Kubwira Umushoferi Mukuru Adatekanye Inyuma y'Aho Hafi Yabuze Canke Agira Urujijo¶

Kumenya ko hariho ibinogo bitasobanutse ku bipfukisho vy’imodoka y’umuvyeyi, kwumva ko bazimiye bariko baratwara imodoka bava mw’iduka ry’ibifungurwa bamaze imyaka 30 bagendeye, canke bariko baragendera ku ntebe y’umugenzi mu gihe bariko baragendagenda mu nzira z’amabarabara manini maze bagatera urujijo amafirime n’amaguru y’umuvuduko ni ikintu gica gica mu muryango. Ku bantu benshi bakuze, urufunguruzo rw’imodoka rugereranya umwidegemvyo w’umuntu ku giti ciwe, icubahiro, n’ubukuru, ni co gituma uguhura n’umuryango ataco ushizemwo (“Urakuze cane ku buryo utashobora gutwara imodoka, mpa urufunguruzo rwawe”) hafi y’igihe cose bituma umuntu yikingira cane, akagira ibanga, kandi akanka. Muri ico gihe nyene, kureka umushoferi afise ubumuga bwo kutabona neza, afise ubushobozi bwo guhagarika buhoro canke afise ubumuga bwo mu mutwe akiri muto, akaguma inyuma y’uruziga rw’imodoka y’ibilo 1.800, birashobora gutuma uwo ukunda be n’abagenda n’amaguru canke abatwara imodoka ata co bazira bagira impanuka.

Imyaka y’urutonde rw’ibihe yonyene ntiyigera ituma umuntu aba umushoferi adatekanye; ubushobozi bwo gukora, ubushobozi bwo gutahura ibintu bitandukanye, ukuntu umuntu ashobora gukora neza mw’izosi, ingaruka mbi z’imiti, be n’umuvuduko wo gufata ingingo z’abarongozi ni vyo bigena umutekano wo gutwara imodoka. Igihe red-flag near-misses canke disorientation bibaye, utegerezwa gutandukanya guhagarika ingorane (kugumiza imodoka kure y'inzira uno musi nimba ingorane ari nyinshi) n'isuzuma ry'ubuvuzi n'amategeko (guhindura uruhara rw'"umuntu mubi" ku muganga, umushoferi w'umunyagihugu, umushoferi w'umunyagihugu, umushoferi w'umunyamideri) icarimwe kwubaka uburyo bundi bwo gutwara abantu butagiramwo amahane kugira ngo guhagarika gutwara imodoka ntibibe ukwigungira ukwawe mu nzu.

Ivyo ubikore ubu¶

1. Nimba uwo mukuru amaze gutwara imodoka kandi akabura canke atazi iyo ari ubu nyene, hamagara abajejwe ivy’ubutabazi ubwo nyene. Nturindire amasaha wizigiye ko bazoronka inzira yo gutaha. Hamagara inomero y’ivyihutirwa yo mu karere kawe (911 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika no muri Kanada, 112 mu bihugu vyose vy’Ubumwe bw’Uburaya, 999 mu Bwongereza) canke usuzume . inomero z'ivyihutirwa, utanga inomero y’ibarabara ry’imodoka, ubwoko, ubwoko, ibara, n’amakuru yerekeye telefone ngendanwa canke amakuru y’ivy’imodoka ihuye (nk’iyitwa OnStar, FordPass, canke Toyota Safety Connect), hanyuma ukurikize ubuyobozi bwacu kuri . ubumuga bwo mu mutwe bugendagenda no kubura abakuze vyihutirwa.
2. Ntukigere ureka abana canke abuzukuru ngo bagende muri iyo modoka. Gushika isuzuma ry’ubuvuzi n’iry’ibarabara ryemeje ko uwo mukuru ashobora gufata neza iyo ari ku rugero rwo hejuru, gushinga itegeko ry’umuryango ridashobora gukurwaho ry’uko ata buzukuru canke abagenzi bagendana na bo, kandi ushireho uburenganzira bwo gutwara imodoka yawe bwite mu rugendo rwose rw’umuryango.
3. Gusuzuma iminota 5 y’imodoka n’igenzura ry’abagenzi. Gende mu mfuruka zine zose z’imodoka yabo ihagaze urondera ibikomere bishasha ku maguru, ivyirore vyo mu ruhande vyavunitse, irangi ry’umuryango w’igaraje ku bipfukisho, canke amatike y’umuduga yinjijwe mu gipfukisho.
4. Guhindura umuganga canke umuhinga mu vy'ugusubiza mu buryo abashoferi abe umucamanza atagira aho abogamiye. Gutegura umusi wo guhura n'umuganga wabo w'intango canke umuganga w'abageze mu zabukuru maze wohereze ikete ry'ibanga biciye ku rubuga rw'abarwayi amasaha 48 imbere y'igihe usabe umuganga gusuzuma ukuntu babona, imiti bafata, n'ingene bafata ubuvuzi. n’imiti** iyo idatekanye.
5. Kwirinda impanuka ishobora gushika uno musi mu guhagarika imodoka canke mu gusubirira imfunguruzo z’uruyeri nimba hariho ubumuga bwo mu mutwe. Nimba umuntu akuze afise ubumuga bwo mu mutwe buringaniye canke afise ubumuga bwo mu mutwe bukomeye ashimika ku gutwara imodoka ubu nyene naho yoba ari akaga, n’ushiremwo mu gacerere fizi y’umuduga iri munsi y’umuduga, active key fob n’urufunguzo rw’uruyeri rudakora rusa n’urwo mu gihe ubabwira ko imodoka iriko irasanurwa.
6. Shira ibanga ry'isuzuma ry'ubuvuzi bw'umushoferi na DMV / DVLA iyo banse guhagarara. Iyo umushoferi w'akaga yanse guhagarara kubera umuryango canke abaganga, shira urupapuro rw'ibanga rwo gusuzuma ubuvuzi bw'umushoferi adatekanye ku gisata ca leta yawe c'ibinyabiziga (DMV), ubutegetsi bw'intara ya DVLA canke inzira n’ikigeragezo c’iyerekwa.

