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Onye na-eme egwuregwu nke nwa akwụkwọ dara ada n'ubi: Ọkụ ọkụ na-emega ahụ ('Cool First, Transport Second') vs Mkpọchi obi na mberede vs Ọrịa.

Nọmba mberede dị iche na mba. Ibe a na-eji 911, nọmba maka United States na Canada. Ọtụtụ mba ndị ọzọ na-eji 112, 999, ma ọ bụ nọmba ọzọ. Chọta nọmba maka obodo gị.

Ikiri onye egwuregwu bọọlụ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị dị afọ 15, onye na-agba ọsọ mba na-agba ọsọ, onye otu na-eme njem, ma ọ bụ onye egwuregwu bọọlụ ntorobịa na-ada n'ala na mberede ma ọ bụ daa n'elu ahịhịa n'oge omume nhazi ụbọchị abụọ nke Ọgọst bụ otu n'ime oge mberede ahụike mberede na ọgwụ egwuregwu. N'oge ntorobịa na egwuregwu kọleji, ** ihe karịrị 90% nke ọnwụ mberede na-enweghị mmerụ ahụ n'ọgbọ egwuregwu bụ naanị nnukwu ọnọdụ atọ kpatara : ** njide obi obi mberede (SCA, Mgba ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ (EHS*, na ** Ọrịa na-agba ume (ES na ndị egwuregwu na-ebu Sickle Cell Trait, HbAS). Ọ bụ ezie na ihe mberede atọ ahụ nwere ike ịpụta n'ime sekọnd ole na ole mgbatị ahụ siri ike n'ụbọchị na-ekpo ọkụ, ịgbagwoju anya maka onye ọzọ na nkeji 180 mbụ ** 180 nwere ike ịnwụ. Ịgwọ onye e jidere obi mberede na mberede dị ka "oke ọkụ" na-egbu oge defibrillation gafere windo nlanarị nkeji 3; na-etinye onye na-eme ihe ọkụ ọkụ ozugbo n'azụ ụgbọ ihe mberede nwere ntụ oyi na-ebughị ụzọ mee ka ha banye na saịtị ** imikpu mmiri oyi.CWI) ice tub na-emebi **National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) na Korey Stringer Institute "Cool First, Transport Second" gold-ọkọlọtọ iwu ** ma na-enye ohere ha. 41.5 °C (106.7 °F) isi okpomọkụ iji sie ụbụrụ ha na imeju ha n'oge ụgbọ ihe mberede nkeji iri abụọ; na iti mkpu na onye na-eme egwuregwu na-enwe nnukwu nsogbu ** mgbatị ahụ na-agba ume ** ka ọ "bilie ma gbasie ike n'ụkwụ ụkwụ" na-ebute ọdachi microvascular na-acha ọbara ọbara-cell logjamming, rhabdomyolysis zuru oke, na njide obi hyperkalemic.

Ọ dabara nke ọma, ndị nkuzi, ndị nkuzi egwuregwu (ATCs), ndị dọkịta otu, na ndị nne na nna nọ n'akụkụ adịghị mkpa nyocha ọbara ụlọ nyocha iji kọwaa ihe mberede atọ ndị a dị iche na ahịhịa. Site na ịlele ** ndị ịkpa oke ụlọ ọgwụ anọ ozugbo n'ime sekọnd 30 mbụ *** - ** (1) Nzaghachi na iku ume (SCA = Anaghị anabata nke ọma site na iku ume agonal na-anọghị ma ọ bụ na-eku ume)**, **(2) Dakpọ ọsọ (2)SCA na Heatstroke dapụ na mberede na-enweghị ịdọ aka ná ntị, ebe Sickling Ndị na-eme egwuregwu na-adaba n'ala ka ha na-amụ anya ma na-eme mkpesa nke ịda mbà n'obi, obere azụ azụ / gluteal / hamstring adịghị ike) , ** (3) Palpation Muscle (Heatstroke na Sickling mọzụlụ na-adị nro ma ọ bụ dị nro, ebe ọ bụ eziokwu Heat Cramps igbachi na nkume siri ike, spasms knoted na-ahụ anya), na (4) isi okpomọkụ (isi rectal temperature).Exertional Heatstroke Akọwapụtara nke ọma site na arụrụ ọrụ CNS yana okpomoku isi ike n'elu 40.5 °C / 105 °F, ebe Sickling na SCA na-eme na ọnọdụ mmega ahụ nkịtị ma ọ bụ nke dị nro dị elu n'okpuru 40.0 °C / 104 °F - ị nwere ike ịkpalite usoro ịzọpụta ndụ ozugbo.

