Dikuluka dia mitshi, disama dia mu mpata, ne dipatuka dia bantu ku bule¶

Mu Amerike wa ku Nord ne ku Mputu, dikuluka dia mitshi mitumbuke ke bualu bumuepele budi bufikisha bantu ku dibuela mu lupitadi ne ku lufu bua diloba, kupita kule ne kule dibutuka dia bingoma ne dia mikete bionso pamue. Kukuluka 4.5 too ne ku 7.5 metre (15 too ne ku 25 feet) ku tshibandilu, ku tshibandilu tshia kubandila, anyi ku tshibandilu kudi kufikisha ku njiwu mikole ya dipueka dia mukolo, ku tshiadi tshia mu tshiadi, ku tshiadi, ne ku tshiadi, padiye ulenga kayi unyema mu tshilamba tshia bukubi tshia mubidi mujima tshidi katshiyi ne tshintu tshia kukandamena natshi ** disama dia tshiadi** mu minite mikese menemene ya 15 too ne ku 30.

Kabidi, padi tshingoma tshipatuka mu mpukapuka anyi dikuma dia muele wa mvita wa nsongo wa nsongo dienzeka mutantshi wa kilometre ne njila wa mabue udi pabuipi, kupanduka kudi anu ku diambuluisha dia lukasa anyi diambuluisha dia mulunda mu minite 3 too ne ku 10 ya kumpala**. Mukanda ewu udi uleja mishindu mijalame ya kusungila bantu badi ne njiwu ya dikuba dia tshiamu tshia mashinyi, MARCH tactical backcountry trauma algorithm (tourniquets, junctional wound packing, vented chest seals, and broadhead arrow stabilization), GPS coordinate extraction, ne helicopter landing zone preparation (LZ).

Enza nunku mpindieu¶

1. Ikala mujadike ne udi ne bukubi ne upuekeshe bingoma bionso anyi bingoma bia mvita kumpala: Kumpala kua kulenga muena mvita udi mutapike anyi kupueka bua kuambuluisha, enza mudimu ne bukubi, leja mushiku muaba udi kauyi ne njiwu, umbusha tshibuta ne tshibuta tshia bingoma bionso anyi umbusha muele wonso wa mvita udi muaba udibu benzela bualu ebu ne tubulula mitu yonso 3 ne lukasa ** bule bua metre (10 feet)** nunku mubedi udi ne buôwa anyi udi ne tshiji tshikole katshiena mua kupatuka musangu muibidi to.
2. Bikalabi ne: udi muele mu tshilamba tshia ku mutshi, enza mudimu ne tshilamba tshiebe tshia kuela nabi bintu diakamue: Koka tshilamba tshia kuela nabi bintu (tshilamba tshia ku makasa) mu tshibombi tshia tshilamba tshiebe, tshikuate anyi tshikuate ku bule bua dikasa, ubuele mu tshilamba atshi, ne **imane anyi upuekeshe misunya ya tshiadi ne ya tshiadi mu sekonde yonso 50 bua kupingaja mashi mu mutshima webe udi mua kubanda kabidi pa tshibandilu, kudikosa pa tshibandilu, anyi kuela mpungi webe wa dipandisha ne kulomba diambuluisha.
3. Imanyika dipatuka dia mashi a bungi mu mashi mu masekonde 60 (M mu ngondo muisatu):
4. Mputa wa ku tshianza anyi wa ku mutu (tshianza, tshiadi, diboko): Ela CoTCCC windlass tourniquet (CAT anyi SOFTT-W) 5 to 8 centimètres (2 to 3 inches) pa mutu pa mputa (anyi "muulu ne mushindame" pa mutu pa mputa bikala muaba wa mputa musokome), too ne padi mputa yonso mikunzubile wimana, ne funda dîba pa tshilamba; mona mashi a bungi ne tourniquets.
5. Mputa wa mu nshingu, wa mu nshingu, anyi wa mu tshiadi: Diakamue ukanga tshilonda tshikole ne tshiamu tshia z-fold hemostatic gauze (anyi tshilamba tshia butoke tshikezuke) tshiela buludiludi panshi pa mushipa udi upatuka mashi ne minu yebe, pashishe ikala ne tshianza tshikole tshikole munkatshi mua minite 3 too ne ku 10.
6. Ikala ne mikete anyi matamba adibu bashipe pa muaba wabu: Kumbushi muele wa mvita, tshiamu tshia mitaku anyi ditamba dia mutshi nansha kakese. Shi muele wa mvita udi upatuka mu tshiadi, ku diboko, anyi mu tshiadi mulampe bikole bua kupatuka bimpe kakuyi dikuata dia tshiamu tshia mitaku ne kuela tshiamu tshia nsongo munda mua mubidi, ikala ne nsongo ne bianza bibidi ne wenze mudimu ne biamu bia kukosa nabi nshinga anyi tshiamu tshia mudimu tshia bungi bua kufupisha tshiamu tshia carbone/aluminium 10 too ne ku 15 santimetre (to ne ku 64 santimetre) pambelu pa santimetre kikoba kuyi unyunguluka mutu mualabale, pashishe ela bipese bia foam bia bungi anyi mashosette mavunguluke ku tshishimikidi. Tangila dikuma ne dijadika dia bintu bia ku babende.
7. Kanka mputa ya mu tshiadi diakamue (A ne R mu ngondo muisatu): Shi dikuma dia bingoma, muele wa mvita, anyi tshiadi tshitshibuke tshia ku mutshi tshienza mputa ya mu tshiadi (anyi yonso ibidi mputa wa kubuela ne wa kupatuka ku mubidi), kupula mashi ne wela tshikanga tshia tshiadi tshidi ne luya (anyi tshilamba tshia plastique tshia 3) pa mutu pa tshibuelelu ne tshia pambelu** mputa** pa dipuekesha dia luya bua kuepuka disama dia pneumothorax dia lufu. Tangila tension pneumothorax ne diambuluisha dia kumpala dia mputa wa mu tshiadi.
8. Lama mukolo, kuepuka luya lukole, ne kutuma GPS mujalame: Lama mulobi yonso udi mukuluke ku mutshi muimane pa tshilamba tshia foam tshidi tshibuikila mu bilamba biume ne tshilamba tshia mylar. Bikila nimero ya njiwu ya muaba unudi (911 mu États-Unis ne Canada, 112 mu Union européenne mujima, 999 mu Royaume-Uni; mona bionso nomba ya tshimpitshimpi) anyi enza mudimu ne tshiamu tshieba tshia SOS, ne ubale decimal-degree GPS coordinates mu telefone webe wa busole/mapping app (OnX Hunt, Garmin, Apple/Google Maps) bua kutuma.