flowchart TD
    A["Ibimenyetso vy'imburi vy'ugutwara imodoka ata mutekano w'abageze mu zabukuru: gutobora, kuzimirira, canke hafi kubura"] --> B{"Mbega uwo mukuru ubu arabuze mu modoka canke ari mu mpanuka ikomeye?"}
    B -->|"Ego: Yabuze canke yaguye"| C["Hamagara kuri 911/112/999 ubwo nyene ufise ibara ry'umuduga n'ubuhinga bwa GPS bw'imodoka"]
    B -->|"Oya: Muhira"| D{"Uburemere bw’ubumuga bwo gutwara imodoka?"}
    D -->|"Ibendera ry'umuhondo: Guteba gatoyi, umuco w'ijoro, canke izosi rikomeye"| E["Igitabo c'ubuvuzi bw'akazi CDRS isuzuma n'imiti/isubiramwo ry'iyerekwa"]
    D -->|"Ibendera Ritukura: Ukwihebura, kuzimirira mu nzira umenyereye, gutera urujijo ku maguru, canke impanuka zitavuzwe"| F["Guhagarika ubwo nyene gutwara imodoka bisabwa: ntukigere ureka abana canke umuryango ngo bagende nk'abagenzi"]
    E --> G["Gukoresha ibikoresho bishobora kwimenyereza, imipaka y'umurango gusa, canke ubuvuzi bw'amaso"]
    F --> H["Wohereze ikete imbere y'igihe ku muganga kugira ngo akureho inyandiko y'imiti yo kudatwara imodoka"]
    H --> I{"None uwo mukuru yoba yemera itegeko ry’umuganga maze agatanga imfunguruzo?"}
    I -->|"Ego"| J["Gushinga Rideshare Concierge, paratransit, n'ugushikana ibifungurwa buri ndwi ubwo nyene"]
    I -->|"Oya: Yanse canke akibagirwa kubera ubumuga bwo mu mutwe"| K["Guhagarika fizi y'intango canke ukoreshe imfunguruzo z'uruyeri KANDI dosiye DMV/DVLA Isuzuma ry'ubuvuzi"]
    K --> J

Intumbero y'ugutoranya: Amabendera y'umuhondo (ashobora guhindurwa) n'amabendera y'umutuku (hagarika gutwara imodoka ubu)¶

Si ikibazo cose co gutwara imodoka gisaba ko umuntu akuraho imfunguruzo ubuziraherezo. Rimwe na rimwe umuntu akuze arashikirwa n’ingorane kubera amaso y’umuntu akuze, umuvuduko w’amaraso urengeje urugero canke umuti wo gutuma umuntu agira allergie, canke izosi rikomeye ry’indwara y’ibihimba vy’irondoka rishobora gukosorwa hakoreshejwe kubagwa, gukuraho imiti canke ivyirore vy’impumyi bishobora kubona neza. Ku rundi ruhande, indwara zitera imbere zitera ubumuga bwo mu mutwe nk’indwara ya Alzheimer iri hagati, ubumuga bwo mu mutwe bwa Lewy, canke hemianopia homonyme inyuma y’aho . indwara y'umutima gutuma gutwara imodoka bitagira umutekano ubudasiba.

Koresha urutonde rw’ubuvuzi ruri aha hepfo (rwakuwe mu Ishirahamwe ry’Abaganga b’Abageze mu zabukuru ryo muri Amerika (AGS) no mu Ishirahamwe ry’Igihugu ry’Umutekano wo mu Nzira Nkuru (NHTSA) Igitabu c’Umuganga co Gusuzuma no Guhanura Abashoferi Bakuze) kugira ngo umenye nimba uwo ukunda akeneye guhagarara vuba canke guhagarara vuba.

