Dipanga dia tshiamu tshia RAID Controller: Dibueja dia malu a ku babende kakuyi dijimija dia biamu biebe¶

Padi karte ka RAID ka tshiamu tshia mudimu tshia mudimu, bu mudi Dell PowerEdge PERC (H730P, H740P, H755, H840), HPE ProLiant Smart Array (P408i-a, P440ar, E208i, MR416i), anyi Broadcom / LSI / Avago MegaRAID (SAS 9361-8i, 9460-16i, 9560-16i), udi upeta lufu lua tshiamu tshia PCIe, dinyanguka dia supercapacitor wa BBU/CacheVault, anyi dipueka dia tshimpitshimpi dia voltage wa backplane, ne udi uteka karte ka RAID ka kupingana anu bua kumona tshiamu tshia mudimu tshia BIOS tshia kumpala kua dituadija tshiimana ne dilomba dia buôwa dia "Foreign configuration(s) found on adapter. Press any key to continue or 'C' to load the configuration utility", dikuma dimue dia tshiamu tshibi didi mua kubutula terabytes ya bintu bia mudimu ne mashinyi a patupu mu masekonde makese. Mu mishindu ya RAID ya tshiamu, tshimfuanyi tshia milongo ya bintu (tshibandilu tshia RAID, bulongame bua mashinyi, 64 KB / 256 KB bunene bua mulongo, ne mikalu ya Logical Volume LBA) idi milamibua bionso bibidi mu tshiamu tshia NVRAM tshia mu karte ka tshilombodi ne mu tshitupa tshisokoka tshia pa diske dionso dia SAS/SATA/NVMe didibu babikila ne: Disk Data Format (DDF / COD, Configuration on Disk) metadata region. Padi karte ka RAID kapiakapia ka kupingaja (anyi karte kadi kale kunyima kua dinyanguka dia nzembu dia tshitupa tshîpi) katuadija ne kumona biamu bidi pa diske DDF nomba wa metadata kena upetangana ne NVRAM wa karte to, udi uleja biamu abi bu "Foreign". Shi mulombodi udi ne buôwa muele "Create New Virtual Disk" anyi "Initialize" wela meji ne: "udi ubandisha" biamu bia mudimu, anyi muele "Clear Foreign Configuration" padibu basue kubibueja, mulombodi udi ufunda metadata udi pa diske ne ujimija mitu ya Virtual Disk. Kumanya dishilangana dilelela pankatshi pa Import Foreign Configuration ne Clear Foreign Configuration, mushindu kayi wa kuela nomba ya tshiamu tshia mashinyi kumpala kua kulenga tshintu tshimue, ne mushindu wa kuenza mudimu ne Pinned / Dirty Write-Back Cache (BBU / CacheVault) ne "Punctured Stripe" multi-drive dropoffs nebipingaje array webe ku Enternete kakuyi dijimija dia malu. Shi dinyanguka dia tshiamu tshia mudimu difumina ku kapia ka nzembu ka mu nzubu wa tshiamu tshia mudimu, tshipupu tshia UPS tshia lithium-ion, anyi dibutuka dia tshiamu tshia mayi, umbuka mu nzubu ne ubikile muaba uudi musombele nomba ya tshimpitshimpi (911 mu États-Unis ne mu Canada, 999 mu Royaume-Uni, 112 mu matunga masanga a ku Mputu) diakamue. Bua kumanya malu adi atangila tshilaminu tshia bintu, mashinyi a patupu, ne SSD, bala bulombodi buetu pa NAS RAID array munyanguke, multiple drive failure, ne ZFS/Btrfs recovery, mashinyi a patupu VMDk, VHDX, ne QCOW2 snapshot chain corruption, ne SSD NVMe mushindu wa kubala anu mu tshimpitshimpi ne bintu bia pa mutu bidi bisungila.

