Amariba y'idirisha yo munsi y'ubutaka yarengewe n'amazi: Gufuha ibirahuri vy'amazi n'ugupompa vyihutirwa¶

Iyo igicu gikomeye gipfutse, urubura rwihuta gusenyuka, canke amazi aseseka yo mu gisenge atera amazi mw’idirisha ry’inyuma ry’inzu iri munsi y’urugero vyihuta kuruta uko amabuye yo hasi ashobora gusohoka, uruzitiro rw’icuma canke rw’amabuye rurahinduka uruzitiro rw’amazi rudategerezwa, rwica "fishbowl" direct single ibirahuri. Kubera ko amazi apima ibilo 1.000 kuri metero kibe (amapawundi 62,4 ku metero kibe), idirisha ry’inyuma ry’inzu ry’isohoka canke ry’ibarabara ry’amazi ryibiye munsi y’amasentimetero 60 gushika kuri 120 (amafuti 2 gushika kuri 4) gusa y’amazi ahagaze rishobora gushikirwa n’ibilo 70,550. amapawundi) y’inguvu z’amazi zijanjagura imbere. Ibirahuri vy’amadirisha vy’amazu bisanzwe be n’ibipande vy’amadirisha vy’ivyuma vyari vyakozwe kugira ngo bishobore kunanira umuyaga mutoyi, atari igice c’itoni y’amazi y’umutwe. Ata n’umwe abimenyesheje, iyo nkuru y’ibirahuri canke iyo nkuru y’ipulasitike iraturika imbere nk’aho ari urugomero rutoyi, igatera ibice vy’ibirahuri vy’amasahani bisongoye nk’inzobe mu cumba co munsi y’ubutaka ku muvuduko munini cane hanyuma ubwo nyene ikurikirwa n’amalita 500 gushika ku 1.500 (amagaloni 130 gushika ku 400 y’amazi,** y’amazi y’ibara ry’agahama. ibirenge no guha inguvu imirongo y’amashanyarazi yo mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka. Niwaraba idirisha ryo mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka mu gihe c’igihuhusi maze ukabona amazi y’ibitovu ariko araduga hanze y’ikiyo nk’aho ari ikinogo c’amazi, uce ubwo nyene ukura abantu bose mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka, subiramwo ivyacu . umuyagankuba wo mu nzu yo hasi y'umwuzure n'ubuyobozi bwo kurokoka, reba ivyacu Idirisha ryavunitse umurongozi wo kwinjira mu ndege vyihutirwa, kandi ugumize ivy’aho uba inomero z'ivyihutirwa biteguye mu gihe uruhome rw’inyubako rwopfukama canke umuyagankuba woshobora guteza abawubamwo.

Ntukigere ugenda uja mw’idirisha ryo munsi y’ubutaka riri mu mazi uvuye imbere kugira ngo usuzume ikirahuri, usunikire ku gicapo, canke ngo ugerageze gufatanya canke gufatanya ikirahuri. Ushobora gusa gukuraho umuvuduko w’umutwe w’amazi ata nkomanzi mu kuja hanze mu rugo no gukura, gukura, canke gupompa amazi ava mw’iriba ryo hanze uvuye hejuru y’urugero mu gihe uhindura inzira y’amazi amanuka yo mu gisenge ariko aragaburira umuyaga.