Mee nke a ugbu a

  1. ** Mee ka atụmatụ mmemme Mberede nke ebe gị rụọ ọrụ (EAP) na nke mbụ 10 sekọnd: kenye otu onye ka ọ kpọọ 911 (ma ọ bụ 112 / 999), otu onye na-agba ọsọ maka sideline AED, na otu onye ka ọ mepee ọnụ ụzọ ubi maka ụgbọ ihe mberede. Kpọọ nọmba mberede mpaghara gị (911 na US na Canada, 112 gafee Europe, 999 na UK, ma ọ bụ hụ. nọmba mberede) ozugbo mgbe ọ bụla onye na-eme egwuregwu dara n'ọhịa.
  2. ** Kwụsị ijide obi obi mberede (SCA) Nke mbụ (Sekọnd 0 ruo 30): Ọ bụrụ na onye na-eme egwuregwu anaghị azaghachi ma ghara iku ume, malite Hands-Only CPR ma tinye AED n'ime nkeji 3.**
  3. Kpatụ ubu onye egwuregwu wee tie aha ha. ** Ọnyà dị mkpa: *** Ihe dị ka ** 50% nke ndị na-eme egwuregwu na njide obi mberede na-egosipụta njide dị mkpirikpi dị ka myoclonic myoklo nke ogwe aka/ụkwụ (maka 10 ruo 20 sekọnd) na oké olu, na-ekusa "agonal gasps"**. Emehiela ọdịdọ-dị ka ịma jijiji ma ọ bụ na-eku ume maka iku ume nkịtị, na ** ekwela ka onye na-eme egwuregwu dara ada “na-ekpo ọkụ karịa” ruo mgbe ị gosiputara na ha na-eteta ma ọ bụ na-eku ume ka ọ na-eji ụda siri ike.
  4. Ọ bụrụ na onye na-eme egwuregwu azaghị ma ọ naghị eku ume nke ọma: bepụ uwe mwụda ha na ubu ha (na-eji trauma dị arọ na-agbada n'ihu ihu nke pad obi, na-ahapụ okpu agha / azụ azụ ebe ọ gwụla ma ọ dị mkpa maka ịnweta ụgbọ elu), malite ** Aka- Naanị CPR (100 to 120 compressions/min, 5 to 6 cm / 2 to 2.4 in miri) ***, ma tinye ** AED pads ** na igbe efu ozugbo. Oge ọ bụla ** nkeji iri isii na abụọ ** gafere nkeji 3 na-agbada ndụ site na 10%.
  5. ** Ọ bụrụ na onye na-eme egwuregwu nwere nkụja siri ike ma na-eku ume, lelee ọnọdụ uche (CNS Functionozugbo: ọgbaghara ọ bụla, omume enweghị isi, okwu mkparị, ịsụ ngọngọ, ma ọ bụ coma n'oge ihu igwe dị ọkụ bụ Exertional Heatstroke (EHS) ruo mgbe egosipụtara na ọ bụghị.**
  6. Jụọ ajụjụ nghazi anọ: "Gịnị bụ aha gị? Olee ubi anyị nọ? Kedu ọnwa ọ bụ? Gịnị ka anyị na-eme?"
  7. ** adaberekwala ma onye na-eme egwuregwu ọ na-agba ọsụsọ ma ọ bụ na ọ naghị (anhidrosis), na ejikwala ntị eme ihe (tympanic), ọkpọiso (temporal), ma ọ bụ temometa ọnụ.** N'adịghị ka ndị agadi ndị ọkụ ọkụ kpochapụrụ, ** ihe karịrị 90% nke ụmụ akwụkwọ na-eme egwuregwu na-egbu egbu na-agbapụ na ọsụsọ dị ukwuu n'oge ha na-ada, na ọkpọiso/ntị temometa na-agụ ** 2 ruo 4 degrees Celsius (4 ruo 7 degrees Fahrenheit) dị oke ala ** na akpụkpọ ahụ na-agba, ikuku. Naanị temometa rectal rectal thermistor na-agbanwe agbanwe** (inserted 15 cm / 6 inches past the anal sphincter) tụọ okpomọkụ nke ọma (> 40.5 °C / 105 °F na-akwado EHS).
  8. ** Ọ bụrụ na ọkụ ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ (EHS) dị (Core Temp > 40.5 °C / 105 °F Ma ọ bụ nke doro anya CNS delirium/dakpọ na oke okpomọkụ mgbe temometa rectal adịghị): Mee "COOL FIRST, TRANSPORT SECOND" ozugbo.**
  9. Yipụ ihe niile eji eji edo edo (okpu agha, akwa ubu, uwe elu, uwe ogologo ọkpa, sọks, cleats) wee mee ka onye na-eme egwuregwu rute n'olu n'ime nkeji 190 ruo 570-liter (50-to-150-galọn) imi mmiri oyi.CWI) Tub jupụtara na ice na mmiri na 1.7 °C to 15.0 °C (35 °F to 59 °F)** .
  10. Mee ka mmiri akpụrụ mmiri na-aga n'ihu n'akụkụ ike na nsọtụ onye na-eme egwuregwu ka ị na-eji akwa akwa akwa akwa n'okpuru ogwe aka na-ejide isi na ubu n'elu mmiri.
  11. ** Ọ bụrụ na enweghị tub dị ("TACO Method - Tarp-Assisted Cooling with Oscillation"):** Debe onye na-eme egwuregwu n'etiti ebe mmiri na-adịghị, nwee ndị otu 4 ruo 6 na-ebuli nsọtụ nke tap ahụ ka ha ghọọ basin mmadụ, tụfuo ice na mmiri oyi 3 ruo 4 kpọmkwem n'elu ahụ onye na-eme egwuregwu, ma na-atụgharị tap ahụ azụ na azụ na-aga n'ihu.
  12. ** Ekwela ka ụgbọ ihe mberede buo ya na onye na-eme egwuregwu ga-aga ruo mgbe okpomọkụ isi rectal ha dara. 38.9 °C (102.0 °F)** (nke na-ewekarị nkeji 10 ruo 18 ** nke imikpu mmiri ice na-aga n'ihu, na-ajụ oyi na ọnụego nke 0.20 °C to 0.26 °C / 0.36 °F to 0.47 °F per minute).
  13. ** Ọ bụrụ na onye na-eme egwuregwu na-eteta, kpachara anya, ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị n'okpuru 40.0 °C (104 °F), na ha dara n'ala n'oge oké sprinting mkpesa nke "adịghị ike, ndị nwụrụ anwụ, ọkụ ụkwụ na ala azụ" na SOFT mọzụlụ: na-emeso dị ka oké Exertional Sickling (ES) Nsogbu.**
  14. Wepu onye na-eme egwuregwu n'egwuregwu ozugbo (never order them to run another rep or "walk it off").
  15. Debe ha n'okpuru ndò, nye nri oxygen na-eku ume nke ukwuu.15 Liters/min via Non-Rebreather Mask*** ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị na ụgbọ okporo ígwè nke onye na-eme egwuregwu, nyochaa ihe ịrịba ama dị mkpa na-aga n'ihu, dị jụụ ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-ekpo ọkụ, na **buga ozugbo site na ụgbọ ala ALS gaa na Ngalaba Mberede kacha nso , na-agwa dọkịta ER na redio ka ọ kwadebe maka ** nnukwu ọrịa mgbatị ahụ, rhabdomyolysis na-egbuke egbuke, na hyperkalemia na-eyi ndụ egwu.peaked T-waves on 12-lead ECG).

Kedu ihe kpatara na 'Cool First, Transport Second' nwere 100% nlanarị ọnụego maka mgbatị ahụ ọkụ - na ihe kpatara na-ebunye ndị na-eme egwuregwu na-ekpo ọkụ ozugbo n'ime ụgbọ ihe mberede na-egbu ha

