Ngwunye ọkpọkọ dị n'okpuru slab, ntanye ọla kọpa na mgbidi, yana nchọpụta mita mmiri¶

Ọ bụghị ihe mberede ọkpọ mmiri ọ bụla na-ekwupụta onwe ya site na geyser na-efesa n'ofe ala ụlọ. Abụọ n'ime ọdịda ụlọ obibi kacha emebi emebi, ** ọla kọpa ma ọ bụ ntọala PEX na-agbapụta ("slab leaks") *** na ** microscopic ọla kọpa pinhole leaks zoro ezo n'ime oghere stud drywall, nwere ike ịgbanye ** 2,000 ruo 15,000 lita (500 ruo 4,000 nke mmiri mmiri kwa ụbọchị). na-akpụ mgbidi maka izu ole na ole tupu otu mmiri mmiri apụta na kapeeti. N'ime oghere mgbidi, 0.5-millimita (0.02-inch) pinhole corrosion na Ụdị M ma ọ bụ Ụdị L ọla kọpa na-agbapụ agịga-mkpa, atomized jet nke mmiri na ** 345 ruo 550 kilopascals (50 ruo 80 pound kwa square inch / PSI)** megide azụ nke gypstuum n'ala efere, fiberglass na-egbuke egbuke n'ala. Igwe ọkụ eletrik 120-volt ma ọ bụ 230-volt zoro ezo dị mkpụmkpụ, yana ebu ojii na-egbu egbu (Stachybotrys chartarum) n'ime awa 48. N'okpuru ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala na-adọkpụ, mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ ma ọ bụ mmiri oyi na-asọpụta na-asachapụ ihe na-akwado oghere ala, na-aza ụrọ sara mbara, na-ebuli ihe ala simenti elu site na ọtụtụ centimeters, ma na-agba ọkụ ọkụ awa 24 kwa ụbọchị.

N'ihi na-adọwa mgbidi na-ezighi ezi ma ọ bụ ịkwanye n'ime ụlọ ụlọ siri ike na-enweghị ịkọwapụta sekit na-efunahụ puku kwuru puku dollar, onye nwe ụlọ kwesịrị usoro usoro ịgbapụ iche nke enweghị mbibi **. Site na ijikọta ** Water Meter Low-Flow Indicator ("Spin Test"), ** Main House Shutoff vs Curb Meter Isolation Test ** (nke na-egosi na 60 sekọnd ma ọnyà dị n'ime ụlọ / slab ma ọ bụ n'ihu yard ọrụ ahịrị), na ** Water Heater Cold-Inlet Isolation Tests na-agwa gị ozugbo (nke na-egosi na ọ bụ n'akụkụ ya). ma ọ bụ akụkụ mmiri oyi), ị nwere ike ịkwụsị mmebi ahụ ozugbo wee gbochie mbibi ihe owuwu ma ọ bụ ọkụ eletrik.

Mee nke a ugbu a¶

Ọ bụrụ na ị nụ ụda mkparị dị omimi n'ime mgbidi, nwee mmetụta na-ekpo ọkụ na-enweghị nkọwa na taịlị gị ma ọ bụ ụlọ osisi siri ike, hụ na-agba agba agba baseboard, ma ọ bụ nweta nnukwu ụgwọ mmiri ugbu a, mee usoro nchọpụta isii na njide ozugbo:

