Imodoka itagira urufunguzo isigaye iriko iragenda mu garage ifatanye (CO Infiltration)¶

Mu myaka cumi iheze, ugusubirizwa kwagutse kw’imfunguruzo z’ivyuma zikoreshwa n’ivyuma bikoreshwa n’ivyuma bikoreshwa n’ivyuma bikoreshwa n’ivyuma, ivyuma bikoreshwa mu gutangura/guhagarika, ivyuma bikoreshwa n’umuyagankuba bikoreshwa n’amavuta y’ibitoro, be n’ivyuma bikoresha telefone ngendanwa bikoresheje telefone ngendanwa, vyatumye haba kimwe mu bikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none bikomeye cane muri Amerika yo mu Buraruko. Dukurikije amatohoza yakozwe n’Ishirahamwe ry’Igihugu ryitaho Umutekano wo mu Nzira Nkuru (NHTSA), Komisiyo y’Umutekano w’Ibikoresho vy’Abaguzi (CPSC), be n’Ikigo kijejwe kugenzura no kwirinda indwara (CDC), abashoferi benshi cane buri mwaka barakwegera mu garaje y’uburaro idafatanye, bafunga urugi rw’igaraje rwo hejuru, bagahindura intambwe mu garaje y’imodoka. key fob mu mufuko canke mu gasakoshi), bagaca binjira mu nzu yabo batazi ko moteri ikiriko irakora. N’ikibi kuruta, iyo imodoka hybrid canke plug-in hybrid (PHEV) ikwegereye mu garage mu buryo buceceka bwa bateri-electric (EV) maze umushoferi akibagirwa gukanda buto ya Power imbere y’uko yinjira imbere n’ivyo bikoresho, imodoka ica yicara mu gacerere iminota 30 gushika kuri 90 gushika bateri y’umuyagankuba ipfuye ubwayo. imbere mu garage yugarijwe isaha zibiri z’ijoro** mu gihe umuryango wari usinziriye hejuru.

Mu minota 5 gushika kuri 15 imbere mu garage y’imodoka zibiri yugarijwe, umuyoboro w’umuyagankuba w’imodoka udakora utwara garaje umuyagankuba (CO) urenga ibice 1.200 ku miliyoni (ppm), urugero rwashizwe mu rutonde rw’Ishirahamwe ry’Igihugu ry’Umutekano n’Ubuzima ku Kazi nk’Ikigo c’Igihugu c’Umutekano n’Ubuzima ku Kazi (NIIgerous) (IDLH)**, kandi yihuta kurenga 3.000 gushika ku 10.000 ppm. Kubera ko garage ifatanye isangira uruhome, amabati yo mu gisenge, amabarabara y’amazi, n’umuryango wo mu mutima uhuza n’inzu nini, ingaruka z’ubushuhe z’inzu isusurutse zica hejuru, zitagira akamoto, zitaboneka igicu ca CO kiva muri garage kikagikwiragiza mu cumba co hejuru y’igaraje. Mbere no gufungura urugi rw’igaraje rwo hejuru kugira ngo imodoka isusuruke iminota 10 mu gitondo c’urushana birashobora gupompa 300 gushika kuri 500 ppm ya CO mu nzu iyo umuyaga uhuha umuyagankuba ugasubira imbere mu gice c’igaraje gifunguye. Kumenya ingene wova mu nzu utafunguye urugi rw’imbere rw’igaraje mu cumba ca gazi ca IDLH, gufungura urugi rw’inyuma rw’igaraje rwo hejuru uvuye hanze, no gusukura imifuko ya CO iguma mu vyumba vy’agashimwe biri hejuru y’igaraje birakiza ubuzima.

