsi: Amasinema yerekana imirongo y’amashanyarazi yamanutse ikubita hirya no hino nk’ikiyoka c’umuriro. Mu buzima nyakuri, asphalte yumye, beton, n’umukungugu birafise ubushobozi bwinshi bwo guhangana n’umuyagankuba: umurongo w’intango w’amavolte 13.800 canke umurongo w’amavolte 240 uryamye hakurya y’inzira y’imodoka akenshi wicara 100% ucereje, udakora, kandi udakora n’umuriro gushika umuntu akoresheje ukuboko kwawo n’ugukorako. inzira y’ubushobozi buke ija hasi.

(Ku bijanye n’uburyo bwo guhunga umurongo w’amashanyarazi wamanutse mu modoka be n’uguhunga kw’intambwe z’urukwavu, raba Imirongo y'amashanyarazi yacitse n'umuyagankuba w'imodoka. Ku bijanye n’intsinga ziruhukiye ku gisenge c’inzu canke ku ruzitiro rw’uruzitiro, raba Umurongo w'amashanyarazi waguye ku ruzitiro rw'inzu canke rw'urugo na Amatara y'ivyuma, ibipfukisho vy'imyobo y'abagenda ku maguru, n'ibikubita imbwa zigenda, kandi tuzigame ivyacu vy’isi yose . inomero z'ivyihutirwa ububiko bushobora gushikwako.)