Uko wokora igenzura ry'iminota 10 ry'ibanga ry'imodoka n'igaraje¶

Abashoferi bakuze batangura gutakaza ubwenge canke gutakaza amaso, ni gake cane bitanga ko baciye ku giti c’amabuye y’agaciro ku farumasi canke ko hafi gutera umugendesha ikinga. Imbere y’uko uvyura ikibazo co gutwara imodoka, nusuzume ibimenyamenya bine vy’umubiri igihe imodoka yabo ihagaze mu nzira y’imodoka canke mu garaje:

1. Igipfukisho c'Imfuruka Zine n'Igipfukisho c'Ikiziga: Niwikubite hasi maze usuzume uburemere bw'igipfukisho co hasi c'igipfukisho c'imbere, ivyuma vyose bibiri vy'inyuma, ivyuma vy'inyuma vy'umugenzi (igice c'inyuma c'ibarabara kigaragaza ko udashobora guca urubanza ku bwaguke bw'umurongo), n'inzu y'ipulasitike y'indorerwamo zompi. Rondera ibara ry’irangi ry’uguhindura (umuhondo uva ku bitandara vy’aho abantu bahagarara, umweru uva ku rugi rw’igaraje y’i muhira, canke umutuku/ubururu uva ku zindi modoka).
2. Igishushanyo c’Urugi rwa Garage n’Inzira y’Imodoka: Raba ibiti vy’ibiti biri ku mpande zompi z’aho garage ifungukira, uruhome rw’inyuma rw’igaraje, n’ibisaka vyose canke ibikingi vy’uruzitiro biri ku nzira y’imodoka kugira ngo ubone amapine mashasha canke ibimenyetso vy’impanuka.
3. Igenzura ry’Isandugu y’Ibiganza n’Igikoresho co hagati: Igihe usuzuma ikarita yabo y’ubwishingizi canke itariki y’iherezo ry’iyandikisha, nurondere amakete y’uguhagarara atarishwe, imburi z’amatara atukura yikora, ukurenga ku mategeko y’amafaranga y’urugendo, canke amakete y’ugusanura imodoka barishe mu mafaranga kugira ngo ntibabwire umuryango canke ngo batange ikirego c’ubwishingizi.
4. Iminota 20 y’Umugenzi: Saba umuvyeyi wawe akutware mu gikorwa co mu karere kawe kiri ku bilometero bitatu uvuye aho, kirimwo uguhindukira kw’ibubamfu utarinze ujabuka umuduga uza (ni co kintu kimwe gusa gitera urupfu rwinshi ku bashoferi bakuze) n’aho imirongo myinshi ihurira. Icara mu ntebe y’imbere y’umugenzi maze wihweze:
5. Boba bafatanya umukanda wabo ata co bibutsa?
6. Boba basuzuma ivyirore bagahindukiza umutwe imbere y’uko bafatanya?
7. Boba batwara imodoka ku bilometero 25 kw’isaha (15 mph) munsi y’uruja n’uruza rw’imiduga, canke boba bahagarika bukwi na bukwi ku segonda ya nyuma igihe begera itara ry’umutuku?
8. Boba bahagarara mu muvurungano hagati y’aho amabarabara ahurira canke bagaca mu nzira zibiri?
9. Boba bahagarika umutima, bagashavura canke ntibashobore kuvuga igihe bariko batwara imodoka?

Guhindura uruhara rw'umuntu mubi: Gukoresha umuganga n'abagenzura ivy'ugutwara imodoka ba CDRS¶

Iyo umwana akuze asavye imfunguruzo z’imodoka y’umuvyeyi ata guca ku ruhande, birahindura ubukuru bw’umuvyeyi n’umwana ubuzima bwose kandi kenshi bituma haba ugutandukana gukomeye mu muryango. Igihe cose bishoboka, ushire ingingo y’ubutegetsi ku muganga w’uwundi muntu atagira aho abogamiye canke ku kigo gitanga uruhusha kugira ngo ushobore kuguma ku ruhande rw’umuvyeyi wawe nk’umuvugizi agufasha.

Intambwe ya 1: Wohereze ikete ry’ibanga ry’urubuga ryubahiriza HIPAA imbere y’uko umuganga akugendera¶

Mu Itegeko ry’Ubwishingizi bw’Ubuzima (HIPAA) muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (hamwe n’amategeko agenga ibanga ry’umurwayi mu Bwongereza, Canada, na Australiya), umuganga ntashobora gutanga amakuru y’ibanga y’ubuvuzi ku muntu atemerewe, ariko hariho ZERO itegeko ribuza umunyamuryango gutanga amakuru y’umutekano ku muganga.

