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Dipanga dia mashinyi, dipanga dia tshiamu tshia mashinyi, anyi dijimija dia embrayage mu njila

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Bilumbu bia tshimpitshimpi bia disungula dia tshiamu tshia mashinyi ne tshia disungula dia mashinyi, nangananga Dikuluka dia tshiamu tshia embrayage tshia ku bianza (dibutuka dia tshiamu tshia embrayage anyi tshiamu tshia embrayage tshidi tshishiya mashinyi mu tshiamu tshia mashinyi), **Transmission automatique anyi CVT "Limp-Home Mode" / Dijimija dia tshimpitshimpi dia diendesha dia kumpala mu njila munene, Electronique anyi E-Lock Solenoid Seizure (shifter stick in Park anyi mubuele mu Drive ne bateri mufue), misangu ya bungi batu bapangisha bendeshi ba mashinyi mu njila ya lubilu lua bungi, mu njila ya ntanta, anyi mu mikuna mitumbuke. Tshidi tshibi menemene ntshia se: biamu bibidi bia hydraulique ne bia mecanique bidi bisokoka bidi bikuata bendeshi badi kabayi bamanye bualu: tshia kumpala, mu mashinyi a bungi adi ne transmission manuelle, embrayage wa hydraulique ne frein ya hydraulique ya nkata inayi idi ne tshitupa tshimue tshia mayi a frein, mbuena kuamba ne: embrayage udi unyanguka udi upatula tshitupa tshia kuulu tshia tshiamu tshia frein ne tshidi tshipatuka BRAKE muendu wa didimuija; tshibidi, biamu bia lelu bidi ne tshiamu tshia nzembu tshidi tshinyunguluka ne tshia kuela buto ("shift-by-wire") kabiena mua kubuela mu Neutral bua kuela mashinyi mafue pambelu pa njila pa kumbusha wewe mupatule tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshisokoka muinshi mua tshiamu tshia mashinyi anyi tshia panshi. Kumanya mua kuela tshiamu tshia mashinyi mu Neutral kuyi ne embrayage pa kuela throttle bua kumbusha torque wa dino dia vitesse, mushindu wa kuenza rev-match ne starter-crank mashinyi adi kaayi ne embrayage bua kufika muaba muimpe, mushindu wa kupingaja mode wa dishima wa transmission électronique, ne mushindu wa kuenza mudimu ne Shift-Lock Override udi musokome wa mashinyi ebe udi usungila mashinyi ebe ne ukupatula mu mashinyi.