Ivyo ubikore ubu¶

1. Guma nibura metero 10 (amafuti 35) kure y'urutsinga rwo hejuru rwamanutse canke rumanitse hasi - kandi ugumize abana, ibikoko vyo mu nzu ku migozi, n'ababanyi ubwo nyene.
2. Guvura 100% vy'amawaya yo hejuru (thick, thin, braided, flat, black-coated, or bare metal) nk’uko ikoreshwa n’inguvu ku 7.200+ volts gushika umukozi w’umurongo w’amazi agerageje kandi akawushira ku butaka.
3. Nimba iyo nsinga iriko irakora ku uruzitiro rw’ivyuma, uruzitiro rw’ivyuma, umugende w’amazi w’aluminiyumu, umugende w’amazi umanuka, ishami ry’igiti ry’amazi, canke ikidengeri, guma nibura metero 10 (amafuti 35) kure y’uburebure bwose bw’urwo ruzitiro canke ikidengeri (a metal chain-link fence conducts lethal voltage for 300+ meters / 1,000+ feet down the block).
4. NTUKIGEZE ukora, usunika, uterura, canke ushigikira umugozi umanitse hasi ukoresheje umukubuzo w’ibiti, umuyoboro wa PVC, umukubuzo, ishami ry’igiti, canke amaganzu y’imipira.
5. Ku 7.200 gushika kuri 13.800 volts, umuyagankuba w’inguvu nyinshi ugenda ata ngorane ukoresheje ubukonje bukeyi, inkungugu yo hejuru, umutobe w’ibiti canke varnish iri ku gikoresho co gufatako umukubuzo w’ibiti canke umuyoboro wa PVC, ukayangana ugororotse mu biganza vyawe no mu gikiriza cawe mu milisegonda imwe. Hot-Stick y’umurongozi w’ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama yageragejwe n’amashanyarazi y’amakilo 100 ku kirenge** yonyene ihanaguwe n’ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama ni yo yonyene ishobora gukora ku murongo wo hejuru ata nkomanzi.
6. NTUKIGEZE utwara imodoka yawe canke ikamyo yawe hejuru y'umurongo wamanutse uri ku nzira canke hakurya y'inzira yawe (and NEVER try to drive under a sagging wire that might snag your roof rack or antenna).
7. Kubera iki gutwara imodoka hejuru y'umugozi wamanutse ari urupfu:
   • Ikibazo A (Mechanical Entanglement): Iyo ipine yawe y’imbere izunguruka hejuru y’umugozi w’icuma canke umugozi w’imirongo itatu, umugozi w’ipikipiki uzunguruka canke umugozi w’amafirime kenshi ufata maze ukazingira uwo mugozi ku nzira yawe canke ku nzira y’inyuma. Uko imodoka yawe igenda itera imbere metero 2, urakwegakwega n’ubukazi igiti c’amazi canke umutwe w’ikirere wo mu nzu ukawumanukana ku gisenge c’imodoka yawe, ukagufata mu modoka ifise inguvu.
   • Ikibazo B (High-Voltage Tire Blowout & Fire): Naho amapine y’imipira arimwo umuyagankuba w’umukara kandi ashobora gutwara umuriro mwinshi, gutera umuriro mwinshi cane hejuru y’umurongo wa 7.200V bituma haba umuyagankuba mwinshi cane uca mu mubiri w’amapine y’umukanda w’icuma, **bigaturika amapine n’umuriro.
8. Hamagara 911 (canke 112 / 999) n’umurongo w’amashanyarazi w’ishirahamwe ryawe ry’amashanyarazi 24/7 (naho woba uzi neza 99% ko ari televiziyo y’amashanyarazi, telefone, canke umurongo w’amashanyarazi).
9. Igituma Utegerezwa Guhamagara Ishirahamwe ry'Amashanyarazi Ubwambere, Atari Comcast / Spectrum / AT&T / Verizon: Niwahamagara ishirahamwe ry'amateleviziyo canke ry'internet kugira ngo umenyeshe ko umuyagankuba uri hasi mu nzira yawe, mudasobwa yabo ifasha abakiriya irategekanya imodoka y'umuyagankuba isanzwe ku musi wa kane uza hagati ya 1:00 PM n'isaha imwe n'imwe z'ijoro." umuhinga arashika, amabwirizwa ya OSHA (29 CFR § 1910.268) kubuza cane umuhinga mu vy’imirongo/telefone gukora ku murongo w’amatotsi umanutse iyo hari amahirwe yo gukorana n’amashanyarazi gushika Ishirahamwe ry’amashanyarazi rikuyeho igiti.
10. Mu guhamagara 911 n'Ishirahamwe ryawe ry'Amashanyarazi 24/7 Emergency Dispatch no kumenyesha "Umugozi wo hejuru uhagaze / Umanitse hasi Uzibira Inzira/Ibarabara ku [Address] (Pole #[Number])", ishirahamwe ry'amashanyarazi rirungika ivyihutirwa Umunyamibabaro (First-Responder Lineman) n’ikamyo y’indobo y’amashanyarazi menshi kugira ngo bagerageze umurongo w’amashanyarazi maze bawuce canke bawukingire neza mu masaha makeyi.
11. Shira ibimenyetso vy’imiduga bifise ibara ry’umuhondo, ibikoresho vyo gutereramwo imyanda, canke imodoka ihagaze (nibura metero 10 / amafuti 35 inyuma ifise amatara y’akaga) kugira ngo ugabishe imodoka zitwara ibintu, abagendera ku makinga, n’abagendera ku mapikipiki imbere y’uko umwijima uba.
12. Intsinga yirabura igenda iratemba imanitse metero 1,2 gushika kuri 2,5 (amafuti 4 gushika kuri 8) ijabuka ibarabara canke inzira y’imodoka ni 100% itaboneka mu gicugu canke mw’ijoro. Igihe cose c’igihuhusi, abagendera ku makinga, abagendera ku mapikipiki, abagenda n’amaguru, n’ibinyabiziga bitwara ibintu vya Amazon/UPS barashikirwa n’ingorane zikomeye gucirwa umutwe n’umugozi w’impuzu canke gukubitwa n’izosi - canke bagakura hasi ibiti vy’amashanyarazi bifise ubuzima - mu gutwara canke gutwara imodoka mu mugozi w’umwirabura udafise ikimenyetso mw’ijoro. Hagarara ahantu hatagira umutekano ku metero 15 (amafuti 50) ufise itara kugira ngo uzunguze imodoka ziza zihagarare gushika abapolisi canke umuriro bavuye mu nzira.

