Ukutsiba iCholla Cactus Ukususwa, Barbed Spines, kunye neToxic Agave Sap Burns¶

Ukukhubeka kwi-teddy bear okanye ukutsiba i-cholla cactus (Cylindropuntia bigelovii okanye Cylindropuntia fulgida), ukuxukuxa kwiphedi yeperile (Opuntia), okanye ukusika isityalo senkulungwane (Agave americana okanye Agave lecheguilla) ngapha kweeshins zakho kwintlango yaseSonoran, eMojave, okanye eChihuahuan ibangela ingxaki yolusu ekhawulezileyo. Ngokungafaniyo nameva agudileyo erozi atyibilika ngokuthe ngqo, i-cholla cactus spines zigqunywe kwii-retro-barbs ezincinci (retrorse harpoon scales) ezivuthela ngaphandle njengamagwegwe okuloba iintlanzi xa zitsalwa, zibambelela ngokuqinileyo kwidermis yomntu kunye ne-muscle fascia kangangokuba uzama ukukhupha ibhola yecholla ngeminwe yakho uqhubela kwelinye icala lecactus nzulu kwesinye isandla sakho. Ngeli xesha, iiperile zepear pads ziphulula amawaka eenwele ezibhityileyo, ezibhityileyo iiglochids ezihlumayo esikhumbeni ukuba zichukunyiswe, kunye nencindi entsha ephuma esikiweyo amagqabi eagave idipozithi ngenaliti ebukhali icalcium oxalate raphide crystals kunye nesteroidal saponins ebangela amadyungudyungu emichiza (irritant contact phytodermatitis).

Ukuba umntu ohambahambayo uwela ngobuso kuqala okanye esifubeni-kuqala kwibhedi exineneyo yecactus (mass spine impalement), unomqolo wecactus ofakwe kwi-cornea okanye kwi-eyeball*, uphuhla umqala okanye ukutswina (anaphylaxis), okanye uhlatywe umqolo onzulu kwi-capsule edibeneyo (knee, ankle, or finger knuckle), fowunela inombolo yakho kaxakeka yasekuhlaleni (911 eUnited States naseKhanada, 112 kwiManyano yaseYurophu, 999 eUnited Kingdom), qalisa Satellite SOS (PLB / Garmin inReach), okanye jonga uluhlu lwethu lwehlabathi lwe amanani kaxakeka ngoko nangoko. Malunga neemeko ezingxamisekileyo zentlango kunye nezebhotani, bona ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ubushushu, kunye ne-hyponatremia, amaqunube asendle anetyhefu, i-poison ivy, kunye ne-dermatitis yoqhagamshelwano, kwaye inja elahlekileyo kwindlela yokuhamba kunye neengozi ze-porcupine / cactus. Landela i-flick-off yoomatshini, ukuxobulwa kweglochid, kunye neeprothokholi ze-agave washout ezingezantsi.