Enza nunku mpindieu¶

1. KUENA KUENZA "Initialize", "Fast Initialization", anyi "Create New Virtual Disk" pa biamu bidi ne malu adiku. Mu miaku ya Dell PERC, Broadcom MegaRAID, ne HPE Smart Array, Initialize kena umvuija ne: "kuteka ne kuela diske" (bu mudibi biumvuija imue misangu mu biamu bia diske bia kale bia macOS/Windows). Mu tshiamu tshia RAID, Initialize udi umvuija FORMAT AND ZERO OUT THE VIRTUAL DISK METADATA AND PARITY BLOCKS. Nansha "Fast Initialization" wa sekonde 3 udi ufunda megabytes wa kumpala ne wa ndekelu wa volime wa lungenyi, unyanga mesa a GPT, VMware VMFS mutu, Windows NTFS Master File Table boot tshitupa, anyi Linux LVM2 / XFS superblock.
2. Umbusha tshimanyishilu tshia kashidi mpindieu ne ufunde nomba wa tshitupa tshilelela (Bay 0, Bay 1, Bay 2...) pa tshiamu tshionso tshia mashinyi kumpala kua kukoka diske dimue. Padi SNIA wa matuku etu aa DDF metadata udi ulama bimanyinu bia dilondangana dia mashinyi pa diske dionso, dishintulula dia programe wa kale, dikosolola dia backplanes, anyi dienza dia malu a tshimpitshimpi ku bianza (No-Init Recovery) kueyemena 100 pa lukama pa diske dionso didi dipingana ku didi dilelela dia ntuadijilu Enclosure:Slot nomba wa bay. Kokupatula ma disque inayi mu tshiamu tshia mudimu ne kuateka pa mesa kaayi mafunda to.
3. Kupatuki tshiamu tshia mudimu tshimpe anyi tshia "Rebuilding" ne kutshibueja kabidi padi tshiamu tshia mudimu tshienza mudimu bua "kuteta ni tshidi tshipingana." Dîba diudi upatula tshiamu tshia SAS/SATA tshidi ne muoyo mu tshiamu tshia hot-swap backplane munkatshi mua tusunsa tupite pa 5, tshiamu tshia RAID tshidi tshileja dîba dia diske adi bu Failed / Offline anyi Foreign. Shi tshiamu tshimue tshikale tshifua mu RAID 5 ne wewe mupatule tshiamu tshibidi bua kutangila nomba wa tshitupa tshiatshi padi tshiamu tshienza mudimu, uvua anu mushipe tshiamu tshibidi ku mêsu kua tshiamu tshia kulombola natshi ne mushipe volime mujima wa RAID 5.
4. Umvua mukenji wa mushinga mukole wa Import vs. Clear: Paudi upingana pa muaba wa karte ka RAID kafua (anyi kunyima kua dishinda dionso dimane kupatuka pamue mu tshitupa tshîpi), udi musue IMPORT. Paudi ubueja tshiamu tshia mudimu tshia tshianana mu tshiamu tshia mudimu tshidi tshienza mudimu bimpe, udi musue CLEAR.
5. Tshilejilu A (Kalata ka RAID kakafua ne udi muteke kakanda kakuabu, NANSHA tshilumbu tshia bukole/tshia kunyima tshiakafikisha ku tshibutshilu tshieba tshijima Foreign): Dilongolola dilelela didi pa diske (Configuration on Disk). Udi ne tshia kusungula Import Foreign Configuration nunku karte ka kupingaja kadi kabala tshilongo tshia bintu ku diske mu NVRAM wende.
6. Tshilejilu B (Serveur webe udi wenza mudimu bimpa, 1 drive mmufue, ne udi mubueje disque dur wa kale uvuabu bapingaje mu Bay 4): Disqueur wa kale au udi ne metadata ya kale ya RAID ya mu serveur mufue (Foreign). Wewe mufina Import, udi mua kubueja tshiamu tshia mudimu tshia kale tshia ghost array. Mu tshilejilu B, udi usungula Clear Foreign Configuration pa diske dimua dia kupingana nunku dilue Unconfigured Good ne udi utuadija kuibaka kabidi bu tshintu tshia patupu.
7. Bikala biamu bibidi anyi bipite apu kabiyi pa lutanda lua Internet mu RAID 5 (anyi bisatu mu RAID 6), KUENZEJI bua kuenza mudimu ne tshiamu etshi ku bukole ne wenze "Rebuild" kumpala kua kuenza clone wa mashinyi onso ne ddrescue. Padi biamu bia bungi bipatuka mu tshisumbu bua bitupa bibi (UREs, Bilema bia kubala bidi kabiyi mua kupingajibua), kuenzeja tshiamu tshia kale tshidibu balekele bua kupingana ku Enternete kudi kuenza "Stale Data Disynchronization" anyi "Punctured RAID Stripe" udi unyanga kashidi mikanda ya malu. Kujika tshiamu tshia mudimu, ela tshiamu tshia mudimu ku tshiamu tshia HBA tshidi katshiyi tshia RAID (IT-Mode SAS card), clone drive yonso bit-ku-bit ku bimfuanyi, ne enza tshiakabidi tshisumbu mu tshiamu tshia kubala anu kumpala.

