Mmebi nke griin haus, ọdịda igwe oyi oyi, yana mwepu ike mmiri¶

Ihe owuwu gburugburu ebe obibi a na-achịkwa na-ekewapụ osisi ndị dị nro site na oke ihu igwe, ma ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ na-ada ngwa ngwa mgbe ifufe na-efegharị efegharị na-akụtu ogwe ndị na-egbuke egbuke, ihe na-ekpo ọkụ bụ isi nke propane na-ekpochi n'oge oke blizzard, ma ọ bụ ikuku grid na-akwụsịtụ mgbapụta hydroponic na-emegharịghachi. Ị ga-emerịrị n'usoro siri ike nke na-echebe ndụ mmadụ pụọ na iko dara ada na carbon monoxide nke mbụ, na-emechi mmebi iwu megide ikuku na-ebuli elu nke abụọ, na-eme ka okpomọkụ dị na mpaghara mgbọrọgwụ na ikuku oxygen gbazere tupu mmebi cellular na-adịgide adịgide amalite.

Mee nke a ugbu a¶

1. ** Apụọ kpam kpam na griin haus n'oge nnukwu ifufe ma ọ bụ akụ mmiri igwe na-arụ ọrụ.** Ige mmiri na-ese n'elu ahịhịa na-ada nwere ike ịwasa akwara n'ime sekọnd. Chere ruo mgbe mgbụsị akwụkwọ kwụsịrị ma ọ bụ yikwasị okpu siri ike, mmetụta enyo nchekwa, akpụkpọ anụ akpụkpọ anụ, na akpụkpọ ụkwụ ígwè ma ọ bụrụ na ị ga-emerịrị ihe nkwụsị ọrụ mpụga.
2. ** Wepụ ikuku dị n'ime site na ịchichi mmebi nke ikuku na ime ka akụkụ ya dị ntakịrị pụta.** Ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ụzọ ma ọ bụ panel na-efeba n'ime mgbidi ikuku, ikuku na-abata na-eme ka ihe owuwu ahụ dị ka parachute ma nwee ike dọkasịa etiti ụlọ ahụ na ntọala ya. Kwado ma ọ bụ kpachie oghere ikuku site na mpụta, wee gbawaa ikuku mgbada 2 ruo 5 centimita (1 ruo 2 sentimita) iji mepụta mmịkọ na-adịghị mma.
3. ** Lelee maka carbon monoxide tupu ị banye n'ụlọ griin ha na-ajụ oyi ebe onye na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ dara.** Igwe ọkụ na-emepụtaghị ma ọ bụ nke na-adịghị arụ ọrụ nke propane, gas, ma ọ bụ kerosene na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime griin haus na-emechi emechi na-ewulite mkpokọta na-egbu egbu nke carbon monoxide (CO) gas. Mepee ọnụ ụzọ obosara maka nkeji 5 wee chọpụta ikuku dị mma site na iji ihe nchọpụta CO nwere batrị tupu ịbanye n'ime.
4. ** Wulite ọwara dị ala "greenhouse-in-a-greenhouse" ozugbo n'elu ihe ọkụkụ ma ọ bụrụ na ọkụ daa.** Anwala iji isi ọkụ mberede kpoo oke elu ụlọ dị ogologo. Drape spunbond ahịrị ahịrị ọrụ ugbo, ihe mkpuchi afụ, ma ọ bụ polyethylene doro anya n'elu eriri waya 30 ruo 60 centimeters (12 ruo 24 sentimita) n'elu mkpuchi osisi iji jide okpomọkụ ala n'akụkụ akwụkwọ ya.
5. ** Wetuo tebụl idei mmiri ma wetuo ọkwa mmiri dị omimi site na otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ mgbe ike hydroponic nwụrụ.** Mkpọrọgwụ osisi ndị dị n'ime mmiri na-ata ahụhụ ozugbo mmiri na-adịghị na-efunahụ oxygen ya gbazere. N'ime bọket Omenala miri emi (DWC), gbapụta ihe ngwọta na-edozi ahụ nke ọma iji kpughee elu 5 ruo 8 centimeters (2 ruo 3 inch) nke mgbọrọgwụ uka na ikuku iru mmiri ka mgbọrọgwụ na-eku ume oxygen ozugbo.
6. ** Gbanyụọ alụlụ n'elu akpaaka na mmiri oyi tupu okpomọkụ abịarute na-ajụ oyi.** Akwụkwọ mmiri mmiri na-ajụ ngwa ngwa karịa akwụkwọ akọrọ. Otú ọ dị, iji mmiri ọkụ na-ejupụta n'ala ala na-adịghị ahụ ọkụ n'isi ụtụtụ na-eme ka nchekwa ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ.

