Icegeranyo c'umucungezi w'amahera cazimiye canke cibwe: Itangazo ry'imisi 90 rya UCC ry'ugutakaza n'imitego y'ingwati¶

Gutakaza Sheki y’Umucungezi w’Ikigega, Isheki y’Umucungezi w’Ikigega, Isheki Yemejwe, canke Ikete ry’Amahera ry’Iposita/Western Union, canke kuyiba mu nzira ija ku gufunga amazu, kugurisha imodoka, nyen’inzu, canke ku biro vy’imisoro vya IRS, bitera ingorane y’amabanki ihita ifata umuguzi wese hafi. Iyo winjiye mw'ishami ryawe rya banki kugira ngo ushire amadolari 30 yoroshe "Hagarika kwishura" ku giciro c'amadolari 25.000 cazimiye, ukabasaba ko bosubira gushiramwo ayo madolari 25.000 kuri konti yawe kugira ngo ushobore kohereza amahera y'ibarabara aho kuyarungika, umuyobozi w'ishami akubwira ati: "You cannot stop a Eishi'thers. utegerezwa kurindira imisi 90 yuzuye y'ikirangamisi imbere y'uko dushobora kugusubiza ideni rimwe ry'amadolari yawe 25.000, CANKE utegerezwa kugura Ingwati / Ingwati y'Igikoresho Cazimiye idashobora gusubirwamwo ku giciro c'incuro zibiri c'amahera y'isheki." Mu **Ingingo ya 3 y'Itegeko ry'Ubucuruzi Rimwe (Ibice vya UCC,**39-13,39-13). mu bihugu vyose 50 vya U.S. (n’amategeko angana n’ayo hakurikijwe Itegeko ry’Ivy’Imisoro ryo muri Canada n’Ubwongereza), Sheki y’Umucungezi w’Ikigega nti ikurwa kuri konti yawe bwite; ni inshingano itaziguye, yizewe ya banki ubwayo, kandi iyo "Uwufise iyo sheki" ataco yakoze yerekanye iyo sheki mu misi 90, banki iragoberwa n'amategeko kuyitanga canke igahura n'ivyago bitegekanijwe n'amategeko hakurikijwe Igice ca 3-411 ca UCC. Kugira ngo utore umuti w’ico kibazo c’ivyihutirwa utatakaje ivyo waguze mu nzu canke ngo wishyure amadolari ibihumbi n’ibihumbi ku mucuruzi w’ivy’ingwati bisaba ko uhita utanga Itangazo ry’Ugutakaza ry’Igice ca 3-312 ry’Itegeko ry’UCC, ugatandukanya nimba sheki itaremejwe mu gihe c’urugendo canke yamaze gushirwako amahera irenga imisi 90 yo kundira maze igatuma umuntu ahita asaba UCC Igice ca 4-208 / 3-420 Ivyemezo vy’Ibinyoma), kandi igahatira banki yawe kurekura ibisabwa vyose vy’ingwati iyo umusi wa 90 uheze. Iyo amahane yo kw’ishami rya banki canke ugurisha kw’abantu ku giti cabo ateye ubwoba, hamagara uwo mu karere iwanyu . inomero z'ivyihutirwa ubwo nyene; ku bibazo vyihutirwa bijanye n’amabanki, raba Ukwoza amasheki, ubuhendanyi bw'amasheki y'ubutumwa bwibwe, n'ubuhendanyi bw'amasheki y'ibinyoma, Ubuhendanyi bwo gufunga amazu n'amasezerano yo kwibutsa banki vyihutirwa, na Uguhererekanya amahera muri banki ata wemerewe, amatati y'Itegeko E, n'uburenganzira bwo kwishura.

