Frein de parking électronique (EPB) Mukanga anyi mufuishe nsapatu ya frein ya panyima: Dipatuka mu tshimpitshimpi kakuyi dikoka dia nkata¶

Paudi ufina tshiamu tshia frein ne ufina tshiamu tshia console bua kulekela frein webe wa kuimanyika mashinyi, udi utekemena ne: nkata ya panyima neyende bimpe. Pamutu pa nanku, mukenji wa tshisanji tshikunze anyi wa ambre udi ukenka (Parking Brake Fault, EPB Malfunction, anyi tshimuenekelu (P) tshimanyishilu tshidi ne tshiona tshidi tshiumvuika), anyi tshimanyishilu tshia frein wa mashinyi tshidi tshijima pa tshibidilu padi mashinyi a nyima apueka panshi anyi abanda mulu ne abenga kunyunguluka paudi ushintulula mashinyi mu Drive (D) anyi Reverse (R). Kuenzeja mashinyi bua kuya kumpala pa kufina bikole pa tshiamu tshia lubilu kudi kukoka nkata ya panyima idi mikanga pa njila, kuenza bua tshibandilu tshikale tshipepele, kuenza bua tshiamu tshia dishilangana anyi tshia kuendesha natshi mashinyi tshikale tshikole, anyi kutshibula nsapatu ya frein wa mashinyi idi munda mua tshiamu tshia panyima.

Tshiamu tshia panyima tshidi tshikanga tshidi tshienzeka bua bualu bumue bua ku malu abidi mashilangane: dipanga dia nzembu mudi motere wa 12-volt muteka pa caliper (MoC / Motor-on-Caliper) anyi tshiamu tshia kukoka natshi nkamba tshidi tshiteka pa tshitekelu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshibenga bua kupatula tshiamu tshiatshi tshia munda bua nzembu mikese ya batterie, bua tshiamu tshia nzembu tshidi tshinyanguke, anyi bua tshiamu tshia nzembu tshidi tshinyanguke; anyi difuka dia mashika dia mubidi mu muvu wa mashika mudi biamu bia frein bia panyima anyi bisabata bia frein bia munda bia tshiamu tshia mitaku bimane kuikala ne mashika makole ku diambuluisha dia dilamakaja dia mabue a mashika ku rotor anyi ku tshingoma tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku butuku bujima mu luya lua muinshi mua zero. Shi mashinyi eba kaena mua kuendakana mu njila wa mashinyi anyi muaba udi kauyi ne bukubi ku muelelu kua njila ne kuyi mua kuendakana, teka tshiamu tshieba tshia didimuija dia njiwu, umbusha bantu kunyima kua tshibuelelu tshia njila, ne ubikile nimero ya njiwu ya muaba unudi (911 mu États-Unis ne mu Canada, 112 mu Union européenne mujima, 999 mu Royaume-Uni tangila; nomba ya tshimpitshimpi) ne kutangila Biibi bia mashinyi, makunji, ne madidishi, Tshilongo tshia volant tshikanga, dishintulula dia tshiamu tshia mashinyi, ne dikuma dia mashinyi adi mamane, ne Dinyanguka dia frein paudi wendesha.

