Diumusha dia mitshi ya Cholla, misongo ya mionji, ne diosha dia mayi a agave adi ne buanga¶

Kulenduka mu nyama wa teddy-bear anyi kutuluka mu cholla cactus (Cylindropuntia bigelovii anyi Cylindropuntia fulgida), kuela tshilamba pa tshilamba tshia poire (Opuntia), anyi kutshibula mutshi wa bidimu lukama (Agave americana anyi Agave lecheguilla) ku makasa ebe mu bipela bia Sonoran, Mojave, anyi Chihuahuan bidi bijula ​​diakamue lutatu lua dikoba lua mekanike anyi lua biochimie. Bishilangane na meba a rose adi apueka buludiludi, cholla cactus spines idi mibuikila kudi microscope retro-barbs (retrorse harpoon scales) idi ipatukila pambelu bu tshiamu tshia mishipa padibu bayikoka, idi ilamakaja bikole mu dikoba dia muntu ne mu tshitupa tshia mubidi tshidi tshienza bua ne: wewe mutete bua kukoka mupimbu wa cholla ne minu yebe, udi ufikisha luseke lukuabu lua tshitupa tshia cactus mu tshianza tshiebe tshikuabu. Mu kitatyi kimo, bipese bya poire bidi bipatula binunu ne binunu bia nsuki mikese, glochids idi inyanguka ne dikoba padibu bayilenga, ne mayi mapiamapia a mabeji a agave adibu bakose adi ateka calcium oxalate raphide crystals ne steroidal saponins idi yenza bua se:irritant contact phytodermatitis).

Bikala muendeshi wa mikuna mukuluke mpala anyi tshiadi kumpala mu tshisuku tshia cactus (mass spine impalement].anaphylaxis), anyi udi upeta disama dia mukolo mu tshitupa tshia mubidi (knee, ankle, or finger knuckle), bikila nimero ya njiwu ya muaba unudi (911 mu États-Unis ne mu Canada, 112 mu matunga masanga a ku Mputu, 999 mu Royaume-Uni), kuenza Satellite SOS (PLB / Garmin inReach), anyi tangila tshilaminu tshietu tshia buloba bujima tshia nomba ya tshimpitshimpi mpindieu. Bua malu adi atangila tshipela ne a mitshi, bala dipanga dia mayi mu tshipela, disama dia luya, ne disama dia hyponatremie, bimuma bia muitu bidi ne buanga, ivy udi ne buanga, ne disama dia lukoba, ne mbwa mujimine mu njila wa kuendakana ne njiwu ya ngulube/cactus. Londa mikenji ya dikosa dia tshiamu, dikosa dia glochid, ne disukula dia agave idi kuinshi eku.

Enza nunku mpindieu¶

1. KUAKUATA TSHITUPA TSHIA CHOLLA CACTUS ("MUPILU") NE MINU YEBE YA BITUPA NANSHA BIDI NE GANZE MUPEPE: Nansha dikuma dikese dia ku mikolo ya pambelu ya tshitupa tshia cholla tshidi munda nedikuate diakamue mu minu yebe, ne dikuate bianza biebe bionso bibidi pamue mu kanyinganyinga kakole. Ikala ne bianza biebe bia patupu kule ne mupimbu wa cactus.
2. ENZA MUDIMU WA MU POCKET NANSHA BIDIMU BIBIDI BUA KUTUA BIDIMU BIA CHOLLA KULE NE DIKOBA: Ela menu a tshipenyi tshia nsuki tshia plastique tshikole muinshi mua mupimbu wa cactus (pankatshi pa dikoba diebe ne mutshi wa cactus wa vert), anyi wela mitshi ibidi mikole ya mabaya/mitshi mikole bu mudi mitshi ya mitshi mishilangane chopsticks, ne ela tshitupa tshijima tshikole pambelu ne kule ne mubidi webe bua tshipatuke kule ne maulu ebe ne balunda bebe.
3. KOKA MUSOKO WA MISHILE MU MUSHINDU WA KUBUELA NE PLIERS: Padibu bamane kukoka mupimbu wa cactus mule, kuata misongo yonso idi mishale pabuipi ne dikoba ne pinse idi ne mishiku ya bungi ( multi-toolLeatherman) anyi forceps ne kukoka ne tshintu tshimue, tshikole, tshilulame tshia axial tug mu njila menemene uvua mukolo mubuele (kukoka kudi kukoka nsongo ya mukolo muinshi mua dikoba).
4. KUAKUKUPA NANSHA KUKUPA GLOCHIDS YA PRICKLY PEAR ("FUZZ SPINES") NE DIAMBA DIEBE NANSHA NE TOWEL: Bitupa bia or bidi ne mpala mitoke bidi pa prickly pear (Opuntia) pads i binunu bia 2-millimetre barbed micro-needles (glochids). Kubikosa kudi kutshibula bitupa bia munda mua tshikoba tshieba. Pamutu pa nanku, fina tshilamba tshia kulamakaja natshi (or leukotape) kakese pa mutu pa nsuki ne uyikose, anyi wela tshilamba tshia tshilamba tshitoka tshia PVA (Elmer's) pa mutu pa kikoba, uleke tshiume munkatshi mua minite 15, ne umbusha tshilamba tshiume.
5. SUKA AGAVE / CENTURY PLANT SAP KU LUKOBA DIAMUE NE SABUNE NE MÂYI ABILE (MU MINUTE 2): Shi mayi matoke, a mupuya a mu dibeji dia agave dikosa anyi ditshibuke difika pa dikoba diebe, didi dibueja mabue a nsongo (calcium oxalate raphides) bidi bifila kapia kakole, tshipupu tshia violet purpuric, ne bipumbishi bia bullous mu minite 15. Sukula diakamue ne mayi a bungi ne nsabanga ya kusukula nayi bintu; kuena ne bua kukupula mâyi a agave mu mêsu ebe to.
6. KUPATUKI MUKOKO WA CACTUS MU MUTU WA DISU MU BUDIMI: Bikala mukolo mutobe tshitupa tshia dîsu anyi tshia sclera tshia dîsu, kutshikoka kudi mua kufikisha ku dipatuka dia mayi/a tshiamu tshia mitaku ne disama dia endophthalmite didi difofomija mêsu. Lamba tshilamba tshikole tshia bukubi (paper cup bottom anyi SAM splint arch) pa mutu pa mufuba wa orbite kuyi ulenga mukolo, ufuke mêsu onso abidi bua kuimanyika dienda dia mêsu didi dianyishibue, ne umbuka diakamue.