Igiti c’ingingo: Kumenya no kwishura ku nzira y’umuduga canke ibarabara ryawe¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Intsinga yamanutse canke imanitse hasi mu nzira y'imodoka, mu rugo canke mu nzira"] --> KeepBack["Intambwe ya 1: HAGURA 10+ Metero (35+ Amaguru) Inyuma; Ntukigere ukora n'ibiganza, amaganzu, umukubuzo, canke umuyoboro wa PVC"]

    KeepBack --> DriveCheck{"Mbega Iyo Wire Irazibira Imodoka Yawe Imbere Mu Garage/Inzira y’Imodoka?"}

    DriveCheck -->|"EGO: Umugozi ujabutse inzira y'imodoka"| DoNotDrive["Intambwe ya 2: NTUGENDE imodoka hejuru canke munsi y’umugozi (Umugozi w’amapine & Gukura igiti/umutwe w’ikirere hasi; 7,200V irafuha amapine)"]
    DriveCheck -->|"OYA: Mu rugo canke mu nzira"| CheckDanger{"Intambwe ya 3: Mbega iyo nsinga iratera umuriro, iranywa itabi, irakora ku modoka/uruzitiro, canke irazibira inzira ya bose?"}
    DoNotDrive --> CheckDanger

    CheckDanger -->|"EGO: Umuriro Ukora, Imodoka Ifunzwe, Uruzitiro Rufise Inguvu, canke Akaga k’Ibarabara"| Call911Now["Intambwe ya 4A: HAMAGARA 911 / 112 / 999 UBWO nyene + Hamagara umurongo w'ivyihutirwa 24/7 (Saba 'Imbere 1 Wire Down')"]

    CheckDanger -->|"OYA: Gumanika Hasi Hakurya y’Ikigo/Inzira y’Imodoka Ata Bishashi"| CallElectricFirst["Intambwe ya 4B: Hamagara Ishirahamwe ry'Amashanyarazi 24/7 Umurongo w'Ivyihutirwa MBERE (Kugira ngo Ugenzure Zero Voltage & Clear Pole) + Telecom Drop Line"]

    Call911Now --> GuardScene["Intambwe ya 5: Shira ibibindi vy’imyanda / amakoni 10+ Metres (35 ft) Inyuma kugira ngo abagendera ku makinga, abagendera ku mapikipiki, n’ibinyabiziga bitwara ibintu ntibakubite umugozi"]
    CallElectricFirst --> GuardScene

Icigwa ca 1: Uko amabati y’amazi atunganijwe kuva hejuru gushika hasi (And how 7,200 volts jumps into the "Communication Space")¶

Mu gihe utegerezwa gufata umurongo wose umanutse nk’uwufise inguvu zishobora kwica, gutahura ingene Umunyamerika wo mu Buraruko (NESC C2) canke igiti c’amashanyarazi mpuzamakungu gitunganijwe kuva hejuru gushika hasi kigufasha gutanga raporo y’ukuri ku 911 n’uwurungika amashanyarazi uri ku ntambwe nziza y’amametero 15 (amafuti 50) ukoresheje kamera ya telefone yawe:

Ivyerekanwa n'umuyagankuba vy'igiti c'amazi gikoreshwa hamwe (kuva hejuru gushika hasi)¶

Icigwa ca 2: Kubera iki amatara yo mu nzu yawe ashobora GUCA ARIHO mu gihe umugozi w’amashanyarazi uri hakurya y’inzira y’imodoka yawe¶

Inkuru ya kabiri iteye akaga cane ku bijanye n’imirongo y’amashanyarazi yamanutse ni iyi: "Nasuzumye imbere mu nzu yanje amatara yacu, frigo, na televiziyo vyose bikora neza, ivyo bikaba vyerekana ko umurongo w’amashanyarazi wamanutse mu rugo rwanje ATARI umurongo w’amashanyarazi."