  • ** Ihe dị ka nkeji iri atọ na nkeji iri atọ: neurons ụbụrụ mmadụ, hepatocytes imeju, vaskụla endothelium, na sel akwara skeletal na-amalite na-enweta protein denaturation na-enweghị ike ịgbagha na ** Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation.DIC*** mgbe okpomoku ahụ dị n'elu **40.5 °C (105 °F) ihe karịrị nkeji iri atọ ***.
  • ** The Korey Stringer Institute Clinical Data:** N'ofe puku kwuru puku akwụkwọ ndekọ nke Exertional Heatstroke na ndị na-agba ọsọ, ndị agha na-ewe ndị agha, na ndị egwuregwu bọọlụ ebe okpomọkụ dị elu ruru. 42.2 °C to 43.3 °C (108 °F to 110 °F), ** nlanarị fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 100% mgbe imikpu mmiri oyi na-eme ihe niile (CWI) na-amalite na saịtị n'ime nkeji 10 nke ọdịda wee gaa n'ihu ruo mgbe isi okpomọkụ dara n'okpuru 38.9 °C (102 °F) tupu njem EMS amalite ***.
  • Ihe kpatara na ụgbọ ihe mberede na-enweghị ike ijikwa onye ọrịa EHS dị jụụ: Ozugbo onye na-eme egwuregwu na-ekedo n'elu akwa akwa n'ime azụ ụgbọ ihe mberede na-akpụ akpụ, ọ gaghị ekwe omume n'anụ ahụ ịmikpu ha na mmiri ice. Itinye obere ngwugwu oyi kemịkalụ n'ogwe aka ha na ịgbanye ụgbọ ihe mberede AC na-eme ka isi ahụ dị jụụ n'ihe na-erughị 0.04 °C (0.07 °F) per minute - nke pụtara na onye na-eme egwuregwu na-anọ n'elu ihe na-egbu egbu 40.5 °C (105 °F) ọnụ ụzọ ọnwụ cell maka nkeji ụgbọ ihe mberede nkeji iri abụọ na ise yana nnyefe nkeji iri abụọ ER, na-ebute ọdịda ọtụtụ akụkụ. ** Ndị na-ahụ maka ahụike EMS na ndị na-ahụ maka egwuregwu ga-ahazirịrị ka onye na-eme egwuregwu nọrọ n'akụkụ mmiri ice maka 12 ruo 18 nkeji mbụ, ma tinye ya n'ime ụgbọ ihe mberede naanị mgbe okpomoku rectal dara. 38.9 °C (102 °F).**

Osisi mkpebi: ngbanwe dị iche iche nke onye na-eme egwuregwu nwa akwụkwọ dara ada (Sekọnd 180 nke mbụ)

flowchart TD
    Start["Onye egwuregwu nwata akwụkwọ dara ma ọ bụ daa n'ala n'oge mmemme ma ọ bụ egwuregwu"] --> ActivateEAP["Kwụpụ 1 (0-10 Sek): Mee ọrụ EAP, Kpọọ 911, Fetch Sideline AED, Mepee ọnụ ụzọ Ubi"]

    ActivateEAP --> CheckResp{"Nzọụkwụ 2 (10-30 nkeji): Onye na-eme egwuregwu ọ na-anabata ma na-eku ume? (Lezienụ anya nkenke ọdịdọ Jerks & Agonal Gasps)"}

    CheckResp -->|"Mba: Anaghị anabata ma ọ bụghị iku ume / naanị ịfụ"| SCAProtocol["Usoro njide obi na mberede (SCA) (Ọkwa na-enyo enyo Commotio Cordis ma ọ bụrụ na a kụrụ ya n'ime igbe): Bee Jersey/Pads, Bido Aka-naanị CPR (100-120/min), Tinye AED N'ime nkeji 3"]

    CheckResp -->|"EE: Iji Pulse na-eku ume"| CheckCNS{"Kwụpụ 3: Lelee ọnọdụ uche (CNS) na ọnọdụ ihu igwe isi: Ọ gbagwojuru onye egwuregwu anya, ọgụ, Ataxic, Comatose, ma ọ bụ okpomọkụ> 40.5 C (105 F)?"}

    CheckCNS -->|"EE: arụrụ ọrụ CNS + Okpomọkụ dị elu (Okpomọkụ isi> 40.5 C / 105 F)"| EHSProtocol["PROTOCOL EXERTIONAL HEATSTROKE (EHS): Ngwa mgbawa, banye n'ime mmiri mmiri ice (1.7-15 C / 35-59 F) ma ọ bụ TACO Tarp ozugbo. JỤỌRỤ MMADỤ (ruo 38.9 C/102 F), ebugharị nke abụọ"]

    CheckCNS -->|"Mba: Teta, Lucid, gbakwasara, Okpomọkụ isi <40.0 C (104 F)"| CheckMuscles{"Kwụpụ 4: Kedu ka onye na-eme egwuregwu si daa, kedukwa ka akwara ụkwụ/azụ na-adị?"}

    CheckMuscles -->|"Ụda Mgbe Sprints; Akwara ahụ na-adị nro/Flacid; Ihe mgbu Ischemic azụ / pelvis / ụkwụ; Tachypnea"| SicklingProtocol["ỌRỊA NA-AKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWASỊRỊỊRỊỊA: Kwụsị mgbatị ahụ ozugbo,Nye 15 L /min Oxygen,Na-edozi ahụ /Hydrated,ALS Ambulance ozugbo na ER maka Rhabdomyolysis & Hyperkalemia ECG"]

    CheckMuscles -->|"Ịtụ egwu n'Ahụhụ; Akwara akpọchiri n'ime ROCK-HARD Akpụkpọ ụkwụ a na-ahụ anya"| CrampProtocol["BENIGN EXERTIONAL HEAT CRAMPS: zuru ike na ndò, ịgbatị na-agafe agafe, ịhịa aka n'ahụ, Ngwọta Oral Salty Electtrolyte (0.5 tsp nnu na ihe ọṅụṅụ egwuregwu 500 ml)"]

Oge 1: Tebụlụ ntụnyere ụlọ ọgwụ nwere ụzọ anọ sideline (SCA vs. Exertional Heatstroke vs. Exertional Sickling vs. Heat Cramps)

N'ime izu mbụ nke oyi tupu oge ọnwa Ọgọst, ndị nkuzi na-emehie ugboro ugboro ** Ọrịa na-emega ahụ ** maka adịghị mma ** Ọkpụkpụ Okpomọkụ **, ma ọ bụ mmejọ ** njide obi mberede na mberede ** maka ** Syncope Heat **. Icheta ọdịiche dị n'ụlọ ọgwụ na tebụl a na-egbochi nchọpụta na-egbu egbu n'ọhịa:

Nchọpụta dị iche iche nke ndakpọ n'akụkụ akụkụ mberede na ndị egwuregwu ụmụ akwụkwọ (NATA / ACSM / AHA Consensus)