Mutshi wa dipangadika: dikuma dia mukolo wa cactus ne disungula dia mayi a mu tshipela adi ne buanga¶

Londa mutshi wa dipangadika dia mudimu eu bua kupetangana ne disama dia mutshi wa mu tshipela ne mushindu muimpe wa kupatula anyi wa kumbusha bukoya:

flowchart TD
    Injury["Disama dia mitshi ya mu tshipela: Dikuma dia cactus, Glochid Fuzz, anyi Agave/Euphorbia Sap Exposure"] --> EyeJoint{"1. Dikonkonona dia lukasa dia dibendele dikunze:: Mukolo udi mu disu, pa mutu pa tshitupa tshia mubidi tshidi tshikola, anyi muntu udibu bashipe mmukuluke mu bulalu bua cactus?"}
    EyeJoint -->|"EYOWA: Ditapa dia mêsu, Njila wa luya/Nshingu, Dipanda dia mu bitupa bia mubidi, anyi Dipanda dia bungi"| RedFlag["KUKOKA MUKOKO WA MESU:: Kukoka disu ne dikopo dikole -> Kupangisha dikopo dia munda mua bitupa bia mubidi -> Bikila 911 / Trigger Satellite SOS bua kupatula mu tshimpitshimpi"]
    EyeJoint -->|"NO: Dikoba dia ku nsongo / dia mubidi anyi dia Sap Contact"| Type{"2. Umanye mushindu udi mutshi wenza mudimu"}
    Type -->|"Mupimbu wa cactus mujima mulamakaja ku dikoba (Jumping / Teddy-Bear Cholla)"| Cholla["KUTEKI NE MINU MITUKU:: Ela tshipese tshia mu tshibombi tshikole anyi mitshi ibidi muinshi mua mutshi -> Ela tshitupa tshia mitshi tshikole pambelu tshitangilangane ne dikoba (kule ne mikuabu) -> Koka mikolo idi mishale buludiludi ne pinces"]
    Type -->|"Tusumbu tukese tua nsuki (Prickly Pear / Opuntia Glochids)"| Glochid["KUFUNDI NANSHA KUKUKULA:: Kukosa bitupa bidi bimueneka ne pense mikese -> Fina tshilamba tshia kuela nabi bintu bikese ne kutshikosolola -> Ela glue mutoke wa PVA anyi wax wa ku mpala, kutshiuma minite 15, ne kukosa"]
    Type -->|"Misongo mile mikole (Saguaro, Barrel Cactus, Ocotillo, Agave Tip)"| Rigid["PUTUA AXIALLY WITH PLIERS:: Kuata tshishimikidi tshikumbane ne dikoba -> Koka bululame ku angle wa kubuela -> Palpate bimpe bua kujadika ne: nsongo kayivua mipatuke munda mua dikoba"]
    Type -->|"Mashi a mutshi / Mashi pa kikoba (Agave Century Plant anyi Milky Euphorbia)"| Sap["KUSUIKA DIAMU 15-MINUTE SABON NE MAYI:: Sukula bipese bia calcium oxalate / diterpene esters mu minite 2 -> Umbusha bilamba bidi ne bukoya -> Ela steroid / compresse wa mashika bua bipumbishi"]
    Cholla --> Clean["3. Sukula tshilonda ne nsabanga ne mayi a kunua -> Ela mafuta a antibiotique -> Tangila tshilonda tshikole anyi granuloma wa fungus"]
    Glochid --> Clean
    Rigid --> Clean

