Engine Hoist Tip-Over, Chain Sling Snap, ne Crush y’ebitundu by’emmotoka ebizito¶

Cranes z'amaduuka ezikwata amazzi (zitera okuyitibwa engine hoists oba "cherry pickers"), overhead garage beam hoists, ne hydraulic transmission jacks zikozesebwa buli lunaku bamakanika b'emmotoka n'abakola DIY awaka okusitula ekyuma ekisuuliddwa ne aluminiyamu yingini ezizitowa kkiro 180 okutuuka ku 550 (pawundi 400 ku 1,200), transmissions za otomatiki ne manual ezizitowa kkiro 70 ku 250 (pawundi 150 ku 550), ne diferensiya za loole ezikola emirimu emizito ne bbaatule za EV ezizitowa kkiro 300 ku 900 (pawundi 660 ku 2,000). Wadde nga crane y'edduuka eriko sitiika ennene ennyo eya "2-Ton (1,800-kilogram / 4,000-pound)" ku ludda lw'ekikondo ekigolokofu, ekipimo ekyo ekya ttani 2 kikola ONLY nga omukono gwa telescoping boom guzze emabega okutuukira ddala ku kinnya kyagwo ekisinga obumpi munda. Okuserengesa omukono gwa telescoping boom okuva mu kinnya kyagwo ekisinga obuwanvu okutuuka - ekyetaagisa okutuuka waggulu wa bampere y’omu maaso eya pikipiki - kikendeeza ku busobozi bwa hoist okusitula ebitundu 75 ku buli 100 okutuuka ku kkiro 450 zokka (pawundi 1,000) era kikyusa ekifo eky’amaanyi ag’ekisikirize mu ngeri ey’akabi okumpi ne nnamuziga za caster ez’omu maaso.

Obubenje obw’akatyabaga obw’okumenya galagi bubaawo mu katundu ka sikonda okutuuka ku kulemererwa kw’ebyuma okusatu okuddirira: okuyiringisiza ekintu ekisitula yingini ekizitowa waggulu nga yingini esituddwa waggulu mu bbanga okutuusa ng’omusono omutono ogw’okugaziya seminti ogwa milimita 5 (yinsi 0.2), obusiba obugudde, oba zipu-tie buyimiriza nnamuziga y’ekyuma eky’omu maaso ng’efudde n’ekuba yonna Yingini ya kilo 400 ne crane nnyindo zisooka ku makanika; okuzimba yingini n'olujegere lwa "proof coil" olusiigiddwa zinc oba standard Grade-2 hardware bolts ezikutuka ng'endabirwamu nga tezifukamidde nga yingini esimbye ku motor mount; oba okusumulula ekisumuluzo kya kkiro 100 eky’emmotoka oba kkeesi y’okutambuza ng’ogalamidde wansi ku kiwujjo nga ekyuma ekizitowa waggulu kiyiringisibwa ku bbali okuva ku lupapula lw’amatandiiko olupapajjo olwa jjaaki y’emmotoka ku lubiriizi lwa makanika. Okumanya lwaki tolina kukwata kisitula yingini ya tipping oba okugezaako okukwata rolling transmission n’ekifuba kyo, engeri y’okusoma boom-hole capacity decals ne Grade-80/100 alloy chain stamps, n’engeri y’okuggyamu makanika alina pinned nga tosudde hydraulic load omulundi ogw’okubiri kitaasa obulamu; kuuma ekitundu kyo ennamba z’amangu mwetegefu, era okwekenneenya hydraulic jack okulemererwa, jack stand okugwa, ne pinned wansi w’emmotoka, . winch cable snap ne rigging okulemererwa, era amagumba agamenyese n’okunyiga.