Mutshi wa dipangadika: Dishintulula dia tshiamu tshia RAID ne disungula dia malu a ku babende¶

flowchart TD
    A["Hardware RAID Emergency: Card wa Controller mmufue NANSHA BIOS udi wamba ne: 'Dilongolola dia ku babende ndipeta'"] --> B{"Bua tshinyi didimuija dia 'Dilongolola dia ku babende' didi dimueneka?"}
    B -->|"Tshilumbu 1: Bapingaje karte ka RAID kafue (anyi bapingaje biamu bionso bia mashinyi ku tshiamu tshia serveur tshikuabu)"| C["Biamu bionso bia ku mubidi bidi ne makanda a mubidi ne bidi ne metadata yebe ya bushuwa ('Configuration on Disk')"]
    B -->|"Tshilumbu 2: Backplane / PSU Glitch uvua muenze bua biamu bia bungi bia mu tshiamu tshia mudimu bikuluke ku 'bia ku babende' musangu umue"| D["Power Down Server -> Seat SAS Backplane Cables & Drive Caddies (In Exact Numbered Slots) -> Boot to Controller BIOS"]
    B -->|"Tshilumbu 3: Udi anu mubueje diske dimue dia kupingana mu tshisumbu tshidi tshienda tshienda ne diske adi diamba ne: ‘Dia bende’"| E["KUENA MU MUTU: Disque 1 udibu benze nende mudimu udi ne metadata ya kale ya ku serveur mukuabu; Sungula 'KUJIKIJA malu a ku babende' bua ikale tshintu tshia pa mutu"]
    B -->|"Tshilumbu 4: Mashinyi a bungi adi afika / Mapangile ne bilema bia mu tshiamu (RAID 5 ne 2+ Diske mibi)"| F["KULEKA: KUENZEJI ku Enternete anyi Kuibakulula to; Lamakaja biamu bia mudimu ku IT-Mode HBA, enza clone wa biamu bionso ku diambuluisha dia ddrescue, ne enza kabidi"]
    C --> G["Buela mu Controller BIOS (iDRAC / Ctrl+R / F2 System Setup) -> Kangula 'Foreign Configuration View / Preview'"]
    D --> G
    G --> H{"Tangila tshibuelelu tshia kumpala tshia ku babende: Bionso bidi mu diske dia pa buloba bidiku ne bidi pa buloba anyi?"}
    H -->|"Eyowa: Mashinyi onso (anyi N-1 mu RAID 5 / N-2 mu RAID 6) adiku"| I["Enza 'IMPORT FOREIGN CONFIGURATION' (KUENA KUENZA pa Clear anyi Initialize); Diski dia patupu didi dikola diakamue"]
    H -->|"Tòo: Mashinyi a bungi atshidi aleja 'Missing' mu Preview"| J["ABORT IMPORT: Kubueja tshisumbu tshia milongo tshidi katshiyi tshikumbane to; Ima ne ujingulule tshiamu kayi tshidi katshiyi tshienza mudimu"]

Tshilejelu tshia muena mudimu ne muena mudimu: Mushindu kayi udi Dell PERC, Broadcom/LSI MegaRAID, ne HPE Smart Array benza mudimu ne metadata wa ku babende¶

Muena mudimu yonso munene udi wenza mudimu ne miaku mishilangane mu UEFI HII, Out-of-Band Management (iDRAC / iLO / XClarity), ne tshiamu tshia CLI (perccli / storcli / ssacli). Tangila tshibambalu etshi tshia difuanyikija dia basumbishi kumpala kua kufina tshintu tshimue:

Mukanda wa manaya 1: "Foreign Configuration Import" udi kayi ne njiwu pa Dell PERC & LSI MegaRAID¶

Padi tshiamu tshieba tshia Dell PowerEdge anyi Supermicro/Lenovo MegaRAID tshiimana pa tshibangidilu ne "Foreign configuration(s) found on adapter", londa liste wa malu asatu a kulonda:

Tshitupa 1: Tangila kumpala LED ya mashinyi ne nsombelu wa Spin-Up¶

Kumpala kua kubuela mu menu wa BIOS, ndaku kumpala kua tshiamu tshia mudimu (anyi kangula Dell iDRAC -> Storage -> Physical Disks) ne ubale LED ya mu tshiamu tshia mashinyi: - Bua tshinyi tshisumbu tshiakalua Foreign mu muaba wa kumpala anyi? - Shi uvua anu mupingaje karte ka PERC/MegaRAID kavua kafua (anyi mupingaje biamu bionso mu tshiamu tshia mudimu tshia tshianana), kumona Foreign pa bionso bia mashinyi bidi 100 pa lukama bia pa tshibidilu ne bidi bitekemena. - Ino, shi kuyi mushintakaja karte ka RAID ne tshiamu tshia mudimu tshiakapingana mu tshimpitshimpi "Foreign configuration found", bidi biumvuija ne: mashinyi a bungi adi kaayi ne mudimu musangu umue, pa tshibidilu bua SAS Mini-SAS HD (SFF-8643 / SFF-8654) tshiamu tshia kunyima, tshiamu tshia kunyima tshia nzembu tshidi tshinyanguka, anyi biamu bibidi bia kale bidi bikuata bitupa bibi musangu umue. - Bikala tshiamu tshia LED tshifiike (katshiyi tshienda tshinyunguluka): Kujika tshiamu tshia mudimu, kangula tshiamu tshia mashinyi, windile tusunsa 30, uteke tshiamu tshia mashinyi bimpe ne tangila SAS backplane power/data cables, ne upingaje tshiamu tshia nzembu bua diske yonso ya mubidi ikale mimanyike kumpala kua wewe kumona dibueja dia bintu.

