Ukwitegurira Ivyihutirwa ku Miryango y’Ibipfamatwi, Impumyi n’Impumyi: Inkengeri zikoreshwa n’Imirongo n’Ikarata zikora ku Mubiri¶

Iyo habaye umuriro mu nzu mw’ijoro, imburi y’igihuhusi, umutingito canke itegeko ryo guhunga bukwi na bukwi, ibikoresho bimenyerewe bimenyesha umwotsi w’amajwi be n’amakuru y’ivyihutirwa akoreshwa n’ijwi gusa akenshi birananirwa imiryango ifise abagize umuryango w’Abatumva, abatumva nabi, impumyi canke ababona nabi. Umuntu amaze gukuraho ibikoresho vyiwe vyo kwumva canke ibikoresho vy’amajwi vyo mu matwi kugira ngo asinzire, inkengeri z’umwotsi zisanzwe zifise agaciro k’amadolari 3.100\text{ Hz}$ zica zica hafi zidashoboka kwumva, zikaba zisaba ko zifatanya 177-candela high-intensity xenon canke LED strobe bed-shakers, na \(520\text{ Hz}\) inkengeri z’amajwi y’umuvuduko w’incuro ntoyi kugira ngo zivyure abasinziriye mu gihe co guhunga. Muri ico gihe nyene, abatuye mu nzu bafise impumyi kandi batabona neza barashikirwa n’amahinduka atera ubwoba igihe uruhome rwumye rwaguye, ibirahuri vy’idirisha vyamenetse canke amazi y’umwuzure bipfuka ibimenyetso vy’aho hantu bimenyerewe maze bikapfuka ibimenyetso vy’ijwi, bikaba bitera ubwoba uwubifata be n’ibirenge vy’imbwa yabo. Kwinjiza ibikoresho vy'imburi bishobora gushikirwa n'ibimenyetso mu bikoresho vyawe umugambi wo guhunga umuriro mu rugo, ukabifatanya n'ivyawe ubumuga n'ibikoresho vy'ubuvuzi kandi ibikoko vyo mu nzu mu bikoresho vyihutirwa, no kwiyandikisha imbere y'igihe kugira ngo ushobore kuronka inomero z'ivyihutirwa (911 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Canada, 112 mu bihugu vyose vy’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi, 999 mu Bwongereza) birinda umuntu wese wo mu rugo rwawe.

Ivyo ubikore ubu¶

1. Shiraho inkengeri z’umwotsi zihuye \(520\text{ Hz}\) zikoreshwa incuro nto, inkengeri z’amatara 177, n’inkengeri z’igitanda ziri munsi y’umusego mu cumba cose c’uburaro mw’ijoro. Inkengeri z’umwotsi zisanzwe zitanga ijwi ry’agaciro kanini \(3,100\text no-text canke abantu abafise ugutakaza ugutahura kw’incuro nyinshi ntibashobora kwumva iyo ibikoresho vyabo vyo kwumva bimaze kuba ku meza y’ijoro. Gushiramwo UL 1971 / NFPA 72 yubahiriza **177-candela strobes zica ibibatsi** zifatanye n'**igikoresho co gukingira igitanda co munsi y'amaterasi gifise umurongo canke kitagira umurongo** ku bantu basinzira cane ari ibipfamatwi, na **\)520\a-text{ Hz}$ **freency haqu-rd-ms-low-low abasinziriye.
2. Shira igitanda gikomeye cane gifatanye n’igitanda cawe kugira ngo ufate ibikoresho vyo kwumva, ibikoresho vyo kwumva, amataratara, n’inkoni zera. Ntukigere usiga ibikoresho vyawe vyo kwumva, ibikoresho vyo gutera amatwi, canke amataratara yo kwandikirwa hejuru y’igitanda co kuryamako. Mu gihe c’umutingito canke mu gihe c’ubwoba mw’ijoro, ibintu bipfutse birakubita hasi maze bikajanjagurwa mu mwiza. Fata umufuko wa Velcro canke w’impuzu ushire ku mutwe w’igitanda canke ku gicapo c’amaterasi kugira ngo ushobore gufata ibikoresho vyawe vy’ugutahura mu masegonda abiri imbere y’uko ibirenge vyawe bikora hasi.
3. Ibanza kwandikisha telefone yawe ngendanwa ku bijanye n’ubutumwa bw’ivyihutirwa / Ubutumwa-ku-911 / Ubutumwa-ku-999 / 112 Ubutumwa bw’igihe nyaco (RTT) uno musi. Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Canada, fungura Ubutumwa bw’igihe nyaco (RTT) mu mitunganyirize ya telefone yawe ngendanwa maze usuzume nimba ubutumwa**patch-1 Mu Bwongereza, utegerezwa kwandika imbere y’igihe inomero yawe ya telefone ngendanwa imbere y’uko haba ikintu gikomeye mu kwandika ijambo . register ku 999 rero urashobora guhamagara abapolisi, abazimya umuriro canke ambulance ukoresheje SMS utavuze.
4. Pakira inkweto zine z’imbwa zifise inkweto z’imipira n’umugozi ukomeye wo guhunga mu musaho w’imbwa yawe. Inyuma y’umutingito, igihuhusi, canke igisasu, inzira z’abagenda ku maguru n’amabarabara y’amaguru birapfukwa n’ibirahuri bikomeye nk’inzobe, ivyuma vy’inzu n’ivyuma vy’inzu. Umutsi umwe w’amaguru ucitse uca uca utuma imbwa yawe irongora idakora; n’umenyereze imbwa yawe ubu kugenda neza mu inkweto z’imbwa z’imipira zishobora gukoreshwa mu bibanza vyose kandi utware urukero rwera rwo gupfuka rwo mu gihe imbwa yawe yoba yakomeretse canke ihagaritswe umutima n’amajwi y’imbwa.
5. Shira umuco w’izuba (uwukayangana mu mwiza) n’umugozi ushobora gukora ku mubiri ku bipande vy’imbere, ku ngazi, no ku bikoresho vyo gufunga. Ku mpumyi, ababona nabi, canke abatumva-impumyi, shira ikimenyetso ku nzira ya mbere n’iya kabiri yo guhunga iri ku ruhande-90 cm / 36 inches) no ku ruhande rw’urubaho rwo hasi ukoresheje uruzitiro rwa 3M rufise ubudasa bwinshi kandi rukora ku mubiri, hanyuma umanike Ibimenyetso vy’abahumye n’ivy’amabara manini ku gipfukisho cawe nyamukuru co gufunga amazi, ku gipimo ca gazi, no ku bikoresho vy’uguca umuyagankuba.
6. Pakira urubaho rwo guhanahana amakuru rw’impapuro n’ibikoresho vy’imisi 14 vy’amabateri y’umuyaga w’ingero 10, 312, 13, canke 675 (ushizemwo banki yo gushaja USB). Mu nzu y’uburaro y’ivyihutirwa ivuga cane kandi irimwo akajagari aho abasemuzi bataboneka kandi n’imirongo y’itumanaho y’amatelefone ngendanwa idashobora guterwa n’amazi. mode, Ururimi rw’Ibimenyetso rw’Abanyamerika / BSL rukeneye, imiti, n’ivyo umuntu akunda mu bimenyetso bikora ku mubiri) birabuza guhanahana amakuru nabi mu vy’ubuvuzi biteye akaga.