Kino kikole kati¶

1. TOGEZAAKO kukwata, kuziyiza, oba kuziyiza buzito bwa tipping hydraulic engine hoist n’omubiri gwo, era TOGEZAAKO kukwata transmission oba differential nga yeekulukuunya okuva ku jack saddle ng’ogalamidde wansi w’emmotoka. Yingini ya kilo 350 (770-pound) ng’egwa okuva ku mita 1.5 (fuuti 5) ekola amaanyi agasukka mu 5,000 joules of impact agajja okumenya ekisambi, ekisambi oba ekiwanga mu kaseera ako; millisecond a hoist tips oba transmission shifts ku saddle yaayo, leka ekintu n'oyiringisiza/wekuba ebbali okuva wansi w'ekifo ekigwa.
2. TOTEKAAKO kitundu kyonna ku mutwe gwo, mu kifuba, emikono, oba ebigere wansi wa yingini, transmission, oba subframe ewanirirwa crane y’edduuka ly’amazzi yokka, chain hoist, oba hydraulic jack. Nga tonnatuuka wansi wa yingini eyimiridde okukyusa gaasikiti ya oil pan, teeka main seal emabega, oba thread motor-mount bolts, bulijjo wansi yingini ku solid emiti emigumu 6x6 cribbing blocks oba heavy-duty rated ekyuma yingini stands/jack stands.
3. Singa mukozi munno oba omuntu w’omu maka asibiddwa wansi wa bulooka ya yingini egudde, transmission, oba crane y’edduuka eriko enkokola, TOGEZAAKO kusitula bbulooka y’ekyuma eya kilo 350 ku bo n’omukono oba ng’oyatika vvaalu y’okufulumya amazzi ku crane efukamidde. Amangu ddala wedge solid hardwood 4x4 blocks, spare wheel rims, oba steel jack stands mu buli millimeter wa gap okwetoloola ekifuba kyabwe so the block cannot settle further, kuba 911 / 112 / 999 for fire rescue airbags, era bw'oba ositula n'ekyuma ekyokubiri eky'okusitula wansi ekitayonoonebwa, goberera etteeka lya "Lift an inch, crib an inch"; okulaba hydraulic jack okulemererwa ne pinned wansi w’emmotoka.
4. Nga tonnayiringisiza kifo kya yingini ekitikkiddwa wadde sentimita 10 (yinsi 4) okubuna wansi wa galagi, WANSI ENGINE okumpi ne wansi oba ku ttaka nga bwe kisoboka (sentimita 10 ku 15 / yinsi 4 ku 6 okuva ku seminti) amangu ddala nga kigogodde ekiwanirizi kya radiator core. Okuyiringisiza ekisitula nga yingini ya kilo 350 ewaniridde mita 1.8 (fuuti 6) mu bbanga kifuula crane okubeera waggulu-obuzito ekimala ne kiba nti okukuba washer emu eyagwa oba enjatika wansi kikyusa rig yonna mu maaso oba ebbali.
5. Kakasa nti amagulu abiri aga telescoping horizontal floor crane ga folding shop crane gagaziyiziddwa okutuukira ddala okukwatagana oba okusukka okutuuka kwa boom waggulu, nga ppini zonna ennya ezikaluba ez’ekyuma ezikubirwa ziyingiziddwa mu bujjuvu. Tokozesangako kintu ekisitula yingini ng’amagulu gaakyo agali wansi gazze emabega ekitundu oba nga gazingiddwa okusobola okugogola olutindo lw’omupiira olufunda.
6. TOSITUZA yingini ng’okozesa olujegere lwa standard hardware-store, tow straps ezirina enkoba eziggule ezitaliiko kkufulu, omuguwa, oba obuuma obusimbuddwa obutali bwa mutindo nga buwuziddwa emirundi 3 zokka mu mutwe gwa ssiringi ya aluminiyamu. Kozesa Grade-80 oba Grade-100 Overhead Lifting Alloy Chain yokka** (oba rated synthetic round-slings ezikuumibwa okuva ku mbiriizi z’ebyuma ebisongovu) eyungiddwako Grade 8 (imperial, 6 radial hash marks) oba Class 10.9 (metric) obuuma obukaluba obw’ekyuma obuteekeddwa mu waakiri emirundi 1.5 egy’obuwanvu bwa bulooti nga bukwatagana ku bbulakiti y’okusitula empanvu.

Omuti gw’okusalawo: Ekyuma ekisitula yingini, eky’okusiba enjegere, oba eky’okumenya emmotoka mu mbeera ey’amangu¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Garage Hoist, Engine Okusika, oba Transmission Drop Emergency"] --> Scenario{"Kika ki eky’embeera ey’amangu ey’okusitula galagi egenda mu maaso?"}
    Scenario -->|"Engine Hoist Tipping Forward/Ebbali oba Okusereba kwa Transmission"| BailOut["1. TOGEZAAKO kukwata mugugu oba okuwanirira emabega w’ekintu ekisitula; 2. Sindika/yiringisiza omubiri gwo mu bbali okuva mu kkubo ly’okugwa amangu ddala; 3. Emikono n’engalo gikuume wansi wansi wa bulooka y’ekyuma ekisuuliddwa egwa"]
    Scenario -->|"Makanika Asibiddwa Wansi Wa Yingini, Transmission oba Hoist Egudde"| Extricate["1. Kuba 911 / 112 / 999 amangu ddala ku Fire Heavy Rescue & Paramedics; 2. Wedge solid hardwood 4x4s, jack stands, oba sipeeya emipiira wansi w’omugugu amangu ddala ne zitasobola kutereera; 3. Singa omukoseddwa tasobola kussa: situla ne rated floor jack / upright hoist ku solid frame point ONLY nga osereba cribbing y’embaawo enkalu wansi w’omugugu buli sentimita 2 (yinsi emu); 4. Singa pinned over 15 to 30 min era nga ossa, kwataganya okufulumya ne EMS (Crush Syndrome) ."]
    Scenario -->|"Yingini Ewaniridde Waggulu Mu Mpewo Waggulu Wa Wansi Wa Seminti"| SafeLower["1. Ggoza ebikozesebwa byonna, obuuma obusiba, hoosi z’empewo, ne zipu-ties okuva mu kkubo lya floor caster; 2. Ddayo mmotoka okuva wansi wa yingini (oba roll hoist mpola emabega just okutuusa nga clear of bumper); 3. Ggulawo vvaalu y’okufulumya amazzi mpola NNYO (kukyuka 1/8) okukka yingini mu sentimita 10 (4 in) okuva wansi NGA TONNNA kwekulukuunya ku dduuka"]
    Scenario -->|"Engalo oba Omukono Gunyigiddwa mu Pinch Point (Bellhousing / Motor Mount)"| PinchInjury["1. TOYANGA lunwe olusibye okuva mu kifo ekizitowa eky’okunyiga; 2. Okuwagira omugugu ne jack/pry bar okuggulawo ekituli obuyonjo; 3. Fuga omusaayi, okuyimiriza okumenya, n’okukebera oba waliwo obuvune bw’omusuwa/amagumba agaggule"]