Ivyo ubikore ubu¶

1. Ukure umuntu wese n’igikoko cose mu nzu ubwo nyene uciye mu muryango w’inyuma w’imbere canke w’inyuma (NTUZIGEZE uciye mu garage). Ntuhagarare kugira ngo utore ibintu, ngo wambare abana, canke ngo urondere urufunguzo rw’imodoka. Nihagira uwusinziriye canke ari umunebwe mu cumba co kuraramwo kiri hejuru cane y’igaraje ifatanye n’aho, umuvyure umutware canke umufashe gusohoka aja ku gahinga k’imbere ubwo nyene.
2. Guma urugi rw’imbere ruhuza inzu n’igaraje RUFUNGWE neza. Uwo muryango w’imbere w’umuriro ni wo wonyene ufata ibice ibihumbi ku miliyoni y’umuyaga w’umuriro wihariye imbere mu gice c’igaraje. Bireke bifunze.
3. Hamagara abo mu karere kawe inomero z'ivyihutirwa (911 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Kanada, 112 hirya no hino mu Bumwe bw’Uburaya, 999 mu Bwongereza) bavuye mu rugo rw’imbere. Bwira uwurungitse neza uti: "Imodoka yasigaye igenda mu mpanuka imbere mu garage yacu yugarijwe, kandi umuyagankuba uriko urinjira mu nzu." Abakozi bazimya umuriro bafise ibikoresho vy’umuyagankuba vy’umuyagankuba vy’umuyagankuba vy’umuyagankuba ( abafana kandi bambare amapaki y’umuyaga y’ibikoresho vy’uguhema (SCBA) kugira ngo binjire mu garage ata nkomanzi.
4. Niba ufise urufunguzo rwawe rudakoresha umurongo, app y’imodoka ya smartphone, canke urufunguzo rw’umuryango w’igaraje wo hanze uri kumwe nawe HANZE mu rugo: fungura urugi rw’igaraje rwo hanze rwo hejuru maze ufunge imodoka uri kure y’inzira y’imodoka utateye imbere mu garage.
5. Hagarara nibura metero 5 (amafuti 16) inyuma ku nzira y’imodoka hanyuma ukande urugi rw’inyuma rw’igaraje rudakoresha umurongo (canke buto y’ugufungura urugi rw’igaraje ku modoka ya kabiri ihagaze hanze) kugira ngo uzamure urugi runini rw’igaraje ruri hejuru kugira ngo umuyagankuba usohoke mu kirere.
6. Niba imodoka yawe yatangujwe biciye ku fob yo gutangura kure canke app ya telefone ngendanwa (FordPass, MyChevrolet, Toyota, Hyundai Bluelink, HondaLink), kanda kuri buto ya Guhagarika Moteri / Gukuraho Gutangura kure kuri telefone yawe canke ku nzira y’urufunguzo igihe uhagaze mu rugo.
7. Ntukigere winjira mu gice c’igaraje kigutse ubwo nyene urugi rwo hejuru rumaze gufunguka; rindira hanze abazimya umuriro baze basukure garage bakoresheje ibipimo vya gaz.
8. Suzuma umuntu wese wo mu rugo ko afise ibimenyetso vy’ubumara bwa monoxide de carbone ubu nyene. Kubera ko monoxide de carbone ifatanya na hemoglobine incuro 200 gushika kuri 240 kuruta umwuka w’ikirere (igahingura carboxyhemoglobine, COHb), umuntu wese yari mu nzu ategerezwa gusuzumwa n’abaganga gusinzira, gusinzira, gukorora, gutera urujijo, gufata mu gikiriza, canke ataxia (gutsitara)**, naho botangura kwumva bamerewe neza gatoyi mu kirere ciza co hanze. Suzuma ivyacu carbone monoxide n'umwotsi wo guhumeka ubufasha bwa mbere.
9. Igihe abazimya umuriro bamaze kuzimya imodoka maze bakemeza ko CO yo mu nzu yagabanutse ikaja munsi ya 9 ppm: nukore igikorwa co gusukura umwuka mu garage, mu nzu yo hejuru, no mu vyumba vyo kuraramwo biri hejuru y’igaraje. Fungurira amadirisho ku mpande zitandukanye z’igorofa yose, fungura ama ventilateur yo mu bwogero no mu gikoni wheV yicara imbere mu garage imbere y’uko asubira gucana ubushuhe canke ubukonje.

Igishushanyo c'urugendo rw'ivyihutirwa rw'imodoka y'igaraje y'umuyagankuba¶

Kurikiza iki giti c’ingingo gikomeye c’umutekano w’ubuzima igihe wikeka ko imodoka yasigaye iriko iragenda mu garage ifatanye n’iyo nzu canke inkengeri y’umuyagankuba wo mu nzu ikora.

flowchart TD
    Start["CO Alarm Ivuga CANKE Imodoka Yatahuye Iriko Igenda<br/>Imbere mu Garage Ifatanye"] --> RuleOne["1. NTUKUNGURE urugi rw’imbere rw’inzu n’igaraje<br/>2. Kura abantu bose n'ibikoko vyo mu nzu hanze y'umuryango w'IMBERE/INYUMA<br/>(Ubanze usuzume icumba co kuraramwo kiri hejuru y'igaraje)"]

    RuleOne --> Call911["Hamagara kuri 911 / 112 / 999 uvuye mu rugo rwo hanze"]

    Call911 --> RemoteCheck{"Woba ushobora gufungura urugi runini rw’inyuma rwo hejuru<br/>garaje uri HANZE mu nzira y’imodoka?"}

    RemoteCheck -->|"EGO: Uruhome rw'inyuma, remote y'inyuma,<br/>canke porogaramu y'igaraje y'ubwenge iraboneka"| OpenDoor["Ugurure Urugi rwa Garage rwo hejuru uvuye mu Nzira y’Imodoka.<br/>HAGARARA ISHIMIKIRE 5 m (16 ft) uvuye ku nzira y’umuyagankuba.<br/>Koresha App ya Smartphone / Remote Fob kugira ngo Uhagarike Moteri nimba ifise.<br/>NTUGENDERE imbere mu garage."]

    RemoteCheck -->|"OYA: Nta klavye yo hanze canke remote hanze"| WaitFD["Gumana mu kirere ciza mu rugo rw'imbere.<br/>Rindira abazimya umuriro mu bipapuro vy'ikirere vya SCBA<br/>kugira ngo bamene urugi rwa garage & bazime umuriro."]

