Akụrụngwa RAID njikwa ọdịda: Ịbubata Configs mba ofesi na-ehichapụghị draịva gị¶

Mgbe kaadị njikwa ngwaike RAID nke ihe nkesa ụlọ ọrụ, dị ka ** Dell PowerEdge PERC (H730P, H740P, H755, H840, ** HPE ProLiant Smart Array (P408i-a, P440ar, E208i, MR416i, ma ọ bụ Broadcom / LSI / Avago MegaRAID (SAS 9361-8i, 9460-16i, 9560-16i, na-ata ahụhụ ọnwụ bọọdụ PCIe, ọdịda BBU / CacheVault supercapacitor, ma ọ bụ ọdịda voltaji azụ azụ na mberede, ị wụnye kaadị RAID nnọchi naanị ka ị hụ ihe nkwụsị BIOS tupu boot boot na ngwa ngwa dị egwu "Foreign configuration(s) found on adapter. Press any key to continue or 'C' to load the configuration utility", otu igodo na-ezighi ezi nwere ike ibibi terabytes nke ọdụ data mmepụta yana igwe mebere n'ihe na-erughị sekọnd abụọ. N'ime ụlọ ọrụ RAID ngwaike, geometry nke array's stripe (ọkwa RAID, usoro ụgbọ ala, 64 KB / 256 KB A na-echekwa nha nha, yana Logical Volume LBA boundary) ** abụọ ** na kaadị njikwa n'ụgbọ NVRAM mgbawa ** na ** na mpaghara zoro ezo na SAS / SATA / NVMe diski anụ ahụ akpọrọ ** Usoro data diski.DDF / COD, Nhazi na Disk) mpaghara metadata . Mgbe kaadị RAID nọchiri anya ọhụrụ (ma ọ bụ kaadị dị adị ka obere ọkụ azụ ụgbọ elu na-adịru nwa oge) na-akpụ akpụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ wee hụ draịva nke na diski. DDF Nọmba serial metadata adabaghị na NVRAM oghere nke kaadị ahụ, ọ na-egosipụta draịva ndị ahụ ka "Foreign" . Ọ bụrụ na onye nchịkwa ụjọ ji pịa "Mepụta Diski Ọhụrụ" ma ọ bụ "Bido" na-eche na ọ "na-ebuli" draịva ahụ, ma ọ bụ pịa "Kpochapụ nhazi nke mba ofesi" mgbe ha chọrọ ibubata ya, onye njikwa na-edegharị metadata on-disk wee wepụ isi isi diski Virtual. Ịmara kpọmkwem ọdịiche dị n'etiti Import Foreign Configuration na Clear Foreign Configuration, otu esi akpọ aha nọmba ụgbọ mmiri anụ ahụ tupu ịmetụ otu caddy aka, yana otu esi ejikwa ** Pinned / Dirty Write-Back Cache (BBU / CacheVault na **"Punctured Stripe" ọtụtụ mbanye draịva *** ga-eweghachite usoro gị n'ịntanetị na enweghị data efu. Ọ bụrụ na ọkụ eletrik nke ime ụlọ sava, UPS lithium-ion thermal runaway, ma ọ bụ ọkpọkọ mmiri gbawara, pụọ n'ime ụlọ ahụ wee kpọọ mpaghara gị. nọmba mberede (911 na United States na Canada, 999 na United Kingdom, 112 gafee European Union) ozugbo. Maka nhazi nchekwa agbakwunyere, igwe mebere, yana ihe mberede SSD, hụ ntuziaka anyị na NAS RAID array mebiri emebi, ọtụtụ ọdịda draịva, yana mgbake ZFS/Btrfs, igwe mebere VMDk, VHDX, na QCOW2 nrụrụ yinye foto, na SSD NVMe naanị ọnọdụ ọgụgụ na mberede na-egbochi nnapụta.