1. ** Gbanyụọ ọkpọ mmiri ọ bụla, ịsa ahụ, onye na-eme ice, igwe ịsa ahụ na oge ịgba mmiri n'ime ụlọ, wee gaa na Mita Mmiri gị **: Awụsala ụlọ mposi ọ bụla ma ọ bụ gbaa mmiri ọ bụla. Mepee igbe mita mmiri gị (ma n'ime ụlọ okpuru ulo / ụlọ ọrụ na ihu igwe oyi ma ọ bụ n'okpuru mkpuchi nkedo-iron/concrete dị nso n'ihu okporo ụzọ na ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ) wee hichaa oghere iko ahụ dị ọcha.
2. Lelee obere triangle na-acha uhie uhie / ọlaọcha / oji "triangle ma ọ bụ gia na ihu mita mmiri maka 60 sekọnd ***: Igwe mmiri ọ bụla nke oge a nwere obere ihe ngosi ihe ngosi dị ala ** (obere triangle uhie, kpakpando ọlaọcha, ma ọ bụ obere sweep dial) nke na-apụta n'ihu ma ọ bụrụ na ọbụlagodi ** 0.1 lita kwa nkeji na-aga n'ime nkeji nkeji 3. mita. ** Ọ bụrụ na ihe niile dị n'ime ụlọ ahụ kwụsịrị ma obere triangle ahụ na-agbagharị mgbe niile, ị ga-enweta mmiri na-arụ ọrụ.
3. ** Mee 2-Minute "House vs. Yard" Isolation Test site na imechi ime gị Main House Shutoff Valve ***: Gaa na ebe isi mmiri na-abanye n'ụlọ gị (mgbidi okpuru ala, ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala, akwa akwa akwa, ma ọ bụ mpụta hose bib riser) wee gbanye ** Main House Shutoff Valve ** n'ụzọ niile. Gaa laghachi na mita mmiri n'okporo ámá wee lelee triangle na-eru ala:
4. ** Ọ bụrụ na triangle mita ahụ kwụsịrị ịgbagharị **: Ntugharị ahụ dị ** n'ime ụlọ gị ma ọ bụ n'okpuru ntọala ntọala gị *** (n'okpuru valvụ ụlọ).
5. ** Ọ bụrụ na triangle mita ahụ na-aga n'ihu na-agbagharị ***: A na-eli oghere ahụ ** n'èzí n'ihu ụlọ gị ** n'etiti mita okporo ụzọ na mgbidi ụlọ (isi mgbawa ihe na-efesa n'okpuru ala, ihe mgbochi mgbawa azụ, na sinkhole ụlọ).
6. ** Ọ bụrụ na nkwụsị ahụ dị n'ime ụlọ ma ọ bụ n'okpuru slab, mechie Valve Water Inlet Valve n'elu mmiri mmiri gị iji nwalee Hot vs Lelee mita mmiri ọzọ:
7. ** Ọ bụrụ na mita ahụ kwụsịrị ịgbagharị (yana mkpọtụ mkparị ahụ kwụsịrị) ***: Ntugharị ahụ dị na ** Igwe ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ *** (na-abụkarị akaghị ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ). ** Hapụ naanị valvụ mgbaba mmiri ọkụ ọkụ ** (ma gbanwee igwe ọkụ eletrik na igwe na-agbaji ma ọ bụ igwe gas ka ọ bụrụ PILOT / Gbanyụọ) ka ị nwee ike mee ka mmiri oyi na-aga n'ụlọ mposi gị wee kpuo ruo mgbe onye na-egwu mmiri rutere.
8. ** Ọ bụrụ na mita ahụ na-aga n'ihu na-agbagharị ***: Ntugharị ahụ dị na ** Pipe mmiri oyi **; mechie valvụ nkwụsị mmiri nke isi ụlọ iji kwụsị idei mmiri nhazi.
9. **Tupu ịbiba n'ime mgbidi mmiri ọ bụla ma ọ bụ metụ ụlọ mmiri ahụ aka, gbanyụọ ọkụ sekit eletrik maka mpaghara mgbidi ahụ ***: Mwepu ọla kọpa na-arụ ọrụ n'ime mgbidi dị n'ime na-efesa mmiri ozugbo gafee eriri eletrik na-abụghị ọla (Romex), igbe njikọ, na mpụta mgbidi (ọkụ eletrik na ọkụ). Gbanyụọ sekit sekit alaka ụlọ ọrụ dị na isi panel gị tupu ị nyochaa mgbidi akọrọ ma ọ bụ ihichapụ ihu mmiri mmiri.
10. Gwuo oghere mmiri 6-millimita (¼-inch) n'ebe kachasị ala nke ọnya agba na-agba agba ma ọ bụ na-agbapụta n'uko n'elu ịwụ **: Ọ bụrụ na mmiri dị n'azụ agba mgbidi latex (na-akpụ balloon latex dị arọ, nke jupụtara na mmiri) ma ọ bụ ịkwakọba n'elu mpempe akwụkwọ a na-akpọ nkụ, gbanye ebe kacha ala n'elu mpempe akwụkwọ ahụ kama ịwụ mmiri n'ime mmiri na-achịkwa. gypsum drywall (n'elu ụlọ dara, mgbidi akọrọ nke mmiri kpuchiri, yana ihe ize ndụ nke plasta).

Osisi mkpebi nke ọma maka mwepu mita mmiri na nhụta slab/wall¶

Jiri usoro mgbapụ iche nke valvụ nzọụkwụ-a-nzọụkwụ a iji rụtụ aka kpọmkwem mpaghara mmiri mmiri zoro ezo n'ihe na-erughị nkeji ise.

flowchart TD
    Start["A na-enyo enyo na ọ na-agbapụta mmiri ezoro ezo (Mgbidi Hissing, Floor Floor, or High Bill)"] --> MeterCheck["1. Gbanyụọ faucet niile, ngwa ngwa na ịgba mmiri<br/>2. Nyochaa mita mmiri: Triangle/Star dị ala ọ na-agbagharị?"]
    MeterCheck -->|"Mba: Ọdụdọ maka nkeji iri na ise"| ToiletDrainCheck["Ọ bụghị nkwụsị nke ọkpọkọ na-aga n'ihu: Nwalee ụlọ mposi nwere agba nri na tank; MA ọ bụ na-enyo enyo na ọ na-agbapụta mmiri / ihe mkpofu / elu ụlọ (naanị na-awụpụ mgbe ejiri ihe ndozi ma ọ bụ n'oge mmiri ozuzo)"]
    MeterCheck -->|"Ee: Na-aga n'ihu"| CloseHouseMain["3. Mechie INTERIOR Main House Shutoff Valve (ebe ọkpọkọ na-abanye n'ụlọ) wee lelee Mita okporo ụzọ."]
    CloseHouseMain -->|"Mita na-eme ka ọ na-agbagharị"| YardLeak["LEAK IS IN BURIED YARD SERVICE LINE (between street meter and house): Close street curb stop valve and call plumber/utility"]
    CloseHouseMain -->|"Mita Kwụsị Ịtụgharị"| InsideHouse["Ngwunye dị n'ime ụlọ ma ọ bụ n'okpuru SLAB ntọala: Mepee ụlọ nkenke obere oge wee mechie Water Heater Cold-Inlet Valve"]
    InsideHouse --> HeaterTest{"Imechi valvụ mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ ọ na-akwụsị mita/ịsa ya?"}
    HeaterTest -->|"Ee: Nkwụsị mita"| HotPipeLeak["KWESỊRỊ KWESỊRỊ KWESỊRỊRỊ NA PIPE MMIRI NA-ekpo ọkụ / SLAB:<br/>1. Hapụ valvụ mgbaba mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ + gbanyụọ ọkụ ọkụ/gas agbanyụ<br/>2. Debe mmiri oyi n'ụlọ maka ụlọ mposi/sink<br/>3. Kpọọ onye na-achọpụta mmiri mmiri maka PEX Re-pipe ma ọ bụ nrụzi ntụpọ"]
    HeaterTest -->|"Mba: Mita ka na-agbagharị"| ColdPipeLeak["PIPE / Mgbidi PINHOLE:<br/>1. Mechie ụlọ mposi/akụkụ sink onye ọ bụla kwụsịrị ka ọ ghara ịgbasa flapper<br/>2. Ọ bụrụ na ọ ka na-agbagharị, mechie Main House Valve Gbanyụọ, gbuo igwe eletriki mgbidi, mepee oghere mmiri akọrọ ka ọ machie pinhole."]