Igiti c'ingingo: Imburi y'ivyihutirwa ishobora gushikwako n'uguhunga¶

Koresha iki giti c’ingingo kugira ngo utunganye ibikoresho vyo kugabisha ubuzima bwo mu nzu yawe maze ukore igikorwa co gukura abantu mu nzu ata nkomanzi mu gihe c’umuriro, igihuhusi gikomeye canke umutingito.

flowchart TD
    Start["Ukwitegura ivyihutirwa vyo mu rugo n'igenzura ry'imburi"] --> SensoryProfile{"Ni ibihe bimenyetso vy’impwemu biba mu rugo?"}

    SensoryProfile -->|"1. Uwushobora kwumva nabi (Akoresha ibikoresho vyo kwumva ku murango, akabikuramwo mw’ijoro)"| HoHSetup["GUSHIRAHO INKURU ZO MUTO + ZO GUKORA:; 1. 520 Hz Ivyuma vy’Umwotsi & CO vy’Incuro Nto vy’Umuvumba w’Ibarabara mu vyumba vyose vyo kuraramwo; 2. Igikoresho co gutera igitanda co munsi y’umusego + 177-Candela Strobe; 3. Igikapu c'igitanda gifise ibikoresho vyo kwumva + imisi 14 y'amabateri ya Zinc-Air"]

    SensoryProfile -->|"2. Igipfamatwi canke Igipfamatwi gikomeye (ASL / BSL / Umumenyeshamakuru abona)"| DeafSetup["GUSHIRAHO IVYO UBONA + IVYO GUNYUNGANYA:; 1. Amatara y’umuyagankuba 177-Candela Strobe mu vyumba vyo kuraramwo, mu bwogero no mu bibanza vyo kubamwo; 2. Ikiraro c’ubwenge / Radiyo y’Ikirere ya NOAA ifise igikoresho co gutera umusego (Pillow Shaker jack) ku bijanye n’imburi z’Igihuhusi/Imwuzure; 3. Gukoresha telefone ngendanwa RTT + Imbere y’uko wiyandikisha Umwandiko-ku-911 / Umwandiko-ku-999; 4. Gupakira Igipande c'Itumatumanaho + Itara ry'imbere ryo gusinya mu mwijima"]

    SensoryProfile -->|"3. Impumyi canke Uwubona Hasi (Uwukoresha Urubingo canke Uwurongora Imbwa)"| BlindSetup["GUSHIRAHO IJWI + UKURONDERA INZIRA YO GUKORA + UBURINZI BW'IMBWA Y'IYOBOZI:; 1. Ijwi-Imenyesha Umwotsi/CO Inkengeri (‘Umuriro mu Gikoni’ vs generic beep); 2. Ivyandiko vy’inyandiko y’impumyi (Tactile / Braille) vyerekanwa ku gasandugu k’ivyuma, amazi yo gufunga n’ivyo kurya vyihutirwa; 3. Pakira inkoni 2 z’umweru zishobora gupfungwa + 4 z’imipira y’imbwa + ivyokurya vy’imbwa vy’imisi 14"]

    SensoryProfile -->|"4. Impumyi-Impumyi (Ugutakaza Ivyiyumviro Bibiri)"| DeafBlindSetup["GUSHIRAHO IVYO GUKORA-MBERE GUBURISHA & GUKORA GO-BAG:; 1. Igikoresho co gutera igitanda gifise amashanyarazi/ata amashanyarazi + Igikoresho co gutera ku kiganza co kwambara gifatanye n’umwotsi, CO, Inkengeri y’umuryango & Radiyo ya NOAA; 2. Umugozi ukora ku mubiri/umurongo w’uburongozi kuva ku gitanda gushika ku muryango w’isohoka w’intango; 3. Ikarata y’amabwirizwa yo kwandika n’ibiganza y’abapfamatwi n’impumyi icapwe imbere y’igihe ku bazobanza gutabara"]

