Emmotoka etaliiko kisumuluzo ya Push-Button yalese ng’eddukira mu galagi eyungiddwaako (CO Infiltration)¶

Mu myaka kkumi egiyise, okukyusa ennyo ebisumuluzo by’ebyuma eby’ebyuma ebikuma omuliro ne bifuulibwa **ebisumuluzo ebiyitibwa wireless proximity key fobs, push-button Start/Stop ignitions, whisper-quiet gasoline-electric hybrid powertrains, n’enkola ya smartphone remote-start systems kireeseewo ekimu ku bulabe obusinga okutta abantu mu North America ne Bulaaya. Okusinziira ku kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ekitongole ekivunaanyizibwa ku by’okwerinda ku nguudo mu ggwanga ekya National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), ne Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), buli mwaka abavuzi bangi basika mu galagi y’amayumba eyungiddwaako, ne baggalawo oluggi lwa galagi waggulu, ne bakyusa mmotoka ne bagiyingiza mu Paaka (oba bamala kufuluma nga basitudde ekisumuluzo ekitaliiko waya mu nsawo yaabwe oba mu nsawo yaabwe), ne batambula munda ennyumba yaabwe nga tebategedde yingini ekyakola. Ekisinga obubi, mmotoka ya hybrid oba plug-in hybrid (PHEV) bw’esika mu galagi mu mbeera ya silent battery-electric (EV) mode ate ddereeva ne yeerabira okunyiga button ya Power nga tannatambula munda ne fob, mmotoka etuula mu kasirise okumala eddakiika 30 ku 90 okutuusa nga bbaatule ya traction eweddewo ate yingini ya internal combustion gasoline n’etandika yokka waggulu munda mu galagi yaggadde ku ssaawa 2:00 ez'oku makya nga famire yeebase waggulu.

Mu eddakiika 5 ku 15 munda mu galagi y’emmotoka bbiri eggaddwa, payipu y’omukira y’emmotoka etakola evuga galagi carbon monoxide (CO) ebirungo ebisukka ebitundu 1,200 buli bukadde (ppm), omusingi ogwateekebwa mu kibinja ky’ekitongole ky’eggwanga ekikola ku by’okwerinda n’ebyobulamu ku mirimu (NIOSH) nga Obulabe obw’amangu eri Obulamu oba Obulamu (IDLH), era esukka mangu 3,000 okutuuka ku 10,000 ppm. Olw’okuba galagi eyungiddwako egabana fuleemu ya bbugwe, ebikondo ku siringi, okugoba emidumu, n’oluggi olugatta munda n’ennyumba ennene, obutonde obugenda waggulu thermal stack effect ey’amaka agabuguma esonseka ekire ekyo ekya CO ekikuŋŋaanyiziddwa, ekitaliimu kawoowo, ekitalabika okuva mu galagi ne kigisaasaanya butereevu mu ebisenge ebisangibwa waggulu wa galagi ne mu kifo kyonna eky’okubeeramu. Ne bw’oggulawo oluggi lwa galagi waggulu okuleka mmotoka okubuguma okumala eddakiika 10 ku makya ag’omusana kiyinza okupampagira 300 ku 500 ppm za CO mu nnyumba ng’empewo efuuwa omukka ogufuluma munda munda mu kifo ekiggule ekya galagi. Okumanya engeri y’okusengula amaka nga togguddewo luggi lwa galagi ey’omunda mu kisenge kya ggaasi ekya IDLH, okuggulawo oluggi lwa galagi ey’ebweru okuva ebweru, n’okulongoosa ensawo za CO ezisigaddewo okuva mu bisenge bya bbonuusi waggulu wa galagi kitaasa obulamu.

