Bintu bia kulamba nabi mampa bidi bibutuka, makala adi matshibuka pa mutu pa tshioshelu, ne makala adi mu biakudia¶

When a glass baking dish, glass pot lid, or tempered glass stovetop shatters in the kitchen from thermal shock or physical impact, it rarely breaks into two or three neat pieces. Instead, heat-strengthened and tempered soda-lime glass releases stored internal tension instantaneously, exploding with a loud bang and launching thousands of razor-sharp fragments and invisible microscopic glass needles up to 5 meters (16 feet) across countertops, open pots of food, kitchen floors, and bare feet.

Mukanda ewu udi umvuija tshiudi mua kuenza mu tusunsa makumi asambombo tua kumpala kunyima kua dilongo dia dilamba dia mampa anyi dikala dia dikalashi dia tshiamu tshia mitaku dimane kutshibuka, mushindu wa kukuba bena mu dîku ne nyama ya mu nzubu ku bipese bia dikalashi bisokoka, padi bibambalu bia bukubi bua biakudia bikulomba bua kuela biakudia bidi pabuipi nebe kuyi udia nansha tshimue, tshia kuenza padi muntu mumina tshitupa tshia dikopo, ne mushindu wa kumona anyi kutshibula tshitupa tshia dikopo tshitekelu tshia dikala dia tshiamu tshia induction kumpala kua mayi apueka adi mua kuenza circuit muipi wa voltage munene.

Enza nunku mpindieu¶

1. Ikala muntu yonso muaba wende, ambila bena mu dîku bua kubenga kuenza nansha dikasa dimue ne makasa anyi mashosette, ne umbusha bana ne nyama ya mu nzubu pambelu pa tshikuku: Dibutuka dia makala adi afila bintu bidi bimueneka patoke, bidi bu nshinga mu nzubu mujima ne mu njila idi pabuipi mudibi kabiyi bimueneka nansha kakese padibu babiteka pa mabue a nsongo anyi pa mabaya makole too ne padi muntu mukuabu ubitua.
2. Put on hard-soled shoes and thick work or dishwashing gloves before taking another step: If your shoes are in another room and you are trapped on a glass-covered kitchen floor, lay down thick bath towels, cardboard boxes, or kitchen mats ahead of your feet as a temporary bridge until you can put on sturdy closed-toe footwear.
3. Turn off the oven, stove burners, or flip off the 240-volt kitchen range circuit breaker if the glass cooktop itself is cracked or shattered: Never touch a cracked electric or induction glass stovetop while its heating elements or indicator lights are energized, and never let boiling water or pan liquids seep down through a crack into the live high-voltage wiring underneath.
4. Wait at least 30 to 45 minutes for hot exploded glass baking dishes and spilled food to cool down before touching or sweeping them: Picking up 200-degree-Celsius (400-degree-Fahrenheit) glass fragments causes combined third-degree thermal burns and deep tendon lacerations, and pouring cold water on hot glass fragments left on a stove causes secondary explosive shattering.
5. Throw away 100 percent of any uncovered food, drinks, ice buckets, or ingredients that were sitting within 3 to 5 meters (10 to 16 feet) of the glass break: Never attempt to rinse, strain, sieve, or pick broken glass out of food or beverages; microscopic glass splinters are completely transparent when wet, cannot be filtered reliably, and can perforate the esophagus or intestines if swallowed.
6. If anyone may have gotten a glass particle in their eye, tell them not to rub or squeeze their eyelids shut, and flush or seek immediate emergency eye care: Rubbing an eye that contains a microscopic glass speck drives the sharp silica edge directly into the cornea; rinse gently with sterile saline eyewash or seek immediate clinical evaluation (see our mputa ya ku mêsu guide).