    HoHSetup --> Drill["Kwiruka mw'ijoro amaso yugaye / imyimenyerezo yo guhunga ata n'umwe afashijwe incuro zibiri mu mwaka"]
    DeafSetup --> Drill
    BlindSetup --> Drill
    DeafBlindSetup --> Drill

Igice ca 1: Umuriro w’ubuhinga, umwuka w’ikirere, n’imburi z’ikirere ku Bipfamatwi n’abasinziriye nabi¶

Mu muriro wo mu nzu wo muri iki gihe, amafu y’ibikoresho vy’imbere mu nzu akozwe mu bihimba vy’umubiri atanga umwotsi w’ubumara w’ihydrogène cyanide na carbone monoxide ugabanya igihe co guhunga kikaja iminota itarenga 2 canke 3 kuva igihe inkengeri ya mbere y’umwotsi ivuga. Iyo umuntu w’Igipfamatwi canke uwutumva nabi aba mu nzu y’amagorofa abiri maze umuriro ugatangura mu gikoni co hasi isaha zibiri z’ijoro, umuriro wo mu cumba c’uburaro wigenga ukora gusa iyo umwotsi ushitse ku mubiri mu cumba c’igorofa ya kabiri, ni umutego w’urupfu.

1. Kubera iki Wireless RF canke Hardwired Guhuza ari ngombwa¶

Igikoresho cose co gukangura umwotsi n’igikoresho cose co kumenya umwotsi w’ikirere (CO) kiri mu nzu yawe bitegerezwa kuba bifatanye (vyaba biciye ku 120V/230V intsinga y'ingendo y'inyubako canke UL-listed 915 MHz / 868 MHz wireless radio-frequency [RF] mesh network) kugira ngo iyo inkengeri imwe yumvise umwotsi mu nzu yo munsi y’ubutaka canke mu gikoni, itara ryose ry’umuriro n’igikoresho co guhungabanya igitanda mu cumba cose bica umuriro icarimwe mu masegonda 3.

2. Ivyerekeye ubuhinga: Strobe Candela, 520 Hz Imiraba y’Ibarabara, n’Ivyuma Bitera Igitanda¶

Igihe ugura umwotsi, umuyagankuba, n’ibikoresho vyo kugabisha ibihe bikomeye, suzuma ko ivyo bikoresho bihuye n’ivyo NFPA 72 (Itegeko ry’Igihugu ryerekeye Inkengeri n’Ibimenyetso vy’Umuriro), UL 1971, na BS 5446-3 (Itegeko ry’Ubwongereza:)

Igice ca 2: Ugukomeza kw’ububasha bw’ibikoresho vyo kwumva, ibikoresho vyo gutera amatwi, n’ibikoresho vyo gufasha¶

Mu gihe c’imisi 7 gushika kuri 14 y’aho umuyagankuba uhagaze inyuma y’igihuhusi, igihuhusi c’urubura canke umutingito, gutakaza ububasha ku bikoresho vyawe vyo kwumva canke ku bikoresho vy’ugutega amajwi bigutandukanya n’abagize umuryango, amatangazo y’ugutabara abantu, amakuru y’ivy’uburaro, n’ugusenyuka kw’inyubako.

1. Ivyuma vyo kwumva bishobora gusubirwamwo umuriro n’ivyo gukoresha umuyaga witwa Zinc-Air mu gihe c’ingorane z’uguhagarara kw’umuyagankuba¶

• Ku bikoresho vyo kwumva bikoreshwa rimwe na bateri (Size 10 Umuhondo, Size 312 Inzoka, Size 13 Umuceri, canke Size 675 Ubururu):
• Bika nibura ibikoresho vy’iminsi 30 (amapaki 4 gushika ku 6) vy’amabateri mashya ya Zinc-Air mu musaho wawe udashobora guterwa n’amazi.
• **Ntukigere ukuraho ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara.
• Itegeko ry'"Uguhema" ry'amasegonda 60: Iyo ukuyeho urupapuro rwa bateri nshasha y'umuyaga wa zinc mu gihe c'ivyihutirwa, reka bateri yicare mu kirere amasegonda 60 yuzuye imbere yo gufunga urugi rwa bateri ku gikoresho cawe co kwumva canke ku gikoresho co gukoresha amajwi. Ivyo bituma umwuka w’ikirere (oxygène) ushobora kwuzura neza anode ya zinc, ivyo bikaba bituma igihe bateri imara kigera kuri 15% gushika kuri 20%.
• Ku bikoresho vyo kwumva bishobora gusubirwamwo:
• Imisi yose ugure ikigereranyo c’igisandugu co gushaja gifise banki y’amabateri yubatswemwo (ishobora gufata amabateri 3 gushika kuri 4 yuzuye ataco ushize mu ruhome), hanyuma uyifatanye n’ibanki y’amashanyarazi ya USB 10.000 mAh** yihariye ibitswe gusa mu musaho wawe wo gutwara.
• Ku bakoresha ivyuma bitera amajwi (Inyuma y'ugutwi canke hanze y'ugutwi):
• Saba umuganga wawe w’amatwi Igikoresho co gukoresha amabateri (AA canke Zinc-Air 675 adapter) gifata ku gikoresho cawe co gukoresha amajwi mu kibanza c’igikoresho cawe co gukoresha amabateri ya litiyumu gishobora gusubirwamwo. Mu gihe c’ivyago bimara igihe kirekire ata muyagankuba, gushiramwo amabateri abiri asanzwe 675 Implant-Plus zinc-air mu gitereko co gukoresha rimwe gusa, biratuma umuntu asubira kwumva mu masegonda 10 ata co asabwa gucagura.
• Pakira umurongo w’inyuma w’inyuma n’umugozi w’amabuye y’agaciro mu gafuko kawe: umugozi mutoyi uhuza umurongo w’inyuma w’ugutwi n’umurongo w’amabuye y’agaciro wo mu mutwe ni co gice c’ibikoresho gisanzwe co gufata mu gihe umuntu ariko arahunga afise umubabaro.