Matriks atụnyere: n'okpuru-slab leak vs. n'ime mgbidi ọla kọpa pinhole vs. igbapu ahịrị ihipu¶

Ndị nwe ụlọ na-esirikarị ike ịmata ma mmiri mebiri n'ala ma ọ bụ mgbidi sitere na ọkpọkọ a na-etinye nrụgide, ọkpọkọ mmiri na-ekpocha ihe ọcha, ma ọ bụ n'ime ala mmiri na-agbapụta.

Miri miri 1: Otu esi agụ mita mmiri obibi iji tụọ oke ntapu¶

Mita mmiri ọ bụla nke ime obodo bụ ezigbo mgbapụ ma ọ bụ ngwa ultrasonic eruba. Ịmụta ka esi agụ akara ọkpụkpọ atọ dị na ihu mita mmiri gị na-enye gị ohere ịchọpụta n'ime ọnwa ole na-agbapụta pinhole tupu ọ rere ure gị.

   [STANDARD ANALOG / MECHANICAL WATER METER FACE]

        +---------------------------------------+
        |     [ 0 | 0 | 4 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 5 ]     | <-- Totalizer Odometer
        |            GALLONS / m³               |     (Billing Readout)
        |                                       |
        |                 ( 0 )                 |
        |              9    |    1              |
        |           8       |       2           |
        |                   |                   |
        |          7       (*)------->          | <-- Large Sweep Hand
        |              [*]                      |     (1 full turn = 10 Gal
        |          6   / \          4           |      or 0.1 Cubic Meters)
        |             /___\   5                 |
        |               ^                       |
        +---------------|-----------------------+
                        |
        [LOW-FLOW LEAK INDICATOR TRIANGLE / GEAR]
        (Spins visibly at flows as small as 0.05 L/min)

1. Ịgụ ihe Analog (Mechanical Dial) Mmiri mmiri¶

1. ** Ihe nchọpụta nkwụsị nke dị ala (triangle uhie, kpakpando ọla ọcha, ma ọ bụ ngwa ojii) ***:
2. N'ịbụ nke dị nso n'etiti ihu mita, a na-etinye obere ngwa a ozugbo na ọnụ ụlọ n'ime ma ọ bụ magnet turbine.
3. Ọ bụrụ na ịgbanyụọ ọkpọkọ ọ bụla wee lelee triangle a maka sekọnd 60 **:
   • ** Ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa : Na-egosi nkwụsịtụ na-agafeghị oke na nnukwu ( 2 ruo 15+ lita kwa nkeji / 0.5 ruo 4+ galọn kwa nkeji **), nke a na-ahụkarị nke mgbawa ọkpọkọ dị n'okpuru ma ọ bụ mgbawa ọkọnọ.
   • ** Ọ bụrụ na triangle ahụ adịchaghị ka ọ na-agagharị, see foto ekwentị nke kpọmkwem ebe triangle ahụ (ma ọ bụ aka na-ekpochapụ ogologo) na-atụ aka, chere ** nkeji 15 n'ejighị mmiri ọ bụla, wee see foto nke abụọ. Ọ bụrụ na aka ịsa ahụ si 2 ka 4 na ọkpụkpọ 10-galọn ihe karịrị nkeji iri na ise, ị na-atụfu ** 0.5 lita (0.13 galọn) kwa nkeji, ma ọ bụ lita 720 (galọn 190) kwa ụbọchị.

2. Ịgụ Digital Ultrasonic / Smart Water Meter (Sensus iPerl, Badger E-Series, Neptune Mach 10)¶

Ọtụtụ ihe eji arụ ọrụ mmiri ejirila ** igwe onyonyo LCD ultrasonic nke siri ike dochie mita igwe igwe. - ** Otu esi akpọlite ihuenyo LCD ***: mita dijitalụ na-etinyekarị ihe ngosi ha n'ụra n'okpuru mkpuchi olulu gbara ọchịchịrị. Na-enwu ọkụ ** ọkụ ọkụ LED na-enwu ozugbo na cell sensọ nke anyanwụ / anya na ihu mita (ma ọ bụ tụgharịa mkpuchi plastik meghere nke ọma n'ehihie) iji teta ọnụọgụ LCD. - ** Ịchọta akara ngosi Leak na Ọnụ Ọgụgụ Ndụ *: - Chọọ obere akara ngosi ** faucet *** ma ọ bụ okwu LEAK / RATE . - Akara ngosi ọkpọkọ na-egbuke egbuke ** pụtara na kọmputa dị n'ime mita ahụ achọpụtala mmiri na-aga n'ihu na-adịghị efu ruo awa 24 n'usoro. - Mita dijitalụ na-agbanwe n'etiti igosi ** mkpokọta mpịakọta ** (ruo otu puku galọn ma ọ bụ puku kwuru puku cubic mita, dịka, 001425.842) na ** Ọnụego mbugharị ozugbo (dịka ọmụmaatụ, 0.45 GPM ma ọ bụ 1.7 LPM). Ọ bụrụ na ọnụego ndụ na-egosi ihe ọ bụla ọzọ karịa 0.00 Mgbe valvụ ụlọ niile kwụsịrị, mmiri na-agbanahụ netwọkụ ọkpọkọ.