Master Hunting & Backcountry Trauma Decision Tree¶

flowchart TD
    Incident["Tshilumbu tshia tshimpitshimpi tshia diloba dia mu mpata"] --> Type{"Umanye mushindu wa kumpala wa disama"}

    Type -->|"1. Dikuluka dia mutshi: dilengeja mu tshilamba"| Susp["SUSPENSION TRAUMA SELF-RESCUE PROTOCOL<br/>1. Ela tshingoma / Ela SOS / Bikila 911 diakamue<br/>2. Umbusha tshilamba tshia kukanga natshi ne ubuele mu tshilamba tshia ku makasa<br/>3. Ela maulu mu mushindu udi kauyi umvuangana ne mutshi kunyima kua 10 sec<br/>4. Pingana pa tshibandilu anyi pa tshibandilu anyi wenze mudimu ne dipueka dilombola"]

    Type -->|"2. Dipona dia mutshi: Dikuma panshi"| FallGround["HIGH-ENERGY BLUNT TRAUMA & SPINAL PROTOCOL<br/>Assume unstable cervical/lumbar spine & pelvic fracture<br/>Lama mubedi strictly flat on insulated pad<br/>Vungila jacket tightly around the greater trochanters (hips)<br>heck/br>heck bua kuondopa mashi a munda mua mutu, & axe mputa"]

    Type -->|"3. Mputa wa bingoma wa mpukapuka (GSW)"| GSW["MARCH PENETRATING TRAUMA PROTOCOL<br/>1. Umbusha bingoma bionso pa muaba wa bualu diakamue<br/>2. M : Windlass Tourniquet pa mikolo; Pack mputa ya mu nshingu/mu nshingu<br/>3. A/R: Tangila ku mpala ne ku nyima bua kumona mputa ya kubuela anyi ya kupatuka;<br/>teka tshibuikidiji tshia tshiadi tshidi ne luya ku mabulu onso a mubidi adi pankatshi pa nshingu ne tshiadi<br/>4. C/H: Kuondopa tshipupu ne kutshibuikila mu tshiibi tshia hypothermie"]