Kino kikole kati¶

1. Ssengula buli muntu n’ekisolo ky’omu nnyumba amangu ddala ng’oyita mu mulyango ogw’ebweru ogw’omu maaso oba ogw’emabega (NEVER okuyita mu galagi). Toyimirira kukung’aanya bintu, okwambaza abaana, oba okunoonya ekisumuluzo ky’emmotoka. Singa omuntu yenna yeebase oba nga mugayaavu mu ekisenge ekisangibwa butereevu waggulu wa galagi eyungiddwaako, muzuukuse era omutwale oba omuyambe okufuluma mu muddo ogw’omu maaso amangu ddala.
2. Oluggi lw’omunda oluyunga ennyumba ku galagi lukuume nga LUGABIDDWA ​​bulungi. Oluggi olwo olw’omuliro olw’omunda lwe luziyiza lwokka olukwata enkumi n’enkumi z’ebitundu ku buli bukadde bw’omukka ogufuluma mu payipu y’omukira ogukwatagana munda mu kifo we basula galagi. Kireke nga kiggaddwa nga kizibiddwa.
3. Kuba essimu y'omu kitundu kyo ennamba z’amangu (911 in the United States and Canada, 112 across the European Union, 999 in the United Kingdom) from the front yard. Tell the dispatcher clearly: "A car was accidentally left running inside our closed attached garage and carbon monoxide is entering the house." Fire crews carry calibrated electrochemical multi-gas meters and positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) fans and wear Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) eyingiza empewo okuyingira mu galagi nga tolina bulabe.
4. Bw’oba olina ekisumuluzo kyo ekitaliiko waya, app y’emmotoka ya ssimu, oba keypad y’oluggi lwa galagi ey’ebweru naawe EBWERU mu luggya: ggulawo oluggi lwa galagi olw’ebweru waggulu oggale mmotoka okuva ewala okuva mu kkubo eriyingira mu mmotoka nga toyingidde munda mu galagi.
5. Yimirirako waakiri mita 5 (fuuti 16) emabega ku kkubo eriyingira mu mmotoka era onyige ekisumuluzo ekiggulawo oluggi lwa galagi etaliiko waya ebweru (oba bbaatuuni y’ekiggulawo galagi ku mmotoka eyookubiri esimbiddwa ebweru) okusitula oluggi lwa galagi olunene waggulu olwo ekyuma ekifulumya omukka kifulumye mu bbanga eriggule.
6. Singa mmotoka yo yatandikibwa ng’oyita mu remote-start fob oba smartphone app (FordPass, MyChevrolet, Toyota, Hyundai Bluelink, HondaLink), nyweza Engine Stop / Cancel Remote Start button ku ssimu yo oba key fob ng’oyimiridde mu luggya.
7. Totambulirangako munda mu kifo ekiggule ekya galagi amangu ddala ng’oluggi olw’okungulu lugguddwa; linda ebweru abazinya mwoto okugogola galagi nga bakozesa mita za ggaasi.
8. Kebera buli muntu mu maka okulaba obubonero bw’obutwa bwa kaboni monokisayidi nga bukyali mu kiseera kino. Olw’okuba kaboni monokisayidi yeesibye ku hemoglobin emirundi 200 ku 240 okusinga oxygen (ekola carboxyhemoglobin, COHb), buli muntu eyali munda mu nnyumba alina okwekebejjebwa abajjanjabi abasookerwako okulumwa omutwe mu kisambi, okuziyira, okuziyira, okusiiyibwa, okutabulwa, okunywezebwa mu kifuba, oba ataxia (okwesittala), ne bwe batandika okuwulira obulungi katono mu mpewo ennungi ey’ebweru. Weekenneenye ebyaffe ekitabo ky’obujjanjabi obusookerwako ku kussa kaboni monokisayidi n’omukka.
9. Abazinya mwoto bwe bamala okuggyako mmotoka ne bakakasa nti CO mu nnyumba ekka wansi wa 9 ppm: dduka cross-ventilation purge ya galagi, attic, n’ebisenge waggulu wa galagi. Ggulawo amadirisa ku njuyi ez’enjawulo eza buli mwaliiro, ssaako ebyuma ebifulumya omukka mu kinaabiro n’omu ffumbiro, era okebere oba ekikoomi kyo ekya HVAC ekiri wakati oba ekyuma ekikwata empewo kituula munda mu galagi nga tonnaba kukyusa bbugumu oba okunyogoza okuddamu okukoleeza.

Ekipande ekikwata ku mmotoka ya galagi ekikwata ku kaboni monokisayidi mu mbeera ey’amangu¶

Goberera omuti guno omukakali ogw’okusalawo ku bulamu bw’obulamu mu kaseera k’oteebereza nti mmotoka yalekebwa ng’edduka mu galagi eyungiddwaako oba alamu ya CO ey’awaka bw’ekola.

flowchart TD
    Start["CO Alarm Sounds OBA Emmotoka Etegedde Okudduka<br/>Munda mu Garage Eyungiddwaako"] --> RuleOne["1. TOGULA luggi lwa nnyumba ku galagi munda<br/>2. Evacuate all people & pets out FRONT/BACK door<br/>(Sooka okebere ekisenge butereevu waggulu wa galagi)"]

    RuleOne --> Call911["Kuba 911 / 112 / 999 okuva ku Outdoor Yard"]

    Call911 --> RemoteCheck{"Osobola okuggulawo oluggi olunene olw’ebweru waggulu<br/>galagi okuva EBWERU mu kkubo eriyingira mu mmotoka?"}

    RemoteCheck -->|"YEE: Keypad ey’ebweru ku bbugwe, spare remote,<br/>oba smart garage app eriwo"| OpenDoor["Ggulawo Omulyango gwa Garage ogw’okungulu okuva ku Driveway.<br/>YIMIRIRA EMABEGA 5 m (16 ft) okuva ku exhausting gas plume.<br/>Kozesa Smartphone App / Remote Fob okuyimiriza Yingini bw’oba olina ebyuma.<br/>TOTAMBULA munda mu galagi."]

    RemoteCheck -->|"NEDDA: Tewali keypad ya bweru oba remote ebweru"| WaitFD["Sigala mu Fresh Air mu Front Yard.<br/>Linda Abazinya mwoto mu SCBA Air Packs<br/>okumenya oluggi lwa galagi & okuggala ignition."]