3. Na-achịchapụ #1 "Enweghị Ụgha Pinhole Leak": Flapper Na-agbachi nkịtị¶

Tupu i kwubie na mita mmiri na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agbagharị agbagharị na-akpata site na mgbanaka slab e liri ma ọ bụ pinhole mgbidi mgbidi, ** were 30 sekọnd nwalee ụlọ mposi gị ***: - Igwe rọba gbagọrọ agbagọ ** valvụ flapper ụlọ mposi ** (ma ọ bụ tube njuju) na-ahapụ mmiri ka ọ daa nwayọ nwayọ site na tankị poselin n'ime nnukwu efere na-enweghị ụda, na-atụgharị mita mmiri na 0.5 ruo 2 lita kwa nkeji. - ** Nnwale Nkwụsị nke Nkuku **: Gaa na ụlọ ịsa ahụ ọ bụla n'ime ụlọ wee tụgharịa obere oval chrome ** ụlọ mposi shutoff valve (nkwụsị akụkụ) ** na mgbidi n'azụ ụlọ mposi ọ bụla n'akụkụ elekere ruo mgbe emechiri emechi (ma ọ bụ dobe nri 5 na-acha anụnụ anụnụ / akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ n'ime tankị mposi ọ bụla wee chere 10 nkeji na-enweghị ịgbagharị iji hụ ma agba na-abanye n'ime nnukwu efere). Ọ bụrụ na imechi akwa ụlọ ịsa ahụ na-emechi valvụ na-akwụsị triangle mmiri ahụ kpamkpam, ị ga-achọ naanị $10 flapper dochie ụlọ mposi, ọ bụghị nrụzi slab $ 3,000 (nnukwu ọkpọ mmiri na-egbochi na oke eruba).

Miri miri 2: Ndabere ntọala n'okpuru slab ("slab leaks"): arụ ọrụ, akara ịdọ aka ná ntị, na ihe kpatara ị ga-eji gbanyeghachi ọkpọ n'elu.¶

N'ime ọtụtụ nde ụlọ otu akụkọ na ụlọ okpukpu abụọ nke e wuru n'elu ihe mgbakwasị ụkwụ ** ntọala ntọala ** (karịsịa n'ofe ndịda na ọdịda anyanwụ United States, Australia, na akụkụ nke Europe), ndị na-akụ plumbers tọrọ mgbanwe annealed ** Ụdị L ma ọ bụ Ụdị M akpọrepu ọla kọpa tubing ** ozugbo n'ime ájá / gravel bed ** n'okpuru 10 * - sentimita asatọ) ihe na-egbutu ọkpọkọ n'ime 10 * sentimita asatọ). mgbidi na ụlọ ịsa ahụ ọ bụla na nnukwu kichin.

1. Gịnị kpatara ọkpọkọ ọla kọpa e liri n'okpuru kọmpat na-ada ada mgbe afọ 15 ruo 35 gasịrị¶

1. ** Mgbasawanye / Nkwekọrịta Abrasion Against Concrete & Rocks ***: Mgbe ọ bụla mmadụ na-agbanye mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ, 50-degree-Celsius (122-degree-Fahrenheit) mmiri na-asọba na eriri ọla kọpa e liri, na-eme ka ọkpọkọ ọla kọpa gbasaa ogologo oge site na ọtụtụ millimeters, wee kwekọọ ka ọ na-ajụ oyi. Ihe karịrị afọ 20 nke na-akpụgharị azụ na azụ megide nkume gravel dị nkọ ma ọ bụ ebe ọkpọkọ na-abanye n'ime ite ihe na-enweghị ihe mkpuchi plastik na-echebe, mgbidi dị n'èzí nke ọla kọpa na-eyi akwụkwọ dị nro ma gbawaa.
2. ** Ala ike ike na Chemistry na Stray Electrolysis **: Acidic ma ọ bụ elu-sulfate ụrọ ala n'okpuru slab, jikọtara ya na ike ike ime obodo mmiri ọgwụgwọ chemicals (**chloramines ***, elu free chlorine, ma ọ bụ ala pH) n'ime ọkpọkọ, rie microscopic craters site ọla kọpa si n'akụkụ abụọ n'otu oge.
3. **Kinked Factory Bends *: Mgbe onye nrụnye mbụ gbadara ọla kọpa dị nro na-agbago elu na radius siri ike ka ọ banye n'ime mgbidi ụlọ ịsa ahụ n'azụ ihe efu, radius dị n'ime ya na-akụkarị ntakịrị, na-eke ọgba aghara dị n'ime mmiri dị elu ( erosion-corrosion ***) nke na-egbutu oghere ozugbo na mgbidi mgbidi.

2. The 5 kpochapụwo ịdọ aka ná ntị ịrịba ama nke na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru-slab ntapu¶

   [ANATOMY OF AN UNDER-SLAB MANIFOLD LEAK & OVERHEAD PEX BYPASS]

        [Ceiling / Attic Joists]
        +=====(New PEX Pipe Routed Overhead Through Wall/Attic)=====+
        |                                                           |
   [Wall Manifold A]                                       [Wall Manifold B]
   (Cap Old Stubs)                                         (Cap Old Stubs)
   =====X===========================================================X=====
   \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ [10 cm / 4 in Concrete Floor Slab] \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
        |                                                           |
        +-----------(Old Buried Copper Loop)---[ * LEAK * ]---------+
                    (Abandoned in place -> Zero jackhammering)