Enza nunku mpindieu

  1. BIkala MOTERE WEBE UENZA BIMPALA MU MUSHINDU MUNENE NE ZERO ACCELERATION WA KUMPALA (TOTAL LOSS OF DRIVE): KUENZEKI lubilu mu njila wa njila to; Lama tshitupa tshionso tshia bukole bua dienda bua kufika ku dikasa dia balume diakamue. Padi tshiamu tshia dishintulula dia torque, mukaba wa tshiamu tshia CVT, tshiamu tshia embrayage, anyi tshiamu tshia axle tshinyanguka ku 100 kilometre ku dîba (62 miles ku dîba), udi ne bukole bua kuenda lubilu kabidi, ne bukole buebe bua dienda budi anu ne bukole buudi mua kupitshisha ku dikaya. Temesha bimanyinu bia njiwu diakamue, umbusha gaz, kulenga tshiamu tshia frein too ne paudi mu bukubi bua kusabuka mulongo wa lupuishi lutoke pa dikaya dia balume, ne upatuke bimpe mu mashinyi adi enda.
  2. BIkala PEDALE WEBE WA MANUAL CLUTCH MUPONKE PA NSHI NE MUSHALAKA (MU GEAR): Ela pedale wa gaz kakese ne ukoke levier wa gearshift bitekete bitekete Neutral (N); KUENA dijinga ne tshiamu tshia embrayage bua kushintulula mu Neutral to. Tshiamu tshia embrayage tshidi tshishala panshi padi tshiamu tshia embrayage tshia hydraulique tshituta anyi padi tshiamu tshia embrayage tshinyanguka. Bu mudi motere wenza bua mashinyi ikale wenda lubilu anyi wenda ukepesha lubilu (frein wa motere), meno a engrenage a hélice adi munda mua transmission adi makanga bikole pamue muinshi mua bujitu bua torque ne kaena mua kunyunguluka to. Fina tshiamu tshia mashinyi anu 5 pa lukama (muaba muimpe menemene udi mashinyi kaayi enda lubilu anyi atekesha lubilu) paudi ukoka bitekete bitekete pa tshiamu tshia mashinyi, ne tshiamu tshia mashinyi netshibuele mu mashinyi kakuyi lutatu Neutral ne minu ibidi.
  3. BIkala MUIMANYE MU MOTO WA MANUAL NE PEDAL CLUTCH MUFUE NE UDI NE BUA KUPUTUKA MU NYIKA: Kanga motere, ela tshiamu tshia mashinyi mu 1st Gear, ne uteke tshiamu tshia kutuadija natshi mudimu (anyi kupitshila ku tshiamu tshia embrayage) bua kuya kumpala. Kutetshi nansha kakese bua kuenzeja tshiamu tshia nzembu bua kubuela mu vitese wa kumpala padi motere wenza mudimu ne tshiamu tshia embrayage tshitshioke (netshikuate synchros kuyi ubuela). Tangila tshiamu tshia nzembu tshijima OFF, ela tshiamu tshia kushintulula natshi kapia mu 1st Gear padi motere muimane, ikala mujadike ne: njila webe udi kumpala udi mutoke, ne enza bua motere wa tshibangidilu: mashinyi neaye kumpala ne neatuadije kuenda mu vitese wa kumpala.
  4. BIkala tshiamu tshieba tshia mashinyi tshienda tshinyunguluka ne tshibuela mu "LIMP MODE" (MAX 50 KM/H / 30 MPH IN 2ND OR 3RD GEAR): Koka pa dikaya, kanga ignition OFF bua tusunsa 60, ne utuadije kabidi. Tshiamu tshia lelu tshia automatique, D-clutch (DV) tshidi tshibuela, ne C Fail-Safe / Limp-Home Mode (kukanga tshibombi tshia mashinyi mu tshiamu tshimue tshia pankatshi bu mudi tshia 2 anyi tshia 3 ne kupangisha RPM ku 2 500 too ne ku 3 000 RPM) dîba dionso didi Transmission Control Module (TCM) umona dipanga dia voltage, dipanga dia solenoïde, anyi dikola dia bungi dia mâyi. Shi kakuena tshina tshia mayi anyi mupuya wa kapia muinshi mua mashinyi, kujima mashinyi mu sekonde 60 kutu misangu ya bungi kupingaja bilema bia tshiamu tshia kumona natshi; Shi udi mushala mu Limp Mode, wendesha bitekete bitekete pa dikaya ne biamu bia njiwu too ne ku tshibuelelu tshidi pabuipi.
  5. BIkala MUSHINDU WEBE WA KUSHINTULULA MUDIMU PARK (P) NE KAKUENA KUYA KU DRIVE NANSHA NEUTRAL: Kangula tshitupa tshikese tshia "Shift-Lock Override" tshidi ku luseke lua tshiamu tshia mashinyi ne ufina munda ne tshifungu anyi tournevis. Shi tshiamu tshiebe tshia frein tshinyanguka anyi bateri webe wa 12-volt mufue, tshiamu tshia nzembu tshia Brake-Transmission Shift Interlock (BTSI) tshidi tshishala tshikanga nunku tshiamu tshia mashinyi katshiena mua kupatuka to Park. Kangula tshibuikidiji tshikese tshia plastique tshidi ku luseke lua P-R-N-D tshiibi, ela tshifungu tshia nzubu, tournevis wa mutu mupepele, anyi peni buludiludi mu tshina eku mukuate frein wa ku makasa ne frein wa kuimanyika mashinyi, ne ela tshiamu tshia kushintulula natshi mashinyi mu Neutral (N) anyi Drive (D).
  6. MUSHINDU WA KUIMANA PA DIBA: Misangu yonso ikala uteka frein wa mashinyi ((P)) KUMPALA kua kushintuluka mu Park (P) ne umbuka kunyima kua tshimanu tshia bukubi. Shi tshiamu tshia transmission tshia munda tshitshibuka, tshiamu tshia parking-by-wire tshidi katshiyi tshienza mudimu bimpe, anyi tshiamu tshia CV tshidi tshinyanguke bivua bikufikishe ku dijimija diendesha, ela tshiamu tshia mashinyi mu P (Kuimana) kakuakanga nkata to, ne mashinyi neakuluke dîba diudi umbusha dikasa diebe ku frein. Teka frein wa mashinyi bimpe, patuka kule ne mashinyi, ne ubikile muaba uudi musombele nomba ya tshimpitshimpi (911 mu États-Unis ne mu Canada, 112 mu Union européenne mujima, 999 mu Royaume-Uni, 000 mu Australie) shi udi mu njila wa njila.
flowchart TD
    A["Dishintulula dia tshimpitshimpi, Shifter, anyi Embrayage wa tshimpitshimpi"] --> B{"Ntshinyi tshidi tshinyanguke mu tshiamu tshia mashinyi?"}
    B -->|"Tshiamu tshia embrayage tshia ku bianza tshidi tshipueka panshi ne tshishala panshi (Motoka mmukuate mu mashinyi)"| C["KUTUA MUSHINDU: Fina tshiamu tshia gaz 5% ('float point') paudi ukoka tshiamu tshia mashinyi mu NEUTRAL (N); ku muelelu too ne ku dikaya"]
    B -->|"Motere udi unyunguluka bimpe mu lubilu lua njila munene ne ZERO propulsion (Slipping / Broken Belt or Shaft)"| D["KULAMINA BUKOKESHI: KUENA frein mu njila wa nzembu to; Njiwu ON; ku muelelu diakamue pa dikaya dia balume; Teka frein wa kuimanyika mashinyi"]
    B -->|"Dikuma dikole + Tangila Motere/AT Didimuija + mashinyi makanga mu 2nd/3rd gear ('Limp Mode')"| E["Koka pa dikaya; lekelayi 2 min pikalabi bikole, anyi jika OFF bua 60 sec bua kupingaja TCM; Tangila muinshi mua mashinyi bua kumona ni mayi a tshitoke anyi a ambre adi apatuka"]
    B -->|"Tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshikanga mu PARK (P) anyi Tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshilamakaja mu mashinyi ne bateri mufue"| F["Enza frein wa mashinyi + frein wa makasa; kangula tshitupa tshia SHIFT-LOCK OVERRIDE (anyi koka tshiamu tshia muinshi mua tshisanji) bua kusungula Neutral/Drive"]
    C --> G{"Udi ne tshia kumbusha mashinyi adi kaayi ne embrayage mu njila wa njila anyi mu njiwu anyi?"}
    G -->|"Eyowa"| H["Jima motere, uteke tshiamu tshia 1st Gear, koka Clutch-Start Cancel switch (anyi bypass pedal switch), ne enza starter bua kuendakana ne kuendesha mu 1st Gear"]
    G -->|"Tòo: Ukadi mu bukubi pa dikaya"| I["Tangila tshisokomenu tshia mayi a frein/embrayage muinshi mua tshiamu tshia mashinyi; bikila mashinyi a dikoka"]