Tshitupa 2: Fungula tshizubu tshia "Dimona dia malu a ku babende" (Kuena ne bua kubueja bintu mu tshimpitshimpi to)¶

1. Tuadija tshiamu tshia mudimu ne tufina F2 (System Setup) pa Dell PowerEdge 13G / 14G / 15G / 16G ba-server (anyi Ctrl+R pa kale 11G / 12G BIOS servers).
2. Enda ku Device Settings -> [Your Dell PERC / MegaRAID Controller] -> Main Menu -> Configuration Management -> Manage Foreign Configuration -> Preview Foreign Configuration.
3. Nansha, shi udi mua kutuadija Linux rescue USB anyi kulamakaja ku diambuluisha dia SSH/OS, tangila tshilejelu bimpe ku mulongo wa mêyi ku diambuluisha dia perccli anyi storcli:

   # Show all detected Foreign Configurations and whether Virtual Disks are complete:
   perccli /c0/fall show all
   # Or on standard Broadcom MegaRAID:
   storcli /c0/fall show preview
   

4. Bala tshibuelelu tshia kumpala bimpe:
5. Tangila Disque Virtual (VD 0) nsombelu munda mua tshimfuanyi tshia ku babende: udi wamba ne Optimal (bionso bidiku) anyi Degraded (e.g., 5 ya ku 6 idi mu RAID 5, anyi 6 ya ku 8 idi mu RAID 6)?
6. Mukenji: Shi tshilejelu tshia ku babende tshileja, diske dia patupu nedibueje bu Optimal anyi Degraded (Mountable), mbimpe kuya ku tshitupa 3.
7. Nsombelu wa kuimana: Shi tshimfuanyi tshia ku babende tshiamba ne: Offline / Incomplete bualu mashinyi abidi adi kaayiku mu RAID 5 (anyi isatu mu RAID 6), STOP: KUENA pa Import to. Kubueja bintu padi mashinyi a bungi kaayiku nekufikishe tshisumbu tshinyanguke, tshidi katshiyi mua kubandishibua anyi nekulekele mashinyi adi kaayiku kaayi apetangana to. Jima tshiamu tshia mudimu ne ujingulule bua tshinyi diske dia mubidi didi dijimina kadiena dienda dienda pa tshiamu tshia panyima kumpala to.

Tshitupa 3: Enza Import Foreign Configuration¶

1. Padi tshibuelelu tshia kumpala tshijadika ne Virtual Disk mmujikije (anyi mmunyanguke), tuaku pa Import Foreign Configuration ne kujadika dilomba (anyi kuenza perccli /c0/fall import / storcli /c0/fall import).
2. Mu masekonde 3 anyi 5, tshiamu tshidi tshilombola tshidi tshibala DDF metadata ya mu diske ya ku mubidi, udi ufunda karte ka milongo mu NVRAM wa tshiamu tshia kulombola natshi, udi ushintulula biamu bia mashinyi kumbukila ku Foreign kupingana ku Online, ne udi ulua ne diske dia patupu Optimal (anyi Degraded, mudiakaje bua kuenza backup diakamue).
3. Tuadija tshiamu tshia mudimu; tshiamu tshieba tshia mudimu (VMware ESXi, Windows Server, Proxmox / Linux) neapatuke buludiludi ku volime mujima kayi mujimine nansha byte nansha umue.

Mukanda wa manaya 2: Netuambe tshinyi bikala muntu mukuabu mumane kutua pa "Kumbusha malu a ku babende" (anyi metadata ya NVRAM + DDF yonso ibidi mifume)?¶

Netuambe tshinyi bikala mumanyi wa malu a biamu mua kuikala ne buôwa pa dîba 2:00 wa dinda, mumone "Foreign configuration found", muele Clear Foreign Configuration (kusukula DDF RAID metadata off the disks so drive yonso mpindieu udi wamba ne Unconfigured Good), ne Virtual Disk webe mujima mmujimine anyi?