    Type -->|"4. Broadhead Arrow / Crossbow Bolt Impalement"| Arrow["BROADHEAD IMPALEMENT PROTOCOL<br/>KUKOKA muele wa mvita kunyima anyi kuwupuekesha<br/>Leja mputa pa kukosa bilamba pabuipi ne mutshi<br/>Ela tshienzedi tshikole tshia buludiludi ku luseke lua tshishimikidi tshia mutshi<br/>Ibaka tshintu tshinene tshia donut/tshiamu tshia mitshi tshidi tshinyunguluka mutshi ne tshilamba tshia lukasa"]

    Susp --> Evac["KUFUKA KU KULE NE KULONGOLOLA LZ WA HELICOPTER<br/>Transmit Decimal-Degree GPS (e.g., 44.12345, -110.12345)<br/>Tshila njila idi ishintuluka ne bilamba bia mubidi wa orange/tshilamba<br>parere 30 m x 30 100 ft) Muaba wa dipueka dia helikoptere"]
    FallGround --> Evac
    GSW --> Evac
    Arrow --> Evac

Tshilejelu tshia difuanyikija dia mishindu: Dikuluka dia mutshi vs. Ballistic vs. Broadhead Trauma¶

Kupanduka ku dikuluka dia mutshi: Dinyanguka dia tshiamu tshia mitaku ne dikuma dia panshi¶

1. Mushindu udi mubidi wa muntu udi ne disama dia Harness Suspension Trauma (Dibenga kuitaba dia Orthostatic)¶

Mikenji ya lelu ya diloba idi ilomba bua kuvuala Full-Body Fall Arrest System (FAS / TMA-certified harness) musuikila ku mutshi kubangila ku dîba didi makasa ebe apatuka panshi ku diambuluisha dia mukaba wa muena mudimu anyi tshilamba tshia bukubi. Kadi, kukuata dikuluka diebe mu tshingoma ntshitupa tshia mvita: - Bua tshinyi "Venous Muscle Pump" udi upangila mu lupepele: Pa tshibidilu, paudi wimana panshi, dikokangana dia mishipa ya tshiadi ne ya tshiadi didi difina mijilu mile ne dituma mashi adi kaayi ne oxygène muulu kupitshila ku valve ya njila umue bua kupingana ku atrium webe wa ku dia balume. Paudi ulenga mu lupepele kunyima kua mutshi mumane kukuluka, bukole budi bukoka mashi panshi mu mikolo yebe eku tshilamba tshikole tshia mionji ya ku makasa tshidi tshifina mijilu ya mu tshiadi mu tshiadi tshiebe tshipangisha mijilu bua kupingana mu mutshima. - Dibala dia minite 15: Mu minite 5 too ne ku 15 ya kuikala kayi unyema, too ne ku 60 pa lukama ya bungi bua mashi ebe adi endakana idi mikuate mu bitupa biebe bia kuinshi. Dipatuka dia muoyo didi dipueka, mashi adi apueka, ne buongo budi buenza mudimu wa tshimpitshimpi wa vasovagal reflex (the Bezold-Jarisch reflex) udi utekesha dikuma dia mutshima, ne udi wenza bua muntu ajimije lungenyi mu tshimpitshimpi. Padiye kayi mumanye tshidiye wenza mu tshilamba tshiimane, mutu wa mulobi udi upona kumpala (unyanga njila wa luya) ne disama dia mutshima dia hypoxic didi dilonda mu minite 15 too ne ku 30.