Ehe impamvu zine z’ubuhinga bw’amashanyarazi zituma umurongo uri mu nzira y’imodoka yawe ushobora kuba 100% ubaho n’amashanyarazi yica mu gihe inzu yawe ikiri n’ububasha bwose: 1. KIMWE gusa muri ivyo bibiri 120V Amaguru ashushe (or the Neutral) y'ivyawe 120/240V Itonyanga rya Triplex ryavunitse: - Amashanyarazi yo mu nzu yawe aragabanuka (Triplex) igizwe n'intsinga zitatu zigoramye hamwe: Hot Leg L1 (120V), Hot Leg L2 (120V), na Bare Neutral/Messenger Wire. - Iyo ishami rigwa ripfutse Umugozi wo gushigikira Bare Neutral (ni co gituma umugozi wose uremereye w’ibice bitatu ugenda umanuka ku nzira yawe y’imodoka utavunitse L1 na L2), CANKE nimba ari umwe gusa . 120V amarira y'umugozi ushyushe urekuye ku giti co gufatanya mu gihe uwundi 120V ukuguru kuguma guhuye, igice canke vyose vy’amatara n’ibisohoka vy’amavolte 120 biri mu nzu yawe bizobandanya bikayangana, mu gihe ivyo bivunitse bizobaho 120V umugozi (capable of delivering 400+ amps before the transformer fuse blows) iriko iraruhuka ataco ihinduye ku nzira y’imodoka yawe. 2. Rindira-Igihugu ku ntambara yavunitse ("The Open-Neutral Voltage Swing"): - Iyo umugozi w’ifeza utagira aho uhengamiye w’itonde ryawe ry’inzu zitatu upfutse mu muyaga, iherezo ryavunitse ryifashe ku mutwe w’ikirere w’inzu yawe rigira inguvu zishobora kwica ku 120 Volts biciye ku muzigo wo kugaruka w’ifiriji yawe bwite n’ifuru, mu gihe imbere mu nzu yawe, ivyumba bimwebimwe bica bizimangana ku buryo . 60V n’ibindi vyumba bishika kuri . 180V (ibikoresho vyo gukingira umuyaga w’itabi n’ibikoresho). 3. Ni Igikoresho c'Umubanyi Wawe wo Hafi, Igifungurwa c'Itara ry'Ibarabara, canke Igikoresho ca Bisi ya Kabiri: - Igikoresho kimwe co guhindura umuriro kiri hejuru y’igiti gihora kigaburira amazu 4 gushika ku 8 biciye ku mapompi yo hagati canke amabisi y’inyuma. Intsinga yamanutse ijabutse mu rugo rwawe yoshobora kuba iriko iragaburira umurongo w’amatara yo mu nzira canke igaraje y’umubanyi wawe mu gihe igitonyanga cawe bwite c’ibikorwa kiguma kitakozweko. 4. Ibikomere vyo hasi vy'Impedansi Nkuru ("Hi-Z Faults") kuri 7,200V Imirongo y'intango NTIYITUNGANYA umurongo w'amashanyarazi: - Abafise inzu biyumvira yuko iyo umurongo w’amashanyarazi w’amavolte 7.200 upfutse ukagwa ku nzira y’imodoka, ku giti canke ku nsinga y’amatelefone, ukora nk’umurongo w’amashanyarazi wo mu nzu maze ugaca utera umugozi w’amashanyarazi ku kibanza c’amashanyarazi. - Ukuri kw'uruzitiro: Igikoresho co guca umuriro gitanga umuriro gikoreshwa mu gutwara 400 gushika kuri 600+ Amps (enough power to run 1,500 homes simultaneously) ata gutsitara. Iyo umugozi w’amavolte 7.200 uvunitse uguye ku nzira yumye, kuri beton, ku vyatsi canke ku ishami ry’igiti, ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ubutaka buragabanya umuriro w’amakosa ku 10 gushika kuri 50 Amps gusa. Ku mudasobwa y’ibarabara, 30 Amps z’inyongera zisa n’iz’ababanyi cumi bariko barafungura ama air conditioner canke ama chargeurs ya EV - rero umuvuduko w’ibarabara NTIWIGEZE ugenda, kandi icumba co kugenzura amazi gifise inkengeri yikora ZERO yerekana ko umurongo wa 7.200V uri hasi gushika uhamagaye119.