Tshitupa 1: Biomekaniki ya misongo ya cactus wa mu tshipela ne bua tshinyi cholla udi utuluka "udi utuluka"¶

Kujingulula mushindu udi mubidi wa bintu binayi bishilangane bia mu tshipela kudi kumvuija bua tshinyi bipese bia pa tshibidilu bidi kabiyi bikumbane pa cholla ne prickly pear.

1. Difuanyikija dia mishindu ya bingoma binayi bia cactus ne agave bia mu tshipela¶

2. Bua tshinyi Cholla Spines idi dijinga ne bukole bua bungi misangu 4 bua kupatuka kupita bua kuela munda¶

Malonga a biomecanique (University of Illinois / Royal Society Open Science) kupima bukole bua ditapa ne dipatula dia mikolo ya Cylindropuntia mu mifuba ya nyama idi ne mifuba idi ileja dishilangana dia mubidi dia dikema: - Bualu nsongo ya mukolo wa cholla idi mikese kupita lushinge lua muinshi mua dikoba (tip diameter 15 to 30 micrometers), udi utapa dikoba dia muntu ne bukole budi kabuyi bumueneka (< 0.1 Newtons). - Ino, tshitupa tshijima tshidi tshienza bu tshimuma tshia pine ne bipese bia mitshi bidi bitangile kunyima bidi bu mudi keratine bidi pa bule bua 50 micrometre yonso. Paudi ukoka panyima pa mukolo, tshipiminu tshionso tshidi tshikuata mionji ya collagen mu derme ne tshipatuka pambelu, bilomba bukole bua bungi bua kupatula mukolo wa cholla wa 1-centimetre udi mua kubandisha ne kubandisha dikoba dia muntu 2 anyi 3 centimètres kumpala kua kupatuka. - Tshintu tshia papery Sheath: Mishindu ya bungi ya cholla (such as Teddy-Bear Cholla ne Silver Cholla) badi ne tshilamba tshia pa mabeji tshidi tshimueneka patoke (epidermal tunic) udi ubuikila mukolo wonso. Padi mutshi wa mukolo utobola ku dikasa diebe ne wewe upatula mutshi wa mukolo, tshilamba tshia dibeji tshidi tshitamba kumueneka tshitu imue misangu tshipatuka ku mukolo ne tshishala munda mua njila wa dipanda, tshienza bu tshintu tshikuabu tshidi tshilama pa kumbusha padibu batshiela mâyi anyi batshileja.

Tshitupa 2: Diumusha dia bitupa bia cholla bidi bituluka (The Comb & Pliers Method)¶

Wewe anyi muena luendu nebe (anyi mbwa wa mu njila) udi ne tshitupa tshimue anyi bia bungi bia cholla wa vert ("mipinganyi") mibueja mu dikasa, ku diboko anyi mu tshibombi, londa mulongolongo eu menemene bua muntu mukuabu kakuluki pa mutshi padibu bapandisha bantu to.

1. Dilengeja dia tshikena kumona ne dimanya dia "Drop Zone" (Before You Flick)¶

Kumpala kua kulenga mupimbu wa cholla mubueja: 1. Tangila panshi panshi pabuipi ne bisabata biebe: Padiku mupimbu umue wa cholla ku dikasa diebe, kudi pa tshibidilu bitupa bikuabu 20 bia cholla bia bronze/vert bikuluke bilala pa buloba bua tshipela anu pabuipi ne makasa ebe. Wewe mufukame mu nsenga bua kuambuluisha muntu udi mukengeshibue kuyi mutangile kumpala, neufukame buludiludi pa bulalu bua mipinganyi ya cholla. Umbusha panshi ne mutshi wa kuendakana ne uteka muntu udibu bashipe pa dibue dimpe anyi pa tshilamba tshia foam. 2. Sungula "Njila wa dikuma" udi kayi ne njiwu: Paudi ututa tshitupa tshia cholla tshidi tshibueja ku dikasa ne tshipese anyi mitshi, mupimbu udi ne mionji udi utuluka mu lupepele bu mupimbu wa golf mu bule bua metre 2 too ne ku 4. Ela tshingoma kule ne mpala webe, kule ne dikasa dikuabu dia muntu udibu bashipe, ne kule ne balunda badi bimane.