Dipangadika dia malu: diandamuna ku malu a tshimpitshimpi a makopo a mu tshikuku¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Dikopo dia tshikuku dia tshimpitshimpi (Bintu bia kuenza nabi mampa, Tshilamba tshia kutekela, anyi Dibutuka dia tshibombi)"] --> Shoes["Tshitupa 1: Lekela dienda, umbusha bana/bimuna bia mu nzubu, ne uvuala bisabata bia nsongo mikole"]
    Shoes --> Source{"Mmushindu kayi wa njiwu ya makala uvua muenzeke?"}
    Source -->|"Tshiamu tshia mampa tshidi tshituta anyi tshibuikidiji tshia tshilongo"| CoolWait["Jima fulu/tshioshelu ne windile minite 30 to ne 45 bua dikopo dia kapia difike ku mashika"]
    CoolWait --> DumpFood["Ela biakudia bionso, bia kunua, ne mabue a mashika mu bule bua metre 5 (16 feet) ne muaba wa dikisha"]
    DumpFood --> CleanProtocol["Enza mudimu wa disukula dia makala mu bitupa binayi (karton, tshisuku, tshikebelu tshia nseke ya toshete, tshilamba tshia kuowela natshi/tshilamba)"]
    Source -->|"Tshitekelu tshia tshiamu tshia makala tshidi tshipanduluke anyi tshitshibuka"| KillPower["Kutengi tshintu nansha tshimue: Kama tshintu tshidi tshikosa 240V ku tshiamu tshinene tshia nzembu"]
    KillPower --> TapeCrack["Padi mashika, kanga tshitupa tshidi tshipatuka ne tshilamba tshikole bua kupangisha mâyi bua kupatuka too ne padibu bapingaja dikala dia pa mutu"]
    Source -->|"Dikopo didi mua kuikala dimina mu biakudia anyi mu maluvu"| SpitOut["Upatule mukana mushale diakamue ne usukule mukana muebe bitekete bitekete (Kuenzeji muntu bua kuela nsukadi to)"]
    SpitOut --> CheckSymp{"Udi ne disama dia nshingu, dia mayi, dia nshingu/tshifu/tshifu, anyi mashi anyi?"}
    CheckSymp -->|"Eyowa: Tshitupa tshia bimanyinu anyi tshinene tshidi ne mishiku"| CallEMS["Bikila ku nimero ya njiwu anyi ndaku ku tshibambalu tshia njiwu diakamue bua kuenza tshikebelu tshia endoscopie / tshimfuanyi"]
    CheckSymp -->|"Tòo: Tutombo tukese patupu ne kakuyi kanyinganyinga"| PoisonCall["Bikila ku telefone wa diambuluisha dia baminganga, dia biakudia bidi ne fibre ya bungi, ne kutangila bintu bia mu tshisuku"]

Bua tshinyi bintu bia kuenza nabi mampa ne bibuikidiji bia milondo bidi bibutuka mu tshimpitshimpi: borosilicate vs tempered soda-lime glass¶

Umue wa ku njiwu mikole ya mu tshikuku udi wenzeka padi muteki upatula dilongo dia dikopo mu fulu wa kapia, umuteka pa mesa anyi pa tshioshelu, anyi wela mvinyo anyi mvinyo mu tshilongo tshiume, ne dilongo didi dibutuka mu tshimpitshimpi ne bukole bua kapia.

Fizike wa tshipupu tshia kapia ne tshinyangu tshia munda¶

Kujingulula bua tshinyi bintu bia kuenza nabi mampa bidi bipatuka kudi kukuambuluisha bua kumanya bintu bidi mu bibombi biebe bidi mu njiwu:

1. Dikopo dia borosilicate (Dikopo dia kale dia mu laboratware ne dikopo dia kale dia ku Mputu): Mu malu a kale, bintu bia kale bia dikopo dia mu fulu bivua bienza ne dikopo dia borosilicate (silicate misambakaja ne boron trioxide). Dikopo dia borosilicate didi ne tshipiminu tshikese tshia divulangana dia kapia (pabuipi ne \(3.3 \misangu 10^{-6}\text{ K}^{-1}\)), mbuena kuamba ne padi luseke lumue lua dilongo ludi ne kapia ne luseke lukuabu lulenga muaba udi mashika, dikopo didi divula ne dikoseka kakese ne didi ditantamena dikuma dikese. Padi dikala dia borosilicate ditshibuka bua dikuluka, didi ditshibuka mu bitupa bikese binene pamutu pa kututa.
2. Tempered soda-lime silicate glass (Modern mass-market bakeware and pot lids): Mu bidimu makumi makese bishale ebi, bafidi ba bintu ba bungi ba mu Amerike wa ku Nord ne pa buloba bujima mbashintulule bintu bia kuenza nabi mampa ne bipese bia mu dikala dia soda-lime glass. Nansha mudi dilengeja dia bintu divudija bukole bua mashinyi bua kubenga kututa ku tshina tshia mâyi, dikala dia soda-lime didi divula ne dipueka misangu isatu mipite bungi kupita dikala dia borosilicate padidi dikuata anyi dilengeja lukasa.
3. Bua tshinyi dikala dia soda-lime didi dibutuka bikole: Dilengeja dia kapia didi dienza mudimu padidi dilengeja dia lukasa dia pambelu pa dilongo dia dikala dia tshiamu tshia mitaku eku tshitupa tshia munda tshienda tshitoka bitekete bitekete. Ebi bidi bikanga dikoba dia pambelu mu dikengesha dia dikuma ne tshitupa tshia munda mu dikengesha dia dikokangana dinene. Shi tshipupu tshia kapia (bu mudi kuteka tshiamu tshia 200-degree-Celsius / 400-degree-Fahrenheit pa tshitekelu tshia mabue a nsongo, tshiamu tshia kapia tshidi katshiyi ne mutoyi, anyi kuela mâyi a mashika mu tshiamu tshia kapia tshiume) anyi tshintu tshikese tshidi katshiyi tshimueneka tshienza bua petrole apatuke too ne mu tshitupa tshia millitre, Bukole buonso budibu balame mu dilongo dijima budi bupatuka ne lubilu lua mutoyi (lupita pa metre 1500 ku sekonde), butshibula dilongo mu binunu ne binunu bia bipese ne nshinga bidi bienda bibuuka.

Bienzedi muanda mutekete bidi bijula dibutuka dia bintu bia kuenza nabi mampa¶

Kuteke dilongo nansha dimue dia dikala dia mampa, dilongo dia mampa dia dikala, anyi dikopo dia kupima dia dikala ku bintu ebi muanda mutekete bidi bienza bua kapia kakole to:

• Kuteka nansha kakese bintu bia kulamba nabi mampa muinshi mua tshiamu tshia kulamba natshi mampa (tshintu tshia kuosha natshi mampa) anyi munda mua tshiamu tshia kulamba natshi mampa pabuipi ne bintu bia kapia bia quartz/metal, muaba udi kapia ka infra-rouge kapite pa 260 degrés Celsius (500 degrés Fahrenheit).
• Kuteka dilongo dia dikalashi pa mutu pa tshiamu tshia kapia (gaz, bobine wa nzembu, radiant wa pa mutu, anyi induction), nansha mudi tshiamu tshia kapia tshijima; kapia kadi kashala anyi tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia mashika tshidi tshienza bua kapia kakole kakole kadi kapatula bintu bia kuenza nabi mampa bia makala.
• Kupatula dilongo dia dikopo mu fulu ne kuditeka pa mabue a granite, a quartz, a marbre, a stainless steel, anyi pa mesa maume, anyi pa tshilamba tshia dilongo tshitoke. Nansha tshilamba tshidi katshiyi ne mâyi tshidi tshilua luya diakamue ne tshikoka kapia muaba umue kuinshi kua dikopo, tshienza bua tshintu tshipatuke. Misangu yonso, ikala uteka bintu bia kuenza nabi mampa bia dikala dia kapia pa tshintu tshiume, tshikole tshia tshilamba tshia coton, pa tshilamba tshiume tshia cork, anyi pa tshilamba tshia mabaya tshiume.
• Kuena ne tshia kuela mayi (tshisuku, mayi, mvinyo, anyi mvinyo wa mashika) anyi bisekiseki bia mashika mu dilongo dia dikopo dia kapia ne diume didi kale mu fulu to.
• Kuangatshi dilongo dia dikopo buludiludi mu tshikuku anyi mu frigo ne kuditeka mu fulu mulongolola kumpala kua dîba; lekela dilongo dilue ku luya lua mu nzubu pa tshitekelu tshia bintu kumpala, ne misangu yonso enza bua fulu ikale ne kapia kakole kumpala kua kubueja bintu bia kuenza nabi mampa bia mu dikala bua tshintu tshia kuinshi tshidi tshifila kapia katshitumishi dilongo ne kapia ka bukole bua bungi mu tshikondo tshia dilongolola dia kapia.
• Kuteke nyama miume anyi bisekiseki mu dilongo dia dikopo kakuyi tshitupa tshia mayi, mafuta anyi manteka tshidi tshibuikila panshi; miaba miume ya makala idi ipita luya lukole kupita luya lua miaba idibu babuikile kudi biakudia biume, bienza dishilangana dia luya lua lufu muinshi mua tshilongo.
• Tangila bipese bia makala bua kumona ni kudi mpuku, bipese, ne bipese bia tshiamu: Shi dilongo dia dikala dia mampa didi ne bipese bikese ku muelelu anyi bipese binene bia kuinshi bia tshiamu tshia spatule anyi miele, utshimbushe mu fulu diakamue, bualu bipese bia pa mutu bidi bienza mudimu bu tshintu tshidi mua kufikisha ku dinyanguka dia mpukapuka nansha minite mikese panyima pa dibala dia tshiamu tshia mitaku dipepula.