Bua tshinyi dipatuka dia embrayage wa hydraulique didi ditemesha muendu webe wa didimuija wa 'FREN' mutoke (tshiamu tshia tshilaminu tshia bintu tshimue)

Mashinyi a bantu bapite pa 85 pa lukama adi ne transmission manuelle ne mashinyi manene kaena ne mulondo wa mâyi wa pa buende bua embrayage wa hydraulique to. Pamutu pa nanku, tshiamu tshinene tshia embrayage tshidi tshikoka mayi a frein a DOT 3 anyi DOT 4 kupitshila ku tshitupa tshia ku luseke tshidi tshilamakaja ku tshitupa tshia kuulu tshia tshina tshinene tshia tshiamu tshia frein. - Mushindu udi tshiamu tshia bukubi tshienza mudimu: Ba-enjenyere badi benza tshibumba tshia plastique tshidi tshiimana munda mua tshina tshia mayi a frein: tshitupa tshia embrayage tshidi pa mutu pa tshibumba, eku frein wa hydraulique wa nkata inayi musombe kuinshi kua tshibumba. - Ntshinyi tshidi tshienzeka padi tshiamu tshia embrayage tshituta: Paudi ufina tshiamu tshia embrayage, mâyi adi apatuka mu tshiamu tshia embrayage tshidi tshipatuka pa tshiamu tshia transmission too ne padi tshitupa tshia kuulu tshia tshina tshia frein tshipueka too ne ku dijiba dia munda. Dîba adi menemene, tshintu tshidi tshienda pa mâyi tshidi munda mua tshilamba tshidi tshipueka ne tshitokesha mutoyi mutoke BRAKE muendu wa didimuija pa tshiamu tshiebe tshia mashinyi kumpala kua tshiamu tshieba tshia embrayage tshikuluka panshi. Nansha mudi tshina tshia munda tshilama mayi a frein yebe ya nkata inayi, udi ne tshia kutangila tshina tshia frein diakamue ne kubenga kulengulula tshintu tshikunze to BRAKE butoke bulonda kudi tshiamu tshia embrayage tshitekete (tangila Dinyanguka dia frein paudi wendesha).

Drivetrain & Shifter Failure Diagnostic and Survival Matrix

Ingidija tshilejelu etshi bua kumanya tshilema tshia tshiamu anyi tshia nzembu ne kuenza mudimu muimpe wa dilongolola dia lukasa.

