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ISilumkiso saNgaphandle seSirini ziyakhala ngoku: I-Decoding Tornado, Tsunami, Dam-Failure, kunye ne-HazMat Siren Tones

Emergency numbers differ by country. This page uses 911, the number for the United States and Canada. Many other countries use 112, 999, or another number. Find the number for your country.

Ukuva ukugqobhoza, ukugquma kwe-125-decibel kamasipala Isilumkiso sangaphandle Siren (Civil Defense / All-Hazard Siren) jikeleza ummandla wakho - ngakumbi xa isibhakabhaka sibonakala sicacile, xa undwendwele isixeko ongasiqhelanga, okanye ngo-2:00 AM xa uvuka udidekile - kuxhokonxa i-adrenaline ekhawulezileyo kunye nokubhideka: "Ingaba inkanyamba ifika ngoku? Ngaba indawo yokuhluza imichiza okanye iplanti yamandla enyukliya phakathi kweekhilomitha ezili-10 ikhutshiwe yityhefu kumgama oziikhilomitha ezili-10? Okanye ngaba namhlanje luvavanyo nje lwesixeko ngo-12:00 PM kuqala-ngoLwesithathu-wenyanga?" KuMntla Merika, eYurophu, naseAsia-Pacific, amawakawaka abantu enza iimpazamo ezimbini ezinokuba yingozi xa kuvakala isandi sangaphandle: (1) Ukuhamba ngaphandle kwiveranda okanye kwingca engaphambili okanye ufowunele ingca* okanye ujonge phezulu* 911 ukubuza nje umthumeli "Kutheni i-sirens ikhala?"**, etyhutyha ngokukhawuleza yonke imigca ye-911 ye-trunk kwi-county ngexesha lefestile ye-3 yemizuzu xa abantu abavaleleke kwizakhiwo ezidilikileyo okanye ukubanjwa kwentliziyo bezama ukufikelela kwi-paramedics.

Ukuqonda ubunjineli be-acoustic kunye nemigangatho yokhuselo loluntu emva kweesiren zesilumkiso zangaphandle (FEMA CPG 1-17 / Outdoor Warning Systems Guide kwaye ANSI/ASA S12.14) ikunika isicwangciso sokusebenza esikhawulezileyo, esizolileyo semizuzwana engama-30. Okokuqala, Izilumkiso zangaphandle azikaze zenzelwe ukuba ziviwe ngokucacileyo ngaphakathi kwikhaya elanamhlanje eligqunyiweyo ** - zingokungqongqo ** i-acoustic poke yangaphandle ** yenziwe ngobunjineli obunentsingiselo enye kwihlabathi liphela kubo bonke oomasipala emhlabeni: "Into ebeka ubomi esichengeni yenzeka ngaphandle; NGENA NGAPHAKATHI NGOKUNGOKO, vala iifestile kunye neengcango ze-smartphone yakho, kwaye ujonge iWireless fowuni yakho.WEA), i-NOAA Weather Radio, okanye isikhululo sosasazo olungxamisekileyo sendawo ukufumanisa KUBA uye kumgangatho ongaphantsi (iTornado), utywine igumbi (i-Chemical Plume), okanye uphume kwindawo ephakamileyo (iTsunami / iDam Breach / Wildfire)." Okwesibini, ngokumamela ** imizuzwana eyi-10 ** ukuba i-siren ikhala i-Siren ** 3-Imizuzu eqhubekayo"Alert / Attention" - esetyenziselwa iiTornados, iZikhukula eziNyezi, iiTsunami, kunye ne-Industrial/Nuclear Plumes), Ithoni yamaza eLinyukayo kunye neyokuwa."Attack / Wail" - esetyenziselwa uKhuseleko loLuntu lwe-Air-Raid / izilumkiso zeMissile kwaye, kwezinye iipaseji zoshishino, i-Chemical Shelter-in-Place ebukhali), okanye Iithoni ezimbini zeHi-Lo / i-Electronic Voice Broadcast (Westminster Chime + Voice PA), kunye nokutshekisha ngokunqamlezayo ixesha lewotshi kunye neemeko zesibhakabhaka ngokuchasene neeshedyuli zovavanyo zikamasipala eziqhelekileyo, ungasibona esoyikiso phantsi kwemizuzwana engama-60.

(Ngokhuseleko lwenkanyamba, bona Iinkanyamba. Ukucoca imichiza okanye iiplamu zokususa uloliwe, bona Ugqabhuko-dubulo lwezityalo zekhemikhali, ukudilika koololiwe, kunye nekhusi-kwindawo yotywino. Ngeendawo zocwangciso olungxamisekileyo lwesityalo senyukliya, bona Ingozi yesityalo samandla enyukliya, iplamu yeradiation, kunye ne potassium iodide kunye nehlabathi lethu amanani kaxakeka ulawulo.)