Ivyo ubikore ubu¶

1. Vukana mu cumba kandi NTUKIGEZE uhagarara imbere y’idirisha ryo munsi y’ubutaka rifise amazi akoranye hanze y’ikiyo. Fata idirisha ryo munsi y’ubutaka rifata amazi ahagaze neza neza nk’ipoto y’amazi ifise umuvuduko mwinshi canke urugomero rwasadutse. Iyo ikirahuri co kureremba gipfutse gipfuye kidakora neza mu gihe c’ugukomera kw’amazi, ntikisaduka gusa ngo kigatemba; igipande cose kiramenagurika icarimwe, kigatera ibice vy’ibirahuri bimeze nk’inkota bifise metero 3 gushika kuri 6 (amafuti 10 gushika kuri 20) bica hasi mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka. Ubwo nyene ushire abana, ibikoko vyo mu nzu n’abantu bakuze hejuru.
2. NTUgerageze gufatanya, gusunika canke gufatanya imbere mu kiyo, kandi NTUKIGEZE ufungura igipfukisho. Gusunika imbere mu kiyo gipfukamye bituma umubabaro w’intangamarara ushika munsi y’ibiganza vyawe, ugaca uca imitsi y’ikiganza n’iy’imbere (radial kandi ulnar imitsi) iyo ikirahuri gihaye inzira mu gihe amazi atera amaboko yawe aja mu gipfukisho c’idirisha gifise amahembe.
3. ZIMA ibikoresho bizimya amashanyarazi bigaburira amazi asohoka mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka, amatara, n’ibikoresho vyo hasi imbere y’uko amazi atera idirisha. Nimba igipande cawe c’umuyagankuba nyamukuru kiri hejuru canke ahantu h’umye aho udategerezwa guca hejuru y’idirisha ry’amazi, hindukiza ibikoresho vyose ivyo mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka deLE FFL circuit breakers (ON breaker ya pompe yawe yo mu nzu yo hasi yahindutse ON kugira ngo pompe yo hasi ishobore gufata amazi iyo idirisha rivuye).
4. Genda HANZE mu rugo (wambaye inkweto, ibikoresho vyo kwikingira imvura, n’ivyo kwikingira amaso) kugira ngo uhindure amazi asohoka mu gisenge canke amazi asohoka ku butaka agaburira iriba ry’idirisha. Mu bice birenga 80 kw’ijana vy’umwuzure w’iriba ry’idirisha, amazi yuzuye iriba ariko arasuka ataco akora avuye mu **gutter a canke igikoko co kwagura umugende w’amazi kivuye mu gisenge kijugunya amalita ibihumbi n’ibihumbi y’amazi asohoka mu gisenge iruhande y’umushinge. Tera urubaho, igipfukisho c’ipulasitike, igitambaro, canke umuyoboro w’amazi ushobora guhinduka munsi y’aho amazi asohoka kugira ngo utere amazi yo mu gisenge nibura metero 2 gushika kuri 3 (amafuti 6 gushika kuri 10) kure y’inzu.
5. Gubanura urugero rw’amazi ari mw’iriba ry’inyuma ry’idirisha ry’inyuma ukoresheje ipompo y’amazi, sifoni y’amazi y’itongo, canke indobo y’amalita 20 (amagaloni 5). Kugabanya inking y’amazi iri imbere mw’iriba ry’inyuma mbere n’amasentimetero 30 (inci 12)** bigabanya umubare wose w’amazi ku inci 50 ijana, ubwo nyene akuraho idirisha mu karere k’ivyago vy’ugusenyuka.
6. Nimba idirisha ryo mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka ryaramaze gupfuka kandi amazi ariko arasesagura hasi mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka: NTUKIGERE mu mazi yo mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka ahagaze. Ivyuma bifata amashanyarazi biri mu mazi, ibikoresho bikura ubukonje, ibikoresho bikonjesha mu gikiriza, canke ibikoresho bipfutse amazi mu ifuru birashobora guha amazi ikidengeri cose ku 120V canke 240V the electrocu touch your intambwe yo hasi. Hamagara 911 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Canada, 112 mu bihugu vyose vy’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi, canke 999 mu Bwongereza nimba amazi ashitse ku bipande vy’amashanyarazi, ku bikoresho vya gazi, canke ku bipande vy’umushinge w’inyubako.

Igiti c'ingingo: Idirisha ryo munsi y'ubutaka ryuzuye amazi inyishu y'ivyihutirwa¶

Koresha iki giti c’ingingo kugira uhitemwo urutonde rwiza rwo gukuraho umukazo w’idirisha ry’amazi no gukingira umwuzure wo mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka.

flowchart TD
    Start["Amazi Aduga mw'Iriba ry'Idirisha ryo Hasi ('Ingaruka y'Igikombe c'Ifi')"] --> GlassStatus{"1. Mbega ikirahuri c’idirisha caramaze gumenagurika canke gupfuka?"}

    GlassStatus -->|"OYA: Ibirahuri biracari vyiza, bifata amazi"| EvacInterior["ITEGEKO RYO GUHITA IMBERE: 1. Kura abantu bose mu cumba co munsi y’ubutaka UBU 2. NTUZIGEZE uhagarara imbere canke gusunika ku kiyo 3. Zima ibicapo vy’amazi asohoka mu nzu yo hasi (keep Sump Pump breaker ON)"]

    GlassStatus -->|"EGO: Ibirahuri vyamenetse imbere; amazi asuka mu nzu yo munsi y'ubutaka"| BreachAction["ACTIVE BASEMENT BREACH: 1. NTUKINJIRE amazi ahagaze hasi mu nzu 2. Iyo umunuko wa gaze canke amazi ashitse ku gipande c’umuyagankuba, uvemwo & uhamagare 911/112/999 3. Genda HANZE ubwo nyene kugira ngo uhagarike isoko yinjira mw’iriba"]

    EvacInterior --> GoOutside["Genda HANZE ku idirisha ry'inyuma ufise itara, indobo, igitambaro, canke ipompo y'amazi"]
    BreachAction --> GoOutside

    GoOutside --> SourceCheck{"2. Amazi yinjira mw’iriba ava hehe?"}

    SourceCheck -->|"A. Umugende w’amazi upfutse useseka hejuru y’iriba CANKE umugende w’amazi ucitse"| DivertRoof["INTAMBWE YA 1 (GUHAGANIKA AMAZI YINJIRA): Shimika ku rubaho rw’ibiti, ku gipfukisho c’ibikoresho vy’ipulasitike, canke ku gipfukisho kiremereye ku burebure bwa degre 45 hejuru y’iriba kugira ngo uhindure amazi atera, hanyuma ushire amazi amanuka ku metero 3 (amafuti 10)"]

    SourceCheck -->|"B. Ibarabara ry'urugo-rutemba rumanuka mu musozi ruja ku ruhande rw'iriba"| DivertYard["INTAMBWE YA 1 (GUHAGANIKA INFLOW): Wubake inzitizi yihuta ku ruhande rw’icuma ukoresheje umwanda, imifuko y’ivyatsi/ivu, ibitambaro vy’amazi bitose imbere mu mifuko y’imyanda, canke igitambaro co gupfuka ."]