Tshilejelu tshia dipanga Miji ya kumpala Bimanyinu mu nkuasa wa muendeshi Tshilumbu tshia lukasa tshia mu nzubu wa ndeke Udi mua kuendesha bimpe too ne ku tshibuelelu anyi?
Pedale wa embrayage wa ku bianza udi upona panshi (kawena mua kupatuka to) Tshiamu tshia embrayage tshia hydraulique tshia mupika anyi tshia cylindre munene, tshilongo tshia hydraulique tshia embrayage tshidi tshinyanguke, anyi tshiamu tshia embrayage tshia tshiamu tshikosa. Tshiamu tshia embrayage tshidi tshipueka kakuyi ditantamena ne tshidi tshishala tshilamakaja ku tapis; shifter udi umueneka "mukanga" mu gear; motere neimana wewa muele frein ku 0 km/h mu vitesse. Tuta gaz kakese (5%) paudi ukoka tshiamu tshia mashinyi bitekete bitekete Neutral; ku muelelu wa mâyi ku dikaya ne frein ku kuimana mu Neutral. Anu mu tshimpitshimpi: Tuadija motere ne tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi mu 1st gear (bikala interlock mupita) ne wenda lubilu lua 20 km/h (12 mph) mu 1er gear, anyi rev-match shifts.
Disque wa embrayage wa ku bianza (Pedal Normal, Engine Revs High) Dinyanguka dia mafuta pa diske dia dikokangana dia embrayage (tshiamu tshinene tshia panyima tshidi tshipatuka) anyi bintu bia dikokangana bidi binyanguke too ne ku biamu bia nshinga. Tshiamu tshia embrayage tshidi tshimueneka tshia pa tshibidilu, kadi padibu babanda mukuna anyi padibu benda lubilu mu vitese wa ⅘, RPM udi ubanda eku lubilu lua mu njila lushala anu lumue; mupuya mukole wa mampa a kapia / mupuya wa résine wa phenolic. Kupuekesha lubilu ku vitesse wa nomba wa panshi (3rd anyi 2nd) muaba udi divudija dia torque dipuekesha bujitu pa mpala wa embrayage, ne dipuekesha dia throttle bipepele. Ntanta muipi anu pa buloba butaka: Epuka mikuna ne mashinyi a bungi; Wewe mulekele tshiamu tshia embrayage tshienda tshienda tshienda ku 4,000 RPM, tshiamu tshia nzembu netshikale ne kapia kakole ne netshibutuke.
Disangisha dia embrayage wa ku bianza / Tshiamu tshia dishintulula tshidi tshikosa (tshiamu tshia dishintulula tshidi tshinyanguka bitekete) Tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia plastike tshitshibuka ku nshindamenu wa tshiamu anyi pa mutu pa nzubu wa transaxle. Tshiamu tshia embrayage tshidi tshienza mudimu bimpe, kadi tshiamu tshia dishintulula dia vitese tshidi tshienda tshiya kumpala/tshinyima anyi ku luseke ne ku luseke bu mudi tshibombi mu tshibombi tshia supu, tshilamakaja mu vitesse kayi yonso uvuatshi mu ndekelu (misangu ya bungi 2 anyi 3). Fina tshiamu tshia embrayage panshi bua kuimana bimpe; enza mudimu ne motere. Eyowa, shi udi mu 2nd anyi 3rd gear: Ela embrayage udi wenza mudimu bitekete bitekete ku 2,000 RPM bua kukoka kule ne kuimana mu 2nd/3rd gear ne wendesha buludiludi ku nzubu wa dilongolola. (Anyi upuekesha tshilamba tshia mashinyi ne ukudimune tshianza tshia transaxle mu Neutral/2nd ku tshianza ne motere OFF ne frein wa parking ON).
Tshiamu tshia mashinyi "Limp-Home Mode" (tshikanga mu 2nd anyi 3rd Gear) Dikola dia mayi a dituma dia bintu (>130°C / 265°F), tshiamu tshia solenoïde tshidi katshiyi tshienza mudimu bimpe, tshiamu tshia turbine tshidi katshiyi tshienza mudimu bimpe, anyi voltage mukese wa tshiamu (<11.5V). Clunk anyi jolt; tablo udi uleja TRANS FAULT, AT, CHECK ENGINE, anyi kukenkesha D/PRNDL; mashinyi adi enda lubilu bitekete bitekete padiye wimana ne adi abenga kushintulula lubilu lupite pa 50 too ne ku 70 km/h (30 too ne ku 45 mph). Koka pa dikaya; shi udi ukoka/ubanda mu luya, udi kayi wenza mudimu Park/Neutral bua minite 3 (udi wenda ATF mu tshiamu tshia mashika); shi ki mmuomu kujima kapia mu sekonde 60 ne kutuadija kabidi. Eyowa, ntanta muipi: Mode wa Limp mmuenza bua kukuambuluisha bua kuendesha lubilu lua 40 too ne ku 60 km/h (25 too ne ku 35 mph) mu vitese muibidi anyi muisatu pambelu pa njila munene too ne muaba wa mashinyi muimpe.
Automatic / CVT Total Loss of Drive (Engine Revs Like Neutral in D) Tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia CVT tshitshibuka, tshiamu tshia turbine tshidi tshishintulula torque tshinyanguke, tshiamu tshia mashika tshia ATF tshitshibuka tshidi tshipatula mâyi onso, anyi tshiamu tshia CV tshidi tshitshibuka. Kuela mbila, kutshibula, anyi pop wa tshiamu tshilonda kudi tachomètre wenda unyunguluka bimpe too ne ku 4,000+ RPM ne zero forward pull mu D, L, anyi R; muishi wa ATF mukunze/tshina tshia mâyi tshidi muinshi mua mashinyi. KUENA FREIN MU LIVE LANE: Ela Hazard Flashers ne wenze mudimu ne metre yonso wa lubilu lua dienda bua kufika ku dikaya dia balume; Teka Frein wa kuimanyika mashinyi kumpala kua kushintulula ku P. TO: Mashinyi adi kaayi mua kuenda to. Shi mayi a ATF adi apueka pa milonda ya luya, umbuka diakamue bua kuepuka kapia ka mayi a transmission wa muinshi mua mashinyi.
Shifter Locked in Park (P) (Kakuakunyunguluka Paudi Ufina Frein) tshitupa tshia muendu wa frein (tshitupa tshia dolare 15) tshidi tshiosha muinshi mua diboko dia pedale wa frein, tshipueka STOP fuse, batterie wa 12V mufue, anyi muimane pa mukuna mutumbuke kayi muanji kuteka frein wa kuimanyika ("Torque Bind"). Udi utua tshiamu tshia frein, ufina butone bua shifter, ne levier udi mukanga bikole P; Tangila shi minda ya frein yebe mikunzubile idi itema paudi ufina pedale: pikala mîdima, tshiamu tshia frein ntshifue. Kangula tshitupa tshia Shift-Lock Override ku luseke lua tshiamu tshia dishintulula, upuekesha panshi ne tshifungu/tournevis, ushintulule ku N (Neutral), tuadija motere mu N, pashishe ushintulule ku D. Eyowa (ne budimu bua bungi): Shi tshiamu tshia frein tshifua, miendu yebe ya kunyima idi mifiike paudi ufina pedale wa frein; wendesha ne Hazard Flashers ON buludiludi ku tshisalu.

Tshitupa 1: Dibuela dia muinshi mua buloba: Mushindu wa kuendesha ne kuimanyika mashinyi adi ne tshiamu tshia ku bianza padi embrayage unyanguka bikole

Padi muonji wa embrayage wa hydraulique ututa anyi bearing wa embrayage wa dipatuka (bearing wa kuela panshi) unyanguka mu njila munene, ma plaque a embrayage adi ashala makuate pamue kashidi kudi ressort wa diaphragme mule. Wewe mushiye mashinyi mu tshiamu tshia mashinyi ne muele frein bua kuimana pa muendu mutoke anyi pa tshibuelelu tshia mashinyi, nkata neyienzeje motere bua kuimana padiye kayi wimana padiye wenda unyunguluka bikole.