2. Njila A: Mushindu wa tshipese tshia mu tshibombi ne bia mudimu bia bungi (Gold Standard)¶

Muntu yense udi wenda mu tshipela, munyemi mu njila, ne muendeshi wa dikalu dia mikuna mu Arizona, Californie, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, ne Mexico udi ne tshia kuikala ne $1 stiff plastic pocket comb ne needle-nose multi-tool (Leatherman):

     [ Cholla Cactus Ball ("Joint") ]
          |     |     |     |    <-- Barbed Spines Embedded in Skin
    ======+=====+=====+=====+==============  <-- Slide Comb Teeth Flat Between Ball & Skin
    =======================================  <-- Human Skin Surface

1. Tshitupa 1 - Kosa tshimuma tshia cactus ku diambuluisha dia tshipese:
2. Kuata tshipese tshia mu tshibombi tshia plastique ku luseke lumue ne ela meno atshi panshi muinshi mua mubidi wa mupimbu wa cholla, anu pankatshi pa mutshi wa cactus wa vert ne dikoba dia muntu udibu bashipe (nanku meno a tshipese adi apita pa mikolo idi mibuikila).
3. Lama dikoba dia muntu udibu bashipe bitekete bitekete mutantshi wa santimetre mikese, ne ela tshianza tshiebe pambelu ne mulu (away from the body).
4. Bualu ebu budi bukoka misongo ya bungi bululame eku bukoka tshitupa tshia cactus tshidi tshinyanguka ku misongo yonso idi mikole, kutuma mupimbu wa njiwu udi ne misongo ya bungi bua kubuuka kule bua kauyi mua kukuluka ne kutapa dikoba dia bungi to.
5. Tshitupa 2 - Upatule mikolo idi mishale umue ku umue ne bipese:
6. Pa tshibidilu, mikolo 3 too ne ku 10 itu ishala mipatuke mu dikoba kunyima kua dibutuka dia mupimbu wa vert.
7. Kukosa bilamba bitobola kumpala: Shi mikolo mipita mu mikolo ya pantalo, mu masosete, nansha mu tshianza tshia tshilamba, enza mudimu ne tshiamu tshia kukosa nabi mikolo bua kukosa tshina mu tshilamba tshidi tshinyunguluke mikolo pamutu pa kuteta bua kukoka mikolo mu tshilamba tshikole tshiluka.
8. Kuata tshishimikidi tshia mukolo wonso pabuipi ne dikoba dionso ku diambuluisha dia tshiamu tshia kukanga natshi mashi anyi tshiamu tshia nzembu.
9. Ela dikoba didi dinyunguluke panshi ne minu ibidi ya tshianza tshiebe tshikuabu (anyi luseke lua tshipese) bua dikoba kadiyi dikola bikole, ne upatule buludiludi mu tshienzedi tshimue tshia lukasa, tshia dipangadika tshidi tshipetangana ne tshitupa tshia mukolo tshia mukolo tshia kubuela.

3. Njila B: Mushindu wa "Mitshi ibidi / Mabue abidi" (Wewe kuyi ne tshipese anyi bipese)¶

Netuambe tshinyi bobu bakukuate mu tshipela kuyi ne tshipese anyi tshiamu tshia mudimu tshia bungi? 1. Keba mitshi ibidi mikole (Mesquite, Palo Verde, anyi Creosote matamba, bule bua santimetre 30 ne bunene bua santimetre 1,5) NANSHA Mitshi ibidi ya kuendela nayi: - Kuenji mudimu nansha kakese ne matamba a matamba, a tshisuku. - Teka mutshi A muinshi mua luseke lua dia bakaji lua mupimbu wa cholla ne mutshi B muinshi mua luseke lua dia balume lua mupimbu wa cholla (like giant chopsticks). - Fina mitshi ibidi eyi bikole pamue ku tshitupa tshia mutshi tshia cactus ne upuekesha pambelu mu mushindu wa lukasa, udi utshibula kule ne dikoba. 2. Kumbusha mionji mishale ne mabue abidi mabalabala: - Fina tshitupa tshia mukolo tshidi tshipatuka tshikole pankatshi pa miele ya mabue abidi makese a mu musulu anyi a mu tshipela (like stone tweezers) ne kukoka buludiludi.