    DivertRoof --> DrainWell["INTAMBWE YA 2 (GUSOMA AMAZI MU IRIBA AVUYE HANZE): Gabanya amazi nibura cm 30-45 (12-18 in)"]
    DivertYard --> DrainWell

    DrainWell --> MethodChoice{"3. Ni ibikoresho ibihe ufise ubu?"}
    MethodChoice -->|"Ipompa y'amazi canke ipompa y'amazi y'inyuma"| PumpOut["Gutera ipompo iri mu mazi mw’iriba ku mugozi; gukoresha umuyoboro 5 m (16 ft) umanuka (ushire mu gisohoka ca GFCI n'ibiganza vyumye)"]
    MethodChoice -->|"Nta pompe, ariko urugo ruramanuka kure y'inzu"| SiphonBail["Bail furiously uvuye hejuru n'indobo ya 20 L (5-gal) CANKE gutangura umuyoboro w'amazi wo mw'itongo gushika ahantu hasi mu rugo/umugende w'ibarabara"]
    MethodChoice -->|"Iriba ryaravuye amazi gatoyi; hasi y'amabuye y'agaciro iraboneka"| ClearStandpipe["Tora umukubuzo canke igiti c’umugozi hasi biciye mu mababi/ivu ry’amabuye y’agaciro kugira ngo uhagarike umuyoboro w’amazi w’igifaransa uhagaze w’amasentimetero 10 (inci 4)"]

Inguvu z'amazi n'uburebure bw'idirisha: Imibare y'ubuhinga y'ibirahuri¶

Gutahura fizike nyayo y’igituma amariba y’idirisha adakora neza birafasha gusigura igituma utegerezwa kugira ico ukoze mu minota mikeyi igihe amazi atanguye kuduga idirisha ryo mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka.

Udakunze umuyaga (utera idirisha mu masegonda abiri ugaca uruhuka), amazi afashwe mw’iriba ry’idirisha ry’icuma canke ry’amabuye y’agaciro akoresha 100 kw’ijana umuzigo upfuye udahinduka utuma ibirahuri bigira **urushe rwo guhagarara (stress **epwoodle cracking or)

Kubera iki amariba yo mu madirisha yo munsi y’ubutaka aseseka bukwi na bukwi mu gihe c’imvura nyinshi¶

Mu mategeko y’inyubako yo muri iki gihe (Itegeko Mpuzamakungu ry’Ivy’Uburaro IRC Igice ca R310.2.3), iriba ryose ry’idirisha ryo munsi y’ubutaka risaba umuyoboro w’amazi uhagaze w’amamilimetero 100 (inci 4) ufise imyobo ya PVC munsi ya uburebure bwa santimetero 15 gushika kuri 30 (inci 6 gushika kuri 12) bw’amazi (tile irira / umugende w’amazi w’igifaransa) n’ikinogo c’amazi co mu nzu.

Iyo iriba ry’idirisha ryuzuye bukwi na bukwi mu gihe c’inkuba, kimwe mu bibazo bine vy’amazi carabaye:

1. Igipfukisho co ku ruhande "Mat-Seal" (Igisanzwe)¶

Mu mpera z’umwaka zibiri canke zitatu, amababi, ivyatsi bicitse, inshinge z’imiberoshi, amabuye y’agaciro be n’ivu ryo hejuru biraguma ku mabuye y’agaciro ari hasi mw’iriba ryuguruye. - Uko amababi abora agahinduka ivu, akora igitanda c’ivu kimeze nk’ibumba kidashobora guca mu mazi hejuru y’amabuye y’agaciro, canke amababi atose akanyonka ku nzira y’amazi. - Naho umuyoboro w’amazi wo mu Bufaransa uri munsi yayo woba ugaragara neza, amazi y’imvura ntashobora kwinjira mu gitereko c’ivu kiri hejuru y’ayo mabuye.

2. Amazi y’Igisenge canke Amazi y’Igihugu Arengeje urugero¶

Nta nzira y’amazi y’iriba ry’idirisha ry’imilimetero 100 (inch 4) ishobora kumira amazi y’ikiyaya cose co hejuru y’igisenge. - Mu gihe c’igihuhusi gikomeye (50 millimeters / 2 inches of rain per hour), a 100-square-meter (1,075-square-foot) amazu yo hejuru amalita 5.000 (amagaloni 1.320) kw’isaha, canke amalita 83 (amagaloni 22) ku munota. - Iyo umugende uri hejuru y’iriba ry’idirisha wuzuye amababi, canke iyo umugende wo hasi uri iruhande y’iriba uteretse, iyo nzira y’amazi y’amalita 83 ku munota irasuka igororotse mw’iriba.

3. Gushiramwo urugo rubi n'uguhindura urugo¶

Iyo ubutaka bwo gusubira inyuma bukikuje inzu bushitse ku masentimetero 10 gushika ku 20 (inci 4 gushika ku 8), canke igihe inzira z’amaguru zitemba zija ku mushinge, uruzitiro rw’iriba rw’idirisha rwicaye rumwe n’ubwatsi rukora nk’ikidengeri co gufata amazi y’imyanda y’igihuhusi kugira ngo amazi asohoke mu rugo.

4. Ipompa y'amazi y'imbere mu nzu yuzuye ibirenge¶

Iyo amazi avuye mu mabuye y’agaciro avuye hasi igihe ata mvura iriko iragwa hejuru y’iriba, umushinge wawe w’amazi w’igifaransa uriko urasubira inyuma. - Ivyo bishika iyo ipompa yawe yo mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka ipfuye canke itakaje ubushobozi, canke iyo igiti c’ibirenge co munsi y’ubutaka kijanjaguwe. Amazi yo mu butaka yinjira ku ruhande rumwe rw’umushinge asubira hejuru aciye mu muyoboro w’uruzitiro, akaduga aja mw’iriba ry’idirisha ryo hasi cane.