Yenza oku ngoku

  1. Landela uMgaqo weHlabathi weZilumkiso zaNgaphandle ("Hear It Outdoors -> Go Indoors -> Tune In"): Ngena ngaphakathi kwesona sakhiwo sikufutshane esomeleleyo KWANGOKO kwaye UNGAZE ufowunele kwa-911 ubuze ukuba kutheni kukhala i-siren.
  2. Iingxilongo zesilumkiso zangaphandle (Federal Signal Modulator, Thunderbolt, 2001-130, Whelen Vortex, or Hörmann ECN) ikhona kuphela ukulumkisa abantu ngaphandle (kwiipaki, iiyadi, amabala ezemidlalo, amabala egalufa, okanye amalwandle) ukuba bangene phantsi kophahla kwaye bajonge imidiya kaxakeka.
  3. UNGAZE ucofe u-911 (okanye u-112/999) ukuze ubuze ngesiren ngaphandle kokuba uxela owona mlilo ubonakalayo, unxunguphalo lwezonyango, okanye ukuwa kwesakhiwo (see amanani kaxakeka).
  4. ** Yenza i-"5-Second Clock & Sky Check" ukulawula uVavanyo lweSiren yeNkqubo ecwangcisiweyo (but NEVER assume it is a test if storm clouds are present).**
  5. Jonga umzuzu ngqo kwiwotshi yefowuni yakho kwaye ujonge ngefestile:
    • Ingaba ngu-3:00 AM, 7:42 PM, okanye izandyondyo zemvula enamafu amnyama aluhlaza/amnyama? YI-100% IXESHA LOKWENENE. Phantsi kweNkonzo yeMozulu yeSizwe (NWS) kunye nemithetho ye-EMA karhulumente, oomasipala barhoxisa ngokuzenzekelayo zonke iimvavanyo ze-siren ezicwangcisiweyo zenyanga/zeveki nanini na kukho iindudumo ezinamandla, ukubukela kwenkanyamba, okanye iinkqubo zezaqhwithi ezisibekele kwindawo ukuze uluntu lungabhideki.
    • Ngaba isibhakabhaka si-100% esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka KUNYE yiwotshi ehleli phezulu kweyure okanye uphawu lovavanyo lwesiqingatha seyure (njenge 10:00 AM ngoLwesibini wokuqala e-Illinois, 1:00 PM ngolwesithathu wokuqala eMinnesota, 12:00 PM Emini ngoLwesithathu e-Ohio/1 AM ngoLwesithathu* ngoLwesithathu*, e-Ohio/1 ekuseni* ngoLwesithathu/1 eTexas Switzerland/France/Austria)? Jonga iwebhusayithi ye-EMA okanye i-Twitter/X feed ukuqinisekisa uvavanyo olucwangcisiweyo, oluqhuba i-30 ukuya kwimizuzwana eyi-180* (ihlala ilandelwa okanye ilandelwa yi-Westminster chime okanye isibhengezo selizwi: "Olu luvavanyo").
  6. ** Vula i-smartphone yakho kwaye ujonge amajelo amathathu kwangoko kwimizuzwana eli-15 ukubona eyona ngozi (Tornado vs. Chemical Plume vs. Tsunami / Dam Failure):**
  7. Ijelo A-Izilumkiso eziNgxamisekileyo ezingenazingcingo (WEA / Emergency Alerts Imbali yeSaziso): Tsala iziko lesaziso sefowuni yakho. Ukuba iSilumkiso seNkanyamba, iNgxaki eNgxamisekileyo yeZikhukula, i-HazMat Shelter-in-Place, okanye iSilumkiso seTsunami sikhutshiwe, i-FEMA's IPAWS (Integrated Public Alert and Warning System) ityhala i-zero-lag cell-broadcast banner ngqo kuyo yonke ifowuni engaphakathi kwepolygon.
  8. Ijelo B-NOAA Irediyo yeMozulu (162.400 to 162.550 MHz e-US/Canada) okanye i-FM/iNdaba ze-TV zasekuhlaleni ukusasaza ngokuKhoyo: Vula irediyo yeMozulu ye-NOAA esebenza ngebhetri okanye uvule umjelo weradar wesikhululo sikamabonwakude sakho (local meteorologists go wall-to-wall live on air within 10 seconds of any real tornado or HazMat siren activation).
  9. Ijelo C-uMkhombandlela woMoya kunye nokuJonga uBume beShishini (If You Live Within 16 km / 10 miles of a Refinery, Chemical Plant, Nuclear Station, Coastline, or Dam): Ukuba isibhakabhaka sicacile kwaye akukho silumkiso semozulu kwiradar, vala zonke iifestile, iingcango zangaphandle, kunye nezitshisi ezitshisayo ngoko nangoko, kwaye ucime umbindi wakho we-HVAC / fan-conditioner (preventing outdoor air from being pulled inside) ngelixa ujonga ukuba ishishini Shelter-in-Place (SIP) isilumkiso okanye iDam/Tsunami Evacuation umyalelo uyasebenza.
  10. ** Tshatisa indlela yakho yokukhusela yangaphakathi kwingozi eqinisekisiweyo (Basement vs. Upstairs Sealed Room vs. High Ground):**
  11. Ukuba iSilumkiso seNkanyamba / Imimoya Eyonzakalisayo yoMgca oLungileyo (130+ km/h / 80+ mph): Yiya kowona mgangatho uphantsi (basement, storm cellar, or interior ground-floor bathroom/closet away from windows)** uze ugqume intloko yakho ngomatrasi, isigcina-ntloko sebhayisekile, okanye iingubo ezinzima.
  12. ** Ukuba iMchiza yeMichiza, iRefinery, okanye iRailcar HazMat Plume (Shelter-in-Place):** Yiya igumbi elingaphakathi kumgangatho we-2 okanye kumgangatho ophantsi (UNGAZE ube nomgangatho ongaphantsi, kuba iklorine, i-ammonia, i-phosgene, kunye neegesi ze-hydrogen sulfide zinzima kunomoya kwaye zitshone kwiindawo ezingaphantsi), vala i-HVAC, kwaye uvale ucango / iintanda zefestile ngeteyiphu ye-duct kunye neetawuli ezimanzi.
  13. ** Ukuba iSilumkiso seTsunami, iLahar, okanye iDama eliNyu-Failure Siren ( ecaleni koNxweme okanye i-River Valley): ** ** UNGAhlali ngaphakathi kwindlu yakho ** - bamba izitshixo zakho kwaye uhambe ngeenyawo okanye ngemoto ** ngoko nangoko unyuke ukuya kumhlaba ophakamileyo (at least 30 meters / 100 feet above sea level or 3 kilometers / 2 miles inland)**.

Kutheni kungabikho ithowuni yeSiren 'ecacileyo'-kwaye kutheni ukuqhushumba kweSiren yesibini kuthetha ukuba iLiza leSibini liyabetha

Elinye lawona mabali abulalayo asezidolophini ekulungiseleleni imeko yonxunguphalo yinkolelo yokuba "Xa isandisi-lizwi siyeka emva kwemizuzu emi-3, ingozi iphelile, okanye isixeko siya kuvakala ngesandi esikhethekileyo esithi 'Konke-Kucacile'." - Kutheni iiSiren Ziyeka Emva kweMizuzu emi-3: Iisiren ezijikelezayo zombane (driven by 10-to-40-horsepower electric motors or battery banks) velisa ubushushu obugqithisileyo kunye nokuphuma kwebhetri. Ukugcina i-motor windings ingatshi kwaye igcine amandla ebhetri ngexesha lokucima kwegridi, iisiren zicwangciswe ukuba zivakale kwi-**3 yemizuzu yokuvula imijikelo yokuvula **, emva koko uthule ngelixa inkanyamba okanye i-chemical plume ** isahamba ngenkuthalo kwingingqi yakho . - Ayikho NO "Yonke-Ecacileyo" iSiren kwi-99% ye-North American & European Cities: Ukuba i-siren iyayeka kwaye emva koko iqala ukulila okwesibini okanye okwesithathu emva kwemizuzu emi-5 **, oko kukuthi ** NOT ** isibonakaliso se-"All-Clear" - ** kuthetha ukuba iNkonzo yeMozulu yeSizwe okanye iZiko leMisebenzi eNgxamisekileyo livele livuse okwesibini okanye i-sirendo shiren, i-sirendo okanyi-sirendo. unxunguphalo olubeka ubomi bakho esichengeni usakuthwaxa. Hlala kwindawo yakho ekhuselekileyo de i-NOAA Weather Radio okanye i-smartphone Emergency Alert iqinisekisa ngokucacileyo ukuba isilumkiso siphelelwe lixesha.