2. Kudisungila ku kakese ku kakese paudi muele mu mutshi¶

Mulobi yense udi ne tshia kuikala ne bintu bisatu mu tshibombi tshia pambelu anyi mu tshibombi tshia ku luseke tshidi tshishala tshikumbane paditshi tshilengeja (kuyi mua kuikala munda mua tshibombi tshia pantalon tshidi ne zip tshidi tshikuate muinshi mua tshilamba tshia ku makasa tshikole): Suspension Relief Strap **muele wa bukole udi mua kukoka anyi tshiamu tshia kukosa natshi ** ne Stel / OS satelphone mitoke beacon. 1. Brace and Pump Immediately: Diakamue padi dikuluka diebe dijika, ela bisabata biebe ku mutshi ne ela misunyi ya ku makasa ebe bimpe bua mashi kaayi mua kusangisha to. 2. Ela tshilamba tshia dikuba natshi tshia ku tshianza: Koka tshilamba tshia dikuba natshi tshidi tshinyunguluka ku tshilamba tshiebe, utshilamakaja ku tshilamba tshia ku tshianza tshidi mu tshitupa tshia mu nshingu, ushintulule tshilamba tshia ku makasa bua tshikale tshilengeja kakese pa mutu pa bikono biebe, ela bisabata bionso bibidi mu tshilamba tshia ku tshianza, ne imana bululame mu tshilamba tshia ku tshianza. Kuimana mu tshilamba tshia ku makasa kudi kumbusha bujitu bua mubidi webe ku mikaba ya mu nshingu pa makasa ebe, kupingaja 100 pa lukama ya mashi adi apita mu mishipa ya mu tshiadi, ne kuenza mudimu ne misunyi ya ku makasa ebe, kukupetesha mêba a tshikondo tshia kuikala ne muoyo. 3. Improvised Relief Loop (If You Lost Your Relief Strap): Wewe kuyi ne tshilamba tshia diambuluisha, wangate mukanda webe wa kubandila, tshilamba tshia kukoka natshi nyama wa ntambue, anyi tshilamba tshia binocular harness anyi utshisuike ku mutshi anyi mu tshilamba tshiebe tshia ku makasa ku bule bua dikasa, ne ela dikasa dimue mu tshilamba bua kumbusha tshilamba tshiebe. 4. Kupingana pa tshibandilu anyi kupuekela: Paudi wimana mu tshibandilu, kuambula mutshi bua kumbusha bujitu bua tshilamba tshiebe tshia panyima, ela tshilamba tshia mutshi panshi 30 centimètres (12 inches) musangu umue bua kufika ku mutshi wa kubandila anyi ku tshibandilu, anyi upingana pa tshibandilu. 5. Dilongolola dia panyima pa dipandisha kunyima kua diimanyika dia matuku a bungi: Dîba dimue didi mulobi uvua muele mu tshingoma munkatshi mua minite mipite pa 15 mupueka panshi: - Bikalabu kabayi bamanye anyi mu disama dia mutshima: Balale panshi (supine) diakamue, kangula njila wa luya, ne utuadije CPR. - Shi udi mumanye ne udi mudimuke: Modern Wilderness Medical Society (WMS) ne mikenji ya dipandisha dia mudimu idi ifila lungenyi lua kushintulula mubedi udi mumanye bimpe, kutangila bimpe njila wende wa luya ne bimanyinu bia mushinga, kusunguluja mikaba yonso ya tshilamba diakamue, ne kumulama ne luya padiye uya mu nzubu wa tshimpitshimpi bu mudi tshikebelu tshia tshiamu tshia nzembu rhabdomyolysis ne hyperkalemia (bintu bidi bishipa mifuba ne potassium bidi bipatuka mu mikolo idi kayiyi ne mashi).

Algorithme wa Backcountry MARCH bua bingoma ne disama dia mutu¶

Padi tshingoma tshia bukole bua bungi tshia kuloba, tshingoma tshia mvita, tshiamu tshia kuela natshi mukana, anyi buta bua mvita/tshiamu tshia nsongo tshitapa mulobi mu mitshi ya kule, londa ndondo wa MARCH (Massive hemorrhage, Airway, Respiration, Circulation, Hheadpother):

1. M, Dipatuka dia mashi a bungi (Sekonde 60 ya kumpala)¶

• Diteka dia Tourniquet bua mputa ya ku makasa: Kujimiji sekonde ya mushinga mukole bua kukosa bipese bisatu bia bilamba bia kuloba nabi bua kumona mushipa wa tshiadi udi upatuka pikala mashi apueka ku dikasa dia pantalo. Teka CoTCCC windlass tourniquet (CAT anyi SOFTT-W) "muulu ne mushindame" ku mutu menemene kua tshiadi anyi ku diboko dia kuulu pa bilamba bimpe (udimuene ne: kakuena telefone wa ku bianza, muele anyi kazubu ka mvita mu tshibombi tshidi muinshi mua tshilamba), koka tshilamba tshidi tshilamakaja bikole menemene, ne ukose mionji mitoke dipatuka dia mashi didi dijika tshishiki. Padi tshikena kumona tshijika, uleje mputa ne, pikalabi bikengela, teka tshiamu tshibidi buludiludi pa dikoba 5 too ne ku 8 santimetre (2 too ne ku 3 inches) pa mutu pa mputa kumpala kua kulekela tshilamba tshikole ne tshikole.
• Tourniquet wa kuloba wa mu mpata: Wewe kuyi ne tourniquet wa mushinga, enza mudimu ne 5-centimetre (2-inch) wa tshilamba tshia mvita, tshilamba tshia binocular, anyi tshilamba tshia tshilamba tshia orange tshikuate tshibuikila pa mutu pa mputa ne tshikosa bikole ne tshiamu tshia tshiamu, tshitupa tshia kusukula natshi, anyi mutshi wa tshikokedi windlass. Kuena ne bua kuenza mudimu ne paracord mutekete anyi tshilamba tshia ku makasa nkayatshi kuyi ne tshilamba tshinene muinshi to, bualu tshilamba tshitekete tshidi tshikosa dikoba katshiyi tshikanga mushipa wa mu tshiadi.
• Dilongolola dia mputa ya mu tshiadi, mu tshiadi, mu tshiadi, anyi mu nshingu: Bikala masashi anyi mutu mualabale mutshibule mushipa wa mu nshingu (disangisha dia tshiadi), mu tshiadi anyi kuinshi kua nshingu, ela munu webe mu gaze wa hemostatique (QuikClot Combat Gauze anyi Celox) anyi tshilamba tshia tshilamba tshisukula ne utshisuike bimpe inch-ku-inch buludiludi pa mushipa udi upatuka mashi kuinshi kua tshilonda** too ne padiwu ujika kakese pa mutu pa dikoba, pashishe uteke panshi ne bianza bionso bibidi munkatshi mua minite 3 too ne ku 5** (tshia kupangisha mashi bua kupatuka) anyi minite 10 (tshia tshianana).