Icigwa ca 3: Bimeze gute iyo umugozi umanitse hasi ufashwe n’icamion y’imyanda, n’ikamyo iriko iragenda canke igiti c’igiti maze ukaba uriko urakwegera inzu yawe (The "Weatherhead Tear-Off" Hazard)?¶

Kenshi inyuma y’umuyaga canke igihe ikamyo ndende itwara ibintu (U-Haul, Amazon, FedEx, or Municipal Garbage Truck) atwara imodoka mu nzira y’amazu, imfuruka yo hejuru y’agasanduku k’ico kinyabiziga ifata Itonyanga ry’amashanyarazi ry’ibibanza bitatu canke Itonyanga ry’amashanyarazi ry’ibara ry’agahama rimanitse hasi rijabuka ibarabara rikaja i muhira iwawe.

Ugutoragura imibumbe n'amashanyarazi iyo umugozi ukwezwe cane ku nzu yawe¶

1. Suzuma Igisenge Cawe Uvuye Hasi (10+ Meters / 35 Feet Away) kugira ngo ubone nimba igiti c'umuyagankuba canke igiti co ku ruhande cari carakwezwe:
2. Iyo Telecom Igabanutse (Cable/Fiber) Was Pulled: Amatonyanga y’amatelefone akozwe n’urusenga rw’ipulasitike/icuma rushobora gucapura P-hook (house hook) ushire mu gipande cawe co mu fascia canke mu siding hafi y’imfuruka y’inzu. Kenshi, iyo P-hook iratabura mu giti c’inyuma ata co yonona umuyagankuba wawe.
3. Iyo Serivisi y'Amashanyarazi Igabanutse (Triplex) Yari Yakwezwe (DANGER): Ivyo bikoresho vy’umuyagankuba bitera amananga ku muyoboro w’icuma uremereye w’amamilimetero 50 (2-inch) (the Service Mast / Riser)** canke clevis y’ibara ry’agahama ipfutse hejuru y’Ikirahuri co hanze/Igikoresho co Gupima Umuyagankuba cawe. Igihe ikamyo canke igiti caguye gitera umurongo w’amashanyarazi w’amagorofa atatu:
   • Ipfuka igiti c’icuma co gukoresha mu mfuruka ya degre 45 (tearing open your roof shingles and flashing);
   • Ica Isandugu y’Ibara ry’Umuyagankuba ry’Aluminium ryo hanze hagati y’itafari canke y’ivyuma; na
   • AKAGA K’UMURIRO KWISHISHWE MU RUhome: Gukwega igipimo co hanze kija hasi bitera umuriro uremereye 2/0 aluminium canke umuringa Injira y'Ibikorwa (SE) Intsinga igenda imbere mu ruhome rwawe ikaja hejuru y’igipande cawe co gucapura umuriro wo mu nzu**, ikwegeranya Igipande c’umuyagankuba w’amashanyarazi c’amashanyarazi 200-Amp kitagira insulation ku mpeta y’icuma ityaye y’agasanduku kawe k’ugucapura umuriro (which sits BEFORE your main breaker and cannot trip).
4. Nimba Isandugu Yawe Yo Hanze y’Igipimo c’Umuyagankuba, Umuyoboro w’Imiyoboro, Canke Umutwe w’Ikirere Bipfutse, Bikuwe Kure y’Uruhome, Canke Bivuga:
5. NTUKORE ku gasandugu k’inyuma k’imetero, ku ruhande rw’ivyuma, canke ku bikoresho vy’ivyuma (the entire metal skin of the meter box and aluminum siding can be energized at 120/240V).
6. NTUKORE ku muryango wawe w’ivyuma wo mu nzu iyo wumvise ijwi ry’umuriro, ry’ugusaduka, canke wumva umunuko w’umuriro wa bakelite/plastic hafi y’ico gipfukisho.
7. Uve mu nzu ubwo nyene maze uhamagare 911 n'Ishirahamwe ryawe ry'Amashanyarazi kugira ngo umenyeshe "Igikoresho co Gukuraho Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho c'Igikoresho. [Address]." Umukozi wo mu murongo w'amazi azoca intsinga zitatu ziri hejuru ku giti (de-energizing the mast), hanyuma umuhinga mu vy’amashanyarazi afise uruhusha ashobora gusubira gufatanya igiti n’agasanduku k’ibarabara imbere y’uko iyo sosiyete isubira gufatanya amashanyarazi.