Lwaki "2-Ton" folding engine hoists zikyuka oba zisiba wansi wa yingini za kilo 450¶

1. Omutego gwa Telescoping Boom Leverage (Ttani 2 okusinziira ku Ttani 0.5) .¶

Kumpi buli crane y’edduuka ly’amazzi erikwatagana etundibwa ku galagi z’awaka n’ez’ebyobusuubuzi elangibwa nga "2-Ton (1,800 kg / 4,000 lb) Folding Engine Crane." Naye, tunuulira obulungi ebifo ebiriko sitampu ebisobola obusobozi bw’ekyuma okumpi n’omukono gwa boom ogwa waggulu ogutunula mu bbanga:

Makanika bw’aserengesa boom n’afuluma okutuuka mu kinnya eky’ebweru ekya 0.5-Ton (450-kilogram) okusika yingini ya dizero ey’ekyuma ekisuuliddwa oba yingini ya V8 eya bbulooka ennene + ekibiina kya ttanka: - Forward tip-over past the front casters: Ku cranes nnyingi ez’amaduuka ezikwata eby’ebbeeyi, nga boom eya waggulu egaziyiziddwa okutuuka ku Hole #4 era n’esitulibwa ku angle ya diguli 45, hook esitula mu butuufu ewaniridde kumpi vertically inline ne (oba okuyita) nnamuziga z’omu maaso ez’amagulu g’oku wansi okuggyako ng’amagulu aga wansi gagaziyiziddwa mu bujjuvu. Yingini ewanirira bw’egenda mu maaso katono, ekuba nnamuziga z’emabega ez’ekisitula okuva wansi n’esuula crane yonna n’esooka ku nnyindo ku kifo yingini oba makanika. - Okukuba telescoping square-tube shear oba lock-pin bending: Okukozesa obuuma obugonvu obwa hardware-store bolt oba screwdriver nga makeshift boom pin mu kifo kya factory 16-millimeter (⅝-inch) hardened alloy clevis pin kireetera pin okusala mu bitundu bibiri wansi w’omugugu, okukuba boom tube ey’omunda n’edda mu mast n’osuula yingini.

2. The High-Boom Caster Wheel Trip Hazard (Lwaki olina okuyiringisiza mmotoka, so si hoist) .¶

Namuziga za yingini ezisitula yingini ntono (milimita 75 ku 100 / yinsi 3 ku 4 mu buwanvu) ebizingulula ebigumu eby’ekyuma ekisuuliddwa oba ebikalu ebya phenolic ebikoleddwa okuyiringisibwa ku seminti omugonvu ng’endabirwamu, omutendera gwokka.

Bw’ositula yingini ya kilo 350 (pawundi 770) obuwanvu bwa mmita 1.8 (fuuti 6) okugogola ggirita empanvu ey’omu maaso eya pikipiki, center of gravity eya crane ne yingini ewuubaala nga bigattiddwa wamu bitambula mita emu n’ekitundu waggulu mu bbanga. Singa bamakanika babiri olwo ne bakwata ekisitula ne bakisika emabega okuyita mu dduuka nga yingini ekyawaniridde mmita 1.8 mu bbanga: - Namuziga emu eya caster mu maaso ekubye ekiyungo ekigaziya seminti ekya milimita 6 (yinsi ¼), socket ya mm 10 eyagwa, hoosi y’empewo, oba zip-tie. - Namuziga entono ey’ekyuma eyimirira mangu ng’efudde, ate pendulum ya kilo 350 ey’ekyuma ekisuuliddwa mita 1.8 waggulu egenda mu maaso n’okutambula mu bbanga ku sipiidi y’okutambula (etteeka lya Newton erisooka ery’okutambula). - Yingini ewuubaala esika waggulu wa boom n’eyita ku wheelbase enfunda ey’amagulu agali wansi, n’efuumuula crane yonna ne yingini ku mabbali oba mu maaso ku bamakanika mu sekonda ezitakka wansi wa 0.6.