Enza nunku mpindieu¶

1. Manya ni tshintu tshidi tshikanga ntshia nzembu (EPB Fault) anyi Ice (Frozen Pads/Drum): Tangila tshisumbu tshia biamu bia mudimu ne teleja bimpe pabuipi ne nkata ya panyima paudi ufina tshiamu tshia frein ne ushintulula (P) kushintulula.
2. Shi mukunze (P) anyi ambre (P) muendu wa didimuija udi ushala mutema anyi utema ne udi umvua kakuyi mutoyi wa motere wa nzembu wa sekonde 2 udi ufuma ku nkata umue anyi yonso ibidi ya panyima, tshiamu tshia frein wa nzembu (EPB) tshidi tshienza mudimu ne nzembu.
3. Shi mukunze (P) butoke budi bujima pa tshibidilu ne udi umvua mutoyi wa nzembu wa sekonde 2 padi motere wenda upingana, kadi nkata ya panyima idi ishala mikanga ne mutoyi wa tshiamu paudi ukeba kuenda mu tshikondo tshia mashika (below 0 degrees Celsius / 32 degrees Fahrenheit), bipese bia frein anyi bisabata bia ngoma bidi bikuate kudi neje ku tshiamu tshia rotor anyi ngoma.
4. Kukumbaja bionso 4 bisokoka bia ordinatere ne kuteta "Hard Pedal + Switch Hold" override: Ma ordinatere a bungi a EPB a matuku etu aa adi abenga bua kupatuka anu padi malu anayi adi enza mudimu musangu umue: (1) Ignition mu ON / RUN (anyi motere wenda), (2) Tshiibi tshia muendeshi tshikanga bimpe, (3) Mukanda wa muendeshi mmukanga, ne (4) Dikuma dia makasa dikole (at least 30 bar / 435 psi) pa tshiamu tshia frein tshia mudimu wa hydraulique. Fina frein wa ku makasa bikole ne makasa onso abidi pikalabi bikengela, pashishe kuma ne kukuata (P) shintulula panshi (anyi koka mulu, bilondeshela njila wa dipatuka) katupa katupa munkatshi mua masekonde 5 too ne ku 10.
5. Lamakaja tshiamu tshia 12-volt anyi nkamba ya jumper KUMPALA kua kuenza mudimu ne tshiamu tshia EPB: Motere yonso wa EPB wa kunyima udi ukoka 15-amp too ne ku 30-amp current spike bua kutshibula torque wa dikanga dia vis wende wa munda. Shi bateri webe wa 12-volt udi munshi mua 11.5 volts (nansha pikala tshitekelu tshia mashinyi tshitema), tshiamu tshia ABS/EPB tshidi tshipangisha dipatuka dia tshitupa tshia njila ne tshiela kode wa tshilema. Lamakaja tshiamu tshia 12-volt anyi utuadije motere bua bukole bua tshiamu tshifike ku 13.5 too ne ku 14.4 volts, pashishe wenzeja (P) kushintulula ku Apply ne Release.
6. Bikala frein ya kunyima mikale ne mashika mu muvu wa mashika, uteke bitekete bitekete 2 centimètres ne uyilengeja ne mayi a kapia (kaayi atoka nansha kakese): Kuena ne bua kubandisha motere ku 3000 RPM bua kutshibula frein mikole, bidi mua kupatula tshilamba tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku. Fina bitekete bitekete pankatshi pa Drive (D) ne Reverse (R) ku idle RPM anu bua kuela ne kupuekesha suspension, tuta tshilamba tshia pambelu tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku anyi tshingoma tshia frein ne tshingoma tshia caoutchouc anyi tshibumba tshia mabaya, anyi ela mayi a mu pompi a kapia (35 to 45 degrees Celsius / 95 to 113 degrees Fahrenheit, KUENA KUENZA mayi) pa mutu pa tshiamu tshia frein tshia panyima anyi pa tshiamu tshia frein bua kulengeja filme wa neje, pashishe wendesha minite 2 ne dienza dia frein mupepele bua kuyumisha rotor kumpala kua kuimana kabidi.
7. Wenza mudimu ne tshiamu tshia kupatula natshi mashinyi anyi tshiamu tshia hex-socket pikalatshi tshikumbane: Pa mashinyi adi ne tshiamu tshia EPB tshidi tshikoka nkamba ya munkatshi (bu mudi BMW X5/X6, Land Rover Discovery/Range Rover, Renault Scenic/Espace, Peugeot/Citroen, ne Merceds-B/B/Jers ya kale), Kangula tshiamu tshia panyima tshia mashinyi, keba tshiamu tshia mudimu tshia mu tshiapu anyi tshiamu tshia jaune/tshikunze, ne utshikudimune anyi utshikoke panyima pa kukanga nkata ya kumpala ne kuteka tshiamu tshia mashinyi mu Park (P).
8. Ikala ne tshiamu tshia kukoka natshi mashinyi tshidi ne nkata mikese (skids) anyi dollies: Bikala nkata ya panyima mishale mikanga, ambila muena mudimu wa dikoka dia mashinyi diakamue ne: nkata yonso ibidi ya panyima idi mikanga. Muena mudimu wa dikoka udi ne tshia kuela nkata ya tshiamu tshia polymère (skids)** anyi free-wheeling dollies idi ne nkata muinshi mua nkata ya panyima mikanga kumpala kua kuela mashinyi pa tshibandilu bua nkata kayiyi ikoka pa tshibandilu tshia asphalte anyi tshia tshiamu.