Usoro nrụ ọrụ mberede mberede: mmebi nke glazing, ifriizi ịgbanyụ ọkụ, ma ọ bụ nkwụsị mgbapụta¶

Jiri osisi mkpebi a na-ebute ụzọ nkwụsi ike nhazi, njide okpomọkụ, na ikuku oxygenation nke mpaghara mgbọrọgwụ n'oge ihe mberede ikuku.

flowchart TD
    A["Achọpụtara Mberede Greenhouse"] --> B{"Kedu usoro ọdịda mbụ?"}
    B -->|"Glazing gbajiri / Poly dọwara"| C["Nọpụnụ ma ọ bụrụ na iko na-ada; Gbanyụọ akụrụngwa na mpụga"]
    B -->|"Igwe ọkụ ọkụ / Blizzard"| D["Lelee maka CO gas mbụ; Akara Drafts na ventilashị"]
    B -->|"Hydroponic mgbapụta nkwụsị"| E{"Kedu ihe owuwu Hydroponic na-agba ọsọ?"}
    C --> F["Mepee ikuku nke mbụ iji kwụsị nkwalite Parachute"]
    F --> G["Mmebi akpụkpọ ahụ na Wiggle Wire, Batten Tape, ma ọ bụ Twin-Wall"]
    D --> H["Kpuchie ahịrị ahịrị dị ala dị n'ime ma tinye oke mmiri ọkụ"]
    E -->|"NFT / Aeroponics (Mkpọrọgwụ akọrọ)"| I["Mmiri Aka Kwa nkeji 30 ruo 60 ma ọ bụ bugharịa ite ụgbụ na traịs"]
    E -->|"DWC/Ebb-na-efegharị (Akpọbatara)"| J["Tebụl Iju Mmiri na-asọpu; Wedata mmiri DWC site na 30% iji kpughee mgbọrọgwụ ikuku"]

Nkebi 1: Igwe ikuku na-egbuke egbuke na-agbaji, anya mmiri ihe nkiri poly, na nkwalite ihe owuwu¶

Mgbe oké égbè eluigwe, derecho, oké ifufe, ma ọ bụ oké ifufe oyi na-adaba na griin haus, nlanarị nhazi na-adabere na njikwa nrụgide ikuku na àgwà ihe na-egbuke egbuke.

Kedu ihe kpatara griin haus ji agbawa n'èzí na oke ifufe (mmetụta parachute)¶

Ikuku dị elu na-emebi ụlọ griin haus site na ** elu ikuku na-ebuli elu yana nrụgide nkwụsị nke ime ụlọ ***:

1. ** Mpụga Bernoulli: *** Ifufe na-agbago n'elu ụlọ hoop gbagọrọ agbagọ ma ọ bụ elu ụlọ elu na-emepụta mpaghara mmiri dị ala n'elu crest ụlọ na mkpọda ugwu, na-eji ike karịrị 70 ruo 120 kilogram kwa mita square (15 ruo 25 pound kwa square ụkwụ).
2. ** Nrụgide dị n'ime: *** Ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ụzọ ikuku na-ada ada nke ọma, louver na-akụrisị, ma ọ bụ uwe mwụda polyethylene ikuku na-ewepụ na ọwa baseboard ya, ikuku na-abata n'ime ime wee kpalite nrụgide dị n'ime. Nrụgide dị n'ime elu jikọtara ya na mmịpụta ikuku ikuku na-adọka ogwe ihe na-egbuke egbuke aluminom, na-esi na ọwa H-ha na-apụta polycarbonate panel, ma ọ bụ na-ewepụ ihe nkiri polyethylene na hoops ígwè.