    OpenDoor --> MedicalTriage{"Waliwo omuntu yenna alina okulumwa omutwe, okuziyira,<br/>okuziyira, okusoberwa, oba ali lubuto/muwere?"}
    WaitFD --> MedicalTriage

    MedicalTriage -->|"YEE: Akabonero konna oba omuntu ali mu bulabe obw’amaanyi"| EMSCare["Amangu EMS 100% High-Flow Oxygen Mask<br/>& Hospital CO-Oximetry Evaluation<br/>(Standard engalo pulse oximeter kiwa FALSE okusoma okwa bulijjo)"]

    MedicalTriage -->|"NO: Atalina bubonero & FD alongoosa ennyumba (<9 ppm)"| HousePurge["Kola Okulongoosa Garage Eyungiddwa mu Zooni 4:<br/>1. Open garage bay + amadirisa g’ennyumba agatunudde mu<br/>2. Purge bonus room waggulu wa galagi<br/>3. Kikyuse galage-door weatherstripping & okweggalawo"]

Matrix y’okugeraageranya: ebika by’okusitula mmotoka n’okufulumya CO mu galagi enzigale¶

Baddereeva bangi bakkiriza mu bukyamu nti mmotoka ez’omulembe ezikozesa petulooli ezifulumya omukka omutono ennyo, ebyuma ebikyusa petulooli, oba ebyuma ebikola petulooli n’amasannyalaze tebisobola kukola kaboni monokisayidi atta munda mu galagi. Nga mmotoka ey’omulembe efuyira amafuta ng’edduka ng’ebuguma ku luguudo olukulu efulumya CO mutono okusinga mmotoka ey’emyaka gya 1970 eriko kaboni, yingini yonna eya petulooli oba dizero ekola munda mu galagi enzigale eya kiyuubi mita 100 (cubic-foot 3,500) ekendeeza mangu omukka gwa galagi era n’efuuwa kaboni monokisayidi mu nkumi n’enkumi z’ebitundu buli bukadde.

Lwaki okuleka mmotoka "okubuguma" mu galagi eyungiddwaako NGA OLUGGI LWA GARAGE LUGGULAWO kikyali kya bulabe¶

Ekimu ku nfumo ezisinga okubeerawo mu kiseera ky’obutiti kwe kuba nti tekiba kya bulabe okutandika mmotoka yo munda mu galagi eyungiddwaako n’ogireka nga tekola okumala eddakiika 5 ku 10 okubugumya endabirwamu kasita osooka kuggulawo oluggi lwa galagi ennene waggulu.

Okugezesa mu nnimiro okwakeberebwa bannaabwe okwakolebwa abanoonyereza mu Iowa State University, Health Canada, ne Minnesota Department of Health kwagezesa embeera eno yennyini nga baggulawo oluggi olw’okungulu olwa galagi eyungiddwaako ne batandika mmotoka ennyogovu munda mu kiyumba: 1. Omutabula gw’amafuta amangi ogutandikira mu nnyonta (Nga catalytic converter tennabuguma): - Okumala eddakiika 2 ku 5 ezisooka ng’omaze okutandika yingini ya petulooli ennyogovu mu kiseera ky’obutiti, kompyuta ya yingini efuyira omutabula omungi ogw’amafuta okudda mu mpewo (open-loop enrichment) ate nga catalytic converter ey’engeri essatu wansi w’emmotoka ekyali nnyogovu ng’amayinja (wansi wa diguli 250 ku 300 Celsius / diguli 500 ku 600 Fahrenheit). - Okutuusa nga catalytic converter etuuse ku bbugumu eriziyiza ekitangaala, ekyusa virtually zero carbon monoxide okufuuka carbon dioxide, ekitegeeza nti payipu y’omukira ekuba 30,000 ku 70,000 ppm za carbon monoxide embisi emabega ddala wa galagi. 2. Empewo eddy trapping munda mu garage bay enzigule: - Ne bwe kiba nti oluggi lwa galagi olw’okungulu lwa mita 2.4 ku 4.8 (fuuti 8 ku 16) luggule nnyo, empewo ey’ebweru efuuwa ku maaso g’ennyumba ekola ekiwujjo ekikyukakyuka eky’okuddamu okutambula ekisika ekiwujjo ky’omukka ogwokya butereevu ku bbugwe ow’emabega ne waggulu wa galagi. - Mu kugezesebwa kwa Iowa State University, okuddukanya mmotoka okumala eddakiika 2 zokka ng’oluggi lwa galagi olw’okungulu luggule nnyo kyasitula kaboni monokisayidi munda mu galagi okutuuka ku okusukka 400 ku 500 ppm, era okuggulawo oluggi lw’ennyumba okudda mu galagi munda okumala sekondi 10 nga ddereeva atambula okudda munda kyasobozesa ekiwujjo ekinene ekya CO okuyingira mu nnyumba ne kisigala nga kisibiddwa okumala essaawa. 3. Etteeka erikakatako: - Ggulawo oluggi lwa galagi waggulu SOOKA, tandika yingini, era ozzeeyo mmotoka okufuluma yonna ku kkubo eriyingira ebweru AMAANYI (mu sikonda 15 ku 30), olwo oggale oluggi lwa galagi waggulu empewo ey’ebweru ereme kufuuwa omukka ogufuluma mu kkubo eridda mu kifo ekiyingira mu galagi.