Yenza oku ngoku¶

1. UNGAZE UBAMBE ICANDELO LE-CHOLLA CACTUS ("IBHOLA") NGEMINWE YAKHO OKANYE ENGAQINISEKILEYO: Kwaneyona bhrashi incinci ngokuchasene nespina yangaphandle yejoyinti ye-cholla edibeneyo iya kuhuka ngokukhawuleza kwiminwe yakho, udibanise zombini izandla zakho kunye neentlungu ezibuhlungu. Gcina izandla zakho zingekho kude ngokupheleleyo kwibhola yecactus.
2. SEBENZISA Ikama OKANYE IZITUKU EZIMBINI UKUPHEPHA IIBHOLA ZE-CHOLLA ZIFANELE NELUSI: Shelelezisa amazinyo ekama eqinileyo yeplastiki phantsi kwebhola yecactus (phakathi kwesikhumba sakho kunye nesiqu secactus eluhlaza), okanye ujije izinti ezimbini zokhuni eziqinileyo/izinti ezithi nkqo kunye neepali ezisecaleni, njengeepali ezisecaleni. Inxalenye ebukhali ngaphandle kwaye kude nomzimba wakho* ukuze ibhabhe icace imilenze yakho kunye namaqabane.
3. TSHA IMIHLABA ESILEYO YOMNTU NGAMNTU NGQO KUNYE NE-ANGLE YAYO YOKUNGENA NGEPLALI: Nje ukuba ibhola yecactus enzima ikhutshiwe, bamba naziphi na izihlunu ezishiyekileyo kufutshane nomphezulu wolusu kangangoko unako ngenaliti-yempumlo yepliers yezixhobo ezininzi (Leatherman) okanye i-forceps kwaye utsale nge-axial enye, eqinile, ngokuthe tye i-axial ukutsalwa ecaleni kwendlela echanekileyo yomqolo ongenwe ngayo (ukujija kuqhawula incam yomqolo phantsi kwesikhumba).
4. UNGAZE UHHHLULA OKANYE USISULE IPRICKLY PEAR GLOCHIDS ("FUZZ Spines") NGESANDLA SAKHO OKANYE NGETAWULI: Ezo tufts ezifuzileyo zegolide-bumdaka ngeperile ()Opuntia) iipadi ngamawaka e-2-millimeter ezihlabayo zeenaliti ezincinci (glochids). Ukuzihlikihla kwephula i-brittle shafts ngaphakathi kwi-epidermis yakho. Endaweni yoko, cofa iteyiphu encamatheleyo (or leukotape) kancinci phezu kwe-fuzz kwaye uyixobule, okanye usasaze idyasi ye-white PVA yeglu yesikolo (Elmer's) phezu kwesikhumba, yiyeke yome imizuzu eyi-15, kwaye uxobule ifilimu eyomileyo.
5. HLAMBA INKCAZELO YEYITYALO / YEENKULUNGWANE YOMTHALA WOKUTSHA ULUSU NGOKUNGOKO NGESEPHA NAMANZI OMKHULU (KUNGAPHAKATHI KWEMIZUZU emi-2): Ukuba icacile, incindi yejusi ebhityileyo esuka kwigqabi leagave elisikiweyo okanye elaphukileyo lifika esikhumbeni sakho, litofa iikristale zenaliti ezincinci (calcium oxalate raphides) ezibangela ukutshisa okukhulu, irhashalala emfusa epurpuric, namadyungudyungu amakhulu kwimizuzu eli-15. Geza ngokukhawuleza ngamanzi amaninzi kunye nesitya / isepha yenkampu; ungaze usule incindi yeagave emehlweni akho.
6. UNGAZE UKHUPHELE UMNQANA WECACTUS KWIBALA ELISO EMHLABENI: Ukuba umnqonqo ugqobhoza i-cornea okanye i-sclera yeliso, ukuyikhupha kubangela ukuvuza kwamanzi/i-vitreous humor kunye nokumfamekisa i-endophthalmitis. Tayipha ikhaka eliqinileyo (paper cup bottom okanye SAM splint arch) phezu kwethambo le-orbital ngaphandle kokuchukumisa umnqonqo, gubungela amehlo omabini ukumisa intshukumo yamehlo evumelanayo, kwaye uphume ngokukhawuleza.

Umthi wesigqibo: ukubethelelwa komqolo wecactus kunye nencindi yencindi yasentlango enetyhefu¶

Landela lo mthi wesigqibo sokusebenza ukuze utshatise owona monzakalo wesityalo sasentlango kunye nesixhobo esichanekileyo sokutsalwa okanye ukucoca:

flowchart TD
    Injury["Ukwenzakala kwezityalo zasentlango: Ukubethelelwa kweCactus, iGlochid Fuzz, okanye iAgave/Euphorbia Sap Exposure"] --> EyeJoint{"1. Khangela iFlegi eBomvu ngokukhawuleza :: Ngaba uMnqonqo kwiliso, phezu kweNxulumano eNzulu / uMthambo, okanye ixhoba eliwele kwi-Mass Cactus Bed?"}
    EyeJoint -->|"EWE: I-Ocular Puncture, i-Airway / Intamo, i-Joint Capsule, okanye i-Mass Impalement"| RedFlag["UNGATHOLI IMIQATHA YASEMVA :: Shiya iliso ngekomityi eqinileyo -> Khubaza iipunctures ezinzulu ezidibeneyo-> Fowunela u-911 / Trigger Satellite SOS ukuze utsalwe ngokungxamisekileyo."]
    EyeJoint -->|"HAYI: Ubudenge / Torso Skin Impalement okanye Sap Contact"| Type{"2. Chonga Indlela echanekileyo yeZityalo"}
    Type -->|"IBhola yeCactus eMahluko epheleleyo iNxibele elukhumbeni (Ukutsiba / iTeddy-Bear Cholla)"| Cholla["UNGACHUKUMBE NGEMINWE ENGABANTU :: Shelelisela ikama epokothweni eqinile okanye izinti ezi-2 phantsi kwesiqu -> Gubha inxalenye ebukhali ngaphandle engqamene nolusu (ukude kwabanye) -> Tsala imiqolo eshiyekileyo eshiyekileyo ngqo kunye nephinifa."]
    Type -->|"Iinwele ezincinci ezifana neFuzz Clusters (Prickly Pear / Opuntia Glochids)"| Glochid["MUSA UKUHHHLULA OKANYE USULI :: Tshala iintambo ezibonakalayo ngezitshixo ezicolekileyo -> Cinezela iteyiphu yokucofa kancinci kwaye uxobule -> Faka iglu emhlophe yePVA okanye iwax yobuso, yome imizuzu eyi-15, & peel"]
    Type -->|"IMibhobho Emide Egudileyo (iSaguaro, iBarel Cactus, iOcotillo, iNcam yeAgave)"| Rigid["I-AXIALLY WITH PLIERS:: Isiseko sokubamba sigungxulwe ngolusu -> Tsala ngqo ngaphandle kwi-engile yokungena -> Palpate ngononophelo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba ithiphu ayiphumanga ngaphakathi kwidermis."]
    Type -->|"Ijusi yeSityalo esimanzi / Incindi esikhumbeni (Isityalo seAgave Century okanye iMilky Euphorbia)"| Sap["NGENXA YE-15-IMIZUZU YESEPHA kunye ne-FLUSH YAMANZI:: Hlamba iikristale ze-calcium oxalate / i-diterpene esters ngaphakathi kwemizuzu emi-2 -> Susa iimpahla ezingcolisekileyo -> Faka i-topical steroid / icompress epholileyo yamadyunguza"]
    Cholla --> Clean["3. Gcoba inxeba ngesepha kunye namanzi aselwayo -> Faka i-Antibiotic Ointment -> Qwalasela ithumba elinzulu okanye iFungal Granuloma"]
    Glochid --> Clean
    Rigid --> Clean