Njirimara Clinical 1. Njide obi na mberede (SCA / Commotio Cordis) 2. Mgbochi ọkụEHS) 3. Ọrịa na-emega ahụ nke ukwuu (ES - HbAS Àgwà) 4. Ọkpụkpụ Okpomọkụ na-adịghị mma
** Oge a na-ahụkarị na egwu egwu *** Isi ihe ọ bụla na omume ma ọ bụ egwuregwu; ma ọ bụ na mberede (HCM, anomalous coronary artery, Long QT) ma ọ bụ n'ime sekọnd 3 nke nkụchi obi na-adịghị mma (Commotio Cordis). Na-emekarị mgbe ** 45+ nkeji ** nke na-aga n'ihu na-arụsi ọrụ ike na oke okpomọkụ / iru mmiri (WBGT > 27.8 °C / 82 °F), na-emekarị na ** Ụbọchị 1 ruo 5 ** nke oge tupu oge okpomọkụ tupu ịmalite ikpo ọkụ. Ọtụtụ mgbe n'ime ** nke mbụ 10 ruo 30 nkeji ** nke omume n'oge ** sprinting na-adịgide adịgide (gassers, suicides, timed 800-to-1600m conditioning runs, stadium stairs*** na obere oge ezumike. N'ikpeazụ n'ime ogologo oge, omume ọsụsọ ma ọ bụ ọkara nke abụọ nke egwuregwu mgbe oke sodium na ọsụsọ mfuchara.
Ka onye na-eme egwuregwu si agbadata ** Ngwa ngwa "dobe-dị ka nkume" dara** (non-contact ma ọ bụ ozugbo mmetụta obi gasịrị; anya tụgharịa azụ; 50% nwere 10-20 sekọnd nke ọdịdọ dị ka aka na-ama jijiji. Nke bu ụzọ sụọ ngọngọ, ụkwụ na-adịghị mma (ataxia), ọrụ na-efu efu, mgbakasị ahụ, mkpu na-enweghị isi, ma ọ bụ ịdaba na mberede n'ime nkụda mmụọ. ** Onye na-eme egwuregwu na-akwụsị ịgba ọsọ, tinye aka na ikpere, ma daa ma ọ bụ dinara ala n'ihi na ụkwụ ha na azụ ha na-eche na mberede "ọnwụ, rubbery, na enweghị ike." Onye na-eme egwuregwu hops ma ọ bụ daa n'ala na-ejide otu nwa ehi, hamstring, ma ọ bụ quad mgbe ọ na-eti mkpu ma ọ bụ na-afụ ụfụ site na spasm muscle na-egbu mgbu.
** Ọkwa nke akọ na uche (CNS)** ** Anaghị anabata kpamkpam *** n'ime sekọnd nke ọdịda. ** Ọrụ CNS dị omimi (100% diagnostic hallmark):** Enweghị mgbakasị ahụ, ọgụ ọgụ, okwu na-adịghị mma, ile anya enyo, ọdịdọ, ma ọ bụ coma. ** Na mbụ Teta, Nlebaanya, na Lucid:** Nwere ike ịgwa gị aha ha wee kọwa ihe mgbu ha nke ọma, n'agbanyeghị na ike gwụrụ ha ngwa ngwa na nchegbu (can progress to shock/coma if forced to keep running). ** 100% Teta, Ntụrụndụ na gbakwasara.**
** iku ume & usu *** ** Ụkụ anaghị abịa**; iku ume na-adịghị ma ọ bụ ngwa ngwa, mkpọtụ **agonal gasps / snorting ***. Ngwa ngwa tachycardia na-adịgide adịgide (140 to 180+ bpm), iku ume ngwa ngwa (tachypneaọbara mgbali elu diastolic dị ala. Ọsọ ume iku ume (feeling "winded" / unable to catch breath) na usu ngwa ngwa nke nwere ike ịdaba na mberede na ** hyperkalemic arrhythmias (VFib / PEA)**. Iku ume na ụbụrụ nkịtị (ebuli elu naanị site na mmega ahụ na mgbu na-adịbeghị anya).
** Ụda akwara & Ogo mgbu *** Flaccid (mgbe obere myoclonic mbụ gachara). Isi ike adịghị agwụ agwụ ma ọ bụ n'ozuzu ya ma ọ bụrụ na ijide ya. MUSCLES na-enwe mmetụta zuru oke nke nro / FLACID iji emetụ aka: *** Mgbu bụ ** miri emi, na-agwụ ike, na-ere ọkụ ischemic ache ** na ** lumbar ala azụ, buttocks (gluteals), pelvis, na eriri ụkwụ (ọ bụghị eriri siri ike). MUSCLES ONYE NA-EKWU NDỊ NA-ANYA: Ị nwere ike ịhụ ma nwee mmetụta nke gastrocnemius ma ọ bụ hamstring gbakọtara dị ka baseball n'okpuru akpụkpọ ahụ.
Akpụkpọ ahụ & Isi Rectal Okpomọkụ Okpomọkụ mmega ahụ nkịtị (37.5 °C to 39.5 °C / 99.5 °F to 103.1 °F); akpụkpọ anụ ngwa ngwa na-atụgharị chacha ma ọ bụ cyanotic. ** Isi Rectal Temp > 40.5 °C (105.0 °F)** (often 41.0 to 43.0 °C / 106 to 109 °F); *Akpụkpọ ahụ na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-agbakarị ọsụsọ. ** Isi Rectal Temp < 40.0 °C (104.0 °F)**; akpụkpọ ahụ nwere ike ịbụ ọsụsọ ma ọ bụ nkịtị. Isi Rectal Temp < 40.0 °C (104.0 °F); akpụkpọ ahụ na-agbakarị ọsụsọ na nnu (white salt crust on jersey).
Ihe omume nzọpụta ndụ ozugbo ** Aka-naanị CPR + Sideline AED Shock n'ime < 3 minutes** + 911 ụgbọ njem ALS. ** "dị mma nke mbụ, ụgbọ njem nke abụọ":** Ngwa ngwa ** imi mmiri mmiri ice (1.7-15 °C / 35-59 °F*** nọ na saịtị ruo mgbe okpomọkụ ruru 38.9 °C (102 °F), wee bufee. ** Nkwụsị ozugbo + 15 L/min Oxygen + izu ike zuru oke + Ụgbọ njem 911 ALS ozugbo na ER** (IV normal saline + stat ECG for hyperkalemia). Zuo ike na ndò, ịgbatị ahụ dị nro, ịhịa aka n'ahụ ice, ihe ọṅụṅụ egwuregwu nnu.

Nkeji 2: njide obi na mberede (SCA) na Commotio Cordis n'ọhịa: iwu 3 nkeji AED

Njide obi mberede bụ #1 ahụike na-egbu ndị na-eto eto na-eme egwuregwu, na-egbu ihe dị ka 1 n'ime ndị egwuregwu ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị 50,000 na kọleji kwa afọ. N'adịghị ka nkụchi obi ndị okenye nke akwara akwara akwara mechiri emechi na-akpata, SCA egwuregwu ntorobịa na-ebute site na ọnọdụ obi arụrụghị ọrụ ma ọ bụ ọkụ eletrịkị ** ma ọ bụ site n'ịkụri ọkụ n'obi (Commotio Cordis).