Mutshi wa dipangadika: Frein wa mashinyi wa tshiamu tshia nzembu mukanga ne frein ya panyima mikanga¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Mashinyi a kunyima a mashinyi adi makanga ne adi abenga kunyunguluka padibu bashintulula mashinyi bua kuendesha (D) anyi bua kupingana panyima (R)"] --> CheckCluster{"1. Tangila minda ya didimuija dia mashinyi ne teleja nkata ya kunyima paudi wenda pa dikalu (P) Switch"}
    CheckCluster -->|"Muendu mukunze (P) udi ujima + 2-Sec Electric Motor Whir Heard + Below 0C (32F)"| FrozenIce["Mashika a mubidi a mu muvu wa mashika: Biamu bia frein anyi Nsapatu ya ngoma mikanga kudi neje ku Rotor/Ngoma"]
    CheckCluster -->|"Muendu mutoke/mukunze (P) udi utema anyi ushala muteme + Kakuyi mutoyi wa motere anyi dikosa dikole"| ElectricalEPB["Electromechanical EPB Jam: Low 12V Voltage, Interlock Fault, Dead Motor, or Broken Wire"]
    FrozenIce --> ThawSteps["1. Shintulula bitekete bitekete D ku R anu padiye kayi wenza mudimu (Kuenza mudimu ne gaz wa panshi to)<br/>2. Fina tshiamu tshia tshiamu anyi tshingoma tshia frein ku diambuluisha dia tshiamu tshia nkata ne tshiamu tshia mutshi/mallet<br/>3. Ela mayi a luya lukole (40C/104F - Kaayi atoka nansha kakese) anyi Wenza mudimu ne tshiamu tshia kuowela natshi nsuki pa Drum/Caliper"]
    ThawSteps --> DryBrakes["Shi udi mu budikadidi: Wenda 1 km wenza mudimu ne frein wa makasa mupepele bua kumbusha luya bua kaluyi lukola kabidi"]
    ElectricalEPB --> InterlockCheck["1. Kanga biibi bionso + Sunga mukaba wa bukubi + Tuadija motere anyi Lamakaja 12V Jump Pack (13.8V+)"]
    InterlockCheck --> HoldOverride["2. Fina Foot Brake HARD ne makasa onso abidi ne kuata (P) Switch mu muaba wa dilekela bua sekonde 10"]
    HoldOverride --> DriveOffTry{"EPB uvua mupatuke anyi? Shi ki mmuomu, Teta Auto Drive-Off Override"}
    DriveOffTry -->|"Tshiibi tshikanga + mukaba wa bukubi mukanga + kushintulula ku D + tshiamu tshia gaz tshipepele"| CheckRelease{"Mashinyi a kunyima adi afunguluka anyi?"}
    CheckRelease -->|"Eyowa: Biunzulula"| ScanCodes["Enda ku tshisalu bua kutangila tshiamu tshia EPB tshia panyima ne tshintu tshia kutshishintulula (Kupingaji EPB too ne padibu bamutangila to)"]
    CheckRelease -->|"Tòo: Tshitshidi anu tshikanga"| TrunkManual{"Mashinyi adi ne tshingoma tshia kupatula ku bianza anyi tshitekelu tshia hex (Sungula BMW, Land Rover, Renault) anyi?"}
    TrunkManual -->|"Eyowa"| ChockFirst["Kumpala nkata ya kumeso -> Koka tshingoma tshia kupatula natshi mashinyi anyi kukudimuna tshiamu tshia Hex mu luseke lua dîba"]
    TrunkManual -->|"Tòo: Motere wa Caliper-Mounted (MoC) Anu"| FlatbedSkates["Bikila Flatbed Tow ne Polymer Wheel Skates / Dollies (Anyi Umbusha 2 Torx Screws ku Caliper Motor ne Wind Spindle Back pa buloba bululame)"]

Mishindu ibidi ya dienza dia frein ya mashinyi: Bua tshinyi mashinyi makuabu adi ne tshibuelelu tshia mashinyi ne makuabu kaena nawu¶

Bua kumvua mushindu wa kupatula frein wa mashinyi udi mubuikila kuyi unyanga tshiamu, udi ne tshia kuanji kumanya tshidi mashinyi ebe tshienza nawu mudimu:

Mishindu ya kupatula nzembu ku kakese ku kakese bua tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshikanga¶

Kumpala kua kuela meji ne: motere wa tshiamu tshia panyima mmufue ne kubikila mashinyi adi akoka mashinyi, enza mudimu ne malu atanu adibu bajadike mu budimi bua kuenza mudimu ne nzembu ne programe ya ordinatere mu bulongame bulelela. Malu mapite pa tshitupa tshia "EPB mukanga" adi mu njila adi afumina ku voltage mukese wa 12-volt, tshiibi/tshiamu tshia bukubi tshidi katshiyi tshikumbane, anyi tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi ne bukoya:

Tshitupa 1: Pingaja bukole bua 12-Volt (tshintu tshia kumpala tshidi tshikebesha dikanga dia EPB dia bateri mufue)¶

Tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshia ku mashinyi tshidi tshienza mudimu ne nzero electricity padi mashinyi eba mimane bualu tshiamu tshia munda tshidi munda mua tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshidikanga nkayatshi. Ino, kubulula tshiamu tshia nzembu tshidi muinshi mua 15 too ne ku 25 kilonewtons ya bukole bua dikuata kudi kulomba dibutuka dia nzembu dia bungi: - Motere yonso wa kunyima udi ukoka 14 too ne ku 28 amps ya nzembu ya bungi mu 1.5 to ne ku 2.5 sekonde padibu bayipatula (too ne ku 50 amps musangisha mu tshitupa tshia panyima). - Shi batterie webe wa 12-volt mujimine butuku bujima kudi kamera, mashika, anyi musombe ku tshipalu tshia ndeke, biamu bia ku tshipalu tshia ndeke ne miendu ya munda mua mashinyi bidi mua kuikala anu bitema ku 10.8 too ne ku 11.4 volts, ne mu mashinyi a nzembu anyi a hybride, mashinyi adi mua kujuka anu kakese. Kadi dîba diudi ufina (P) tshintu tshidi tshishintulula, bukole bua tshiamu tshia ABS/EPB budi bupueka muinshi mua 10.2-volt brownout threshold, bienza bua ordinatere ikale ulekela dipatuka ne nzembu Parking Brake Fault. - Tshia kuenza: 1. Wewe wendesha mashinyi adi ne kapia ka munda ne motere udi utuadija, tuadija motere ne umulekele kayi wenza mudimu munkatshi mua minite 2 bua alternateur abandishe voltage wa systeme too ne ku 14.0 too ne ku 14.4 volts. 2. Shi motere kena wenza mudimu, nansha shi udi wendesha EV/PHEV na batterie wa 12-volt mutekete, ela lithium 12-volt jump-starter pack nansha jumper cables ya mu mashinyi a donor adi enda ku bimanu bia 12-volt bidi muinshi mua mashinyi; mona Dituta dia bateri wa mashinyi, dishintuluka dia polarite wa mashinyi, ne dijima dia aside wa bateri. 3. Bindile sekonde 60 bua tshiamu tshia pa mutu tshikale tshishindame, ikala ne tshiamu tshia kututa natshi tshilamakaja, pashishe ufina frein wa ku makasa bikole paudi ushintulula (P) kushintulula.

Tshitupa 2: Kumbaja bionso 4 bisokoka bia ordinatere ne wenze tshikondo tshia "Kuteka-Pashishe-Kulekela"¶

