Dikuluka dia Stadium Bleacher, Dikuata dia Rido wa Divider wa Gymnase, anyi Dinyanguka dia Kapia: Disungula dia bantu ba bungi ne Mulongeshi wa manaya EAP¶

Padi tshiamu tshia manaya tshia kale tshia kale anyi tshipalu tshia pambelu tshiuwule tente ne bantu tshinyanguka mu tshikondo tshia manaya anyi tshia dikankamija, padi rido wa tshipalu tshia manaya udibu benza nende mudimu ne nzembu anyi tshiamu tshia basketball tshidi tshienza mudimu ne mashinyi tshikuata mulongi anyi muena mudimu mu tshiamu tshia mitaku tshidi tshipueka anyi mu tshilamba tshia tshilamba, anyi padi bantu 15 too ne ku 40 badi mu tshisumbu tshia manaya badisangisha musangu umue budimi bua tshianana budi bufike ku 60 degre Celsius (140 degre Fahrenheit), bena mudimu ba mu tulasa badi ne lutatu lua lukasa lua lufu lua bantu ba bungi ne lua dipandisha dia mashinyi. Buôwa bua musumba wa bantu budi kabuyi bulongolola, dienda dia kumpala kua dîba dia bantu badi bapeta disama dia tshipupu tshia mashika, anyi diteta dia kupingaja tshiamu tshia 480-volt tshia mu tshipalu tshia manaya tshidi tshikanga kakuyi dikosa dia nzembu ne dikuatshisha dia bujitu bidi mua kukudimuna bualu budi mua kupanduka ku lufu lua bantu ba bungi. Bikila nimero ya njiwu ya muaba unudi (911 mu États-Unis ne Canada, 112 mu Union européenne mujima, 999 mu Royaume-Uni) ku diambuluisha dia nomba ya tshimpitshimpi diakamue, enza mudimu ne Athletic Trainer Emergency Action Plan (EAP), ne tangila balombodi betu ba bana betu pa tshipupu tshia mu kalasa tshia manaya, tshipupu tshia mudimu mukole, ne protocole wa cool-first transport-second, tshipupu tshia mashinyi a tulasa, ditapuluka dia luendu lua mu mpata, ne disangisha dia baledi, ne dikanga dia tulasa ne njiwu idi yenzeka.

Bua kupanduka mu tshipalu tshia manaya tshia mu kalasa, mu dikuata dia mashinyi a mu nzubu wa manaya, anyi mu njiwu ya lufu lua bantu ba bungi badi benda mu tshisumbu tshia manaya bidi bikengela kutumikila mikenji inayi miteka kudi National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA), U.S. Tshibambalu tshia bukubi bua bintu bia bantu badi basumba (CPSC), Tshipangu tshia mikenji ya buloba bujima (ICC 300), ne Korey Stringer Institute (KSI): kulombola bantu badi kabayi batapike ku luseke lua njila idi kayiyi minyanguke bua kuepuka dikuluka dibidi dia tshimpitshimpi eku kabayi banji kuenda muinshi mua biamu bia tshiseba bia tshiamu tshia nzembu bidi kabiyi ne muelelu, **kuela tshintu tshinene tshidi tshikosa nzembu kumpala kua kutshibula tshilamba anyi kujikija lutatu pa tshilamba tshia mu nzubu wa manaya tshidi ne mashinyi anyi pa tshilamba tshia panyima pa basketball, kuenza mudimu START / JumpSTART bimanyinu bia disungula dia bantu ba bungi badi bafue ku luseke lua tshina tshia mâyi tshia mashika tshia bungi (CWI) tshitudilu tshia tshilamba bua kutokesha bena mu tshisumbu tshia bantu bavua bakuluke muinshi mua 38,9 degre Celsius (102 degre Fahrenheit) kumpala kua ambulanse kuya, ne kuenza muaba uvuabu babapeshe EAP Midimu ya diunzulula dia tshiibi nunku biamu bia kapia bidi bifika kabiena bikanga kudi bise bia tshisumbu bidi bimana to.