Nkwụsi ike ikuku ikuku mberede n'oge oké ifufe¶

• ** Kpuchie akụkụ ikuku: *** Ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ụzọ dị n'akụkụ ikuku ikuku na-ehulata n'ime, dọba ụgbọala, traktọ, ma ọ bụ akpa ájá n'akụkụ mpụta nke ọnụ ụzọ ka ọ ghara imeghe.
• ** Mechie ihe owuwu ahụ site na iji mmịnye leeward:** Debe ** ikuku ikuku 100 percent mechie, wee mepee oghere ** leeward (ifufe ala) site na 2 ruo 5 centimeters (1 ruo 2 sentimita asatọ)**. Ifufe na-agba ọsọ gafere ikuku ikuku gbawara agbawa na-adọta ikuku * pụọ na griin haus (mmetụta Venturi), na-eme ka nrụgide dị n'ime ahụ na-adịghị mma nke na-eme ka ihe nkiri polyethylene na paịlị polycarbonate gbadaa megide ọgịrịga etiti ahụ wee belata nrụgide elu ụlọ site na pasent 40.
• ** Tụfuo eriri ikuku nke mpụga n'elu ụlọ hoop balloon: ** Ọ bụrụ na akpụkpọ ahụ polyethylene a tọpụla ma na-akụda n'ike, tụba naịlọn 10-millimita (⅜-inch) ma ọ bụ eriri polypropylene ma ọ bụ eriri polyester dị larịị n'elu mpụta nke arch n'etiti oghere nke abụọ ọ bụla, na arịlịka ha ka ha gbochie n'akụkụ abụọ ma ọ bụ augers.

Ntụnyere ihe egwu na-egbuke egbuke na nrụzi mmebi ihe mberede¶

Ihe mkpuchi griin ha dị iche iche na-ada n'ụzọ dị iche iche n'okpuru ibu ifufe, akụ mmiri igwe na snow. Hazie ngwa nchebe nkeonwe gị (PPE) na usoro pachi ka ọ bụrụ ụdị enyo gị.

Ihe nkiri poly-film ihe mberede na nzọụkwụ-site-nzọụkwụ yana skinning glass-bay na ihu igwe oyi¶

teepu duct ọkọlọtọ na-ada n'ime awa ole na ole na griin haus n'ihi na mmiri mmiri, ụzarị UV, na okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ebibi ihe ntanye rọba eke. Jiri usoro ndị a gosipụtara n'ọhịa mgbe ị na-akwachi akụkụ nke gbapụrụ agbapụ n'oge oké ifufe:

1. ** Usoro teepu okirikiri gbara okirikiri abụọ (maka anya mmiri n'okpuru 1 mita / 3 ụkwụ):**
   • Jiri ** isopropyl mmanya na-ehichapụ akụkụ abụọ nke ihe nkiri polyethylene dọwara adọwa iji wepụ mmiri mmiri na uzuzu nke nrapado na ikuku sub-efu.
   • Kpoo akwụkwọ mpịakọta gị ** UV polyethylene griin haus teepu nrụzi ** n'ime akpa jaket gị ka nrapado acrylic wee nọgide na-adị mma.
   • Nwee onye inyeaka n'ime jide plywood ma ọ bụ kaadiboodu dị larịị n'azụ akwa ahụ ka ị na-pịa teepu poly na-ekpuchi elu n'èzí nke dọwara ahụ, na-agbatị ** 15 centimeters (6 sentimita asatọ)** gafere nsọtụ abụọ ahụ.
   • Tinyegharịa n'elu * n'ime * ka akwa abụọ ahụ na-ejikọta site na mgbawa ahụ, na ** belata akụkụ anọ ahụ ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ gbara gburugburu ** ka akụkụ square enweghị ike ijide ifufe.
2. ** The Rolled Furring-Strip Batten Splice (maka nnukwu rips ma ọ bụ n'ọnụ mmiri a gbapụrụ agbapụ):**
   • Bee 6-mil doro anya plastik ma ọ bụ griin haus poly 30 centimeters (12 inch) obosara karịa n'ọnụ mmiri mebiri emebi n'akụkụ anọ ahụ.
   • Debe elu elu nke plastik n'elu ** 19 x 38 millimita (1 x 2 inch) osisi furring strip ***, tụgharịa osisi ahụ ** ntụgharị zuru ezu ** n'ime rọba dị ka akwụkwọ mpịakọta iji kesaa esemokwu, na-ebugharị skru site na batten n'ime mmanya nkụnye eji isi mee ihe ọ bụla 30 centimeters (inch 12).
   • Dụtuo ịgbà rọba ahụ gbadaa na mkpọda ma megharịa mpịakọta batten nke nwere ntụgharị atọ n'akụkụ sill ala na rafters.
3. ** Triage Ọkụ Ọkụ Ọsọ Ọsọ Mberede (maka ụlọ poly nwere okpukpu abụọ nwere okpukpu abụọ):**
   • Ụlọ poly-layer okpukpu abụọ na-eji ikuku 50-watt na-ejigide ** 50 ruo 75 Pascals (0.2 ruo 0.3 sentimita nke kọlụm mmiri) ** nke ikuku ikuku dị n'etiti mpempe akwụkwọ, na-emepụta ohiri isi R-1.7 siri ike.
   • Ọ bụrụ na alaka gbara * naanị oyi akwa dị n'elu*, kpatụ mmamịrị dị n'elu ozugbo ka onye na-afụ ọkụ ghara ịgbanye ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime oghere ahụ.
   • Ọ bụrụ na ike grid ada n'oge oké ifufe, jikọọ 50-watt blower na batrị okirikiri miri emi **12-volt site na 150-watt inverter ** ka elu ụlọ na-anọsi ike n'oge ọ bụla.