• ** Ihe ịrịba ama 1: Ebe na-ekpo ọkụ na-enweghị nkọwa n'elu ụlọ ***: Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eje ije n'ụkwụ efu n'ofe tile seramiiki, vinyl plank, ma ọ bụ ụlọ osisi siri ike ma nwee mmetụta nke ebe obibi ** 1-square-mita (10-square-foot) nke ala na-ekpo ọkụ **, mgbanaka ọla kọpa na-ekpo ọkụ na-efesa-50 (120-degree-Fahrenheit) mmiri n'okpuru ebe a na-emepụta ihe, na-ekpo ọkụ nkume dị ka ikpo ọkụ n'ala.
• ** Ihe ịrịba ama 2: Ịkụ osisi Hardwood, Vinyl Glue Failure, or Darkening Grout Lines *: Mmiri a na-agbanye n'okpuru ebe ahụ na-eme ka mmiri na-agbago elu site na pores microscopic na ihe ( hydrostatic vapor drive **), na-atụgharị tile gray gray grout ọchịchịrị isi awọ, na-eme ka osisi n'ala ala na-agbago n'akụkụ ma ọ bụ na-arị elu na mmiri mmiri. wee gaba n'ihu.
• ** Ihe ịrịba ama 3: ụda mmiri na-aga n'ihu na mmiri na-agba ọsọ na Bathroom Manifold ***: Ọbụlagodi mgbe ọkpọ ụlọ ịsa ahụ ọ bụla kwụsịrị, na-etinye ntị gị (ma ọ bụ iko mmanya na-atụgharị / screwdriver) megide ọkpọkọ ọla kọpa n'ime kabinet ihe efu ma ọ bụ n'azụ mgbidi ịsa ahụ na-egosi oke, na-aga n'ihu ** shhhhhh *** vibration ebufe n'akụkụ mgbawa ọla kọpa n'okpuru tubing ahụ.
• ** Ihe ịrịba ama 4: Mmiri na-esi na mpụta ntọala dịpụrụ adịpụ ***: Mgbe ụfọdụ, mmiri nke tọrọ n'okpuru slab na-esote akwa ájá n'akụkụ wee banye n'okporo ụzọ mpụta, patio, ma ọ bụ flowerbed n'akụkụ ala ala nke stucco mputa ma ọ bụ brik siding, ọbụlagodi n'ime izu akọrọ.
• ** Ihe ịrịba ama 5: Ntọala Heave na Diagonal Drywall Cracks ***: Ọ bụrụ na achọpụtaghị oghere dị n'okpuru ebe a na-ahụghị maka izu n'elu ** ala ụrọ gbasaa ** (dị ka ụrọ montmorillonite), ụrọ na-amịkọrọ mmiri ahụ wee zaa elu na nnukwu ike hydraulic, na-ebuli akụkụ nke slab nke ihe dị n'ime ụlọ na 3 centimeters n'ime ime ụlọ 1 ruo 1 centimeters. okpokolo agba, na mgbidi akọrọ na-agbawa n'elu ọnụ ụzọ (mmebi ihe owuwu na ọdịda).

3. Gịnị kpatara "Capping na Re-Routing Overhead with PEX" ji kụrie ala ụlọ gị.¶

Mgbe onye na-akụ pọmpụ na-akwado na akụrụngwa na-ege ntị nke eletrọnịkị yana ikuku ikuku / helium tracer gas na otu akaghị aka ọla kọpa na-agbapụta, ha ga-enyekarị nhọrọ nrụzi abụọ: 1. **Nhọrọ A: Direct Access Spot Repair (Jackhammering the Slab) ***: Imepe oghere 60-by-60-centimeter (2-by-2-ụkwụ) site na tile/hardwood floor na kọmpụta gị, na-egwu ala na ọkpọkọ ọla kọpa, brazing na njikọta nrụzi, na ịwụsa patch kọmpụta. - ** Gịnị kpatara ndozi ntụpọ na-abụkarị mmejọ na ọla kọpa ochie ***: Mkpebi ọla kọpa e liri 8-mita (ụkwụ 26) bụ otu afọ, ọkpụrụkpụ mgbidi na steeti corrosion. Ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ ochie, nke na-agbaji agbaji nwere ọkụ brazing oxy-acetylene na-emesikwa ọkpọkọ dị n'akụkụ, na-ebutekarị ** slab slab nke abụọ 1 mita n'ime ọnwa 6 ruo 18 ***. 2. Nhọrọ B: Ọtụtụ Capping na n'elu PEX Re-ụzọ (Omume Kasị Mma akwadoro): - Na-emetụghị jackhammer aka na slab nke ala gị, onye na-akụ pọmpụ ahụ chọtara njikọ abụọ dị n'elu ** njikọ dị iche iche ** ebe otu oghere ahụ liri na-amalite ma kwụsị (na-emekarị n'azụ mgbidi ụlọ ịsa ahụ na n'azụ igwe ọkụ ma ọ bụ kichin). - Onye na-egwu mmiri na-egbutu ma na-ekpuchi ya na nsọtụ abụọ nke ọkpọkọ ọla kọpa e liri n'elu slab ahụ, na-ahapụ akaghị ọla kọpa nwụrụ anwụ n'okpuru ihe ahụ ruo mgbe ebighị ebi, ma na-agba ọsọ ọhụrụ, na-agbanwe agbanwe ** polyethylene jikọtara ya (PEX-A ma ọ bụ PEX-B) ọkpọkọ ** gbagoro site na mgbidi mgbidi na n'ofe elu ụlọ / ọnụ ụlọ dị mma iji jikọta mani abụọ.

Miri miri 3: mwepu ọla kọpa dị n'ime mgbidi yana njigide nwa oge mberede¶

Mgbe ọkpọkọ ọla kọpa na-etolite ** pitting corrosion ** n'ime oghere mgbidi kwụ ọtọ (nke chloramine / chlorine mmiri kemịkalụ na-akpata, ihe fọdụrụ n'ime nkwonkwo a na-ere ere, ma ọ bụ nrụgide mmiri dị elu na-agba ọsọ karịa 550 kPa / 80 PSI), obere pinhole na-emepe emepe wee fesa alụlụ dị mma n'ime mgbidi.

