Ihe Ntụgharị Catalytic Ezuru n'okpuru ụgbọ ala adọbawara: mkpọpu ọkụ mepere emepe na-ebigbọ, Mwepu Carbon Monoxide Cabin, yana mmebi ihe mmetụta sensọ O2.¶

Ịmalite ụgbọ ala gị n'ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala, ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala na họtel, ụlọ ọdụ ụgbọ elu, ma ọ bụ okporo ụzọ ebe obibi ga-agbaji naanị ** ntị chiri, mkpọtụ ọla na-adịghị agwụ agwụ (110 to 125 decibels** na uzuzu ikuku siri ike pụtara na ndị ohi abanyela n'okpuru ụgbọ ala gị wee wepụ ihe ntụgharị ** catalytic ** site na iji igwe na-emegharị batrị na-enweghị eriri.Sawzall) n'ime 45 ruo 90 sekọnd. Ndị ohi na-achọ ndị ntụgharị catalytic n'ihi na mkpụrụ osisi seramiiki mmanụ aṅụ dị n'ime ite igwe anaghị agba nchara bụ ihe atọ dị oké ọnụ ahịa ** Platinum-Group Metals (PGMs*** rhodium** (nke a na-eji ihe ruru okpukpu iri ọnụ ahịa ọla edo), ** palladium** na platinum, nke na-ekpochapụ ihe na-egbu egbu ** carbon monoxide (carbon monoxide).CO***, hydrocarbon adịghị ọkụ (HCna nitrogen oxides (NOx) site na iyuzucha engine. Ụgbọ ala ngwakọ (Toyota Prius, Camry/RAV4 Hybrid, Honda Insight/CR-V, Lexus CT/RX), gwongworo dị elu na SUVs (Ford F-150/F-250/E-Series, Toyota Tacoma/Tundra/Sequoia, Chevrolet Silverado, Honda Element/CR-V/Accord, Mitsubishi Outlander), na ụgbọ ala nnyefe azụmahịa (Mercedes Sprinter, Ford Transit, Ram ProMaster) bụ ndị kacha ewu ewu n'ụwa niile.

Ọ bụ ezie na mkpọtụ na-ekewa ntị na ihe ngbanwe nke $1,500 ruo $4,500 na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ, ihe egwu anụ ahụ dị n'ịkwọ ụgbọ nwere ihe ntụgharị catalytic na-apụ apụ bụ okpukpu abụọ: **(1) Na-egbu egbu, Carbon Monoxide na-enweghị isi.COgas *** (10,000 to 30,000 parts per million, ihe ruru ugboro 30 dị elu karịa ikuku ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri catalyzed) ugbu a na-agbawa site na ọkpọkọ mepere emepe na-akwụsị ozugbo n'okpuru bọọdụ dị n'ihu na njikwa etiti, ebe a na-etinye ya n'ime ụlọ ndị njem site na akpụkpọ ụkwụ shifter, steering kọlụm grommets, na ikuku HVAC; na ** (2) mmebi ihe nkwụghachi ụgwọ-hụrụ agụba *** ka nrụgide * * ahịrị ọkọnọ mmanụ ụgbọ ala ***, ahịrị ahịrị breeki hydraulic **, ** eriri ọkụ oroma ngwakọ dị elu **, na ** oxygen (O2) / oke mmanụ ikuku (AFR) Ihe nrụnye wiring sensọ *** (nke na-adị mkpụmkpụ nkeji njikwa igwe ECU 12-volt kpo oku circuit fuse). Ọ bụrụ na onye ọ bụla nọ n'ime ụgbọ ala ahụ na-ama jijiji, ọgbụgbọ, ma ọ bụ isi ọkụ, mechie engine ozugbo, pụọ n'ikuku ọhụrụ, ma kpọọ nọmba mberede mpaghara gị (911 na United States na Canada, 112 gafee European Union, 999 na United Kingdom; lee nọmba mberede). Maka ihe egwu ụgbọ ala metụtara, hụ Ngwunye na-agbaba n'ime ụlọ ụgbọ ala, nkwụsị ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri snow, na nsị CO, Ọdịda brek mgbe ị na-anya ụgbọ ala, na Nrụzi n'akụkụ ụzọ mberede na nchọpụta nsogbu.