1. Ihe 5 bụ isi na-akpata njide obi mberede na ndị na-eto eto na-eme egwuregwu

  1. Ọrịa cardiomyopathy hypertrophicHCM): ** Mmụba mkpụrụ ndụ nke akwara obi ventricular aka ekpe nke na-ebute ọnwụ ** Ventricular Fibrillation (VFib*** mgbe adrenaline spikes n'oge sprints.
  2. ** Ọrịa akwara akwara na-amụ nwa (CAA):** A na-agbakọta akwara akwara na-esite na sinus aortic na-ezighi ezi n'etiti akwara akwara na akpa ume n'oge mmega ahụ kacha elu.
  3. ** Mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ion-Channelopathies na ọrịa ọkụ eletrik (Long QT, Brugada, CPVT, na Wolff-Parkinson-White / WPW):** Obi nkịtị n'ụdị nke na-eme ka ọkụ eletrik dị mkpụmkpụ n'okpuru adrenaline gbawara.
  4. ** Myocarditis na-efe efe na-efe efe:** Mfụfụ nke akwara obi na-agbachi nkịtị n'ime ma ọ bụ n'ime izu 1 ruo 2 mgbe ọrịa nje gasịrị (Coxsackievirus, Influenza, COVID-19, Adenovirus) mgbe onye na-eme egwuregwu na-alaghachi n'ọnọdụ siri ike mgbe ọ na-agbake.
  5. ** Commotio CordisBlunt Chest-Impact Arrest*** Na-eme na ** 100% obi ahụike siri ike ** mgbe bọọlụ baseball, bọọlụ lacrosse, hockey puck, softball, ma ọ bụ okpu agha kụrụ mgbidi igbe aka ekpe (precordium) n'oge kpọmkwem ** 20 ruo 40-milli sekọnd elu elu nke T-wave (ventricular repolarization***, na-atụba obi n'ime Fibrillation ventricular.

2. Gịnị mere na ọ dịghị mgbe a ga-aghọ ndị nkuzi site "Seizure Jerks" ma ọ bụ "Agonal Gasping"

Na nyocha vidiyo nke njide nke ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na kọleji, ihe #1 mere ndị nkuzi ji egbu oge CPR wee nweta AED bụ na ** ogwe aka na ụkwụ onye na-eme egwuregwu dara ada na-ama jijiji dị ka ihe ọdịdọ akwụkwụ maka sekọnd iri na ise, na obi ha na-ekukwa oké ụda, na-ama jijiji. - The Physiology: Mgbe Ventricular Fibrillation na-ebipụ ọbara na-eruba n'ụbụrụ, nnukwu hypoxia na-ebute ọdịdọ myoclonic ** 10 ruo 20 nke abụọ , na-esote ụbụrụ ụbụrụ agonal gasping reflexes. - ** Usoro nke akụkụ (Inter-Association Task Force Mandate): ** ** Onye ọ bụla na-eme egwuregwu na-adaba na-enweghị traumatically (ma ọ bụ mgbe ọ gbasasịrị n'obi) ma na-anabataghị ya bụ na mberede obi obi na-ejide ya ruo mgbe a ga-egosi ya ọzọ. E tinyela ihe ọ bụla n'ọnụ ha, echela ka "ọdịdọ" kwụsị, ma ghara iji 60 sekọnd ịchụ nta maka ụbụrụ. ** Ziga maka AED ozugbo, kpughee igbe ahụ, malite mkpakọ obi.** Mgbe AED na-ebunye ujo n'ime nkeji 1 ruo 3 ** nke ọdịda n'ọhịa, ọnụego nlanarị gafere ** 85% ruo 90% **.

Nkeji 3: Ọkụkụ ọkụEHS): Mkpebi site na nzọụkwụ nke "Cool First, Transport Second"

Mgba ọkụ ọkụ (EHS) na-arị elu nke ọma n'oge July na Ọgọst tupu oge egwuregwu bọọlụ, mba na-eme egwuregwu bọọlụ na egwuregwu bọọlụ ** mgbe okpomọkụ * Wet-Bulb Globe.WBGT* gafere 27.8 °C to 32.2 °C (82 °F to 90 °F) .

1. Ihe mere ị ga-eji jiri thermometer rectal (na ihe kpatara ọsụsọ anaghị achịkwa ọkụ ọkụ)

Akụkọ ifo abụọ ka na-efu ndị egwuregwu ụmụ akwụkwọ ndụ ha n'August ọ bụla: - ** Echiche Ụgha #1 ("Ọ bụrụ na ọsụsọ na-agba ha, ọ bụ naanị ike ọgwụgwụ ọkụ, ọ bụghị ikpo ọkụ"): *** Ụgha.anhidrosis) na-eme na * oge gboo pasive heatstroke * na ndị agadi agadi n'ime ọtụtụ ụbọchị. Na * Exertional Heatstroke*, onye na-eto eto na-eme egwuregwu na-emepụta 1,000+ watts nke okpomọkụ metabolic n'ime pads na-eme ka okpomọkụ ha si na ya pụta. 37 °C (98.6 °F) ka 41.5 °C (106.7 °F) n'ime nkeji iri anọ na ise ka ọ na-agbakwa ọsụsọ. - ** Echiche Ụgha #2 ("Jiri ihe nyocha ihu infrared ma ọ bụ temometa ntị"):** Ụgha. Nnyocha nke Korey Stringer Institute gosipụtara na ọkpọiso, ntị (tympanic), na temometa ọnụ na-agụ 36.5 °C to 38.0 °C (97.7 °F to 100.4 °F) na onye na-eme egwuregwu nke okpomọkụ dị n'ime ime ya na-egbu egbu 41.8 °C (107.2 °F), n'ihi na ikupu ọsụsọ na-eme ka akpụkpọ ahụ dị jụụ. - ** Gịnị ma ọ bụrụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ gị enweghị temometa rectal n'ubi?** Dabere na ** Usoro ntule ụlọ ọgwụ : ** Onye ọ bụla na-eme egwuregwu na-emega ahụ n'ọnọdụ ọkụ nke na-egosipụta sistemụ akwara Central na-enweghị mgbagha (CNS) adịghị arụ ọrụ (mgbagwoju anya, mgbakasị ahụ, ike ike, ịsụ ngọngọ, ịda mbà, ma ọ bụ coma mgbe ewepụsịrị SCA) A ghaghị ịgwọ ya ozugbo na mmiri mmiri oyi zuru oke dị ka ihe a na-eche na ọ bụ mgbatị ọkụ.