Umthi wesigqibo: Ukucacisa i-siren yesilumkiso yangaphandle phantsi kwemizuzwana engama-60

flowchart TD
    Start["Isilumkiso seSiren sangaphandle siqala ukuvakala kwiNdawo yakho ngoku"] --> GoInside["INyathelo 1 (0-15 Sec): NGENA NGAPHAKATHI KANGAKA (Ungaze ume Ngaphandle ujonge esibhakabhakeni kwaye ungaze ufowunele 911 uBuze Kutheni)"]

    GoInside --> SkyTimeCheck{"Inyathelo 2: Jonga iSky & Clock: Ngaba iSky Clear Blue kwiMizuzu eyaziwayo yeNyanga/yeVeki yoVavanyo (umzekelo, emini/emini/10 AM/11 AM ngoLwesibini wokuqala/ngoLwesithathu)?"}

    SkyTimeCheck -->|"HAYI: Isibhakabhaka esinesaqhwithi, ixesha lasebusuku, iyure engasebenziyo, OKANYE ungaqinisekanga"| CheckWEA["Inyathelo lesi-3: Jonga i-Smartphone Emergency Alerts (WEA), NOAA Weather Radio, kunye ne-Local TV Live Radar ngoko nangoko"]

    SkyTimeCheck -->|"EWE: Isibhakabhaka esicacileyo ngeyure yovavanyo ecwangcisiweyo"| VerifyTest["Mamela i-60 Sec (Westminster Chime / 'Olu luvavanyo' Voice PA) kwaye Qinisekisa kwi-County EMA Feed"]

    CheckWEA --> HazardMatch{"INyathelo 4: Yeyiphi INgozi kaNgxamiseko kunye nePhatheni yeTowuni yeSiren esebenzayo?"}

    HazardMatch -->|"1. INkanyamba / Umoya onamandla (130+ km/h) + Izinzile 3-Min Ithowuni yesilumkiso"| TornadoShelter["I-TORNADO POSTURE: Yiya kwi-Basement okanye kwi-Lowest Interior Room Windowless; Khusela iNtloko kunye neNtamo"]

    HazardMatch -->|"2. I-Chemical / Refinery / Nuclear EPZ Plume (Isibhakabhaka esicacileyo + iSiren yeShishini / isijwili okanye iHi-Lo)"| ChemShelter["I-HAZMAT SHELTER-IN-PLACE: Vala iiWindows, Cima i-HVAC/AC, Vala iGumbi ngaPhakathi EZINGAPHEZU KOMHLABA"]

    HazardMatch -->|"3. Itsunami yoNxweme / Ukusilela kweDama loMlambo / iLahar (Isijwili + Ilizwi PA 'Phuma')"| EvacHigh["UKUPHUMA OKUNEMI OKUNQO / OKUPHAKAMILEYO: Sukuhlala kwiKhaya elikuManzi-> Shenxela eNqabeni (30m+ / 100ft+) Ngoko nangoko"]

    HazardMatch -->|"4. Uhlaselo lokunyuka nokuwa / isililo soHlaselo loMoya (iNgxakeko yoKhuseleko loLuntu)"| BlastShelter["UKHUSELEKO LOLUNTU / INDLELA YOKUQHUBEKA: Hambisa kweyona ndawo ingaphantsi komhlaba ingaphantsi komhlaba okanye iConcrete Core; Ukubeka iliso kuSasazo lweSizwe oluNgxamisekileyo"]

Inqanaba loku-1: Itheyibhile ye-acoustic decoding: zeziphi iithowuni ze-siren ezahlukeneyo ezithetha ntoni (FEMA CPG 1-17 & International Standards)

Uninzi lweesayireni zanamhlanje zangaphandle zisebenzisa nokuba ichopha ejikelezayo ngoomatshini (producing a pure 400 to 600 Hz acoustic horn blast) okanye i-omni-directional yoluhlu lwesithethi sombane (Federal Signal Modulator / Whelen WPS ekwaziyo ukusasaza zombini iithowuni zokwenziwa kunye nemiyalelo yelizwi evakalayo evakala kakhulu).