Kulekedi to; malu eba adi anu 100 pa lukama pa bipese. Kufina Clear Foreign Configuration udi ujimija anu kakese DDF tshitupa tshia dilongolola ku ndekelu kua diske; kawena ulenga milongo ya malu a muena mudimu to (LBA 0 too ne ku ndekelu kua diabanya diebe).

Ino, tshienzedi tshimue tshibi mu tshikondo tshia diondopangana netshibutule bionso. Mona tshilele tshijalame tshia dipingaja dia bintu bia mudimu padibu bajikije tshilongolola tshia RAID tshia tshiamu:

Mushindu 1 (Mutambe bubi - 100% Zero Risk to Original Disks): Kulongolola kabidi ku diambuluisha dia Read-Only HBA + R-Studio / UFS Explorer / mdadm¶

Bena mudimu bapiluke ba malu a dipingaja dia bintu kabatu bateta "kuenza tshiakabidi tshisumbu" pa diske ya mudimu idi munda mua RAID controller BIOS pikalabu kabayi bajadike 100 pa lukama bua bulongame bulelela bua tshiamu tshia mashinyi, bunene bua milongo (64 KB, 128 KB, 256 KB), ne dishintuluka dia tshitupa (Left Asymmetric vs Left Symmetric). 1. Kujika tshiamu tshia mudimu ne umbusha biamu bidi ne nomba. 2. Lamakaja biamu bia mudimu ku tshiamu tshia mudimu tshidi ne non-RAID SAS Host Bus Adapter (HBA, bu mudi LSI 9207-8i / 9300-8i wakakenkesha ku IT-Mode Initiator-Target passthrough firmware) nunku tshiamu tshia mudimu tshidi tshimona diske dionso dia tshianana kakuyi RAID BIOS udi unyangakaja. 3. Kangula UFS Explorer RAID Recovery anyi R-Studio Technician: - Biamu bionso bibidi bidi na Dell PERC, LSI MegaRAID, ne HPE Smart Array Heuristic Stripe-Order Detectors bidi bitangila bitupa bia mudimu, bimanya nkayabi bulongame bulelela, 64 KB / 256 KB bunene bua tshitupa tshia milonda, dishintuluka dia tshitupa tshimue, ne DDF tuadija dishintuluka mu tshivulukilu tshia kubala, ne kukulekela kopa bionso biebe .vhdx, .vmdk, SQL databases, ne ma file adi afuma ku tshibumba tshia tshiamu tshia ordinatere bua kuya ku NAS wa tshilaminu kakuyi difunda nansha dimue dia byte ku biamu bia SAS bia ntuadijilu.

Mushindu 2 (Tshienzedi tshia "Kuenza kabidi diske dia patupu kakuyi dibanga" - Anu padi 100% ya malu mamanyike)¶

Shi kuena ne IT-Mode HBA ne udi mumanye ne dishindika dia 100 pa lukama** dilongolola dia kumpala dia Dell PERC / LSI MegaRAID array (kufumina ku tshintu tshidibu bapatule iDRAC TSR [Tech Support Report] log anyi build sheet: Physical Disk bay order exact, RAID level, Stripe Element Size [e.g., 64 KB pa PERC H730 anyi 256 KB pa H740P], ne mikenji ya dibala/difunda): 1. Mu tshiamu tshia MegaRAID / PERC BIOS, kangula Create New Virtual Disk. 2. Sungula RAID Level wa muomumue, Physical Disks wa muomumue mu bulongame bua muomumue, ne Stripe Size wa muomumue (64 KB / 256 KB). 3. MUSHINDU WA MUOYO-NA-LUFU: Muinshi mua Initialization kazubu ka kupueka, ikala mushindike ne: mmuteka pa NO INITIALIZATION (Lekela bu No / None; KUENA sungula Fast Initialize anyi Full Initialize). 4. Paudi wenza diske dia patupu pa tshiamu tshia LSI/PERC ne Initialization = No, mulombodi udi ufunda tshintu tshipiatshipia DDF mutu wa metadata mu bitupa bidibu balame ku ndekelu kua diske eku ushiya 100 pa lukama ya bipese bia data bia muena mudimu kabiyi bilenga. 5. Buela mu Read-Only Linux Live USB (SystemRescue) kumpala ne kunyema lsblk -f anyi fdisk -l: shi NTFS, VMFS, anyi XFS bitupa bidi bimueneka diakamue ne bimanyinu biabu bia tshiamu tshia mitaku kabiyi binyanguke, ne tshimfuanyi tshia milongo tshidi tshipetangana. (Dimanya: Kubangi tshikebelu tshia diumvuangana dia panyima too ne paudi ujikija kulama malu onso a mushinga, bualu wewe muele meji bibi bua bunene bua mulongo anyi bulongame bua tshiamu, tshikebelu tshia diumvuangana netshifunde pa mutu pa bipese bia malu mimpe bidi ne bulongame bubi.)