    OpenDoor --> MedicalTriage{"Hari uwufise umutwe, iseseme,<br/>ugusinzira, gutera urujijo, canke afise inda/uruyoya?"}
    WaitFD --> MedicalTriage

    MedicalTriage -->|"EGO: Ikimenyetso cose canke umuntu afise ingorane nyinshi"| EMSCare["EMS 100% Mask y'umwuka mwinshi<br/>& Isuzuma ry'umwuka w'ibitaro<br/>(Igipima umwuka w'urutoke gisanzwe gitanga igisomwa gisanzwe c'IKINYOMA)"]

    MedicalTriage -->|"OYA: Nta bimenyetso & FD isukuye inzu (<9 ppm)"| HousePurge["Gushitsa 4-Zone Ifatanye n'Igaraje:<br/>1. Gufungura garage + amadirisho y'inzu ateganye<br/>2. Gusukura ivyumba vy'agashimwe hejuru y'igaraje<br/>3. Subirizaho urugi rw'igaraje rwo gukingira ikirere no kwifunga"]

Uburyo bwo kugereranya: ubwoko bw'ibinyabiziga bigenda n'umuyagankuba CO uva mu garage yugarijwe¶

Abashoferi benshi barihenda mu kwiyumvira yuko imodoka zo muri iki gihe zikoresha amavuta y’ibinyabiziga zidasohora imyuka myinshi cane, ibikoresho bihindura amavuta y’ibinyabiziga canke imodoka zikoresha amavuta y’ibinyabiziga n’umuyagankuba zidashobora gutuma haba umuyagankuba wica imbere mu garaje. Naho imodoka y’ubu ikoresha amavuta y’ibinyabiziga iriko iragenda isusurutse ku nzira ndende itanga CO nkeyi kuruta imodoka yo mu myaka ya 1970 ikoresha amavuta y’ibinyabiziga, **moteri iyo ari yo yose ikoresha amavuta ya peteroli canke ya dizeli iriko irakora imbere mu garage yugarijwe y’amametero kibe 100 (amafuti kibe 3.500) igabanya vuba cane umwuka w’ikirere w’ibihumbi n’ibihumbi vy’ibinyabiziga.

Kubera iki kureka imodoka "ikashuha" mu garage ifatanijwe n'iyo URUGI RWA GARAGE RUGURUYE bikiri akaga¶

Imwe mu migani igumaho mu gihe c’imbeho ni uko ataco bitwaye gutangura imodoka yawe imbere mu garage ifatanye n’iyo modoka maze ukayireka ikaguma ikora iminota 5 gushika kuri 10 kugira ngo ushuhuze ikiyo c’imbere igihe cose ubanje gufungura urugi runini rw’igaraje ruri hejuru.

Igerageza ry’ivyatsi ryakozwe n’abashakashatsi bo muri Iowa State University, Health Canada, na Igisata c’Ubuzima co muri Minnesota ryagerageje iyo nkuru nyayo mu gufungura urugi rwo hejuru rw’igaraje ifatanye n’iyo nzu maze bagatangura imodoka ikanye imbere mu kiyaga: 1. Ivangura ry'amavuta ry'umuriro ry'intango (Imbere y'uko umuhinduzi w'amavuta asusurutse): - Mu minota ya mbere 2 gushika kuri 5 umaze gutangura moteri y’amavuta y’ibinyabiziga ikanye mu rushana, mudasobwa ya moteri itera umuvango w’amavuta y’ibinyabiziga n’ikirere (ugutunganywa kw’uruzitiro rwuguruye) mu gihe umuhinduzi w’ibinyabiziga w’inzira zitatu uri munsi y’imodoka ukiri munsi y’ubukonje bw’amabuye (munsi ya 250 gushika kuri 300 C600s to500s). Farenheiti). - Gushika igikoresho gihindura umuyagankuba gishitse ku bushuhe bwo kuzimya umuco, gihindura hafi zero y’umuyagankuba w’umuyagankuba mu mwuka w’umuyagankuba, bisobanura ko umuyoboro w’umuriro utera 30.000 gushika ku 70.000 ppm y’umuyagankuba w’umuyagankuba w’umuyagankuba inyuma nyene y’igaraje. 2. Umuyaga ufata imbere mu garage yuguruye: - Naho urugi rw’igaraje rwo hejuru rwoba rwuguruye cane, umuyaga wo hanze uhuha imbere y’inzu uratuma haba umuvuduko w’umuvurungano wo gusubira gusubira inyuma, ugatuma umuyaga ushushe ushika ku ruhome rw’inyuma no ku gisenge c’igaraje. - Mu bigeragezo vya kaminuza ya Iowa State University, gutwara imodoka mu minota 2 gusa urugi rw’igaraje rwo hejuru rwuguruye cane vyatuma umwuka w’ikirere wo mu garaje ushika ku birengeye 400 gushika kuri 500 ppm, no gufungura urugi rw’imbere rw’inzu-ku-garaje mu masegonda 10 uko umushoferi yariko aragenda asubira mu nzu y’igaraje y’umuyagankuba. n’amasaha menshi. 3. Itegeko ry'Itegeko: - Fungura urugi rw’igaraje rwo hejuru UBANZE, utangure moteri, hanyuma usubire inyuma imodoka gushika mu nzira y’inyuma UBWO nyene (mu masegonda 15 gushika kuri 30), hanyuma ufunge urugi rw’igaraje rwo hejuru kugira ngo umuyaga wo hanze ntufuhe umuyagankuba wo mu nzira y’imodoka usubire mu kinogo c’igaraje.