Mee nke a ugbu a¶

1. ** Ọ dịghị mgbe ịpịrị "ibido", "Fast Initialize", ma ọ bụ "Mepụta diski ọhụrụ" na draịva nwere data dị adị.** Na Dell PERC, Broadcom MegaRAID, na HPE Smart Array okwu, Initialize ọ pụtaghị "gbanye ma bulie diski" (dị ka ọ na-apụta mgbe ụfọdụ na ihe nketa macOS/Windows utilities). Na ngwaike RAID firmware, Initialize pụtara FORMAT AND ZERO OUT THE VIRTUAL DISK METADATA AND PARITY BLOCKS . Ọbụna 3-sekọnd "Initialization ngwa ngwa" na-edegharị megabyte nke mbụ na nke ikpeazụ nke ụda ezi uche, na-ekpochapụ tebụl nkebi GPT, VMware. VMFS nkụnye eji isi mee, Windows NTFS Ngalaba Boot Master File Table, ma ọ bụ Linux LVM2 / XFS ihe mgbochi.
2. ** Wepụta akara na-adịgide adịgide ugbu a wee dee akara oghere anụ ahụ / Bay Number (Bay 0, Bay 1, Bay 2...) na ọ bụla mbanye caddy TUPU ịdọrọ otu diski.** Mgbe oge a SNIA DDF metadata na-echekwa mkpado usoro na diski ọ bụla, nlebanya firmware ochie, ụgbọ elu azụ gbawara agbawa, ma ọ bụ mmeghari ihe mberede nke akwụkwọ ntuziaka.No-Init Recovery) dabere 100 percent na diski ọ bụla na-alaghachi na ** kpọmkwem nke mbụ Enclosure:Slot nọmba ọnụ ọgụgụ ***. Ewepụla draịva anọ n'ime ihe nkesa wee dokọba ha n'enweghị akara na tebụl.
3. ** Ewepụla draịva ahụike ma ọ bụ "ịrụgharị" ma tinyeghachi ya mgbe a na-akwado ihe nkesa ahụ ka ọ "nwale ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-atụgharị azụ."** Ozugbo ị na-ewepụ SAS/SATA caddy dị ndụ n'ime ụgbọ elu na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ maka ihe karịrị 5 sekọnd, onye na-ahụ maka RAID na-ede akara oge diski ahụ dị ka. Failed / Offline ma ọ bụ Foreign. Ọ bụrụ na otu draịva anwụọlarị n'usoro RAID 5 ma ị na-adọpụ ụgbọala nke abụọ iji lelee nọmba akụkụ ya mgbe ihe nkesa na-agba ọsọ, ** naanị ị gburu draịvụ nke abụọ n'anya onye njikwa wee tufuo olu RAID 5 dum **.
4. Ghọta oke iwu nke Import vs. ClearMgbe ị na-edochi kaadị RAID nwụrụ anwụ (ma ọ bụ mgbe draịva niile kwụsịrị na ntanetị ọnụ), ịchọrọ IMPORT. Mgbe ị na-etinye draịva mapụtara ejiri n'ime ihe nkesa na-agba ọsọ dị mma, ịchọrọ CLEAR.
5. Scenario A (Kaadị RAID nwụrụ wee tinye kaadị nnọchi, ma ọ bụ ike / ụgbọ elu glitch mere ka usoro gị niile gaa. Foreign): *** Ezi nhazi dị ndụ ** na diski (Configuration on Disk). Ị ga-ahọrọ Import Foreign Configuration yabụ kaadị nnọchi na-agụ usoro nhazi * site na diski * n'ime NVRAM ya.
6. ** Scenario B (Ihe nkesa gị na-aga nke ọma, 1 mbanye anwụọ, ma were draịva dochie anya nke ewepụtara na sava ochie ezumike nka n'ime Bay 4):** Mbanye eji dochie anya nwere metadata RAID ochie sitere na sava ezumike nka na ya (Foreign). Ọ bụrụ na ị pịa Import, ị ga-ebubata ihe nkesa mmụọ nke ochie lara ezumike nká. N'ọnọdụ B, ị họrọ Clear Foreign Configuration na otu diski nnọchi ahụ ka ọ bụrụ Unconfigured Good wee malite iwughachi dị ka ihe nchekwa ọkụ.
7. ** Ọ bụrụ na draịva abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa daa na ntanetị na RAID 5 (ma ọ bụ atọ na RAID 6), amanyela draịva ndị ahụ n'ịntanetị wee mee “Rebuild” tupu ijikwa draịva ọ bụla. ddrescue* Mgbe otutu draịva daa n'usoro n'ihi akụkụ ọjọọ (UREs, Unrecoverable Read Errors), ịmanye draịva kacha ochie daa azụ na ntanetị na-emepụta "Stale Data Desynchronization" ma ọ bụ "Punctured RAID Stripe" nke na-emebi ọdụ data kpamkpam. Gbadaa sava ahụ, tinye draịva na HBA na-abụghị RAID (IT-Mode Kaadị SAS), mechie draịva ọ bụla bit-for-bit ka ọ bụrụ faịlụ onyonyo, wee wughachi usoro ahụ na ngwa ngwa naanị ọgụgụ.