2. Otu esi agba ọsọ nmikpu mmiri oyi (CWI) tub ma ọ bụ TACO Protocol Tarp na Sideline

  1. ** Tupu-emebe tub tupu emee mgbe WBGT > 25 °C (77 °F): ** Jupụta ** 380-to-570-liter (100-na-150-galọn) Rubbermaid stock tank ** dị nso n'ụlọikwuu ọzụzụ shaded na mmiri (10 °C to 15 °C / 50 °F to 59 °F), nke nwere ihe nju oyi 3 ruo 4 nke akpụrụ akpụ apịaji apịaji nọ ọdụ n'akụkụ tub ahụ dị njikere ịkwanye.
  2. ** Akụrụngwa mgbapụ n'okpuru sekọnd 60:** Wepụ okpu agha, ihe mgbochi ubu, uwe elu, uwe ogologo ọkpa, akwa akwa na sọks (wet uniforms trap heat).
  3. ** Tinye n'olu-miri ma kpalie aka n'ihu: ** Bulite onye na-eme egwuregwu n'ime tub ka ogwe, pelvis, apata ụkwụ, na ogwe aka ha na-emikpu na 1.7 °C to 15.0 °C (35 °F to 59 °F) mmiri ice. Tinye akwa akwa akwa akwa n'okpuru ogwe aka abụọ nke ntụpọ abụọ jigidere ka ụzọ ikuku dị n'elu mmiri. Gwuo mmiri ahụ nke ọma kwa sekọnd 30 ọ bụla ka oyi akwa na-ekpo ọkụ enweghị ike ime megide akpụkpọ ahụ.
  4. ** Ijikwa ọgụ mgbakasị ahụ:** oke ọkụ nke ụbụrụ na-eme ka onye na-eme egwuregwu na-alụ ọgụ. Nwee ntụpọ anọ ji nwayọọ jide ubu na ikpere onye na-eme egwuregwu n'ime tub (ma ọ bụ jiri **TACO usoro tap ** na ahịhịa). N'ime ** 3 ruo 5 nkeji ** nke imikpu mmiri ice, ọgụ ọgụ na-ebelata ka ọbara ụbụrụ na-ajụ oyi.
  5. ** Okpomọkụ iwepụ ebumnuche (38.9 °C / 102.0 °F): *** Wepụ onye na-eme egwuregwu na ice tub wee bufee ya na ebe nchekwa ụgbọ ihe mberede na-echere ** mgbe nyocha rectal gụrụ. 38.9 °C (102.0 °F)** (prevents afterdrop hypothermia). Na-enweghị temometa rectal, imikpu maka ** 12 ruo 15 nkeji ** (ma ọ bụ ruo mgbe ịma jijiji na echiche doro anya laghachi) tupu ịbanye n'ime ụgbọ ihe mberede.

Nkeji 4: Ịrịa ọrịaHbAS) nsogbu: gịnị kpatara iti mkpu "Push through the Cramps" na-ebute hyperkalemia na-egbu egbu

Ihe dị ka ** 1 n'ime ndị ojii America iri na abụọ (8%*** 1 n'ime 100 ndị America Hispanic , na puku kwuru puku ndị na-eme egwuregwu nke Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, India, na Caribbean nketa na-ebu ** Sickle Cell Trait (HbAS - nke pụtara na ha ketara otu mkpụrụ ndụ hemoglobin nkịtị.HbAna otu sickle hemoglobin gene.HbS). N'okpuru ndụ nkịtị kwa ụbọchị, ndị nwere Sickle Cell Trait nwere ahụike zuru oke ma ha enweghị ọrịa Sickle cell (HbSS).

Agbanyeghị, n'oge ** oke, ịgbatị anaerobic na-adịgide adịgide *** - kpọmkwem ** sprints ugboro ugboro (gassers, suicides, mat drills), oge 1-mile/2-mile ule mgbatị ahụ nke ụbọchị mbụ, ma ọ bụ ihe na-eme ka ọ dị elu na-enweghị ezumike na-enweghị ezumike *** - ihe na-akpali akpali anọ na-ejikọta n'ime ụkwụ na-arụ ọrụ nke onye na-eme egwuregwu na azụ azụ: 1. ** Hypoxia anụ ahụ siri ike ** (oxygen na-adaba n'ime quadriceps / hamstrings na-arụ ọrụ); 2. ** Lactic acidosis siri ike (pH muscle dara n'okpuru 7.0); 3. Igwe mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ cellular *** (hyperosmolality n'ime capillaries muscle); na 4. ** Okpomọkụ akwara dị elu **.

Tetrad a na-eme ka mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie nke onye na-eme egwuregwu na-agbapụ na mberede site na diski dị nro, na-agbanwe agbanwe n'ime ** siri ike, nke na-egbuke egbuke "sickles". N'ime nkeji 2 ruo 5, mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie ndị a na-arịa ọrịa ** logjam ma na-ekpuchi microscopic capillaries na-enye nnukwu akwara nke buttocks, pelvis, apata na azụ azụ (acute ischemic rhabdomyolysis). N'agụụ ọbara na ikuku oxygen, mkpụrụ ndụ akwara skeletal na-agbaji n'ọtụtụ, na-atụfu nnukwu intracellular ** Potassium (K+*** na ** Myoglobin *** banye n'ọbara. Ọ bụrụ na onye nchịkwa amanye onye na-eme egwuregwu na-arịa ọrịa ka ọ laghachite n'ahịrị wee gbaa ọsọ ọzọ, ** serum potassium skyrockets gafere. 7.0 to 9.0 mEq/L, na-ebute njide obi hyperkalemic na-egbu egbu (sine-wave ventricular fibrillation or PEA) n'ọhịa ***.

Otu esi amata ọrịa na-emega ahụ site na ọnya ọkụ n'ime nkeji iri

  • ** Okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ: *** Onye na-eme egwuregwu na-awụpụ n'ọhịa na-eti mkpu, na-ejide ** nkume siri ike, nwa ehi nwere eriri ma ọ bụ akwara ụkwụ**; ịgbatị aka nke nta nke nta.
  • ** Onye na-eme egwuregwu ** na-adaba na turf *** na-ele anya ike ọgwụgwụ na ụjọ, na-eme mkpesa nke ịda mbà n'obi, adịghị ike na-ere ọkụ n'ofe ha ** ala azụ, azụ azụ, na apata ụkwụ abụọ, na mgbe ị na-eji aka gị pịpịa apata ụkwụ ma ọ bụ nwa ehi, ** mọzụlụ ahụ na-adị nro zuru oke na nkịtị *. Ya adịla mgbe ịgbatị ma ọ bụ ịhịa aka n'ahụ akwara na-arịa ọrịa, na ** agwala onye na-eme egwuregwu na-arịa ọrịa ka o bilie mechaa mgbatị ahụ.