Mikenji ya bukubi bua mashinyi (UNECE Regulation No. 13-H ne FMVSS 135) idi ikandika frein wa mashinyi bua kupatuka pikala mashinyi wela meji ne: muana udi kayi ne muntu udi mua kutua tshintu tshidi mu mashinyi. Nansha tshiamu tshimue tshibala tshiunzulula, tshiamu tshia EPB netshibenge kuandamuna: 1. Kanga tshiibi tshia muendeshi tshishiki (ne tangila tshisumbu tshia biamu bua kujadika ni tshiamu tshia tshiibi tshidi katshiyi tshileja tshiibi tshiunzulula to). 2. Koka mukaba wa muendeshi wa mashinyi pa tshiadi tshiebe ne utshikuma mu tshilamba (nansha wewe ukeba anu kunyungisha mashinyi mutantshi wa metre umua mu njila webe). 3. Fina tshiamu tshia frein tshia ku makasa tshia hydraulique bikole (at least halfway down) ne utshikuate bikole. Shi tshiamu tshia kukolesha natshi frein tshijimije bukole bua tshiamu tshia nzembu bua dipompa dia misangu ne misangu ne motere mujima, fina ne makasa onso abidi bua tshiamu tshia nzembu tshia nzembu tshidi munda mua tshitupa tshia ABS tshileje nansha 20 too ne ku 30 bar (290 to ne ku 435 psi) - anyi tangila ni miendu ya frein yebe ya panyima idi itema paudi ufina pedale, bualu udi mupangile $15 tshintu tshia kukanga natshi muendu (Stop Lamp Switch) pa mutu pa tshiamu tshia frein** tshidi tshipangisha ordinatere wa EPB bua kumanya ne: dikasa diebe didi pa frein. 4. Koka (P) Kumpala, enza mudimu) mu tusunsa 3, pashishe umuteke panshi (Lekela) ne umukuate mu tusunsa 8: Shi motere umo wa caliper mupangile munkatshi mua tshijengu, tshiamu tshia EPB tshidi tshijimija muaba wa tshiamu tshia mitaku. Kukokesha Apply Tshia kumpala tshidi tshilombola mashinyi too ne ku tshitudilu tshiatshi tshia mpindieu, tshipingaja tshiamu tshia Hall-effect anyi tshiamu tshia nzembu, ne tshilama Release bua sekonde 8 mijima udi utuadija tshienzedi tshia mudimu tshienzeja/tshilele tshia dipatuka dia pa mutu tshia module.

Tshitupa 3: Teta "Auto Drive-Off" Override (Bypass a Broken Console (P) Shintulula)¶

Plastique (P) tshintu tshia kushintulula tshidi pa tshibandilu tshia munkatshi tshidi anu ku luseke lua biamu bia kulama nabi makopo, tshienza bua se: tshikale tshinyanguka padi mâyi apueka anyanguka. Nansha padi bintu bia ku mubidi (P) tshiamu tshia munkatshi tshidi tshifua, mashinyi onso a matuku etu aa adi ne Automatic Drive-Off Release (Auto-Release) mulongolola mu tshiamu tshia ABS/ESP pa tshiamu tshia CAN: 1. Tuadija motere (anyi ela EV mu READY mode). 2. Tangila ni tshiibi tshia muendeshi tshidi tshikanga bimpe ne mukanda wa muendeshi udi mukanga (Auto Drive-Off mmupangile pikala mukaba wa muendeshi kauyi mukanga anyi tshiibi tshiunzuluke). 3. Fina tshiamu tshia frein, ushintulule mu Drive (D) anyi Kupingaja (R), uleke frein wa ku makasa, ne fina bitekete bitekete tshiamu tshia dibandisha natshi mashinyi panshi 10 too ne ku 15 pa lukama bua mashinyi a CAN atambile motere ya tshiamu tshia panyima bua kupingana buludiludi.

Tshitupa 4: Enza 12-Volt Battery Terminal Reset anyi Tangila Rear 2-Pin Caliper Plug¶

Shi tshilema tshia nzembu tshia tshitupa tshîpi tshikanga tshiamu tshia H-bridge driver relay mu programe, enza ignition OFF, enza mudimu ne 10 mm wrench bua kumbusha negative (-) tshintu tshia kukanga natshi pa bateri wa 12-volt bua minite 5, utshisangishe kabidi, ne utshienzeje (P) kushintulula. Kabidi, ela muendu kunyima kua nkata ya panyima mikanga (ne nkata ya kumpala mikanga) ne tangila 2-pin waterproof electrical plug mubueja mu motere mufike udi kunyima kua tshiamu tshia panyima; neje ya mu njila itu misangu ya bungi ipatula tshiamu anyi inyanguka tshiamu tshia nzembu mutantshi wa 5 centimètres (2 inches) ne nzubu.