Inomero z'ivyihutirwa zo mu karere n'amategeko y'ibigo¶

Ibibazo bikunda kubazwa¶

Bite ho iyo umugozi wamanutse ugwa ku modoka yanje igihe ndi nicaye imbere muri yo mu nzira y’umuduga wanje?¶

Iyo umugozi wo hejuru uguye ku modoka yawe uri imbere, **GUMA MU MODOKA**. Igihe cose uzoba ugumye wicaye imbere mu nzu y’indege utakoze ku bipande vy’umuryango w’ivyuma, umubiri w’imodoka yawe ukora nk’agahomerabunwa **Faraday cage** (naho iyo nsinga yoba ifise inguvu ku 7.200 volts). Vuza ijwi ryawe, ushire hasi idirisha gatoyi kugira ngo uvugirize induru abari aho ngo **bagume nibura metero 10 (amafuti 35) inyuma**, hanyuma uhamagare **911** kuri telefone yawe kugira ubwire uwugurungika ko ufunzwe mu modoka iri munsi y’umurongo wamanutse kugira ngo ishirahamwe ry’amashanyarazi rizime umurongo. **NTUZOKWIGEZE usohoka mu modoka ikirenge kimwe kiri hasi mu gihe ukuboko kwawe canke ikindi kirenge kiriko kirakora ku modoka** (`doing so bridges the 7,200-volt vehicle body directly to the earth through your heart`). Impamvu YONYINE yo kwigera usohoka mu modoka imbere y’uko umuyagankuba uhagarika umurongo ni iyo **imodoka ifashe umuriro**: iyo ubonye umwotsi canke imbeya, fungura urugi utakoze ku gipande c’icuma, ujabuke amaboko yawe hejuru y’igikiriza cawe, **simbuka neza neza kugira ngo ibirenge vyose bikubite hasi mu gihe c’i exame (`never touching the car and ground simultaneously`)**, na **shuffle canke bunny-hop ibirenge vyose bifatanye cane** nibura **metero 10 gushika kuri 15 (amafuti 35 gushika kuri 50)** (`see` [Imirongo y'amashanyarazi yacitse n'umuyagankuba w'imodoka](../accidents/downed-power-lines-and-vehicle-electrocution.md)).

Nomenya gute itandukaniro riri hagati y’inzu yanje iri ku metero 15 (amafuti 50) 120/240V Igikoresho c'amashanyarazi (Triplex) n’umurongo wanje wa Cable TV / Fibre?¶

Naho utegerezwa **kutigera ukora kuri iyo nsinga** (kubera ko umurongo wa Cable TV/Fibre ushobora gukoreshwa n’inguvu zijanye n’inguvu 7.200V uvuye mu nzira), urashobora guha uwurungika 911 insobanuro y’ukuri mu kuraba **ibimenyetso bibiri bigaragara bivuye ku metero 15 (amafuti 50) inyuma**: 1. **Raba Aho Umugozi Ufatanya N'Inzu Yawe:** **Itombo ry'Igikoresho c'Amashanyarazi (`120/240V`)** ifatanya hejuru cane ku **umurongo w'igisenge / amabarabara** mu gipfukisho c'umuyoboro w'icuma gigoramye (`the "Weatherhead"`) igenda igororotse imanuka ku ruhome rw’inyuma ikaja mu **Ibirahuri vyawe vy’uruzitiro/Isandugu y’Ibarabara ry’Umuyagankuba**. Mu buryo butandukanye n’ubwo, **Televiziyo y’imirongo (`Coax`).`NID`) ku burebure bw’amafyinga**, ata n’imwe ihuriye n’igipimo c’umuyagankuba. 2. **Raba Igishushanyo c'Imirongo Ubwayo:** Igitonyanga c'Igikorwa c'Umuyagankuba (`Triplex`)** igizwe n’**intsinga zitatu zitandukanye zigoramye hamwe nk’umugozi w’uruzitiro** (intsinga zibiri zikingiwe n’ibara ryirabura zikikuje intsinga imwe y’ifeza y’aluminium/icuma itagira ikintu, irabagirana). **Televiziyo y'imirongo, Telefone, canke Fibre drop** ni **umurongo umwe w'umwirabura uryoshe** (`round or flat like a ribbon`).