Nọmba mberede mpaghara na ụkpụrụ ụlọ ọrụ

Obodo / Mpaghara Mbupu ihe mberede Okpomọkụ egwuregwu, obi obi na ụkpụrụ nchịkwa nke ọrịa Ngwa Sideline amanyere amanyere iwu & Iwu nnabata
United States *911 ** Òtù Ndị Ọzụzụ Egwuregwu Mba (NATA** + ** Ụlọ ọrụ Korey Stringer (KSI, UConn)** + NCAA Sports Science Institute + NFHS (National Federation of State High School Associations) ** NCAA amanyere amanyere iwu Sickle Cell Nnwale/Amụma nkwenye**; ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị steeti ** WBGT Iwu Acclimatization Heat ** (dịka, * Zach Martin Act * na FL, * Jordan McNair * ntuziaka na MD, Georgia GHSA WBGT iwu) na-enye iwu na saịtị ** Igwe mmiri oyi na-agba mmiri ** na ** Sideline AED n'ime nkeji 1-3 **.
Canada *911 ** Kọmitii Ndụmọdụ gbasara ọgwụ egwuregwu (SMAC*** + ** Ndị otu ndị na-ahụ maka ọgwụgwọ egwuregwu Canada (CATA*** Obi na Stroke Foundation nke Canada** Chaatị mgbanwe mgbanwe okpomọkụ/WBGT nke etiti obodo (OFSAA na Ontario, BC School Sports) na ebe amanyere iwu ohere ịnweta AED.
United Kingdom 999 ma ọ bụ 112** ** UK Sports Institute (UKSI** + ** Resuscitation Council UK** + ** ngalaba nke egwuregwu na ọgwụ mmega ahụ (FSEM*** Ihe ize ndụ obi na ndị ntorobịa (CRY)** FA (Football Association) na RFU Pitchside Nlekọta ozugbo (PHICIS) ntuziaka na-enye iwu ka a na-eme mkpọtụ pitchside ozugbo na nju oyi na-arụ ọrụ.
European Union 112 ** European Resuscitation Council (ERC*** European Society of Cardiology (European Society of Cardiology)ESC Nkebi na Egwuregwu Cardiology)** + UEFA Medical Iwu Usoro nyocha nke ECG 12-edu ndú tupu nsonye (dịka ọmụmaatụ, iwu nyocha egwuregwu Italiantali) na ama ama pitchside AED/ọdụ jụụ.
Australia na New Zealand 000 (AU) / 111 (NZ) ** Egwuregwu Ọgwụ Australia (SMA Amụma Okpomọkụ dị oke egwu)** + ** Council Resuscitation Council (Australia)ARC*** + ** NZ Resuscitation Council** SMA Egwuregwu-Specific Thermal Risk Charts (ambient temp vs. ikwu iru mmiri cutoffs) na amanyere bụ iwu nke imikpu mmiri oyi maka ntachi obi.
India & Asia-Pacific 112 (India) / 119 (Japan/Korea) / 995 (SG) ** Ndị ikike egwuregwu nke India (SAI*** + ** Otu egwuregwu egwuregwu Japan (JSPO Ntuziaka WBGT)**+ Singapore Sport Institute Amanyere iwu nleba anya mita WBGT na ogige egwuregwu ụlọ akwụkwọ (halting all strenuous youth outdoor exercise at WBGT >= 31 °C / 87.8 °F na Japan).

Ajụjụ a na-ajụkarị

Kedu ihe ma ọ bụrụ na ndị ọrụ ahụike EMS mpaghara bịarutere n'ọhịa ma na-ekwusi ike na-ebunye ndị na-eme egwuregwu Heatstroke na-eme ihe n'ime ụgbọ ihe mberede ozugbo tupu okpomọkụ ha dị jụụ?

Onye nkuzi egwuregwu ịgba akwụkwọ (ATC) nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ọ bụla na dibịa otu ga-emebe nkwekọrịta tupu oge eruo ya na onye isi ahụike ọkụ/EMS mpaghara. N'okpuru ugbu a National Association of EMS Physicians (NAEMSP), American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP), na NATA nkwonkwo nkwenye nkwupụta, paramedics na-dụrụ ** aka na saịtị Cold-Water Immersion (CWI) tub jụrụ oyi (mgbe na-amalite eriri IV na cardiac monitor n'akụkụ tub) ruo mgbe onye na-eme egwuregwu 3.0 na-ebelata okpomọkụ Celsius. degrees Fahrenheit) TUPU ebugharị onye ọrịa n'ime ụgbọ ihe mberede ***. Ọ bụrụ na njikwa ahụike EMS mpaghara nyere iwu ka ebuga ngwa ngwa tupu tub adịla njikere, jiri usoro ** TACO (na-ekpuchi mmiri mmiri, akwa akwa akwa / tarps gburugburu onye na-eme egwuregwu gba ọtọ)** ma gwa ndị na-ahụ maka ihe mberede na-anata ka ha nwee mmiri imi mmiri mmiri na-echere n'ọnụ ụzọ ụgbọ ihe mberede.

Kedu ihe kpatara ụbọchị 5 mbụ nke bọọlụ Ọgọst ma ọ bụ obodo gafere bụrụ windo kacha egbu egbu maka ma Heatstroke na Ọrịa na-emega ahụ?

N'ime **75% nke ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị niile na kọleji na-ahụ maka ọkụ ọkụ na-egbu mgbu na-eme n'ime ụbọchị 4 mbụ nke nhazi oge tupu oge ***. N'ihe gbasara anụ ahụ, ahụ mmadụ chọrọ ** 10 ruo 14 ụbọchị n'usoro nke mkpughe okpomọkụ nke gụsịrị akwụkwọ ("Heat Acclimatization")** iji gbasaa olu ọbara plasma site na 12% ruo 15%, belata isi ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nke ọsụsọ na-amalite, na-abawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ ọsụsọ na-arụpụta, ma chekwaa sodium ọsụsọ. Mgbe nwa akwụkwọ na-enweghị mmasị na-apụ n'ụlọ nwere ntụ oyi n'ụbọchị 1 ma na-eme ya omume 3 na pads zuru ezu ma ọ bụ oge nhazi oge sprints ("serial gassers"), usoro obi ha enweghị ike ịgbasa okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ nọgide na-enwe oxygenation muscle. Nke a bụ ya mere iwu NATA na NFHS ji machibido omume ụbọchị abụọ n'usoro ụbọchị, machibido ngwa nchebe zuru oke n'ime ụbọchị 1 ruo 5, ma machibido ule nhazi oge niile n'ụbọchị 1.

Kedu ka anyị ga-esi jiri Wet-Bulb Globe okpomọkụ (WBGT) mita na sideline, kedu ihe mere o ji dị mma karịa ngwa ihu igwe nke smartphone "Heat Index"?