Ivyo ubikore ubu¶

1. Urinde umutekano wawe wo ku mubiri kandi ntukigere uhangana n’umuntu akekwaho kuba umusuma w’ubutumwa canke umusuma w’ubudandaji bwite. Nimba amatati ku bijanye n’amahera y’umucungezi w’amahera yazimiye canke yibwe mu gihe c’ugugura imodoka canke kwimukira mu nzu y’umukozi atera ubwoba, subira inyuma nibura metero 2 (amafuti 6,5) kugira ngo ugere aho uba inomero z'ivyihutirwa (911 muri Amerika na Canada, 112 mu Muryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi, 999 mu Bwongereza, 000 muri Australiya).
2. Hamagara umurongo w'igenzura wemewe wa Banki Itanga amafaranga ubwo nyene kugira ngo umenye nimba Sheki y'Umucungezi w'Ifaranga YAMAZE gukoreshwa canke ikiri "Itarashirwako / Itarishwe." Iki kibazo kimwe ni co kigena inzira yawe yose y'amategeko:
3. Inzira A (Isheki Iracari "ITARIHEWE / ITARISHWA"): Isheki y'umubiri irazimira mu kibanza co gutoranya ubutumwa, yicaye mu gafuko k'ubutumwa yibwe, canke ishizwe ahantu hatabereye muhira. Utegerezwa guca ukora Itangazo ry’Ihombo ry’Igice ca 3-312 rya UCC ryarahiye muri banki itanga iyo banki kugira ngo banki ishire ibendera ry’inomero y’isheki mu nzira yayo yo gutanga amafaranga maze itanguze isaha itegekanijwe y’iminsi 90.
4. Inzira B (Isheki Yamaze GUSHIRWA / GUSHIRWA N'Umusuma): Iyo umusuma w'iposita amaze kwiba sheki, akayoza izina ry'uwuyihevye canke yihenda umukono w'uwuyihevye ku mugongo, maze akayishira mu yindi banki, Igihe c'imisi 90 y'Isezerano UCCty2nd U3i-1. NTUKORERE. Ahubwo, sheki yarishwe mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko kubera Ivyemezo vy'ubuhendanyi / Ihindura ry'ibintu (UCC Ibice 3-407, 3-420, na 4-208), kandi banki yatanze itegerezwa guca itanga Ikirego co gusubiza inyumaikirego c'umusuma1. ijana kw’ijana ry’amahera ataco bigutuma ugura ingwati.
5. **Injira mw'ishami rya Banki itanga amafaranga uno musi maze ushire umukono ku rwandiko rwemewe, rwemejwe n'umunyamategeko "Itangazo ry'Ihombo rya UCC Igice ca 3-312." Mu UCC Section 3-312(b), inshingano ya banki itegekanijwe n’amategeko yo gusubiza amahera yawe ku musi ugira 90 itangura gusa iyo ushikirije Itangazo ry’Igihombo ryanditse mu buryo butegekanijwe ryashizweko umukono n’igihano co gutanga ubuhamya bw’ikinyoma. Zana Ikete ry’Umuguzi ry’Umwimerere (Kopi y’Umukiriya) ryerekana inomero y’urutonde rw’Isheki y’Umucungezi w’Ikigega, amadolari nyayo, itariki yasohotseko, n’uwuzoyihembwa.
6. Gutahura ingene Isaha y’Ibara ry’Imisi 90 ibarwa (Itangura kw’ITARIKI ISHEKI YASOHOWEHO, SI umusi utangaza ko yatakaye). Mu gice ca UCC 3-312(b)(1), Itangazo ry’Ugutakaza rishobora gukurikizwa mu buryo butegekanijwe n’amategeko ku wa ta:0 inyuma y’ITARIKI Y’ISHEKI (ku Sheki y’Umucungezi canke Sheki y’Umucungezi) canke itariki yo kwemera (ku Sheki Yemejwe), CANKE (b) itariki Itangazo ry’Igihombo ryakiriweko na banki. Nk’akarorero, iyo waguze Cheque ya Cashier ku wa 1 Ruheshi ugaca ubona ko yazimiye mu mail ku wa 25 Ruheshi, nti urindiriye imisi 90 kuva ku wa 25 Ruheshi; imisi yawe 90 yo kurindira irahera ku wa 30 Myandagaro (imisi 90 kuva ku wa 1 Ruheshi).
7. Wanke kugura "Lost Instrument Surety / Indemnity Bond" izimvye KIRETSE ukeneye amahera yo gusubira gusohoka IMBERE y'umusi wa 90. Abakozi benshi bo muri banki babwira abakiriya ibinyoma ko amategeko ya banki asaba ko uriha ishirahamwe ry'ingwati 2% gushika kuri 5% vy'agaciro k'isheki, a $500, $000 ku $000) Ikigega c’Igikoresho Cazimiye mu bibazo vyose. Ivyo ni ibinyoma. Mu **Iciyumviro ca 3-312 ca UCC, imvo yose yatumye Komisiyo y’Itegeko Rimwe ishinga Igice ca 3-312 yari iyo guha abaguzi uburenganzira butegekanijwe n’amategeko bwo gusubizwa amahera 100% inyuma y’imisi 90. Banki ishobora gusa gusaba ingwati y’indishi iyo usavye ko banki isubira gutanga ayo mahera ubwo nyene mu misi 89 ya mbere imbere y’uko idirisha ry’imisi 90 ry’Umunyagihugu akwiye gutanga ayo mahera rihera.
8. Shira Raporo y'Ubusuma bw'Iposita y'Ishirahamwe ry'Igenzura ry'Iposita rya USPS (USPIS) (uspis.gov/report canke 1-877-876-2455) maze umenyeshe umukozi wawe wo gufunga, nyen’inzu, canke uwugurisha ubwo nyene. Nimba sheki yazimiye canke yibwe mu nzira y’ubutumwa, uhe umukozi wawe w’ivy’ububiko, uwugurisha, canke nyen’inzu kopi y’Ikete ryawe ry’Umuguzi wa Banki**, **Ikete ryawe ry’Umuguzi wa Banki, rya **Ikete ryawe ry’Umuguzi w’Isheki, Inomero ya Raporo y’Ubusuma bw’Iposita ya USPIS kugira ngo ntibagufate mu gihe utunganya amahera y’ikiraro canke urindiriye hanze y’idirisha ry’amategeko.