Intambwe ku yindi gukiza hanze: Uko wohagarika amazi yinjira no gukura amazi mw’iriba ry’idirisha ryuzuye amazi¶

Ntukigere urwana neza n’idirisha ryuzuye amazi uri imbere mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka. Ambara imyambaro y'imvura, inkweto, amaganzu, n'amataratara y'umutekano, hanyuma ukore uru rutonde rw'inyuma:

Intambwe ya 1: Guca Amazi Agaburira Iriba (Iminota 2 ya Mbere)¶

Imbere yo gukura amazi mw’iriba, hagarika amazi mashasha ngo ntasuke: 1. Ukingira Isonga ry'Iriba Ubwo nyene: - Igipande c’ibiti, ameza ashobora gupfungwa, igipfukisho c’ibikoresho vyo kubikamwo ibintu, igipfukisho c’ibikoresho vyo gutereramwo imyanda, igipande c’impuzu, canke igitambaro kiremereye mu mfuruka ya degre 30 gushika kuri 45 ku nzu iri hejuru y’iriba ry’idirisha. - Iyo amazi ariko aratemba hejuru y’umugende w’amazi uzitiye hejuru, iyo ngabo irakevya 95 kw’ijana vy’amazi atera akaja ku gahinga. 2. Subira gufatanya canke guhindura inzira y'amazi yose ari hafi: - Suzuma amazi asohoka mu metero 3 (amafuti 10) y’iriba. Jam loose extension pipes zisubire hejuru canke ushire urubaho/igitambaro munsi y’umurongo kugira ngo utware amazi kure y’uruhome. 3. Igipande co hejuru y'urugomero-Uruzi rugenda hejuru y'urugomero: - Nimba amazi y’ivyatsi ariko arasuka hejuru y’uruzitiro rw’icuma, pakira imifuko y’ipulasitike itafunguwe y’ivu ryo gutera, ivyatsi, umunyu wo kworosha amazi, canke ibitambaro vyo kwoga vyuzuye imbere mu mifuko y’ipulasitike y’imyanda hirya no hino hanze y’uruzitiro rw’icuma nk’imifuko y’umusenyi.

Intambwe ya 2: Gukura amazi mu nkingi yo hanze kugira ngo ushiremwo umukazo w'ibirahuri¶

Hagarara iruhande y’iriba ku gahinga; NTUZOKWIGEZE uduga umanuke mw’iriba ry’idirisha ryuzuye amazi. Niwatera intambwe mw’iriba ryuzuye amazi maze ikirahuri kigamenagurika kubera umukazo w’amazi n’inkweto zawe, iyo nzira y’umuvuduko izotuma amaguru yawe agororoka aciye mu gicapo c’ikirahuri gifise amahembe, akaja mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka, bigatuma ugira ibikomere bikomeye.

Hitamwo uburyo bwo gukura amazi bwihuta cane:

Uburyo A: Ipompa y’amazi canke ipompa y’amazi y’inyuma (Litiro 100+ / Amagaloni 26 ku munota)¶

1. Bohera umugozi w’inylon ku gikoresho co hejuru c’ipompo y’amazi canke ipompo y’amazi y’inyuma (ntiwigere umanura ipompo n’umugozi wayo w’umuyagankuba).
2. Huza 19-millimeter (3/4-inch) umuyoboro w'itongo canke 32-millimeter (1-1/4-inch) sump hose maze uyifungure metero 5 gushika kuri 8 (amafuti 16 gushika kuri 26) kure umanuka.
3. Manura iyo pompe mu mfuruka y’idirisha kure cane y’ikiyo gushika iruhukiye ku rutare.
4. Ukoresheje ibiganza vyumye, shira umugozi wo hanze mu isohoka ry’amazi ry’i GFCI kugira ngo upompe iriba ryumye mu minota 3 gushika ku 8.

Uburyo B: Igikoresho co gukingira indobo y’amalita 20 (amagaloni 5) (amalita 60 / amagaloni 16 ku munota)¶

Iyo amashanyarazi azimye canke ubuze ipompo, koresha indobo y’amalita 20 (galoni 5) canke inkono nini yo mu gikoni: 1. Iriba ry’idirisha ry’inzu risanzwe rifata amalita 300 gushika kuri 800 (amagaloni 80 gushika kuri 210). 2. Uhagaze iruhande y’iriba, ushire indobo y’amalita 20 (amagaloni 5) canke igiseke c’imyanda c’ipulasitike mu mazi hanyuma ugitere hejuru ukamanuka ku gahinga buri masegonda 10. 3. Ibikombe 10 gushika kuri 15 gusa (mu minota 3) bikuramwo amalita 200 gushika kuri 300 (amagaloni 50 gushika kuri 80), bikagabanya umurongo w’amazi na sentimetero 30 gushika kuri 45 (inci 12 gushika kuri 18) kandi bikarokora ikirahuri ngo ntikimeneke.