Mukanda wa manaya 3: Kuenza mudimu ne "Malu adi kaayi makane" mu RAID 5 / RAID 6 ne "Punctured Stripe" Trap¶

Netuambe tshinyi pikala 6-drive RAID 5 array webe mujima Offline / Dead bualu Drive 2 uvua mupangile ngondo isatu mimane kupita (ne muntu nansha umue kavua mumone bualu mamanyisha a ku e-mail kaavua malongolola to) ne Drive 4 wakatuadija kuela bilema bia ku Enternete (Bad Blocks / Sense Code 03/11/00) mu dinda edi?

Disungila dia 4-Step dia bukubi bua Multi-Drive Dropped RAID Array:¶

1. Patula TTY wa mulombodi / mukanda wa malu adi menzeke (perccli /c0 show termlog anyi iDRAC TSR) TSHIA KUMPALA:
2. Kumpala kua kulenga tshitupa tshionso tshia mashinyi, bala mukanda wa terminal wa munda mua tshiamu tshia kulombola natshi (termlog). Tangila tshikondo tshijalame tshidi tshiamu tshionso tshishintuluka kumbukila ku Online ku Failed anyi Foreign.
3. Mukenji munene: Tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshivua tshipatuke mu internet LAST (tshilejilu, lelu minite 10 mimane kupita lelu) tshidi ne 99,999% ya malu mapiamapia ne ntshia tshiamu tshimuepele tshidi mua kupingajibua ku Enternete (anyi kuenza clone) bua kubandisha volime. Tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshivua tshifue kukadi mbingu anyi ngondo mikese (Stale Drive) udi ne tshia kushala pambelu mu tshisumbu.
4. Fola "Most Recently Dropped" Failing Drive on Healthy Blank Disk Ku diambuluisha dia ddrescue (Ku diambuluisha dia IT-Mode HBA):
5. Bualu tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshivua tshimane kuenza mudimu kukadi minite 10 tshivua tshitamba kuenza mudimu bua bitupa bikese bibi bidi kabiyi mua kubala (UREs), kuenzeja dikalu didi dinyanguka mu mubidi munda mua karte ka RAID ne kuteta bua kuenza mudimu wa dilongolola dia RAID dia mêba 14 nekuenze bua mitu yende ya dibala ikuluke ne ifue bionso kunyima kua minite 20.
6. Pamutu pa nanku, ela tshiamu tshidi tshinyanguka (ne tshiamu tshikuabu tshionso tshidi tshishala) ku tshiamu tshidi katshiyi tshia RAID IT-Mode SAS HBA ne enza mudimu ne GNU ddrescue (ddrescue -d -r1 /dev/sdX drive4_clone.img drive4.map) bua kuela tshimfuanyi tshia 99.9999% ya bitupa biende bidi mua kubala pa tshiamu tshia mashinyi anyi tshimfuanyi tshimpe, kupitshila bimpe pa bitupa 3 anyi 4 bibi kuyi unyanga tshisumbu tshia mutu.
7. Teka tshiamu tshia Cloned Array mu Read-Only Mode ne ukopolole malu a mushinga kumpala kua kuibaka kabidi:
8. Padibu bamane kuenza clone wa tshiamu tshidi katshiyi tshienza mudimu bimpe (anyi bikalabi bikengela kuenza mudimu ne tshiamu tshidibu balekele matuku mashale aa mu BIOS wa tshiamu tshia kulombola natshi mudimu), teka volime wa OS mu mushindu wa kubala anu (mount -o ro,norecovery) ne umbusha bintu biebe bia mushinga mukole, .vhdx/.vmdk mikanda, ne diabanya dia makuta kudi NAS wa pambelu diakamue.
9. Mushindu wa kumbusha "Punctured Array" kunyima kua wewe mumane kulama malu ebe:
10. Padi Dell PERC anyi LSI MegaRAID Virtual Disk mupeta disama dia Punctured Stripe (dileja mu mukanda wa tshilombodi kudi Patrol Read can't fix bad block anyi Strip is punctured), kakuena bungi bua dishintakaja dia biamu anyi dienza dia malu adi kaayi malelela didi mua kumbusha dibendele dia dinyanguka dia diske dia patupu.
11. Panyima pa wewe mumane kulama 100 pa lukama ya mikanda yebe/ma VM ku tshibumba tshidi tshinyanguke: udi ne tshia Kujimija diske dia patupu, Kuenza diske dia patupu dipiadipia pa biamu bia mudimu bimpe, kuenza kabidi tshilaminu tshia bintu/tshitupa, ne kupingaja malu ebe mu tshilaminu tshia bintu.