Otu esi ekpughe na machie mgbaka ọla kọpa pinhole n'ime nkeji iri (ọ bụrụ na ị ga-edobe mmiri na ya)¶

Ọ bụrụ na imechi valvụ mmiri isi ụlọ na-akwụsị nkwụsị ahụ, ** idobe valvụ mmiri isi agbanyụ (ma mepee ya maka nkeji 2 naanị mgbe mmadụ kwesịrị ịkwanye ụlọ mposi ma ọ bụ jupụta ihe ọṅụṅụ mmanya) *** bụ ụzọ kachasị nchebe ruo mgbe onye na-egwu mmiri rutere. Agbanyeghị, ọ bụrụ na ikpughepula ọkpọkọ ọla kọpa na-agbapụta n'ime ụlọ elu mepere emepe ma ọ bụ ka ebipụchara square nke mmiri akọrọ (ya na ndị na-emebi ọkụ eletrik) wee chọọ akara nrụgide mberede mberede:

   [EMERGENCY PINHOLE PIPE CLAMP METHODS]

   METHOD 1: Rubber Sheet + Stainless Worm-Gear Hose Clamp
   ========================================================
   =========+================+=========  <-- Copper Pipe
            |[==============]|           <-- 3 mm thick EPDM Rubber Pad
            | [====Clamp===] |               centered over pinhole, cinched
            +================+               tight with screwdriver/nut driver

   METHOD 2: Saddle Valve / Split-Bolt Pipe Repair Clamp
   METHOD 3: Self-Fusing Silicone Rescue Tape + Epoxy Putty (Pipe DRY only)

1. ** Ihe mkpuchi roba EPDM na igwe anaghị agba nchara (na-arụ ọrụ ọbụlagodi mgbe mmiri na-efesa) ***:
2. Ị naghị ** Ọbụlagodi na ị ga-ekpochapụ ọkpọkọ maka akara igwe a ka ọ rụọ ọrụ.
3. Bee ihe dị ka sentimita 5-na-5 (2-na-2-inch) nke rọba siri ike: ochie ** ọkpọ n'ime ime ụgbọ ala gbakọtara na ọkara **, ihe na-asa akwa ** ubi **, mpempe osisi ** mgbidi hose ubi ***, ma ọ bụ ** neoprene plumbing gasket ***.
4. Kechie ihe mgbochi rọba ahụ nke ọma n'elu oghere na-efesa na ọkpọkọ ọla kọpa.
5. Mepee ọkọlọtọ ** igwe anaghị agba nchara worm-gear hose mwekota ** (ma ọ bụ njikọ zip abụọ dị arọ na-esote C-mwekota ma ọ bụ mkpuchi Vise-Grip pliers nke ejiri osisi kpuchie ya), kechie eriri nchara ozugbo n'etiti etiti rọba ahụ n'elu pinhole, wee mee ka worm-gear kpochie nke ọma na ihe nkedo 6-inch (5mm) na-akpakọba ọla kọpa ahụ wee bepụ ihe na-efesa ahụ kpamkpam (gbawara ọkpọkọ).
6. **Ndụmọdụ Pensụl + Ọkpụkpọ Mgbochi maka oghere corrosion buru ibu ***:
7. Ọ bụrụ na olulu corrosion na ọkpọkọ ọla kọpa dị 2 ruo 3 millimeters n'obosara (nke dị oke maka rọba dị mkpa naanị), jiri nwayọọ pịa njedebe rọba dị nro (ma ọ bụ ọnụ ọnụ cone osisi whittled) nke pensụl ọkọlọtọ ma ọ bụ obere brass / igwe anaghị agba nchara nke a na-etinye na teepu Teflon n'ime oghere, ma ọ bụ gbanye eriri roba na-enweghị ntụpọ n'elu ya.
8. ** Gịnị kpatara na teepu silicone ma ọ bụ Plumbing Epoxy na-ada ada ma ọ bụrụ na etinyere ya na ọkpọkọ mmiri mmiri.
9. Ụlọ ahịa ngwaike na-ere teepu nrụzi ọkpọkọ na-arụ ọrụ fiberglass na osisi epoxy putty nwere akụkụ abụọ. ** Ha ga-ada n'otu ntabi anya ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-agbalị kechie ha n'elu a ọkpọkọ mgbe 60 PSI mmiri na-efesa si pinhole.** Iji jiri epoxy putty ma ọ bụ onwe-fusing silicone nnapụta teepu, ị ga-ebu ụzọ ** mechie isi ụlọ mmiri valvụ **, ** imeghe nke kasị ala mmiri mmiri n'ime ụlọ (dị ka a okpuru ulo utility sink ma ọ bụ n'èzí wụsa mmiri n'èzí steepụ), mmiri na-agbapụta n'èzí stabtical. jiri akwa kpoo ọla kọpa ahụ kpamkpam, tinye nrụzi ahụ, ma chere oge ọgwụgwọ zuru oke tupu iji nwayọọ gbanye mmiri ahụ.