Difuanyikija dia njiwu ya makopo a mu tshikuku ne mandamuna a bukubi¶

Dikuatshisha dia kumpala ne dipangadika dia luondapu pikala muntu mumina tshitupa tshia dikopo¶

Kupeta muelelu wa dikopo dia kunua anyi tshitupa tshia dikopo kuinshi kua dilongo panyima pa wewe anyi muanebe bamane kumina biakudia bia bungi kudi kukuatshisha buôwa. Londa tshilele etshi tshia disungula dia malu a luondapu tshidi tshileja kudi Centres de contrôle des poisons ne kudi sociétés ya gastroenterologie ya bana:

flowchart TD
    Ingest["Kuela meji ne: kudi dikopo mu biakudia anyi mu maluvu"] --> Mouth["1. Tula bintu bionso bidi mukana diakamue ne usukule bitekete bitekete ne mayi"]
    Mouth --> NoVomit["2. KUENJI KUENZA MUNTU (Diela didi dipingaja makala a nsongo mu tshifu)"]
    NoVomit --> InspectMouth["3. Tangila mishiku, ludimi, ne munda mua matama muinshi mua butoke bukole bua kumona ni udi ne bilonda bikese"]
    InspectMouth --> RedFlags{"Kudiku bimanyinu bia njiwu mikole anyi?<br/>(Dipatuka dia mayi, lutatu lua kumina, disama dia mu nshingu/mu nshingu/mu tshiadi/mu tshifu, dikokola, dipuekesha, anyi mashi)"}
    RedFlags -->|"EYOWA: Tshimanyinu tshionso tshidiku anyi tshidi tshimanyike ne: tshitupa tshinene/tshidi ne mishiku tshidi tshimina"| GoER["Ndaku diakamue ku tshibambalu tshia malu a mpukapuka tshia mu lupitadi (anyi ubikile nimero wa malu a mpukapuka pikala mupuya)"]
    RedFlags -->|"NO: Kakuyi kanyinganyinga nansha kakese ne anu tutotshi tukese tua mu tshiamu tshia nzembu tudi mua kuikalaku"| CallPoison["Bikila tshibambalu tshia malu a buanga (1-800-222-1222 mu États-Unis) anyi telefone wa diambuluisha dia baminganga bua kuenza mudimu wa disungula"]
    CallPoison --> Diet["Dya biakudia bipepele, bia bungi bidi ne fibre ya bungi (Mampa, Bimuma bia mvinyo, Mampa a nkunde, Nkunde) ne Nua mayi"]
    Diet --> Watch["Tangila bimanyinu bia didimuija dia matuku 5 anyi 7 adi alonda (Mashi, mashi, luya, disama dia mu difu)"]

Bua tshinyi kuena ne bua kuenza bua muntu afue panyima pa wewe mumane kumina dikopo to¶