Igiti c’ingingo: Isheki y’Umucungezi w’Ifaranga yazimiye canke yibwe, Isheki yemejwe, canke Ikete ry’Amahera¶

flowchart TD
    A["Isheki y'Umucungezi w'Ifaranga, Isheki Yemejwe, canke Itegeko ry'Amahera ryazimiye canke ryibwe"] --> B{"1. Ni igikoresho c’ubwoko ubuhe?"}
    B -->|"A. Isheki y’Umucungezi wa Banki, Isheki y’Umucungezi w’Ikigega, canke Isheki Yemejwe"| C{"2. Umurongo wo Gusuzuma Banki Itanga Amahamagara: Mbega sheki YARAMAZE gukurwako/Gakurwako, canke n’ubu iracari NTARISHWE?"}
    B -->|"B. Ikete ry'amahera ry'iposita rya USPS, Ishirahamwe ry'Uburengero, canke MoneyGram"| D["Dosiye y’Ikibazo co Gusubirira Uwutanga (PS Form 6401 ya USPS; Imisi 30-60 y’Ikurikirana ku WU/MoneyGram; Nta Nkuru y’Ingwate Ikenewe)"]
    C -->|"N'ubu NTIRISHWA / Bidasanzwe"| E["Gushitsa 'Itangazo ry'Igihombo rya UCC Igice ca 3-312' kuri Banki Itanga Uyu musi (Vyanditswe n'Uwurungika CANKE Uwuhabwa)"]
    C -->|"BARASAZE GUSHIRA AMAFARANGA n'Umusuma"| F["UCC Igice ca 3-312 Gutegerezwa Imisi 90 NTIBIKORA: Dosiye Yemejwe n'Umunyamabanga w'Igihugu 'Inyandiko y'Indahiro y'Ivyemezo vy'Ibinyoma / Ihindurwa ry'Ibinyoma' Mu Gice ca 3-420 & 4-208 ca UCC kugira ngo Uhatire Gusubira Gutanga Inguzanyo Ubwo nyene na Banki y'Ibiziga vy'Umusuma"]
    E --> G{"3. Woba ushobora kurindira gushika ku musi wa 90 w’Ikirangamisi inyuma y’Itariki y’Isohoka ry’Isheki?"}
    G -->|"EGO: Nshobora kurindira gushika ku musi wa 90"| H["Ishura $0 ku mpapuro z’ingwati: Ku musi wa 90 inyuma y’itariki yo gusuzuma, Igice ca 3-312(b)(4) ca UCC gihatira mu mategeko Banki iguha amahera kugusubiza 100% vy’amahera"]
    G -->|"OYA: Ukeneye Amahera Ubwo nyene Kubera Ejo Gusozera"| I["Saba Umuyobozi wa Banki 'Amasezerano y'Indezi y'Abakiriya Atagira Ingwate' CANKE Uronke 1.5%-3% y'Ingwate y'Igikoresho Catakaye Mu Gice ca 3-309 ca UCC kugira ngo Usubire Gusohoka Ubwo nyene"]

Icigwa ca 1: Kubera iki amabanki adashobora gusa "Guhagarika kwishura" ku giciro c'umucungezi w'amafaranga (Itegeko ry'umunyagihugu wa UCC)¶

Iyo wanditse sheki y’umuntu ku giti ciwe, ayo mahera aguma kuri konti yawe gushika sheki yerekanwe, kandi mu UCC Igice ca 4-403 ufise uburenganzira butegekanijwe n’amategeko bwo gushiramwo Itegeko ryo Guhagarika Ukwishura imbere y’uko banki yawe iriha sheki. Isheki y’Umucungezi w’Igihugu, Isheki y’Umucungezi w’Ikigega, canke Isheki Yemejwe ikora ku ngingo ngenderwako y’amategeko ihushanye n’iyo:

1. Banki ubwayo ni yo ikora / itanga ingwati (Ibice vya UCC 3-104 & 3-412): Iyo uguze Sheki y’Umucungezi w’Ikigega c’amadolari 30.000, banki ica ikura ayo madolari 30.000 kuri konti yawe y’ivy’itunga, ikayijana mu Igitabo ca banki gikuru c’amasheki yemewe. Icegeranyo c'Ikigega ni inshingano y'isezerano itaziguye y'Banki itanga ubwayo.
2. Ibihano bikomeye kuri Banki yanse kwishura mu buryo butari bwo sheki y’umucungezi w’amafaranga (UCC Igice ca 3-411): Mu UCC Igice ca 3-411(b), iyo banki itanga amafaranga yanse kwishura sheki yayo bwite y’umucungezi w’amafaranga igihe yerekanwa n’umuntu afise uburenganzira bwo gushitsa inyungu, ariko kandi ku bijanye n’amahera uwuyifise akoresha be n’ivyago bizovamwo.
3. Ingorane y'"Uwufise mu gihe kibereye" mu misi 90 ya mbere (UCC Igice ca 3-302): Dufate ko uguze Sheki y'Umucungezi w'Igihugu y'amadolari 15.000 yishurwa "Bob's Auto Sales", ukayiha Bob, maze ukabwira banki yawe ko "watakaje" iyo sheki. Hagati aho, Bob yemeza ko iyo sheki irungikwa ku kigo canke banki yemewe yo gutanga amahera kugira ngo abone agaciro mu vy’ukuri ata n’umwe amenyesheje ko hari ico asaba (uwufise iyo sheki mu gihe kibereye). Iyo uwo Mufise igihe kibereye yerekanye sheki mu misi 90, banki yawe isabwa n’amategeko kwishura ayo madolari 15.000 uwo Mufise igihe kibereye. Mu gice ca 3-304(a)(2)** ca **UCC, sheki iba "irengeje igihe" (iyishaje) imisi 90 y'ikirangamisi inyuma y'itariki yayo. Iyo sheki imaze imisi irenga 90, nta n’umwe afata iyo sheki inyuma y’umusi wa 90 ashobora guhabwa uburenganzira bwo kuba uwuyifise mu gihe gikwiye (UCC Igice ca 3-302(a)(2)(iii)). Rero, ku Umusi wa 90, ingorane z’amategeko za banki zirazimangana, kandi Igice ca 3-312(b)(4) ca UCC gisaba ko banki igusubiza 100 kw’ijana vy’amahera yawe ata n’ingwati n’imwe.