Engeri kaboni monokisayidi gy’akweka okuva mu galagi eyungiddwaako n’ayingira mu bisenge eby’oku mwaliiro ogw’okungulu¶

Bannannyini mayumba bangi balowooza nti olw’okuba oluggi olw’omunda wakati wa galagi n’effumbiro luggaddwa, omukka mu galagi gusigala mu galagi. Mu butuufu, okunoonyereza kwa ssaayansi w’ebizimbe kulaga nti galagi eyungiddwaako eyungibwa mu ngeri y’empewo n’ekifo we babeera ng’eyita mu enguudo nnya ezitalabika:

1. Ekisenge kya Bonus Room Floor Joist Cavity (Ebisenge Waggulu wa Garage) .¶

Mu bukadde n'obukadde bw'amaka ag'omulembe ag'emyaliiro ebiri egy'omu bibuga, ekisenge ekikulu oba ekisenge ky'omwana "ekisenge kya bbonuusi" kituula butereevu waggulu ku kisenge kya galagi ekigattibwako. - Wadde nga enkola z’okuzimba zeetaaga 16-millimeter (⅝-inch Type X) fire-rated drywall ku ceiling ya galagi, abakozi b’amasannyalaze, abakola ppipa, n’ababazzi abakola fuleemu bulijjo balekawo ebituli ebitasibiddwa okwetoloola structural I-joists, rim joists, recessed can lights, garage-door opener brackets, ne attic pull-down stairs. - Kubanga empewo ebuguma esituka (the stack effect), buoyantly warm car exhaust pools against the garage ceiling, eseerera okuyita ku uncaulked drywall seams mu floor joist cavity wakati wa galagi ceiling ne bedroom subfloor, era esituka butereevu okuyita mu baseboard carpet gaps ne floor heating registers z’ekisenge waggulu. Ebiseera ebisinga, ekisenge ekisula butereevu waggulu wa galagi kituuka ku CO concentrations ezitta nga ffumbiro eriri okumpi ddala ne galagi kikola.

2. HVAC Furnace oba Air Handler Esangibwa Munda mu Garage¶

Mu bitundu ebirimu embeera y’obudde ennyangu (nga Southern ne Western United States), abazimbi batera okuteeka ekikoomi ky’empewo ekikakasibwa wakati oba ekyuma ekikwata empewo mu ppampu y’ebbugumu, awamu n’ekisenge kyakyo eky’ekyuma ekiddamu empewo, butereevu munda mu galagi eyungiddwaako. - Ekiwujjo ekifuuwa empewo bw’eyaka, omukutu gw’empewo edda munda mu galagi gukola wansi wa puleesa ey’amaanyi negative suction pressure (-25 to -100 Pascals). - Ekituli kyonna ekitono mu mulyango gw’ekifo ekisengejja ekisengejja, mastic tape, oba drywall platform wansi w’ekikoomi ekissiddwa mu galagi kikola ng’ekyuma ekiwunyiriza ekinene, okusonseka omukka gwa galagi ogw’omukira ogukwataganye butereevu mu mudumu ogudda n’okugufuuwa okuva mu buli lijesita y’ebikozesebwa mu kisenge mu nnyumba mu sikonda 60.

3. Central Vacuum Exhausts, Ennyumba yonna, ne Dryer Negative Pressure¶

Okuddukanya ekyuma ekikala engoye, range hood y’omu ffumbiro, oba ekyuma ekifulumya omukka mu kinaabiro munda mu nnyumba kikendeeza puleesa y’empewo ey’omunda mu nnyumba bw’ogeraageranya ne galagi, ne kifuula buli kinnya ky’ekisumuluzo, ekituli ky’omulyango, n’omukutu gw’amasannyalaze ku bbugwe wa galagi ogugabibwa ne bifuuka entuuyo esonseka munda ng’esika empewo ya galagi munda.