2. Mukenji wa pa buawu: Muele wa mvita wa mutu mualabale ne tshiamu tshia mvita tshia crossbow¶

Mikete ya lelu ya kuloba ne miele ya mvita idi ne nsongo ya mifuba mishindame anyi ya tshiamu (idi mua kuvula) mienza bua kuvudija mashi ku diambuluisha dia miele 2, 3 anyi 4 ya dipanda idi ne bule bua 2,5 too ne ku 6 santimetre (1 too ne ku 2,5 inches) mu diamètre wa dikosa: 1. Bua tshinyi kukoka mutu mualabale kudi kushipa: Munda mua mubidi, muele wa mvita wa karbone ne miele idi ifina ku bimanu bia mijilu ne mijilu (tamponade wa munda). Kabidi, mitu minene ya tshiamu idi ne miele ya nsongo idi mitangile kunyima idi ibuluka bu tshilamba padibu bayikoka panyima ne mitu minene idi ne miele mishindame idi inyunguluka padi mukolo wa muele wa mvita unyunguluka. Kukoka muele wa mvita muitu kudi kukosa mijilu, mionji, ne mijilu minene idi pabuipi. 2. Mushindu wa kujadika muele wa mvita mu budimi: - Kosa bilamba ne bilamba kunyunguluka ku tshiadi tshia muele wa mvita ne tshiamu tshia kukosa natshi mikete anyi ne muele bua bilamba kabikoki ku tshiadi. - Shi mashi adi apueka pabuipi ne muaba udi muele wa mvita ubuela, fina bipese bia tshiamu tshia mitaku bikole pa dikoba ku luseke lua ku nshindamenu wa tshiamu tshia mikete kuyi unyunguluka anyi unyungisha muele wa mvita. - Enza nzubu wa mitshi anyi tshintu tshia kuela natshi mampa tshinyunguluke muele wa mvita too ne ku bule bua santimetre 8 too ne ku 10 (3 too ne ku 4 inches) ku diambuluisha dia masosete mavunguluke, bifulu bia miosa ya nyama, bipese bia tshilamba tshia foam, anyi bipese bia gaze binene, ne ulamakaja tshilamba etshi bimpe ku mubidi bua muele kauyi mua kunyunguluka padibu bambula bintu bia bukoya. 3. Dîba kayi ne mushindu kayi wa kufupisha muele wa mvita: Shi muele wa mvita wa 75-centimetre (30-inch) upatuka mu tshiadi anyi mu tshiadi tshia muena mvita mu tshisuku tshinene, ditamba dionso dia mutshi nedikale dikuma ku ndekelu kua mapuapua ne dilengeje mutu wa tshiamu tshia mikete munda mua bitupa bia mubidi wa mubedi. - Lomba muena mudimu nebe bua kukuata tshingoma tshia muele mu mushindu wa tshiamu tshia mitaku pabuipi ne muaba udi dikoba dibuela ne bianza bionso bibidi (anyi utshikuate bikole ne tshiamu tshia kukanga natshi) bua kuangata 100 pa lukama lua dikankamika. - Wenza mudimu ne biamu bia kukosa nabi nshinga bidi ne mudimu mukole, tshiamu tshia kukosa natshi nshinga tshidi tshinyunguluka, anyi tshiamu tshia kukosa natshi bintu bia bungi bua kukosa tshiamu tshia karbone anyi tshia aluminium tshidi ne munda mutupu 10 to 15 centimètres (4 to 6 inches) pa mutu pa dikoba. Lamba tshitupa tshia tshilamba tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku pa mutu pa tshitupa tshia tshiamu tshia karbone tshidi tshikosa bua bipese bia tshiamu tshia karbone kabienzedi basungidi to.