Enza nunku mpindieu¶

1. Bua Telescopic Gym Bleacher anyi Outdoor Grandstand Collapse: Manyisha dipatuka dia ku luseke lua pa mutu pa tshiamu tshia PA, imanyika bantu badi pabuipi bua kuendakana muinshi mua nzubu udi kayi ne muelelu, ne utapulule muaba udibu mua kukuluka. Padi tshitupa tshia miaba ya kusomba tshipueka anyi tshienda tshibuela mu luseke bua dibuela dia bana ba mulongi (****) bipese bia kukanga nabi nzubu, bantu badi kabayi bapeta njiwu badi pa mutu ne ku luseke lua dikuluka nebaye kumpala mu tshibandilu tshinyanguke, nebafikishe ku dikuluka dia pancake didi dienda dikola kudi bantu badibu bakuate kuinshi. Lombola batangidi bonso badi bendakana ku luseke (ku luseke) pa miaba ya kusomba idi pabuipi anyi buludiludi panyima pa biibi bia kuulu, kandika mulongeshi, muledi, anyi mulongi bua kubuela munda mua tshiamu tshia tshiseba tshidi muinshi mua tshilamba tshia teleskope too ne padi Fire Department Heavy Rescue ufika ku muelelu kua tshiamu tshia mitaku, ne ** utuadija kudilaSTART / JumpSTART Triage** pa bantu badibu bashipe ku mpenga.
2. Bua rido wa ditapulula dia nzubu wa manaya udi ne motere anyi tshintu tshia kukanga natshi tshia panyima: Lekela tshintu tshidi ne ressort anyi tuaku pa tshintu tshia kuimana natshi mu tshimpitshimpi / tshia kutshibula diakamue, KUENJI mudimu ne motere mu tshimpitshimpi pikala nshingu anyi tshiadi tshia muana mukuatshike mu nkamba anyi mu bilamba, ne kukuatshisha mubidi wa muntu ne bujitu bua 300 sekonde. Bilamba bia kulongolola nabi nzubu bidi bienza mudimu ne nzembu bidi ne bujitu bua 225 too ne ku 900 kilo (500 too ne ku 2000 pounds) ne bidi ne bukole bua lufu padi mulongi ubanda pa rido udi ubanda anyi ubuela pankatshi pa tshimanu tshia kuinshi ne tshiamu tshia kuowa natshi anyi tshiamu tshia bleacher. Bakulumpe babidi babandishe ne bakuatshishe tshitupa tshia mubidi ne maulu a mulongi udi mukuatshike bua kumbusha ntatu yonso idi milengeja mu nshingu ne mu tshiadi, bakanga tshintu tshidi tshikuata ku tshimanu ne tshidi tshikosa nzembu, ne bikala muntu udibu bashipe mubuikila mu tshilamba tshia vinyl anyi mu rido wa mesh, enza mudimu ne **tshiamu tshia nsongo tshidi ne nsongo anyi ne tshilamba tshia kusungila natshi bantu bua kukangula tshilamba tshiabu tshia ku kapepe pamutu pa kuendesha tshiamu tshia ngoma kuyi umona.
3. Bua tshibilu tshia luya lua bungi lua tshisumbu tshia bantu badi benda pa buloba anyi pa asphalte: Umbusha bilamba bia mudimu bia bujitu bia miosa ya mikoko/polyester, bilamba bia ku bianza, shakos (nkanzu), ne bibbers (bilamba bia muulu) diakamue, ne usungule babedi mu Exertional Heatstroke (CNS dysfunction) vs. Heat Exhaustion. Marching band bibbers (pantalon yonso idi ibuikila tshiadi ne mukolo muinshi mua tshilamba tshinene tshia tunique) idi yenza tshintu tshidi tshipangisha luya bua kupatuka. Muntu yense wa mu tshisumbu tshia misambu udi upona ne dipanga dia lungenyi, ngikadilu mubi, mvita, ngakuilu mubi, tshimpumpu, anyi koma udi ne Exertional Heatstroke (EHS) too ne padibu baleja ne: ki mmuomu to: ubateke diakamue mu Dina dia mâyi mashika (CWI) tub (1.7°C to 15°C / 35°F to 59°F) anyi Taco-Method Ice-Water Tarp muenza ku luseke (Cool First, Transport Second), eku bena mu tshisumbu tshia misambu badi ne lungenyi, badi ne lungenyi luimpe ne ditshioka dia luya (normal mental status) badi bababueja mu tshiamu tshia mashika ne bilamba bia mashika ne bintu bia mukana bia electrolyte.
4. Bikala muntu wa mu tshisumbu tshia misambu udi mukuluke anyi muntu udibu bashipe ne Bleacher Mukuate muinshi mua bujitu bunene bua nzubu munkatshi mua minite mipite pa 60: Dimuija baminganga kumpala kua kubandisha mutshi anyi tshibumba tshia Bleacher (Crush Syndrome Mikenji). Shi maulu a mulongi anyi tshiadi tshikuate muinshi mua tshibandilu tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku anyi beton munkatshi mua dîba dipite pa 1, kubandisha bujitu bunene mu tshimpitshimpi kakuyi dienza dia mudimu ne mâyi a mu mishipa kumpala kua kuya mu lupitadi ne dienza dia sodium bicarbonate/calcium didi dilengeja potassium (K+), myoglobine, ne acide lactique bifumina ku mishipa mitshibuke buludiludi mu mutshima (reperfusion ventricular fibrillation). Lama muntu udibu bashipe mu ditalala, ukanda mashi adi apatuka pambelu ne tourniquets anyi dikuma dia buludiludi, ne windile baminganga ba ALS ne ba Fire Rescue bua kuanji kuondopa mubedi kumpala kua dibandisha dia mashi.
5. Kuenza mudimu ne plan wa tshimpitshimpi wa mulongeshi wa manaya (EAP) Midimu Diakamue: Tuma "Gate-Runner" musungula bua kukangula bimanu ne kusesuisha mashinyi a tshisumbu. Mu bikondo bia mafesto a tshisumbu tshia misambu, manaya a ndundu, ne bisangilu bia tshisumi, tshiibi tshia njila wa kapia ne tshia ambulanse tshitu misangu mivule tshikanga kudi mashinyi adi ne bintu bia mudimu, bise bia tshisumbu anyi nkanu mikanga. Mulongeshi wa manaya udi pa muaba (ATC) anyi mulombodi wa tshisumbu tshia misambu udi ne tshia kutuma diakamue muambuluishi udibu basungule ne tshifungu tshinene tshia tshiibi ku tshibambalu tshia malu a luondapu tshia lukasa lukasa (EMS) tshiibi bua kujikija mashinyi onso ne kuela mashinyi a kapia adi afika kumpala buludiludi muaba udibu bangata bantu badi bafue.
6. Kuteka muaba wa disangisha dia baledi pambelu pa tshipalu (Standard Reunification Method) Kule ne muaba wa dibueja dia mashinyi mu mashinyi a lupitadi. Padi bantu ba bungi bapueka anyi bantu ba bungi ba mu tshisumbu tshia misambu bapueka mu tshipalu, baledi nkama ne nkama badi ne buôwa nebalue lubilu mu tshipalu anyi mu tshipalu tshia manaya, bakanga baminganga, mu nzubu ya dibuela mu mâyi mashika, ne bena mu tshisumbu tshia panyima pa nzubu. Lombola baledi bonso ku diambuluisha dia tshiamu tshia adrese ya bantu bonso ku nzubu mukuabu (bu mudi nzubu wa kudiila wa mu kalasa anyi nzubu wa manaya) eku bena mudimu bafunda mulongi yonso udibu bapeshe luondapu anyi udibu baye nabu ku dîna ne ku nomba wa tshimanyinu tshia disungula.