4. Engeri y’okumenya oba okuggulawo oluggi lwa galagi olusibye okuva ebweru ng’amasannyalaze gavuddeko¶

Singa mmotoka yalekebwa ng’eddukira munda mu galagi eyungiddwaako mu kiseera ky’omuyaga ogw’obutiti ng’amasannyalaze gavuddeko (kale ekisumuluzo ky’amasannyalaze ekiggulawo oluggi lwa galagi waggulu ku bbugwe ow’ebweru tekirina masannyalaze) ate nga tolina ssiringi y’ekisumuluzo eky’ebweru ey’oluggi lw’oku mabbali ga galagi: - Toyita mu nnyumba okusika omuguwa omumyufu ogw'okufulumya eby'amangu munda mu galagi. - Buulira mangu omusindika 911 / 112 / 999 nti amasannyalaze gavuddeko era mmotoka esibiddwa ng’eddukira munda mu galagi ggaddwa; abazinya mwoto basobola okumenya mu ngalo ekipande ekya wansi oba ekikondo ky’ebbali eky’oluggi lwa galagi eya aluminiyamu waggulu okuva mu kkubo eriyingira ebweru mu sikonda ezitakka wansi wa 20 nga bakozesa ekyuma ekitaasa abantu ekikyukakyuka oba ebbaala ya Halligan ate nga bakuuma oluggi lw’ennyumba okudda mu galagi olw’omunda nga luggaddwa. - Okusobola okwetegekera mu biseera eby’omu maaso, galagi yo bw’eba terina mulyango gwa batembeeyi ku ludda olw’ebweru, ssaako Exterior Emergency Release Lock Cylinder eriko ebisumuluzo ng’oyita mu kipande eky’okungulu eky’oluggi lwo olwa galagi waggulu (ekintu ekisumuluddwa eky’akaguwa eky’enjawulo ekisika akagaali akasumulula ekiggulawo munda okuva mu kkubo ery’ebweru ng’amasannyalaze gaweddewo).

Enkola ya mutendera ku mutendera okulongoosa galagi n’ennyumba ebiyungiddwaako oluvannyuma lw’omukolo gwa CO¶

Abazinya mwoto bwe bamala okuggyako mmotoka, ne baggulawo galagi, n’okupima empewo y’omunda nga bakozesa sensa z’amasannyalaze ezipimiddwa, tomala gaggala nzigi n’odda okwebaka. Carbon monoxide akwatiddwa munda mu bifo ebirimu bbugwe, mu kabada, ebikondo wansi mu kisenge kya bbonuusi, ne kabineti z’okutereka mu galagi asobola okuddamu okukuŋŋaanyizibwa (okuddamu) oluvannyuma lw’amadirisa okuggalwa.

1. Oluggi lwa galagi ennene waggulu gukuume nga LUGGULAWO 100 ku 100 ate oluggi lw’ennyumba okudda mu galagi olw’omunda nga luggale ebitundu 100 ku 100 mu kiseera galagi esooka okufuuwa omukka mu ddakiika 30:
2. Lwaki okusooka okukuuma oluggi oluyunga nga luggale? Kubanga ekifo kya galagi kiyinza okuba nga ekyakwata ensawo za ggaasi wa 500-ppm okumpi ne bampere y’emmotoka mu maaso, era oyagala ensawo eyo enzito efuuwe okufuluma oluggi olunene olw’okuyingira, so si kuyita mu ddiiro lyo.
3. Bwoba olina box fan, giteeke ku open driveway threshold nga efuuwa ebweru (oba giteeke ku side exterior yard door ya galagi efuuwa munda nga eyolekera open driveway) okumala eddakiika 30.
4. Mu kiseera kye kimu cross-ventilate mu bifo ebisulamu (naddala ebisenge waggulu wa galagi):
5. Ggulawo waakiri amadirisa abiri ku njuyi ez’enjawulo eza buli mwaliiro gw’ennyumba (enjuyi ezigenda mu mpewo n’ez’empewo) okukola empewo ey’obutonde ey’omusalaba.
6. Mu ekisenge kyonna oba ekisenge kya bbonuusi ekisangibwa waggulu oba okumpi ne galagi, ggulawo amadirisa gonna nga gagazi, ggulawo enzigi za kabokisi, era osika ebisenge bya scuttle ebiyingira ku mwaliiro ogw’okungulu biggule katono singa omukka guyingira mu kisenge waggulu wa galagi.
7. Kebera ekintu ekikwata empewo ya HVAC ekissiddwa mu galagi nga tonnaba kussaako bbugumu oba AC:
8. Singa ekikoomi kyo oba ekikwata empewo kituula munda mu galagi, leka empewo ya galagi efulume ddala okumala eddakiika 30 ku 45 nga tonnaba kukoleeza ffaani ya HVAC blower ey’omunda. Empewo ya galagi bw’emala okubeera empewo ennungi ey’ebweru ebitundu 100 ku 100, kyusa ffaani ya thermostat ku ON ng’amadirisa g’ennyumba gakyaggule okufulumya CO yenna atudde nga tatambula munda mu bikondo by’ebyuma ebikola ductwork.
9. Kola "Okukebera Okudda mu Nnyumba Eggaddwa Mu Ddakiika 30":
10. Oluvannyuma lw’okussa empewo okumala eddakiika 60, ggalawo amadirisa era olondoole alamu ya kaboni monokisayidi eya wansi esomebwa mu digito (eyo eraga ppm y’omuwendo wansi okutuuka ku 10 ppm) ku buli mwaliiro okumala eddakiika 30 okukakasa nti emiwendo gya CO gisigala ku 0 ppm era tegiseeyeeya kudda waggulu okuva ku nsibuko endala (nga eky’okuwanyisiganya ebbugumu mu kikoomi ekikutuse oba ekyuma ekibugumya amazzi emabega).