Tshitupa 3: Kumbusha Glochids wa Prickly Pear (The Tape, Glue, and Tweezers Protocol)¶

Kuela tshianza tshiebe, dikasa diebe anyi mataku ebe ku tshimuma tshia mitshi (Opuntia) pad - nangananga "Blind Prickly Pear" (Opuntia rufida / Opuntia microdasys), udi kayi ne mikolo mile ne udi umueneka mutekete bu wa velours - udi ubueja nkama ya glochids ya or-mvinyo, mikunze anyi mitoke mu dikoba diebe.

1. Bua tshinyi udi ne tshia kukosa bitupa bidi bimueneka kumpala kua kuela bande anyi colle¶

Bimanyinu bia malu a dikoba bidi bifuanyikija mishindu ya diumusha dia glochid (Tweezers alone vs. Duct Tape alone vs. PVA Glue alone vs. Tweezers + Glue Combination) uleja bualu bua mushinga mukole: - Wewe muele tshiamu tshia duct tape panshi bikole pa mutu pa bisumbu bia glochide bile bidi bipatuka ne mubikuate ne tshianza tshiebe tshinene, udi mua kuela glochide idi ne mionji munda menemene mu dermis ne kutshibula 30 pa lukama ya mionji idi minyanguke kuinshi kua dikoba. - Mushindu muimpe wa kumbusha Glochid mu bitupa bisatu (Removes 95% of Glochids): 1. Tshitupa 1: Dilengeja dia ku luseke + Dipita dia tshiamu tshia mitaku (For Visible Protruding Tufts): - Ikala mu butoke bua dîba anyi kuata muendu wa lumuenu lua ku mutu ** mutangile ku dikoba diebe (tangential side-lighting)** nunku glochides ya or idi imueneka patoke idi ifila mundidimbi ne ikenka bu nshinga ya fibre-optique. - Enza mudimu ne pense wa nsongo mikese (Uncle Bill's Sliver Gripper) bua kupatula bitekete bitekete bipese binene bidi bimueneka patoke kabiyi bifina pa dikoba. 2. Tshitupa 2: Tshilamba tshia butoke / Tshiamu tshia Leukotape (Immediate Trail Relief): - Kosa tshitupa tshipiatshipia tshia tshilamba tshia nzembu, tshilamba tshia Gorilla, anyi tshilamba tshia leukotape tshia manaya. - Teka luseke ludi lulamakaja bitekete bitekete pa dikoba didi ne disama (fina bitekete anu bua kulamata ku nsuki; kutshikose bikole to) ne utshikose bimpe menemene muaba udi nsuki mimane. Enza kabidi misangu 2 anyi 3 ne tshitupa tshipiatshipia tshia bande misangu yonso. 3. Tshitupa 3: Tshilamba tshia PVA tshitoke anyi tshilamba tshia ku mpala (Camp / Home Deep Extraction): - Ela tshitupa tshinene tshia 2-millimetre tshia kola mu tshilongelu tshia PVA tshitoke tshidi tshinyanguka mu mayi (Elmer's Glue-All) anyi facial depilatory wax wa kapia pa muaba wonso ne uteke tshitupa tshimue tshia gaze anyi dibeji dia tshilamba pa mutu bua kukolesha filme. - Bindile minite 15 to ne ku 25 too ne padi tshintu tshia kuela natshi bintu tshiuma tshilua dibeji dia nsongo, pashishe upuekeshe dibeji dijima bitekete bitekete. Padi tshiamu tshia PVA tshienda tshikepela paditshi tshiuma, tshidi tshikuata nsongo mikese ya glochides mitshibuka idi misombe pamue ne stratum corneum ne uyipatula.

2. Ntshinyi tshidi tshienzekela 5% ya Glochids idi mishale muinshi mua dikoba? (Glochid Dermatitis)¶

Nansha kunyima kua pense, bande, ne glue, nsongo mikese ya glochid itu misangu ya bungi ishala mitshibuke munda mua tshikokedi: - Mu mêba 24 too ne ku 72 adi alonda, tshiluilu tshiebe tshia mubidi tshidi tshienza mudimu wa tshintu tshikuabu tshidi tshinyunguluka tshintu tshionso tshidi tshimueneka tshikese, tshienza tusoso tukese tudi tusama, tudi tufika ku tshitoke (2-to-4-mm papules or pustules) mumanyike mu lupitadi bu Sabra dermatitis (Opuntia glochid granuloma). - Diondapangana ne dipatula dia bintu bia pa buloba: - Sukula muaba au dituku dionso ne nsabanga ne mayi ne ela crème wa hydrocortisone 1% udibu bapanyisha ku tshisalu (anyi corticosteroïde wa bukole bua munkatshi ne wa bungi bu mudi 0.1% triamcinolone anyi 0.05% clobetasol) misangu ibidi ku dituku bua kujikija tshipupu tshikole ne disama dia mubidi mukuabu, pamue ne manga a antihistamine (cetirizine anyi diphenhydramine) butuku. - Kuena kubueja mu dikoba diebe ne tshiamu tshia kusonga natshi bilamba anyi ne muele wa mu tshibombi bua kukeba bitupa bia glochid bia 0,5-millimetre bidi kabiyi bimueneka to; dishintuluka dia selile ya mu tshiadi didi mua kunyanguka ne kupatula glochides ya pa mutu mu matuku 7 too ne ku 14.