3. A & R, njila wa luya ne dipuyakana (mukenji wa mputa wa kubuela ne kupatuka)¶

Masashi a bingoma bia lubilu lua bungi (.270, .308, .30-06, 6.5 Creedmoor) adi apitshila mu mubidi wa muntu misangu yonso, enza mputa wa kubuela mukese, muimpe kumpala ne mputa wa kupatuka munene, munyanguke kunyima anyi ku luseke. - Tangila "Kazubu" (Ku nshingu too ne ku tshifu, kumpala, ku nseke, ne kunyima): Ela bianza biebe bidi ne bianza munda mua tshilamba tshia muena mvita ku luseke luonso lua kumpala, ku maboko ne kunyima. - Ela tshilamba tshia ku tshiadi tshidi ne luya: Mputa yonso udi ubuela pankatshi pa mifuba ya tshiadi ne tshiadi (kumpala anyi panyima) udi mua kunyangakaja tshiadi (pneumothorax). Kupula mashi ne tuishi pa dikoba ne wela tshiamu tshia tshiadi tshia mushinga mukole pa mputa wa kubuela NE tshitampi tshibidi tshia tshiadi pa mputa wa kupatuka ku ndekelu kua dipatuka dia mupuya. Shi udi wenza mudimu ne tshibombi tshia plastike tshia Ziploc anyi tshibombi tshia biakudia bia patupu, ela nseke isatu mishindame ne ulekela ditumba dia kuinshi kadiyi dikuata bua kapepe kadibu bakuate kapatuke mu tshiadi kakuyi kapingana munda. - Tangila bua Pneumothorax udi wenda ukola: Shi mubedi udi ne mputa wa mu tshiadi udi wenda ukepela mupuya, udi ne mishiku ya bule, udi ujimija dikuma dia ku tshianza, ne udi ne tunyinganyinga tua bungi anyi mishipa ya mu nshingu idi mitangalake, umbusha tshilonda tshia mu tshiadi pa kutshikosolola mu ditumba dimue bua sekonde 5 bua kubenga kupatula kapepe kakole ka mu tshiadi tshiende tshina tshia mu tshiadi, pashishe upingaje tshimanyishilu panshi.

4. C & H, Dienda dia mashi, Dilamakaja dia tshifu, ne Dikuba dia hypothermie¶

• Imanyika ntatu ya lufu: Mubedi udi upatuka mashi mu mpata wa mashika mu ngondo wa dikumi ne umua udi ujimija luya lua mubidi lukasa. Padi luya lua munda lupueka muinshi mua 35 degrés Celsius (95 degrés Fahrenheit) maplakete a mashi ne bintu bidi bienza bua mashi anyanguke bidi bilekela kuenza mudimu (hypothermic coagulopathy), bienza bua mputa ituadije kabidi kupatuka mashi kakuyi mushindu wa kukandamena.
• Tshibuikidiji tshia luya tshia lukasa: Nansha lupepele luikala lutekete, umbusha mulobi udi mutapike pa buloba bua mashika anyi pa neje diakamue pa kuela tshilamba tshia nkuasa tshia tshiamu tshia mashika, tshibombi tshia mu tshiadi, anyi bulalu bunene bua matamba a pine muinshi muabu. Bibuikila mu bilamba biume, tshilamba tshia pambelu tshia mubidi wa orange, bintu bia kuowa nabi bianza bia tshimpitshimpi bidibu bateka mu nshingu ne mu tshiadi (pa mutu pa tshilamba tshitekete, ki mbua dikoba dia patupu to), ne tshilamba tshia mylar tshidi katshiyi tshibuela mu lupepele.