Tshitupa 1: Mushindu kayi wa kupatula tshiamu tshia mashinyi mu Neutral Kakuyi Embrayage

Kuena mua kuela tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshikole padi dikasa diebe difina gaz anyi padi mashinyi enda ateketa mu frein wa motere to. Pamutu pa nanku, enza mudimu ne "Torque Unloading": 1. Teka tshianza tshiebe tshia balume (anyi tshia bakaji mu matunga adibu bendesha ku dia balume) bitekete bitekete pa tshiamu tshia dishintulula dia vitese, wenza mudimu ne bukole bua 2-kilogram (5-pound) mutangile ku tshitupa tshia munkatshi Neutral (N) tshiibi. 2. Ne dikasa diebe dia balume pa tshiamu tshia mashinyi, bandisha ne panshi tshiamu tshia gaz kakese ne 5 pa lukama. 3. Milliseconde menemene udi motere upitshila mu "Zero-Torque Float Point" (muaba udi motere kayi utuma nkata kumpala anyi ukoka nkata panyima), dikokangana dia meno a mbwa munda mua kazubu ka mashinyi didi dipueka too ne ku zero ne tshintu tshidi tshishintulula mashinyi netshipatuke bimpe menemene mu tshiamu tshia mashinyi Neutral (N). 4. Musangu umua mu Neutral, motere webe mmupatuke ku nkata: udi mua kuenda, kuela frein bimpe ne frein wa ku makasa, ne kuimana pa dikaya motere kayi wimana to.

Tshitupa 2: Mushindu kayi wa kuenza bua mashinyi adi kaayi ne embrayage aende kabidi (bua kujikija njila wa mashinyi anyi wa mashinyi)

Shi embrayage webe mupangile paudi muimane ku lumuenu lua njila, mu njila wa njiwu, anyi pa tshibumba tshidi katshiyi ne dikasa, kuena mua kuela tshiamu tshia mashinyi mu 1st Gear padi motere wenza mudimu: tshiamu tshia mudimu tshidi tshienda tshinyunguluka netshitute anu ku tshiamu tshia synchro tshia 1st-gear tshidi katshiyi tshienda.

Enza mudimu ne 4-Step Starter-Motor Launch Protocol: 1. Kima Motere Bionso paudi mukuate frein wa ku makasa. 2. Padi motere muimane, ela levier wa dishintulula dia mashinyi bikole mu 1st Gear (bikala meno a tshiamu tshia mashinyi afika ku mutu ne ku mutu ne kaayi mua kusesuka too ne ku 1st, uleke frein wa ku makasa 1 centimètre bua mashinyi akuluke tshitupa tshikese tshia inch, ne tshiamu tshia mashinyi netshikuate bimpe menemene 1st Gear). 3. Kupita anyi kuenza mudimu ne tshiamu tshia Clutch-Starter: - Pa mashinyi adi kaayi ne tshiamu tshia kukanga natshi (mikanda ya bungi ya ku Mputu/Australie ne mashinyi a kale), NANSHA pikala tshiamu tshia embrayage tshitshidi anu tshienda too ne ku tshibandilu (tshiamu tshia hydraulique tshitshibuka): Fina tshiamu tshia embrayage tshidi tshifue too ne ku tapis bua tshikuate tshiamu tshia nzembu tshidi kuinshi kua tshiamu tshia nzembu. - Pa 4x4 Pickup Trucks ne Off-Road SUVs (e.g., Toyota Tacoma, FJ Cruiser, Jeep Wrangler): Fina tshiamu tshia mudimu CLUTCH START CANCEL butone, budi bupangisha tshiamu tshia embrayage bua mashinyi ikale mua kutuadija mu mashinyi mu njila mitumbuke. 4. Umbusha dikasa diebe ku frein ne ukudimune tshifungu ku START (anyi kuata buto bua kutuadija): - Motere wa nzembu udi ne bukole bua bungi udi mua kuenza mudimu ne motere ne kuendesha mashinyi onso kumpala ku lubilu lua 5 km/h (3 mph) musangu umue. - Mu ma sekonde 2, motere usa kutuadija mudimu ne mashinyi ne enda bimpa mu njila 1st Gear ku lubilu lua 10 too ne ku 25 km/h (6 too ne ku 15 mph) too ne paudi ufika muaba muimpe wa kuimanyika mashinyi, muaba uudi mua kuela tshiamu tshia mashinyi bua kutshipingaja mu mashinyi Neutral ne kujima tshiamu tshia kapia.

Tshitupa 3: Mushindu kayi wa "Rev-Match" wa Upshifts ne Downshifts kakuyi embrayage (Emergency Highway Limp)

Shi udi mupangile mutantshi mule ne diambuluisha mu njila mubulula ne udi wenda ubuela 1st Gear, muendeshi wa mashinyi udi ne dimanya dia bungi udi mua kumbuka ku 1st bua 2nd bua 3rd kuyi ulenga tshiamu tshia embrayage pa kukumbaja RPM wa motere ne lubilu lua nkata (Clutchless Rev-Matching / Floating Gears):

  • Mushindu wa kubandisha mashinyi kuyi ne embrayage (tshilejilu, 1st Gear too ne 2nd Gear): Enda lubilu mu 1st gear too ne ku 3,000 RPM, pashishe upuekeshe pedale wa gaz eku wenza mudimu ne bukole bua kupingana panyima pa tshiamu tshia mashinyi bua se: diakamue paudi umbusha mashinyi, tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshibuele mu Neutral. Umbusha dikasa diebe dijima ku gaz mu sekonde umue mujima bua RPM ya motere ipueke pabuipi ne 1,000 RPM (kufika ku 1,800 too ne ku 2,000 RPM, bipetangana ne lubilu lua tshiamu tshia 2nd gear). Ikala ne bukole, ne minu ibidi ku tshibuelelu tshia tshiibi tshia 2nd-gear: padi tshiamu tshia tachomètre tshidi tshipueka tshipita mu RPM udi upetangana menemene, tshiamu tshia synchro tshidi tshiunzuluka ne shifter udi udikoka bimpe mu 2nd gear kayi unyanguka.
  • Mushindu wa kupuekesha mashinyi kuyi ne embrayage (tshilejilu, 3rd Gear too ne ku 2nd Gear): Fina pa throttle bua kupatula shifter wa 3rd gear mu Neutral. Paudi mu Neutral, "blip" (kutapa) pedale wa gaz muulu bua kubandisha RPM wa motere pabuipi ne 1,000 RPM (too ne ku 3,000 RPM) bua kukumbaja lubilu lua tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshia kuinshi, ne ulombole levier mu vitese muibidi padi RPM wenda ubanda.