Ni kuki uwo mukozi w’ivy’amazi canke uwo muzimyamuriro yashize amakoni y’umukara akikuje iyo nsinga yamanutse mu rugo rwanje, hanyuma akagenda atayitoraguye?¶

Mu gihe c’igihuhusi gikomeye canke igihuhusi c’urubura iyo amawaya 300+ ari hasi mu gisagara cose, amashirahamwe y’amashanyarazi akoresha uburyo bwo gutoranya ivyihutirwa bufise inzego zibiri: - **Iciciro ca 1 ("Gukora-Umutekano / Gukata-no-Gukuraho" Crew):** Ubwa mbere, umuntu umwe **"Umunyavyaha" canke "Umucungezi w'umurongo / Guca-Gukuraho" ashika mu kamyo gatoyi k'indobo. Bagerageza umurongo wamanutse bakoresheje ikintu kimenya umuriro mwinshi: **(a)** nimba ari umurongo w’amashanyarazi w’intango canke w’inyuma ufise inguvu, bafungura aho ivyuma vy’amashanyarazi bica (`"popping the cutout barrel"`) canke uce umugozi ku giti kugira ngo igice kiryamye ku vyatsi vyawe kibe **100% gipfuye n’umuyagankuba (`isolated`)**, ushireko umugozi ku mpera y’umuhondo, hanyuma ushireko amakoni y’umuhondo canke umugozi w’umuhondo wo kwirinda; canke **(b)** nimba ari telecom yapfuye (`Comcast/AT&T`) umugozi, bakawuzingira ku musozo w’igiti maze bandika itike y’isosiyete y’amatelefone. - **Iciciro ca 2 (Abakozi bo gusubira kwubaka umurongo):** Haciye amasaha canke imisi, abakozi b’umurongo b’abantu 4 barashika kugira ngo baruhuke kandi bashire umugozi hejuru ku giti. Naho umurongo woba ufise umugozi w’umuhondo wo kwirinda, **ntiwigere winyiganza canke ngo ukore ku murongo wamanutse hasi wewe nyene**, kuko ugusubira inyuma kutabereye kuva ku gikoresho c’umubanyi gishobora gusubira gutera inguvu umurongo wamanutse uvuye ku ruhande rw’inzu.

Mbega vy'ukuri umuyagankuba w'umubanyi woshobora gusubira gutanga inguvu ku murongo w'amashanyarazi "wapfuye" wamanutse ku nzira yacu ku 7.200 volts?¶

Ego - ivyo vyitwa **Transformer Backfeed**, kandi ni kimwe mu bitera ingorane nyinshi ku baturage no ku bakozi b’imirongo y’amazi mu gihe c’uguzima kw’ibihuhusi. Igihe nyen’inzu akoresheje mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko umuyagankuba w’amavolte 240 mu gitereko ciwe c’ivyo yumisha (`using a "suicide cord"`) canke bashire amawaya y’umuyagankuba mu gipande cabo c’umuriro **batazimye umuyagankuba wabo w’ama-Amp 200 (`or without a code-compliant Mechanical Interlock / Transfer Switch`)**, **240 volts za generateur zisubira inyuma zisohoka mu nzu ziduga zija mu gitereko c’ibarabara kiri hejuru y’igiti**. Kubera ko transformateur ikora mu nzira zompi, transformateur iri hejuru y’igiti **itera intambwe iyo 240 volts UP ikaja muri 7.200 gushika kuri 13.800 volts** maze ikayigaburira igororotse mu nsinga yamanutse iryamye mu nzira.