Inqanaba loku-1: I-Biomechanics ye-cactus spines yasentlango kwaye kutheni ukutsiba i-cholla "ixhuma"¶

Ukuqonda i-microscopic anatomy yezoyilo ezine ezahlukeneyo zomqolo wentlango kuchaza ukuba kutheni i-splinter tweezers eqhelekileyo ingaphumeleli kwi-cholla kunye neperile yepere.

1. Ukuthelekiswa koLwakhiwo lweCactus emine yaseNtlango kunye nezixhobo zeAgave¶

2. Kutheni iCholla Spines ifuna i-4x ukunyanzelwa okungaphezulu ukukhupha ngaphandle kokutyhala ngaphakathi¶

Izifundo zeBiomechanical (University of Illinois / Royal Society Open Science) ukulinganisa i-puncture kunye ne-extraction forces ye-Cylindropuntia i-spines kwi-mammalian muscle tissue ibonisa i-asymmetry ebonakalayo ebonakalayo: - Ngenxa yokuba incam ye-cholla spine incinci kunenaliti ye-hypodermic (tip diameter 15 to 30 micrometers), igqobhoza ulusu lomntu ngengcinezelo ephantse ibe nguziro (< 0.1 Newtons). - Nangona kunjalo, i-shaft yonke ijikelezwe njenge-pinecone enezikali zezityalo ezijonge ngasemva ezifana ne-keratinous ezibekwe kwi-50 micrometers. Xa uhlehla umva kumqolo, zonke izikali ezincinci zibamba iifiber zecollagen kwidermis kwaye zivutha ngaphandle, ifuna uxinzelelo olukhulu lokutsalwa kangangokuba ukuphakamisa i-1-centimeter ye-cholla spine eneneni intente kwaye iphakamise ulusu lomntu kwi-2 ukuya kwi-3 yeesentimitha ukuya phezulu phambi kokuphuma simahla. - I-Papery Sheath Artifact: Iintlobo ezininzi ze-cholla (such as Teddy-Bear Cholla kwaye Silver Cholla) babe nengxowa yomququ yephepha ekhululekileyo (epidermal tunic) ukugquma umqolo ngamnye. Xa umqolo ugqobhoza umlenze wakho kwaye ukhupha umqolo ngaphandle, ** eso siqwenga sephepha se-microscopic ngamanye amaxesha sityibilika sisuka kumqolo kwaye sishiye ngasemva ngaphakathi kwi-puncture track **, sisebenza njengomzimba wangaphandle ogcinwe ngaphandle kokuba unkcenkceshelwe okanye ubonakalisiwe.

Inqanaba lesi-2: Inyathelo ngenyathelo lokususwa koomatshini bokutsiba amacandelo e-cholla (The Comb & Pliers Method)¶

Ukuba wena okanye iqabane lokuhamba intaba (okanye inja yomkhondo) inenxalenye enye okanye ngaphezulu yecholla eluhlaza ("iibhola") ezifakwe emlenzeni, engalweni, okanye ebhuthini, landela olu landelelwano luchanekileyo ukuze kungabikho mntu ubethelelwayo ngexesha lohlangulo.

1. Ukucocwa kweSicephu kunye noLwazi lwe "Drop Zone" (Before You Flick)¶

Ngaphambi kokuba uchukumise ibhola ye-cholla: 1. Jonga ezantsi kuMhlaba ojikeleze iibhutsi zakho: Apho kukho ibhola enye yecholla emlenzeni wakho, kuhlala kukho ** ama-20 angaphezulu awileyo amacandelwana e-cholla awileyo alele kumhlaba oyintlango kanye malunga neenyawo zakho**. Ukuba uguqa phantsi ekungcoleni ukuze uncede ixhoba ngaphandle kokujonga kuqala, uya kuguqa ngokuthe ngqo ebhedini yeebhola ze-cholla. Sula umhlaba nge-trekking pole kwaye uhlale ixhoba kwilitye elicocekileyo okanye i-foam pad. 2. Khetha i-"Flick Trajectory" eKhuselekileyo: Xa ucofa icandelo lecholla elizindisiweyo lisuka emlenzeni ngekama okanye ngeentonga, ibhola enehlabayo iphumela emoyeni njengebhola yegalufa kangangeemitha ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4. Jonga lo mdlalo kude nobuso bakho, kude komnye umlenze wexhoba, kwaye kude kubalingane abamileyo.