2. Gukingira ubukonje kure y’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none vyumva mu gihe c’umwuzure n’ibihuhusi¶

Icuya, imvura nyinshi, n’ubukonje bw’umwuzure bica vyihuta kwonona imikoro n’ibikoresho vyo kwumva: - Pakira igikombe co kwumisha kidakoreshwa n’umuyagankuba (igikombe c’amatafari yumye / silica gel capsule) imbere mu gafuko ka Ziploc mu gafuko kawe ko kugenda. Ijoro ryose mu kibanza c’ivyihutirwa gifise ubukonje, fungura inzugi z’amabateri maze ushire ibikoresho vyawe vyo kwumva canke ibikoresho vyo kwumva imbere mu gitereko c’amazi kugira ngo ukuremwo ubukonje ata muyagankuba ukeneye.

Igice ca 3: Impumyi, Impumyi zitabona neza, n’Impumyi zitumva Ukwitegurira ivyihutirwa no gukora ikarita¶

Ku muntu ari impumyi, afise ukuntu abona nabi cane, canke ari Impumyi y’Impumyi, ubwonko bwo mu kibanza n’ugutahura amajwi birahungabana igihe nyene icago gihinduye ibidukikije: - Igituma umutingito, inkubi y’umuyaga, n’imyuzure bishobora gusenyura aho umuntu abona ibintu: Amabuye y’imbere mu nzu yamanutse, ibikoresho vy’imbere mu nzu vyahinduwe, ibirahuri vyamenetse, n’ibipfukisho vy’ibinogo vy’amazi vyuguruye bihindura inzira y’imbere canke y’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara ry’ibarabara. Muri ico gihe nyene, ugutontomera kw’imvura nyinshi, umuyaga uboroga, amasirene canke amageneratore y’iminwe, birapfuka rwose ivyiyumviro vy’amajwi biteye ubwoba bikoreshwa n’abagenzi b’impumyi kugira ngo bacire urubanza urugendo rw’uruhome be n’aho umuduga uja.

1. Gukomera mu nzu bikora ku mubiri: Gufunga ibikoresho, inzira zo guhunga, no gushirako amazina y’ibikoresho¶

Mara umusi umwe ku muhingamo ukoresheje ibimenyetso bikora ku mubiri be n’ibimenyetso bitandukanye cane mu nzu yawe: 1. Ibara-Itandukanye n'Ibikoresho Bikora: - Igikoresho co guca amashanyarazi: Shirako ibimenyetso vy’impumyi vy’amabara canke irangi ry’umuyagankuba/utudomo iruhande y’igikoresho co guca amashanyarazi** (nk’akarorero, utudomo tubiri twaduze) n’ibice bihambaye (ifuru, frigo, ibikoresho vy’ubuvuzi) kugira ngo ushobore kumenya no guhindura igikoresho co guca amashanyarazi. - Igikoresho co gufunga amazi n’igipimo ca gazi: Manika icuma kinini canke ikimenyetso c’ipulasitike gikomeye gifise uturongo dutoduto ku gikoresho cawe co gufunga amazi (raba umutingito gusanura inzu). 2. Imirongo yo gutora inzira yo guhunga: - Mu bibanza vy’amazu menshi canke mu nzu z’amagorofa menshi, ushire umurongo ukomeza w’urudodo rwo gufata rwo gufata amatara ku ruhande rw’inyuma rw’igikoresho co gufata (90 cm / 36 in uburebure), kwongerako imirongo ibiri ihagaze ihagaze ikora ku mubiri \(30\text{ sentimeters}\) (\(12\text{ inches}\)) imbere y’uko umuntu atera ingazi yose n’imirongo itatu ihagaze ku muryango wa nyuma wo gusohoka hanze. 3. Gushirako ikimenyetso ku vyo kurya, amazi n'imiti vyihutirwa: - Ibintu vyo mu bikoni vyose bimeze nk’ivyo nyene iyo ibimenyetso vy’impapuro bipfutse mu mazi y’umwuzure. Nimushire ikimenyetso ku bikoresho vy’ivyihutirwa n’amacupa y’imiti mukoresheje imipira myinshi (nk’akarorero, imipira 1 ikikuje ibibindi vy’isupu, imipira 2 ikikuje ibibindi vy’ivyamwa), Imirongo y’abahumye, Imirongo y’amajambo ya NFC/QR ikora ata murongo n’igikoresho co gusoma igicapo ca telefone yawe (VoiceOver canke TalkBack), canke n'ubushizi bw'amanga 24-point+ ibimenyetso vy’inyuguti nini vy’umwirabura ku muhondo bitandukanye cane. 4. Igihe cose ushire urubingo rwera rushobora gupfungwa iruhande y'igitanda cawe no mu modoka yawe: - Naho woba ugenda buri musi ufise imbwa y’umurongozi yigishijwe, ntiwigere wimuka ata nkoni ndende yera y’inyuma iboshe ku musaho wawe wo gutwara. Iyo imbwa yawe y’umurongozi igabanutse, ikagira umubabaro w’umwotsi wo guhumeka, canke igira ubwoba bukomeye buterwa n’imitingito y’inyuma n’amasireni, imbwa y’umurongozi ntishobora gukora ata nkomanzi; igiti cawe co gupfuka c’inyuma kiratuma uguma ushobora kwigendera wigenga.