A na-agbakọ ọkọlọtọ "Heat Index" na ngwa ihu igwe na-eche na ị na-anọdụ na ** 100% ndò na ikuku ọkụ *** - ọ na-eleghara ** ìhè anyanwụ na-egbuke egbuke na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ ** na ** mgbochi ikuku ámá egwuregwu **. Ihe ejiri aka ** Wet-Bulb Globe okpomọkụ (`WBGT`) mita** na-ejikọta sensọ atọ dị iche iche: ** (1) Okpomọkụ-Bulb ọkụ** (`10%`), ** (2) Okpomọkụ mmiri-bọlb eke (`70%`*** na-atụle ike ikpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ n'ofe iru mmiri na ọsọ ikuku, yana ** (3) Okpomọkụ Black-Globe (`20%`)** na-atụ ọkụ kpọmkwem anyanwụ na-egbuke egbuke na turf. Mgbe sideline `WBGT` rute **`27.8 °C to 30.0 °C (82 °F to 86 °F)`**, oge ezumike nkeji 15 kwesịrị ekwesị ga-emerịrị awa ọ bụla; mgbe `WBGT` gafere **`32.2 °C (90.0 °F)`** (ma ọ bụ nke dị ala na ihu igwe dị jụụ na ugwu), a ga-akagbu ma ọ bụ bufee ya n'ime ụlọ.

Ọ bụrụ na nwa akwụkwọ na-eme egwuregwu maara na ha nwere Sickle Cell Trait (HbAS), a machibidoro ha iwu igwu egwuregwu varsity?

Mba - ** enweghị onye na-eme egwuregwu nwere àgwà Sickle Cell (`HbAS`) a napụrụ ya n'egwuregwu ọ bụla**. Ọtụtụ puku ndị NCAA na ndị ọkachamara na-eme egwuregwu na-asọ mpi n'enweghị nsogbu na Sickle Cell Trait kwa ụbọchị. Kama, ịmara onye na-eme egwuregwu `HbAS` Ọkwa na-enye ndị nkuzi na ndị na-enye ọzụzụ egwuregwu ohere mejuputa ebumnuche ** kpachara anya n'àgwà Sickle Cell **: **(1)** Ikwe ka onye na-eme egwuregwu na-ewuli ọnọdụ oyi nke nta nke nta karịa ịgba ọsọ ule ụbọchị-1 oge mile/gasser; **(2)** Ịkwụsị izu ike okpukpu abụọ na oge mgbake n'etiti nkwugharị sprint; **(3)** Ịgbaghara onye na-eme egwuregwu n'oge oge na-agba ọsọ na oke okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ elu elu (`above 1,500 meters / 5,000 feet`); ** (4)** Na-eme ka hydration na-aga n'ihu; na **(5)** Na-enye ndị na-eme egwuregwu ike ịpụ n'egwuregwu ọ bụla ozugbo ọ na-enwe mmetụta ụkwụ na-adịghị ahụkebe, azụ azụ, ma ọ bụ adịghị ike dị ala n'atụghị egwu ntaramahụhụ.

Ọ dịtụla mgbe anyị ga-ewepụ okpu agha bọọlụ ma ọ bụ onye ọkpụkpọ lacrosse n'ọhịa n'oge njide obi mberede ma ọ bụ mgbatị ahụ na-ekpo ọkụ?

Ee. Na ** Mgba ọkụ ọkụ`EHS`)**, ọ dịghị trauma cervical cervical, na okpu agha na ubu na ọnyà conductive okpomọkụ: ** wepụ ma okpu agha na ubu pad ozugbo** tupu eweda onye na-eme egwuregwu n'ime mmiri oyi immersion tub. Na ** njide obi na mberede (`SCA`***, ma ọ bụrụ na onye na-eme egwuregwu daa n'enweghị olu / isi trauma, ** bepụ uwe elu na n'ihu eriri ubu ozugbo iji kpughee igbe na-adịghị ahụ maka CPR na AED pad placement **, ma wepụ ihe mkpuchi ihu (`or helmet/pads`) maka ikuku ventilashion nyere ya ** anaghị egbu oge ịmalite mkpakọ obi ma ọ bụ na-ebunye ujo AED ***.

** Ọzụzụ akwadoro: *** Onye ntorobịa ọ bụla, ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, na onye nkuzi kọleji, onye ọka ikpe, na nne na nna nọ n'akụkụ kwesịrị mezue akwụkwọ asambodo enyemaka mbụ ** CPR, AED na egwuregwu ** site na American Red Cross, American Heart Association, St John Ambulance, ma ọ bụ National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS Learn), ma megharịa ebe ha ga-anọ (Atụmatụ ime ihe mberede).EAP** na elekere elekere tupu omume mbụ nke oge ọ bụla.

Ntuziaka emetụtara

Isi mmalite na nduzi ọchịchị

  • ** National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA, United States) **: * Nkwupụta Ọnọdụ: Ọrịa Na-ahụ Maka Ahụ Ike (Rectal Thermometry Standard and On-Site Cold-water immersion "Cool First, Transport Second" Mandate) na * Nkwupụta Nkwekọrịta: Njikwa siri ike nke merụrụ ahụ ma ọ bụ ọrịa na-arịa ọrịa, SClest Athlest
  • ** Korey Stringer Institute (KSI, University of Connecticut) & American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) **: * Nkwupụta nkwenye na-ahụ maka nlekọta ụlọ ọgwụ na-emega ahụ ọkụ, Tarp-enyere aka jụrụ oyi na Oscillation (TACO), na State High School Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) Amụma Amụma.
  • ** Inter-Association Task Force maka igbochi ọnwụ mberede na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị & Collegiate Conditioning Sessions (NCAA / NATA / NSCA / American Heart Association) **: * Ntụnye maka Ịghọta na Ijikwa Mkpọchi obi na mberede (3-Nkeji AED Target, Myoclonic Seizure Activity) / Ịrịa ọrịa na ndị na-eme egwuregwu nwere àgwà Sickle Cell (HbAS).
  • ** American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) & National Association of EMS Physicians (NAEMSP) **: * Nkwekọrịta Amụma Resource na Education Akwụkwọ: Prehospital Management of Exertional Heat Stroke (Na-emecha na saịtị oyi-mmiri mmiri tupu EMS Ambulance Transport).
  • ** Ụlọ Ọrụ Maka Mgbochi na Mgbochi Ọrịa (CDC, United States) **: * Ọrịa ọkụ n'etiti ndị na-eme egwuregwu ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na àgwà Sickle Cell (HbAS) Nchekwa mmega ahụ dị mma.