Osisi mkpebi: onye na-ahụ maka RAID ngwaike na ngbanwe nhazi nke mba ofesi¶

flowchart TD
    A["Ihe mberede RAID ngwaike: Kaadị njikwa nwụrụ ma ọ bụ BIOS na-akọ 'Achọtara nhazi nke mba ọzọ'"] --> B{"Gịnị kpatara mkpu 'Nhazi Mba Ọzọ' ji na-apụta?"}
    B -->|"Ikpe 1: Kaadị RAID nwụrụ anwụ dochie anya (ma ọ bụ bugharịa draịva niile na chassis nkesa na-anọchi anya)"| C["Ihe draịva anụ ahụ niile dị mma ma jide metadata nhazi nke ọma ('Nhazi na Disk')"]
    B -->|"Ikpe 2: Backplane / PSU Glitch kpatara ọtụtụ draịva na sava dị adị ka ọ daa na 'mba ọzọ' n'otu oge."| D["Ike mgbada nkesa -> Tọgharịa SAS Backplane Cables & Drive Caddies (N'ime oghere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọma) -> buut gaa na njikwa BIOS."]
    B -->|"Ikpe 3: Ị tinyela diski ngbanwe 1 ejiri mee ihe n'usoro na-agba ọsọ & nke ahụ 1 Disk na-ekwu 'Onye mba ọzọ'"| E["Mbubata: Na 1 disk na-ejide ochie metadata sitere na ihe nkesa ọzọ; họrọ 'CLEAR Foreign Config' ka ọ bụrụ ihe nchekwa ọkụ"]
    B -->|"Ikpe 4: Ọtụtụ draịva na-pịa n'ụzọ anụ ahụ / dara site na mperi mgbasa ozi (RAID 5 nwere diski ọjọọ 2+)"| F["Kwụsị: Amanyela n'ịntanetị ma ọ bụ wughachi; Tinye draịva na ọnọdụ IT-HBA, Clone All Disk site na ddrescue, na wughachikwa nke ọma"]
    C --> G["Tinye BIOS njikwa (iDRAC / Ctrl + R / F2 Ntọala Sistemụ) -> Mepee 'Nleba Nhazi nke Mba Ọzọ / Preview'"]
    D --> G
    G --> H{"Nyochaa ihuenyo nlele nke mba ofesi: draịva niile nke Virtual Disk dị na 'N'ịntanetị'?"}
    H -->|"Ee: draịva niile (ma ọ bụ N-1 na RAID 5/N-2 na RAID 6) dị"| I["Mezue 'IMPORT FORIGN CONFIGURATION' (Ọ dịghị mgbe pịa Clear ma ọ bụ ibido); Diski mebere ngwa ngwa na-adaba adabaghị"]
    H -->|"Mba: Ọtụtụ draịva ka na-egosi 'Ọ na-efu' na nhụchalụ"| J["MBUbata: Ewebatala eriri eriri na-ezughị ezu; mechie wee chọpụta nke draịvụ anụ ahụ na-akụghị"]

Ntụtụ aka nke onye na-ere ahịa: ka Dell PERC, Broadcom/LSI MegaRAID, na HPE Smart Array na-ejikwa metadata mba ofesi¶

Onye ọ bụla na-ere ihe nkesa nke ụlọ ọrụ na-eji okwu dịtụ iche na nhazi UEFI HII ya, Njikwa ỌpụpụiDRAC / iLO / XClarity), na ngwá ọrụ CLI (perccli / storcli / ssacli). Lelee tebụl ntụnyere onye na-ere ahịa tupu ịpị otu igodo:

Akwụkwọ egwuregwu 1: Nchekwa nzọụkwụ-site-nzọụkwụ "Mbubata nhazi nke mba ofesi" na Dell PERC & LSI MegaRAID¶

Mgbe ihe nkesa Dell PowerEdge ma ọ bụ Supermicro/Lenovo MegaRAID kwụsịrị na buut "Foreign configuration(s) found on adapter", soro nke a kpọmkwem ndepụta nlele ịwa ahụ 3:

Kwụpụ 1: Lelee LEDs Drive Physical and Spin-Up Status First¶

Tupu ịbanye na menu BIOS, gaa n'ihu chassis nkesa (ma ọ bụ mepee ** Dell iDRAC -> Nchekwa -> Disk anụ ahụ ) wee gụọ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri LEDs: - ** Gịnị kpatara usoro ahụ ji bụrụ Foreign na mbụ? - Ọ bụrụ na ị dochie kaadị PERC/MegaRAID nwụrụ anwụ (ma ọ bụ bugharịa draịva niile n'ime chassis ihe nkesa mapụtara), na-ahụ. Foreign na ** ihe niile ** draịva bụ 100 pasent nkịtị na atụ anya. - Agbanyeghị, ọ bụrụ na ịmeghị ** gbanweghị kaadị RAID wee maliteghachi ihe nkesa na mberede "Foreign configuration found", ọ pụtara ** ọtụtụ draịva kwụsịrị na ntanetị n'otu oge , na-abụkarị n'ihi SAS Mini-SAS HD rụrụ arụ (SFF-8643 / SFF-8654) eriri azụ azụ, ụgbọ okporo ígwè azụ azụ ọkụ na-ada ada, ma ọ bụ draịva abụọ merela agadi na-akụ akụkụ ọjọọ n'otu oge. - ** Ọ bụrụ na draịva ụgbọ ala gbara ọchịchịrị kpamkpam (anaghị agbagharị): Gbanyụọ ihe nkesa ahụ, kpughee draịvụ ahụ, chere 30 sekọnd, kwụghachi azụ caddy wee lelee eriri SAS backplane ike / data, wee laghachi azụ ka achọpụta diski anụ ahụ niile tupu ịlele mbubata ahụ.