2. Igikoresho co gukuraho imbwa zirongora: Gukingira amaguru ibirahuri, ivu n'ibisigazwa¶

Imbwa yawe y’umurongozi ni umufatanyabikorwa yigishijwe cane mu bijanye no gutembera, si inyamaswa yo mu nzu, kandi yemerewe n’amategeko imbere mu bibanza vyose vy’ubuhungiro vyihutirwa, mu modoka zitwara abarwayi, no mu gutwara abantu (mu gihe c’Itegeko ry’Abanyamerika bafise ubumuga [ADA]** muri Amerika, Itegeko ry’Uburinganire 2010 mu Bwongereza, n’amategeko mpuzamakungu). Pakira Imbwa y'umurongozi y'ivyihutirwa: - Impuzu zine zikomeye z’imbwa zifise inkweto z’imipira: Amabarabara y’inyuma y’umutingito n’inyuma y’igihuhusi yuzuye ibirahuri vy’amadirisho vyamenetse, imisumari yo gusakara, ibiti vyamenetse, n’imiti itera ububabare. Imenyereze gushiramwo inkweto ku mbwa yawe rimwe mu kwezi no kugendagenda mu nzu n’impera z’ibifungurwa z’agaciro kanini kugira ngo imbwa yawe ntikonje canke ngo igerageze kuzitagura mu gihe c’uguhunga vy’ukuri. - Ivyo kwoza amaso y’imbwa (Sterile Normal Saline) n’Umunwa w’Imbwa/Bandana: Ivu ry’umuriro w’ishamba, inkungugu y’ibihome vyumye, n’umwotsi birashavura amaso y’imbwa apfutse hasi ningoga; pakira ibitoke vy’umunyu bitagiramwo ubumara kugira ngo usukure amaso y’imbwa yawe. - Imisi 14 y’Ivyokurya vy’Imbwa vyumye canke vy’Imbwa, Amabakure ya Silikoni Ashobora Gusenyuka, n’Igiti c’Imigozi Gishobora Gusenyuka: Guhindura ibiribwa mu buryo butunguranye mu nzu y’uburaro bituma imbwa zigira umusonga w’umubabaro. Kandi ushiremwo impuzu y’imbwa y’igikorwa igaragaza umuco ifise itara ry’umuco, ivyemezo vy’incanco/ivy’indwara y’ibicurane, n’umugozi w’umuduga mutoyi + umugozi wo gukingira w’inylon wo gukingira.

Igice ca 4: Ivyiyumviro vyihutirwa bishobora gushikirwa (Ivyanditswe kuri 911, RTT, n’Ikarata y’Impumyi n’Impumyi)¶

1. Uko woshika ku vyoherezwa vyihutirwa ata jwi mu turere dukomeye¶

2. Ikarata y’Itumanaho ry’Umusubiza n’Ubuhungiro (Harimwo n’Itegeko ry’Impumyi n’Ibipfamatwi)¶

Mu gihe c’ugutabara kw’akaduruvayo iyo ama mask y’umwotsi asoma mu maso, amatara azimye, canke abaganga bambaye ama mask y’uguhumeka N95 atwikira iminwa yabo, ushire umurokozi Ikarata yawe y’Itumanaho y’Ibibona n’Ibikorako idashobora guterwa n’amazi: - Ku bantu b'ibipfamatwi / b'ibipfamatwi:

"Ndi [Igipfamatwi / Kidashobora kwumva]. Sinshobora kukwumva biciye ku gipfukisho cawe. Ndagusavye wandike amajambo kuri telefone/notebook yanje, werekane amajambo y'ingenzi kuri iri karata, canke umurikishe itara ryawe mu maso HAWE (atari mu maso yanje) kugira ngo nshobore gusoma iminwa yawe canke gushirako ikimenyetso." - Ku bantu b'ibipfamatwi n'impumyi (Itegeko ry'ugukorako / gucapura ku kiganza): "Ndi Impumyi-Impumyi (sinshobora kubona canke kwumva). Ndagusavye unkore ku rutugu buhoro buhoro incuro zibiri kugira ngo umenye ko uri hano. Kugira ngo uvugane nanje, ushire INDOME NININI imwe imwe hagati y'ikiganza canje kigutse ukoresheje urutoke rwawe rw'urutoke (S-A-F-E, F-I-R-E, G-O), canke uyobore ukuboko kwanje kugira ngo mfate urutugu rwawe hejuru y'ikiganza kugira ngo nshobore kugenda iruhande yawe." - Ibimenyetso vy'inyuma vy'ugukuraho abatumva n'impumyi: Imenyereze ibi bimenyetso vy’isi yose Emergency Touch Signals bishushanijwe ku mugongo wo hejuru hagati y’ibitugu n’urugo rwawe n’ababanyi: - "X" nini ishushanijwe inyuma: Ivyihutirwa / Muve mu nzu Ubwo nyene. - Kanda-Kanda-Kanda ku rutugu rw'ibubamfu canke rw'iburyo: Intambwe/Hindukira muri iyo nzira. - Ukuboko gukomeye gushika hasi gukanda ku rutugu: Hagarara / Inka / Intambwe Hasi.