Dipatuka dia tshiamu tshia mudimu ku bianza: Biamu bia mudimu bia mu tshibombi ne diumusha dia motere wa caliper¶

Padi motere anyi tshiamu tshia EPB tshipeta dinyanguka dia kashidi ne udi ne bua kumbusha mashinyi mu nzubu wa mashinyi, mu njila wa mashinyi anyi mu njila wa kule kuyi ukoka nkata:

Malu a tshimpitshimpi a mu muvu wa mashika: Mushindu kayi wa kulekela biamu bia frein bia panyima anyi bisabata bia ngoma bivua bimane ku mashika¶

Shi uvua muendeshe mashinyi mu tshisuku tshikole, mu neje, anyi muaba uvuabu bowa mashinyi malaba mu mapingaja ne muimane butuku mu luya lukole (-2 to -25 degrees Celsius / 28 to -13 degrees Fahrenheit), mayi adi pankatshi pa tshilamba tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku ne tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku anyi tshiamu tshia mitaku adi afika mu tshibumba tshia mabue a mashika. Ebi bidi binyanga frein ya kunyima (mitamba kuikala mu mashinyi manene, mashinyi manene, ne EVs bu mudi VW ID.4/ID.3 mudi nsapatu ya kunyima idi mibuikila tshitupa tshinene tshia buloba idi ikola too ne ku tshibombi tshia ngoma) ne kabidi ma disque a kunyima ne frein ya munda ya "drum-in-hat":

Mukenji wa 4-Step Safe Winter Brake Release Protocol¶

1. Tshitupa 1 - Ujadike ne: EPB Switch mmupatuke (Red (P) Light Off), Pashishe wenze mudimu ne tshiamu tshia "Idle-Only" tshidi tshinyunguluka: Lekela tshiamu tshia frein wa mashinyi ne ujadike tshiamu tshia mashinyi (P) butoke budi bujika. Kuata frein wa ku makasa, ushintulule mu Reverse (R), ulekela frein wa ku makasa, ne lekela torque wa idle creep (anyi 10 pa lukama wa throttle tap) uteke suspension wa panyima kunyima, pashishe fina frein ne ushintulule mu Drive (D). Kupingaja R -> D -> R -> D bitekete bitekete misangu 3 anyi 4 udi uteka bukole bua dikosa pa tshiamu tshia mashika tshidi katshiyi tshinyunguluka.
2. Tshitupa 2 - Enza tshienzedi tshia dikankamika ku diambuluisha dia tshiamu tshia nkata ne tshiamu tshia mabaya ne marto: Teka ndekelu wa tshiamu tshia mabaya anyi tshia mabaya makole (2x4) kupitshila ku bipese bia nkata ku tshiamu tshia frein tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku anyi tshilamba tshia rotor tshidi tshibalakane (kututa tshintu tshia kukuba natshi lupuishi, tshiamu tshia frein anyi tshiamu tshia aluminium to - anyi kutapa tshilamba tshia pambelu tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku/tshimanu tshia nkata ne tshingoma tshia tshiamu tshia caoutchouc) ne wenze 4 too ne ku 6 bikuma bia bukole ne marto bua kutshibula tshiamu tshia ice.
3. Tshitupa 3 - Ela kapia kakole (Tshiamu tshia kusukula natshi nsuki) anyi mayi a luya lukole (40C / 104F).40 degrees Celsius / 104 degrees Fahrenheit) pa mutu pa tshingoma tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku anyi pa tshibandilu tshia caliper/rotor ne kuendesha diakamue mu tusunsa 60.
4. Tshitupa 4 - Teka mayi adi mashale kumpala kua kuimana kabidi: Enda diakamue 1 too ne ku 2 kilometre (0.6 too ne ku 1.2 miles) paudi wela frein wa ku makasa bua kukolesha biamu bia kunyima ne kumbusha luya luonso. Paudi wimanyika mashinyi pa buloba butekete, bululame panyima pa wewe mumane kuendesha mashinyi mu tshisuku, uteke nkata ne ukuate (P) shintulula kuinshi mu Release paudi ujima ignition bua biamu bia mâyi kabiyi bikuata butuku bujima.

Mushindu kayi wa kuela mashinyi adi ne nkata ya kunyima mikanga pa mashinyi adi akoka bantu kakuyi dinyanguka¶

Shi tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshia ku mashinyi katshiyi mua kupatuka ku muelelu kua njila, kulekedi muntu udi ukoka mashinyi bua kukoka mashinyi pa tshibandilu tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku ne nkata ya panyima mikanga, bualu ebu budi buenza bua nkata ikale minyanguke ne itekesha mashinyi: - Polymer Tire Skates (Wheel Skates / Skids): Mashinyi a polyethylene a UHMW adi ne bukole bukese adibu bateka muinshi mua nkata yonso ibidi ya panyima idi mikanga adi ambuluisha mashinyi bua kubanda ne panshi pa tshibandilu tshidi tshitenteka kakuyi dishintuluka dia nkata. - Free-Wheeling Recovery Dollies (GoJaks): Biamu bia nzembu bidi bibandisha nkata yonso ibidi ya kunyima 5 centimètres (2 inches) pa tshibandilu bua mashinyi apatuke mu miaba mikole.