Tshitupa 4: Kuondopa Agave ("Century Plant") ne Desert Euphorbia sap burns¶

Padibu basukula mitshi, benza njila, banowa mitshima ya agave, anyi bakuluka mu mutshi wa bidimu lukama (Agave americana, Agave deserti, Agave tequilana, Agave lecheguilla), benda pa mikuna batu misangu ya bungi bakema padi mâyi matoke adi afumina ku dibeji dia agave ditshibuka apatula disama dikole dia kapia, milonda mikunzubile ya kapia, bitupa bia violet bia violet, ne bipumbishi binene biuwule tente ne mâyi mu minite 5 too ne ku 30 - bimueneka anu bu diosha dia aside wa tshimfuanyi anyi disama dikole dia ivy.

1. Biochemie ibidi ya Agave Irritant Contact Dermatitis (Why It Burns)¶

Mashi a agave (aguamiel / raw leaf parenchymal juice) ki ntshintu tshia patupu tshia disama bu mudi urushiol wa poison ivy to; I vesicant direct mechanical-and-chimical udi utapa bantu 100 pa lukama ku dipetangana dia kumpala ku diambuluisha dia bingoma bibidi bidi bienza mudimu pamue: 1. Microscopic Calcium Oxalate Raphide Needles (The Hypodermic Needles): - Tuselile tua agave tudi ne bintu bia pa buabi bidi ne bukole bua turgor (idioblasts) muwule tente ne binunu bia bintu bia nsongo ibidi, bia calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals (raphides, 100 too ne ku 400 micromètres mu bule) udi ne milonda ya bule mu mitshi yabu. - Padibu bakosa dibeji dia agave, batshibula anyi batshibula bikole ku dikoba, bipese ebi bidi bituma binunu ne binunu bia nshinga ya calcium oxalate mu tshitupa tshia pambelu tshia dikoba diebe (stratum corneum), udi ukebesha kanyinganyinga ka lukasa. 2. Stéroidal Saponins, Irritant Sapogenins, and Volatile Oils (The Venoms): - Bidi bienda bipueka mu njila ya tshiamu tshia calcium oxalate micro-needles mu dikoba diebe dia muoyo bidi ne saponins steroïdes (hecogenin, tigogenin), fructans, ne histamine-liberating glycoproteins idi inyanga membrane ya selile, inyanga mast cells, ne inyanga mishipa ya pa mutu (causing purpuric / blood-blister lesions ne fièvre systémique/mutu usama mu dikala dia bintu bia bungi).

2. Dilongolola dia lukasa ne diondapa dia Agave ne Euphorbia Sap¶

Nomba ya tshimpitshimpi ya mu tshijengu ne mikenji ya bibambalu¶

Shi tshipupu tshia cactus anyi tshia mutshi wa mu tshipela tshidi tshikebesha dikuluka mu tshitanda tshia cholla (hundreds of embedded segments causing neurogenic/pain shock), dibutuka dia mukolo wa mêsu, anyi ditshioka dia luya padi muntu kayi wenda mu munya wa mu tshipela:

• États-Unis ne Canada: Bikila 911 diakamue anyi kuenza Satellite SOS (PLB / Garmin inReach / Apple Satellite SOS). Mu madimi manene a mu tshipela (Saguaro National Park, Joshua Tree National Park, Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Big Bend National Park, Anza-Borrego, anyi Maricopa/Pima County mountain parks), Park Rangers ne County Sheriff Search and Rescue teams badi ne bintu bia pa buabi bia kukosa nabi nshinga, hemostats, ne manga a kanyinganyinga bua kupatula bantu badi mu malalu makole. Bua didia dia mayi a buanga anyi disama dikole dia mêsu, bikila US Poison Control ku 1-800-222-1222.
• Mexique & Latin America: Dial 911 mu Mexique (Cruz Roja / Proteccion Civil) mu tshipela tshia Sonoran, Baja California, ne Chihuahuan.
• Union européenne & Royaume-Uni: Dial 112 mu UE mujima (Canary Islands, ku Sud kua Espagne Tabernas Desert, Sicile, Grèce, ne Chypre mudi Opuntia ficus-indica ne Agave americana bitamba kuikala pa mikuna ya ku muelelu kua mbuu) anyi 999 mu UK.
• Australie ne Nouvelle-Zélande: Dial 000 mu Australie anyi 111 mu Nouvelle-Zélande (112 ku telefone ya ku bianza). Invasive cholla (rope pear / devil's rope, Cylindropuntia imbricata), tiger pear, ne prickly pear bidi bikuata bitupa binene bia Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia, ne Western Australia.
• Afrique, Moyen Orient, ne Inde/Asie-Pacifique: Mu Afrique du Sud (invasive Opuntia and native venomous Euphorbia candelabra/virosa), dial 10177 anyi 112. Mu Inde (Thar Desert ne Deccan Opuntia / Euphorbia hedges), dial 112 anyi 108.