Icigwa ca 2: Kugereranya amategeko agenga ivy'amategeko hakurikijwe ubwoko bw'igikoresho co kwishura¶

Suzuma umutwe ucapwe hejuru y’inyandiko yawe canke igikoresho kugira ngo umenye uburyo butegekanijwe n’amategeko bugenga ugusubizwa amahera yawe:

Icigwa ca 3: Intambwe ku yindi y'ugutanga "Itangazo ry'Ihombo ry'Igice ca 3-312 rya UCC".¶

Kurikiza aya mategeko nyayo igihe utanga Itangazo ryawe ry’Ihombo:

1. Ni nde yemerewe gushira umukono ku itangazo ry’ugutakaza? (Uwurungika n'uwuhembwa)¶

Mu gice ca 3-312(a)(1)** ca **UCC, uwushobora kuba "Uwusaba" bivana n'uko sheki yari yaramaze gushikirizwa Uwuyihawe imbere y'uko ibura:

• Nimba Sheki Yazimiye na WEWE (canke Yazimiye mu Nkuru y'Iposita IMBERE YO Gushika ku Uwuyihawe): WEWE ("Uwuyirungitse" / Uwuyiguze) ni wewe Uyisaba akwiriye. Kubera ko sheki yoherejwe biciye kuri USPS ita "shikirijwe" gushika ishitse ku wuyihevye, iyo ibahasha izimiye mu nzira, ura gushira umukono ku Itangazo ry'Ihombo muri banki yawe. Kugira ngo umukozi wa banki ntahagarike umutima ku vyerekeye nimba ibahasha yashitse mu gasandugu k’ubutumwa k’uwuhembwa, nusabe uwuhembwa ashire umukono ku majambo 2 Itangazo ry’uko uwuhembwa ataco yaronse avuga ngo: "Jewe, [Izina ry’uwuhembwa], sinarigeze ndonka Sheki y’Umucungezi w’Ifaranga #[Umubare w’ikirego] c’amahera [A] umuguzi, [Izina ryawe]."
• Nimba Sheki Yashikirijwe Uwuyihevye, Uwuyihevye akayitakaza: Uwuyihesheje ni we Musaba akwiye hakurikijwe igice ca 3-312(a)(1) ca UCC (canke mwempi mushobora gusinyana ku ishami kugira ngo banki isubize ayo mahera ataco ahinduye kuri konti yawe).

2. Amajambo 4 y’Itegeko Asabwa mu Itangazo ry’Igihombo ry’UCC ry’Igice ca 3-312¶

Mu Igice ca 3-312(a)(3) ca UCC, Itangazo ryawe ry’Ihombo ryanditse ritegerezwa gukorwa mu gihano co gutanga ubuhamya bw’ikinyoma kandi rikavuga ibintu bine: (1) wari ufise iyo sheki; (2) ukubura itunga ryawe ntikwari ingaruka y’ukwimurirwa mu buryo butegekanijwe n’amategeko na wewe canke ukuntu wabifashe mu buryo butegekanijwe n’amategeko; (3) ntushobora kuronka iyo sheki mu buryo bubereye kubera ko yasambutse, aho iri ntihashobora kumenyekana, canke ko iri mu minwe y’umuntu atazwi; kandi (4) udondora iyo sheki ata gukeka neza (Izina rya Banki, Inomero y’urutonde, Itariki yasohotseko, Amadolari nyayo, Uwuyirungitse, n’Uwuyihembwa).

3. Ni igiki kiba mu misi ya 1 gushika ku ya 89 n’umusi wa 90?¶

• Mu misi ya 1 gushika ku musi wa 89 (Inyuma y'itariki yo gutanga sheki): Banki yawe yinjiza "Itangazo ry'ugutakaza / Imburi y'uwukekwako" ku nimero y'urutonde rwa sheki muri mudasobwa yayo y'ibarabara ry'ibarabara ry'ibarabara, bikaba vyemerera banki gusaba indangamuntu no kwanka ivyemezo vy'ubuhendanyi iyo umusuma agerageje kuyikuramwo amahera.
• Ku musi wa 90 (Ku isaha icenda z’ijoro ku musi wa 90 w’ikirangamisi Inyuma y’itariki y’ugutanga sheki): Mu gice ca 3-312(b)(4)** ca UCC, iyo sheki itarishyuwe umuntu afise uburenganzira bwo kuyishira mu ngiro imbere y’umusi wa 90, banki itegekanijwe kwishura sheki yose ubwo nyene, kandi uruhara rwa banki ku sheki y’intango yatakaye rurakurwaho ubuziraherezo.