Kwụpụ 2: Mepee ihuenyo "Nhụta nhazi nke mba ọzọ" (Ọ dịghị mgbe ọ bụla na-ebubata kpuru ìsì)¶

1. Bugharịa ihe nkesa wee pịa **F2 (Ntọala Sistemụ) *** na Dell PowerEdge 13G / 14G / 15G / 16G sava (ma ọ bụ Ctrl+R na okenye 11G / 12G BIOS sava).
2. Gaa na Device Settings -> [Your Dell PERC / MegaRAID Controller] -> Main Menu -> Configuration Management -> Manage Foreign Configuration -> Preview Foreign Configuration .
3. N'aka nke ọzọ, ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ike buo USB nnapụta Linux dị ndụ ma ọ bụ jikọọ site na SSH/OS, lelee nlele ahụ n'enweghị nsogbu site na iji ahịrị iwu. perccli ma ọ bụ storcli:

   # Show all detected Foreign Configurations and whether Virtual Disks are complete:
   perccli /c0/fall show all
   # Or on standard Broadcom MegaRAID:
   storcli /c0/fall show preview
   

4. Gụọ nke ọma ihuenyo nhụchalụ:
5. Lee anya na ** Virtual Disk (VD 0) ọnọdụ *** n'ime ihe nlebanya mba ofesi: ọ na-ekwu Optimal (draịva niile dị ugbu a) ma ọ bụ Degraded (dịka ọmụmaatụ, 5 nke 6 draịva dị na RAID 5, ma ọ bụ 6 nke 8 draịva dị na RAID 6)?
6. ** Iwu: ** Ọ bụrụ nlebanya mba ofesi na-egosi Virtual Disk ga-ebubata ka Optimal ma ọ bụ **Degraded (Mountable) ***, ọ dị mma ịga n'ihu na Nzọụkwụ 3.
7. ** Kwụsị Ọnọdụ: ** Ọ bụrụ nlebanya mba ofesi kwuru Offline / Incomplete n'ihi na * abụọ * draịva ka na-efu site na RAID 5 (ma ọ bụ * atọ * sitere na RAID 6), ** Kwụsị: emetụla Bubata ma.** Ịbubata mgbe ọtụtụ draịva na-efu ga-ebubata ihe gbajiri agbaji, nke a na-apụghị ịgbanye ma ọ bụ hapụ draịva efu na-enweghị mmekọrịta. Gbanyụọ ihe nkesa ahụ wee chọpụta ihe kpatara diski anụ ahụ na-efu anaghị ebu ụzọ na-agbago na azụ azụ.

Nzọụkwụ 3: Mee Import Foreign Configuration¶

1. Ozugbo ihuenyo nhụchalụ gosipụtara na Virtual Disk ezuola (ma ọ bụ mebie nke ukwuu), pịa Import Foreign Configuration ma gosi ozugbo (ma ọ bụ gbaa ọsọ perccli /c0/fall import / storcli /c0/fall import).
2. N'ime 3 ruo 5 sekọnd, onye njikwa na-agụ DDF metadata sitere na diski anụ ahụ, na-ede maapụ eriri n'ime NVRAM nke onye njikwa, na-atụgharị draịva ahụ site na. Foreign laghachi na Online, wee weta Virtual Disk Optimal (ma ọ bụ Degraded, dị njikere maka nkwado ndabere ozugbo).
3. Malitegharịa ihe nkesa; sistemụ arụmọrụ gị (VMware ESXi, Windows Server, Proxmox / Linux) ga-agbapụ ozugbo site na ụda adịghị emebi emebi na-enweghị otu byte efu.

Akwụkwọ egwuregwu 2: Gịnị ma ọ bụrụ na mmadụ pịnyere "Clear Foreign Configuration" (ma ọ bụ NVRAM + DDF metadata na-ehichapụ ha abụọ)?¶

Gịnị ma ọ bụrụ na obere technician ụjọ na-atụ na 2:00 AM, hụrụ "Foreign configuration found", pịa Clear Foreign Configuration (na-ehichapụ ihe ndị ahụ DDF RAID metadata gbanyụọ diski ya mere draịva ọ bụla na-ekwu ugbu a Unconfigured Good), na Virtual Disk gị niile apụọla?