Obuyambi obusookerwako eri omukka ogufuluma mu mmotoka¶

Omukka ogufuluma mu mmotoka teguliimu carbon monoxide (CO) yokka, wabula ne nayitrojeni dayokisayidi (\(\text{NO}_2\)), hydrocarbons ezitayokeddwa (benzene, formaldehyde, acrolein), ne ultrafine particulate soot.

1. Senda mu mpewo ennungi ey'ebweru amangu ddala era omuntu oyo awummule mu kasirise:
2. Ne bw’omala okuva mu nnyumba, okufuba kw’omubiri (nga okudduka oba okusitula ebintu ebizito) kwongera obwetaavu bwa oxygen mu butoffaali ng’ekinywa ky’omutima kyafa dda enjala ya oxygen olw’ekirungo kya carboxyhemoglobin. Buli omu atuule oba agalamire bulungi ebweru.
3. Tewesigangako Pulse Oximeter y'engalo eya bulijjo (\(\text{SpO}_2\) clip) oluvannyuma lw'okukwatibwa CO:
4. Ensonga enkulu mu by’obujjanjabi: Ekipima omukka gw’omukka ogw’omu maka oba ambyulensi eky’obuwanvu bw’amayengo abiri eky’omutindo tekisobola kwawula wakati wa hemoglobin eya bulijjo esibiddwa okisigyeni (\(\text{O}_2\text{Hb}\)) ne carboxyhemoglobin ey’obutwa esibiddwa ku kaboni-monokisayidi (\(\text{COHb}\)) kubanga byombi binywa ekitangaala ekimyufu ku nanometers 660 kumpi mu ngeri y’emu.
5. Omuntu alina obutwa obutta 35-percent carboxyhemoglobin bulijjo ajja kulaga "98% oba 99% oxygen saturation" egumya mu bukyamu ku finger pulse oximeter. Ekintu kyokka eky’enjawulo eky’obuwanvu bw’amayengo amangi CO-oximeter (ekisitulibwa ebitongole bingi ebitaasa omuliro n’ebitongole by’amangu mu ddwaaliro) oba ekyuma ekiggya omukka mu musaayi mu misuwa/emisuwa kye kisobola okupima emiwendo gya COHb egy’amazima.
6. Lwaki oxygen y’obujjanjabi (oba hyperbaric oxygen) ebitundu 100 ku 100 kikulu nnyo:
7. Okussa empewo eya bulijjo ey’ekisenge eky’ebweru (21% oxygen), ekitundu ky’obulamu bwa kaboni monokisayidi mu musaayi gw’omuntu kiri essaawa 4 ku 5 (ekitegeeza nti kitwala essaawa 4 ku 5 omuwendo gwa CO mu musaayi gwo okukka ekitundu).
8. Okussa 100-percent normobaric medical oxygen nga oyita mu masiki enywevu etali ya kuddamu kussa okuva mu bajjanjabi abasookerwako kisala ku kitundu ky’obulamu obwo obw’okumalawo okutuuka ku eddakiika 60 ku 90, ate Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) ku bbanga 2.5 ku 3.0 mu kisenge ky’eddwaliro kigisala okutuuka ku eddakiika 20 ku 30 nga okuziyiza ebiva mu busimu ebilwawo (okubulwa okujjukira, enkyukakyuka mu buntu, n’okukankana kw’obulwadde bwa Parkinson obuyinza okulabika oluvannyuma lw’ennaku 2 ku 40 oluvannyuma lw’okukwatibwa ennyo galagi).
9. Abakyala ab’embuto, abawere, abaana, abantu abakulu, n’omuntu yenna alina obulwadde bw’emisuwa gy’omusaayi bulijjo alina okwekebejjebwa mu ddwaaliro oluvannyuma lw’omukolo gwa CO mu galagi: fetal hemoglobin asiba carbon monoxide n’okusinga n’okusinga maama adult hemoglobin, ekitegeeza nti omwana ali mu lubuto afuna obutwa bwa CO obw’amaanyi era atwala ekiseera kiwanvu nnyo okulongoosa omukka okusinga maama.