2. Ubuchwephesha A: I-Pocket Comb + Indlela yeZixhobo ezininzi zeZixhobo (Gold Standard)¶

Wonke umntu ohamba entlango, imbaleki ebalekayo, kunye nebhayisekile yasezintabeni e-Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, naseMexico kufuneka baphathe $1 eqinile ipokotho yeplastiki yekama kunyeinaliti-yempumlo-izixhobo ezininzi (Leatherman):

     [ Cholla Cactus Ball ("Joint") ]
          |     |     |     |    <-- Barbed Spines Embedded in Skin
    ======+=====+=====+=====+==============  <-- Slide Comb Teeth Flat Between Ball & Skin
    =======================================  <-- Human Skin Surface

1. Inyathelo loku-1 - Cofa kwisiqu esingundoqo seCactus usebenzisa iComb:
2. Bamba ikama yepokotho yeplastiki ngecala elinye kwaye shelise amazinyo ayo athi tyaba ngaphantsi komzimba webhola yechola, kanye phakathi kwesiqu esiluhlaza secactus kunye nolusu lwexhoba (ukuze amazinyo ekama ajikelezise imiqolo ebambeneyo).
3. Bopha ulusu lwexhoba ngobunono kangangeesentimitha ezimbalwa, kwaye ** ukrazule isandla sakho ngaphandle nangaphezulu (away from the body)**.
4. Oku kwangaxeshanye kutsalela uninzi lwemiqolo ngqo ngaphandle ngelixa kuhluthwa ijoyini yecactus evuthulukayo kuyo nayiphi na imiqolo ebambene ngokunzulu, ithumela ibhola eyingozi enamacala amaninzi ibhabhela kude ukuze ingakwazi ukuqengqeleka kwaye ihlabe ngakumbi ulusu.
5. Inyathelo lesi-2 - Cwangcisa iMiqolo eNyenye eNye nanye ngePliers:
6. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-3 ukuya kwi-10 i-spines nganye ihlala iphuma ngaphandle kwesikhumba emva kokuba ibhola eluhlaza ikhutshiwe.
7. Sika Impahla Egqojoziweyo Kuqala: Ukuba iintluma zidlule kwimilenze yebhulukhwe, iikawusi, okanye umkhono wehempe, sebenzisa izikere zokwenzakala ukusika umngxuma kwilaphu elijikeleze iminqonqo endaweni yokuzama ukutsala imiqolo *ngelaphu elilukiweyo eliqinileyo.
8. Bamba isiseko somqolo ngamnye ** ngokusondeleyo kumphezulu wolusu kangangoko kunokwenzeka ** usebenzisa i-hemostats yokutshixa okanye iipliers zempumlo yenaliti.
9. Gxotha ulusu olujikelezileyo ngeminwe emibini yesinye isandla sakho (okanye icala elisicaba lekama) ukuze ulusu lungabambeki kakhulu, kwaye yank ngqo ngentshukumo enye ekhawulezayo, engqinelana ne-engile yomqolo yokungena.

3. I-Technique B: Indlela "yeentonga ezimbini / amatye amabini" (Ukuba awunayo iKama okanye iPliers)¶

Kuthekani ukuba ubanjwe entlango ngaphandle kwekama okanye izixhobo ezininzi? 1. Fumana iinkuni ezimbini eziqinileyo zomthi oqinileyo (Mesquite, Palo Verde, okanye Creosote amasebe, ama-30 cm ubude kunye ne-1.5 cm ubukhulu) OKANYE iiPali zokuThamba ezimbini: - Ungaze usebenzise amasetyana aluhlaza nagobileyo. - Beka iNtonga A phantsi kwecala lasekhohlo lebhola yecholla kunye neNtonga B phantsi kwecala lasekunene lebhola yechola (like giant chopsticks). - Cola ezi zinti zimbini ngokuqinileyo kumbindi weplanga wecactus kwaye pry/ukhuphele ngaphandle ngokukhawuleza, ukhuphe i-arc kude nesikhumba. 2. Ukususa iNxibelelwano eSingle eshiyekileyo enamatye amaFlethi amabini: - Cinezela ishafti ephumayo yomqolo womnye ngokuthe nkqi phakathi kweencam ezisicaba zomlambo/amatye eengqalutye entlango amabini.like stone tweezers) kwaye tsala ngqo ngaphandle.