Ekwela ka ike gwụ gị; data gị ka dị 100% na efere efere. Ịpị Clear Foreign Configuration naanị na-ehichapụ obere DDF ngalaba nhazi na njedebe nke diski; ọ naghị emetụ eriri data onye ọrụ aka (*LBA 0 site na njedebe nke nkebi gị).

Agbanyeghị, ** otu mmegharị na-ezighi ezi n'oge mgbake ga-emebi ihe niile ***. Nke a bụ protocol mgbake data ọkachamara nke ọma mgbe ehichapụrụ nhazi RAID ngwaike:

Usoro 1 (Kachasị mma - 100% Ihe ize ndụ efu gaa na diski izizi): Megharịa ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ site na naanị HBA na-agụ + R-Studio / UFS Explorer / mdadm¶

Ndị injinia mgbake data ọkachamara ** ọ dịghị mgbe ọ bụla *** nnwale na "ịmeghari usoro ahụ" na diski mmepụta ndụ n'ime onye na-ahụ maka RAID BIOS ma ọ bụrụ na ha abụghị pasent 100 nke ụfọdụ usoro mbanye, nha nha (64 KB, 128 KB, 256 KB), na ntughari ntughari (Left Asymmetric vs Left Symmetric). 1. Gbanyụọ ihe nkesa ahụ wee wepụ draịva ndị nwere nọmba. 2. Jikọọ draịva na ebe arụ ọrụ nwere ihe nkwụnye ụgbọ ala na-abụghị RAID SAS Host (HBA, dị ka LSI 9207-8i / 9300-8i gbanyere ọkụ IT-Mode Initiator-Target passthrough firmware)** yabụ sistemụ arụmọrụ na-ahụ diski onye ọ bụla raw ozugbo na-enweghị RAID BIOS na-egbochi ya. 3. Mepee UFS Explorer RAID Recovery ma ọ bụ R-Studio Technician: - Ngwa abụọ a arụnyere n'ime ** Dell PERC, LSI MegaRAID, na HPE Smart Array Heuristic Stripe-Order Detectors ** na-enyocha ngalaba akụrụngwa, chọpụta usoro ịnya ụgbọ ala na-akpaghị aka, 64 KB / 256 KB nha ngọngọ straipu, ntughari nchikota, na DDF bido degharịa na ebe nchekwa naanị ọgụgụ, ma hapụ gị ** detuo ihe niile nke gị .vhdx, .vmdk, SQL ọdụ data, na faịlụ ozugbo na virtualized array gaa na ndabere NAS ** na-enweghị ide otu byte na mbụ SAS draịva.

Usoro 2 (“Mepụtaghachi Virtual Disk na-enweghị mmalite” Ngwa ngwaike - naanị mgbe amaara 100% nke paramita)¶

Ọ bụrụ na ị nweghị IT-Mode HBA ma ị maara na ** 100 pasent doro anya ** nhazi nhazi nke Dell PERC / LSI MegaRAID array (site na mbupụ. iDRAC TSR [Nkwupụta Nkwado Teknụzụ] ndekọ ma ọ bụ wuo mpempe akwụkwọ: kpọmkwem usoro nhazi Physical Disk Bay, ọkwa RAID, nha nha nke Stripe (dịka ọmụmaatụ, 64 KB na PERC H730 ma ọ bụ 256 KB na H740P], na Amụma Ọgụgụ/dee): 1. Na MegaRAID / PERC BIOS utility, mepee Create New Virtual Disk . 2. Họrọ kpọmkwem otu ọkwa RAID, otu diski anụ ahụ kpọmkwem ** n'otu usoro ahụ , yana otu nha nha nha (64 KB / 256 KB). 3. ** Nhazi NDỤ-Ọnwụ: N'okpuru Initialization igbe ndọda, hụ na edobere ya na NO INITIALIZATION (Hapụ dị ka No / None; ** Ọ dịghị mgbe** họrọ Fast Initialize ma ọ bụ Full Initialize). 4. Mgbe ị mepụtara diski mebere na njikwa LSI/PERC yana Initialization = No, onye njikwa na-ede ihe ọhụrụ DDF nkụnye eji isi mee metadata n'ime ngalaba echekwara na njedebe diski ahụ ebe ** na-ahapụ 100 pasent nke data onye ọrụ nọ n'okpuru na-egbochighị ya**. 5. Banye n'ime USB USB na-agụ naanị Linux Live (SystemRescue*** mbụ na-agba ọsọ lsblk -f ma ọ bụ fdisk -l: ọ bụrụ gị NTFS, VMFS, ma ọ bụ XFS Nkebi na-apụta ozugbo na akara sistemụ faịlụ ha adịghị emebi emebi, geometry straipu dakọtara. (Rịba ama: Amala * bido nyocha nkwụsi ike nke ndabere ndabere ruo mgbe ị kwadochara data niile dị oke mkpa, n'ihi na ọ bụrụ na ị chepụtara nha nke mperi na-ezighi ezi ma ọ bụ usoro draịva na-ezighi ezi, nlele na-agbanwe agbanwe ga-edegharị ezigbo ngọngọ data nwere njiri mara mma.)