Uburyo C: Sifoni y’amazi y’itongo (Igihe urugo rwawe rumanuka)¶

Niba umugende w’amazi wo mw’ibarabara ryawe, inzira y’imodoka, canke urugo rwawe rutemba hasi y’urugero rw’amazi ari mw’iriba ry’idirisha: 1. Fata umuyoboro w’itongo ufise uburebure bwa metero 7,5 gushika ku metero 25 gushika ku metero 50. 2. Prime siphon mu masegonda 15 utanyonye amazi y’ibitovu mu kanwa: - Ushire impera y’igitsina gore ku nzira yawe yo hanze, ushire impera yuguruye ku ntumbero yo hasi cane y’inzira yawe y’imodoka/ikigo giteye igomwe, hanyuma uhindure uruzitiro rw’amazi mu masegonda 20 gushika amazi akomeye asohotse ata bihuha vy’umuyaga. - Kink iyo hose neza hafi y’uruzitiro, uyifungure mu gihe uguma uyipfutse, ushire iyo mpera mu mfuruka y’idirisha ryuzuye amazi (ugereranijwe n’urutare), hanyuma urekure iyo kink. - Canke rero, ushire iyo nzira y’amazi izunguruka imbere mw’iriba ryuzuye amazi gushika ibibumbano vy’umuyaga bivuye, ufunge impera imwe n’urukumu rwawe, ukure iyo mpera umanuka munsi y’imbere y’iriba, hanyuma uyirekure.

Intambwe ya 3: Gufungura umuyoboro w’amazi w’amabuye canke umuyoboro w’amazi utavunitse ikirahuri¶

Amazi amaze kumanuka bihagije kugira ngo ashike ibwina: 1. Shika mu buryo buhagaze mu hagati canke hanze y’iriba ry’idirisha (nibura sentimetero 25 / inches 10 uvuye ku kiyo) ukoresheje igikoresho co gutera ivyatsi, igikoresho co gutera ivyatsi, canke ibiganza bifise amaganzu uvuye hanze. 2. Kura umukeka w’amababi atose, imifuko y’impuzu, n’ivu ry’ivu ryicaye ku rutare. 3. Iyo iriba rifise igipfukisho c’uruzitiro rw’ipulasitike c’imilimetero 100 (inci 4) ku rutare, gukuraho amababi ku ruzitiro (canke gukuraho uruzitiro rwazibiye mu gihe gito n’igikoresho kirekire) akenshi bituma amazi asigaye agendagenda mu muyoboro w’amazi mu masegonda 10. (Subizamwo igipfukisho c'uruzitiro ubwo nyene inyuma y'aho kugira ngo amabuye y'agaciro ntayoge mu muyoboro w'amazi.)

Uburyo bwo kwirinda ubudasiba: Guhindura neza amariba y’amadirisha kugira ngo ntasubire gusesa¶

Inyuma y’aho igihuhusi kirangiriye, fata izi ngingo zine z’ubuhinga zihoraho kugira ngo amariba yawe y’idirisha yo munsi y’ubutaka ntasubire guhinduka ibirahuri bimenagura amazi:

1. Imba amabuye y'agaciro, ushire inkoni ku muyoboro, wongereko "Atrium" Grate:
2. Imba amabuye yo hejuru sentimetero 15 gushika kuri 20 (inci 6 gushika kuri 8) y’amabuye y’agaciro yanyozwe n’ivu mw’iriba rimwe rimwe maze uyajugunye.
3. Tora ahantu hahagaze 100-millimeter (4-inch) pipe y’amazi maze uyishiremwo umuyoboro kugira ngo ugenzure ko isohoka mu mwobo wawe wo mu nzu. Nimba iriba ritagira umuyoboro w’amazi, fungura umwobo w’iminota 100 gushika ku gitanda c’amabuye y’agaciro canke ushiremwo ipompa y’iriba ry’idirisha ry’idirisha ry’igitutu mu gihe c’ibihuhusi.
4. Rambura umuyoboro wa PVC w’iminota 100 kugira ngo hejuru yawo yicare sentimetero 5 (inci 2) hejuru y’aho uherutse kwozwa 19-mm (3/4-inch) ibuye ry'agaciro, hanyuma ukaripfuka igipfukisho c'amazi gifise uturongo "Atrium / Beehive" kizingirijwe mu mpuzu y'iyunguruzo y'impuzu kugira ngo amazi atembe mu binogo vyaduzwe naho amababi yoba atwikira amabuye y'agaciro.
5. Shiraho ibipfukisho vy'amariba y'idirisha vy'ipolycarbonate (bihuye n'ivyo gusohoka):
6. Fuka idirisha ryose neza n’igipfukisho c’ibara ry’agahama (Lexan) canke igipfukisho c’ibara ry’agahama gishizwe ku ruhande rw’inyuma maze kigashirwa ku ruhande rw’icuma.
7. Itegeko ry’Igihugu ry’Ugusohoka kw’Umuriro: Mu gice ca IRC R310.4.4, igipfukisho cose kiri hejuru y’iriba ry’ugusohoka kw’idirisha ry’icumba** gikenewe gishobora gufungurwa imbere ata mfunguruzo, ibikoresho, canke ubumenyi budasanzwe kugira ngo umwana canke umuzimyamuriro ashobore kugisunika kigafunguka mu gihe c’umuriro. Ntukigere ufunga igipfukisho co gusohoka.
8. Suzuma uburebure bw'iriba ry'idirisha ry'icuma (Nibura cm 5 gushika kuri 8 / 2 gushika kuri 3 Inches Hejuru y'Ikigero):
9. Raba neza ko umunwa wo hejuru w’iriba ry’icuma utera nibura amasentimetero 5 gushika ku 8 (inci 2 gushika ku 3) hejuru y’ubutaka canke ivyatsi bikikije, hanyuma ushire urugero rw’ubutaka kugira ngo buterere kure y’inzu ku 5 kw’ijana (15 cm drop over 3 meters / 6 inches over 10 feet). Bolt ku impeta yo kwagura uburebure nimba urugo rwashitse hejuru y’uruzitiro.
10. Kuvugurura amadirisho yo munsi y'ubutaka afise uruzitiro rumwe kugira ngo abe amadirisho y'ibirahuri canke amadirisho y'isohoka:
11. Ku madirisha mato mato y'ibikoresho (80 cm x 40 cm), gusubirira ibipande vy’ibiti biboze vy’uruzitiro rumwe n’ibipande vy’ibirahuri vy’ibirahuri vy’ibitoke** vy’ivu, birongereza inkomezi z’uguturika kw’amazi incuro zirenga icumi.
12. Ku madirisha yo mu cumba co kuraramwo, subirizaho amadirisho y’ibarabara rimwe n’amadirisho y’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara** (minimum 0.53 square meters / 5.7 square feet net clear opening).