Inqanaba lesi-3: Ukususwa kweMikroskopu yePrickly Pear Glochids (The Tape, Glue, and Tweezers Protocol)¶

Ukubhrasha isandla sakho, idolo, okanye iimpundu kwipere elihlabayo (Opuntia) iphedi - ngakumbi inkohliso "Ipereyi eyimfama eyimfama" (Opuntia rufida / Opuntia microdasys), enezirongo ezinde kwaye ikhangeleka ithambile - ifaka amakhulu egolide-mdaka, obomvu, okanye omhlophe iiglochids kulusu lwakho.

1. Kutheni kufuneka uQhube amaQela abonakalayo Phambi kokuba ufake iTape okanye iGlue¶

Izifundo zedermatological ezilindelekileyo ezilawulwa ngokuthelekisa iindlela zokususa iglochid (Tweezers alone vs. Duct Tape alone vs. PVA Glue alone vs. Tweezers + Glue Combination) bonisa intsingiselo ebalulekileyo: - Ukuba uqhwaba iteyiphu enombhobho ezantsi ngamandla phezu kwamaqela amade eglochid kwaye uwacube ngobhontsi wakho, eneneni utyhala iglochids enehlabayo ingene nzulu kwidermis kwaye unqumle ama-30 eepesenti eentsinjana eziqhokreke zisuka ngaphantsi kwesikhumba. - Ulandelelwano lokuSuswa kweGlochid enenqanaba eli-3 (Removes 95% of Glochids): 1. Inqanaba loku-1: UkuKhanya okusecaleni + Ukudlula kweFine Tweezers (For Visible Protruding Tufts): - Hlala ekukhanyeni kwelanga okanye ubambe isibane sentloko ** ngokuthe tye unxuse ulusu lwakho (tangential side-lighting)** ngoko ke iiglochids ezikhazimlayo zegolide zenza izithunzi kwaye zibengezele okwemisonto yefiber-optic. - Sebenzisa i-tweezers enencam entle (Uncle Bill's Sliver Gripper) ukuncothula ngobunono elona qela likhulu, libonakala liphuma ngaphandle kokucinezela eluswini. 2. Inqanaba lesi-2: Iteyiphu yokuKhanya / iLeukotape Lift (Immediate Trail Relief): - Hlubula umtya omtsha womgangatho ophezulu iteyiphu yokutsala, iteyiphu yeGorilla, okanye ilaphu leukotape yelaphu. - Beka icala elincangathi ** ngobunono** phezu kwesikhumba esichaphazelekayo (cofa kancinci nje ngokwaneleyo ukuze unamathele kwi-fuzz; musa ukuhlikihla ngamandla) kwaye uxobule kakuhle kwicala apho iinwele zixhomekeke khona. Phinda amaxesha ama-2 ukuya kwe-3 usebenzisa iqhekeza elitsha letape ngexesha ngalinye. 3. Inqanaba 3: IGlue emhlophe yePVA okanye iPeel yeWax yoBuso (Camp / Home Deep Extraction): - Sasaza umaleko oshinyeneyo, ozimilimitha ezi-2* zeglue yesikolo yePVA enyibilikayo emanzini (Elmer's Glue-All)** okanye ukufudumala ** i-wax yokuhlamba ubuso ** phezu kwendawo yonke kwaye ubeke umaleko omnye we-gauze encinci okanye iphepha le-tissue phezulu ukuze uqinise ifilimu. - Lindela 15 ukuya kwimizuzu engama-25 de iglue yome ibe bhetyebhetye, ishidi lerabha, emva koko ucofe lonke iphepha. Njengoko i-polymer ye-PVA icutheka ngelixa isomisa, ibamba iziphelo ze-microscopic zeglochids ezaphukileyo ezihleli kunye ne-stratum corneum kwaye izinyuse.

2. Kwenzeka ntoni kwi-5% yeeGlochids eziNxibele phantsi koLusu? (Glochid Dermatitis)¶

Kwanasemva kwe-tweezers, iteyiphu, kunye neglu, iingcebiso ezimbalwa zeglochid ezincinci zihlala ziphukile ngaphakathi kwe-epidermis: - Kwiyure elandelayo i-24 ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-72, amajoni akho omzimba anyusa ukusabela komzimba wangaphandle kwibarb nganye encinci, yenze amaqhuma amancinci, arhawuzelelwa, abomvu ukuya-mfusa.2-to-4-mm papules or pustuleseyaziwa ngokonyango njenge Sabra dermatitis (Opuntia glochid granuloma). - Unyango & Nokwandiswa kwendalo: - Hlamba indawo yonke imihla ngesepha kunye namanzi kwaye usebenzise kwikhawuntara ye-1% ye-hydrocortisone cream (okanye i-prescription medium-to-high potency topical corticosteroids ezifana 0.1% triamcinolone okanye 0.05% clobetasolkabini yonke imihla ukuthomalalisa ukurhawuzelela okukhulu kunye nokudumba komzimba wangaphandle, kunye ne-antihistamine yomlomo (cetirizine okanye diphenhydramine) ebusuku. - Musa unga ugrumbe ulusu lwakho ngenaliti yokuthunga okanye imela yepokotho uzama ukugrumba amaqhekeza eglochid angabonakaliyo e-0.5-millimeter; Utshintsho oluqhelekileyo lweseli ye-epidermal ngokwemvelo luya kuthotywa kwaye lutyhale iiglochids ezingaphezulu ngaphakathi ** ezisi-7 ukuya kwezi-14 iintsuku**.