Padi muntu umina tshintu tshikuabu tshidi ne buôwa bu mudi tshitupa tshia dikalashi, tshienzedi tshia buôwa tshia pa tshibidilu ntshia kuteta bua kumuenzeja bua kuela mbila anyi kuela manyi bua kutshipingaja. Kuena ne bua kuenzeja muntu bua kuela nsukadi to, ne kuena ne bua kupesha muntu tshintu tshia ipecac anyi mâyi a mukele to. Kumina i tshienzedi tshia mubidi tshidi tshienza mudimu pamue (peristalsis) tshidi tshilengeja mishipa ya mu tshifu kumpala kua bolus. Dibutuka, mu mushindu mushilangane, ndisama dia tshikisu, dia bukole bua bungi didi dienzeja aside wa mu tshifu ne tshitupa tshia dikala dia nsongo bua kukuata ku bukole ku bimanu bia muinshi mua tshiadi tshia mu tshifu, tshia mu nshingu ne tshia mu njila wa luya, bidi bivudija njiwu ya dibutuka dia mu tshifu didi mua kunyanga muoyo.

Tshibambalu tshia malu a tshimpitshimpi tshidi tshileja mabenda makunze ne ditangila dia ku nzubu¶

• Ndaku diakamue ku tshibambalu tshia malu a mpukapuka tshia mu lupitadi tshidi pabuipi nebe (anyi ubikile ku nimero ya malu a mpukapuka ya muaba unudi: 911 mu États-Unis/Canada, 112 mu UE, 999 mu UK) bikala muntu au ne tshimue tshia ku bimanyinu bidi bilonda ebi:
  • Diumvua dia tshintu tshilamakaja anyi tshikosa mu nshingu, mu nshingu anyi mu tshiadi (diumvua dia tshintu tshikuabu tshia globus).
  • Disama padi muntu umina mate anyi mayi (odynophagia) anyi lutatu lua kumina (dysphagia).
  • Kuela mayi, kuela mate, kuela mbila, kuela mbila, anyi kukokola (nangananga kudi bana batekete ne bana batekete badi kabayi mua kuamba kanyinganyinga ka mu mikolo). -Mashi onso adi mu mate, mu nsukadi, anyi mu nsukadi.
  • Disama dia mu tshiadi kunyima kua mufuba wa tshiadi, disama dia ku mutu kua difu, disama dia tshiadi, anyi difu dikole.
  • Udi mumanye ne tshitupa tshivuabu bamine tshivua tshile kupita 1 to 2 centimètres (0.4 to 0.8 inches) anyi tshivua ne tshimfuanyi tshia tshingoma tshikosa.
• Mushindu udi baminganga bakonkonona dikala dia dimina (ne bua tshinyi biamu bia X-ray bitu bipua muoyo imue misangu): Bishilangane ne lungenyi lua kale lua ne: "anu tshiamu tshia plomb ke tshidi tshimueneka ku biamu bia X," makebulula a bungi a ku radiologie adi ajadika ne: pabuipi ne bitupa bionso bia tshiamu tshia soda-lime, borosilicate, ne biamu bia dikala dia mu nzubu bidi bipita 2** millimeters (1**1 pach/paque) bidi ne radio inch (bidi bimueneka ku biamu bia X bia patupu) bualu bunene buabi budi bupite bua mubidi wa muntu, nansha mudi bitupa bia mubidi bidi muinshi mua 1 anyi 2 milimetre anyi bitupa bidi bibuikila kudi mifuba ya mukolo bidi mua kulomba bua kuenza tomographie computerisée (CT) scan anyi dikonkonona dia endoscopie bikala bimanyinu bimueneka.
• Bikala muntu kayi ne tshimanyinu nansha tshimue ne uvua anu mua kuikala mumine tshintu tshikese tshia mu tshifu: Padibu bamane kumujikija kudi Poison Control anyi kudi munganga webe bua kumutangila kumbelu, peristalsis wa mu tshifu udi ne tshibidilu tshia kuenza mudimu ne 80 too ne ku 90 pa lukama ya bintu bikese bia pambelu bidibu badia bimpe mu tshitupa tshia digestion mu matuku 2 ** ** bua kuikala mu tshifu. Pesha muntu biakudia bia pa tshibidilu bidi ne bintu bia bungi bidi ne fibre (bu mudi mampa matekete, bukula bua avoine, bimuma bia blé, nkunde, ne makaroni) ne mâyi a bungi, epuka bua kumupesha manga adi alengeja mubidi (malu adi alengeja mubidi adi afila disama dia lukasa dia munda dia tshintu tshidi ne buôwa pamutu pa kulekela tshilamba tshinene tshinyunguluka mu nzubu), ne kuya diakamue mu nzubu pikala disama dia mu difu, luya, tshipupu, anyi tshisuku tshifiike/tshia mashi tshipatuka mu lumingu ludi lulonda.