Ingene umwuka w’ikirere winyegeza uva mu garage ifatanye n’aho ukaja mu vyumba vyo hejuru¶

Benshi mu bafise inzu biyumvira yuko kubera ko urugi rw’imbere hagati y’igaraje n’igikoni rwugarijwe, umwotsi uri muri iyo garaje uguma muri iyo garaje. Mu vy’ukuri, inyigisho z’ubuhinga bw’inyubako zirerekana ko garage ifatanijwe n’aho umuntu aba biciye mu inzira zine zitaboneka:

1. Icumba c'Ikibanza c'Igihugu (Ivyumba Biri Hejuru y'Igaraje)¶

Mu mazu amamiliyoni y'ubu y'amagorofa abiri yo mu gisagara, icumba c'uburaro canke "icumba c'uburaro c'umwana" cicara hejuru y'igisenge c'igaraje gifatanye. - Naho amategeko y’inyubako asaba ko Ubwoko bwa X bufise uburebure bw’umuriro bufise uburebure bwa milimetero 16 ku gisenge c’igaraje, abahinga mu vy’amashanyarazi, abakora ivy’amazi, n’abahinguzi b’ibiti bakunda gusiga ibihengeri bitapfutse hirya no hino y’ibipande vy’inyubako, ibipande vy’igaraje, ibipande vy’igaraje n’ibipande vy’igaraje. ingazi zikwegwa hasi. - Kubera ko umuyaga ususurutse uduga (ingaruka y’ikirundo), ibidengeri vy’umuyagankuba ushushe cane vy’imodoka bitera ku gisenge c’igaraje, bica binyura mu mfuruka z’uruhome rwumye zitagira ivyuma bipfutse, bikaja mu mfuruka y’uruhome hagati y’igisenge c’igaraje n’igorofa yo hasi y’icumba co kuraramwo, maze bikaduga bigororotse biciye mu gisenge c’igaraje n’igorofa ry’icumba co kuraramwo. hejuru. Kenshi, icumba co kuraramwo kiri hejuru y’igaraje gishika ku rugero rw’umuyagankuba mwica imbere y’uko igikoni kiri iruhande y’igaraje gishika.

2. Ifuru ya HVAC canke Igikoresho co Gukoresha Umuyaga Kiri Imbere mu Garage¶

Mu turere dufise ikirere gitoyi (nk’ico mu Bumanuko no mu Burengero bwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika), abubatsi barakunda gushiramwo ifuru yo hagati y’umuyaga w’inguvu canke igikoresho co gukoresha umuyaga w’ipompa y’ubushuhe, hamwe n’igikoresho co gusubiza umuyaga c’ivyuma, mu garaje ifatanijwe n’iyo nzu. - Iyo umuyaga w’ifuru ufunguye, umuyoboro w’umuyaga wo gusubira inyuma uri imbere mu garage ukora mu gihe umuvuduko ukomeye w’ugunyota (-25 gushika -100 Pascals). - Agace gatoyi kose kari mu muryango w’iyunguruzo, mu gipfukisho c’amabuye y’agaciro, canke mu gipfukisho c’uruhome rwumye munsi y’ifuru iri mu garaje gikora nk’igikoresho kinini co gusukura, **kiyonka umuyaga w’umuriro w’igaraje ushitse mu muyoboro wo gusubirayo maze ukawufuha mu cumba cose c’uburaro kiri mu nzu ya kabiri **60 mu nzu.

3. Ivyuma bisohora umwuka wo hagati, ivyuma bikoresha umwuka mu nzu yose, n’ivyuma vyuma bifise umuvuduko mubi¶

Gukoresha igikoresho co kwumisha impuzu, igikoresho co mu gikoni, canke igikoresho co gusohora umwuka wo mu bwogero imbere mu nzu bigabanya umuvuduko w’umuyaga wo mu nzu ugereranije n’igaraje, bihindura umwobo wose w’urufunguzo, ikinogo c’imbere, n’isoko ry’umuyagankuba ku ruhome rw’igaraje rusangi bikaba bihinduka umuyaga wo mu nzu ukwegeranya umuyaga.