3. Ubuhinga bwo kuyobora ababona n’ababanyi bariko barakura umuntu w’impumyi canke w’impumyi y’igipfamatwi¶

Abantu benshi bariko bararaba aho bafise intumbero nziza barakora ikosa riteye akaga ryo gufata urukero rwera rw’impumyi, bakamusunika inyuma, canke bakamukwegera imbere bamufata ku kiganza igihe bariko baramukura. Gufata urukero canke ukuboko kw’umugenzi biratuma adashobora guhagarara neza kandi akabuza kwumva ko ariko aramanuka canke ko ariko aratera ingazi: 1. Menya ko uriho mu majambo (canke ukore ku rutugu buhoro buhoro incuro zibiri nimba uri Impumyi-Impumyi) hanyuma ushikirize urutugu rwawe: Kora inyuma y’ukuboko kwawe gatoyi ku mugongo w’ukuboko kw’impumyi kugira ngo bashobore kumenya aho ukuboko kwawe kuri bitagoranye. 2. Reka impumyi ifate ukuboko kwawe hejuru y'inkokora (C-grip): Uwo mugenzi w’impumyi agenda igice c’intambwe inyuma yawe ku ruhande rwawe rw’ibubamfu canke rw’iburyo, afashe amaguru yawe yo hasi hejuru gato y’urutugu mu gihe afise urukero rwabo rwera canke umugozi w’imbwa y’umurongozi mu kindi kiganza ciwe. Kugenda inyuma igice c’intambwe bituma bumva umubiri wawe uzamuka canke ugaca ubwo nyene isegonda rimwe imbere y’uko bashika ku nzira, ku ntambwe y’ingazi canke ku nzira y’umuryango. 3. Hamagara ingazi, inzugi zitoya, n'ibibazo vyo hejuru mu buryo butomoye: - Vuga "Ingazi zimanuka, umugozi uri iburyo bwawe" hanyuma uhagarike isegonda rimwe ku mpera y'intambwe ya mbere wongere uhagarare hasi. - Igihe unyura mu muryango mutoyi canke mu mfuruka y’ibisigazwa, shire ukuboko kwawe kurongora inyuma y’umugongo wawe werekeza hagati y’umugongo wawe. Ico kimenyetso gikora ku mubiri kimenyesha uwo mpumyi ngo agutere intambwe ataco akora inyuma yawe mu dosiye imwe gushika usubije ukuboko kwawe ku ruhande rwawe.

Inomero z'ivyihutirwa zo mu karere n'amategeko y'ibigo¶

Imbere y’uko wiyandikisha n’imburi y’ivyihutirwa y’igihugu n’iy’igisagara, ivy’ugutanga amakuru, n’ivy’ubuhinga imbere y’uko haba icago:

• Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika:
• Ivyoherezwa vyihutirwa: Hamagara canke wohereze Ivyanditswe mu gihe nyaco (RTT) / SMS kuri 911. Ushobora kandi guhamagara 911 utaziguye biciye ku Igikorwa co Gutanga Amasanamu (VRS) canke IP Relay cemejwe na FCC, kigaca kirungika aderesi yawe y’ibarabara yanditswe maze kigahuza umusemuzi w’ururimi rwa ASL n’Ikibanza co Gusubizamwo Inyishu z’Umutekano wa Bose (PSAP) ca 911.
• Umurongo w'ubufasha w'abamugaye wa FEMA: Hamagara 1-800-621-3362 (Igikorwa co gutanga amasanamu / telefone ifise amajambo ashigikiwe) canke urungike ubutumwa kuri email FEMA-Disability-Integration-Coordination@fema.dhs.gov. Iyandikishe imbere y'igihe ku gisagara canke mu ntara yawe Smart911 / Igitabo c'Ibikenewe n'Ibikenewe kugira abazimya umuriro babone ibendera ry'ugurungika ryanditseko "Umupfamatwi / Impumyi aba mu cumba c'uburaro" imbere y'uko bashika i muhira iwawe.
• Kanada:
• Ivyoherezwa vyihutirwa: Hamagara 911 canke ukoreshe Inyandiko iri kumwe na 9-1-1 (T9-1-1). Zirikana ko muri Canada, abantu b’ibipfamatwi, b’ibipfamatwi-impumyi, n’abatumva nabi bategerezwa kwandika imbere y’igihe inomero zabo za telefone ngendanwa ku kigo cabo c’amatelefone ngendanwa kuri 100.00. textwith911.ca ku buryo iyo bahamagaye 911 n’ijwi, console y’uwo muntu arungika ifungura ubwo nyene igice c’ubutumwa bwa SMS. Ushobora kandi guhamagara 911 uciye kuri SRV Canada VRS mu rurimi rwa ASL canke LSQ.
• Ubwami bw'Ubwongereza:
• Ivyoherezwa vyihutirwa: Ubanze wiyandikishe Ubutumwa bwihutirwa mu kwandika ubutumwa register ku 999 uno musi. Kugira ngo ushobore gusobanura amasanamu y’ururimi rw’ibimenyetso rw’Abongereza mu gihe c’ivyihutirwa, koresha porogarama canke urubuga rwemewe rwo kuri telefone ngendanwa 999 BSL (999bsl.co.uk), canke uhamagare 18000 uciye kuri porogarama ya Relay UK.
• Utility Priority Services Register (PSR): Iyandikishe ku buntu n’uwujejwe umurongo w’amashanyarazi (mu guhamagara 105), umurongo wa gaze, n’uwutanga amazi kugira ngo urugo rwawe rumenyekane ku bijanye n’ugusuzuma ivy’abaguzi bashobora gushikirwa n’ingorane, imburi z’inyandiko zishobora guhagarara, n’amazi yo mu cupa kugira ngo ushiremwo amazi yawe.
• Ubumwe bw'Uburayi:
• Ivyoherezwa vyihutirwa: Hamagara canke wandike 112. Mu Itegeko ry’Uburaya ryerekeye Itumatumanako ry’Ikoranabuhanga (EECC), ibihugu bigize umuryango bikoresha porogarama zishobora gukoreshwa Next-Generation 112 (NG112) zifise aho GPS iri n’Inyandiko y’Igihe Nyaco (harimwo 114 biciye kuri SMS/videwo mu Bufaransa, noraRE app yemewe y’ivyihutirwa, mu Butaliyano uturere).
• Ostraliya na Nouvelle-Zélande:
• Ostraliya: Hamagara 000 (canke 106 biciye kuri TTY/telefone), canke uhamagare Ishirahamwe ry’Igihugu ry’Itangazamakuru (NRS) Ishirahamwe ry’Igihugu ry’Itangazamakuru kuri 0423 677 767 canke uciye kuri NRS Ishirahamwe ry’Itangazamakuru ry’Amasanamu (Auslan).
• Nouvelle-Zélande: Ubanze kwandikishe telefone yawe ngendanwa kuri Polisi ya Nouvelle-Zélande 111 TXT y’abatuye mu bipfamatwi n’abafise ubumuga bwo kutumva, canke uhamagare Abapfamatwi Aotearoa na Impumyi zibona neza NZ (0800 24 33 33 kisters)
• Ubuhindi na Aziya-Pasifike:
• Ubuhinde: Hamagara 112 canke ukoreshe porogarama yemewe ya 112 India mobile app, irimwo imburi ya SOS icereje umuntu akora rimwe gusa afise amakuru ya GPS ku benegihugu b’ibipfamatwi n’abafise ubumuga bwo kuvuga.
• Ubuyapani: Iyandikishe mu gisata c’umuriro c’igisagara cawe NET119 Emergency Call System, ishobora gutuma abaturage b’ibipfamatwi n’abatumva nabi bashobora guhamagara abakozi b’umuriro n’abatwara abarwayi biciye ku kiganiro co kuri telefone ngendanwa gifise inzira ya GPS yikora.

Ibibazo bikunda kubazwa¶

Ni kuki ntashobora kwizigira inkengeri canke isaha y’ubwenge iri muri telefone yanje y’amaboko kugira ngo nvyure mu gihe umuriro wo mu nzu?¶

Amatelefone ngendanwa n’amasaha y’ubwenge nta bihimba vy’umwotsi canke ivy’umuyagankuba birimwo. Keretse iyo ushizeho inkengeri z’umwotsi/CO zihuye n’ibindi bifise ikiraro c’aho hantu gitera igitanda co munsi y’umusego n’itara ry’amatara 177 ry’amatara ry’amatara ry’amatara 177 ry’amatara y’izuba, umuriro utangura mu cumba cawe uzoturika biciye ku nzira ya Wi-Fi yo mu nzu yawe n’imirongo y’amashanyarazi y’inzu yawe. Imisi yose wizigire UL 1971 / NFPA 72 ziri ku rutonde rw’inkengeri z’umwotsi zifise amabara akomeye canke zifatanye n’amajwi RF zifise amatara akoreshwa na bateri be n’ibikoresho bitera igitanda.

Ni itandukaniro irihe riri hagati y’inkengeri y’umwotsi isanzwe n’inkengeri y’umwotsi y’incuro ntoyi y’ama 520 Hz?¶

Inkengeri z’umwotsi zisanzwe zo mu nzu zitanga ijwi ry’agaciro ry’ama 3.100 Hz. Kubera ko ugutakaza ugutahura bitewe n’imyaka be n’urusaku bibanza gusenyura ugutahura kw’incuro nyinshi, abantu benshi bafise ubumuga bwo kwumva ntibashobora kwumva inkengeri y’amajwi 3.100 Hz iyo bamaze gukuraho ibikoresho vyabo vyo kwumva kugira ngo baryame. Inkengeri y’umuvuduko mutoyi w’amajwi 520 Hz itanga ijwi ryinshi kandi rivuga cane rifise amajwi menshi y’incuro ntoyi ivyura igice c’incuro ntoyi c’ugutwi kw’imbere kidakomeretse, kikavyura abantu barenga 90 kw’ijana basinziriye badashobora kwumva neza mu bigeragezo vy’ubuvuzi.

Ni gute nokwiyandikisha kuri Text-to-911 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’ubutumwa bwa EmergencySMS 999 mu Bwongereza?¶

Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika no muri Kanada, Ukwandika kuri 911 no kwandika mu gihe nyaco (RTT) ntibisaba kwiyandikisha imbere y’igihe afise urutonde rw’amakuru rwo hagati; ushobora gusa gukoresha RTT muri menu ya telefone yawe maze ukarungika ubutumwa canke ubutumwa bwa RTT kuri 911 burimwo aderesi yawe nyayo y’ibarabara n’ivyihutirwa. Ariko mu Bwongereza, UTEGEREZWA kwandika imbere y'igihe telefone yawe ngendanwa imbere y'uko haba ikintu gikomeye mu kwandika ijambo "register" kuri 999 no kwishura "egome" ku nyandiko y'ukwemeza yikora.