Nomba ya tshimpitshimpi ya mu tshijengu ne mikenji ya bibambalu¶

Nkonko itubu bela misangu ya bungi¶

Ndiku mua kuendesha mashinyi anyi bimpe kudi mekanise pikala frein wa mashinyi mupangile mu muaba udi mupatuke anyi?¶

Eyowa, pikala tshiamu tshieba tshia frein tshia hydraulique tshidi tshikole ne muendu mutoke wa didimuija dia mayi a frein wa hydraulique kawena uleja ne: mayi adi apatuka to. Pa mashinyi onso a bantu, frein wa mashinyi udi wenza mudimu anu ne tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshia kunyima padiye muimane; frein yebe ya hydraulique ya nkata inayi (idibu benza nayi mudimu ne tshiamu tshia frein tshia ku makasa) idi yenza mudimu nkayayi ne idi ifila 100 pa lukama ya bukole buebe bua kuimana paudi wendesha. Ino, udi ne tshia kuimanyika mashinyi pa buloba butaka, bululame ne kuenza mudimu ne biamu bia kukanga nabi nkata pa kumbusha diteka dia tshiamu tshia mashinyi mu Park (anyi 1er gear pa tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshia ku bianza) too ne padibu balongolola EPB.

Bua tshinyi frein yanyi ya kunyima itu yenza mutoyi mukole anyi ilenga pandi mpatuka mu nzubu wa mashinyi mu dinda panyima pa meme mumane kuendesha mashinyi mu mvula?¶

Nansha pa mutu pa luya lua mashika, tshiamu tshia mitaku tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku ntshia tshiamu tshia mitaku tshidi katshiyi ne mvinyo tshidi tshipatula nsukadi mu mêba 2 anyi 4 padi biamu bia frein biume bishala bikuate bikole butuku bujima. Tshitupa tshikese tshia oxide wa tshiamu tshidi tshienza "dilamakaja dia tshiamu" (dilamakaja) dia tshitupa tshîpi pankatshi pa bintu bia tshiamu tshia mitaku bidi mu tshiamu tshia frein ne mpala wa rotor. Paudi upingana mu Reverse anyi mu Drive, biamu bia mudimu bidi bipatuka ku rotor udi ne njiya ne tshiona tshikole tshia tshiamu anyi tshiona tshia tshiamu, pashishe mutoyi wa dikosa dia tshiamu tshia mitaku bua misangu 3 anyi 4 ya kumpala ya dienza dia frein too ne padi biamu ebi bisukula tshiamu tshia nzembu tshidi pa mutu pa tshiamu tshia nzembu.

Mmunyi mundi mua kulama frein wanyi wa mashinyi bua kayi wenza mudimu nkayende pandi nteka mashinyi mu tshisuku tshia mu muvu wa mashika anyi pa tshiamu tshia kusukula natshi mashinyi?¶

Mashinyi a bungi a matuku etu aa adi ateka frein wa mashinyi dîba diudi ushintulula anyi ujima tshiamu tshia mashinyi, nangananga pikala tshiamu tshia Auto-Hold tshiteka. Bua kuimanyika mashinyi pa muaba mupepele, mutoke mu tshikondo tshia mashika makole kuyi ne biamu bia kunyima bidi bikuata ku biamu bia mashika (misangu yonso ikala muanji kukanga nkata), tuanji kufina butone bua Auto-Hold budi pa tshiamu tshia mashinyi bua kuimanyika Auto-Hold. Pashishe, padi dikasa diebe pa tshiamu tshia frein, tuta ne KUATA tshiamu tshia frein tshia kuimanyika (P) panshi mu muaba wa Release eku ufina butone bua Start/Stop bua kujima ignition, anyi tangila tshiamu tshiebe tshia infotainment muinshi mua Vehicle -> Service -> Car Wash / Brake Maintenance Mode.