Inomero z'ivyihutirwa zo mu karere n'amategeko y'ibigo¶

Amazi y’imvura menshi, ingorane zo gusenyuka kw’inzu yo munsi y’ubutaka, n’imirongo ngenderwako y’ugupompa vyihutirwa biratandukanye hakurikijwe igihugu:

• Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Canada:
• Ivyihutirwa vyo gukingira ubuzima: Hamagara 911 ubwo nyene iyo idirisha ryo mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka ripfutse mu gihe abantu bafunzwe hasi, iyo amazi y’umwuzure ashitse ku gipande c’umuyagankuba canke ku gikoresho co gucana gazi, canke iyo uruhome rw’umushinge rupfukamye ruja imbere.
• Itegeko ry’inyubako n’iry’ugusohoka: Gengwa n’Itegeko mpuzamakungu ry’uburaro (IRC Igice ca R310) muri U.S. na Itegeko ry’Igihugu ry’Inyubako ryo muri Canada (NBC Igice ca 9.9.10) muri Canada. Amariba y’idirisha ari kure cane kuruta 1,100 mm (44 inches) muri U.S. ategerezwa kuba afise ingazi yo guhunga ifashe ubudasiba.
• Impanuro ku bijanye n’umwuzure: Raba igitabu ca FEMA Gukingira inzu yawe n’itunga ryawe ivyago vy’umwuzure (FEMA P-805) na Umutekano wa bose wo muri Canada.
• Ubwami bw'Ubwongereza:
• Ivyihutirwa vy’Ubuzima: Hamagara 999 (canke 112) kugira ngo ubone imfashanyo y’Ishirahamwe ry’Umuriro n’Ubutabazi iyo umwuzure wo mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka utera ubwoba ubuzima canke ugushikama kw’inyubako.
• Guca amashanyarazi / DNO Isolation: Hamagara 105 iyo amazi yegereye Igice c’umuyagankuba w’umukoresha w’uruja n’uruza (DNO) kiri mu nzu yo munsi y’ububiko.
• Umurongo w'umwuzure: Hamagara Ikigo c'ibidukikije Umurongo w'umwuzure (0345 988 1188) mu Bwongereza, Igihugu ca Pays de Galles (0300 065 3000), canke SEPA (0345 988 1188) muri Ekose. UK gukingira amazi mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka bikurikira BS 8102.
• Ubumwe bw'Uburayi:
• Ugutabara vyihutirwa: Hamagara 112 mu bihugu vyose bigize Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi (harimwo THW Technisches Hilfswerk biciye ku nzira y’umuriro mu Budagi).
• Imburi ikomeye ku bibanza vyo mu Buraya (Keller): Mu gihe c’imyuzure y’i Buraya, abantu amajana n’amajana barapfuye igihe abaturage binjira mu bibanza vyo munsi y’ubutaka kugira ngo basuzume amadirisho nk’uko nyene bigenda ku binogo vy’amatara vyo hanze (Lichtschächte) canke inzugi zafuha imbere mu gihe c’inguvu z’amazi, zigafatanya inzugi zo munsi y’ubutaka zizunguruka zija imbere zigafunga ku ngazi. Ntukigere winjira mu nzu yo munsi y'ubutaka mu gihe c'imburi y'umwuzure.
• Ostraliya na Nouvelle-Zélande:
• Ivyihutirwa bishobora gutera ubuzima: Hamagara kuri 000 muri Australiya canke 111 muri Nouvelle-Zélande.
• Ifashanyo y’Igihuhusi n’Imwuzure: Ku bijanye n’ivyago vy’igihuhusi bitari mu kaga canke gutera umusenyi muri Australiya, hamagara Ishirahamwe ry’Igihugu ry’Ivyihutirwa (SES) kuri 132 500. Ivyagezwe vy’amazi y’imvura bikurikiza Itegeko ry’Igihugu ryerekeye Ubwubatsi (NCC) na AS/NZS 3500.3.
• Ubuhinde na Aziya-Pasifike:
• Inomero z’Ivyihutirwa: Hamagara 112 mu Buhindi (canke 1070 / 1077 ku vyumba vy’umwuzure vy’Igihugu gicungera Ivyago); 119 mu Buyapani no muri Koreya y’Epfo; 995 muri Singapuru.
• Igice co munsi y'ubutaka (Banjiha) Ivyago: Mu bisagara vyinshi vy’abantu benshi (nk’i Seoul iri mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka Banjiha amazu, ibibanza vyo munsi y’ubutaka vyo muri Tokyo, n’ibibanza vyo munsi y’ubutaka vyo muri Mumbai), imvura y’umuyaga canke y’igihuhusi (100+ mm/hour) yihuta gutera amazi amadirisho ari ku rugero rw’ibarabara. Hunga mu bibanza vyo hejuru IMBERE y’uko amazi ashika kuri cm 30 (12 inches) ku muryango wawe wo kwinjiramwo, kuko 40 cm (16 inches) z’inguvu z’amazi yo hanze zituma urugi rw’icuma ruzunguruka hanze rudashobora gusunikwa.