Mee nke a ugbu a¶

1. ** Mechie engine OFF ozugbo ọ bụrụ na ịnọ n'ime ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala, ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala n'okpuru ala, ma ọ bụ ụgbọ ala : Na-enweghị ihe ntụgharị catalytic, ikuku mmanụ ọkụ na-amalite oyi nwere ** 2 ruo 5% (20,000 to 50,000 ppmCarbon monoxide (dị ọcha)CO, nke nwere ike iru National Institute for Safety and Health Ọrụ (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health).NIOSH) ** dị ize ndụ ozugbo ndụ ma ọ bụ ahụike (IDLH) ọnụ ụzọ nke 1,200 ppm** n'ime ụgbọ ala adọbanyere ma ọ bụ ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala n'ihe na-erughị sekọnd 90 **.
2. ** Nwalee pedal nke ọma wee lelee n'okpuru ụgbọ ala maka mmiri na-asọpụta TUPU ebugharị ụgbọ ala otu mita *: Ndị ohi na-eji igwe na-ahụ anya n'ọchịchịrị. 23-centimeter (9-inch) agụba na-emegharị emegharị na-agbaji oge niile site na ahịrị breeki hydraulic nchara , ** ahịrị mmanụ na-akpata nrụgide naịlọn, ma ọ bụ ** ahịrị mgbake ọkụ na-ajụ oyi (Toyota Prius) jikọtara n'akụkụ okporo ụzọ etiti dị n'akụkụ ọkpọkọ iyuzucha. Pịa pedal breeki siri ike maka sekọnd iri; Ọ bụrụ na ọ dabara n'ala, ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na ị na-esi mmanụ mmanụ ma ọ bụ hụ ka mmiri na-asọpụta, ** ebidola ma ọ bụ bugharịa ụgbọ ala ***.
3. ** Jiri ọkụ ekwentị ama ama gị nyochaa n'okpuru maka ịgba egwu O2 wires sensọ na eriri ngwakọ oroma ***: Lee anya n'okpuru ọnụ ụzọ ihu n'ọwara ikuku. Ọ bụrụ na ịkpụ ** wires sensọ oxygen *** na-agbadata na-emetụ ọkpọkọ igwe na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla ma ọ bụ na-agbagharị agbagharị, ha nwere ike belata EFI / ECU Heater Fuse ma kwụsị injin na okporo ụzọ. Na ụgbọ ala ngwakọ (Prius, RAV4 Hybrid), nyochaa na nnukwu ** na-egbuke egbuke-oroma elu voltaji (200V to 650V DC) Igwe ọkụ na-agba ọsọ n'okpuru ala ala adịghị agụba agụba.
4. **Ejila ọkpọkọ iyuzucha n'ihu mepere emepe ma ọ bụ kwọọ ụgbọ ala na njem awara awara.600 C / 1,100 F Mmetụta Blowtorch dị n'okpuru) *: nkụnye eji isi mee ma ọ bụ mkpọpu n'ihu ** 500-to-650-degree-Celsius (930-to-1,200-degree-Fahrenheit) gas na-ekpochapụ ozugbo na asphalt, igwe na-ebufe roba, tank mmanụ rọba, na mkpuchi ụgbọ ala kapeeti, na-eme ka ọkụ na-enwu ọkụ, na-akpata nnukwu ọkụ. CO nsị.
5. ** Ọ bụrụ na ị ga-ebupụ ụgbọ ala ahụ ihe dị ka narị mita ole na ole n'ime ebe gbara ọchịchịrị na-adịghị mma iji chere gwongworo tow ***: tụgharịa ** windo akụkụ anọ niile gbadaa kpamkpam *** (100% open), tọọ onye na-ahụ maka ihu igwe na ** Ọhụrụ n'èzí ikuku (Recirculate OFF) n'ọsọ ikuku kacha elu *** iji kpagide ụlọ, ọ dịghị mgbe ọ bụla ịnọ ọdụ na-enweghị ọrụ, kwụsịkwa ozugbo ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-esi uzuoku ma ọ bụ nwee isi ọwụwa.
6. ** Wepụta akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị uwe ojii n'ebe ihe ahụ mere, see foto mkpịrịka ahụ, ma kpọọ onye na-ebu mkpuchi akpaaka gị Comprehensive Auto Insurance ***: Mepụta nke ọma n'okpuru foto na-egosi mbelata nkwụghachi dị ọcha na nke na-egbu maramara na ọkpọkọ ikuku na mbelata ọ bụla. O2 wires sensọ tupu gwongworo na-ebu ụgbọ ala ahụ, nweta ** Nọmba mkpesa ihe mberede ndị uwe ojii **, wee rịọ OEM ma ọ bụ ikike steeti (CARB / EPA / UNECE R103) ngbanwe akụkụ gbakwunyere ** catalytic converter mgbochi izu ohi ọta ** n'oge mmezi.