Imisi ibiri imbere y’uko umuvyeyi wawe agira umusi wo kwivuza, wo kuvura imitsi canke wo kuvura abageze mu zabukuru, wohereze ubutumwa ku rubuga canke wohereze fax ikete ry’urupapuro rumwe ku muganga:

"RAPORO Y'IBANGA Y'UMUTEKANO W'UMURYANGO KURI DR. [IZINA]: Imbere y'uko [Izina ry'Umuvyeyi] abonana na [Itariki], umuryango wacu urakeneye kubamenyesha ibijanye n'umutekano wo gutwara imodoka. Mu misi 60 iheze, [Izina ry'Umuvyeyi] yarazimiye incuro zibiri umugenzi ku ruhande rw'imodoka ku muryango w'igaraje, kandi yiruka itara ritukura n'umuryango mu modoka. kandi basigurire ko ari igisabwa mu buvuzi kugira ngo bashobore kwirinda no kugira ubwishingizi bwabo?"

Intambwe ya 2: Uronke urutonde rw'imiti y'umubiri "Ntugendere" y'ifiriji¶

Ubushakashatsi mu buvuzi bw'abageze mu zabukuru bwerekana ko abakuze bafise ubumuga bwo mu mutwe butoyi canke buringaniye bavyifatamwo neza cane iyo bamenyeshejwe impapuro zifatika zishizweko umukono n'umuganga wabo zisomwa ngo "Umurwayi ntabwirizwa gutwara imodoka kubera ubumuga" kuruta iyo abana babo bababwira amajambo. Kora amafotokopi atatu y’imiti yashizweko umukono: ushire imwe hafi y’urufunguzo canke frigo, uyishire muri dosiye yawe, maze uyigaragaze mu bugwaneza igihe cose bibagiwe igituma batatwara imodoka ("Ibuka, Dogiteri Miller yashizeho uburenganzira bwo gutwara imodoka gushika amaso yawe n’imitsi yawe bisubiye gusuzumwa, kandi' gupfuka").

Intambwe ya 3: Gusaba isuzuma ryigenga n’umuhinga mu bijanye no gusubiza mu buryo abashoferi (CDRS)¶

Nimba umuvyeyi wawe afise ubumuga bwo mu mutwe canke afise ubumuga bukeyi gusa, akaguma avuga ngo "Ndi umushoferi afise umutekano mwiza, urarenza urugero," numuhe amasezerano abereye kandi ataco akora: isuzuma ryigenga ry’umuganga w’akazi yemewe n’umuhinga mu vy’ugusubiza mu buryo abashoferi (CDRS) canke umuhinga mu vy’ugusubiza mu buryo abashoferi (CDRS)** canke umuhinga mu vy’ugusubiza mu buryo abashoferi (CDRS)**.

• Ivyo isuzuma rya CDRS ririmwo: Si ikibazo ca DMV cihuta c’iminota 10. CDRS ikora isuzuma ry’amasaha 2 gushika kuri 3 ry’ubuvuzi n’iry’inyuma y’uruziga ry’isuzuma ry’ubushobozi bwo kubona, ukuntu umuntu abona neza, ubushobozi bwo gutahura ibintu bitandukanye, igihe co guhagarika amaguru n’amaboko mu milisegonda, ugukora neza kw’ubumenyi bw’abarongozi (nk’ikigeragezo c’ubumenyi bw’abarongozi** n’igice ca UFOV n’igice ca B**ew ca Trail Making Test gutwara imodoka mu nzira mu modoka y’imyimenyerezo ikoresha amafirimi abiri.
• Ivyiza bitatu bishobora gushika:
• Cleared kugira ngo utware neza (guha umuryango amahoro yo mu mutima).
• Ikuweho n’ihinduka canke uburenganzira (nk’ivyirore vy’ibarabara, ibipfukisho vy’uguhinduranya, ibikoresho vy’ugutera umuvuduko w’ikirenge c’ibubamfu, canke uruhusha rubujijwe ruri ku rugero rw’ibilometero 8 / 5 ku murango rwo kure y’amabarabara manini).
• Iciyumviro c’ubuvuzi c’intumbero co guhagarika gutwara imodoka (gishikirizwa n’umuhinga atagira aho abogamiye ashobora gushikana raporo ku muganga na DMV).
• Uko woronka: Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika no muri Canada, rondera mu bubiko bwa Ishirahamwe ry'abahinga mu bijanye no gusubiza mu buryo abashoferi (ADED) kuri aded.net canke Ishirahamwe ry’Abaganga b’Akazi ryo muri Amerika (AOTA) umushoferi akuze arondera aho ari; mu Bwongereza, bwira Ugutwara imodoka (drivingmobility.org.uk); muri Australiya, rondera Ubuvuzi bw’akazi muri Australiya ku ba OT bamenyerejwe gutwara imodoka.