Amateeka abiri aga zaabu ag'okutambuza ekintu ekisitula yingini ekitikkiddwa: 1. Buli lwe kiba kisoboka, yiringisiza CAR emabega okuva wansi wa yingini esituddwa okusinga okuyiringisiza ekisitula ekitikkiddwa: Yingini bw’emala okusitulwa okuva ku bifo ebiteekebwamu yingini, kuuma ekisitula yingini nga kiyimiridde ddala ku kifo kyayo ekya seminti ekipapajjo, sumulula buleeki y’emmotoka, era oyiringisize mmotoka emabega mpola mita 2 (fuuti 6.5) ku mipiira gyayo eminene egya kapiira egy’omukka. 2. Wansi yingini okutuuka mu sentimita 10 ku 15 (yinsi 4 ku 6) okuva wansi wa seminti AMANGU nga tonnayiringisiza hoist: Amangu ddala nga bampere y’emmotoka evudde wansi mu ssowaani ya woyiro, ggulawo vvaalu y’okufulumya amazzi ga jack mpola (never more than ⅛ turn) era wansi yingini okutuusa ng’ekibbo ky’amafuta kitudde sentimita ntono zokka waggulu wa wansi amagulu. Olw’obuzito bwa kilo 350 wansi ku buwanvu bw’enkizi, ekifo ekikulu eky’amaanyi ag’ekisikirize kiba kigumu ng’olwazi era tekisobola kuwugula kisitula ne bwe kiba nti ekyuma ekikuba enjatika kikuba enjatika.

Okulemererwa kw’omusipi gw’enjegere, okusimbula obuwuzi bwa aluminiyamu, n’obulabe bw’omugugu-leveler¶

1. Hardware-store chain vs. Grade-80 / Grade-100 olujegere lw’okusitula waggulu¶

Emu ku nsobi ezisinga okutta galagi kwe kugula obuwanvu bw’olujegere olumasamasa olusiigiddwa zinki okuva mu bbiini y’edduuka erirongoosa amaka (oba ng’okozesa olujegere olukadde olw’okutema emiti/okusika emiti olufuuse enfuufu) n’olusiba ku bbulooka ya yingini:

2. Lwaki obuuma busala oba buggyamu emitwe gya silinda ya aluminiyamu¶

Toyisa bulooti mu kifo ekiggule wakati w’olujegere n’ogisikula wakati mu kinnya ekiyamba ku bulooka ya yingini:

1. Bending vs. Tension/Shear on the bolt shank: Singa ekisumuluzo ekiwanvu kifuluma sentimita 4 (yinsi 1.5) okuva ku bulooka ya yingini ng’omuguwa gw’olujegere gulengejja okumpi n’omutwe gwa bulooti, ​​bulooti ekolebwako cantilever bending leverage ennene ennyo era n’ekutuka ddala ku maaso ga bulooka. Bulijjo ssika ekikwaso ekisitula ekyuma ekipapajjo (eriiso erisitula)** flush ku bulooka ya yingini ng’okozesa Grade 8 (SAE, layini 6 eza radial ku mutwe) oba Property Class 10.9 (Metric) obuuma obukaluba nga olina ebyuma ebikaluba ebiwanvu ebiwanvu, era osibe omuguwa gw’olujegere ku liiso ly’ekikwaso.
2. Obuziba bw’okukwatagana kw’obuwuzi mu Aluminiyamu omugonvu vs. Ekyuma ekisuuliddwa: Yingini ez’omulembe zitera okuba n’emitwe gya ssiringi egya aluminiyamu omusuuliddwa ne bulooka za yingini, ng’obuwuzi bwazo obw’omunda bulina amaanyi agasukka mu kitundu ky’amaanyi g’okusala ag’ekyuma ekisuuliddwa. Singa osiba obuwuzi bwa M10 mu 3 oba 4 turns zokka mu mutwe gwa aluminiyamu, omugugu gwa kilo 300 gujja kusikambula obuwuzi bwa aluminiyamu obugonvu okuva ddala mu kinnya nga butto nga bw’olengejja yingini.
3. Etteeka ly’okukwatagana n’obuwuzi obukakafu: Mu ekyuma ekisuuliddwa oba ekyuma, obuuma obusitula obuwuzi mu waakiri emirundi 1.0 ku 1.5 okusinga obuwanvu bwa buwuzi (okugeza, waakiri milimita 15 / yinsi 0.6 ez’obuziba bw’obuwuzi obwennyini ku buziba bwa M10). Mu aluminum asuuliddwa, obuuma obusitula obuwuzi mu waakiri emirundi 2.0 okusinga obuwanvu bwa bulooti (waakiri milimita 20 / yinsi 0.8 ez’obuziba bw’obuwuzi obuyonjo ku bulooti ya M10).
4. Toyungako nkomerero za lujegere bbiri wamu ng’okozesa nut and bolt ya hardware-store eya layisi oba carabiner ya aluminiyamu: Gatta ebitundu by’enjegere ebisitula byokka ng’okozesa alloy steel screw-pin shackle oba rated Grade-80/100 clevis hook eriko ekikondo ky’obukuumi ekikola.