Mutshi wa dipangadika: Dikuluka dia tshipalu tshia tulasa, dikuata dia rido wa nzubu wa manaya, ne disungula dia bantu ba bungi ba mu tshisumbu tshia benda¶

flowchart TD
    A["Tshilumbu tshia tshimpitshimpi tshia muaba wa tulasa: Dikuluka dia Bleacher, Dikuata dia Rido wa Gym, anyi Dikuluka dia Band Mass"] --> B{"Ntshilumbu kayi tshia muaba wa tulasa tshidi tshienzeka mpindieu?"}
    B -->|"Tshilejilu 1: Dikuluka dia tshiamu tshia manaya tshia teleskope anyi tshibandilu tshia pambelu"| C["Dimanyisha dia PA: Lekela kutuluka -> Umbusha bibandilu bidi kabiyi binyanguke KU luseke -> Kandika dibuela muinshi mua tshiamu tshidi katshiyi tshikole"]
    C --> D{"Bantu badibu bakengesha badiku basuikila muinshi mua tshiamu tshia mitaku anyi beton mu minite > 60 anyi?"}
    D -->|"EYOWA: Dikuma dia tshitupa tshia mubidi/tshiadi tshia mutantshi mule (> 1 hr)"| E["KUANGADI tshintu tshikole too ne padi baminganga ba ALS batuadija kuela mâyi a mubidi + bukubi bua Crush Syndrome -> Ela tourniquets bua kupatuka mashi mu mishipa"]
    D -->|"NO: Bantu badi bafua diakamue pa mutu pa buloba"| F["Enza START / JumpSTART Triage (Red/Yellow/Green/Black) -> Clear EMS gate -> Leja baledi ku off-field Reunion Reunion Zone"]
    B -->|"Tshilejilu 2: Mulongi mukuatshike mu rido anyi mu tshiibi tshia nzubu wa manaya"| G["Lekela tshintu tshia kukanga natshi / tshikuma -> Enza bua bantu 2 bakulumpe babandishe bujitu bua mubidi wa muntu udibu bashipe bua kujikija disama dia nshingu anyi dia tshiadi"]
    G --> H{"Muntu udibu bashipe mmubuele mu tshilamba tshia rido anyi mmukuate kudi tshiamu tshia kuinshi anyi?"}
    H -->|"Mubuikila mu rido wa Vinyl/Mesh Bight"| I["KUENJEKI motere kuyi umona to -> Kosa tshilamba tshia rido tshidi tshinyunguluke njila wa luya ne tshiadi tshia muntu udibu bashipe ne tshiamu tshia kukosa natshi mishiku -> Tangila mushindu udi mashi enda/mupuya"]
    H -->|"Bikuate ku tshiamu tshia mitaku tshikole anyi ku tshibumba tshia panyima"| J["Kukanga/kulama bujitu bua tshibandilu tshia pa mutu ne tshilamba tshia kulala -> Enza mudimu ne tshiamu tshia kupatula natshi tshianza anyi tshiamu tshia Fire Rescue spreaders paudi ukuatshisha muntu udi mukengeshibue"]
    B -->|"Tshilejilu 3: Dikuluka dia kapia ka tshisumbu tshia bantu badi benda mu tshipalu anyi mu njila wa tshibilu"| K["Umbusha bilamba bionso bia muomumue (jacket, bibbers, shako, gauntlets) -> Triage by Central Nervous System (CNS) mental status + Rectal Temp"]
    K --> L{"Muena mu tshisumbu etshi udi ne disama dia CNS (dipanga dia lungenyi, dipanga dia lungenyi, disama dia tshimpumpu, disama dia koma) anyi Temperature >= 40.0°C (104°F)?"}
    L -->|"EYOWA: Tshipupu tshia luya (RED Triage)"| M["KUMPALA KUMPALA, KUTUA MUIBIDI: Ela mu tshina tshia mayi mashika anyi mu Taco Ice-Water Tarp (1.7-15°C) too ne padi temperature < 38.9°C (102°F)"]
    L -->|"TSHIENA: Mudimuke ne mutangile, tshiji/tshioka, luya lukole < 40.0°C (JELOW/GREEN)"| N["Enda mu nzubu wa A/C anyi mu ntenta wa mundidimbi -> Bandisha mikolo -> Ela bilamba bia mashika bidi biendakana ku nshingu/ku nshingu/ku nshingu -> Kuela mayi a electrolyte ku mishiku"]