Isigaba 4: Ukunyanga iAgave enetyhefu ("Isityalo seCentury") kunye nokutshisa kwencindi yeDesert Euphorbia¶

Ngelixa ucoca ibhrashi, ukwakhiwa kwendlela, ukuvuna iintliziyo ze-agave, okanye ukhubeka kwisityalo senkulungwane (Agave americana, Agave deserti, Agave tequilana, Agave lecheguilla), abakhweli badla ngokukhwankqiswa xa kucacile, incindi enamanzi ephuma kwigqabi le-agave ephukileyo ivelisa ** iintlungu ezivuthayo ezivuthayo, imivimbo ebomvu evuthayo, iipatches ezimfusa ezimfusa, kunye namadyunguza amakhulu agcwele ulwelo ngaphakathi kwemizuzu emi-5 ukuya kwengama-30 ** - ejonge ngqo njengekhemikhali yokutshisa okanye irhashalala enetyhefu enzulu.

1. I-Dual Biochemistry ye-Agave Irritant Contact Dermatitis (Why It Burns)¶

Incindi yeagave (aguamiel / raw leaf parenchymal juice) ayisiyiyo i-allergen elula njenge-poison ivy's urushiol; yi i-vesicant ye-mechanical-and-chemical vesicant eyenzakalisa i-100 lepesenti yabantu kuqhagamshelwano lokuqala ngezixhobo ezibini ze-synergistic: 1. Iinaliti zeMicroscopic Calcium Oxalate Raphide (The Hypodermic Needles): - Iiseli ze-agave zineepilisi ezikhethekileyo ze-turgor-pressurized capsules (idioblasts) ipakishwe ngeenyanda zamawakawaka ezitsolwe kabini, inaliti ebukhali ikristale zecalcium oxalate monohydrate (raphides, iimicrometer ezili-100 ukuya kuma-400 ubude) ezineengcango ezinde ecaleni kweeshafu zazo. - Xa igqabi le-agave lisikwa, lityunyuziwe, okanye lixutywe nzima eluswini, ezi capsules zitshisa amawaka eenaliti ze-calcium oxalate ngqo kumqobo ongaphandle wolusu lwakho (stratum corneum), kubangela intlungu ekhatywayo ngoko nangoko. 2. I-Steroidal Saponins, i-Irritant Sapogenins, kunye ne-Volatile Oil (The Venoms): - Ukuqukuqela ezantsi kwimingxunya yezo naliti ezincinci ze-calcium oxalate kwidermis yakho ephilayo i-steroidal saponins (hecogenin, tigogenin), iifructans, kunye ne-histamine-liberating glycoproteins edibanisa iiseli zeseli, idegranulate iiseli zemast, kwaye yonakalise iicapillaries zedermal superficial (causing purpuric / blood-blister lesions kunye ne-systemic fever/headache in exposures ezinzima).

2. IProtokholi yokuNxilwa ngokukhawuleza kunye noNyango lwe-Agave & Euphorbia Sap¶

Iinombolo zengingqi zikaxakeka kunye neeprothokholi ze-arhente¶

Ukuba i-cactus okanye isiganeko sesityalo sasentlango sibandakanya ukuwa kwibhedi enkulu ye-cholla (hundreds of embedded segments causing neurogenic/pain shock), i-ocular spine perforation, okanye ukudinwa kobushushu ngelixa ungashukumiyo elangeni lasentlango:

• EUnited States naseKhanada: Fowuna 911 ngokukhawuleza okanye uqalise Satellite SOS (PLB / Garmin inReach / Apple Satellite SOS). Kwiipaki ezinkulu zentlango (Saguaro National Park, Joshua Tree National Park, Organ Pipe Cactus National Park, Big Bend National Park, Anza-Borrego, okanye Maricopa / Pima County iipaki zeentaba), Park Rangers kunye County Sheriff Search kunye namaqela Rescue zithwala ezikhethekileyo wire-cuttings ezinzima, hemostats, kunye namayeza eentlungu zebhedi ukukhupha amaxhoba dense ibhedi. Xa ufuna ukuginya incindi eyityhefu okanye ukutsha kakhulu kwamehlo, fowunela Ulawulo lwetyhefu lwase-US apha 1-800-222-1222.
• Mexico kunye neLatin America: Cofa 911 eMexico (Cruz Roja / Proteccion Civil) kuzo zonke iintlango zeSonoran, Baja California, kunye neChihuahuan.
• I-European Union kunye ne-United Kingdom: Cofa 112 kwi-EU (Canary Islands, kumazantsi eSpeyin Tabernas Desert, eSicily, eGrisi, naseSipro apho iOpuntia ficus-indica kunye ne Agave americana zigcinwe ngokwendalo kumawa aselunxwemeni) okanye 999 e-UK.
• Ostreliya neNew Zealand: Dial 000 eOstreliya okanye 111 eNew Zealand (112 ukusuka kwiselula). I-cholla ehlaselayo (rope pear / devil's rope, I-Cylindropuntia imbricata), i-tiger pear, kunye ne-prickly pear zihlasela iindawo ezinkulu zelizwe laseQueensland, eNew South Wales, kuMzantsi Ostreliya, nakwiNtshona Ostreliya.
• IAfrika, kuMbindi Mpuma, kunye neIndiya/Asia-Pacific: eMzantsi Afrika (invasive Opuntia and native venomous Euphorbia candelabra/virosa), cofa 10177 okanye 112. eIndiya (Thar Desert kunye neDeccan Opuntia / Euphorbia hedges), cofa 112 okanye 108.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho¶

Ngaba i-cactus etsibayo itsiba isuka kwisityalo ukuze ihlasele abakhweli?¶

Hayi, i-jumping cholla (i-Cylindropuntia bigelovii okanye i-C. fulgida) ayinazo izihlunu okanye indlela yasentwasahlobo yokuziqalisa emoyeni. Nangona kunjalo, izikhondo zahlulwe zaba ngamacandelo adityanisiweyo abuthathaka agqunywe kuxinaniso, imiqolo yeenaliti ezibukhali ezinemikroskopu ejonge ngasemva. Ukuba ibhlukhwe yakho yebhulukhwe, intambo yesihlangu, okanye umbane omileyo kunye nombane okhoyo kunye nombane ohambayo womlenze wakho odlulayo uqhuqha kwincam enye yomqolo, i-barb hook ngoko nangoko kwilaphu okanye ulusu kwaye ikrazule isiqu sonke sikhululekile kwisityalo somzali ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba ivakala ngathi i-cactus itsibele emlenzeni wakho.

Kutheni ukutsala ibhola ye-cholla cactus ngeminwe yakho kwenza ukulimala ngokuphindwe kabini?¶

Yonke icandelo le-cholla yi-360-degree sphere ye-barbed spines efuna amandla aphindwe kane ukukhupha eluswini lomntu kunokuba athathe ukugqobhoza kuwo. Ukuba uzama ukucinezela icandelo le-cholla ngeminwe yakho engenanto okanye iiglavu ezibhityileyo zebhayisekile, imisipha engaphandle kwebhola ngokukhawuleza igqobhoze kwaye ihoke kwincam yemilenze yakho phambi kokuba imilenze yakho iye ngqo kwiminwe yakho. Njengoko utsala icala elinye lebhola, ibhola ijikeleza njengevili kwaye iqhuba umqolo omtsha we-20 spines kwisikhumba esikufutshane. Ngalo lonke ixesha sebenzisa ikama lepokotho, ipliers, okanye iintonga ezimbini zomthi ukuphekuza ibhola ungayiphathi.

Yeyiphi eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokususa iiglochid zeenwele ezincinci ezinje ngeperile eluswini?¶

Ungaze uhlikihle okanye wosule i-prickly pear glochid fuzz ngesandla sakho esingenanto okanye ngetawuli yelaphu, kuba ukuhlikihla kukrazula i-brittle shafts, i-microscopic barbed shafts igungxulwa lusu. Okokuqala, sebenzisa isibane esicacileyo esisecaleni kunye ne-tweezers ukuncothula naziphi na ii-tufts ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo ngaphandle kokucinezela ezantsi. Okulandelayo, cofa kancinci umcu weteyiphu encamatheleyo phezu kwendawo kwaye uyixovule. Ekugqibeleni, kwiiglochids ezinenkani ezaphukileyo, sasaza umaleko oshinyeneyo weglue yesikolo yePVA emhlophe (efana neglu kaElmer) okanye iwax yobuso efudumeleyo phezu kwesikhumba, yiyeke yome ngokupheleleyo kangangemizuzu eli-15 ukuya kwengama-20, uze uxobule iphepha elomileyo ukuze uphakamise amagqabi amancinci aphuma kwimingxunya.