Universal & kwiNgingqi Isilumkiso Ipatheni yeTowuni yeSiren

Ipateni yeSiren Acoustic Inkcazo yesandi kunye neCadence Intsingiselo esemthethweni esisiseko (US / Canada / International) Inyathelo elifunekayo ngokukhawuleza
1. Ithoni eZinzileyo eZinzileyo ("Alert / Attention Signal") Inqaku lephondo elinye, elithe tyaba, elingashukumiyo (typically 440 to 560 Hz) igcinwe ngokuqhubekayo kwivolumu epheleleyo **3 ukuya kwimizuzu emi-5 ** ngaphandle kokunyuka okanye ukuwa (sounds like a giant continuous foghorn or single air-horn note). Intlekele yeNdalo okanye yeTekhnoloji ngexesha loxolo (FEMA Standard Alert Signal):
- Isilumkiso ngeNkanyamba (okanye 130+ km/h / 80+ mph Imimoya yeNdudumo eyonakalisayo);
- Iziko laMandla eNyukliya 16-km / 10-mile EPZ Isivuseleli (meaning: Go inside and tune to EAS radio/TV);
- I-Tsunami okanye iSilumkiso seZikhukula ezidanyazayo kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni/kwiintaba.		 Ngena endlini ngoko nangoko; Jonga i-NOAA Weather Radio / Smartphone WEA / Isikhululo seTV se-EAS sengingqi siqinisekisa ukuba sithobe phantsi kwigumbi elingaphantsi (Tornado) okanye uphume umqa (Tsunami/Flood).
2. Ukunyuka-nokuwa-Liza eligutyuzayo ("Attack / Wail Signal") I-pitch inyuka ngokucothayo ukuya kwisikhalo esiphakamileyo ngaphezulu kwemizuzwana emi-4, emva koko yehla iye kwisandi esiphantsi ngaphezulu kwemizuzwana emi-4, iphinda-phinda inyuka-kunye-phantsi ngokuqhubekayo isijwili samaza ** kangangemizuzu eyi-3 (classic World War II air-raid siren sound). 1. Federal Civil Defense (FEMA Attack / Air-Raid Warning);
2. IKhorido yoShishino / yeMichiza Shelter-in-Place Umqondiso: Kwizixeko ezinzima zepetrochemical (such as the Houston Ship Channel / Deer Park / La Porte TX, Louisiana Cancer Alley, and Sarnia "Chemical Valley" Ontario), i-Wail engapheliyo okanye ngokukhawuleza i-Whoop iyalela ngokuthe ngqo i-Chemical Shelter-in-Place ekhawulezayo;
**3. Tsunami / Lahar Evacuation ** kwiindawo ezithile zePasifiki kuMntla-ntshona (e.g., Pierce County WA Mount Rainier lahar sirens).		 **Ngena ngaphakathi kwisakhiwo esitywiniweyo ngokukhawuleza **; ukuba kwindawo yepetrochemical/nuclear, cima i-HVAC kwaye uvale iifestile; ukuba kunxweme oluphawulweyo lweTsunami/ummandla weLahar, phuma uye kumhlaba ophakamileyo.
3. Ukutshintshelaniswa kweethoni ezimbini "Hi-Lo" (European Fire/HazardChime) Itshintsha ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwamanqaku omculo amabini ahlukeneyo (Ee-Aww, Ee-Aww njenge-ambulensi yaseYurophu) okanye iipulses ezimfutshane ezikhawulezayo. Isetyenziswa yikhampasi/inkqubo yokulumkisa ngezityalo ze-Ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezinobuNgozi / Ukuvalwa kweKhampasi, okanye kwiindawo zaseYurophu (Germany/Austria) njengevolontiya yophawu lokuhlanganisa abacimi-mlilo. Hambisa ngaphakathi endlini kude nomjikelezo wemizi-mveliso okanye utshixe iingcango kwaye ujonge ikhampasi/izilumkiso zetekisi zikamasipala.
4. I-Westminster Chime + Idilesi yeLizwi elithethiweyo kawonke-wonke (Voice PA) Amanqaku amane omculo we-chime (Ding-Dong-Ding-Dong, njengewotshi katatomkhulu) elandelwa lilizwi elivakalayo ledijithali lithetha esibhakabhakeni. Uvavanyo lweNgxaki yasemini OKANYE iNgxamiseko eJongene neLizi eliQhelekileyo (Tsunami, Dam Breach, Wildfire, or Campus Active Threat): Iisayireni zesithethi sombane (Modulator / Whelen) sebenzisa ii-chimes ze-Westminster Ngokukodwa ukutyumba uvavanyo lwesiqhelo olungelulo olungxamisekileyo, kanti kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo basasaza isijwili se--10 sesibini esilandelwa ngumyalelo welizwi elithethiweyo ("Warning: A Tsunami Warning has been issued; evacuate to high ground immediately"). Ukuba uva amagama athethiweyo ephuma kwi-siren tower kodwa awukwazi ukuwachaza ngokuthe ngqo amagama ngenxa ye-echo (multipath distortion), vula ifestile imizuzwana emi-5 ukumamela phakathi kweechoes KWAYE ujonge i-Emergency Alerts kwifowuni yakho.

Inqanaba lesi-2: Izinto ezi-4 ezibangela iisiren zedolophu yakho (It isn't just tornadoes)

Nakwi-American Midwest ("Tornado Alley") kunye ne-Southeast ("i-Dixie Alley"), abaphathi bexakeka baye bandise imigaqo-nkqubo yokuvula i-siren kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo ukusuka kwi-"Tornado-Only" ukuya "IiNkqubo zeZilumkiso zangaphandle zonke ze-Hazard." Kuxhomekeka kwindawo ohlala kuyo, nantsi i-4 iqhosha elithile lezinto ezibangela ukuba i-siren isebenze kwi-9 ebangela ukuba umlawuli we-siren acinezele i-counter okanye i-EMA kwi-county

1. IMozulu Emandundu: Izilumkiso zeNkanyamba KUNYE “nezilumkiso ezitshabalalisayo zeNdudumo” (>= 130 km/h / 80 mph Winds okanye >= 7 cm / 2.75 in Baseball Hail)

  • Kutheni iiSirens Zikhala Xa kungekho Tornado: Ukusukela ngo-2021, iNkonzo yeMozulu yeSizwe yaseU.S.NWS) uhlela izilumkiso zeNdudumo eziMandundu zibe ngamanqanaba amathathu: Isiseko, Sinokuqwalaselwa, kunye Esitshabalalisayo (winds >= 130 km/h / 80 mph - ilingana nenkanyamba ye-EF0/EF1 okanye umgca othe ngqo Derecho / Microburst - okanye hail >= 7 cm / 2.75 inches ububanzi).
  • Ngenxa yokuba i 80 to 100 mph (130 to 160 km/h) umgca othe ngqo ugqabhuka wemithi emikhulu yom-oki kwiintente, ezimotweni, kunye nophahla ngobundlobongela njengenkanyamba, uninzi lwee-Arhente zoLawulo oluNgxamisekileyo kwingingqi ngoku zikhalisa iisiren zazo ezilumkisayo zangaphandle ZOMBINI Izilumkiso zeNkanyamba KUNYE neZilumkiso eziNyikisayo zeNdudumo.
  • I-Polygon vs. I-County-Wide Activation: Uthungelwano lwe-siren endala isandi ** yonke i-siren enye kwi-county yonke ** nanini na xa ipholygoni yenkanyamba ichukumisa ikona enye yelizwe. Iinkqubo zangoku GPS/Polygon-Targeted Siren Systems (such as Federal Signal Commander) ngokuzenzekelayo dubula kuphela iisayireni ezithile ezibekwe ngaphakathi kwiNkonzo yeMozulu yeSizwe yeNkonzo yeMozulu ebomvu esekelwe kwipolisa yesilumkiso.