Tshilejilu 1: Dikuluka dia tshipalu tshia manaya tshia telescope ne tshipalu tshia pambelu¶

Balombodi ba manaya a tulasa, balombodi ba tulasa, ne bena mudimu ba manaya badi batangila miaba ibidi ya kusomba idi ne njiwu mikole idi ilombodibua kudi International Code Council ICC 300, NFPA 102, ne U.S. Tshibambalu tshia bukubi bua bintu bia bantu badi basumba (CPSC Tshikandakanda 330): (1) Bintu bia mu nzubu bia mu nzubu wa manaya biteka pa tshiamu tshia mitaku tshidi tshienda tshinyunguluka, ne (2) Bibambalu bia pambelu bidi kabiyi bishintuluka anyi bia tshitupa tshîpi bidi binyunguluke nzubu ya manaya.

Mishindu isatu ya dipanga dia balongi ba mu kalasa¶

Diandamuna dia bantu ba bungi badi bafue padi tshitupa tshia Bleacher tshikuluka¶

1. Kuata adrese wa bantu bonso (PA) Microphone mu tusunsa 5: Akula ne dîyi ditalala ne ditoke: "Ntema mu tshipalu: kuimanyika dienda dionso mu tshitupa tshia B. Kokuenda panshi mutangile ku milongo idi mikuluke to. Muntu yonso udi mu milongo idi pa mutu pa tshinyangu, enda bitekete bitekete mu tshitupa tshia A ne C, anyi enda kuulu too ne ku tshipalu tshia manaya ne ushale pambelu pa tshipalu. baminganga badi mua kuenza mudimu."
2. Kukosa bukole bua biamu bia tshiamu tshia nzembu bidi ne motere: Tangila tshiamu tshia nzembu tshia ku tshimanu tshia tshiamu tshia nzembu ne kanga diakamue tshiamu tshia dikosa natshi nzubu tshia manaya bua biamu bia nzembu kabiyi mua kunyunguluka ne kutshibula bitupa bia mubidi bidi bikuate to.
3. Kutuma START ne JumpSTART Mass-Casuality Triage at Perimeter: Enza 30-second-treage triage ku mubedi yonso mu nseke yonso:
4. VERT (Minor / Walking Wounded): Lombola muntu yense udi mua kuimana ne kuenda bua kuya ku tshibasa tshia tshisumbu anyi ku luseke lukuabu ku bulombodi bua mulongeshi wa diambuluisha bua kumutangila ni udi ne bitupa bia mubidi, bitupa bia mubidi ne bitupa bia mubidi.
5. MUTUKU (Immediate): Muntu yense udi ne dipatuka dia mashi mu mashi adi kaayi mua kukokeshibua (enza mudimu ne CoTCCC windlass tourniquet immediately), airway obstruction (open airway with a jaw-thrust maneuver), respiratory rate > 30/min (anyi < 15 anyi > 45 mu bana), absent radial pulse / capillary refill > 2 seconds, anyi dipanga dia kulonda mikenji mipepele.
6. YELOW (Delayed): Udi ne lungenyi, udi upuyakana bimpe ne tshiona tshikole, udi mua kulonda mêyi adibu bamuambila, kadi kena mua kuenda bua ditshibuka dia tshiadi anyi dia mu tshiadi anyi disama dia mukolo. Ubateke muaba udibu balala too ne padi bena mudimu ba kapia balua ne biamu bia kubandila nabi.
7. MUFIKE (Expectant): Apneic nansha kunyima kua diunzulula njila wa luya ne dikuma dia tshiadi (mu JumpSTART bua bana, ela 5 rescue breaths kumpala pikala tshitupa tshia mubidi tshidi tshiumvuika bitekete).