Engeri y'okuziyiza enkalakkalira "Keyless Car Left Running" n'okuyingira mu galagi¶

Kola emitendera gino etaano egya yinginiya wiiki eno mmotoka eyeerabirwa esobola okuwa obutwa mu maka go:

• 1. Teeka alamu ya bbaatule ya Carbon Monoxide ey’emyaka 10 mu kkubo ebweru wa buli kifo we basula ERA butereevu munda mu kisenge waggulu wa galagi: Toteekako alamu ya CO eya bulijjo ey’omunda munda mu kifo kya galagi eky’enfuufu, ekifuumuuka/ekyokya kyennyini (ebbugumu erisukkiridde n’okutandika mu bufunze bifuuwa sensa z’amasannyalaze ez’amayumba encaafu); mu kifo ky’ekyo, ssaako alamu ya CO ekakasibbwa UL 2034 / EN 50291 ng’erina digital ppm display munda ddala mu nnyumba mu mita 3 (fuuti 10) okuva ku mulyango gwa galagi ogw’omunda ne munda mu ekisenge butereevu waggulu wa galagi (ekisinga obulungi okuyungibwa ku waya kale singa alamu y’ekisenge ky’ebitosi wansi esooka kuzuula CO, buli alamu y’ekisenge ewulikika ku decibels 85 amangu ago).
• 2. Teeka Heat Detector (SI alamu ya mukka) munda mu galagi: Singa mmotoka edduka eyeerabirwa ebuguma oba bbaatule ya EV n’ekwata omuliro munda mu galagi, 135°F / 57°C fixed-temperature / rate-of-rise Heat Alarm eyungiddwa ku alamu zo ez’omukka ez’awaka ejja kukuba alamu awatali kusimbula kwa bulimba okuva mu nfuufu ya payipu y’omukira eya bulijjo.
• 3. Kola ekifaananyi ekirabika "Fob Hook by the Ignition" oba sobozesa Auto-Shutoff:
• Kebera mu kitabo kya nnannyini mmotoka yo oba okulongoosa mu pulogulaamu ya diiru: Oluvannyuma lw’okunoonyereza ku by’okwerinda kwa NHTSA n’omutindo gwa SAE J3125, mmotoka nnyingi ezisembayo kati zirina ekintu ekiyinza okuteekebwa mu pulogulaamu ya diiru 30- oba 60-Minute Idle Auto-Shutoff n’okulabula okw’amaanyi okw’ebweru okw’amaloboozi asatu** buli luggi lwa ddereeva lw’aggulawo n’okuggalawo nga yingini ekola n’ekisumuluzo fob ava mu kabina. Tolemesa kulabula kw’ejjembe ery’ebweru okuwuuma emirundi ebiri mu nteekateeka z’emmotoka yo.
• 4. Siba era osibe Omulyango gw’Ennyumba okutuuka mu Galagi era oteekemu Hingi eziggalawo:
• Kebera okwetoloola oluggi lw’omuliro olwa solid-core wakati wa galagi yo n’ennyumba: zzaawo kapiira akakutuse perimeter weatherstripping era oteekemu airtight bottom door sweep oleme kulaba akatundu k’ekitangaala okwetoloola empenda z’oluggi.
• Teekateeka oba ssaako spring-loaded self-closing door hinges olwo oluggi ne lwesimbula ne luziba buli muntu lw’asitula eby’okulya munda.
• 5. Siba Garage Ceiling ne Shared Wall Penetrations ne Fire-Rated Caulk / Foam:
• Kozesa intumescent fire-block sealant (red/orange fire caulk) ne drywall mud okusiba buli kinnya kya payipu, ekituli kya box y’amasannyalaze, payipu ya vacuum wakati, ne attic pull-down stair gasket mu ceiling ya galagi ne bbugwe w’ennyumba.

Ebibuuzo ebitera okubuuzibwa¶

Emmotoka ey’omulembe etaliiko kisumuluzo teziggyako bwe ntambula munda mu nnyumba nga n’ekisumuluzo kiri mu nsawo?¶

Ku bukadde n’obukadde bw’emmotoka ezaazimbibwa wakati wa 2006 n’okutandika kw’emyaka gya 2020, eky’okuddamu kiri nti nedda: yingini ekola bbaatuuni bw’emala okutandika, ekolebwa yinginiya mu bugenderevu OBUTAGALA olw’okuba ekisumuluzo ekitaliiko waya kifiirwa siginiini oba okuva mu mmotoka (ng’obukuumi kale bbaatule ya fob efa tesobola kusiba yingini yo ku sipiidi ya kiromita 110 buli ssaawa ku luguudo lwa Freeway). Okuggyako ng’emmotoka yo entongole erina ekiseera ekipya eky’eddakiika 30 ku 60 ekya Park Idle Auto-Shutoff ekikoleddwa, mmotoka oba hybrid erekeddwa mu Park munda mu galagi ejja kusigala ng’ekola okumala essaawa eziwera okutuusa nga ttanka y’amafuta yonna ekalu.

Emmotoka ya hybrid yandijjuza etya galagi yaffe kaboni monokisayidi mu ttumbi singa yingini yali tekola wadde nga ngisimba?¶

Bw’osika petulooli n’amasannyalaze mu galagi ku sipiidi entono, yingini ya petulooli etera okuggwaako era mmotoka n’eyingira mu kasirise ku maanyi ga bbaatule y’amasannyalaze (EV mode). Singa okyusa n'oyingira mu Park n'otambula munda mu nnyumba nga tonyiga bbaatuuni ya Power okuzikiza mmotoka, mmotoka esigala mu mbeera ya "READY" ng'erina climate control, amataala agakola emisana, n'ebyuma ebiggya amaanyi mu bbaatule ya high-voltage hybrid; Nga wayise eddakiika 30 ku 90, ng’omaze okwebaka, chajingi ya bbaatule ya hybrid ekka okutuuka ku kigero kyayo ekitono era kompyuta y’emmotoka etandika yingini ya petulooli munda mu galagi enzigale okuddamu okucaajinga bbaatule.