Akwụkwọ egwuregwu 3: Ijikwa ''Mkpu Mbanye ọtụtụ'' na RAID 5/RAID 6 yana ọnyà ''Punctured Stripe''¶

Kedu ihe ma ọ bụrụ na 6-drive RAID 5 aray zuru ezu Offline / Dead n'ihi na Drive 2 dara ọnwa atọ gara aga *** (ma ọ nweghị onye hụrụ n'ihi na ahazighị ọkwa email) yana ** Drive 4 bidoro ịtụba Njehie Media (Bad Blocks / Sense Code 03/11/00) ututu a?

Nzọpụta 4-nzọụkwụ echekwabara maka ọtụtụ RAID wụsara ọtụtụ draịva:¶

1. ** Bupụ akwụkwọ ndekọ TTY / mmemme onye njikwa (perccli /c0 show termlog ma ọ bụ iDRAC TSR) Mbụ:**
2. Tupu ị metụ steeti draịva ọ bụla aka, gụọ ndekọ njedebe firmware nke onye njikwa (termlog). Lelee akara ngosi oge mgbe mbanye ọ bụla si Online ka Failed ma ọ bụ Foreign.
3. Iwu isi: *** Mbanye ahụ kwụsịrị na-anọghị n'ịntanetị ** Ikpeazụ *** (nke na-adịbeghị anya, dịka ọmụmaatụ, nkeji iri gara aga taa) nwere data ọhụrụ 99.999% yana ọ bụ naanị ** naanị *** enwere ike ịmanye azụ na ntanetị (ma ọ bụ cloned) n'enweghị nsogbu iji bulie olu. Ụgbọ ala ahụ nwụrụ izu ma ọ bụ ọnwa ole na ole gara aga (Stale Drive) ga-anọrịrị ** pụọ n'usoro.
4. ** Kpochie ihe "Adabara Na nso nso a" na-adaba na diski oghere dị mma na-eji. ddrescue (Site na ọnọdụ IT-HBA):**
5. N'ihi na draịva ahụ kwụsịrị nkeji iri gara aga na-adakarị n'ihi obere akụkụ ọjọọ ndị a na-agụghị agụ (UREs), ịmanye na ịnya ụgbọ ala na-ada ada n'ịntanetị n'ime kaadị RAID na ịgbalị ịmegharị RAID nke awa 14 ga-eme ka ndị isi gụọ ya kụrie ma nwụọ kpamkpam mgbe nkeji iri abụọ gachara.
6. Kama, tinye draịva ahụ na-ada ada (yana draịva ndị ọzọ dị ndụ) na onye na-abụghị RAID IT-Mode SAS HBA ma jiri GNU ddrescue (ddrescue -d -r1 /dev/sdX drive4_clone.img drive4.map) iji gosi 99.9999% nke ngalaba ya nwere ike ịgụ na draịva dị mma ma ọ bụ faịlụ onyonyo, na-awụ nke ọma n'akụkụ akụkụ ọjọọ 3 ma ọ bụ 4 na-emebighị ọgbakọ isi.
7. ** Bulie n'usoro nke Cloned na ọnọdụ ọgụgụ naanị ma detuo data dị mkpa tupu iwughachi: ***
8. Ozugbo draịvụ draịva na-ada ada (ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na ị na-amanye draịva na-adịbeghị anya n'ịntanetị na njikwa BIOS), ** bulie olu OS na ọnọdụ Ọgụgụ-naanị ** (mount -o ro,norecovery) ma chụpụ ọdụ data gị kachasị mkpa, .vhdx/.vmdk faịlụ, na òkè ndekọ ego na NAS mpụga ** ozugbo ***.
9. ** Otu esi ekpochapụ "Array Punctured" Mgbe ịkwado data gị: **
10. Ozugbo Dell PERC ma ọ bụ LSI MegaRAID Virtual Disk enwetala ** Punctured Stripe ** (gosiri na ndekọ njikwa site na Patrol Read can't fix bad block ma ọ bụ Strip is punctured), ** enweghị ego draịva na-agbanwe agbanwe ma ọ bụ na-eme nyocha ngbanwe ga-ewepụ ọkọlọtọ ntụpọ na diski Virtual ***.
11. Mgbe ị kwadochara pasentị 100 nke faịlụ / VM gị n'usoro agbadoro agbadoro: ị ga-emerịrị ** Hichapụ Virtual Disk **, **Full-bulite diski ọhụrụ ọhụụ ** na draịva siri ike, megharịa ebe nchekwa data / nkebi, wee weghachi data gị na ndabere.