Tshilejilu 2: Rideau wa ditapulula dia nzubu wa manaya ne dikuata dia basketball dia panyima¶

U.S. Tshibambalu tshia bukubi bua bintu bia bantu badi basumba (CPSC) madimuija adi aleja njiwu ibidi idi yenzeka munda mua nzubu ya manaya ya tulasa: rido ya nzubu ya manaya idi yenza mudimu ne nzembu (225 to 900 kg / 500 to 2,000 lbs) ne bimanyinu bia basketball bia ku plafond bidi ne mashinyi (360 to 680 kg / 800 to 1,500 lbs). - Divider Curtain Entrapment: Mu rideaux fold-up, nkamba ya tshiamu tshia mitaku idi ipitshila mu D-rings ku mpala kua rideau bua kubandisha tshiamu tshia mitaku tshia kuinshi kua rido muulu mu bipese bia accordion (bights). Shi muena mudimu ushintulula tshiamu tshia ku tshimanu kayi ne tshintu tshidi tshimupangisha bua kumona, anyi bikala mulongi mubande pa tshibandilu tshia kuinshi anyi unaya munda mua bipese, nshingu, tshiadi anyi mutu wa muana udi ulua mubuele munda mua tshipese tshia vinyl tshidi tshienda tshibandila (bight) anyi muele ku bleachers, bienza bua se: muntu ikale ne disama dia tshiadi anyi disama dia asphyxie mu tusunsa 60 too ne ku 180. - Basketball Backstop Free-Fall: Shi tshiamu tshia kumpala tshia dibandisha natshi bintu tshinyanguka (bua dinyanguka dia tshiamu tshia kuulu / dipita dia bungi) ne tshiamu tshia panyima katshiyi ne tshiamu tshia centrifugal safety belt arrestor (Safe-T-Strap / Posi-Lok), tshiamu tshia mitaku tshidi tshienda tshipueka pa balongi badi muinshi. - Disungila dia bantu (ASTM F2115): Kushipa nzembu ku tshiamu tshia nshinga ne ku tshiamu tshia nzembu diakamue. Enza bua bantu babidi bakole bakole babandile pa tshibandilu anyi pa tshibandilu bua kubandisha mubidi ne maulu a mulongi udi mukuatshike bua bujitu budi kabuyi bukoka pa nshingu. Kuena mua kuenza mudimu ne motere wa dibandisha dia bintu mu tshimpitshimpi to pikala nkamba anyi tshilamba tshinyunguluke mu nshingu wa muntu udibu bashipe; Pamutu pa nanku, enza mudimu ne tshiamu tshikole anyi tshiamu tshia kusungila natshi bua kupanda tshilamba tshia rido tshia vinyl/mesh tshiunzulula tshinyunguluke njila wa luya lua muana eku bakuatshishi bakuatshisha bujitu buabu. Shi tshintu tshidi tshikuluka tshidi tshikuata mulongi panshi, lomba bantu bakole 4 to ne 6 bua kubandisha kazubu anu bua kuela mabaya makole a dibidija mubidi, mabaya makole a panyima, anyi bipese bia tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia nshinga muinshi bu muaba wa tshilala benyi wa tshimpitshimpi padibu bapatula muntu udibu bashipe.

Tshilejilu 3: Tshisumbu tshia bantu badi benda mu tshisumbu tshia bantu badi bafua ne mulongeshi wa manaya EAP¶

Tshilongelu tshia ku mutu ne tshia iniversite **bisumbu bia misambu, tshisumbu tshia ngoma ne biombelu (DCI). bilamba bia tshimono tshile (bibbers) muinshi mua kazaku kakole, bifulu binene, ne tshifulu tshia shako (covering 90% of body surface area) ne kuambula 11 too ne ku 20 kg (25 too ne ku 45 lbs) ya tshiamu tshia mitaku anyi ya tshiamu tshia mitaku.