Icigwa ca 4: Uko wokwirinda canke wogabanya umutego w'"Ikigega c'Igikoresho Cazimiye"¶

Bimeze gute iyo utakaje $50,000 Cashier's Check y'amahera y'inzu, igihe co gufunga kiri mu misi 5, kandi nta yindi $50,000 y'amahera ufise yo kurindira imisi 90?

Iyo usavye banki gusubirira sheki y'amadolari 50.000 ubwo nyene (mbere y'umusi wa 90), banki izohamagara Igice ca 3-309 ca UCC ("Gushitsa Itegeko ry'Igikoresho Cazimiye, Casambutse, canke Cayibwe"), gisaba "uburinzi bubereye" (mu bisanzwe a Bo**ni Instrument for **Lost 100% gushika kuri 200% vy’amahera y’isheki).

Ehe ingene wokwirinda guhabwa amahera menshi:

1. Ica mbere: Saba Umuyobozi w'Ishami rya Banki / Umuyobozi w'Ibikorwa vy'Akarere "Indenizo y'Imbere mu Mutima" (Zero Surety Bond Fee) nimba Sheki Yari Yishuwe WEWE UBWAWE canke Ishirahamwe ry'Ivy'Itongo:
2. Iyo sheki y'amadolari 50.000 yazimiye yarishwe "Ishirahamwe rya mbere ry'Abanyamerika" (canke ryishyurwa Izina ryawe bwite, ritaremejwe), nta duka ry'amahera ryo kw'isi rishobora kwemera iyo sheki ata cemezo c'ubuhendanyi, kandi iyo banki iyo ari yo yose yemeje banki yawe ifise uburenganzira bwo gusubizwa amafaranga 100% ku bijanye n’iyo banki y’ububiko hakurikijwe igice ca 4-208 ca UCC.
3. Ivyo ubimenyeshe Umuyobozi w'Ishami n'Umukuru w'Ivyago mu Karere: "Kubera ko iyi Cheki y'Umucungezi w'Ikigega yishurwa Sosiyete y'Igihugu [canke kuri jewe ubwanje] kandi itarigeze yemezwa, nta n'umwe ashobora kwigera aba Umunyagihugu mu gihe Kibereye ata cemezo c'ubuhendanyi, ivyo banki iyo ari yo yose ibika amahera ishobora gushikirizwa 10 4-208 Ndasaba ko umukozi ajejwe ingorane ashobora gusinya amasezerano y'imbere mu gihugu y'abakiriya ata n'ingwati yo hanze."
4. Ica kabiri: Niba Utegerezwa Gugura Ingwati y’Igikoresho Cazimiye kugira ngo Ufunge Vyihuse, Menya Igiciro Nyaco (1,5% gushika kuri 2%) n’Ibindi Bikoreshwa mu Gutanga Inguzanyo y’Ikiraro:
5. Abafise uburenganzira bwo gutanga ingwati (nk'ingwati1, ingwati y'abakoloni, ingwati ya Lance, canke ingwati ya CNA) batanga "Igihano gihoraho c'ingwati y'ingwati" mu masaha 24 ku 1.5% gushika kuri 2% y'amahera y'ingwati (mu bisanzwe $050 kuri wewe) ufise amanota 680+ y’inguzanyo.
6. Iyindi nzira nziza: Gutiza amadolari 50.000 mu misi 85 ku Inguzanyo y’uburinganire bw’inzu (HELOC) canke inguzanyo y’itunga ry’ingwati ku konti yawe y’ubucuruzi akenshi bitwara amahera make mu misi 85 y’inyungu kuruta kwishura amadolari 1.500 y’ingwati y’imbere y’igihe idashobora gusubirwamwo, umusi w’ingwati yawe. Amadolari 50.000 ku buntu kugira ngo umuntu yishure inguzanyo y’ikiraro.

Icigwa ca 5: Ijambo ku rindi "UCC Igice ca 3-312 Itangazo ry'Indahiro ry'Ugutakaza & Gusaba Gusubizwa Amahera y'Imisi 90"¶

Nimba banki yawe yanse gutanga urupapuro rwayo rw’imbere rw’Itangazo ry’Ihombo canke igerageza kuguhatira kugura ingwati y’ingwati naho woba witeguye kurindira imisi 90, nusabe iri Tangazo ry’Itegeko ryemejwe n’amategeko maze urishikirize Umuyobozi w’Ishami n’Igisata c’Ivyagezwe vya Banki biciye ku USPS Certified Mail with Return Rested Recedt:

SWORN DECLARATION OF LOSS OF CASHIER'S CHECK / TELLER'S CHECK / CERTIFIED CHECK
AND DEMAND FOR PAYMENT PURSUANT TO UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE (UCC) SECTION 3-312

To: [Name of Issuing Bank / Credit Union]
Branch & Official Checks / Loss Prevention Department: [Address]