2. I-Petrochemical Refinery & Chemical Plant CAER Iintsimbi (Shelter-in-Place Zones)

  • Ukuba uhlala kufutshane nendawo yokuhluza ioyile enkulu, imveliso yeekhemikhali, indawo yokunyanga amanzi eklorini, okanye iplanti yeammonia engenamanzi (anhydrous ammonia)such as Pasadena/Deer Park/Baytown TX, Lake Charles/Baton Rouge LA, Sarnia ON, Grangemouth UK, or Ludwigshafen Germany), iisiren ezifakwe ecaleni kohola wendlela kunye nocingo lweplanti Ulwazi loLuntu kunye neMpendulo eNgxamisekileyo (CAER) Iintsimbi.
  • Xa ishishini CAER Isandi se-siren (ngaphandle kwexesha lovavanyo lweveki, njenge-NgoMvulo nge-12:00 PM eSarnia* okanye ngoLwesithathu ngo-11:00 AM / 12:00 PM kwi-Texas Gulf Coast), ithetha ukuthi UNGAngeni emotweni yakho ukuze uqhube ngelifu lekhemikhali - iyalela ukuba uphumeze i-"Shelter4--Go In, Stay In, Tune In)" inkqubo**:
  • Ngena ngaphakathi kwesona sakhiwo sikufutshane ngokukhawuleza kwaye ungenise izilwanyana zasekhaya ngaphakathi;
  • Tshixa zonke iingcango, vala zonke iifestile, kwaye uvale izidambisi mlilo;
  • Cima zonke izifudumezi zomoya, iziko, iimpompo zobushushu, iifeni zokupholisa igumbi lokuhlambela, kunye nezomisi mpahla ukuze indlu yakho iyeke ukufunxa umoya ongcolileyo wangaphandle ngaphakathi; kwaye
  • Jonga i-CAER / i-E-Yazisa i-App okanye iSikhululo sikanomathotholo sikaNgxamiseko* kwindawo yakho (see Ugqabhuko-dubulo lwezityalo zekhemikhali, ukudilika koololiwe, kunye nekhusi-kwindawo yotywino).

3. UMzimveliso waMandla weNyukliya 16-Kilometer (10-Mile) Plume Exposure Pathway EPZ I-Sirens

  • Ngaphantsi kwe-*U.S. IKhomishini yoLawulo lweNyukliya (NRC) kunye nemigaqo ye-FEMA (NUREG-0654 / FEMA-REP-1)**, yonke iplanti yamandla enyukliya eMntla Melika igcina isangqa esinamandla amakhulu Isilumkiso kunye neNkqubo yeSaziso (ANS) Iintsimbi ezigubungela i-*16-kilomitha (iikhilomitha ezili-10) irediyasi (the Plume Exposure Pathway Emergency Planning Zone / EPZ)**.
  • Umgaqo oBalulekileyo: Isixhobo senyukliya se-EPZ siren UNGAZE ibe ngumyalelo ozenzekelayo wokukhutshwa kwabantu kwindawo ethile. Ngokungqongqo yi- "Ingqalelo / Umqondiso weSilumkiso" eyalela abahlali kumgama oziikhilomitha ezili-16 (iikhilomitha ezili-10) ukuba bangene ngaphakathi ezindlwini kwaye bacule ngoko nangoko kwiNkqubo yeSilumkiso seNgxamiseko yengingqi yabo (EAS) unomathotholo okanye isikhululo sikamabonakude, apho amagosa ezempilo karhulumente ayakuthi abhengeze ukuba yeyiphi imimandla ethe ngqo iimayile ezi-2 okanye ezi-5 zeemayile zomoya wecandelo eliphantsi lomoya (ERPAs) kufuneka ikhusi ngaphakathi endlwini, thatha Potassium Iodide (KI), okanye phuma (see Ingozi yesityalo samandla enyukliya, iplamu yeradiation, kunye ne potassium iodide).

4. Itsunami engaseluNxwemeni, iVolcanic Lahar, kunye neDama loMbane waManzi-UkuFailure Inundation Sirens

  • Ngaselunxwemeni lwaseHawaii, Oregon, Washington, California, Alaska, British Columbia, Japan, Chile, New Zealand , kunye neentlambo zemilambo ngokuthe ngqo ezantsi komlanjana omkhulu ** amadama ombane, amadama omhlaba, okanye imikhenkce yentaba-mlilo (such as Mount Rainier's Puyallup/Carbon/Nisqually river valleys), iinqaba zesiren eziluhlaza okanye ezityheli zii-Ezi Sirens zokuPhuma.
  • Ngokungafaniyo nenkanyamba okanye iisiren zekhemikhali (apho ukungena ngaphakathi kwegumbi lakho elingaphantsi okanye indlu kukukhusela), ** ukuva i-Tsunami Siren yonxweme (ingakumbi emva kokuva inyikima okanye ukubona amanzi olwandle ehla) okanye i-Valley Dam-Breach / Lahar Siren ithetha udonga lwamanzi okanye udaka oluhla kumgangatho wentlambo.

Inqanaba lesi-3: Iishedyuli eziqhelekileyo zovavanyo lwesiren kamasipala (How to tell a routine weekly/monthly test from a real emergency)

Isixeko ngasinye sivavanya iisiren zaso zangaphandle kwishedyuli engqongqo, epapashiweyo yekhalenda ukuze oomatshini baqinisekise ukuba iibhanki zebhetri ezingama-48-volt, iitshaja zelanga, iidekhowuda zikanomathotholo zeVHF/P25, kunye neenjini ezijikelezayo azikabanjwa.

IiShedyuli zoVavanyo lweSiren eziQhelekileyo zeNgingqi (Always Verify With Local Sky Conditions)