Ndepụta nhazi nke ihicha na mgbochi ebu gachara¶

Ozugbo oghere n'okpuru slab ma ọ bụ pinhole dị n'ime mgbidi dịpụrụ adịpụ ma ọ bụ mechie, ị nwere windo elekere ** 24 ruo 48 siri ike iji kpoo ihe owuwu ahụ tupu ịmalite ịchịkọta ihe na-adịgide adịgide.ebu mgbe mmiri mebiri emebi):

• ** Wepụ bọọdụ mmiri dị mmiri wee gbanye ma ọ bụ bepụ eriri ikuku 10 cm (inch 4) na ala nke mgbidi akọrọ mmiri ***: Mmiri nke tọrọ n'ime oghere mgbidi enweghị ike ịpụ site na mgbidi akọrọ na vinyl baseboards. Wepụ ihe dị n'ala ala ala, bee 5-na-10-centimeter (2-na-4-inch) oghere oghere n'akụkụ ala nke mmiri akọrọ dị n'elu efere ala, ma wepụ ihe mkpuchi fiberglass mmiri na-ekpuchi mmiri (cellulose mmiri ma ọ bụ fiberglass nke a na-ejide megide studs osisi na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ na-emepụta ihe n'ime awa 48).
• ** Na-agba ọsọ ndị ọkpọ igbe dị elu ma ọ bụ ndị na-ebugharị ikuku squirrel na-emechi ọnụ ụlọ mechiri emechi : Ebumnuche ndị na-eme ihe n'ime oghere oghere mepere emepe na n'ofe mmiri mmiri ka ha na-eji windo mpụta nke azụmahịa ma ọ bụ nnukwu ebe obibi na windo mpụta niile ** emechiri emechi ** (imeghe windo n'ụbọchị iru mmiri na-eweta oke mmiri na-agụ n'ime ụlọ 6) ruo mgbe obere mmiri 1. mmiri ọdịnaya n'ime osisi akpụ akpụ studs.
• ** Jiri nlele $12 nwalee nrụgide mmiri dị n'ụlọ gị n'ime eriri mmiri dị n'èzí ***: Gwakọta ihe nlele mmiri ọ bụla n'ime eriri mmiri ọ bụla n'èzí wee gbanye faucet nke ọma (na-enweghị mmiri na-agba ọsọ n'ime). Nrụgide mmiri obibi nkịtị bụ ** 310 ruo 415 kPa (45 ruo 60 PSI) . Ọ bụrụ na nlele gị na-agụ ** ihe karịrị 550 kPa (80 PSI) *** (ma ọ bụ spikes n'elu 100 PSI n'abalị mgbe mgbasawanye ọkụ na-eme na ọkụ ọkụ), brass nke ụlọ gị ** Pressure Reducing Valve (PRV) adaala, nke na-eme ka ọnya pinhole ọla kọpa na-agbapụ ma na-ekpochapụ ọkpọkọ igwe.igwe na-asa efere na igwe ịsa akwa gbawara na kichin ide mmiri).
• Wụnye eriri mmiri Wi-Fi nke batrị na-enye batrị n'okpuru igwe na-ekpo ọkụ, sink, na igwe ịsa ahụ, gbakwunyere ultrasonic ụlọ dum smart shutoff valves ***: Smart flow-monitoring valves clamp ma ọ bụ plumb n'elu isi mmiri mmiri ụlọ gị ma na-agba ọsọ ule nrụgide micro-leak kwa ụbọchị n'elekere 3:00 nke ụtụtụ, na-emechi isi mmiri gị na-akpaghị aka ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-apụ na ezumike ma ọ bụ na-amalite ezumike.

Ajụjụ a na-ajụkarị¶

Kedu otu esi eji mita mmiri gị mara ma ị nwere mmiri zoro ezo n'ime mgbidi ma ọ bụ n'okpuru slab?¶

Nke mbụ, gbanyụọ ihe ọ bụla na-eji mmiri eme ihe n'ime na n'èzí ụlọ gị, gụnyere ọkpọ mmiri niile, mmiri ịsa ahụ, igwe ịsa ákwà, ihe ịsa efere, ndị na-eme ice refrjiraeto, na oge sprinkler lawn, ma hụ na ọ dịghị onye na-agbanye ụlọ mposi. Mepee mkpuchi mita mmiri gị wee lelee obere triangle na-acha uhie uhie, kpakpando ọlaọcha, ma ọ bụ gia ojii nke yiri "ihe ngosi ntanye dị ala" na ihu mita (na smart smart mita, na-enwu ọkụ na-egbuke egbuke n'ihu iji teta ihuenyo wee chọọ akara ngosi faucet na-egbuke egbuke ma ọ bụ ọnụego GPM/LPM na-abụghị efu). N'ihi na obere ihe ngosi ahụ na-agbagharị ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụrụgodị na ọnyà mmiri gafere na mita, mmegharị ọ bụla na-aga n'ihu na-egosi na mmiri na-agbanarị na ọkpọkọ gị. Na-esote, mechie ime gị Main House Shutoff Valve ebe ọkpọkọ na-abanye n'ime ụlọ: ọ bụrụ na mita okporo ụzọ akwụsị ịgbagharị, nkwụsị ahụ dị n'ime ụlọ gị ma ọ bụ n'okpuru slab ya; Ọ bụrụ na mita ahụ na-aga n'ihu, a na-eli mmiri ahụ n'èzí n'ahịrị ọrụ ihu ụlọ gị.