Ndi mua kuenza mudimu ne tshiamu tshia OBD2 tshia tshiamu tshia diagnostic bua kupatula frein wa mashinyi udi mubuikila anyi?¶

Shi EPB mupangile bualu bua tshiamu tshia mudimu tshidi katshiyi tshimpe anyi bualu bua tshilema tshia tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshikanga - ne tshiamu tshia kunyima tshia caliper ne tshiamu tshia nshinga bidi anu bimpe - tshiamu tshia mudimu tshia OBD2 tshidi tshikuatshisha mudimu wa frein wa mashinyi (bu mudi OBDeleven, VCDS, BimmerLink, AlfaOBD, anyi tablete wa munkatshi) tshidi mua kukokesha AEPB mu "Dishintulula dia tshiamu tshia frein / Mushindu wa mudimu" (Mushindu wa dishintulula dia tshilamba). Shi batterie wa 12-volt udi na 12.5 volts (nansha tshiamu tshia kuela natshi bintu), kulombola Service Mode kudi kuenzeja module wa ABS bua kunyungulula bipese bionso bibidi bia kunyima too ne muaba udibi biunzuluke.

Ntshinyi tshidi mua kuenzeka meme mukoka anyi mufina frein wa mashinyi ku mpukapuka (P) kushintulula paudi wendesha mashinyi ne lubilu lua bungi anyi?¶

Bishilangane na tshiamu tshia frein tshia ku bianza tshia kale tshidi mua kukanga nkata ya panyima ne kuenza bua mashinyi anyanguke, kukoka ne kukuata tshiamu tshia frein wa mashinyi paudi wenda lubilu lua 5 too ne ku 8 km/h (3 too ne ku 5 mph) kudi kuenza bua program wa frein wa tshimpitshimpi udibu balomba kudi UNECE Regulation 13-HVSS ne 15 FM. tshintu tshia (P) tshitungunuka, mashinyi adi enza tshiona tshia didimuija, adi atokesha miendu ya frein ya kunyima, ne adi enza mudimu ne pompe wa hydraulique wa ABS/ESP wa nkata inayi bua kutekesha lubilu lua mashinyi mu mushindu mululame, udi kayi ne tshiibi tshia kuimanyika pabuipi ne 0.6g - ne udi ulekela frein diakamue paudi ulekela tshintu atshi; mona dipanga dia frein paudi wendesha.

Malu adi apetangana¶

• Biibi bia mashinyi, makunji, ne madidishi
• Dinyanguka dia frein paudi wendesha
• Tshilongo tshia volant tshikanga, dishintulula dia tshiamu tshia mashinyi, ne dikuma dia mashinyi adi mamane
• Dituta dia bateri wa mashinyi, dishintuluka dia polarite wa mashinyi, ne dijima dia aside wa bateri

Miaba ne buludiki bua mbulamatadi¶

• Tshibambalu tshia malu a mpetu tshia matunga masanga tshia ku Mputu (UNECE): Mukenji No. 13-H - Mikenji mifuanangane idi itangila dianyisha dia mashinyi a bantu pa bidi bitangila dienza dia frein (Biamu bia frein bia ku mashinyi bia ku mashinyi, Frein wa tshimpitshimpi udi wenda ushintuluka, ne malu adibu balomba bua kulekela mashinyi makuabu).
• Tshibambalu tshia bukubi bua mashinyi mu njila (NHTSA, mu États-Unis): Mukenji wa bukubi bua mashinyi (FMVSS) No. 135 - Malu adi atangila dikuba dia mashinyi ne frein ya mashinyi ya mashinyi.
• Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobil-Club (ADAC, Germany): Elektrische Parkbremse (EPB) lost nicht & Festgefrorene Handbremse im Winter: Pannenhilfe und Notentriegelung (Roadside EPB Release and Frozen Brake Procedures).
• Tshisumbu tshia ba-enjenyere ba mashinyi (SAE International): SAE J2992 - Electronic Parking Brake (EPB) System Performance, Caliper Actuator Current Draw, and Service Mode Guidelines.
• American Automobile Association (AAA) & WreckMaster Towing Standards: Mishindu ya kuela bintu mu mashinyi adi kaayi enda ne frein ya mashinyi mikanga ku diambuluisha dia biamu bia mashinyi bidi kabiyi ne bukole bua bungi ne bintu bia kupingaja nabi mashinyi.