4. Uko womena canke wofungura urugi rwa Garage rwafashe uri hanze mu gihe amashanyarazi azimye¶

Iyo imodoka yasigaye iriko iragenda imbere mu garage ifatanye n’iyo garage mu gihe c’igihuhusi c’urushana (rero urufunguzo rw’umuyagankuba rwo hejuru rwo gufungura urugi rw’igaraje ku ruhome rw’inyuma nta muyagankuba rufise) kandi udafise urufunguzo rw’inyuma rw’umuryango wo ku ruhande rw’igaraje: - Ntukigere unyura mu nzu kugira ngo ukure umugozi utukura wo kurekura ivyihutirwa imbere mu garage. - Bwira uwurungika 911 / 112 / 999 ubwo nyene ko amashanyarazi yazimye kandi imodoka ifunzwe iriruka imbere muri garage yugarijwe; abazimya umuriro barashobora guca n’amaboko igipande co hasi canke igipande co ku ruhande c’umuryango w’igaraje wo hejuru w’ivyuma vy’aluminium bavuye mu nzira y’inyuma y’imodoka mu masegonda atarenga 20 bakoresheje urukero rwo gutabara ruzunguruka canke umugozi wa Halligan mu gihe urugi rw’imbere rw’inzu n’igaraje baguma rwugarijwe. - Kugira ngo witegure muri kazoza, nimba garage yawe idafise urugi rw’inyuma rw’abagenda n’amaguru, shiramwo Exterior Emergency Release Lock Cylinder ifise urufunguzo biciye ku gipande co hejuru c’umuryango w’igaraje yawe yo hejuru (igikombe c’imirongo yoroshe gifise urufunguzo gikurura igikoresho co gufungura imbere kiva mu nzira y’inyuma iyo amashanyarazi azimye).

Intambwe ku yindi y'amabwirizwa yo gusukura garage n'inzu bifatanye inyuma y'ikibazo ca CO¶

Abazimya umuriro bamaze kuzimya imodoka, bagafungura garaje, bagapima ikirere co mu nzu bakoresheje ibikoresho vy’amashanyarazi bifise ubushobozi bwo gupima, ntimupfunge gusa inzugi ngo musubire kuryama. Ivyombo vy’umuyagankuba bifunzwe mu binogo vy’inkuta, mu bibanza vy’ibikoresho, mu bipande vyo hasi mu vyumba vy’ivyiza, no mu bibanza vyo kubikamwo ibintu mu garaje birashobora gusubira kwirundanira (gusubira kwirundanira) amadirisho amaze gupfungwa.

1. Guma urugi runini rw’igaraje rwo hejuru RURUNGUYE 100 kw’ijana n’urugi rw’imbere rw’inzu-ku-garaje RUFUNGWE 100 kw’ijana mu gihe c’iminota 30 ya mbere y’ugufuha kw’igaraje:
2. Ni kubera iki urugi rwo guhuza rwoguma rwugarijwe mu ntango? Kuko garage bay ishobora kuba ikifise imifuko ya gaz 500-ppm hafi y’igipfukisho c’imbere c’imodoka, kandi ushaka ko iyo mifuko iremereye ifuha inyuma y’umuryango munini w’inzira y’imodoka, atari mu cumba cawe co gusangiriramwo.
3. Niba ufise umuyaga w’agasanduku, uwushire ku mbuga y’inzira y’imodoka yuguruye ufuha hanze (canke uwushire ku muryango w’inyuma w’urugo rw’igaraje ufuha imbere werekeza ku nzira y’imodoka yuguruye) mu minota 30.
4. Igihe kimwe, ushire umwuka mu bibanza vy’uburaro (cane cane ivyumba biri hejuru y’igaraje):
5. Ugurure nibura amadirisho abiri ku mpande zitandukanye z’igorofa yose y’inzu (impande z’umuyaga n’iz’umuyaga) kugira ngo ureme umuyaga w’umusaraba kamere.
6. Mu cumba cose co kuraramwo canke icumba c’agashimwe kiri hejuru canke iruhande y’igaraje, fungura amadirisho yose, fungura inzugi z’ibikoresho, kandi ukure amabarabara y’imbere mu nzu yugurure gatoyi iyo umwotsi winjiye mu nzu yo hejuru y’igaraje.
7. Suzuma igikoresho co gukoresha umuyaga ca HVAC gishizwe mu garage imbere yo gufungura ubushuhe canke AC:
8. Nimba ifuru yawe canke igikoresho co gukoresha umuyaga cicaye imbere mu garage, reka garage isohoke umuyaga wose mu minota 30 gushika kuri 45 mbere y’uko ufungura umuyaga wo mu nzu wo mu nzu. Igihe umuyaga wo mu garage ubaye umuyaga mwiza wo hanze 100 kw’ijana, hindura umuyaga wo hanze ushire kuri ON mu gihe amadirisho y’inzu akiri yuguruye kugira ngo ukuremwo CO yose yicaye idakora imbere mu binogo vy’ivyuma.
9. Kora "Iminota 30 y'Isuzuma ry'Inzu Yugaye":
10. Amaze gusohora umwuka iminota 60, funga amadirisho maze ukurikirane inkengeri y’umuyagankuba w’urugero rutoyi (iyigaragaza umubare ppm gushika kuri 10 ppm) ku rwego rwo hejuru mu minota 30 kugira ngo umenye neza ko urugero rwa CO ruguma ku 0 ppm back kandi ko rudashobora gusohoka igikoresho co guhindura ubushuhe canke igikoresho co gushusha amazi inyuma).