Nkonko itubu bela misangu ya bungi¶

Mutshi wa cholla cactus udi utuluka udi bushuwa utuluka pa mutshi bua kuluisha benda pa mikuna anyi?¶

Tòo, cholla udi utuluka (Cylindropuntia bigelovii anyi C. fulgida) kena ne mifuba anyi tshiamu tshia kuenza natshi mudimu bua kudituta mu lupepele to. Kadi, mitshi idi mitapuluke mu bitupa bidi kabiyi bipetangana bibuikila kudi misongo mikole, mikole bu nshinga idi ne mionji mikese idi itangila panyima. Shi tshilamba tshieba tshia pantalo, tshilamba tshia ku makasa, nansha nzembu ne lupepele lua ku dikasa diebe didi dipita bikuma ku nsongo umue wa mukolo, tshingoma tshidi tshibuela diakamue mu tshilamba anyi mu dikoba ne tshikosa tshitupa tshijima tshia mutshi tshidi tshipatuka ku mutshi muledi bipepele menemene bienza bua se udi umvua bu ne: cactus mmutute pa dikasa diebe.

Bua tshinyi kukoka mupimbu wa cholla cactus ne minu yebe kudi kuenza bua mputa ikale mikole misangu ibidi?¶

Tshitupa tshionso tshia cholla tshidi tshienza bu tshijengu tshia 360-degree tshia mikolo idi ne mionji idi ikengela bukole misangu inayi bua kupatula dikoba dia muntu kupita mudibu bayikengela bua kuyibueja. Wewe mutete bua kutapa tshitupa tshia cholla ne minu yebe mitupu anyi ne bianza bitekete bia kuendesha nabi makalu, mionji idi pambelu pa mupimbu idi itobola diakamue ne ikuata mu minu yebe kumpala kua mikolo ya mikolo idi mu tshianza tshiebe kuya buludiludi, dikasa diebe. Paudi ukoka ku luseke lumue lua mupimbu, mupimbu udi unyunguluka bu nkata ne utuma mulongo mupiamupia wa misongo 20 mu dikoba didi pabuipi. Misangu yonso enza mudimu ne tshipese tshia mu tshibombi, pinces, anyi mitshi ibidi bua kuela mupimbu kule kuyi umulenga to.

Mmushindu kayi mutambe buimpe wa kumbusha tuishi tukese tudi bu nsuki ya prickly pear ku kikoba?¶

Koki nansha kakese kukosa anyi kukupula miosa ya prickly pear glochid fuzz ne tshianza tshiebe tshia patupu anyi ne tshilamba tshia kuowa nabi mâyi, bualu dikosa didi dikosa miosa ya mionji idi kayiyi mikole idi kayiyi imueneka bimpe ne dikoba. Tshia kumpala, enza mudimu ne butoke bua ku luseke ne tshiamu tshia kuela natshi bintu bua kupatula bipese bionso bidi bimueneka bipatuka kuyi ufina panshi. Pashishe, fina tshitupa tshia tshilamba tshidi tshilamakaja pa muaba au ne utshikose. Ku ndekelu, bua glochides mitshibuka, ela tshitupa tshinene tshia PVA tshitoka tshia kalasa (bu mudi tshia Elmer's glue) anyi wax wa mpala wa kapia pa dikoba, utshilekele tshiume tshijima munkatshi mua minite 15 anyi 20, ne upuekeshe tshilamba tshiume bua kumbusha mionji mikese idi mu mputa.