Nọmba mberede mpaghara na ụkpụrụ ụlọ ọrụ¶

Ajụjụ a na-ajụkarị¶

Kedu ihe dị iche n'etiti "Nhazi Mba Ọzọ" na "Nhazi Mba Ọzọ" na Dell PERC / MegaRAID?¶

Chee echiche banyere `Foreign` ọkọlọtọ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka RAID na-ajụ, sị: "Nhazi RAID nke edere na draịva ike ndị a adabaghị na ebe nchekwa dị n'ime kaadị m; kedu nke bụ eziokwu?" `Import Foreign Configuration` na-agwa onye na-ahụ maka njikwa ahụ: "Draịva siri ike na-ejide eziokwu ahụ. Detuo nhazi RAID SITE na draịva siri ike n'ime kaadị njikwa wee bulie olu m na-enweghị ihichapụ ihe ọ bụla." Jiri `Import` mgbe ọ bụla ị dochiri kaadị RAID nwụrụ anwụ, bugharịa draịva gị niile na sava ọhụrụ, ma ọ bụ nwee ike/azụ ụgbọ elu glitch kụrụ n'usoro dị adị na-anọghị n'ịntanetị. `Clear Foreign Configuration` na-agwa onye njikwa: "Hichapụ metadata RAID na draịva mba ofesi ndị ahụ wee tụgharịa ka ọ bụrụ oghere `Unconfigured Good` diski." Jiri `Clear` Naanị mgbe ị na-akwali otu draịva mapụtara (esi na sava ochie lara ezumike nká) banye n'ime ihe nkesa na-agba ọsọ dị mma ma chọọ ihichapụ metadata ochie nke otu mbanye mapụtara ka ọ nwee ike wughachi ya dị ka ihe nchekwa ọkụ.

Enwere m ike ịdọpụ draịva SAS/SATA niile n'ime Dell PowerEdge R740 nwụrụ anwụ (ya na nne nne nwụrụ anwụ) wee tinye ha na Dell PowerEdge R730 ma ọ bụ R750 mapụtara iji buo ihe nkesa m ozugbo?¶

Ee. A na-akpọ nke a Disk Roaming ma ọ bụ Array Migration, yana SNIA `DDF` (Ụdị Data Disk) metadata na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ntụkwasị obi n'ofe Dell PERC (`H330`, `H730`, `H740P`, `H755`) na Broadcom MegaRAID njikwa, ọ bụrụhaala na ị na-agbaso iwu atọ: (1) Kpọọ draịva ọ bụla na nọmba ọnụ mmiri ya.`Bay 0` site na `Bay N`) ma tinye ha n'ime ihe nkesa na-anọchi anya n'otu usoro ahụ; (2) Nyochaa na firmware onye na-ahụ maka RAID nke nkesa nọ n'otu ụdị ma ọ bụ nke ọhụrụ na-akwado ọkwa RAID ejiri; na (3) Mgbe buut na ihe nkesa nnọchi, tinye PERC BIOS, lelee nhazi nke mba ofesi, wee họrọ. `Import Foreign Configuration`.

Kedu ihe kpatara HPE Smart Array ji gosi "1785 - Slot 0 Drive Array adịghị ahazi" na POST, na gịnị kpatara ịpị F2 na-egbu egbu?¶

Na ụlọ ọrụ Hewlett Packard (`HPE`) Sava ProLiant na-eji Smart Array njikwa, ma ọ bụrụ na SAS backplane ike USB rụrụ arụ ma ọ bụ draịva shelf na-ewe ogologo oge iji tụgharịa na buut, onye njikwa na-egosiputa ozi POST dị ka. `1785 - Drive Array Not Configured` ma ọ bụ `1789 - Disk Drive(s) Respond` sochiri nhọrọ dika `Press F1 to continue` ma ọ bụ `Press F2 to accept data loss and re-enable logical drive`. Ya adịla mgbe pịa `F2` na-agụghị ozugbo ozugbo nke ọma: n'ọtụtụ ọgbọ firmware Smart Array, ịpị `F2` mgbe draịva na-efu nwa oge na-agwa onye njikwa ka ọ nabata mfu na-adịgide adịgide nke olu efu ma ọ bụ malitegharịa metadata mbanye ezi uche dị na ya. Kama, gbadaa ozugbo, dozie eriri SAS rụrụ arụ ma ọ bụ ike shelf mpụga ka draịva niile wee gbakọta ọnụ, wee malitegharịa.