Obulabe bw’okunyiga transmission, transfer case, ne differential emabega wansi w’emmotoka¶

Nga obubenje bw’okusitula yingini businga kubeera waggulu wa mmotoka, transmission, transfer case, EV battery pack, ne differential drops bubaawo nga makanika agalamidde ku mugongo butereevu wansi w’emmotoka esituddwa:

1. Lwaki transmissions ziyiringisibwa okuva ku flat floor jacks mu sikonda 0.2:
2. Transmission ya otomatiki (naddala transmission ya loole 4x4 ng’erina transfer case enzito ewaniridde ku ludda olwa kkono nga lopsided counterweight) erina bellhousing ya aluminiyamu eriko enkokola, eriko amafuta n’ekibbo kya woyiro ekitali kya bulijjo.
3. Singa makanika agezaako okutebenkeza ttanka ya kilo 110 (pawundi 240) ku kikopo ekitono ekyekulungirivu ekya sentimita 12 (yinsi 5) eky’emmotoka eya bulijjo hydraulic floor jack mu kifo kya wide-base dedicated Transmission Jack ng’erina ratcheting safety chain/strap, akaseera ke bawuuba transmission okudda emabega okusereba input shaft okuva mu clutch oba torque converter, obuzito obutali wakati obwa transfer case bukyusa transmission ebbali okuva ku jack pad butereevu ku kifuba oba ffeesi ya makanika.
4. Amateeka agafuga obukuumi bw'okuggyawo obutambuzi obukakatako:
5. Bulijjo kozesa Transmission Jack eyetongodde eya wide-saddle era onyweze ratcheting safety chain oba nylon hold-down strap bulungi waggulu ku transmission case nga tonnaba kuggyawo bellhousing bolts bbiri ezisembayo.
6. Togalamira ku wheeled mechanics creeper directly underneath a transmission being pried loose: Singa transmission ekyuka ku jack ng’ogalamidde ku wheeled creeper, okusika ku transmission kimala kuyiringisiza creeper yo mu kifo wansi w’obuzito obugwa, era obuwanvu bwa creeper obwa sentimita 5 bukendeeza ku bbugumu lyo mu kifuba wansi wa fuleemu y’emmotoka kale transmission egwa n’ekuba ppini yo sternum nga ekwatagana ne creeper frame. Gaala ku kitanda ekigonvu okuva ku mabbali g’omukutu gw’okutambuza omubiri kale omubiri gwo teguleme butereevu wansi wa kkubo lya bellhousing.
7. Kozesa "guide pins" bbiri ezitaliiko mutwe obuwanvu bwa milimita 100 (yinsi 4) (pilot studs): Nga tonnaggyawo buuma bubiri obusembayo obwa bellhousing, ssaako obuwuzi bubiri obuwanvu obw'ekyuma ekitaliiko mutwe mu bituli bya dowel ebya bbulooka ya yingini eya kkono ne ddyo. Nga bw’osika transmission emabega sentimita 5 (yinsi 2), bellhousing enzito esereba mu horizontal okuyita ku steel guide studs mu kifo ky’okugwa nose-down ne kigoba jack out.

Okununula omutendera ku mutendera ng’omuntu asibiddwa wansi wa yingini, ttanipaasi oba hoist¶

Singa crane y’edduuka egwa, olujegere ne lukutuka, oba transmission eseerera okuva ku jack n’esibira makanika wansi wa seminti oba munda mu kifo yingini:

1. Kebera okussa era okwata secondary settling mu sikonda 10 ezisooka:
2. Enduulu eri oyo afunye obuzibu okukebera okutegeera n’okumanya oba asobola okugaziya ekifuba kye okussa (traumatic asphyxia okuva mu transmission ya kilo 150 oba yingini ya kilo 350 ng’etudde ku sternum eremesa ekifuba okugaziwa era kireetera omutima okusiba mu dakiika 3 ku 5).
3. Mangu ddala serengesa cribbing ennywevu wansi w’empenda za yingini oba transmission: Kwata bulooka z’embaawo enkalu 4x4, steel jack stands, oba spare wheel/tire assembly ozisibe bulungi wansi wa exhaust manifolds, bellhousing, oba hoist boom omugugu guleme kwekulukuunya oba okutuula milimita endala ku muntu ayisiddwa; okulaba hydraulic jack okulemererwa ne pinned wansi w’emmotoka.
4. Kuba 911 / 112 / 999 mu bwangu: Saba Ekitongole ekizikiriza omuliro Heavy Technical Rescue ne Abayambi.
5. Engeri y'okusitula omugugu ku kifuba ky'oyo ayisiddwa obulungi (ssinga okuziyira amangu kuteeka obulamu mu matigga):
6. Singa transmission (kkiro 70 ku 150) etudde ku kifuba kya makanika wansi w’emmotoka: Sooka okakasa nti emmotoka yennyini ewaniriddwa bulungi ku rated jack stands (toserengeta wansi w’emmotoka ekuumibwa waggulu jack ya mazzi yokka okutaasa omuntu). Abadduukirize babiri bakozese jjaaki eya wansi wansi w’ekibbo ky’okutambuza amasannyalaze (oba ebbaala empanvu ey’ekyuma ekuba mmita emu n’ekitundu eriko levered ku bbulooka y’enku) okusitula obuzito sentimita 5 (yinsi 2) okuva ku sternum ate amangu ago nga bapakinga bulooka z’enku wansi w’ekibbo asobole okusereba okufuluma ebbali.
7. Singa yingini ya kilo 350 ne crane y’edduuka eriko tipped biba bisibye omugenzi wansi: Togezaako to okuyimiriza crane y’edduuka efukamidde okudda waggulu nga yingini ekyasibiddwa enjegere ku yo - ekyo levers yingini ewaniridde wansi n’amaanyi ku muntu. Mu kifo ky'ekyo, wagire bulooka ya yingini ku cribbing y'embaawo enkalu, sumulula oba osala olujegere lw'okusitula olugonvu bwe kiba kyetaagisa okuggyawo fuleemu ya crane eyaka okwawukana, era kozesa rated 3-ton floor jack ku solid flat cast-iron boss of the engine block okusitula block millimeter by millimeter nga opakinga hardwood cribbing wansi ("Lift an inch, crib an inch").
8. Okwegendereza Crush Syndrome (>eddakiika 15 ku 30 ez'okusiba):
9. Singa amagulu oba ekisambi ky’omuntu alina ppini (kale ekifuba kye n’omukutu gw’empewo biba bya ddembe ddala okussa) era nga bisibiddwa okumala eddakiika ezisukka mu 15 ku 30, kuuma omugugu nga gutebenkedde n’okusiba ebitanda era olinde abajjanjabi abasookerwako okumuwa amazzi mu misuwa n’okulondoola omutima nga tonnasumulula buzito bw’okunyiga.