Mua kusungula bantu 20 ba mu tshisumbu tshia misambu badi bakuluke musangu umua: Exertional Heatstroke (EHS) vs. Heat Exhaustion vs. Syncope¶

Kuenza "Taco-Method" Tarp Cooling & WBGT Bimanyinu bia dibendele (NATA / KSI)¶

Shi bantu 3 to ne ku 6 ba mu tshisumbu tshia benda bapeta Exertional Heatstroke (CNS dysfunction) musangu umua ne muaba wenu udi anu ne tshina tshimue tshia bintu tshikole, enza mudimu ne Taco-Method Tarp Cooling: teka 3-by-4-meter (10-by-12-foot) field tarp pa bisonsa bua muntu yonso udi ne disama dia luya lukole, umbusha tshilamba tshia mulongi, bilamba bia mulongi, bilamba bia mulongi ne bilamba bia mulongi munkatshi. Lomba bakuatshishi 4 bua kubandisha ku dia bakaji ne ku dia balume bua kuenza tshina tshia mâyi eku muambuluishi muitanu ukuata mutu pa mutu pa mâyi, wela 3 too ne ku 4 ya 10-gallon (38-litre) ya mâyi a mashika mu tshilamba, ne uteke bimanu bia tshilamba ku luseke ne ku luseke munkatshi mua minite 15 too ne ku 20 (cools 0.14°C to 0.17°C/min) too ne padi luya lua mu tshiadi lupueka kuinshi 38.9°C (102.0°F).

Bua kuepuka lufu lua bantu ba bungi, pima Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) pa tshibandilu tshia dibidija: muinshi mua Dibendele dia jaune (WBGT 27.8°C to 30.5°C / 82.0°F to 86.9°F), kukandika bilamba bia uniforme/shakos ne kufila dikisha dia 3 ku diba; muinshi mua Dibendele dia orange (WBGT 30.6°C to 32.2°C / 87.0°F to 90.0°F), ikala ukandika dibidija dia mêba 2 max mu bilamba bia T-shirt ne bilamba bikese ne dikisha 4 ku dîba ne tshitupa tshiuja CWI tub; muinshi mua Dibendele Dikunze/Difiike (WBGT > 32.2°C / > 90.0°F), lekela dilonga dionso dia pambelu.

Tshilejilu 4: Mulongeshi wa manaya wa muaba udibu benzela manaya (EAP) & Disangisha dia baledi¶

Tshipalu tshionso ne nzubu wa manaya bidi bikengela 4-Role milongolola EAP Mulongo wa mêyi ne I Love U Guys Mushindu wa disangisha dia pa tshibidilu (SRM): - Mudimu 1 (Mulombodi wa malu a luondapu: ATC / Munganga / Munganga): Bishadile ku muaba wa disangisha dia Triage; udi ulombola CPR/AED, Dibuela mu mayi mashika (CWI), tourniquets, ne START triage. - Mudimu 2 (Muena 911): Udi ubikila 911 / 112 / 999, ufila adrese wa njila wa GPS ne nomba wa tshiibi tshia tshipalu, ne ushala mu mulongo. - Mudimu 3 (Muangatshila bintu): Udi wangata Muaba AED, Tshiamu tshia kulama mashi, Tshipimu tshia luya lua mu tshiadi, ne Tshiamu tshia mashika tshia mashika / Tarp. - Mudimu 4 ("Gate-Runner"): Udi unzulula tshiibi tshia tshipalu ne tshifungu tshinene, umbusha mashinyi a tshisumbu tshia misambu adi mashika mu njila wa kapia, ne ulombola mashinyi a lupitadi bua kubuela mu njila. - Disangisha dia baledi pambelu pa tshipalu (SRM): Kumanyisha ku diambuluisha dia tshiamu tshia PA ne: balongi badi kabayi batapike badi babalombola ku Muaba wa dilongolola dia balongi (Muaba munene wa kudiila) ne baledi badi ne bua kuya ku Parent Check-In Desk ku nzubu mukuabu ne tshimfuanyi tshia mukanda wa dianyisha, ne kulama tshipalu ne muaba wa ambulanse bimpe menemene.

Mikenji ya diambuluisha dia kumpala ne ya bantu badi bapeta njiwu ya bungi idi pa dibeji edi idi anu bua buludiki bua lukasa lukasa ne kayena mua kupingana pa muaba wa dilongesha dia kuenza mudimu ne bianza to. Tudi tukulomba bua kulonga Dikuatshisha dia kumpala, CPR, ne AED kudi Croix-Rouge wa bena Amerike, Ambulance wa St John, anyi kudi Croix-Rouge anyi Société du Rouge-Rouge wa ditunga dienu.