Osisi mkpebi: Ngwa ngwa n'akụkụ okporo ụzọ mgbe ezuru ihe ntụgharị catalytic gị¶

flowchart TD
    Roar["Mmalite igwe: Na-eme mkpọtụ na-adaghị ụda (110+ dB) na ịma jijiji n'ala"] --> ShutOff["1. Gbanyụọ injin ozugbo (ọkachasị ma ọ bụrụ na Garage ma ọ bụ Carport)"]
    ShutOff --> BrakeTest["2. Pịa breeki pedal siri ike maka sekọnd 10 & Sniff maka mmanụ ọkụ ọkụ"]
    BrakeTest --> FluidCheck{"Pedal breeki ọ na-emikpu n'ala, ma ọ bụ mmiri na-agbapụta / na-esi mmanụ n'okpuru ụgbọ ala?"}
    FluidCheck -->|"Ee: Bee ahịrị breeki, Ahịrị mmanụ, ma ọ bụ Coolant Hose"| NoMove["Amalitela ma ọ bụ kwọọ ụgbọala: Hụrụ Agụba Cut Critical Lines. Hapụ adọba ụgbọala, kpọọ akwa akwa, gwa ndị uwe ojii mara ma mmanụ na-agbapụta"]
    FluidCheck -->|"Mba: brek pedal Firm & Mmiri mmiri efu efu"| LightInspect["3. Na-enwu ọkụ ekwentị n'okpuru etiti ụgbọ ala (Anarala n'okpuru ụgbọ ala a na-adọpụghị)"]
    LightInspect --> HybridCheck{"Ụgbọ ala ọ bụ ngwakọ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, Prius) nwere eriri oroma High-Voltage Nicked?"}
    HybridCheck -->|"Ee: Oroma HV Cable Cut"| HVLockout["Ihe ize ndụ dị elu: Emetụla aka n'okpuru mmadụ ma ọ bụ malite ụgbọ ala. Kpọọ ụgbọ ala akwadoro maka ngwakọ mebiri emebi"]
    HybridCheck -->|"Mba: Naanị anwụrụ ọkụ & O2 Sensor Cut"| SafeSpot{"Ị dọbakwara n'ebe dị mma ka ị chere maka ụgbọ ala ebughị ibu?"}
    SafeSpot -->|"Ee: Ụzọ ụgbọ ala echekwara ma ọ bụ Lot nwere ọkụ nke ọma"| WaitTow["Chere n'èzí ụgbọala. Seta foto nke shụchara, mkpesa ndị uwe ojii, kpọọ mkpuchi mkpuchi zuru oke n'akụkụ okporo ụzọ"]
    SafeSpot -->|"Mba: tọrọ atọ n'ebe gbara ọchịchịrị na-adịghị mma (Ekwesịrị ịkwaga <1 km gaa n'ọtụtụ ebe nchekwa nke ọma)"| ShortMove["Tụgharịa 4 niile Windows 100% Down, Tọọ HVAC na Fresh Air Max Fan, Zip-Tie Dangling O2 Waya Kpochapụ Driveshaft, Na-anya nwayọ nwayọ (<40 km / h) Naanị ka Ebe Nchekwa kacha nso & Gbanyụọ"]

Anatomi nke izu ohi ihe ngbanwe catalytic 60-sekọnd: Ihe a na-ahụ anya na-egbutu n'okpuru ụgbọ ala gị.¶

Iji ghọta ihe kpatara ụgbọ ala gị nwere ike tụfuo brek, ihicha mmiri oyi, ma ọ bụ fụfu nnukwu injin kọmputa ya mgbe izu ohi catalytic, lelee ihe dị n'ime ** 2 ruo 5 centimeters (1 ruo 2 sentimita asatọ)** nke ọkpọkọ iyuzucha n'ime ọwara etiti:

===========================================================================
     UNDERBODY CHASSIS TUNNEL: WHAT THIEVES CUT WITH A RECIPROCATING SAW
===========================================================================