Imfashanyo yambere ku gushikirwa n'umwuka w'ikirere¶

Ivyo binyabiziga biva mu modoka ntibirimwo umuyagankuba (CO) gusa, ariko kandi birimwo umuyagankuba w’azote (\(\text{NO}_2\)), ibinyabuzima bitaturitse (benzène, formaldehyde, acroléine), n’ibinyabuzima bitobito cane umuyagankuba.

1. Uce wimukira mu kirere ciza co hanze ubwo nyene maze umugumye aruhutse bucece:
2. Naho umuntu amaze kuva mu nzu, gukora cane (nk’ukwiruka canke guterura ibintu biremerera) biratuma ingingo ngenderwako zirushiriza gukenera umwuka w’ikirere igihe imitsi y’umutima isanzwe ishonje n’umwuka w’ikirere kubera carboxyhemoglobine. Nimubwire umuntu wese yicare canke aryamye neza hanze.
3. Ntukigere wizera igipimo c'umuvuduko w'urutoke (\(\text{SpO}_2\) clip) inyuma yo gushikirwa na CO:
4. Ikintu gihambaye c’ubuvuzi: Igikoresho co gupima uburebure bw’imipfunda ibiri c’urugo canke c’imodoka itwara abarwayi **ntigishobora gutandukanya amaraso asanzwe afise umwuka w’ikirere (\(\text{O}_2\text{Hb}b\)) n’umuyagankuba w’ubumara uboshe n’umwuka w’ikirere ($\text{Hb}b) 660 nanometero hafi zisa n’izo.
5. Umuntu afise ubumara bwica 35 kw'ijana bw'ubumara bwa carboxyhemoglobine azohora yerekana "98% canke 99% vy'umwuka w'umwuka" bimuremesha mu buryo butari bwo ku gipimo c'umwuka w'urutoke. Igikoresho kidasanzwe c’uburebure bw’imipfunda myinshi CO-oximeter (gitwarwa n’ibigo vyinshi vy’ugutabara umuriro n’ibigo vy’ibitaro vy’ivyihutirwa) canke igikoresho co gukura gazi y’amaraso mu mitsi/imitsi ni co conyene gishobora gupima urugero nyarwo rwa COHb.
6. Kubera iki umwuka w’ubuvuzi 100 kw’ijana (canke umwuka w’ubuvuzi urengeje urugero) ari ngirakamaro cane:
7. Guhema umuyaga usanzwe wo hanze (21% oxygène), igice c’ubuzima bw’umuyagankuba mu maraso y’umuntu ni amasaha 4 gushika kuri 5 (bisobanura ko bifata amasaha 4 gushika kuri 5 kugira ngo CO mu maraso yawe igabanuke n’igice).
8. Guhumeka 100 kw’ijana y’umwuka w’ubuvuzi usanzwe biciye ku gipfukisho c’umubiri kidashobora gusubira guhumeka kiva ku baganga bigabanya igice c’ubuzima bw’uwo mubiri kikaja ku minota 60 gushika ku 90, na Ubuvuzi bw’umwuka w’umwuka w’ubuvuzi (HBOT) ku 2,5 gushika ku 3,00 z’ukwezi. Iminota 30** mu gihe umuntu ariko arakingira indwara ziterwa n’imitsi (ugutakaza ubwenge, uguhinduka kw’akaranga, n’uguhungabana kw’indwara ya Parkinson bishobora kugaragara inyuma y’imisi 2 gushika kuri 40 umuntu amaze gushikirwa n’ibintu bikomeye mu garage).
9. Abagore batwite, inzoya, abana, abakuze, n’umuntu wese afise indwara y’umutsi w’umutima bategerezwa kwama basuzumwa mu bitaro inyuma y’ikibazo ca CO co mu garage: hemoglobine y’umwana mu nda ifatanya na carbone monoxide mbere cane kuruta hemoglobine y’umuvyeyi w’umuvyeyi, bisobanura ko umwana ataravuka afata gaze nyinshi cane kurusha CO.

Uko wokingira ubuziraherezo "Imodoka itagira urufunguzo isigaye iriko iragenda" n'ukwinjira mu garage¶

Fata izi ntambwe zitanu z’ubuhinga muri iki ciyumviro kugira ngo imodoka y’ubuto yibagiwe ntizokwigere itera ubumara urugo rwawe:

• 1. Gushiramwo inkengeri y’imyaka 10 y’umuyagankuba w’umuyagankuba mu nzira ijana hanze y’aho umuntu asinzira hose KANDI mu cumba co kuraramwo kiri hejuru y’igaraje: Ntukigere ushiramwo inkengeri y’umuyagankuba w’imbere mu nzu imbere mu gice c’igaraje ubwaco gifise inkungugu, gifise ubukonje/ubushuhe (ubushuhe burengeje urugero n’ibihe vy’ugutangura kw’amashanyarazi); ahubwo, shiraho UL 2034 / EN 50291 yemejwe n’inkengeri y’umuyagankuba ifise ikimenyetso c’umuyagankuba imbere mu nzu mu metero 3 (amafuti 10) y’umuryango w’imbere w’igaraje no mu cumba co kuraramwo kiri hejuru y’igaraje (vyiza cane iyo bihuye n’umuyagankuba inkengeri yose yo mu cumba co kuraramwo ica ivuza induru ku 85 decibels ubwo nyene).
• 2. Shiraho Igikoresho co Gutahura Ubushuhe (ATARI inkengeri y’umwotsi) imbere mu garage: Iyo imodoka iriko iragenda yibagiwe ishushe cane canke bateri ya EV ifata umuriro imbere mu garaje, inkengeri y’ubushuhe 135°F / 57°C y’ubushuhe budahinduka / igipimo c’ugutera imbere ihuye n’inzu yawe ibinyoma-vyuka biva ku nkungugu isanzwe y’umuyoboro w’umuriro.
• 3. Kora ishusho "Fob Hook ku Ignition" canke ushoboze Auto-Shutoff:
• Suzuma igitabu ca nyen’imodoka yawe canke porogarama zivuguruwe z’abagurisha: Dukurikije amatohoza y’umutekano ya NHTSA be n’ingingo mfatirwako za SAE J3125, imodoka nyinshi za kera ubu zitanga porogarama y’abagurisha 30- canke 60-Minute Idle Do-Shutoff canke **induru y’inyuma y’imodoka ishobora gukoreshwa n’ijwi rirenga. irafunga moteri iriko irakora maze urufunguzo rukava mu nzu. Ntukigere uzimya imburi y’ihembe ry’inyuma ry’ugutera ijwi kabiri mu mitunganyirize y’imodoka yawe.
• 4. Ushireko ikidodo kandi ushireko ikidodo ku Urugi rw’Inzu-ku-Garaje maze ushiremwo Amahinguriro Yifunga:
• Suzuma uruzitiro rw’umuriro rukomeye hagati y’igaraje yawe n’inzu: subirizaho umupira utaburutse uruzitiro rwo gukingira ikirere maze ushiremwo igikoresho co gukubura urugi rwo hasi kidashobora gushikamwo umwuka kugira ngo ntubone umuco ukikuje imirongo y’umuryango.
• Tunganya canke ushiremwo ibipfukisho vy’umuryango vyifunga bifise amapfundo kugira ngo urugi rwifunge kandi rwifunge igihe cose umuntu atwaye ibifungurwa imbere.
• 5. Gukingira igisenge c'igaraje n'ibibanza vy'uruhome rusangi n'igipfukisho c'umuriro / ifu:
• Koresha igikoresho co gukingira umuriro (igikingira umuriro gitukura/umutuku) n’ivu ry’uruhome rwumye kugira ngo ufunge umwobo wose w’imiyoboro, ikinogo c’isanduku y’amashanyarazi, umuyoboro wo hagati, n’igipfukisho c’ingazi co hejuru mu gisenge c’igaraje no mu ruhome rw’inzu.

Ibibazo bikunda kubazwa¶

Mbega imodoka y’ubu ikoreshwa n’ubuto butagira urufunguzo ntiyizima iyo ngiye mu nzu mfise urufunguzo mu mufuko?¶

Ku modoka amamiliyoni zubatswe hagati ya 2006 n’intango z’imyaka ya 2020, inyishu ni oya: iyo moteri y’ubuto imaze gutangura, ikoreshwa n’intumbero yo KUTAZIMA gusa kubera ko urufunguzo rw’urufunguzo rw’intsinga rutakaza ikimenyetso canke rukava mu modoka (nk’uko moteri yawe ishobora guhagarara. km/h ku nzira y’umuyagankuba). Keretse iyo imodoka yawe yihariye ifise igihe ca Park Idle Auto-Shutoff gihinduwe c’iminota 30 gushika kuri 60, imodoka ikoreshwa n’ubuto canke imodoka y’ivyuma isigaye muri Park imbere mu garage izobandanya ikora amasaha menshi gushika itangi ryose ry’amavuta ryumye.

None imodoka y’umuyagankuba yoshobora gute kwuzuza garage yacu umwuka w’ikirere hagati mw’ijoro nimba mbere moteri yayo itariko irakora igihe nayihagarika?¶

Iyo ukuruye imodoka ikoresha amavuta ya peteroli n’umuyagankuba mu garage ku muvuduko muto, akenshi moteri y’amavuta ya peteroli irazima maze imodoka igaca yinjira mu gacerere ku nguvu z’amabateri y’umuyagankuba (EV mode). Iyo wimukiye muri Park maze ukagenda mu nzu udafyonda kuri buto ya Power kugira ngo uzime imodoka, imodoka iguma mu buryo bwa "READY" n'ivyo ikoresha mu gucungera ikirere, amatara y'umurango, n'ibikoresho vy'ubuhinga bwa none bikura ubushobozi kuri bateri y'umuyagankuba w'umuriro mwinshi; Haciye iminota 30 gushika ku 90, umaze gusinzira, umuriro wa bateri y’ivyuma bifatanya uragabanuka ukaja ku rugero rwo hasi maze mudasobwa y’imodoka igaca ifungura moteri y’amavuta ya peteroli imbere mu garage yugarijwe kugira ngo yongere umuriro wa bateri.