Mukenji wa mudimu wa 4-stage wa kusukula makala adi manyanguke¶

Padi dikala dikole dibutuka mu tshikuku, dikomba patupu munkatshi mua panshi didi dishiya nkama ya bipese bikese bia nsongo bidi bisokome ku mabaya, muinshi mua tshiamu tshia frigo, ne mu milongo ya mabue. Ingidija mushindu ewu wa 4-stage udi wenza mudimu kumbukila ku tshiibi too ne munda:

Tshitupa 1: Umbusha muaba muimpe wa kuimana ne umbusha bitupa binene ku bianza¶

1. Vwala bisabata bia nsongo mikole, bintu bia kukuba nabi mêsu, ne bianza bikole bidi kabiyi bitapa anyi bia tshiseba anyi bia tshiamu tshia nshinga, longolola tshintu tshia kuela nabi bintu tshidi katshiyi tshinyanguka (kazubu ka karton kakole kadi ne mifuku ibidi ya bukoya ya plastique, anyi tshibombi tshia plastique tshikole: kuedi dikopo didi kadiyi diunzulula buludiludi mu tshibombi tshia plastique tshitekete tshia mu tshikuku, tshidi mua kukukosa anyi kukukosa bena mudimu).
2. Kubangila ku luseke lua pambelu lua nzubu ne kuenza mudimu munda too ne munkatshi mua tshitupa tshia dikisha, wangate bitupa bionso bia dikalashi binene ne bia munkatshi ku diambuluisha dia pense ya mu tshikuku, tshitupa tshia karton tshikole, anyi tshiamu tshia kuela nabi lupuishi (ki minu yebe kayiyi ne tshintu to, nansha munda mua bianza bia latex) ne ubiteke buludiludi mu kazubu ka karton.
3. Umbusha bilamba bia mu tshikuku, bilamba bia lubilu, anyi bilamba bia kuowa nabi malonga bivua panshi pa mutu pa tshibombi tshinene tshia bukoya tshia muena mudimu pambelu, anyi ubisukule/ubiela panshi bikalabi bibueja ne tusuyi tua makala (manya ne: kuena ne bua kuela matapi adi ne makala mu mashinyi a kusukula nawu bilamba a mu dîku dienu to, bualu bitupa bia makala bidi bishala bikuate munda mua tshiamu tshia kuowa natshi bilamba tshia dîku diebe ne kubueja mu makala ebe bilamba bia munda ne bilamba mu tshipungu tshidi tshilonda).

Tshitupa 2: Dikomba dia miosa mikole kumbukila ku matumba ne ku biamu bia mudimu too ne munda¶

1. Wenza mudimu ne tshisuku tshia miosa mikole ne tshilongo tshia lupuishi bua kukomba ku mpenga kua nzubu, muinshi mua bipese bia ku makasa bia bitanda bionso bia kuinshi, ne kuinshi kua muelelu wa kumpala wa tshikuku, wa tshiamu tshia kusukula natshi bintu ne wa frigo too ne munkatshi mua panshi.
2. Komba ne bipese bikese, bilombola pamutu pa kukomba ne lubilu lukole (ludi luela tupese tukese tua makala mu nzubu).
3. Panyima pa wewe mumane kukomba panshi mu tshibombi tshia lupuishi, wangate tshisuku pambelu ne utute ne usukule miosa bimpe ne tshiamu tshia mu budimi pa mabue anyi pa buloba bua bipese bia makala bidi bikuate pankatshi pa miosa ya tshisuku kabikuluki kabidi panshi mu tshikuku tshiebe musangu udi ulonda paudi ukomba.

Tshitupa 3: Tshikebelu tshia "Flashlight Grazing Test" (Tshisokomenu tshia kupeta makala adi kaayi amueneka)¶

Miendu ya ku plafond ya mu tshikuku idi yenza bua bipese bia makala bidi bimueneka patoke pa mabue adi akenka, pa linoleum anyi pa mabaya makole bikale bikole bua kubimona padi muntu muimane.