Ulawulo / Ummandla Usuku loVavanyo oluCwangcisiweyo oluQhelekileyo kunye nexesha elichanekileyo lewotshi Ubude bexesha lovavanyo kunye nesandi Umgaqo wokuCima ngokuzenzekela
US Midwest - Illinois NgoLwesibini wokuqala weNyanga nganye ngo-10:00 AM (Statewide statute) I-1 ukuya kwimizuzu emi-3 i-Alert engaguqukiyo ilandelwa yi-Attack wail. Irhoxisiwe ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba kukho nasiphi na iwashi yemozulu embi/isilumkiso okanye amafu esoyikisayo akufutshane nommandla.
US Midwest - Minnesota & Wisconsin NgoLwesithathu Wokuqala weNyanga nganye ngo-1:00 PM (MN Statewide & ezininzi ze-WI counties; ezinye iidolophu ze-WI zivavanya ngeMigqibelo emini emaqanda) I-1 ukuya kwi-3 imizuzu ithoni ezinzileyo. Irhoxisiwe ngexesha lemozulu embi kakhulu.
US Midwest/Amathafa - Ohio, Oklahoma, Kansas, Texas (North/Central) Rhoqo ngooLwezithathu ngo-12:00 PM Emini (okanye NgoLwesithathu Wokuqala weNyanga ngo-12:00 PM; iimvavanyo zase-Oklahoma City NgoMgqibelo ngo-12:00 Emini) Imizuzwana engama-30 ukuya kwimizuzu emi-3 ithoni ezinzileyo (or Westminster Chime + Voice Test). Ayizange ivavanywe ngemini enamafu/yemvula e-Oklahoma, Kansas, okanye eTexas (if sirens sound in rain, it is REAL).
** UNxweme lwePetrokhemikhali yase-US-iTexas (iDeer Park / iPasadena / iBaytown) kunye neLouisiana ** NgoLwesithathu ngo 11:00 AM okanye 12:00 PM Emini (Texas CAER) / NgoMvulo ngo 12:00 PM Emini (Louisiana Industrial Corridor & Sarnia ON) Imizuzwana engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60 isijwili/ihuuuu + isibhengezo selizwi "Olu luvavanyo." Irhoxisiwe ngexesha leziganeko zezityalo ezisebenzayo okanye imozulu embi.
I-US Pacific-Inkqubo yeSiren yaseHawaii Statewide yangaphandle Usuku lokuqala lokuSebenza kwiNyanga nganye nge-11:45 AM (400+ green/solar sirens statewide) Imizuzwana engama-60 ezinzileyo Ithoni yeSilumkiso seNgqalelo (ingqamene nenyanga EAS Uvavanyo lukamabonakude/nomathotholo). Ingxakeko yokwenyani isebenzisa imizuzu emi-3 uqhushumbo lokuhamba ngebhayisekile olukhatshwa WEA izilumkiso zefowuni.
** IManyano yaseYurophu - France (SAIP), eSwitzerland, eOstriya, eJamani** France: NgoLwesithathu Wokuqala weNyanga nganye ngo-11:45 AM (Zone Nord), 12:00 PM (Centre), 12:15 PM (Sud)
Ostriya: Rhoqo ngoMgqibelo ngo-12:00 PM emini (15-second single-blast test)
Switzerland: NgoLwesithathu wokuqala kaFebruwari ngo-1:30 PM (Annual nationwide check of 7,200 sirens)
Jamani: NgoLwesine weSibini kaSeptemba ngo-11:00 AM (Bundesweiter Warntag)		 I-France izandi ** umjikelo o-1 we-1 min 41 sec** isijwili esingapheliyo (a real emergency sounds 3 repeated cycles separated by 5-second pauses). Nayiphi na i-siren engaphandle kwaloo mizuzu yewotshi ngqo yimeko kaxakeka (tune to France Info / ORF / SRF / NINA App).

Kutheni kufuneka ube ungumnikazi werediyo yeMozulu ye-NOAA enebhetri EFANAYO (Ungaze uxhomekeke ekuveni iSiren yaNgaphandle eBhedi nge-2:00 AM)

Kuhlolisiso lwasemva kwentlekele olwenziwa yiNational Weather Service emva kweenkanyamba ezibulalayo zasebusuku ze-EF4/EF5 eKentucky, eTennessee, Alabama naseMississippi, inkitha yabasindileyo yanikela le ngxelo: “Andizange ndive kukhalaza ngaphandle de uphahla lwalusele luyikrazula indlu yam.” - Isizathu Sokuba Ungevi Iintsimbi Zangaphandle Endlwini Ebusuku: Iifestile ezineefestile ezintathu, iindonga zezitena, izandyondyo zemvula ebetha uphahla, izivutheli zomoya ezipholileyo, noomatshini bokulala abanengxolo emhlophe bathomalalisa isandi sangaphandle nge40 ukuya kuma-60 decibel (reducing a 110 dB street sound to a faint 50 dB hum inside a closed bedroom). - Isisombululo: Beka **$35 NOAA All-Hazards Weather Radio nge SAME (Specific Area Message Encoding) kunye AA ukugcinwa kwebhetri ** (efana ne-Midland WR120 okanye WR400) kwindawo yakho yasebusuku, KWAYE uqinisekise useto lwe-smartphone yakho (Settings -> Notifications -> Emergency Alerts) ukuba Izilumkiso eziNgxamisekileyo ezingenazingcingo (WEA) kwaye Soloko uDlala isandi (Bhala ngaphezulu Thula/Ungaphazamisi) zichongiwe KU.

Iinombolo zengingqi zikaxakeka kunye neeprothokholi ze-arhente

Ilizwe / Ummandla I-Emergency Dispatch (Kubomi Obububo/uNgxamiseko loMlilo Kuphela) Usasazo olusemthethweni lweSilumkiso soLuntu kunye neNkqubo ye-Smartphone App ISiren eLawulayo kunye noMgangatho woKhuseleko loLuntu
Amazwe Amanyene 911 I-FEMA IPAWS (Wireless Emergency Alerts / WEA) + NOAA Weather Radio (162.400-162.550 MHz) + INkqubo yeSilumkiso sikaNgxamiseko (EAS Umabonakude/irediyo) + FEMA Mobile App FEMA CPG 1-17 (IsiKhokelo seeNkqubo zeSilumkiso sangaphandle) & NUREG-0654 / FEMA-REP-1 (Nuclear EPZ Sirens).
Khanada 911 Isilumkiso Silungile (En Alerte) Usasazo lweSeli + Weatheradio Canada + Sarnia-Lambton MyCNN CAER Alert (in Ontario Chemical Valley: 1-855-472-7642 umgca wolwazi) UKhuseleko loLuntu lwaseKhanada INkqubo yeSizwe yokuQatshelwa koLuntu (NPAS) kunye neCSA Z1600 yoMgangatho woLawulo oluNgxamisekileyo.
United Kingdom 999 okanye 112 Izilumkiso zikaRhulumente wase-UK eziNgxamisekileyo (gov.uk/alerts) Usasazo lweSel0345 988 1188)** Imigaqo yeCOMAH 2015 (Control of Major Accident Hazards): Iziza zekhemikhali ezikumgangatho ophezulu/izicoci kunye neziza zenyukliya (e.g., Sellafield, Grangemouth, Fawley) gcina iisiren ezilumkisa uluntu ngaphandle kwendawo.
Imanyano yaseYurophu 112 I-EU-Alert Cell Broadcast (FR-Alert eFransi, DE-Alert + NINA / Katwarn Usetyenziso eJamani, NL-Alert eNetherlands, AT-Alert eOstriya) IKhowudi yoNxibelelwano ngeKhompyutha yaseYurophu yaseYurophu (EECC Article 110) + Iikhowudi zeSiren zoKhuselo lweSizwe (Signal National d'Alerte eFransi; DIN 4109 / BBK Sirenensignale eJamani).
Ostreliya kunye neNew Zealand 000 (AU) / 111 (NZ) Isilumkiso sikaNgxamiseko saseOstreliya (Ilizwi/i-SMS ngendawo) + Irediyo yeNdawo ye-ABC + NEMA iSilumkiso seNgxamiseko yeNgxamiseko yeSiselfowuni (NZ) + Umqondiso weSilumkiso seNgxakeko oMgangatho (SEWS) Incwadi ye-Australian Resilience Resilience Disaster (Umqondiso oMgangatho weSilumkiso seNgxakeko-I-SEWS) kunye ne-NZ yoKhuseleko loLuntu uMgangatho woBugcisa weTsunami Siren (TS 04/20).
Indiya kunye neAsia-Pacific 112 (Indiya) / 119 (eJapan/Korea) / 995 (SG) EJapan J-Alert (Nationwide Instant Warning System) + Singapore SCDF Public Warning System (PWS) (myResponder Usetyenziso & 100.3 / 93.8 FM) + Indiya NDMA Sachet Usasazo lweSeli Singapore SCDF PWS 3-Signal Standard (Alarm = Ukulila; All-Clear = Uqhushumbo lweFlat oluqhubekayo; Important Message = Hi-Lo Chime - *Vumela kwiRadio ye-FM *).