Uko wotanga ibanga rya DMV / DVLA / Intara y'Umushoferi Adatekanye Isuzuma ry'Ubuvuzi¶

Iyo umushoferi akuze afise ubumuga bugaragara bw’Ibendera Ritukura (nk’ugucika intege, ukubura amaso, canke guhura n’impanuka kenshi) kandi akanga ivyo umuryango wiwe usaba be n’impanuro z’umuganga wiwe zo guhagarika gutwara imodoka, urafise inshingano yo mu vy’inyifato runtu no mu vy’abanyagihugu yo gutuma Leta isubiramwo uruhusha rwo gutwara imodoka imbere y’uko umuntu yicwa.

Intara yose, intara yose, n’ikigo cose c’igihugu gitanga uruhusha gifise ubutegetsi Uburyo bwo Gusubiramwo Ubuvuzi bwagenewe canecane abagize umuryango, abaganga, n’abajejwe gukurikiza amategeko bavyitaho.

Ijambo ku rindi inyandiko z'"Ikiganiro c'Imfunguruzo z'Imodoka".¶

Nimba umuvyeyi wawe agifise ubukerebutsi (ubumuga bwo mu mutwe butoyi canke ubugoyagoye bwo ku mubiri) kandi uriko uricara kugira ngo muganire ku bijanye no guhagarika gutwara imodoka, niwitegure ingene wovyifatamwo mu gihe ufise intuntu. Ntugire ikiyago ku meza y’ifunguro ry’imisi mikuru canke ubwo nyene umaze gutongana mu modoka.

1. Ukwiyumvamwo + Ububasha bwo hanze + Inyandiko y’umuti uhita¶

*"Mama, ndazi ingene gutwara imodoka vyagize akamaro ku kwigenga kwawe ubuzima bwawe bwose, kandi iki ni kimwe mu biganiro bikomeye cane twigeze kugirana. Kubera amahinduka mu kubona kwawe n'ibikomere biherutse kuba ku modoka, Dr. mu gihe. Dogiteri Patel yaraguhagarikije gutwara imodoka guhera uno musi. Sinzoreka ngo ugumye mu nzu: twamaze gushinga konti kugira ngo umushoferi azogutora ku muryango wawe w'imbere igihe cose ushaka kuja mu nzu y'isuku, mw'ishengero, canke mu iduka ry'ibifungurwa, kandi ivyo wariko uragura ni gaze."

2. Igiharuro c’amahera n’uburenganzira (Ku bakuze bakunda amahera)¶

Abantu benshi bakuze barwanya imvo z’umutekano baca bavyishura ubwo nyene ku bijanye n’ivy’amahera. Harura igiciro nyaco c’umwaka co kuguma imodoka yabo yicaye mu nzira y’imodoka: - Ubwishingizi bw’imodoka (kenshi amadolari 1.800 gushika ku madolari 3.500 ku mwaka ku bashoferi barenga imyaka 80) + ukwandikisha + gusanasana/amapine/bateri + amavuta = amadolari 3.500 gushika ku madolari 6.000+ ku mwaka (canke amadolari 300 gushika ku madolari 500 buri kwezi). - Bagaragaze ku mpapuro: "Papa, kuguma ufise iyi modoka ufise ubwishingizi kandi yanditswe ni ugutwara amadolari 400 ku kwezi naho yoba yicaye mu garage gusa, kandi iyo umuntu akubise, ikirego kimwe coshobora gukuraho amahera yawe y’ikiruhuko c’izabukuru. Nitwagurisha iyo modoka ku madolari 12.000 maze tugakuraho amafaranga y’ubwishingizi buri kwezi canke ushobora gufata amafaranga y’ubwishingizi buri kwezi. kandi n'ubu nyene bazosohoka amadolari ibihumbi n'ibihumbi imbere."

Ico wokora iyo umukuze afise ubumuga bwo mu mutwe yibagiwe ko adashobora gutwara imodoka (Igikorwa ca nyuma co gukingira umubiri)¶

Iyo umuntu akuze afise indwara ya Alzheimer iri hagati, indwara y’imitsi, canke indwara y’imbere, agira anosognosia (ubumuga bwo mu bwonko bwo kumenya ubumuga bwiwe bwo mu mutwe) kandi ntashobora kwibuka ikiyago canke itegeko ry’umuganga kuva mu minota 20 iheze. Gusiga imodoka ikora n’imfunguruzo zikora mu nzu mu gihe wizigiye umuhango w’amajambo wo kutayitwara ni akaga gakomeye.