1. Jima **minda ya mu tshikuku ne kanga madidishi pikalaku mushindu.
2. Teka muendu wa LED udi ukenka (anyi muendu wa telefone webe wa bianza) mutoke panshi bua muendu wende upita panshi mu tshitupa tshia zero-degree.
3. Tshitupa tshionso tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku tshidi tshishala, nansha tshiotshi tshikese anyi tshimueneka patoke, netshikuate butoke budi buenda bu tshiamu tshia prisme ne tshiele mundidimbi mule, mutoke ne ukenkesha panshi. Komba mutshi mu tshijengu tshia 360-degree kumbukila miaba ya bungi panshi ne pa bitanda bionso bua kupeta tshitupa tshionso tshisokome.

Tshitupa 4: Diangatshila dia bipese bikese ku diambuluisha dia mabeji maume, tshiamu tshia kuela natshi bintu, anyi mampa matekete¶

1. Funda mabeji 3 anyi 4 a mapepa mu tshilamba tshinene, uateke muinshi mua tshina tshia mâyi ne uapatule too ne padiwu anyanguka, ne ufina (kukoki ku luseke ne ku luseke) panshi ne pa mutu pa mesa, wela tshilamba tshionso tshitoke mu kazubu kebe ka karton kunyima kua dikuma misangu mikese.
2. Lungila tshilamba tshia kuela nabi bintu anyi tshilamba tshia kujika natshi bintu tshidi tshilamakaja ku luseke lua pambelu pa tshiamu tshia lint tshidi tshienda tshinyunguluka anyi pa tshiamu tshia karton, anyi kuela tshitupa tshia diampa dia sandwich ditoke dipiadipia, ditekete anyi tshiamu tshia nkunde tshikosa pa miaba idi lupuishi lukese lua dikalashi lusombele; tshintu tshidi tshienza bu tshiponji tshia mampa matekete anyi munyinyi wa bimuma bia blé bidi kabiyi bikuate bidi bikuata nshinga ya dikalashi mikese bimpe kuyi ukutapa minu.
3. Anu paudi ujikija bionso binayi ke udi ne bua kuenza mudimu ne tshiamu tshia aspirateur tshia mu tshibombi tshikole (tshiamu tshia mâyi/tshiume) bua kusukula miaba idi panshi, milongo ya grout, anyi njila ya tshibuta tshia fulu tshidi tshienda tshisesuka, kupatula ne kusukula tshibombi tshia shop-vac ne hose diakamue pashishe.

Njila wa pa buawu: mushindu kayi wa kumbusha makala matshibuka mu tshina tshia bukoya¶

Padi dikopo dia kunua anyi dikopo dia tshiamu tshipatuka mu bianza biume padibu bowa malonga ne dinyanguka munda mua tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia nshinga tshia mu tshina tshia bukoya (tshiamu tshia bukoya), kufiki nansha kakese ku minu yebe mu tshina tshia mâyi to.