1. IDENTIFICATION OF LOST, DESTROYED, OR STOLEN INSTRUMENT (UCC Section 3-312(a)(3)):
- Type of Instrument: [Cashier's Check / Teller's Check / Certified Check]
- Issuing Bank Name: [Name of Bank] | Check / Serial Number: [Insert Exact Serial Number]
- Date of Issue (Date of Check): [Insert Exact Date Printed on Check] | Exact Amount: $[Amount]
- Name of Remitter (Purchaser): [Your Full Legal Name] (Account #: [XXXX-1234])
- Name of Payee Stated on Check: [Insert Exact Payee Name]

2. SWORN STATUTORY DECLARATIONS UNDER PENALTY OF PERJURY (UCC Section 3-312(a)(3)):
I, [Your Full Legal Name], being duly sworn, hereby declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of [State] and the United States that:
(a) I am the [Remitter / Payee] of the above-described check and am the lawful "Claimant" within the meaning of Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) Section 3-312(a)(1);
(b) I had lawful possession of the check prior to its loss, and the check was NOT endorsed in blank by the payee;
(c) My loss of possession of the check was NOT the result of a lawful transfer by me or a lawful seizure (specifically, the check was [lost in the U.S. Mail prior to delivery to the payee / stolen from mail / accidentally destroyed / misplaced]); and
(d) I cannot reasonably obtain possession of the check because the check was destroyed, its whereabouts cannot be determined, or it is in the wrongful possession of an unknown person who cannot be found.

3. DEMAND FOR IMMEDIATE SYSTEM FLAG AND FULL REFUND ON DAY 90 WITHOUT SURETY BOND:
Pursuant to UCC Section 3-312(b), this Declaration of Loss is delivered to [Bank Name] at a time allowing [Bank Name] a reasonable time to act on it before the check is paid.
- Please immediately place a "Lost / Stolen - Do Not Pay" alert on Check #[Serial Number] across all teller, mobile-deposit, and clearinghouse systems so that no unauthorized person or forged endorsement is honored.
- Pursuant to UCC Section 3-312(b)(1) and (b)(4), this claim becomes legally enforceable on [Insert Date Exactly 90 Calendar Days After the Date of the Check] (90 calendar days after the date of the check). Under UCC Section 3-312(b)(4) and Official Comment 3, if the check has not been paid to a person entitled to enforce it prior to that date, [Bank Name] is statutorily obligated to refund the full amount of $[Amount] to me on [90th Day Date] WITHOUT requiring any Lost Instrument Surety or Indemnity Bond.

I declare under penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true and correct.
Executed on this [Day] day of [Month], [Year].

________________________________________
[Your Signature, Printed Name, Address, Phone Number, and Email]

Subscribed and sworn to before me on this [Day] day of [Month], [Year], by [Your Name].
________________________________________
Notary Public Signature & Seal
Enclosures: Copy of Cashier's Check Purchaser Receipt, Payee Non-Receipt Statement, and USPS Mail Theft Report (#[Number]).

Inomero z'ivyihutirwa zo mu karere n'amategeko y'ibigo¶

Iyo amahane yerekeye sheki yazimiye ateye ubwoba canke akagira ingorane z’ubuvuzi, hamagara abo mu karere iwanyu . inomero z'ivyihutirwa ubwo nyene. Ku vyerekeye ibirego vy'amategeko n'ibimenyetso vy'amahera:

• Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika:
• Abagenzuzi ba Banki n'Ishirahamwe ry'Inguzanyo (Igihe Banki yanse kwubahiriza Igice ca 3-312 ca UCC): Ibiro vy'Umugenzuzi w'Ifaranga (OCC) kuri HelpWithMyBank.gov (1-800-613-6743); Ibiro bijejwe gukingira amafaranga y'abaguzi (CFPB) kuri consumerfinance.gov/complaint (1-855-411-2372); Ubuyobozi bw'Ishirahamwe ry'Igihugu ry'Inguzanyo (NCUA) kuri MyCreditUnion.gov (1-800-755-1030).
• Ubusuma bw'Iposita n'Abatanga Amafaranga: U.S. Igisata c'igenzura ry'iposita (USPIS) kuri uspis.gov/report (1-877-876-2455); Amafaranga y’iposita ya USPS (Urupapuro rwa PS 6401, umurongo w’ivy’ubuzima 1-866-974-2733); Amategeko y’amahera y’Ubumwe bw’Uburengero (1-800-999-9660); Amafaranga y'Igipimo c'Amahera (1-800-542-3590).
• Kanada:
• Itegeko ry’amafaranga y’amabanki n’amasheki yemejwe (Itegeko ryerekeye amafaranga, R.S.C. 1985, c. B-4): Mu gihe c’Itegeko ry’amafaranga y’amabanki (Ibice 155-156)** ryo muri Canada, amasheki ya banki yo muri Canada (traite bancaire) ntabwo ahita ahera inyuma y’igenekerezo rya 90. Amabanki yo muri Canada asaba Ikete ry’Indishi (Uburyo bw’Indishi); ku mafaranga make canke amafaranga y’imbere mu gihugu ushobora kwishura canke ikigo kizwi, amabanki akenshi yemera Isezerano ry’Indezi y’Umuntu ku giti ciwe, mu gihe ku mafaranga manini manini y’uwundi muntu yoshobora gusaba ko umuntu atanga ingwati. Gushiramwo ibisabwa vy’ingwati bitari vyo ku Umuvugizi w’Ibikorwa vya Banki n’Ishoramari (OBSI) (obsi.ca canke 1-888-451-4519). Ku Amafaranga y'Iposita yo muri Canada, hamagara kuri 1-800-267-1177.
• Ubwami bw'Ubwongereza:
• Ivyagezwe vy'abakozi b'amabanki (Itegeko ry'amafaranga y'amabanki 1882, igice ca 69): Mu gice ca 69 c'Itegeko ry'amafaranga y'amabanki ryo mu Bwongereza ryo mu 1882, iyo amafaranga y'umukozi w'amabanki yatakaye imbere y'uko agera ku gihe, banki ishobora guhatirwa gutanga amafaranga y'iyisubirizo iyo yakiriye **indemnity. Gutuma banki icerezwa ataco imaze ku Ishirahamwe ry'Umuvugizi w'Ivy'Imari (FOS) (financial-ombudsman.org.uk canke 0800 023 4567).
• Ostraliya na Nouvelle-Zélande:
• Australiya (Itegeko ryerekeye amasheki 1986 (Cth), Igice ca 116): Mu Itegeko ryerekeye amasheki ryo muri Australiya 1986, iyo sheki ya banki yazimiye canke yasambutse kandi itagaragajwe, uwuyifise/uwuyigura ashobora kuronka sheki yo gusubirira ufunding the banki canke indishi. Gushikana amatati ku Ikigo kijejwe ibirego vy’ivy’amahera co muri Ostraliya (AFCA) (afca.org.au canke 1800 931 678) canke Itegeko ry’Umuvugizi w’Ibanki ryo muri Nouvelle-Zélande (bankomb.org.nz, 0800 805 950).