Koresha izi ntambwe zitera imbere, zidatera intambwe zo kwirinda umubiri:

1. Intambwe ya 1: Subiriza "Decoy Keys" ku mpeta y'urufunguzo rwabo: Ntukigere usiga umuntu afise ubumuga bwo mu mutwe afise ubwoba kubera ko impeta y'urufunguzo yiwe ibuze mu gasakoshi canke mu mufuko wiwe (ivyo bishobora gutuma umuntu agira ingorane y'uguhagarika umutima; raba ubumuga bwo kwihebura bukomeye izuba rirenze n'uguhagarika umutima cane). Gura urufunguzo rwo gusubirira rudategekanijwe kuri Internet canke ushire urufunguzo rwa kera rwo mu modoka ya kera ku rufunguzo rwabo bamenyereye mu gihe bariko barakuraho mu gacerere urufunguzo nyarwo rw’ibarabara.
2. Intambwe ya 2: Kura imodoka kure y'aho umuntu abona ("Mu iduka kugira ngo yibuke"): Kubona imodoka yabo ihagaze mu nzira y'imodoka canke mu garage buri gitondo bikora nk'ikimenyetso c'amaso gihoraho co gutwara. Hagarika imodoka ku nzu y’umwe mu bagize umuryango, ku bilometero bikeyi uvuye aho. Igihe cose babajije aho imodoka iri, ukoreshe umuti wo kuvura: "Abagurisha imodoka bategerezwa kuyigumya muri iki ciyumviro irindiriye ku gice ca nyuma kugira ngo bayibuke, ni co gituma ndiko ndagutwara uno musi."
3. Intambwe ya 3: Zimya imodoka mu masegonda 60 nimba itegerezwa kuguma muri garage: Nimba imodoka ikoreshwa n’uwo mwubakanye kuri aderesi imwe canke idashobora kwimurirwa ubwo nyene, zimye kugira ngo ntitangure naho umukuru yoronka urufunguzo rw’inyuma:
4. Kura Relay ya Starter canke Fuse y’Ipompa y’Amavuta: Fungurira igipfukisho, ushire igipfukisho c’ipulasitike ku gasandugu k’amavuta kari munsi y’igipfukisho, ukoreshe igishushanyo gicapwe imbere mu gipfukisho kugira ngo ubone aho Starter Relay canke Fuse y’Ipompa y’Amavuta iri, uyikure, maze uyishire mu mufuko wawe. Iyo umukuru ahindukiye urufunguzo canke akanda buto yo gutangura, amatara yo ku rubaho rw’imodoka azokwaka nk’uko bisanzwe, ivyo bikaba bituma biyumvira ko imodoka ifise igikoresho co gutangura gipfuye canke ko ikeneye umumekanishije aho kugucira urubanza.
5. Shiraho amadolari 15 y'Amerika y'Igikoresho co Gukuraho Ibarabara ry'Ibarabara canke Ibarabara ry'Ibarabara: Fatanya igikoresho co gucapura bateri c'umuringa gihinduka ningoga ku nzira y'ibarabara ry'ibarabara ry'ibarabara ry'ibarabara ry'ibarabara ry'ibarabara ry'ibarabara ry'ibarabara ry'ibarabara ry'ibarabara.

Kubaka uburyo bwo gutembera inyuma yo gutwara imodoka ata nkomanzi ku musi wa 1¶

Gukuraho imfunguruzo z’imodoka ata gusubiriza ubwo nyene ubushobozi bw’umuntu akuze bwo gukora, bituma umuntu agira intuntu, umubiri wiwe ugacika intege ningoga, kandi akagira n’ukwitandukanya n’abandi. Imbere canke ku musi nyawo imfunguruzo zizoruhuka, shiraho iki Igikoresho co gutwara abakuze c'inkingi zine:

• 1. Umukozi wo guhamagara kuri telefone (Nta telefone ngendanwa ikenewe): Abakuze benshi ntibashobora gukoresha utugingo ngengabuzima dutoduto twa Uber canke Lyft. Bandikishe mu bikorwa vy’ugucungera imodoka bikoreshwa kuri telefone nk’ivyo GoGoGrandparent (1-855-464-6872 muri Amerika, Kanada, na Ostraliya), Uber Central / Ivyerekeye umuryango (aho ushobora gusaba urugendo uri kure kuri telefone yawe bwite maze ugakurikirana imodoka gushika kure y’aho igenda).
• 2. Ishirahamwe ry'Igihugu ry'Igihugu ry'Igihugu ry'Igihugu ry'Igihugu ry'Igihugu ry'Igihugu ku bijanye n'Ibinyabiziga vy'Igihugu:
• Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika: Hamagara Uwujejwe kwitwararika abageze mu zabukuru kuri 1-800-677-1116 (eldercare.acl.gov) canke ubuyobozi bw’ivy’ingendo bwo mu karere kawe kugira ngo wandikishe umuvyeyi wawe muri ADA Complementary Paratransit (ibinyabiziga bishobora gushika ku nzira canke ku muryango ku muryango ku bakuze badashobora gukoresha bisi zisanzwe, akenshi amadolari 2 gushika ku madolari 4 ku rugendo) na porogarama z’abashoferi b’abakuze b’abanyamwete nka ITNCountry (itnamerica.org).
• Mu Bwongereza: Usabe inama y’igisagara ** Taxicard**, Igikoresho co gutwara abantu / Dial-a-Ride, na Blue Badge (kiguma ku muntu, kigatuma uwo mu muryango canke umugenzi wese abatwara ashobora guhagarara mu bibanza vy’abamugaye hanze nyene y’amaduka n’amavuriro).
• Muri Canada na Australiya: Iyandikishe ku bijanye n’infashanyo y’ivy’ugutwara abantu n’ibintu (Ivy’amaguru, HandyDART, Ivy’ugutwara abantu) canke My Aged Care infashanyo z’ivy’ugutwara abantu muri Australiya.
• 3. Ivy’Ugutwara abantu n’ibintu bitari ivyihutirwa (NEMT) biciye mu bwishingizi bw’amagara: Imigambi myinshi ya Medicaid, irenga 60 kw’ijana y’imigambi ya Medicare Advantage, n’Ishirahamwe ry’Ubuzima ry’Abasirikare ba kera (VA) bitanga urugendo rwo kugaruka ku buntu ku biganiro vyose vy’abaganga, ivy’amenyo, ivy’amaso, n’ivy’imiti. Hamagara inomero y’Ishirahamwe ry’Abanywanyi iri inyuma y’ikarata yabo y’ubwishingizi kugira ngo ubone amasaha 48 imbere y’igihe.
• 4. Ibifungurwa n'imiti bishikana buri ndwi hamwe n'"Ikirangamisi co gutwara ata caha": Gushinga ibifungurwa bisubirwamwo buri ndwi (Instacart, Walmart+, Amazon Fresh, canke Tesco/Sainsbury's) n'ugusaba ubutumwa canke ubutumwa bwo mu karere. Rema ikirangamisi c'indwi ku frigo yabo kigaragaza umugenzi, umubanyi, canke uwo mu muryango ariko arabatora mw'ishengero, ku kafe, canke ku vyo guhura n'imisatsi kugira ngo ntibazokwigere bumva ko bategerezwa "gusaba ngo babatware."