Olukalala lw’okukebera rigging ya yingini ne drivetrain nga tonnasitula¶

Nga tonnapampagira mukono gwa mazzi ku crane yonna ey’edduuka oba jjaaki ya transmission:

• Kebera obuzito bwa yingini/transmission okusinziira ku EXACT hole rating ku crane boom: Toteebereza buzito bwa yingini (V8 dressed cast-iron with accessories ezitowa 270 ku 340 kg / 600 ku 750 lb; yingini ya 6-cylinder turbodiesel pickup ezitowa 450 ku 540 kg / 1,000 okutuuka ku 1,200 lb). Kakasa nti ekituli kya boom pin kiweereddwa ekipimo kya waakiri emirundi 1.5 ku buzito bwa yingini.
• Gaziya amagulu gombi wansi wansi okuyita ddala ku nsonga ya boom era osibe ppini z’ekyuma ezikalubye: Kakasa nti wansi wa galagi mutereevu, mukalu, era nga gusekuddwa ddala nga teguliimu ntangawuuzi, bulooti, ​​sockets, ne zip-ties.
• Kozesa Screw-Drive Engine Load Leveler (Tilter) nga erina olujegere lwa Grade-80 ne Grade-8 / Class 10.9 bolts: Teeka amagulu g’enjegere ag’ensonga nnya ku maaso agasitula ekkolero oba ebituli bya bulooti eziri ku mutwe gwa silinda (nga biriko obuziba bwa wuzi obutakka wansi wa 1.5x ku 2x n’ebyuma eby’ekyuma ebipapajjo), era okebere’s load leveler’s omuggo oguliko obuwuzi ne bbeeri ezisika enkomerero nga tonnasitula.
• Kola "2-Centimeter Tension Check" nga tonnasitula: Pump hoist just enough okuggya obuzito ku motor mounts by 2 centimeters (1 inch), olwo STOP era otambule ekkubo lyonna okwetoloola engine bay n'ettaala okukakasa nti buli bellhousing bolt emu, ground wire, fuel line, A/C hose, power steering hose, shift linkage, ne starter cable bweri ekutuddwaako.
• Tususa yingini ku yingini empanvu eya nnamuziga 4-base H-base Engine Stand (never a narrow 3-wheel tricycle stand) oba gikka ku pallet y’embaawo amangu ago: Yingini enfunda 3-wheel single-front-caster engine stands tip over sideways the moment you apply torque with a long breaker bar okuggyawo harmonic balancer oba cylinder head bolts; bulijjo kozesa ekifo ekigazi ekya 4-wheel H-base engine stand era oteeke bulooka y’embaawo wansi w’ennyindo y’omu maaso eya yingini ng’ossaako torque y’ekisumuluzo eya waggulu.

Ennamba z’embeera ez’amangu mu bitundu n’ebiragiro by’ebitongole¶

Bw’oba ​​oyita okutaasa abantu mu bwangu oluvannyuma lw’okugwa kw’ekintu ekisitula yingini, rigging okulemererwa, oba okulumwa galagi okumenya:

• United States ne Canada: Kuba 911 osabe Fire Department Technical Rescue (ku by’empewo ebisitula empewo n’ebisaasaanya amazzi) ne Advanced Life Support EMS. Obukuumi bw’okusitula, sling, ne jack mu kifo w’okolera bufugibwa OSHA 29 CFR 1910.184 (Eslings - zeetaaga enjegere z’ekyuma ekigereddwa era nga ziwera obuuma obw’ekiseera oba knots mu njegere), ASME B30.9 (Slings), ASME B30.16 (Overhead Underhung and Stationary Hoists), ne ASME PASE ( Safety Standard for Portable Automotive Service Equipment - ekwata ku cranes z’amaduuka ezikwatibwako, ebifo ebisimba yingini, ne jacks za transmission).
• Bungereza: Kuba 999 oba 112. Efugirwa Ekitongole ekivunaanyizibwa ku by’obulamu n’obukuumi (HSE) wansi w’etteeka lya Etteeka erifuga emirimu gy’okusitula n’okusitula ebyuma 1998 (LOLER) (nga mu mateeka liragira buli kisitula yingini y’omusomo, ekisero ky’enjegere, n’okusitula mmotoka okukeberebwa Okukeberebwa mu bujjuvu Omuntu Omukugu buli luvannyuma lwa myezi 6 okutuuka ku 12 era n’okutwala akabonero akategeerekeka akalaga nti Omugugu gw’Okukola ogw’Obulamu ku buli kifo kya boom) ne HSG261 (Ebyobulamu n’obukuumi mu kuddaabiriza mmotoka n’amakolero agakwatagana).
• Omukago gwa Bulaaya: Kuba 112. Cranes z’edduuka ly’amazzi ezikwatibwako ne jacks ezitambuza amasannyalaze zirina okugoberera EN 1494 (Jacks ezitambula oba ezitambula n’ebyuma ebisitula ebikwatagana nabyo) ne EN 818 (Short link chain for lifting purposes - Grade 8).
• Australia ne New Zealand: Kuba 000 mu Australia oba 111 mu New Zealand. Efugirwa wansi wa AS/NZS 2693 / AS 2550 (Cranes, hoists ne winch - Okukozesa mu ngeri ey’obukuumi) ne Safe Work Australia obulagirizi bw’omusomo gw’emmotoka.
• Buyindi ne Asia-Pacific: Kuba 112 mu Buyindi, 119 mu Japan ne South Korea, oba 995 mu Singapore.

Ebibuuzo ebitera okubuuzibwa¶

Lwaki ekisitula yingini yange eya "2-Ton" yasitulanga mu maaso oba yafukamira nga nsitula yingini ya loole ya kilo 500 (pawundi 1,100)?¶

Sitiika ya "2-Ton (1,800-kilogram / 4,000-pound)" ku crane y'edduuka ly'amazzi ekwatagana ekola nga omukono gwa telescoping boom gusindikiddwa okutuukira ddala mu kifo kyagwo ekisinga obumpi (Hole #1). Olw'obutonde bwa lever, okuserengesa omukono gwa boom ebweru okutuuka waggulu wa bamper ya loole kisala ku busobozi bw'okusitula ebitundu 75 ku buli 100: ku kinnya ekisinga ebweru (Hole #4), ekisitula "2-Ton" kiweebwa **Ttani 0.5 zokka (kkiro 450 / pawundi 1,000)**. Singa ekisumuluzo ekimu ekikwekeddwa oba ekissibwako mmotoka kikyakwatibwa ku fuleemu, okupampagira embwa ya ttani 8 ey’amazzi kyangu okutikka ensonga ya boom eya ttani 0.5 ne kikuba hoist mu maaso.

Lwaki kirungi okuyiringisiza mmotoka emabega okuva ku kisitula yingini ekigulumivu okusinga okuyiringisiza ekisitula emabega?¶

Okusitula yingini ya kilo 300 (pawundi 660) obuwanvu bwa mita 1.5 ku 1.8 (fuuti 5 ku 6) okugogola obuwagizi bwa radiator kifuula crane y’edduuka okubeera enzito ennyo waggulu ku nnamuziga zaayo entonotono ez’ekyuma eziweza sentimita 8 (yinsi 3). Singa osika ekisitula ekizito waggulu wansi ne nnamuziga n’ekuba ekisumuluzo ekigudde, zipu-tie oba enjatika ya seminti, nnamuziga ziyimirira nga zifudde ate yingini enzito n’ewuubaala mu maaso nga pendulum n’ekyusa crane. Okuyiringisiza mmotoka emabega ku mipiira gyayo eminene egya kapiira ng’okuuma ekisitula nga tekiyimiridde, olwo amangu ago n’okka yingini okutuuka ku sentimita 10 (yinsi 4) waggulu w’amagulu agali wansi, kiziyiza okugwa.

Lwaki sisobola kukozesa standard chain ne bolts okuva mu hardware store okusitula yingini?¶

Standard zinc-plated hardware-store chain ye low-carbon "Grade 30 Proof Coil" utility chain, ekikugirwa omutindo gw'obukuumi (OSHA / ASME B30.9 / EN 818) okusitula waggulu. Bwe bagisika okuyita mu nsonda ensongovu ey’ekyuma ekisuuliddwa ku bulooka ya yingini, situleesi y’okubeebalama esala ku maanyi g’enkolagana ebitundu ebisukka mu 50 ku buli 100, ekivaako ebiyungo okukutuka nga tebigoloddwa. Standard ungraded bolts (Grade 2) nazo zisala mangu. Bulijjo kozesa **Grade-80 oba Grade-100 alloy steel overhead lifting chain** eyungiddwa ku flat steel lifting brackets nga **Grade 8 (SAE) oba Class 10.9 (Metric)** obuuma obukaluba obusibiddwa obuwuzi obutakka wansi wa 1.5 ku 2 diameter yabyo mu block.