   [ FRONT ENGINE MANIFOLD ]
              ||
              ||  <--- CUT #1 (Front Cut): Often slices Upstream AFR / O2
              ||       Sensor wire (12V heater shorts to ground -> Blows
        - - - - - -     ECU/EFI Fuse) or cuts exhaust flange studs.
      (   MISSING  )
      (  CATALYTIC )   Adjacent within 3 cm (1.2 in) of Saw Blade Stroke:
      (  CONVERTER )   - Bundled Steel Hydraulic Rear Brake Lines
      (  ASSEMBLY  )   - Pressurized Nylon Fuel Supply & EVAP Vapor Lines
       - - - - - -     - Bright Orange Hybrid High-Voltage DC Cables
              ||       - Toyota Prius Exhaust Heat Recirculation Coolant Hoses
              ||  <--- CUT #2 (Rear Cut): Leaves a jagged, open pipe stub
              ||       aimed directly at the plastic fuel tank, driveshaft
   [ REAR MUFFLER ]    carrier bearing, or rubber floorpan undercoating.
===========================================================================

Ihe nbibi 5 zoro ezo iji lelee tupu ịtụgharị igodo ọzọ¶

Kedu ihe kpatara ị ga-eji dọkpụrụ (ịghara ịnya) ụgbọ ala nwere ihe ntụgharị catalytic zuru ezu¶

Mgbe a na-awụpụ ihe ntụgharị catalytic, ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ ala na-ajụkarị ma ha nwere ike itinye ihe nkwụnye ntị ma jiri nkeji 30 gbadaa n'okporo ụzọ awara awara gaa na-arụzi ụgbọala. Ma ndị nyocha ọkụ ụgbọ ala na ndị dibia bekee na mberede na-adụ ọdụ siri ike ** ịdọrọ ụgbọ ala n'elu akwa akwa ma ọ bụ na-ebuli elu ** kama ịkwọ ya n'okporo ụzọ:

1. ** Nnukwu Carbon MonoxideCO) Nsi n'ime ụlọ ***:
2. N'ime ụgbọ ala nkịtị nwere ihe ntụgharị catalytic na-adịghị emebi emebi na ọkpọ ọdụ, ọkpọ ọdụ CO bụ <100 ppm wee pụọ n'azụ mpaghara ọgba aghara n'azụ.
3. Ebe ihe ntụgharị catalytic na-efu, ** iyuzucha injin na-adịghị agwụ agwụ (15,000 to 35,000 ppm CO*** na-atụba ya ozugbo n'ime akpa ikuku kwụsiri ike n'okpuru bọọdụ ihu. Aru ụgbọ ala ọ bụla nwere ọtụtụ rubber pass-through grommets (steering shaft seal, shift cable boot, AC evaporator drain tube, back body pressure-relief flapper vents n'azụ bompa) na-adọta uzuzu n'ime ụlọ n'ime ụlọ mgbe ọ bụla ụgbọ ala na-akwụsịlata, na-akwụsị na ọkụ na-acha uhie uhie, ma ọ bụ na-agba ọsọ nke ime ụlọ. Recirculate.
4. Na 1,600 ppm nke CO n'ikuku ụlọ, onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala na-ebute isi ọwụwa ihu na-akụda mmụọ, ọhụụ ọwara, oge mmeghachi omume breeki na-egbu oge, na mgbagwoju anya n'ime nkeji iri na ise ruo iri abụọ **, na-eduga n'ihe mberede okporo ụzọ na-agba ọsọ. Lee Ngwunye na-agbaba n'ime ụlọ ụgbọ ala, nkwụsị ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri snow, na nsị CO.
5. ** Nke 600 C (1,100 F) Ihe ize ndụ ọkụ n'okpuru anụ ọkụ ***:
6. Ihe ngbanwe catalytic nke ụlọ ọrụ na-agba ya gburugburu site na mkpuchi mkpuchi mkpuchi aluminom nke nwere ọtụtụ ihe n'ihi na iyuzucha na-ahapụ ọtụtụ ihe ruru ** 550 ruo 750 Celsius (1,020 ruo 1,380 degrees Fahrenheit) *** n'okpuru ibu.
7. Mgbe ebipụrụ onye ntụgharị ahụ, ọkpọkọ na-emeghe n'ihu na-atụ aka dị ka ọkụ ọkụ kwụ ọtọ na paịlị mmanụ na-ebufe **, ** rọba driveshaft flex diski.guibo) ma ọ bụ ihe na-ebu ibu ***, ** tank mmanụ plastik ***, na ** bitumen n'okpuru anụ ahụ na-egbu egbu **, nke nwere ike ịgbanye ọkụ n'okporo ụzọ awara awara.
8. ** Ikuku na-enweghị atụ na mkpofu mmanụ emeghe-loop (Upstream O2 Sensor Missing***:
9. Ọ bụrụ na ndị ohi na-egbutu ọkpọkọ ** n'ihu ma ọ bụ site na Upstream Air-Fuel Ratio (Bank 1 Sensor 1sensọ *, modul njikwa engine (ECM) na-efunahụ loop nzaghachi mbụ ya maka njikwa ngwakọta mmanụ, ma ọ bụ ihe mmetụta fọdụrụnụ na-agụ 21% oxygen site n'ikuku dị n'èzí na-agbaba n'ime ọkpọkọ mepere emepe. Nke ECM na-akọwa nke a dị ka ọnọdụ siri ike yana ** na-atụfu mmanụ ọkụ bara ụba nke ukwuu (+25% to +35% mkpụbelata mmanụ ọkụ) n'ime cylinders, na-asa mmanụ na mgbidi cylinder ma na-efesa mmanụ ọkụ na-adịghị ọkụ na-agbapụta ọkpọkọ mepere emepe n'okpuru ụgbọ ala ahụ.