Ibibazo bikunda kubazwa¶

Ni kuki iriba ryanje ryo munsi y’ubutaka ryuzuye amazi bukwi na bukwi uno musi kandi ritarigeze riseseka mu myaka 10 iheze?¶

Iriba ry’idirisha riguma ryumye imyaka cumi rikazura bukwi na bukwi mu gihe c’igihuhusi kimwe hafi y’igihe cose rishikirwa n’amababi aboze be n’ivu ry’ivu rigira ivu ridashobora guterwa n’amazi hejuru y’amabuye y’agaciro ari hasi y’iriba, rikaba rifatanye n’ikintu co hejuru nk’iriba ryuzuye amababi ry’igisenge c’iriba riseseka. N’umugende w’amazi wo mu Bufaransa ugaragara neza wo munsi y’ubutaka ntushobora kuguma uriko uragenda iyo amazi asohoka mu gisenge ari litiro 80 (amagaloni 21) ku munota avuye ku bisenge vy’amazu akaja mw’iriba; guhindura amazi y’uruzi n’igipande c’ibiti vy’amabuye vy’agaciro no gukuraho amababi ku nzira y’amazi y’amabuye y’agaciro, akenshi birahagarika umwuzure mu minota mikeyi.

Mbega biratekanye gumena canke gufungura idirisha ryo munsi y'ubutaka gatoyi kugira ngo "ureke umukazo mutoyi" imbere y'uko ikirahuri gimenagurika?¶

Oya, ntukigere ufungura, ufungura canke umenagura idirisha ryo mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka rifata amazi ahagaze mw’iriba ryo hanze. Igihe nyene urekuye urufunguruzo ku idirisha ry’ibarabara canke ry’ibarabara ry’imbere, amajana y’ibilo vy’umuvuduko w’amazi azotera cane iyo mpuzu ku biganza vyawe no ku maso yawe, bigatuma amazi n’amazi asohoka mu rugo agera kuri litiro 500 gushika ku 1.500 biva hasi mu nzu yawe yo munsi y’ubutaka no ku bibanza vy’amashanyarazi. Imisi yose usige idirisha ryugarijwe, uve mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka, hanyuma ugende hanze kugira ngo ushire amazi mu iriba ry’inyuma, ushiremwo amazi, canke ushiremwo amazi y’inyuma uvuye hejuru y’urugero.

Nomenya gute ko amazi yo mw’iriba ryanje ry’idirisha ava mw’ijuru/mu rugo canke asubira inyuma ava munsi biciye mu muyoboro w’amazi?¶

Genda hanze ufise itara maze usuzume neza urubibi rwo hejuru rw’idirisha n’umugende wo hejuru mu gihe imvura iriko iragwa. Iyo amazi ariko arasuka ku ruhande rw’umugende, apfutse avuye ku nzira y’amazi imanuka idafatanye, canke ariko ariruka ajabuka ubusitani hejuru y’uruzitiro rw’icuma, aba ariko araza avuye hejuru kandi arashobora guhagarikwa n’urubaho rw’ibiti rwitwa plyply be n’ibindi bikoresho vyo gukura amazi. Ku rundi ruhande, iyo upfutse iriba ryose n’igitambaro, ugakuramwo litiro 80 (amagaloni 20) ukoresheje indobo, maze ukaraba amazi y’ibitovu asubira hejuru ava mu mabuye avuye hasi, umugende wawe wo munsi y’ubutaka (umugende w’amazi w’igifaransa) urashigikirwa kubera ko ipompo yawe yo mu nzu yananiwe canke itakaje ubushobozi.

Mbega vy’ukuri igipfukisho c’iriba c’idirisha c’ipulasitike gitomoye coshobora guhagarika iriba ry’idirisha ryo mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka ngo ntirirenge amazi mu gihe c’imvura nyinshi cane?¶

Igipfukisho c’iriba c’idirisha c’ivyuma vyitwa polycarbonate gihagarika imvura itaziguye 100 kw’ijana, amazi aseseka atera mu gisenge c’amazi, be n’amababi aseseka ngo ntiyinjire hejuru y’iriba, ivyo bikaba bikuraho umuzi w’imyuzure irenga 80 kw’ijana y’amazi y’idirisha. Ariko rero, igipfukisho co hejuru ntikizohagarika amazi yo hejuru amanuka mu misozi ajabuka ubusitani bufise urugero rubi maze akanyegeza munsi y’uruzitiro rw’icuma, canke amazi yo mu butaka asubira inyuma avuye munsi biciye mu nzira y’amazi y’ibirenge yazibiye igihe ipompo y’amazi y’amazi idakora neza. Gufatanya igipfukisho ca polycarbonate giteye igomwe n’ubutaka bwiza n’ipompa y’amazi y’inyuma y’amabateri.