Enwere m ike ịwepụ otu mbanye na ngwaike RAID 5 ma ọ bụ RAID 10, tinye ya n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri USB-to-SATA na Windows PC m, ma detuo faịlụ m na ya?¶

N'ihi na RAID 5, RAID 6, RAID 0, ma ọ bụ RAID 10 (na 4+ draịva): Mba. Na nkewa akara arrays, onye ọ bụla faịlụ ibu karịa straipu size (`64 KB` ka `256 KB`) bụ iberi n'ime obere rịbọn 64-kilobyte n'ofe draịva niile n'otu oge, jikọtara ya na ngọngọ XOR. Ịtụnye otu RAID 5 mbanye n'ime PC Windows ga-egosi nkebi na-enweghị ike ịgụ, ma ọ bụrụ na ị pịa Windows Disk Management's "Initialize Disk" na mberede.`MBR/GPT`)" popup na otu mbanye ahụ, ị ga-edegharị akụkụ mbụ nke Stripe 0. (Naanị dị iche bụ 2-drive RAID 1 Mirror: na 2-drive RAID 1 mirror, diski ọ bụla nwere akwụkwọ mpịakọta zuru ezu nke olu na enwere ike ịkwado ya na-agụ naanị na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na-abụghị RAID SATA / SAS, ọ bụrụ na ị ga-etinyeghachi ya n'azụ ụgbọ mmiri RAID, ma ọ bụrụ na ị ga-etinye ya n'azụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. kaadị.)

Nrụgharị RAID 5 m rapaara na 47% na ihe nkesa anaghị anabata ya. Ekwesịrị m ịmalitegharị ihe nkesa ma ọ bụ kagbuo nrụgharị ahụ?¶

Nke mbụ, agbanyụla ihe nkesa ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na LEDs ọrụ mbanye ka na-egbu maramara. Mgbe ngwaike RAID 5 ma ọ bụ RAID 6 na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-arị arị (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịdaba site na 150 MB / sk ruo 0.5 MB / s na pasent 47), ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mgbe niile na otu n'ime draịva na-adị ndụ abanyela na mpaghara magnetik na-adịghị ike / na-eweda ala ma na-etinye 8 sekọnd n'otu mpaghara na-arụ ọrụ ERC.`Error Recovery Control`) gụọ mbigharị. Mgbe ị ka nwere ike ịnweta olu agbakwunyere na netwọkụ (ọbụlagodi ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị ngwa), detuo ozugbo nchekwa data nchekwa data gị kachasị mkpa, faịlụ ego, na VM na-ahazi sava ahụ gaa na draịvụ NAS ma ọ bụ USB dị iche ugbu a, n'ihi na ọ bụrụ na draịvụ isi iyi ahụ na-adọga kwụsịrị kpamkpam tupu ya erute 100%, nrụghachi ahụ ga-akwụsị na olu nwere ike ịga na ntanetị.

Ntuziaka emetụtara¶

• NAS RAID array mebiri emebi, ọtụtụ ọdịda draịva, yana mgbake ZFS/Btrfs
• Igwe mebere VMDK, VHDX, na QCOW2 nrụrụ yinye foto
• Ike mbanye ọdịda na data mgbake
• SSD NVMe ọnọdụ naanị ịgụ na mberede, ihe mgbochi 0%, yana TRIM na-emebi nnapụta.

Isi mmalite na nduzi ọchịchị¶

• Otu ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ịkparịta ụka n'Ịntanet (SNIA): * Ụdị data diski RAID nkịtị (DDFNkọwa nka nka (Version 2.0)*, na-ahazi metadata nhazi na diski (COD) na mbubata nhazi nke mba ofesi gafee ndị na-ahụ maka RAID ụlọ ọrụ.
• Akwụkwọ Dell Teknụzụ Enterprise Engineering Document: * Dell PowerEdge RAID Controller (PERC 9 / 10 / 11 / 12) Ntuziaka onye ọrụ: Ijikwa nhazi nke mba ofesi, cache echekwara (Pinned Cache), na Idozi eriri RAID agbagoro (SLN156890 / 000139251)*
• Broadcom Inc. (nke bụbu LSI / Avago): MegaRAID SAS Ntuziaka onye ọrụ na ngwanrọ. StorCLI Akwụkwọ ntuziaka (/cX/fall show preview na /cX/fall import Iwu nhazi nke mba ofesi).
• Ụlọ ọrụ Hewlett Packard (HPE): HPE Smart Array SR Gen10 / Gen11 Ntuziaka onye ọrụ na nchọpụta nsogbu (Ngalaba ozi echekwara RIS Metadata na Koodu mperi POST 1785 ka 1799)
• National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST): * Nbipụta Pụrụ Iche 800-209 (Ntụziaka nchekwa maka nchekwa akụrụngwa) na SP 800-88 Rev. 1 (Ntuziaka maka idebe mgbasa ozi)*.