Ibibazo bikunda kubazwa¶

Mbega igihe co kurindira c’imisi 90 gishingiye ku gice ca 3-312 ca UCC gitangura ku musi Sheki y’Umucungezi w’Ikigega icapwe, canke umusi namenyesheje ko yatakaye?¶

Munsi Itegeko ry'ubudandaji rimwe (UCC) Igice ca 3-312(b)(1), igiharuro c’imisi 90 gitangura ku wa . ITARIKI Y’ISHEKI (itariki Sheki y’Umucungezi w’Ikigega yasohowe na banki), SI umusi wamenyesheje ko watakaje, igihe cose ushizeho Itangazo ryawe ry’Ugutakaza imbere y’Umusi wa 90. Mu buryo bwihariye, Itangazo ry’Ugutakaza rishobora gukurikizwa ku musi wa 90. nyuma ya: (i) umusi wa 90 inyuma y’itariki sheki yashikirijweko, canke (ii) itariki Itangazo ry’Igihombo ryakiriweko na banki. Iyo waguze Sheki y’Ikigega ku wa 1 Ntwarante, ugatanga Itangazo ry’Igihombo ku wa 20 Ntwarante, banki itegerezwa kugusubiza amahera yawe ku wa 20 Ntwarante. Gicurasi (Imisi 90 y’ikirangamisi kuva kw’igenekerezo rya 1 Ntwarante).

None iyo ntakaza Ikete ry’Umuguzi wanje KANDI ntazi inomero y’urutonde rw’Ikete ry’Umucungezi w’Ikigega?¶

Naho woba watakaje igitabu c’ikimenyetso c’uko umuguzi yaguze, banki iguha iyo mpapuro iragumya inyandiko ihoraho y’ivy’ubuhinga bwa none y’Isheki yose y’Umucungezi w’Ikigega itanga. Ha umucungezi wa banki . itariki nyayo waguze sheki, i umubare nyawo w'idolari bikurwa kuri konti yawe ku nsiguro yawe y’ukwezi, n’aho ishami riri. Igisata c’amasheki yemewe ca banki gishobora gukura amahera nyayo Inomero y'urutonde rw'isheki y'umucungezi w'amafaranga, izina ry'uwuyihembwa, n'uko bimeze kuva ku minota y’itangazo ry’isohoka ry’umunsi ku musi.

Bigenda gute iyo nsanze Cheque y’umwimerere y’Umucungezi w’Ikigega mu kabati IMBERE y’uko namaze gutanga Itangazo ry’Ihombo (canke inyuma y’imisi 90)?¶

Niwabona Sheki y’Umucungezi w’Ikigega imbere banki yarasubije amahera yawe ku musi wa 90, kora Oya ushire sheki ku muntu uyihemba canke uyishire kuri mobile app (kuko inomero ya sheki igaragara ko "Yazimiye/Yibwe" kandi izosubira inyuma). Ahubwo, nushire iyo sheki y’umubiri mw’ishami ryawe rya banki, uyihe Umuyobozi w’Ishami, hanyuma umusabe ngo . gukuraho isuzuma "Ntibikoreshejwe ku ntumbero yagenewe" kandi ushire amahera asigaye kuri konti yawe y’amahera ubwo nyene, kubera ko gutanga ico gikoresho c’umubiri bikuraho imisi 90 yo kurindira be n’ingwati iyo ari yo yose. Iyo banki . amaze yasubije amahera yawe inyuma y’umusi wa 90 maze mu nyuma ugasanga sheki ya kera, UCC Section 3-312(c) isaba ko utanga sheki y’intango kuri banki.