Mbega ikibanza co guhunga vyihutirwa coshobora kwanka kwinjira mu mbwa yanje y’inzira canke imbwa y’ugukangura kwumva?¶

Oya. Mu mategeko agenga ubumuga ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika harimwo n’Itegeko ry’Abanyamerika bafise Ubumuga (ADA) muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Itegeko ry’Uburenganzira bwa muntu ryo muri Canada n’amategeko agenga uburenganzira bwa muntu yo mu ntara muri Kanada, Itegeko ry’Uburinganire ryo mu 2010 mu Bwongereza, n’amabwirizwa y’Ubumwe bw’Uburaya yerekeye uburinzi bw’abanyagihugu, ibikoko vy’igikorwa vyamenyerejwe (nk’imbwa zirongora abamugaye) vyemewe mu bibanza vyose vya bose vy’uburaro vyihutirwa, mu bisi zijana abantu, no mu bibanza vy’ugutoranya abaganga bari kumwe n’uwubijejwe. Naho ari ukwo, wama ushiramwo ivyokurya vy’imbwa vy’imisi 14, amabakure y’amazi ashobora gusenyuka, ibirato vy’amaguru vy’imipira, n’amakete y’incanco mu gafuko kawe.

Ni kubera iki ntashobora gukuraho amabarabara y’ipulasitike ku mabateri yanje y’ibikoresho vyo kwumva vy’umuyaga w’ivyuma vy’agaciro imbere y’uko ndayashira mu kigega canje c’ivyihutirwa?¶

Bateri zikoreshwa n’umuyaga w’ivyuma (Ingano 10, 312, 13, na 675) zikora biciye ku mwuka wo mu kirere winjira mu tunogo dutoduto turi ku ruhande rwiza rw’iyo bateri iyo igipande c’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibara ry’ibateri kimaze gukurwako. Iyo ukuyeho iyo tab imbere y’igihe, bateri itangura gusohoka ubudasiba yaba iri imbere mu gikoresho co kwumva canke yicaye mu kabati, kandi izopfa burundu mu ndwi 2 canke 4. Gumana amabateri yose y’inyuma y’ivyuma vy’umuyaga (zinc-air) apfutse mu bipapuro vyayo vy’uruganda gushika ku gihe nyaco uyakeneye, hanyuma urindire amasegonda 60 umaze gukuraho urupapuro imbere y’uko winjiza bateri.

Inyobora zifitaniye isano¶

• Umugambi wo guhunga umuriro wo mu nzu, ingazi zo guhunga zo mw'igorofa ya kabiri, n'ugushiraho inkengeri y'umwotsi
• Ukwitegurira ivyihutirwa abamugaye n'abakeneye ubuvuzi
• Inyamaswa zo mu nzu n'ibikoko vyo mu nzu mu bihe vyihutirwa
• Gucungera ibikoresho biremerera, gufata amazi asusurutsa, no gushiramwo ibikoresho vyo gufunga gazi
• Gutakaza ugutahura mu buryo butunguranye (gufatwa n’indwara y’ugutwi) no kwitwararika ingoma y’ugutwi

Amasoko n'ubuyobozi buzwi¶

• Ishirahamwe ry’Igihugu ry’Ugukingira Umuriro (NFPA, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika): NFPA 72: Itegeko ry’Igihugu ryerekeye Inkengeri n’Ibimenyetso vy’Umuriro (Ibisabwa ku Nkengeri zivugana n’Imirongo y’Imirongo y’Imirongo y’Imirongo y’Imirongo y’Imirongo 520 Hz mu bibanza vy’ugusinziramwo, UL 1971 177-Candela Strobe,Sla-La P).
• Ikigo ca Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kijejwe gucungera ibihe vy’ivyihutirwa (FEMA) & Ready.gov (Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika): Gutegura birafise insiguro ku bantu bafise ubumuga, ku buryo bashobora kuronka ivyo bakeneye, no ku vyo bakeneye mu bikorwa na Ibiro vya FEMA bijejwe gucungera no guhuza abamugaye (ODIC).
• Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Itumatumana (FCC, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika) & Ofcom / British Telecom (Ubwongereza): Ivyanditswe-ku-911, Ivyanditswe mu gihe nyaco (RTT), n’Ivyanditswe vyihutirwa vy’Ubwongereza 999 / 999 BSL Amasezerano y’Iyandikisha Yemewe.
• Ishirahamwe ry’Igihugu ry’Abatumva (NAD), Ikigo c’Igihugu c’Abatumva (RNID, UK), & Ikigo c’Igihugu ca Helen Keller (HKNC): Ukwitegurira Ivyihutirwa Abatumva, Abatumva Nabi, n’Impumyi-Impumyi.
• Ishirahamwe ry'Igihugu ry'Impumyi (NFB), Ishirahamwe ry'Abanyamerika ry'Impumyi (AFB), & Imbwa zirongora Impumyi: Ukwitegurira Ivyago ku Bagenzi b'Impumyi n'Abatabona neza n'Ingingo ngenderwako zo Gukuraho Imbwa z'Ibikorwa.