Akwụkwọ nzọụkwụ site na nzọụkwụ, mkpesa ndị uwe ojii, na usoro mkpuchi mkpuchi¶

Ihe ntụgharị catalytic zuru ezu bụ izu ohi mpụ (Grand Larceny / Felony Property Theft n'ọtụtụ ikike) ma kpuchie ya n'okpuru akụkụ ** Comprehensive ("Ndị ọzọ karịa nkukota")** nke amụma mkpuchi akpaaka gị:

Otu esi egbochi izu ohi ọzọ: Ihe kpatara ndị ohi ji alaghachi n'otu ụzọ ụgbọ ala ka izu atọ gachara¶

Ndị na-ezu ohi catalytic a haziri ahazi na-edobe ndekọ adreesị na ebe ndị na-adọba ụgbọala ebe ha zuru onye ntụgharị OEM, n'ihi na ha maara na ụlọ ọrụ inshọransị ga-etinye ihe ntụgharị catalytic ọhụrụ ** $ 2,500 OEM nke jupụtara na rhodium na palladium ọhụrụ n'ime izu 2 ruo 4 **.

===========================================================================
        HOW AN ANTI-THEFT CATALYTIC CONVERTER SHIELD PROTECTS THE PIPE
===========================================================================

   [ ENGINE FLOORPAN / FRAME RAIL ]              [ FRAME RAIL ]
         |                                              |
         |  <-- Tamper-Proof Security Bolts             |
         v      (Recessed Penta-Head / Shear Nuts)      v
   +----------------------------------------------------------+
   |    3.2 mm (1/8 in) Marine-Grade 5052 Aluminum or         |
   |    304 Stainless Steel Stamped Skid-Plate Shield         |
   |    (Covers Front & Rear Saw-Cut Access Points + O2 Wire) |
   +----------------------------------------------------------+
     \_________[ Louvered Heat-Dissipation Vents ]__________/

Ntụle nke ihe ntụgharị ngwaọrụ mgbochi izu ohi nke catalytic¶

Nọmba mberede mpaghara, mkpesa izu ohi, na iwu ngbanwe ikuku¶

Ajụjụ a na-ajụkarị¶

Kedu ihe kpatara ụgbọ ala m ji daa na mberede wee jụ ịmalitegharị nkeji ole na ole ka m nwara iji ihe ntụgharị catalytic ezuru kwọọ ya?¶

Mgbe ndị ohi na-ahụ site na ọkpọkọ iyuzucha, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mgbe niile na-esi na eriri wiring nke Oxygen (O2) ma ọ bụ Air-Fuel Ratio (AFR) sensọ etinyere na ntụgharị. N'ime eriri ịkpụ ahụ bụ waya dị mma nke 12-volt maka ihe mmetụta ọkụ seramiiki ihe mmetụta, nke a na-agbanye n'otu sekit fuse dị ka Module Control Engine (ECM), mmanụ ọkụ, ma ọ bụ mgbapụta mgbapụta mmanụ (nke a na-akpọkarị EFI MAIN, ENG CTRL, ma ọ bụ INJ n'ime igbe mkpuchi mkpuchi). Ka ị na-anya ụgbọ ala, waya ọla kọpa na-agba agba na-adagide na etiti igwe ma ọ bụ draịva, na-eke obere mkpụmkpụ n'ala nke na-efesa fiusi isi EFI wee mechie injin ahụ. Onye na-arụzi ụgbọala ga-eji teepu ma ọ bụ wepụ ihe njigide O2 ịkpụ n'elu njikọ ya ma dochie fiusi n'okpuru mkpuchi nke fụrụ afụ tupu injin amalitekwa ọzọ.