Ni uburebure bungana iki butegekanijwe n’amategeko imirongo y’amashanyarazi n’imirongo ya televiziyo bitegerezwa kumanika hejuru y’inzira y’imodoka yanje n’ibarabara?¶

Mu **Itegeko ry'Igihugu ryerekeye Umutekano w'Amashanyarazi (`NESC Table 232-1`)** muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (n’amategeko asa n’ayo **CSA C22.3** muri Canada), intsinga zo hejuru zitegerezwa kuguma zifise uburebure bukeyi buhagaze hejuru y’ubutaka mbere no ku musi w’icuma ushushe cane (igihe intsinga zigenda ziragwira kandi zigatemba): - **Hejuru y'Ibarabara rya bose, Ibarabara, canke Ibarabara (Bishingiye ku nzira y'ibikamyo):** Nibura **`4.7 meters (15.5 feet)`** ku nsinga z'itumanaho zikingira/zitatu, na **`5.6 meters (18.5 feet)`** ku mirongo y’amashanyarazi y’intango ataco ifise. - **Hejuru y'inzira y'uburaro:** Nibura **`3.5 meters (11.5 feet)`** ku bijanye n’uguhanahana amakuru/gutanga amakuru (canke `4.7 meters / 15.5 feet` iyo amakamyo/RV akoresha inzira y’imodoka). - **Hejuru y'Ikigo canke Inzira y'Abagenda n'amaguru gusa (Nta modoka):** Nibura **`2.9 to 3.7 meters (9.5 to 12.0 feet)`**. Nimba hari umugozi ujabuka inzira y’imodoka canke ibarabara ryawe ugenda ugenda hasi y’ubwo burebure, hamagara abajejwe amazi canke abajejwe komine . `311` umugenzuzi kugira ngo iyo span isubire gukomezwa ku buntu imbere y’uko ikamyo itwara ibifungurwa iyitabura.

Inyobora zifitaniye isano¶

• Imirongo y'amashanyarazi yacitse n'umuyagankuba w'imodoka
• Umurongo w'amashanyarazi waguye ku ruzitiro rw'inzu canke rw'urugo
• Amatara y'ivyuma, ibipfukisho vy'imyobo y'abagenda ku maguru, n'ibikubita imbwa zigenda
• Igisandugu c'ibara ry'icatsi kibisi gituritse, umuriro w'amavuta, n'akaga k'akazu k'ibara ry'agahama
• Ubutabazi bwa mbere buterwa n'umuyagankuba
• Inomero z'ivyihutirwa n'ugurungika mpuzamakungu

Amasoko n'ubuyobozi buzwi¶

• Ikigo c'abahinga mu vy'amashanyarazi n'ivy'ubuhinga bwa none (IEEE): Itegeko ry'igihugu ryerekeye umutekano w'amashanyarazi (NESC / ANSI C2) - Igice ca 23 (Ivyuma vy'amashanyarazi biva hejuru, Imbonerahamwe 232-1 Ivyicaro vy'amashanyarazi bihagaze hejuru y'amabarabara n'inzira z'imiduga, n'Itegeko-C-5U-2. Ugutandukana).
• Ikigo kijejwe umutekano n’ubuzima ku kazi (OSHA, Igisata c’abakozi ca Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika): 29 CFR § 1910.268 (Ivy’itumanaho - Uburinzi ku nguvu z’amahanga n’ugukorana n’imirongo y’amashanyarazi) na 29 CFR0E, Transmission (Generic.§291). Ugukwiragiza).
• Ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu ryitaho umutekano w'amashanyarazi (ESFI) & Ishirahamwe ry'amashanyarazi rya Edison (EEI): Umutekano w'umurongo w'amashanyarazi uhagaze, amakosa yo hasi afise ubushobozi bwinshi, n'ukwirinda gusubira inyuma kw'amashanyarazi ashobora gutwara amashanyarazi.
• Ishirahamwe ry’Ubuzima n’Umutekano (HSE, Ubwongereza) & Ishirahamwe ry’Imirongo y’Inguvu (ENA): Amategeko agenga umutekano w’amashanyarazi, uburyo n’ugukomeza 2002 (ESQCR) na GS6 Kwirinda akaga gaterwa n’imirongo y’amashanyarazi yo hejuru.
• Ishirahamwe ry’Ivyagezwe ryo muri Canada (CSA Group): CSA C22.3 No. 1: Ivyuma vyo hejuru (Ivyagezwe vyo gukuraho amabarabara y’amazi n’ivy’ugushira hasi).