Iyo nkoresheje remote-start y’imodoka yanje mu mpanuka imbere mu garage yugarijwe iminota 10, ikaba imaze kwifunga, vyoba ari vyiza kwinjira muri garage kugira ngo nsohoke ku kazi?¶

Oya, ntuce mu muryango w’imbere w’inzu uja mu garaje winjire mu garaje yugarijwe aho imodoka iherutse gutangura iminota 10 ikoresheje kure. Naho moteri yazimye, iminota 10 yo gutangura gukora ataco ikora, yaramaze kwuzuza ikibanza c’igaraje gipfutse ibice 1.000 gushika ku 3.000+ ku miliyoni y’umuyagankuba udafise akamoto uguma ufunzwe nk’ikidengeri co kwogeramwo gifise ubumara; ahubwo, sohoka mu muryango w’inzu yawe y’imbere, ukoreshe urufunguzo rwawe rwo hanze canke remote uva ku nzira y’imodoka kugira ngo ufungure urugi runini rw’igaraje rwo hejuru, hanyuma usubire ku nzira y’imodoka n’imiburiburi iminota 15 canke 20 mu gihe umuyaga mwiza wo hanze uriko urasohoka mu kibanza c’igaraje imbere y’uko winjira mu modoka yawe.

Ni kuki inkengeri y’umuyagankuba wo hejuru mu cumba co hejuru y’igaraje yavuze imbere y’uko inkengeri yo hasi mu nzira ivuga?¶

Ivyuka biva mu muyoboro w’umuriro w’imodoka bishushe biva mu gikoresho co gupfuka ijwi ku bushuhe bwa degre 150 gushika ku 300 (degre 300 gushika kuri 600 Fahrenheit), ivyo bikaba bituma umuyaga usohoka mu modoka ushushe cane kandi ugatera hejuru kuruta umuyaga utose uri imbere mu garaje yawe. Ico gikoko gishushe CO kiduga kija ku gisenge c’igaraje, kigaca mu bihengeri bitobito bikikuje ibibindi vy’amatara, amabuye y’ugufungura urugi rw’igaraje, n’ibipande vy’ibarabara kija mu mfuruka iri munsi y’icumba co hejuru, kigaca kiduga kija mu cumba co kuraramwo kiri hejuru y’igaraje imbere y’uko gazi nyinshi zica mu nzu y’igaraje.

Amasoko yasuzumwe¶

• Ikigo c'igihugu kijejwe umutekano wo mu nzira nkuru (NHTSA, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika): Ivyuma bikoreshwa mu gucana umuriro ata mfunguruzo, impanuro zijanye n'umutekano wo gucana umuriro mu nzira igendagenda n'umuyagankuba na Ingingo ngenderwako za SAE J3125 zo gucana umuriro ata mfunguruzo.
• Ibigo bijejwe kugenzura no kwirinda indwara (CDC) n'Ikigo c'Igihugu c'Umutekano n'Ubuzima ku Kazi (NIOSH): Ubumara bwa Carbon buva mu Binyabiziga biri mu Magaraje Afatanye na *Igitabo c'Igihugu c'Ibinyabiziga: Carbon Monoxid IDLH (1,200 .
• Ishirahamwe ry'Umutekano w'Ibikoresho vy'Abaguzi ryo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (CPSC): Ivyago vy'umuyagankuba w'umuyagankuba mu modoka zidakoresha urufunguzo n'ugushiramwo inkengeri y'umuyagankuba w'umuyagankuba mu nzu.
• Ishirahamwe ry’ubuzima ryo muri Canada n’iry’ingwati n’amazu ryo muri Canada (CMHC): Ivyigwa vy’ugushiramwo ibintu bihumanya imodoka, ukwinjira kw’ibintu bihumanya imodoka, n’ivyigwa ku bijanye n’umuyaga wo mu modoka zitangura gukonja.
• Igisata c'uburimyi n'ubuhinga bwa kaminuza ya Iowa State University: Ukwirundanira kw'umuyagankuba mu magaraje afatanye n'ibindi mu gihe c'ugutangura gukora ataco akora, inzugi z'amagaraje zikaba zifunguye kandi zifunze.

Inyobora zifitaniye isano¶

• Ubutabazi bwa mbere bwo guhumeka umwotsi w'umuyagankuba
• Inkengeri zitahura umwuka w'ikirere n'uguhunga
• Umutekano w'amageneratore n'ukwirinda umwuka w'ikirere
• Ifuru ya gazi kavukire yasadutse ubushuhe n'ugusubira inyuma
• Gaz ivuza: ingene womenya no guhunga ata nkomanzi
• Ububiko bw'inomero z'ivyihutirwa