Kedu ka ị ga-esi mara ma ọ bụrụ na mmiri dị n'okpuru ala dị na ọkpọkọ mmiri ọkụ ma ọ bụ ọkpọkọ mmiri oyi?¶

Ozugbo ule mita mmiri na-egosi na ị nwere nkwụsị n'ime ụlọ ma ọ bụ n'okpuru ntọala ntọala, gaa na onye na-ekpo ọkụ mmiri gị ma mechie Valve Supply Shutoff Valve nke dị na ọkpọkọ oyi na-abanye n'akụkụ aka nri nke tank (nke a na-egbochi nrụgide mmiri na ọkpọkọ ọ bụla na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime ụlọ mgbe ị na-ahapụ mmiri oyi). Gaghachi azụ na mita mmiri ma ọ bụ gee ntị na ọkpọkọ na-agba ọsọ: ọ bụrụ na mita ahụ akwụsị ịgbagharị ma mkpọtụ na-agba ọsọ na-akwụsị, nkwụsị ahụ dị na ọkpọkọ mmiri ọkụ n'okpuru slab ma ọ bụ na mgbidi (na-esote ya na ebe ọkụ na tile gị ma ọ bụ ala osisi). Ị nwere ike ịhapụ naanị valvụ mgbaba mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ (ma gbanye ọkụ eletrik nke ọkụ ọkụ ma ọ bụ ọkpụkpọ gas na PILOT) ka ezinụlọ gị ka nwere mmiri oyi maka ụlọ mposi na sinks ruo mgbe onye na-egwu mmiri na-emegharị ọkpọkọ ọkụ.

Ọ ka mma jackhammer n'ala simenti iji dozie nkwụsị nke slab ma ọ bụ megharịa ọkpọkọ site na mgbidi na n'uko?¶

N'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ ọ bụla karịrị afọ 15, na-ekpuchi oghere ọla kọpa na-agbapụta n'okpuru ebe dị n'elu ma na-agba ọsọ PEX ọhụrụ na-agbanwe agbanwe n'elu mgbidi na uko ụlọ / ụlọ elu dị elu karịa ịkwanye n'ala ala gị. Mgbe otu ebe dị n'ime ọkpọkọ ọla kọpa e liri dị afọ 25 gbapụrụ ma ọ bụ na-ete ya n'ala ajịja n'okpuru mbadamba nkume ahụ, nke fọdụrụ n'ahịrị ọla kọpa e liri na-adịkwa ka nke dị gịrịgịrị. Mepee tile gị ma ọ bụ ala osisi siri ike na ntọala siri ike iji mebie ihe mgbochi na ọla kọpa na-agbaji agbaji ugboro ugboro na-emesi ọkpọkọ ahụ ike ma na-eduga n'ụkwụ nke abụọ n'ụkwụ ole na ole n'ime otu afọ, ebe ịhapụ loop ahụ e liri ma na-ebugharị n'elu na-ewepụ nkwụsị ahụ na-adịgide adịgide na-emebighị ihe mgbochi ala gị ma ọ bụ ntọala vapor.

Kedu otu ị ga-esi kwụsị nwa oge ịgbasa mmiri site n'obere ntapu dị n'ime ọkpọkọ ọla kọpa?¶

Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ike iru ọkpọkọ ọla kọpa na-agbapụta, nke kachasị ngwa ngwa na nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya na nwa oge bụ akara mkpakọ na-arụ ọrụ nke na-arụ ọrụ ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ọkpọkọ ka dị mmiri. Bee ihe nkedo rọba dị sentimita 5 (2-inch) nke siri ike site na tube ime igwe ochie, igwe na-asa ihe n'ubi rọba, ma ọ bụ nkewa nke eriri ogige, pịa ya nke ọma n'elu pinhole ahụ, ma kechie eriri igwe anaghị agba nchara (ma ọ bụ njikọ zip siri ike na-ejikọta ya na mkpuchi Vise-Grip n'elu pliber ahụ) roba na-emechi ọla. Agbalịla itinye plumbing epoxy putty ma ọ bụ teepu silicone nke na-eme onwe ya ozugbo na ọkpọkọ mmiri na-agbasi mbọ ike n'okpuru nrụgide; Ngwaahịa ndị ahụ na-arụ ọrụ naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ị mechibidoro valvụ mmiri isi, mepee faucet dị ala iji wepụ nrụgide niile na ọkpọkọ, ma buru ụzọ kpoo ọla kọpa.

enyochara isi mmalite¶

• United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) WaterSense Programme na American Water Works Association (AWWA): * Usoro nchọpụta nke mita mmiri dị n'ime, ọla kọpa corrosion Chemistry (Chloramine / pH Interactions), na Ngụkọta Ụkwụ Ezinụlọ*.
• Òtù Mba Nile nke Ndị Ọrụ Plumbing na Mechanical (IAPMO) Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC) na International Plumbing Code (IPC): * Ihe achọrọ n'okpuru Slab Piping Sleeve Requirements, Oke 80 PSI Static Pressure Iwu (Nrụgide Mbelata Valves), na PEX Re-Piping Standards*.
• Ụlọ ọrụ nyocha, nhicha na ntinye akwụkwọ (IICRC): * ANSI/IICRC S500 Standard maka Mweghachi Mmebi Mmiri Ọkachamara (Mgbidi oghere nke mgbidi, Mgbochi nke mmiri mmiri, na mgbochi 48-hour Mold)*.
• Ụlọ Sayensị Sayensị Owuwu (BSC) na Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Mberede Federal (FEMA): Slab-on-Grade Moisture Vapor Drive, Mgbasa Ala Foundation Heave from Plumbing Leaks, and Structural Drying Guidelines.

Ntuziaka emetụtara¶

• ọkpọkọ gbawara: nkwụsị ozugbo na patches nwa oge
• valvụ mmiri na-emechi emechi rapaara ma ọ bụ gbajiri mgbe ọkpọkọ na-agbawa
• Ịdị n'uko ụlọ, mgbidi akọrọ nke mmiri kpụkọrọ akọrọ, na ihe ize ndụ nke plasta na-ada ada
• Akpụkpọ anụ mgbe mmiri mebiri: nchekwa na mgbochi
• Isi mgbawa ihe na-efesa n'okpuru ala, ihe mgbochi mgbawa azụ, na sinkhole ụlọ
• Ndekọ nọmba mberede