Nokora iki nimba iriba ry’idirisha ry’icuma ry’amabuye ubwaryo rikwegera kure y’uruhome rw’umushinge rwa beton?¶

Amariba y’amadirisho y’ivyuma vy’amabuye y’agaciro afatwa ku ruhome rw’umushinge rwa beton akoresheje amabuye y’agaciro ku mpande zibiri zihagaze. Iyo ubutaka bw’ibumba buri hafi y’iriba burengewe n’amazi (canke bukakonja mu rushana), buratera umukazo w’imbere mu gihugu ushobora gutabura ikinogo c’amasentimetero 5 gushika kuri 15 kiri hagati y’iriba ry’icuma n’uruhome. Mu gihe c’igihuhusi, ushire imifuko y’ibikoresho vy’impuzu yuzuye ivu canke ibitambaro vy’impuzu bitose mu kinogo co hanze hanyuma uyipfuke n’igitambaro; iyo amaze kwuma, ucukure inyuma y’iriba ry’icuma, wongere ushire amabuye y’agaciro mu beton ukoresheje amananga y’icuma kitagira ibara n’ivyuma vy’ivyuma bita polyurethane, hanyuma ushiremwo amabuye yajanjaguwe.

Ni kubera iki ari akaga cane kumanuka mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka mu gihe c’umwuzure w’amazi mu Buraya canke mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka (Banjiha) mu gihe c’imvura nyinshi?¶

Iyo amazi y’umwuzure aduze hanze y’inyubakwa, imitego ibiri yica y’amazi irashika imbere mu bibanza vyo munsi y’ubutaka mu masegonda makeyi. Ica mbere, iyo idirisha ryo mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka ripfutse kubera umukazo w’amazi, amazi aca yiruka amanuka ku ngazi zo mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka; iyo urugi ruri hasi y’ingazi ruzungurutse ruja imbere, amazi afise amasentimetero 40 gushika kuri 50 gusa arakoresha inguvu zirenga ibiro 150, agafunga urugi kugira ngo ntihagire umuntu ashobora kurufungura kugira ngo ntirugere rugenda. Ubwa kabiri, mu masegonda 30 gushika ku 60 idirisha rivuye, amazi y’umwuzure arashobora kuduga gushika ku gisenge c’imbere mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka iri hasi, agatuma abayibamwo baguma mu kibanza gifise amashanyarazi ata co bashobora guhunga.

Inyobora zifitaniye isano¶

• Inzu yo munsi y'ubutaka yarengewe n'amazi: ingorane z'umuyagankuba, gusenyuka kw'ipompa y'amazi, n'amategeko yo gupompa
• Idirisha ryavunitse: gusukura ibirahuri, gukingira ikirere, no gutera ibiti
• Gusenyuka kw'igisenge, uruhome rwumye rwuzuye amazi, n'ivyago vyo gusenyuka kw'ivu
• Amashanyarazi arazima: umutekano wa jeneratore, gusubiza inyuma ipompa y'amazi, no kuzigama ibifungurwa
• Ububiko bw'inomero z'ivyihutirwa

Amasoko n'ubuyobozi buzwi¶

• Ikigo ca Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kijejwe gucungera ibihe vyihutirwa (FEMA): FEMA P-805: Gukingira inzu yawe n'itunga ryawe ivyago vy'umwuzure (Ivyo gukura amazi mu iriba ry'amadirisha, ibipfukisho, n'imizigo y'umwuzure w'amazi) na *FEMA P-259: Ingingo ngenderwako n'imigenzo y'ubuhinga bwo gusubizaho amenyo.
• Inama Mpuzamakungu y'Itegeko (ICC): *Itegeko Mpuzamakungu ry'Uburaro (IRC) Igice ca R310: Ivyuma vyo guhunga no gutabara abantu mu gihe c'ivyago, Amariba y'amadirisho (R310.2.3), Amazi y'amazi (R310.2.3.2), n'Imirongo, Amabarabara, Ibipfukisho n'Ibipfukisho (R40.3.
• Ishirahamwe ry'igihugu ry'ugukingira umuriro (NFPA) & Ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu ry'umutekano w'amashanyarazi (ESFI): Umutekano w'amashanyarazi mu gihe c'umwuzure n'ivyago vy'ibikoresho vyo mu nzu yo munsi y'amazi.
• Ikigo ca Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kijejwe gufasha mu vy'ubuhinga (THW / Bundesamt für Bevölkerungsschutz and Castrophenhilfe - BBK): *Amasezerano yo gukira imvura nyinshi n'umwuzure wo mu nzu yo munsi y'ubutaka (Ikigo c'inyenyeri n'ubuhinga: Ivyiyumviro vy'ubuhinga n'ivy'ubuhinga)
• Ikigo co kugabanya ibihombo biterwa n’ivyago (ICLR - Canada): Ivyiyumviro vyo gupima urugero rw’itongo, guca amazi asohoka, n’ingingo ngenderwako zo gukura amazi mu iriba ry’idirisha kugira ngo umuntu ashobore kwirinda umwuzure wo munsi y’ubutaka.