Tshitupa 2: Dibuela dia muinshi mua buloba: Dinyanguka dia tshiamu tshia automatique, tshia Dual-Clutch (DCT), ne tshia CVT mu lubilu lua mu njila munene

1. Bua tshinyi kuena ne tshia kushintuluka mu Park (P) anyi Reverse (R) Patudi tuenda

Shi transmission webe wa automatique mubuela mu Neutral mu njila munene anyi mubuela mu vitese munene, kuena ne bua kupitshisha tshiamu tshia vitese to Neutral mu Reverse (R) anyi Park (P) padi mashinyi atshidi anu enda: - Tshinyi Park (P) udi bushuwa munda mua dituma diebe: Kusungula Park kena wenza frein wa friction to. Udi wela munu wa tshiamu wa bunene bua tshianza tshinene udibu babikila ne: Parking Pawl mu tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku tshidibu basuike ku tshiamu tshia transmission. Kubueja tshiamu tshia mashinyi mu Park pa mutu pa 8 km/h (5 mph) udi wenza bua tshiamu tshia mitaku tshipatuke bikole ku meno a tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshienda tshinyunguluka (ratchet-ratchet-ratchet) ne tshidi mua kukosa tshiamu tshia mitaku anyi kutshibula tshibombi tshia tshiamu tshia aluminium, tshishiya mashinyi kayi ne Park kanga paudi ndekelu wa bionso wimana.

2. Tshia kuenza padi mashinyi eba abuela mu "Transmission Limp-Home Mode"

Biamu bia lelu bidi bilombodibua ku diambuluisha dia nzembu (6-, 8-, ne 10-speed automatics, Dual-Clutch Transmissions, ne CVTs) bidi bitangila makumi a biamu bia hydraulique bia pression, biamu bia luya lua mâyi, ne bimanyinu bia lubilu lua tshiamu tshia input/output. Padi ordinatere umona tshilema tshidi mua kuosha biamu bia embrayage, udi wenza bua Limp-Home Mode: - Mushindu udi Limp Mode wenza mudimu: Ordinatere udi ukosa bukole bua solenoïde wa hydraulique, wenza bua mubidi wa valve wa transmission ikale ne tshiamu tshimue tshia mashinyi, pabuipi ne misangu yonso 3rd gear (anyi 2nd gear). * Bu muudi utuadija ku tshitudilu tshia 3rd gear, motoka neikale mutekete bikole ne wenda bitekete bitekete padiwu umbuka ku lumuenu lua njila (bu mudi kutuadija dikalu mu gear mubandile). * Bualu kabuena mua kubandila mu tshitupa tshia 5, 6, anyi 8 tshia dienda dia pa mutu, ku 70 km/h (45 mph) motere neele mbila ku 3,500 too ne ku 4,000 RPM. - Tshiamu tshia 3-Step Roadside Reset & Thermal Check: 1. Koka bimpa pa dikaya anyi muaba wa mashinyi. 2. Tangila ni tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi ne kapia kakole (AT OIL TEMP / TRANS HOT didimuija): Shi uvua ubanda pa mukuna, ukoka mashinyi, anyi wenda unyunguluka mu mashinyi a mu muvu wa été, KUJIMA motere diakamue; Lekela motere kayi wenza mudimu mu Park (P) anyi Neutral (N) mu minite 3 to ne ku 5 ne AC mujima. Mu mashinyi a bungi, pompe wa mayi a transmission utu anu wenda ne mayi a kapia mu tshiamu tshia mashika tshia radiateur padi motere kayi wenza mudimu; kukanga tshiamu tshia 140°C (285°F) kudi kukuata kapia munda mua tshiamu tshia torque. 3. Bikala tshiamu tshia nzembu katshiyi tshikole (Mushindu wa tshiamu tshia nzembu / tshiamu tshia nzembu): Shift in Park, ela frein wa mashinyi, jima tshiamu tshia kapia tshijima, kangula tshiibi tshia muendeshi (bua kulala ordinatere wa CAN-bus), windile sekonde 60 mijima, ne enza kabidi motere. Shi tshilema tshivua tshia dikola dia nzembu anyi tshilema tshia tshiamu tshia lubilu, tshiamu tshia mashinyi netshishintuluke bimpe bua wewe kuya ku nzubu wa dilongolola.

Tshitupa 3: Mushindu kayi wa kulekela tshintu tshidi tshilamakaja (ku Park bua Neutral) pa biamu bia mashinyi ne bia nzembu

Shi mashinyi obe ashika mu njila wa mashinyi, afua mu njila weba udi ukandika mashinyi adi akoka bantu, anyi apeta lutatu lua tshiamu tshia frein, udi ne tshia kubueja transmission mu Neutral (N) nunku mashinyi adi mua kupatuka mu njila anyi kuela mu tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshia kukoka natshi kakuyi dikoka dia nkata ya mashinyi idi mikanga.