Nomba ya tshimpitshimpi ya mu tshijengu ne mikenji ya bibambalu¶

Nkonko itubu bela misangu ya bungi¶

Ndishilangana kayi dilelela didi pankatshi pa "Kubueja dilongolola dia ku babende" ne "Kumbusha dilongolola dia ku babende" mu Dell PERC / MegaRAID?¶

Ela meji bua `Foreign` tshimanyinu bu mudi mulombodi wa RAID webeja ne: "Dilongolola dia RAID difunda pa biamu ebi kadiena dipetangana ne tshivulukilu tshia munda tshia karte kanyi to; ntshinyi tshidi tshilelela?" `Import Foreign Configuration` udi wambila mulombodi ne: "Disque dur idi ne bulelela. Kopa tshilongolola tshia RAID KU disque dur MU karte ka mulombodi ne ubandishe dîyi dianyi kuyi ujimija tshintu nansha tshimue." Ingidija `Import` Dîba dionso diuvua mupingaje karte ka RAID kafue, mushintulule biamu biebe bionso ku serveur mupiamupia, anyi mupete tshilumbu tshia power/backplane tshivua tshipangisha array webe uvuaku kale bua kubenga kuenza mudimu. `Clear Foreign Configuration` udi wambila mulombodi ne: "Busha metadata ya RAID ku biamu bia ku babende abi ne ubivuije bia tshianana `Unconfigured Good` diske." Ingidija `Clear` ANYI paudi ubueja tshiamu tshimue tshia mudimu (tshiangatshila ku tshiamu tshia kale tshidi katshiyi tshienza mudimu) mu tshiamu tshidi tshienza mudimu bimpe ne musue kujimija metadata ya kale ya tshiamu atshi bua tshikale tshienza kabidi bu tshiamu tshia mudimu tshia kapia.

Ndi mua kupatula biamu bianyi bionso bia SAS/SATA mu Dell PowerEdge R740 mufue (udi ne motherboard mufue) ne kubiela mu Dell PowerEdge R730 anyi R750 bua kuenza mudimu diakamue anyi?¶

Eyowa. Bidi bibikila ne Disk Roaming anyi Array Migration, ne SNIA `DDF` (Disk Data Format) metadata idi yenza bua ikale ya kueyemena mu Dell PERC (`H330`, `H730`, `H740P`, `H755`) ne Broadcom MegaRAID controllers, anu wewe mulonde mikenji isatu: (1) Funda tshiamu tshionso tshia mashinyi ne nomba wende mulelela (`Bay 0` kupitshila ku `Bay N`) ne kubueja mu tshilaminu tshia mudimu mu bulongame bua muomumue; (2) Tangila ni tshiamu tshia mudimu tshia RAID tshia tshiamu tshia mudimu tshidi mu tshitupa tshimue anyi tshipiatshipia ne tshidi tshikuatshisha tshipiminu tshia RAID tshidibu benze natshi mudimu; ne (3) Paudi utuadija pa tshiamu tshia mudimu tshia kupingana natshi, ubuele mu PERC BIOS, tangila Foreign Configuration, ne usungula `Import Foreign Configuration`.

Bua tshinyi HPE Smart Array uvua muleje "1785 - Slot 0 Drive Array Not Configured" ku POST, ne bua tshinyi udi ufina F2 lufu?¶

Pa Hewlett Packard Enterprise (`HPE`) ProLiant servers using Smart Array controllers, si SAS backplane power cable is loose or drive shelf takes too long to spin up on start, the controller display message POST bu mudi `1785 - Drive Array Not Configured` anyi `1789 - Disk Drive(s) Respond` kulonda kudi mishindu bu mudi `Press F1 to continue` anyi `Press F2 to accept data loss and re-enable logical drive`. Kufina nansha kakese `F2` kuyi mubale tshikebelu tshijalame bimpe: pa bipungu bia bungi bia Smart Array firmware, kufina `F2` padi biamu bia mashinyi kabiyiku bua tshitupa tshîpi, udi wambila mulombodi bua kuitaba dijimija dia kashidi dia volime udi mujimine anyi kutuadija kabidi metadata ya tshiamu tshia mashinyi. Pamutu pa nanku, ujimije nzembu diakamue, ulongolole tshiamu tshia SAS tshidi tshinyanguke anyi nzembu ya pambelu bua biamu bionso biendakana pamue, ne utuadije kabidi.