Ntimwibagire kuronka ikarata ya Leta ifise ifoto y'umushoferi atari umushoferi¶

Iyo umuntu akuze atanga uruhusha rwiwe rwo gutwara imodoka canke akareka ruhera, aracari akeneye Ikarata y’Indangamuntu y’Ifoto y’Umushoferi yatanzwe na Leta (nk’Ikarata y’Indangamuntu y’Ukuri y’Umushoferi ya Leta) kugira ngo yinjire mu ndege, amasheki y’amahera n’inyandiko z’ubuvuzi ku bitaro, asinye ku mpapuro z’ubuvuzi gutora. Imisi yose uherekeze uwo ukunda kuri DMV kugira ngo ahindure uruhusha rwiwe rwo gutwara imodoka rwatanzwe rube ikarata y’indangamuntu y’igihugu idahera y’abatari abashoferi ku rugendo rumwe (intara nyinshi zitanga indangamuntu z’abakuze zitari abashoferi ku buntu), canke usome uburongozi bwacu ku Icemezo c'amavuko catakaye, ikarita y'ubwishingizi, canke ikarita y'uburaro.

Ibibazo bikunda kubazwa¶

Noshobora kuregwa iyo nzi ko umuvyeyi wanje ageze mu zabukuru afise ubumuga bwo mu mutwe canke amaso abona nabi nkamureka akaguma atwara imodoka?¶

Nimba uba gusa mu nzu yawe bwite kandi umuvyeyi wawe afise imodoka yiwe bwite, akayishingira, kandi akayindika mw’izina ryiwe ryonyene, abana bakuze muri rusangi ntibagira uburenganzira bwo gusubirira amategeko iyo umuvyeyi akoze impanuka. Ariko rero, URASHOBORA gushikirwa n’ivyago vy’amahera vy’umuntu ku giti ciwe kubera ubujuju bwo kwizigira nimba izina ryawe riri ku mpapuro z’imodoka canke ku mpapuro z’ubwishingizi bw’imodoka, iyo ubagurije imodoka yawe, canke iyo ukora nk’uwubacungera canke uwubacungera kandi ukabareka uzi ko batwara imodoka ataco umuganga ategetse. Vyongeye, urubanza rumwe rumwe rw’uburenganzira butagira ubwishingizi ku muvyeyi wawe rurashobora gukuraho burundu amahera yazigamye mu buzima, uburinganire bwo mu nzu be n’itunga ryiwe, ni co gituma gufata ingingo ataco yishisha bikingira umuryango wose.

Mbega abaganga basabwa n’amategeko kumenyesha DMV umushoferi adatekanye afise ubumuga bwo mu mutwe?¶

Bivana n’intara yawe, intara yawe canke igihugu cawe. Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, intara zitandatu (California, Delaware, Nevada, New Jersey, Oregon, na Pennsylvania) zifise amategeko ategekanijwe gutanga raporo y’abaganga asaba abaganga gutanga raporo y’abarwayi bavumbuwe ko bafise ingorane zirangwa n’ukubura ubwenge canke ukubura ubwenge (nk’indwara ya Alzheimer canke DMV ku buzima bw’igicuri) ataco baciyeko. Mu bindi bihugu vyinshi vyo muri Amerika, gutanga raporo y’abaganga ni ubushake ariko birinzwe n’amategeko n’uburenganzira bwo gukingira imanza. Muri Canada, intara nyinshi zitegeka abaganga n’abaganga b’amaso gutanga raporo y’abashoferi badashoboye mu vy’ubuvuzi, kandi mu Bwongereza, umurwayi (canke uwubaserukira) asabwa n’itegeko kumenyesha DVLA iyo asuzumwe ko afise indwara yo kwihebura canke indwara y’umutima.