Nomba ya tshimpitshimpi ya mu tshijengu ne mikenji ya bibambalu¶

• États-Unis: Bikila 911 diakamue. Mashinyi a tulasa ne nzubu ya tshilala benyi idi ilombodibua kudi ICC 300, NFPA 102 (udi ulomba bua kukonkonona kudi ba-enjenyere bapiluke ku bidimu bibidi ne kukonkonona mudimu wa dilongolola dia biamu bia teleskope), ne Mukanda wa CPSC 330. Rido ya ditapulula dia nzubu wa manaya ne biamu bia kunyima bidi bilonda ASTM F2115. Mikenji ya tshisanji ne ya manaya idi ilonda Tshisumbu tshia balongeshi ba manaya a mu ditunga dijima (NATA) ne Korey Stringer Institute (KSI).
• Royaume-Uni: Bikila 999 bua Ambulance ne Fire & Rescue. Miaba ya kusomba mu tshipalu idi ilonda mikenji ya Sports Grounds Safety Authority (SGSA "Green Guide") ne HSE HSG154, eku rido ya nzubu ya manaya ne biamu bia kubandisha nabi bintu bidi bilombola kudi PUWER 1998 ne LOLER 1998.
• Canada: Bikila 911. Bleachers badi balonda Mikenji ya ditunga dia Canada (NBC), ne bintu bia mudimu bidi bilondeshila OHS ne OPHEA Safety Standards.
• Union européenne: Bikila ku 112. Bibandilu bidi mua kumbushibua ne bia teleskope bidi bilondeshila EN 13200 ne KU 13782, ne bintu bia mu nzubu wa manaya bidi bilonda KU 913 ne KU 1270.
• Australie ne Nouvelle-Zélande: Bikila ku 000 (Australie) anyi 111 (New-Zélande). Mikenji ya luya ne ya muaba wa manaya idi ilonda Sports Medicine Australia (SMA) ne AS/NZS 3500. Tangila tshilaminu tshietu tshia bintu ku nomba ya tshimpitshimpi.

Nkonko itubu bela misangu ya bungi¶

Bua tshinyi bipese bia manaya bia mu tshipalu bidi bikuluka mu tshikondo tshia bisangilu bia balongi nansha mudi bungi bua balongi bupuekele ku tshipiminu tshia bujitu tshidibu bafunde?¶

Dikuluka dia Bleacher mu bikondo bia pep rallies ne manaya ditu anu difumina ku dienza dia tshisumbu tshia bantu tshidi tshienda tshishintuluka pamutu pa bujitu budi kabuyi bushintuluka nkayabu. Padi balongi nkama ne nkama batuluka, batuta, anyi banyunguluka ku luseke ne ku luseke pamue ne mijiki (ku misangu ya 1,5 too ne ku 3,5 Hz), badi bapatula bukole bua dikosa dia mu nseke ne dikolesha dia mutoyi wa mu nseke too ne ku misangu 3 ya bujitu bua mubidi wabu. Mu nzubu ya tshilala benyi ya mu nzubu, dishintuluka edi didi dienza bua se "racking" wa ku luseke udi ukosa milongo ya milongo ne udi ukosolola tshiamu tshia ciseaux ku luseke bu mudi domino. Shi kibumbo kya bantu kyabanga kututa nansha kunyunguluka pa bilamba bia kale, imanyika mijiki pa tshiamu tshia PA diakamue ne ulombe muntu yense bua kusomba panshi.

Mmushindu kayi mutambe buimpe wa kusungila mulongi udi mukuatshike mu rido wa ditapulula wa nzubu wa manaya udi wenza mudimu ne nzembu?¶

Diakamue, uleke tshiamu tshia ku tshimanu ne ujimije tshiamu tshia circuit, pashishe lomba bantu babidi bakulumpe bua kubuela lubilu (ku diambuluisha dia tshilamba tshia manaya anyi tshibandilu pikala muana mubandishibue panshi) bua kubandisha mubidi wa mulongi ne maulu ende bua bujitu budi kabuyi bumukoka pa nshingu anyi pa tshiadi. Kuendeshi motere wa tshiamu tshia kubandisha natshi bintu mu tshitupa tshia panyima pikala mulongi mubuikila munda mua tshilamba tshia vinyl/mesh (bight) anyi mubuikila mu tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia kubandisha natshi bintu, bualu kuendesha motere kudi mua kukolesha tshilamba tshidi tshinyunguluke njila wabu wa luya; pamutu pa nanku, enza mudimu ne tshiamu tshia kukosa nabi mishiku tshikole anyi tshiamu tshia kusungila natshi bua kukosa tshilamba tshia rido tshidi tshinyunguluke muana eku bakuatshishi bakuatshisha bujitu buabu.