Ọ bụ iwu kwadoro ma ọ bụ na ọ dị mma ịnweta ụlọ ahịa muffler weld ọkpọkọ kwụ ọtọ dị ọnụ ala n'ọnọdụ ihe ntụgharị catalytic m zuru ohi ruo mgbe akụkụ azụ azụ rutere?¶

Mba. N'okpuru iwu gọọmenti etiti United States (Clean Air Act Nkebi 203), UK Construction and Use Regulations, European Union roadworthiness direction, and Australian EPA laws, ọ bụ iwu na-akwadoghị maka ụlọ ahịa ọ bụla na-arụzi ụlọ ma ọ bụ onye ọ bụla iji wụnye ọkpọkọ ule ziri ezi ma ọ bụ na-agafe tube ebe ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe catalytic nwere, ọbụna nwa oge ka ọ na-echere akụkụ azụ azụ, na ụgwọ ụlọ ahịa karịrị $ 4.500. Na-enweghị akwa kemịkalụ oxidation nke na-agbanwe catalytic, ọdụdụ ọdụ gị na-ebunye ọkwa Carbon Monoxide (CO) ugboro 20 ruo 30 ma na-akpalite koodu mmejọ nyocha nke injin (P0420).

Kedu ihe kpatara eji echere ụgbọ ala ngwakọ dị ka Toyota Prius ugboro ugboro karịa ụgbọ ala gas?¶

Ndị ohi na-achọ ụgbọ ala ngwakọ, ọkachasị ụdị 2004 ruo 2015 Toyota Prius, Honda Insights, na ngwakọ Lexus, maka ebumnuche ọla abụọ akọwapụtara. Nke mbụ, n'ihi na mmanụ ụgbọala ngwakọ na-emechi ugboro ugboro ka ọ na-akwọ ụgbọala na batrị eletrik, usoro ikpochapu na-agba ọsọ na-ekpo ọkụ karịa ụgbọ ala mmanụ ụgbọala, na-achọ ka ndị na-emepụta ihe na-ebuba nnukwu rhodium dị oké ọnụ ahịa, palladium na platinum n'elu mmanụ aṅụ seramiiki ka o wee nwee ike ime ka ihe ndị na-emerụ emerụ na obere okpomọkụ. Nke abụọ, n'ihi na ngwakọ mmanụ ụgbọala na-agba ọsọ awa ole na ole ma na-enwe mmetụta dị ala na-emebi emebi, ọla ndị dị oké ọnụ ahịa dị n'ime ihe ntụgharị Prius na-anọgide na-adị ọcha ma na-enye ụgwọ ego dị elu na ahịa ojii.

Ịgba akwụkwọ mkpuchi ụgbọ ala maka onye ntụgharị catalytic zuru ezu ga-ebuli ọnụego mkpuchi m, gịnị ma ọ bụrụ na ha ekwuputa ụgbọ ala m meworo agadi na mfu?¶

Ekpuchiri ohi ihe ntụgharị nke catalytic n'okpuru mkpuchi nhọrọ zuru oke, ọ bụghị mkpuchi nkwekọrịta. N'ọtụtụ steeti US (dị ka California na Oklahoma) yana n'okpuru ọtụtụ amụma mkpuchi nwere mgbaghara ngbaghara zuru oke, otu izu ohi zuru oke anaghị ebuli ọkwa ọkwa gị. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na ị na-anya ụgbọala 2004 toro eto Toyota Prius ma ọ bụ Honda Element na steeti CARB ebe OEM catalytic converter na oxygen sensọ na-eri $3,200 na $4,500 na ụgbọ ala Actual Cash Value (ACV) bụ $4,500, onye insurer nwere ike ikwuwapụta ụgbọ ala ahụ bụ Economic Total Loss; n'ọtụtụ steeti, ị nwere ike họrọ mmezi nkwụghachi ụgwọ nke onye nwe, were uru mgbapụta mwepu na deductible, wee kwụọ ụgwọ maka ngbanwe nke CARB kwadoro n'onwe gị.