Kutheni incindi entsha evela kwi-agave okanye isityalo senkulungwane ibangela ukutshisa okukhulu kunye namadyunguza?¶

Incindi yeAgave (esuka kwizityalo ezifana neAgave americana okanye iAgave lecheguilla) iqulethe izixhobo ezibini zokuzikhusela: iinyanda zamawaka emicroscopic, iikristale zenaliti ezibukhali zecalcium oxalate (raphides) kunye nesteroidal saponins ecaphukisayo. Xa ijusi entsha evela kwigqabi le-agave elisikiweyo okanye elityunyuziweyo lidibana nesikhumba sakho, iikristale ezimile njengenaliti zecalcium oxalate zigqobhoza umaleko ongaphandle wolusu kwaye zitofe i-saponins ngqo kwidermis, ibangele imivimbo ebuhlungu ebomvu, amabala amfusa-afana ne-blister (i-purpura), kunye namadyunguza amakhulu olwelo ngaphakathi kwemizuzu eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-60. Ukuhlamba incindi ngokukhawuleza ngesepha kunye namanzi amaninzi abalekayo kwimizuzu emi-2 kuthintela amadyungudyungu amaninzi.

Ngaba i-cactus spine ingabonakala kwi-X-reyi yesibhedlele eqhelekileyo ukuba incam yophuka nzulu esandleni sam okanye edolweni?¶

Amaxesha amaninzi hayi. Ngokungafaniyo neenaliti zentsimbi okanye iglasi ekhokelayo, ameva esityalo esiphilayo kunye ne-cactus spines ziphantse zibe ne-radiodensity efanayo nezicubu ezithambileyo kwaye zihlala zingabonisi ngokucacileyo kwiiradiographs ezicacileyo (i-X-reyi). Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba incam yomqolo enzulu yaphuka ngaphakathi kwesandla sakho, unyawo, okanye kufuphi ne-capsule edibeneyo, cela i-high-frequency musculoskeletal ultrasound (okanye i-MRI), enokuthi ibone i-cactus spines egciniweyo encinci njenge-1 millimeter ukuze isuswe ngotyando ngaphambi kokubangela i-granuloma engapheliyo okanye usulelo oludibeneyo.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba i-cactus glochids ezizinzisiweyo zisebenze indlela yazo ukuba andinakuzifumana zonke?¶

Ukuba amaqhekeza amancinane eglochid ahlala evaleleke kumaleko angaphaya kwe-epidermis emva kokuxotyulwa kweteyiphu kunye neglue, ukufuduka kweseli yangaphandle yesikhumba sakho kunye ne-desquamation (ukuchithwa kwe-stratum corneum) kuya kuzityhalela ngaphandle kwiintsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezili-14. Ebudeni belo xesha, amaqhuqhuva amancinci arhawuzelela abomvu ( Sabra dermatitis ) asenokujikeleza amaqhekeza; ukufaka i-1 ekhulwini kwi-counter-counter cream ye-hydrocortisone kabini yonke imihla kunye nokugcina ulusu lucocekile ngesepha kunye namanzi kunciphisa ukurhawuzelelwa de kube kuhle ngokwemvelo.

Izikhokelo ezinxulumeneyo¶

• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ubushushu, kunye ne-hyponatremia
• Amaqunube asendle anetyhefu, i-hemlock yamanzi, i-poison ivy, kunye ne-dermatitis yoqhagamshelwano
• Inja elahlekileyo kwindlela yokuhamba: isikhululo se-ankile esinevumba elimnandi kunye nemingcipheko ye porcupine/cactus
• Imibungu enetyhefu, ooqongqothwane bamadyunguza, kunye neenwele ezirhabaxa emehlweni

Imithombo kunye nezikhokelo ezisemthethweni¶

• Inkonzo yePaka yeSizwe (NPS, iPaki yeSizwe yaseSaguaro, iPaki yeSizwe yeJoshua Tree, kunye neSikhumbuzo seSizwe soMbhobho we-Organ Cactus): Ukhuseleko lweCactus yaseNtlango, i-Jumping Cholla (Cylindropuntia) IiProtocol zokuSuswa, kunye neziKhokelo zokuThintela iBackcountry.
• Wilderness Medical Society (WMS) & Intlango kunye neNyango yeNdalo: Ukusebenza ngokuFanekisayo koBuchule bokuSuswa kwe-Opuntia Glochid yokubethelwa kunye noLawulo lweZityalo eziGciniweyo zangaphandle (Plant Thorn Synovitis).
• Iziko leNgcaciso yePoison kunye neChiza laseArizona (University of Arizona College of Pharmacy) kunye neZiko leNgcaciso yePoison kunye neDrugs: * Ukulawulwa kwe-Desert Botanical Envenomations, i-Agave Calcium Oxalate Dermatitis, kunye ne-Euphorbia Ocular Exposures *.
• Amaziko oLawulo lweSifo noThintelo (CDC, eUnited States): Lymphocutaneous Sporotrichosis (Sporothrix schenckii) kunye nezifo zeNkungunda zokusiNgqongileyo ezilandela ameva wezityalo kunye neCactus Spine Punctures.
• Royal Society Open Science (Crofts & Anderson, 2018): *I-Biomechanics ye-Puncture kunye ne-Retrorse Barb Extraction Forces kwi-Cylindropuntia Cholla Cactus Spines *.