Ndi mua kuangata tshiamu tshimue tshia Hardware RAID 5 anyi RAID 10, kutshibueja mu USB-to-SATA dock mu ordinatere wanyi wa Windows, ne kukopa mikanda yanyi anyi?¶

Bua RAID 5, RAID 6, RAID 0, anyi RAID 10 (ne 4+ drives): Tòo. Mu milongo ya milonda, mukanda yonso udi munene kupita bunene bua milonda (`64 KB` ku `256 KB`) mmukosolola mu bitupa bikese bia 64-kilobyte mu biamu bionso musangu umue, mubueja ne bitupa bia XOR. Kubueja tshiamu tshimue tshia RAID 5 mu ordinatere wa Windows nekuleje tshitupa tshidi katshiyi mua kubala, ne wewe muele tshiamu tshia Windows Disk Management tshia "Initialize Disk (`MBR/GPT`)" popup on that single drive, you will overwrite the first sector of Stripe 0. (Exception only is a 2-drive RAID 1 Mirror: in a simple 2-drive RAID 1 mirror, disque yonso udi ne kopi mujima wa volime ne udi mua kuikala muteka anu ku dibala pa tshiamu tshia SATA/SA tshidi katshiyi tshia RAID, nansha muudi kuyi ne bua kufunda pambelu pa tshibandilu tshimuenekelu shi udi musue kutshipingaja mu karte ka RAID.)

Dilongolola dianyi dia RAID 5 didi dishala ku 47% ne tshiamu tshia mudimu katshiena tshiandamuna to. Ndi ne tshia kupingaja tshiamu tshia mudimu anyi kulekela dienza dia kabidi?¶

Tshia kumpala, kujimiji nzembu ya tshiamu tshia mashinyi pikala LED ya mudimu wa mashinyi itshidi anu ikenka. Padi tshiamu tshia RAID 5 anyi RAID 6 tshienda tshikepela (tshilejilu, tshipueka kumbukila ku 150 MB/sec too ne ku 0.5 MB/sec ku 47 pa lukama), bidi biumvuija misangu yonso ne: umue wa ku source drives udi mushale mmukuate tshitupa tshia secteur magnétique mutekete/udi unyanguka ne udi upitshisha sekonde 8 ku secteur mu ERC (`Error Recovery Control`) bala kabidi. Paudi utshidi anu ne mushindu wa kupeta volime udibu bateka pa réseau (nansha biobi bienda bitekete), diakamue enza kopi ya bintu biebe bia mushinga mukole bia kulama nabi bintu, mikanda ya makuta, ne malu adibu balongolole mu VM ku tshiamu tshia NAS anyi tshia USB tshishilangane mpindieu, bualu bikala tshiamu tshia source tshidi tshiluangana tshilekela tshishiki kumpala kua kufika ku 100 pa lukama, volime udibu bapingaje nealekele mudimu ne volime udi mua kupatuka.

Malu adi apetangana¶

• NAS RAID array munyanguke, multiple drive failure, ne ZFS/Btrfs recovery
• Tshiamu tshia patupu tshia VMDK, VHDX, ne QCOW2 tshinyangu tshia nshinga
• Dipanga dia disque dur ne dipingaja dia bintu
• SSD NVMe mushindu wa kubala anu mu tshimpitshimpi, 0% wa bipese bia tshianana, ne TRIM udi upangisha disungila

Miaba ne buludiki bua mbulamatadi¶

• Tshisumbu tshia mudimu wa dilama dia bintu (SNIA): Common RAID Disk Data Format (DDF) Technical Specification (Version 2.0), standardizing on-disk configuration metadata (COD) ne Foreign Configuration importing mu enterprise RAID controllers.
• Dell Technologies Enterprise Engineering Documentation: Dell PowerEdge RAID Controller (PERC 9 / 10 / 11 / 12) Mukanda wa mudimu: Dilombola dia malu a ku babende, tshisokomenu tshilama (Pinned Cache), ne Kujikija bilumbu bia RAID (SLN156890 / 000139251).
• Broadcom Inc. (kumpala LSI / Avago): MegaRAID SAS Software User Guide and StorCLI Mukanda wa tshikebelu (/cX/fall show preview ne /cX/fall import Mikenji ya dilongolola dia ku babende).
• Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE): HPE Smart Array SR Gen10 / Gen11 User Guide and Troubleshooting Guide (Reserved Information Sector RIS Metadata ne bilema bia POST 1785 ku 1799).
• Tshilongelu tshia ditunga tshia mikenji ne bia mudimu (NIST): Mukanda wa pa buawu 800-209 (Mikenji ya bukubi bua nzubu ya dilamina bintu) ne SP 800-88 Rev. 1 (Mikenji ya dilengeja dia bintu bia kumanyisha nabi malu).