Gịnị mere ụfọdụ ụgbọ ala ji enwe abụọ ma ọ bụ anọ catalytic converters, na ndị ohi hà zuru ha niile?¶

gwongworo V6 na V8 na SUV (dị ka Ford F-150, Toyota Tundra, Tacoma, Sequoia, na Nissan Titan) nwere ụlọ akụ abụọ na-ekpocha ọkụ nwere ihe ntụgharị catalytic abụọ dị elu na ndị na-atụgharị catalytic abụọ dị n'okpuru anụ ahụ (mkpokọta ndị ntụgharị anọ), ebe ọtụtụ ụgbọ ala cylinder anọ nwere igwe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ n'ihu na nke abụọ na-ekpo ọkụ. onye ntụgharị n'okpuru ụlọ. Ndị ohi na-ahụkarị ndị ntụgharị n'okpuru ala dị mfe n'ime sekọnd 60 wee hapụ nnukwu nwamba dị mkpagide n'azụ, ma ọ bụ bepụ ha anọ n'okirikiri dị elu.

Enwere m ike ịnya ụgbọ ala m ma ọ bụrụ na m na-eyi naanị earplug iji gbochie oke mkpọtụ ikuku?¶

Atụkwasịla obi na nkwụnye ntị ma kwọọ ụgbọ ala nwere ihe ntụgharị catalytic gbapụrụ agbapụ. Earplugs na-ekpuchi mkpọtụ ụda ụda nke decibel 115-decibel ka ọ na-eme ihe ọ bụla iji kwụsị ihe egwu abụọ ahụ: Carbon Monoxide (CO) na-enweghị agba, na-esi ísì ụtọ na-esi na akpụkpọ ụkwụ na-atụgharị na firewall grommets kpọmkwem n'okpuru oche gị, na 600-degree-Celsius (1,100-degree), na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ na-egbuke egbuke na eriri plastik na-ekpo ọkụ. n'okpuru ahu wiwi.

Ntuziaka emetụtara¶

• Ngwunye na-agbaba n'ime ụlọ ụgbọ ala, nkwụsị ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri snow, na nsị CO
• Ohi ihe ngbanwe nke catalytic, uzuoku na-ekpochapụ n'ime ụlọ, na bee mmanụ ọkụ ma ọ bụ ahịrị breeki
• Ọdịda brek mgbe ị na-anya ụgbọ ala
• Ịkpọfe ọkụ ụgbọ ala, uzuoku n'okpuru mkpuchi, yana nchebe isi gasket
• Nrụzi n'akụkụ ụzọ mberede na nchọpụta nsogbu

Isi mmalite na nduzi ọchịchị¶

• Ụlọ ọrụ National Institute for Safety and Health Ọrụ (NIOSH, United States) & Ụlọ Ọrụ Maka Nchịkwa na Mgbochi Ọrịa (CDC): * Ngwa ngwa dị ize ndụ nye ndụ ma ọ bụ ahụike (IDLH) Carbon Monoxide (CO) Concentrations (1,200 ppm) na mmanụ ụgbọala na-ekpochapụ nsị*.
• United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) & California Air Resources Board (CARB): * Iwu Ikuku dị ọcha Nkebi 203 Aftermarket Catalytic Converter Enforcement Policy and CARB Executive Order (EO) Ndochi chọrọ*.
• Ụlọ Ọrụ Mpụ Mpụ nke Mba (NICB, United States) & National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA): * Mgbochi Izu Ohi, VIN Etching Standards, na Nyocha Nchekwa Brake/Fuel Line Safety *.
• United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) & UK Department for Transport (DfT): * Iwu UNECE Nke 103 (Nkwekọrịta n'Uniform gbasara nkwado nke ngbanwe nke ngwaọrụ nchịkwa mmetọ mmetọ maka ụgbọ ala na-ebugharị)*.
• Toyota Motor Corporation, Honda moto Co., & Ford moto ụlọ ọrụ: * Ozi ọrụ nka na ụzụ sensọ Oxygen Post-ezu ohi (AFRIgwe ọkụ sekit Shorting (EFI Ọkụ Fuse), Prius Exhaust Heat Recirculation (EHR) Mfu oyi, yana nwụnye ọta mgbochi izu ohi akwadoro*.