Kulongolola mudimu wa dipatuka dia bantu kule ne miaba ya dipueka dia ndeke ya helikoptere (LZ)¶

Paudi ubikila ku telefone wa tshimpitshimpi (911 / 112 / 999) anyi utuma mesaje ku diambuluisha dia tshiamu tshia satellite SOS (Garmin inReach, Zoleo, SPOT, anyi iPhone/Android Satellite SOS) ufumina mu mitshi mikole:

1. Malu malelela a kutuma mu masekonde 30 a kumpala¶

1. Bimanyinu bia GPS mu degre anyi mu degre-minite-sekonde: Kangula programe webe wa dilongolola dia bintu (OnX Hunt, BaseMap, Gaia GPS, Garmin Explore, anyi Apple/Google Compass) ne bala latitude ne longitude menemene (tshilejilu, 45.67892, -111.04567), pamue ne dina dia njila wa mitshi udi pabuipi, tshiibi tshia njila, anyi tshina tshia mâyi tshia mu musulu.
2. Mushindu ne malu manene adibu benza: Amba patoke ne: "Mputa wa bingoma wa ku tshianza tshia balume ne tshiamu tshia windlass tshiteka pa dîba 07:40 wa dinda" anyi "dikuluka dia mutshi wa 6-metre (20-foot) ne disama dia mukolo." Ulomba patoke bua dituma dia helikoptere wa luondapu mu lupepele (papi) ne bukubi mu ditunga ** ne tshisumbu tshia basungidi (SAR) tshidi tshipuekesha minite 30 too ne ku 60 ya diandamuna dia mu misoko bualu bena mudimu ba ambulanse ba mu misoko kabena mua kuambula mulobi wa kilo 100 mutantshi wa kilometre 3 anu mu mitshi to.
3. Ela tshimanyinu pa njila yonso idi ipetangana ne Blaze Orange: Shi mulunda muibidi udiku, ela bilamba bia mvita bia blaze-orange, bande wa bamanyi, anyi glowsticks ku tshiibi tshinene tshia njila wa mitshi ne ku tshitupa tshionso tshia njila tshidi tshifikisha kudi mubedi bua bena tshimuangi ne baminganga badi mua kunyema buludiludi muaba udibu benzele bualu ebu kabayi bajimine to.

2. Mushindu kayi wa kulongolola muaba wa kupuekela ndeke wa tshimpitshimpi (LZ) muitu¶

Shi ndeke wa buanga anyi wa SAR udi uya mu mpata, mu budimi, anyi mu njila mualabale wa mitshi: - Minimum Clearing Dimensions: - LZ mu munya: Mutantshi mukese 25 ku 25 metre (75 ku 75 feet) ne bimpa 30 ku 30 metres (100 ku 100 feet) bua ndeke minene, kayiyi ne mitshi, mitshi mipite pa 45 centimètres (18 inches), ne mionji ya nzembu idi pa mutu. - LZ wa butuku: Mutantshi mukese 45 ku 45 metre (150 ku 150 feet). - Dibandila dia panshi: Muaba wa dikuma udi ne tshia kuikala mukole (ki mbutoba bua mu tshisuku anyi neje mikese ya mu dijiba to) ne dibandila dia muinshi mua 8 too ne ku 10 degre (dibandila dipite pa 10 degre didi dienza bua biamu binene bia rotor bikuate tshibandilu tshia mukuna udi mubandile). - Lama bintu bionso bidi kabiyi ne tshintu ku 130 km/h (80 mph) Rotor Wash: Kumpala kua ndeke wa helikoptere kusemena, umbusha anyi uteke bujitu bua bilamba bionso bia mylar, bilamba bia foam, bifulu, ne mifuku ya bintu bidi kabiyi ne tshintu. Tshilamba tshia mylar tshidi tshiunzulula mu tshiamu tshia ndeke tshia helikoptere netshikebeshe njiwu mikole. Lama tshilamba tshia mubedi tshia hypothermie tshikanga anyi tshilamakaja panshi ne kukuba mêsu a mubedi ku nshinga ya pine ne lupuishi. - Leja muaba udi lupepele luenda ne kuena ne bua kuenza mudimu ne bimanyinu bitoke butuku: Imana ne mukolo webe ku lupepele ku muelelu wa tshipepele tshidi tshienda tshibandila (anyi usuike tshilamba tshikenkesha tshia dibendele ku mutshi bu tshilamba tshia lupepele) bualu ndeke ya mvita itu misangu yonso ipueka ne ipueka mu lupepele. Butuku, enza mudimu ne biamu bia tshimpitshimpi bia mekala, bintu bia njiwu bia mashinyi bikunze/bikunze, anyi toshete mutangile panshi munkatshi mua tshibandabanda; kuena ne bua kutemesha muendu mutoke anyi muendu wa tshiloba mu nzubu wa ndeke udi mua kunyanga manyanu a muendeshi wa ndeke adi aleja butuku (NVGs).