• 1. Umbusha tshingoma tshia nzembu tshidi muinshi mua tshina tshia mâyi (anyi ujime tshiamu tshia nzembu): Nansha mudi tshiamu tshia ku tshimanu tshijima, kupatula tshiamu tshidi muinshi mua tshina tshia mâyi kudi kuenza bua muntu nansha umue kayi mua kukudimuna tshiamu tshia nzembu ku mpukapuka paudi wenza mudimu ku tshina tshia mâyi.
• 2. Patula tshintu tshia kukuba natshi mâyi tshidi mua kumbushibua (bikalaku): Pa bintu bia bungi bia matuku etu aa, tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshifiike tshidi tshikoka buludiludi ne tshipatuka mu tshilamba tshia tshina tshia mâyi, tshikupetesha tshimuenekelu tshinene ne tshimpe tshia nzubu wa dipepula bintu ku diambuluisha dia toshete.
• 3. Patula bitupa binene ne bipese bia nshinga bile anyi ne pense ya mu tshikuku: Enza mudimu ne pinse mile ya tshiamu anyi pense bua kupatula bitupa bionso bia makala bidi bimueneka.
• 4. Umbusha bitupa bia munkatshi ne bikese ne tshiamu tshia aspirateur tshia mu nzubu wa mâyi/tshiume: Ela tshintu tshia plastike tshikole tshia tshiamu tshia aspirateur tshia mu tshisalu tshia mâyi/tshiume panshi mu nzubu wa dibutula bua kukoka mabue makese a dikala adi pabuipi ne tshiamu tshia pambelu tshia tshiamu tshia dikosolola natshi bintu.
• 5. Wenza mudimu ne "Mushindu wa bimuma bia blé" bua bipese bia bimuma bia blé bidi bikuata: Kosa bimuma bia blé binene mu bitupa bibidi ne ufina tshitupa tshia mubidi tshidi tshibalakane, tshikosa bikole panshi pa dilongo dia kuinshi dia flywheel munda mua tshintu tshidi katshiyi tshibueja; tusoso tukese tua dikopo tudi tushala tudi tubuela mu munyinyi wa bimuma bia blé ne tuela panshi.
• 6. Teta dishintuluka dia tshiamu tshia nzembu ku bianza ne tshiamu tshia hex kumpala kua kupingaja bukole: Ela tshiamu tshia 6-millimeter (¼-inch) tshia Allen hex wrench mu tshiamu tshia 6-millimetre (¼-inch) tshia Allen tshia diunzulula tshidi kuinshi menemene kua nzubu wa motere wa dibutula bintu muinshi mua tshina tshia mâyi (anyi wenze mudimu ne tshiamu tshia kukomba natshi tshia mabaya ku tshiamu tshia kuulu) ne unyungulula tshiamu tshia nzembu tshijima 360 degre mu nseke yonso ibidi. Shi udi unyunguluka bimpa kakuyi mutoyi wa tshiamu tshia mitaku tshidi tshikosa pa makala, pingaja tshiamu tshia kukuba natshi mâyi, pingaja tshiamu etshi mu tshiamu, wela mâyi mashika a bungi, ne enza bua tshiamu tshia dibutula natshi bintu tshikale tshibuikila tshibuelelu.

Nkonko itubu bela misangu ya bungi¶

Miaba mifumina¶

• U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC, United States): Madimuija a bukubi ne dikonkonona dia malu a dienza dia bintu bia kuenza nabi mampa bia mu makala, ngikadilu ya makala a Soda-Lime ne a Borosilicate, ne njiwu ya tshiamu tshia kulamba natshi tshia makala.
• Tshibambalu tshia madimi tshia mu États-Unis tshia mudimu wa bukubi ne dikonkonona dia biakudia (USDA FSIS, États-Unis): Mikenji ya bukubi bua biakudia pa bidi bitangila dinyanguka dia bintu ne dibutula dia biakudia bidi mu dikala ditshibuka.
• Tshibambalu tshia malu a biakudia (FSA, Royaume-Uni): Malu a biakudia ne dinyanguka dia mubidi: Mikenji ya ditshibula dia makopo mu nzubu ne mu nzubu ya kudiila.
• Tshisumbu tshia bena Amerike tshia nzubu ya diluisha buanga / Tshibambalu tshia malu a buanga tshia mu Amerike (AAPCC, États-Unis): Mikenji ya disungula dia malu a luondapu bua didia dia tu-bipese tukese tua makala mu mpukapuka kudi bana ne bantu bakole.
• Tshisumbu tshia bena Amerike wa ku Nord tshia malu a tshifu, a tshiadi ne a bidia bia bana (NASPGHAN, États-Unis / Canada): Luapolo lua luondapu lua mushindu wa kulama bintu bia pambelu bidibu badia kudi bana (bintu bia nsongo, bukole bua dikala, ne malu adibu ne bua kuenza bua kuenza mudimu ne tshiamu tshia endoscope).
• Tshilongelu tshia bena Amerike tshia malu a mêsu (AAO, États-Unis): Diambuluisha dia kumpala dia lukasa bua bintu bia pambelu bia mu mêsu ne mputa ya mêsu a makala.

Malu adi apetangana¶

• Kukosa ne kutapa
• Mputa ya ku mêsu
• Muana mmumina tshintu tshia ku babende
• Dididishi ditshibuka