Imibuzo edla ngokubuzwa

Kwakutheni ukuze kukhale iisiren kwidolophu yam xa inkanyamba yayiziikhilomitha ezili-15 (iikhilomitha ezili-9) kwelinye icala ledolophu?

Kwimimandla emininzi yasemaphandleni nasezidolophini kusetyenziswa ilifa le-VHF elineekhowuda zepheyiji ezineethowuni ezimbini ezakhiwa ngeminyaka yoo-1980s kunye noo-1990, **zonke iisiren ezilumkisayo zangaphandle zedolophu ezingama-30 ukuya kwezingama-60 zitsalelwa kwikhowudi enye yelizwe ngokubanzi kanomathotholo**. Ukuba iNational Weather Service ikhupha iTornado Warning polygon that clips even a 3-kilometer (2-mile) ikona kumgca wesiphaluka, i-county 911 yokuthumela isoftwe ngokuzenzekelayo isebenze yonke i-siren kwisiphaluka ngaxeshanye. Nakwizixeko ezineentsimbi zangoku ezijoliswe kwi-polygon ye-GPS, abaphathi bexesha likaxakeka bahlala bevula iisiren **1 ukuya kwiilokishi ezi-2 ezingaphambili ("ezantsi komsinga") we-supercell ehamba ngokukhawuleza** ehamba `95 km/h (60 mph)` ngoko abantu abangaphandle bane-10 epheleleyo ukuya kwimizuzu ye-15 yokungena ngaphakathi ngaphambi kokuba ibhola ye-debris ifike. Ungaze ungayihoyi i-siren ucinga ukuba yeyenye indawo yedolophu de ujonge i-radar ephilayo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba isitrato sakho singaphandle nasemva kwepolygon yesaqhwithi.

Ziyenza njani iisiren zaseYurophu (Germany, Austria, Switzerland, France) kunye neSingapore PWS iisirens zahlukile kwiisirens zenkanyamba yaseMntla Melika?

Ngokungafaniyo ne-United States kunye neKhanada (apho phantse kungekho zixeko zisebenzisa ithowuni ye-siren ethi "Konke-Kucacile", uthungelwano lokhuselo loluntu lwaseYurophu naseAsia lusebenzisa ikhowudi yeSiren yeSizwe engqongqo **3-Signali yeSizwe**: - **EJamani (`BBK Standard`) kunye neOstriya:** **(1) UMzuzu o-1 wokuNyula-nokuwa weThowuni yokuBhomboloza (`Heulton`)** kuthetha **INGOZI: Funa ikhusi ngaphakathi ngokukhawuleza, vala iifestile, kwaye ujonge `NINA` usetyenziso / unomathotholo**; kunye **(2) noMzuzu o-1 weTowuni engashukumiyo engashukumiyo eqhubekayo (`Dauerton`)** ligosa **"Kucace konke (`Entwarnung`)** uphawu. - **ESwitzerland:** **(1) "I-Alarm Jikelele" (`1-minute regular ascending/descending tone repeated after 2 minutes`)** kuthetha ukungena ngaphakathi kwaye umamele unomathotholo weSRF; ngelixa **(2) I "Alarm yamanzi / iDama-Failure" (`12 low, 20-second blasts separated by 10-second pauses`)** eviwa kwiintlambo ezingaphantsi kwamadama ombane ovelisa umbane kuthetha **ukukhupha umzantsi wentlambo uye kumhlaba ophakamileyo ngokukhawuleza**. - **ESingapore (`SCDF Public Warning System`):** **(1) Uqhushululu lokulila** = Ingozi yoMoya/iBomb ekufutshane (Hamba kwindawo yoKhuselo loLuntu); **(2) Ukubetha "Hi-Lo" Ukuqhuma (`Important Message Signal`)** = Layisha ngokukhawuleza kwirediyo ye-FM yendawo okanye i-CNA TV yekhemikhali / isilumkiso soluntu; kunye **(3) Ukuqhuma kweFlat okuQhubekayo** = Kucace konke.

Kuthekani ukuba i-siren elumkisayo yangaphandle emva kwendlu yam ithi "Ibambekile" emva kokubetha kombane okanye uvavanyo lwenyanga kwaye ayiyeki ukukhala?

Ngamanye amaxesha, umbane okanye i-welded relay contactor ngaphakathi kwikhabhinethi yokulawula i-siren efakwe kwipali ibangela ukuba i-siren ibambelele ngokuqhubekayo emva kovavanyo okanye isaqhwithi. **Okokuqala, khangela i-radar yendawo kunye ne-County EMA ye-social media ukuba ibe yi-100% ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ayisebenzi kwaye ayiyona ingxamiseko esebenzayo.* * Okwesibini, ** MUSA ukucofa i-911 **; tsalela umnxeba kumasipala wakho **inombolo ye-10 yeedijithi ezingezizo ezoNgxamiseko/inombolo yokuThunyelwa koMlilo okanye `311`** kwaye uxele eyona ndawo isiphambuka sepali (`or the 3-digit Siren ID number stenciled in big black/yellow numbers on the side of the siren pole`). Ingcali yoLawulo oluNgxamisekileyo yesixeko okanye i-lineman yombane iya kukhupha kwaye itsale **umqheba wokuqhawula uqhagamshelo lwangaphandle (`or 48V battery disconnect`)** emazantsi epali. **Ungakhe uzame ukuphazamisa, ukudubula, okanye ukuvula ikhabhathi yombane etshixwayo ngokwakho** (`doing so carries a high-voltage electrocution hazard and is a federal/state felony for tampering with civil-defense infrastructure`).