Mushindu 1: Tshiamu tshia mudimu tshia pa tshibidilu anyi Tshiamu tshia dishintulula dia milongo tshidi ne muaba wa Shift-Lock Override

  1. Ela bikole pa frein wa ku makasa ne uteke frein wa kuimanyika mashinyi bua mashinyi kaayi mua kukuluka pa muntu nansha umue to.
  2. Tangila mu 2 too ne ku 5 santimetre (1 too ne ku 2 inches) wa tshishimikidi tshia tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi pa tshibandilu tshia munkatshi (anyi kuinshi kua tshilamba tshia mashinyi tshidi tshishintulula mashinyi) bua kupeta tshintu tshikese tshia tshiamu tshia plastique tshia tshijengu (misangu mikuabu tshifunda SHIFT LOCK anyi munda mutupu).
  3. Umbusha tshilamba tshikese tshia plastique ku diambuluisha dia nsongo ya tshifungu tshiebe tshia tshiamu (tshidi tshisokome munda mua tshifungu tshiebe tshia wireless: fina tshikunji tshikese tshidi panyima pa tshifungu tshiebe bua kupatula tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia njiwu) anyi tshingoma tshia mu tshibombi/tshiamu tshia kufunda natshi.
  4. Ela tshiamu tshia nshinga anyi tshiamu tshia tournevis bululame panshi 3 centimètres (1,2 inches) mu tshina too ne paudi umvua tshiamu tshia plastique tshidi ne ressort tshipueka munda, ne paudi mukuate tshiamu panshi, koka tshiamu tshia dishintulula dia mashinyi pambelu Park (P) mu Neutral (N).
  5. (Note on "Hill Torque Bind"): Wewe muimane pa mukuna mutumbuke ne muele mashinyi Park kumpala kua kuteka frein wa mashinyi, bujitu buonso bua kilo 1800 bua mashinyi budi bushindame pa tshiamu tshia mashinyi, tshitshisuika bikole menemene bua se: tshintu tshidi tshishintulula mashinyi tshidi tshiumvuika tshikole nansha padibu bafina butone bua kubandisha. Enza bua bantu babidi banyunguluke/bakuate tshiamu tshia mashinyi kuulu kakese paudi ukoka bikole pa tshiamu tshia mashinyi, ne tshiamu tshia mashinyi netshipatuke ne dîyi dikole clunk.

Mushindu 2: Biamu bia lelu bia "Shift-by-Wire" bia tshiamu tshia nzembu (Biamu bidi binyunguluka, Butonde, ne Joysticks ya Return-to-Center)

Pa mashinyi menza mu bidimu dikumi bishale ebi ne biamu bia kushintulula nabi mashinyi (Ram, Ford, Jaguar/Land Rover, Chrysler), biamu bia kushintulula nabi mashinyi (Honda, Acura, Hyundai, Lincoln), anyi joysticks ya nzembu (BMW, Prius, Audi, Mercedes, Mercedes, kakuena mushindu wa kulamakaja tshianza tshiebe ku tshiamu tshia mashinyi: kukudimuna dikala ne bateri wa 12-volt mufue kakuena kuenza bualu nansha bumue, ne mashinyi a bungi a nzembu adi adituta nkayawu mu Park dîba diudi ukangula tshiibi tshia muendeshi anyi ujima motere.

Mushindu kayi wa kupeta mashinyi a tshiamu tshia nzembu adi ashintuluka mu Neutral mu tshimpitshimpi: 1. Bikala bateri wa 12V utshidi ne bukole ("Car-Wash / Tow Neutral Mode"): - Ne dikasa diebe pa frein, uteke tshiamu tshia kapia ku ON / ACCESSORY, kushintulula mu Neutral (N), ne tangila mukenji wa tshisumbu tshia biamu bia mudimu: biamu bia bungi bia dishintulula nabi bintu bia ku nzembu bidi bilomba bua wewe kuate N butona panshi bua masekonde 3, fina OK / "Stay in Neutral for 15 Minutes" lomba pa tshiamu tshia kulenga, anyi kujima motere paudi mukuate tshiamu tshia mashinyi N nunku ordinatere kena ushintuluka nkayende to Park paudi ukangula tshiibi. 2. Bikala batterie wa 12V mufue (tshilamba tshia kupatula tshia mashinyi tshisokoka): - Njila A (Lubilu): Lamakaja 12V Jump-Starter Pack anyi Jumper Cables ku makunji a muinshi mua tshilamba; Dîba didi bukole bua 12-volt bupingana mu nzubu, tshiamu tshia nzembu netshishintuluke mu Neutral pa tshibidilu. - Option B (Manual Emergency Park-Release Tether / Screw): Tangila mu miaba ibidi bilondeshile dienza: * Ram / Jeep / Dodge / Ford / Land Rover (ZF 8-Speed): Kangula kazubu kakese ka tshijengu pa tshiamu tshia ku dia bakaji tshia tshitekelu tshia mashinyi (ku dia bakaji dia tshibandilu tshia mashinyi) anyi muinshi mua tshilamba tshia tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku tshidi mu tshibandilu tshia munkatshi, koka tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia nzembu tshia orange anyi tshikunze tshienza ne tshiamu tshia kuendesha natshi mashinyi (tshia ku dia bakaji) Fina tshiamu tshienda tshia tshiamu mu muaba wa tshikanga, tshidi tshikoka tshiamu tshia Bowden tshidi tshilama tshiamu tshia mashinyi mu Neutral. * Honda / Acura / BMW / Mercedes (Under-Hood or Under-Car Tool): Bidi bikengela kuteka tshiamu tshia kukanga natshi mashinyi pa mutu pa nzubu wa mashinyi udi muinshi mua mashinyi (muinshi mua kazubu ka luya) anyi kuenza mudimu ne biamu bia mashinyi ("Skates"**) muinshi mua mashinyi adibu basuike bua mashinyi kaayi anyanguka dituma.