Nkomya ntya transmission enzito okuyiringisibwa okuva ku jack nga ndi wansi w’emmotoka?¶

Tobalansirako ttanka enzito ku ssanduuko entono eyeetooloovu eya jack eya bulijjo eya wansi naddala eya 4x4 ng’erina kkeesi y’okukyusa okuva mu makkati. Ebipande bya transmission ebikoonagana nga birimu amafuta bikyuka ne bidda ebbali okuva ku paadi ya jack eya wansi mu kaseera katono ng’obiggya ku ppini za yingini eziriko amazzi. Bulijjo kozesa wide-base **dedicated Transmission Jack** nga eriko corner brackets ne **ratcheting safety chain oba strap**, nyweza strap *nga tonnaba* kuggya bellhousing bolts ezisembayo, era togalamira ku wheeled creeper butereevu wansi w'ekkubo ly'okugwa.

Lwaki yingini za nnamuziga 3 za bulabe nnyo okusinga yingini za nnamuziga 4 eza H-base?¶

Bw’ossaako ttooki ya nyutoni-mita 150 ku 300 (fuuti-pawundi 110 ku 220) ng’okozesa ebbaala empanvu emenya okusumulula omutwe gwa silinda oba obuuma bwa crankshaft ku yingini esimbye, ekifo kya yingini ekya **namuziga 3 ("tricycle")** kituuka ku mabbali amangu ddala ng’amaanyi gasika okuyita ku layini enfunda ey’enjuyi essatu wakati wa nnamuziga emu ey’omu maaso ne nnamuziga ey’emabega. Bulijjo kozesa ekifo ekigazi ekya **4-wheel H-base engine stand**, era oteeke wood block oba jack stand wansi w’ennyindo y’omu maaso eya yingini nga tonnassaako torque ya wrench enkulu.

Nsooka kukola ki singa yingini bbulooka oba ttanka egwa ku muntu mu galagi?¶

Tosika crane ya tipping shop nga yeegolodde nga yingini ekyasibiddwa ku njegere, ekiyinza okukka omugugu omulundi ogw’okubiri. Mu sikonda 10 ezisooka, wedge bulooka z’embaawo enkalu, jack stands, oba sipeeya wheel wansi w’empenda za yingini oba transmission esobole obutayongera kusenga ku kifuba. Kuba 911 / 112 / 999 mu bwangu. Singa obuzito bulemesa okussa, kozesa jack ya wansi eya rated low-profile wansi wa solid flat boss ya yingini/transmission okugisitula sentimita 2 (inch emu) omulundi gumu nga opakinga solid wood cribbing mu bbanga ("Lift an inch, crib an inch").

Ekitabo kino kiwa ebiragiro by’obukuumi obw’amangu, rigging, n’okumenya-okufulumya ku bisitula yingini za galagi, slings z’enjegere, ne jacks z’emmotoka era tekidda mu kifo ky’okutendekebwa mu kukola mmotoka okukakasibwa oba amateeka ga ASME/LOLER agakwata ku kusitula. Lowooza ku ky’okukola omusomo gw’obujjanjabi obusookerwako ne CPR mu ngalo okuva mu Red Cross, St John Ambulance, oba ekitongole ky’omu kitundu ekitendeka abasawo ab’amangu.

Ebiragiro ebikwatagana nabyo¶

• Jack ya mazzi okulemererwa, jack stand okugwa, n’okusibira wansi w’emmotoka
• Winch cable snap, synthetic rope recoil, n’okulemererwa kwa rigging y’okuddamu okukola ku nguudo
• Crane tip-over, okugwa kw’omugugu okuyimiriziddwa, n’okukwatagana kwa layini y’amasannyalaze waggulu
• Amagumba agamenyese, okumenya, n’okunyiga obujjanjabi obusookerwako

Ensonda n’obulagirizi obutongole¶

• Ekibiina kya bayinginiya b’ebyuma mu Amerika (ASME, Amerika): Omutindo gw’obukuumi ogwa ASME PASE ku byuma ebitambuza mmotoka (Portable Floor Cranes, Engine Stands, ne Transmission Jacks) n’omutindo gw’obukuumi ogwa ASME B30.9 ku Slings
• Ekitongole ekivunaanyizibwa ku byokwerinda n’ebyobulamu ku mirimu (OSHA, Amerika): Slings - Alloy Steel Chain n’enkola y’emirimu etali ya bulabe (29 CFR 1910.184) ne Overhead ne Gantry Cranes (29 CFR 1910.179)
• Ekitongole ky’ebyobulamu n’obukuumi (HSE, Bungereza): Ebyobulamu n’obukuumi mu kuddaabiriza mmotoka n’amakolero agakwatagana (HSG261) n’ebiragiro ebikwata ku mirimu gy’okusitula n’ebyuma ebisitula 1998 (LOLER Approved Code of Practice L113)
• Akakiiko ka Bulaaya akakola ku mutindo (CEN): EN 1494 Jacks ezitambula oba ezitambula n’ebikozesebwa mu kusitula ebikwatagana nabyo ne EN 818 Short Link Chain for Lifting Purposes
• Omulimu ogw’obukuumi Australia: Emisomo gy’emmotoka Work Health and Safety Guide (Ebisitula yingini, Ebisitula mmotoka, n’okuziyiza okumenya)