Ngaba i-hacker ingakwazi ukukhupha iisiren ezilumkisayo ngaphandle kwesixeko (njengesiganeko esidumileyo saseDallas, eTexas siren sa2017)?

Ngo-Epreli 2017, zonke iisiren zesilumkiso ze-156 zangaphandle eDallas, eTexas zavulwa ngo-11:42 PM ngobusuku obucacileyo ngumdlali ongagunyaziswanga ohambisa i-analog engabhalwanga **DTMF (`Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency`) iithowuni zikanomathotholo** kumaza kanomathotholo e-UHF esixeko. Emva kweso siganeko, i-FEMA kunye ne-Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (`CISA`) ikhuphe imiyalelo yelizwe lonke eyalela oomasipala ukuba baphucule i-analog yelifa le-DTMF abamkeli besiren* ukuya **kwi-P25 Encrypted Digital Radio, i-AES-256 yoqinisekiso lwe-Satellite/Cellular IP, kunye ne-SCADA yokuvota yeendlela ezimbini**. Nokuba usetyenziso olukhohlakeleyo lwenzeka ngobusuku obucacileyo, impendulo yakho kwangoko iyafana: ngena ngaphakathi, jonga i-smartphone yakho esemthethweni. `WEA` / Ukutya kwe-NWS kunye neendaba zeTV zendawo kwimizuzwana ye-60, kwaye emva kokuba isixeko siqinisekisa ukusebenza kobuxoki kumajelo asekuhlaleni, buyela kulala ngaphandle kokubiza i-911.

Kwakutheni ukuze ndive isandi esingaqhelekanga esithi "Whoop-Whoop" okanye "Buzzer" kwibala legalufa okanye kwipaki yasekuhlaleni ezantsi kwesitrato xa indudumo kuphela eyayiduma?

Uninzi lweepaki zikamasipala, amabala egalufa, amaqula okuqubha, iiklabhu zelizwe, kunye namabala emidlalo eembaleki ezikolo asebenzisa ezazo ezizisebenzelayo **Thor Guard okanye Earth Networks Lightning Prediction & Detection Siren System** (zahluke ngokupheleleyo kwiisirens zenkanyamba yokhuselo loluntu). Xa izivamvo ze-electrostatic ze-atmospheric zibona umngcipheko wokubetha kombane phakathi kwe-*-*13 ukuya kwi-16 yeekhilomitha (iikhilomitha ezisi-8 ukuya kwezi-10)**, uphondo lwepaki luqhuma **uqhushumbo olude olude lwemizuzwana eli-15** (`accompanied by a flashing yellow/white strobe light on the clubhouse roof`) ukuyalela iimbaleki kunye nabaqubhayo ukuba bacoce ibala/i-pool baze bangene ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo okanye kwinqwelo-mafutha eqinileyo. Ngokungafaniyo neesirens zikamasipala zenkanyamba, **izigodlo zombane zepaki YENZA isandi esicacileyo esithi "Konke-Kucacile"**: **izigodlo ezintathu ezimfutshane zemizuzwana emi-5 (`Beep - Beep - Beep`)** kunye nesibane sestrobe esicimayo kube kanye kudlule imizuzu engama-30 ngaphandle kombane.

Izikhokelo ezinxulumeneyo

Imithombo kunye nezikhokelo ezisemthethweni

  • I-Federal Emergency Management Agency (i-FEMA, iSebe lase-United States loKhuseleko lweLizwe): ISikhokelo sokuLungiswa koLuntu (CPG) 1-17: IsiKhokelo seeNkqubo zokuLumkisa ngaphandle (IiNkcazelo zeMiqondiso eMiselweyo ye-Acoustic: i-3-to-5-Minute Steady Alert Tone vs. Ukunyuka-nokuwa-kweNqanaba lokuPhumelela kweNqanaba lokuPhakamisayo, iNqanaba lokuPhumelela koLuntu kunye neNqanaba lokuPhumelela koLuntu kunye neToni yoHlaselo lukaWonke-wonke, iToni yoHlaselo lukawonke-wonke oluXhaphazelekayo Isilumkiso neSilumkiso (IPAWS).
  • Ulawulo lweSizwe lwe-Oceanic kunye ne-Atmospheric (NOAA) kunye neNkonzo yeMozulu yeSizwe (NWS, eUnited States): Izikhokelo zoLuntu zeStormReady, iSilumkiso seNdudumo esiqatha "Esitshabalalisayo" iTag Siren Activation Criteria (>= 80 mph / 130 km/h Winds), kunye NOAA Weather Radio SAME Receiver Standards.
  • **IKomishoni yoLawulo lweNyukliya yaseUnited States (i-NRC) kunye ne-FEMA **: NUREG-0654 / FEMA-REP-1, i-Rev. 2: Iikhrayitheriya zoLungiselelo kunye noVavanyo lweZicwangciso zokuPhendula ngokuNgxamisekileyo kweRadiological kunye nokuLungiselela kwiNkxaso yeZityalo zaMandla eNyukliya (i-10-Mile / i-16-kposure Notification System ye-16-km ye-EPUM i-Patthwa Imigangatho).
  • ** Iofisi yaseJamani yoKhuseleko loLuntu kunye noNcedo lweNtlekele (BBK - Bundesamt für Bevölkerungsschutz und Katastrophenhilfe) kunye neOfisi yaseSwitzerland yoKhuseleko loLuntu (FOCP / BABS)**: *Imiqondiso yeSiren yoKhuseleko loLuntu oluMiselweyo lwaseYurophu (I-1-Minute yokuKhuphuka / Ukuwa kweToni yeNgozi vs. I-1-Minute Steady All-Clear Tone and Dam-Breach Water Alarm) *.
  • Umkhosi woKhuselo woLuntu waseSingapore (SCDF): INkqubo yeSilumkiso kaWonke-wonke (PWS) Incwadi yeSiqondiso yeSiren yeSiqondiso (i-Alarm, i-Alarm, ecacileyo, kunye neMiqondiso yeMiyalezo eBalulekileyo).