Singa mu butanwa mmotoka yange nnagisimbula munda mu galagi enzigale okumala eddakiika 10 ne nkwata dda, kiba kirungi okutambula mu galagi okugenda ku mulimu?¶

Nedda, toyita mu mulyango gw’ennyumba ku galagi ogw’omunda n’oyingira mu galagi enzigale mmotoka gye yaakamaliriza okutambula okuva ewala okumala eddakiika 10. Newankubadde yingini eggaddwa, eddakiika 10 ez’okutandika nga tezikola mu nnyonta zajjuza dda ekifo kya galagi ekissiddwaako ssimu n’ebitundu 1,000 ku 3,000+ buli bukadde bwa kaboni monokisayidi atalina kawoowo asigala nga asibiddwa ng’ekidiba ekiwugirwamu eky’obutwa; mu kifo ky’ekyo, fuluma mu mulyango gw’ennyumba yo ey’omu maaso, kozesa keypad yo ey’ebweru oba remote okuva ku kkubo eriyingira mu mmotoka okuggulawo oluggi lwa galagi ennene waggulu, era obeere emabega ku kkubo eriyingira mu mmotoka okumala waakiri eddakiika 15 ku 20 ng’empewo ennungi ey’ebweru efuluma mu galagi nga tonnayingira mmotoka yo.

Lwaki alamu ya kaboni monokisayidi waggulu mu kisenge waggulu wa galagi yavuga nga alamu wansi mu kkubo tennakuba?¶

Omukka ogwokya ogufuluma mu payipu y’omukira gw’emmotoka gufuluma mu muffler ku diguli 150 ku 300 Celsius (diguli 300 ku 600), ekifuula omukka ogufuluma mu mmotoka okubuguma ennyo n’okubuuka okusinga empewo ennyogovu eri munda mu galagi yo. CO plume eyokya esituka butereevu ku ssilingi ya galagi, eseerera okuyita mu bifo ebitonotono okwetoloola ebidomola by’amataala ebiyingiddemu, obuuma obuggulawo oluggi lwa galagi, n’ebikondo bya rim mu kifo ekiri wansi wansi w’ekisenge kya bbonuusi eky’oku mwaliiro ogw’okungulu, era n’esituka butereevu mu kisenge waggulu wa galagi nga ggaasi mungi tannasaasaana mu ngeri ya horizontal okuyita mu mulyango ogwa wansi.

Ensonda zeekebeddwa¶

• Ekitongole ekivunaanyizibwa ku bukuumi bw’ebidduka ku nguudo mu ggwanga (NHTSA, Amerika): Enkola z’okukuma omuliro ezitaliiko bisumuluzo, Okuwabula ku by’okwerinda mu kuyingirira omuliro mu ngeri ey’okuzingulula ne kaboni monokisayidi ne SAE J3125 omutindo gw’okukuma omuliro ogutaliiko bisumuluzo.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) & National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH): Obutwa bwa Carbon Monoxide okuva mu mmotoka mu galagi eziyungiddwa ne NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Carbon Monoxide IDLH (1,200 ppm).
• Akakiiko ka Amerika akavunaanyizibwa ku byokwerinda by’ebintu ebikozesebwa (CPSC): Obulabe bwa Carbon Monoxide mu mmotoka ezikuma omuliro nga tezirina kisumuluzo n’okuteeka alamu ya CO mu maka.
• Health Canada & Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC): Okukyusa obucaafu mu galagi obugattibwako, okuyingira mu bikolwa by’omutambi, n’okunoonyereza ku kufulumya omukka mu mmotoka nga zitandika mu nnyonta.
• Iowa State University Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering: Okukuŋŋaanyizibwa kwa Carbon Monoxide mu galagi eziyungiddwaako mu kiseera ky’okutambula mu nnyonta nga enzigi za galagi ziggule era nga ziggaddwa.

Ebiragiro ebikwatagana nabyo¶

• Obuyambi obusookerwako mu kussa kaboni monokisayidi n’omukka
• Alaamu z’ekintu ekizuula kaboni monokisayidi n’okusengula abantu
• Obukuumi bwa jenereta n’okuziyiza kaboni monokisayidi
• Ekikoomi kya ggaasi ow’obutonde kyayatika ekyuma ekiwanyisiganya ebbugumu ne backdrafting
• Okukulukuta kwa ggaasi: engeri y’okutegeera n’okusengulwa mu ngeri ey’obukuumi
• Dayirekita y’ennamba ez’amangu