Noshobora gute guhagarika imodoka y’umuvyeyi wanje mu gihe c’ivyago ntaco yononekaye canke ngo banshavurire?¶

Uburyo butekanye, bushobora gusubirwamwo burundu bwo kubuza imodoka gutangura mu masegonda 60, ni ugufungura igipfukisho c’ipulasitike c’agasanduku kakuru k’amafuzi y’imoteri, ukaraba igicapo gicapwe imbere mu gipfukisho, hanyuma ugakuraho ifuzi y’ipulasitike y’inzira y’umuyagankuba yitwa Starter Relay canke Fuel Pump. Iyo umuvyeyi wawe yinjiye mu modoka agahindukiza urufunguzo canke akanda buto yo gutangura, amatara yo ku rubaho rw’imbere n’iradiyo azoguma azimvye nk’uko bisanzwe, rero bazokwiyumvira gusa ko iyo modoka ifise ikibazo co gutangura imodoka gikeneye gusanurwa aho gutahura ko hari umuntu yanyegeje imfunguruzo zabo. Bika fizi ya relay ahantu hafunze maze utunganye "igenzura ry'aba mecanicien" mu gihe uriko urazihindura zija mu bindi binyabiziga.

Mbega gushiramwo igikoresho co kumenya aho umuntu ari canke kugura imodoka nshasha ifise frein yikora, vyoba bituma umuntu afise ubumuga bwo mu mutwe butoyi aguma atwara imodoka?¶

Oya, naho ubuhinga buteye imbere bwo gufasha umushoferi (ADAS) nk’uguhagarika umushoferi mu gihe c’ivyago be n’ugutera amajwi y’impumyi bifasha abakuze bafise amagara meza, mu vy’ukuri birashobora gutera urujijo no gutera ingorane umushoferi afise ubumuga bwo mu mutwe. Ivyerekana bica ibibatsi ku rubaho rw’imodoka, ukunyiganyiga kw’uruziga rw’imodoka kugira ngo umuntu agume mu nzira, be n’ijwi rirenga ry’imburi, akenshi biratangaza umushoferi afise ubumuga bwo mu mutwe, bigatuma agira ubwoba, akagenda ahindukira cane canke akatera intambwe ku nzira y’umuduga aho gutera iferema. Mu buryo nk’ubwo, gukurikiza amabwirizwa ya GPS avugwa bisaba ko bitwararika ibintu bimwe bimwe bituma bitaho amatara y’umuhanda be n’abagenda n’amaguru.

Amasoko yasuzumwe¶

• Ishirahamwe ry’abaganga b’abageze mu zabukuru ryo muri Amerika (AGS) n’ishirahamwe ry’igihugu ryitaho umutekano wo mu mihanda (NHTSA, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika): Igitabo c’abaganga co gusuzuma no guhanura abashoferi bakuze (Igitabo ca 4).
• Ishirahamwe ry’abahinga mu bijanye no gusubiza mu buryo abashoferi (ADED, United States & Canada): Ingingo ngenderwako nziza zo gusuzuma neza umushoferi n’abahinga mu bijanye no gusubiza mu buryo abashoferi (CDRS).
• Ikigo gitanga uruhusha rwo gutwara imodoka n’imodoka (DVLA, Ubwongereza): Gusuzuma ubushobozi bwo gutwara imodoka: Inyobora y’abahinga mu vy’ubuvuzi: Indwara z’imitsi n’ubwenge.
• Ishirahamwe ry’abarwayi ba Alzheimer (Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika): Ikigo c’ubuhinga bwo gufasha abarwaye indwara yo kwihebura n’umutekano wo gutwara imodoka hamwe n’amasezerano yo gufasha umuryango.
• Austroads na Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Ivy’Itwara abantu n’ibintu (Australia): Gusuzuma ubushobozi bwo gutwara imodoka ku bashoferi b’imodoka z’ubudandaji n’iz’abantu ku giti cabo.

Inyobora zifitaniye isano¶

• Indwara yo kwihebura igendagenda no kubura abakuze vyihutirwa
• Indwara y’ukwihebura ikaze izuba rirenze, uguhagarika umutima cane, n’ugucika intege ata mubiri
• Ibitaro vy'ugutahura, urujijo rutunguranye, n'ubuvugizi bw'abakuru
• Kumenya no kwishura ku ndwara y'umutima
• Inomero z'ivyihutirwa kw'isi yose