Bua tshinyi "Cool First, Transport Second" udi ne tshia kuikala ne mushinga padi muena mu tshisumbu tshia misambu upona ne tshipupu tshia Exertional Heatstroke?¶

Mu disama dia Exertional Heatstroke (luya lua munda >= 40.0 degrés Celsius / 104 degrés Fahrenheit ne dipanga dia mudimu wa tshitupa tshia munda tshia mubidi bu mudi dipanga dia lungenyi, diluangana, anyi koma), dinyanguka dia buongo dia kashidi, dipanga dia bitupa bia mubidi bia bungi, ne lufu bidi bimanyika ku bungi bulelela bua minite idi selile ya muntu udibu bashipe ishala pa mutu pa tshipiminu tshia mushinga mukole (40.0 degrés Celsius. / 104.9 degrees Fahrenheit). Kuteka mubedi wa tshipupu tshia mashika mu nyima kua ambulanse kudi kupangisha mashika lukasa mu minite 20 too ne ku 40, kadi kuela mulongi mu tshina tshia mâyi mashika anyi mu tshilamba tshia mâyi a mashika tshia Taco-Method mu budimi kudi kulengeja luya lua munda lua 0,15 too ne ku 0,25 degre Cel ku minite yonso ne kufila muoyo pabuipi ne 100 pa lukama wakatuadija mu minite 10 ya dikuluka.

Mmunyi muudi mua kupesha bantu ba bungi ba mu tshisumbu tshia benda mashika musangu umue pikala tshilongelu tshienu tshikale anu ne tshina tshimue tshia mâyi mashika?¶

Ingidija mushindu wa NATA wa "Taco-Method" Tarp Cooling technique: ela muntu yonso udi ne disama dia heatstroke (mumbushe jacket wende wa uniforme, bibbers, bisabata, ne shosette) munkatshi mua tshilamba tshia 3-ku-4-metre (10-ku-12-foot) tshidi katshiyi tshibuela mâyi, ikala ne bantu banayi badi bakuambuluisha bua kulama miele ya tshilamba bua kuenza tshina tshia mayi mutu wa muntu udibu bashipe pa mutu pa mayi, wela bintu bisatu anyi binayi bia mayi a mashika a mu tshitekelu tshia mâyi pa mutu pa mubidi wa muntu udibu bashipe, ne utungunuke ne kuela bimanu bia tshiamu tshia mitaku kumpala ne panyima munkatshi mua minite 15 anyi 20 too ne padi luya lua mu tshiadi lupueka muinshi mua 38,9 degrés Celsius (102 degrés Fahrenheit).

Malu adi apetangana¶

• Tshipupu tshia mu kalasa tshia manaya, tshipupu tshia mudimu mukole, disama dia mutshima dia EKG mu tshipalu, ne protocole wa dienda dia kumpala dia mashika
• Tshipupu tshia mashinyi a tulasa, ditapuluka dia luendu lua mu mpata, ne mikenji ya disangisha dia baledi
• Dikanga dia tulasa ne njiwu idi yenzeka
• Disama dia anaphylaxie dikole dia biakudia ku kalasa, dipeta dia EpiPen, ne plan wa 504
• Disama dia luya ne diambuluisha dia kumpala dia luya

Miaba ne buludiki bua mbulamatadi¶

• Tshisumbu tshia balongeshi ba manaya a mu ditunga dijima (NATA) & Korey Stringer Institute (KSI): Dimanyisha dia muaba: Masama a luya lua mudimu mukole (Dibuela mu mayi mashika ne mikenji ya dienza dia mashika mu mushindu wa Taco), Dimanyisha dia muaba: Dilongolola dia malu a tshimpitshimpi mu manaya a lubilu (EAPs ya muaba kampanda), ne Mikenji ya bukubi bua luya lua mu tshisumbu tshia dinaya dia manaya / tshisumbu tshia dinaya.
• Tshipangu tshia mikenji ya buloba bujima (ICC) & Tshisumbu tshia ditunga tshia dikuba dia kapia (NFPA): ICC 300 (Mukenji wa Bleachers, Folding and Telescopic Seating, ne Grandstands) ne NFPA 102 (Standard for Grandstands, Folding and Telescopic Seating, Tents, and Membrane Structures: Biennial Professional Engineer Inspection & Dynamic Crowd Standards).
• U.S. Tshibambalu tshia bukubi bua bintu bia bantu badi basumba (CPSC) & ASTM International: CPSC Publication 330 (Guidelines for Retrofitting Bleachers: 4-Inch Open Riser & Guardrail Rule) and ASTM F2115 (Standard Specification for Motorized Gymnastics and Gymnasium Equipment: Divider Curtain & Folding Backstop Entrapment)
• TUETU. Tshibambalu tshia malu a bukola bua mubidi ne midimu ya bantu (HHS / ASPR CHEMM) & The "I Love Nu Guys" Foundation: START ne JumpSTART Mass-Casualty Triage Algorithms and the Standard Reunification Method (SRM) bua tulasa tua K-12 ne tulasa.
• Tshibambalu tshia bukubi bua miaba ya manaya (SGSA, Royaume-Uni) & Mulombodi wa malu a bukola bua mubidi ne bukubi (HSE): Mukanda wa bukubi mu bipalu bia manaya ("The Green Guide", 6^th Edition) ne Dilama dia bantu mu bukubi (HSG154).