Bua tshinyi mayi mapiamapia a mutshi wa agave anyi wa century adi afila kapia kakole ne bipumbishi?¶

Mutoyi wa agave (wa mu mitshi bu mudi Agave americana anyi Agave lecheguilla) udi ne bia mvita bibidi bia bukole bia kudikuba nabi: bisumbu bia binunu ne binunu bia bintu bikese, bia tshiamu tshia calcium oxalate (raphides) ne steroidal saponins idi ibungamija. Padi mayi mapiamapia a dibeji dia agave mukosa anyi mutshibule afika ku dikoba diebe, mabue a calcium oxalate adi bu tshiamu tshia nzembu adi atobola tshitupa tshia pambelu tshia dikoba ne abueja saponine buludiludi mu dikoba, ne adi apatula milonda mikunzubile idi isama, mabala a mashi a mubidi wa violet (purpura), ne bilonda binene bia mâyi ne mputa ya mâyi idi ne mputa ya minite 15 too ne ku 660. Kusukula mayi diakamue ne nsabanga ne mayi a bungi mu minite 2 kudi kupangisha bipumbishi bia bungi.

Mukolo wa cactus udi mua kumueneka mu tshiamu tshia X-ray tshia mu lupitadi pikala nsongo mutshibuke mu tshianza tshianyi anyi mu dikasa dianyi anyi?¶

Misangu ya bungi tòo. Bishilangane na nshinga ya tshiamu anyi makala a plomb, mionji ya mitshi ya organique ne misongo ya cactus idi ne radiodensity wa muomumue ne wa mifuba mipepele ne misangu ya bungi kayena imueneka patoke ku radiographs (X-rays) to. Shi udi wela meji ne: nsongo ya mukolo idi mitshibuka munda mua tshianza tshiebe, mu dikasa diebe, anyi pabuipi ne tshitupa tshia mubidi, lomba bua kuenza ultrason wa musculoskeletal (anyi MRI), udi mua kumona mifuba ya cactus idi mishale mikese menemene bu milimetre 1 bua kuyipatula ku diambuluisha dia dipanda kumpala kua kuenza granuloma wa kashidi anyi disama dia mu tshitupa tshia mubidi.

Bidi bilomba dîba bungi munyi bua cactus glochids mibueja mu tshiamu tshia mitaku bua kupatuka bikalabi ne: tshiena mua kubipeta bionso?¶

Shi bitupa bikese bia prickly pear glochids bishale bikuate mu bitupa bia pa mutu bia epiderme kunyima kua dikosa dia tshilamba ne tshiamu tshia glue, dienda dia selile ya pambelu ya dikoba diebe ne dinyanguka (dipatuka dia stratum corneum) nebipatule mu matuku 7 too ne ku 14. Mu kitatyi'kya, tusoso tukese tua tshisuku (Sabra dermatitis) tudi mua kuikala pabuipi ne bitupa; kuela tshiamu tshia 1 pa lukama tshia hydrocortisone misangu ibidi ku dituku ne kulama kikoba tshikezuke ne nsabanga ne mayi kudi kujikija disama too ne padidi dijika nkayadi.

Malu adi apetangana¶

• Dipanga dia mayi mu tshipela, disama dia luya, ne disama dia hyponatremie
• Bimuma bia muitu bidi ne buanga, hemlock wa mu mayi, poison ivy, ne disama dia lukoba
• Mbwa mujimine mu njila wa kuendakana: tshitekelu tshia mupuya ne njiwu ya ngulube/cactus
• Bipupu bia lufu, bipupu bia mpumpu, ne nsuki ya mu mêsu

Miaba ne buludiki bua mbulamatadi¶

• Mudimu wa madimi a ditunga (NPS, Saguaro National Park, Joshua Tree National Park, & Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument): Desert Cactus Safety, Jumping Cholla (Cylindropuntia) Mikenji ya diumusha, ne Mikenji ya Dikuba dia Backcountry.
• Tshisumbu tshia baminganga tshia mu tshipela (WMS) & Buanga bua muitu ne bua muaba udibu basombele: Bukole bua difuanyikija dia mishindu ya kumbusha Opuntia Glochid Impalement ne dilama dia bintu bia pambelu bia mitshi bidibu balame (Plant Thorn Synovitis).
• Tshibambalu tshia malu a buanga ne manga tshia mu Arizona (University of Arizona College of Pharmacy) & Banner Poison and Drug Information Center: Management of Desert Botanical Envenomations, Agave Calcium Oxalate Dermatitis, and Euphorbia Ocular Exposures.
• Bibambalu bia diluisha ne dikuba dia masama (CDC, États-Unis): Lymphocutaneous Sporotrichosis (Sporothrix schenckii) ne masama a mu tshisuku adi afumina ku mitshi ne mitshi ya cactus.
• Royal Society Open Science (Crofts & Anderson, 2018): Biomechanics of Puncture and Retrorse Barb Extraction Forces in Cylindropuntia Cholla Cactus Spines.