Tip

Kumpala kua bualu bua tshimpitshimpi kuenzeka mu njila, kangula mukanda webe wa muena mashinyi lelu ne ukebe muaba udi mashinyi ebe Shift-Lock Override slot anyi Manual Park Release tether, ne ela meji bua kulonga tulasa tua diambuluisha dia kumpala ne CPR kudi Croix-Rouge anyi St John Ambulance bua wikale mudiakaje bua kuenza mudimu ne njiwu yonso ya mu njila kakuyi njiwu.

Nkonko itubu bela misangu ya bungi

Ndi mua kushintulula transmission manuel mu Neutral pandi ngenda tshiyi mufina pedale wa embrayage anyi?

Eyowa, kakuyi lutatu. Tshidi tshilama transmission manuelle mu vitesse paudi wendesha ki n'embrayage to: n'tshiamu tshia torque tshidi tshinyunguluka tshidi tshifina meno a vitese pamue dîba dionso didi motere wenza bua mashinyi aende lubilu anyi apuekesha mashinyi. Wewe mukoka bitekete bitekete tshiamu tshia dishintulula dia mashinyi mutangile ku tshiibi tshia munkatshi tshia Neutral paudi utapa tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshia 5 pa lukama (udi upuekesha bukole bua motere kayi ukoka anyi ukoka), tshiamu tshia mashinyi netshipatuke bimpe mu mashinyi mu Neutral ne minu ibidi ne kakuyi dikosa.

Bua tshinyi mashinyi anyi akabenga bua kupita 2 anyi 3 ne lubilu luanyi lua 50 km/h (30 mph)?

Tshiamu tshia dilombola dia mashinyi ebe (TCM) tshidi tshienza mudimu ne "Limp-Home Mode" (Fail-Safe Mode). Padi ordinatere umona dibala dia tshiamu tshia mudimu didi kadiyi diakane, nzembu mikese ya bateri, solenoide wa hydraulique mukanga, anyi luya lua bungi lua mayi a transmission, udi ukanga transmission mu tshitupa tshimue tshia pankatshi (pa tshibidilu tshia 2 anyi 3) ne udi ukandika RPM wa motere bua kukuba embrayage wa munda ku dinyanguka dia bintu eku utungunuka ne kukoka njila mule ku tshibuelelu tshimpe anyi ku nzubu wa dilongolola.

Ntshinyi tshidi mua kuenzeka meme muele tshiamu tshia mashinyi mu Reverse (R) ku mpukapuka pandi ngenda ngenda kumpala ne lubilu lua bungi?

Pa mashinyi onso a matuku etu aa adibu benze mu bidimu 20 bishale ebi ne tshiamu tshia nzembu tshidi tshienza mudimu nkayatshi, kakuakuikala bualu bubi budi mua kuenzeka to: tshiamu tshia kulombola natshi mashinyi tshidi tshibala bimanyinu bia lubilu lua nkata, tshidi tshimanya ne: mashinyi adi enda kumpala kupita 8 km/h (5 mph), ne tshidi tshikanga tshiamu tshia nzembu bua kuenza mudimu ne tshiamu tshia nzembu tshia nzembu padiye wenza mudimu, udi mushintulula mu Neutral (ne misangu ya bungi udi uleja mukenji wa didimuija anyi udi utemesha tshiamu tshia foto tshia panyima) too ne paudi upingana ne levier mu Drive (D). Pa mashinyi a kale adi ne tshiamu tshia automatique, kushintulula mashinyi mu Reverse ku lubilu lukole kudi kuimanyika motere ne kudi mua kukanga nkata ya mashinyi anyi kumbusha tshilamba tshia reverse.

Bua tshinyi tshiamu tshianyi tshia mashinyi tshidi tshilamakaja mu Park (P) nansha mudi motere wanyi utuadija ne wenda bimpe?

Mu misangu mipite pa 90 pa lukama idi tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshienda tshikanga mu tshimpitshimpi mu Park, tshidi tshikebesha ntshia tshiamu tshia nzembu tshia 15 tshia dolare tshidi katshiyi tshienza mudimu tshidi tshiteka pa mutu pa tshianza tshia frein (anyi tshiamu tshia STOP tshidi tshifume). Bua bukubi, mashinyi ebe adi ne tshintu tshia nzembu tshidibu babikila ne: Brake-Transmission Shift Interlock (BTSI) tshidi anu tshiunzulula tshiamu tshia nzembu paditshi tshipeta tshimanyinu tshia nzembu tshidi tshileja ne: dikasa diebe didi difina tshiamu tshia frein. Shi tshiamu tshia frein tshijima, mashinyi kaena mumanye ne: dikasa diebe didi pa frein to, ne miendu yebe ya kunyima idi kabidi mifiike bikole. Ingidija tshitupa tshia Shift-Lock Override tshidi ku luseke lua tshiamu tshia mashinyi bua kubuela mu Neutral, kutuadija mashinyi, ne kuendesha ne Hazard Flashers yebe buludiludi ku nzubu wa dilongolola.

Miaba mifumina

  • National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) (United States): Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 102 (Transmission Shift Lever Sequence, Starter Interlock, and Transmission Braking Effect) and Electronic Shift-by-Wire Rollaway Safety Investiments.
  • Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE International): Transmission Control Module (TCM) Fail-Safe ("Limp-Home") Hydraulic Default Architectures, Brake-Transmission Shift Interlock (BTSI) Design, and Shared Brake/Clutch Master Cylinder Reservoir Standards.
  • American Automobile Association (AAA) & Royal Automobile Club (RAC) (United States / Canada / United Kingdom): Njila ya tshimpitshimpi ya muendeshi wa mashinyi bua dinyanguka dia tshiamu tshia embrayage, dishipa dia tshiamu tshia embrayage tshidi katshiyi ne embrayage, ne dienza dia tshiamu tshia shift-Lock Override.

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