Bimeze gute iyo Cheque ya Cashier ntarigeze nkoresha imaze amezi arenga 6 canke imyaka 3: yoba irahera, canke yoba yashizwe ku mutungo wa Leta utavuzwe?¶

Udakunze sheki y’umuntu ku giti ciwe (iyo banki ishobora kwanka kwishura inyuma y’amezi 6 hakurikijwe igice ca 4-404 ca UCC), a Isheki y'umucungezi w'amahera ntiyigera itakaza agaciro kayo k'amahera. Ariko rero, iyo Sheki y’Umucungezi w’Ikigega iguma idashizwemwo amahera ku mwaka w’2019. Imyaka 3 gushika kuri 5 (bivanye n’itegeko ry’intara yawe ry’uguhagarara kw’Itunga Ritavuzwe), banki itanga iyo nkuru isabwa escheat (guhindura) amafaranga y'amahera ku Mucungerezi w'Itunga Ritavuzwe na Leta. Niwabona Cheque ya Cashier ya kera itagira amahera y’imyaka 4 iheze, rondera izina ryawe n’izina ry’uwuyihembwa kuri Amahera Yabuze.com kugira ngo asabe ayo mahera Umucungezi w’Itunga rya Leta.

Noshobora gukuraho Cheque ya Cashier nimba namaze kuyiha umukozi canke umucuruzi w’imodoka maze nkabona ko bampesheje?¶

Muri rusangi OYA hakurikijwe igice ca 3-312 ca UCC. Kugira ngo ushiremwo Itangazo ry’Ihombo ry’ukuri hakurikijwe Igice ca 3-312(a)(3) ca UCC, utegerezwa kurahira mu gihano co gutanga ubuhamya bw’ikinyoma ko "ugutakaza ivy'ubutunzi NTIvyari bivuye ku kwimurirwa n'uwamenyesheje." Iyo wahaye ku bushake Sheki y'Umucungezi w'Ikigega umuntu akora canke agurisha, ivyo vyari ugutanga ku bushake, rero gutanga "Itangazo ry'Ugutakaza" ry'ikinyoma uvuga ko sheki yazimiye mu nzira y'ubutumwa ni ubuhamya bw'ikinyoma. Ariko rero, nimba uwo mwabihaye yiyemeje . ubuhendanyi bw'ubugizi bwa nabi canke ubusuma bukoresheje ubuhendanyi (kandi atararungika iyo sheki ku muntu ataco yakoze mu gihe kibereye), urashobora gutanga raporo y’abapolisi ubwo nyene maze ukarondera urukiko rwihutirwa . Itegeko ryo guhagarika igikorwa c'igihe gito (TRO) munsi UCC igice ca 3-602(b)(1) gutegeka banki ngo ntiyishure iyo sheki.

Inyobora zifitaniye isano¶

• Ukwoza amasheki, ubuhendanyi bw'amasheki y'ubutumwa bwibwe, n'ubuhendanyi bw'amasheki y'ibinyoma
• Ubuhendanyi bwo gufunga amazu n'amasezerano yo kwibutsa banki vyihutirwa
• Uguhererekanya amahera muri banki ata wemerewe, amatati y'Itegeko E, n'uburenganzira bwo kwishura
• Ivyihutirwa vy'amasandugu y'ububiko: amasandugu yacukuwe, guhunga, no gushika ku rupfu
• Inomero z'ivyihutirwa hakurikijwe igihugu

Amasoko n'ubuyobozi buzwi¶

• Komisiyo y’Itegeko Rimwe & Ikigo c’Itegeko ry’Amerika (Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika): *Itegeko ry’Ubucuruzi rimwe (UCC) Ingingo ya 3: Igice ca 3-312 (Isheki y’Umucungezi w’Ifaranga, Isheki y’Umucungezi w’Igihugu, canke Isheki Yemejwe; Igihe c’Imisi 90 co Gusubira Gushirwa mu ngiro)Co &3; Igice ca 3-309 (Gushirwa mu ngiro kw’Igikoresho Cazimiye n’Indishi); Igice ca 3-411; na Ibice 3-407, 3-420, na 4-208.
• Ibiro vy'Umugenzuzi w'Ifaranga (OCC) & CFPB (Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika): OCC HelpWithMyBank: Amasheki y'Umucungezi w'Ifaranga - Yazimiye, Yibwe, canke Yasambutse (helpwithmybank.gov) na Impanuro za CFPB ku bijanye n'amasheki n'amafaranga yemewe.
• Ishirahamwe ry'iposita ryo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (USPS) & USPIS: Igitabo c'iposita yo mu gihugu (DMM) Igice ca 509.3 (Urupapuro rwa PS 6401) na Igitabu c'iposita co muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (uspis.gov/report).
• Itegeko rya Leta ya Kanada, Ubwongereza, & Leta ya Australiya: Itegeko ry’Igihugu ca Kanada ryerekeye amafaranga y’Igihugu (R.S.C., 1985, c. B-4, Ivyigwa 155-156); Itegeko ry’Ubwongereza ry’Ivy’Imisoro 1882 (Igice ca 69); na Itegeko ry’amasheki ryo muri Ostraliya ryo mu 1986 (Cth) (Igice ca 116).