Mulongo wa malu a bukubi a kumpala kua diloba bua mulobi yonso¶

• Vala tshilamba tshia TMA tshidi tshijadika bua kukukuba ku dikuluka mu diloba dionso: Ela mu tshilamba tshia bukubi tshidi tshiimana (ne tshingoma tshia Prusik) anyi mu tshilamba tshia kubanda tshia muena mudimu kuinshi kua mutshi kumpala kua kubanda pa tshibandilu tshia kumpala, nunku udi mulamakaja 100 pa lukama kumbukila panshi too ne panshi.
• Ujadike ne: tshilamba tshiebe tshia dikuba natshi tshidi tshilamakaja ne tshidi mua kutshipeta: Somba mu tshilamba tshiebe tshia 15 centimètres (6 inches) panshi pa mutshi wa panyima pa nzubu kumpala kua dituku dia kunzulula bua kudibidija mua kuela tshilamba tshia ku makasa ne kubuelamu ne bujitu bua mubidi mujima.
• Kubandi nansha kakese ne tshingoma tshiuwule tente anyi ne mitu minene idi kayiyi mibuikila: Misangu yonso upuekesha tshingoma tshiebe anyi muele wa mvita kuinshi kua mutshi, utshilamakaja ku mulongo wa dikoka (ne mushiku mutangile kuinshi kule nebe), ne utshikoke anu paudi mumane kusuika pa tshibandilu. Ikala ne mikete yonso ya mutu mualabale munda mua tshintu tshikole tshidi ne tshilamba tshidi tshibuikila mikete yonso.
• Ikala ne tshintu tshia diambuluisha natshi muntu nkayende (IFAK) pa mukaba webe anyi pa tshiadi tshiebe: Ikala ne tshintu tshia bushuwa tshia CoTCCC windlass tourniquet (CAT anyi SOFTT-W) z-fold hemostatic gauze, tshilamba tshia lukasa, tshibombi tshibidi tshia vented chest seals, tshilamba tshia ku tshiadi, tshilamba tshia ku dia bakaji, tshilamba tshia pa tshiadi tshiebe tshia ku dia bakaji kunyima munda mua mashinyi eba.
• Lekela tshimanyishilu tshia plan wa diloba mu tshiamu tshieba tshia dilongolola dia karte: Ela tshimanyishilu tshia muaba udi mutshi webe mu OnX Hunt anyi mu Google Maps ne utumine muena mu dîku diebe kumpala kua dîba dibuela pamue ne dîba diudi mutekemene bua kubuela.

Nkonko itubu bela misangu ya bungi¶

Miaba mifumina¶

• Komite wa dilama dia bantu badi bafua mu mvita (CoTCCC) ne tshilongelu tshia baminganga ba mu Amerike (Stop the Bleed, mu États-Unis): Mibelu ya dilama dia mu mpata bua Tourniquets ya mu bitupa bia mubidi, dilongolola dia mashi adi afumina mu bitupa bia mubidi, ne dikuba dia tshiadi tshidi ne luya.
• Wilderness Medical Society (WMS): Mibelu ya mudimu wa luondapu bua dilama dia disama dia tshiadi (Harness Hang Syndrome), Dipangisha dia mukolo, ne Dipatuka dia mashi mu mpata.
• Tshisumbu tshia bafumbi ba mitshi (TMA) ne tshisumbu tshia dilongesha dia balobi ba pa buloba bujima (IHEA-USA): Mikenji ya tshiamu tshia dikuba natshi mubidi mujima (FAS), mushindu wa kuenza mudimu ne njila wa muoyo, ne mikenji ya dikuba dia dikuluka.
• Tshisumbu tshia ditunga tshia dilongesha dia ba-bowhunter (NBEF): Broadhead Penetrating Trauma Prevention and Field Stabilization Guidelines.
• Tshisumbu tshia ditunga tshia dikeba ne disungila (NASAR) ne tshisumbu tshia matunga masanga tshia disungila dia mu mikuna (ICAR): Disungula dia muaba wa dipueka dia ndeke ya helikoptere (LZ) ne mikenji ya dituma dia GPS.

Malu adi apetangana¶

• Dipatuka dia mashi dikole ne tourniquets
• Impalement ne embedded foreign object stabilization
• Pneumothorax wa tension ne diambuluisha dia kumpala dia mputa wa mu tshiadi
• Disama dia mukolo ne dipanga dia nshingu
• Dikala dia mashika mu tshipela ne mashika
• Mukanda wa nomba ya tshimpitshimpi