Na-ewepu iko gbajiri agbaji na ite osisi na akwa akwa akwa n'enweghị nsogbu¶

• Tụfuo akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ mepere emepe n'okpuru nkwụsịtụ iko: Ahịhịa aka efu ma ọ bụ ihe ubi letus, akwụkwọ nri, ma ọ bụ mkpuru osisi n'okpuru iko agbajiri agbaji, ka obere ntakịrị ntakịrị na-agbanye n'ime axils akwukwo.
• ** Nzọpụta perennial ngwaahịa ma ọ bụ ite ụlọ akwụkwọ:** Yiri Kevlar na nitrile gloves, fegharịa nwa ehi n'ụzọ dị nro n'elu tarp, wee jide oghere ụlọ ahịa mmiri mmiri / akọrọ ** 1 centimita (0.4 sentimita) n'elu ala kpọrọ nkụ iji rie n'elu 2.5 centimeters (1 inch) nke nwere mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi ọhụrụ tupu ị gwakọta ya.

Nkeji 2: Igwe ọkụ n'oge oyi blizzard na nlanarị okpomọkụ¶

N'adịghị ka ụlọ mkpuchi (Mgbidi R-19 na R-38), otu iko iko ma ọ bụ poly griin haus nwere uru mkpuchi nke ** R-0.85 ruo R-0.95 **, na polycarbonate ejima bụ ** R-1.5 ruo R-2.0 **. Mgbe ikpo ọkụ na-akwụsị na ebili mmiri, griin haus na-atụfu okpomọkụ ikuku echekwara na nkeji 15 ruo 45 **.

Kwụpụ 1: Nyochaa wee malitegharịa ọkụ griin ha kpochiri akpọchi¶

Lelee ihe anọ na-akpata mkpọchi ihu igwe oyi na-emekarị tupu ị chee na igwe kpo oku agbajiwo:

1. ** Nrụgide tankị propane na-ada n'oké oyi (" tank ifriizi "): ***
   • Mmiri propane na-akwụsị esi na ** mwepu 42 degrees Celsius (mwepu 44 degrees Fahrenheit), na mgbe onye na-ekpo ọkụ na-adọta mmanụ ọkụ ngwa ngwa na ** mwepu 15 ka mwepu 25 degrees Celsius (5 ka mwepu 13 degrees Fahrenheit), evaporative jụrụ n'ime 9-kilogram (20-paụnd-pound) mmiri mmiri cylinder. ngwa ngwa na nrụgide na-adaba n'okpuru nchịkwa nchịkwa ọbụna mgbe tank ahụ zuru ọkara.
   • ** Ndozi nchekwa: ** ** Ejila ọkụ ọkụ, ọkụ na-emeghe, ma ọ bụ egbe ọkụ ọkụ na tank propane.** Wunye ** ọkụ (adịghị esi) mmiri mgbata ** n'elu ọkara ala nke cylinder na-ekpuchi ntu oyi, kechie tank ahụ n'ime mkpuchi mkpuchi (na-ahapụ valvụ dị elu na-ekpuchighị), ma ọ bụ manifold ** abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ cylinders na parallel Y* - iji a.
2. ** Ntu oyi ma ọ bụ irighiri ihe na-egbochi orifice ọkụ ma ọ bụ ọkpọkọ ihe oriri:**
   • Ọ bụrụ na onye na-anya ụgbọelu na-ejide ire ọkụ mana isi ọkụ na-emepụta ire ọkụ na-acha odo odo (nke na-ebunye carbon monoxide na ethylene), mechie gas ahụ wee kpochapụ orifice na mkpuchi ikuku site na iji ikuku mkpakọ. N'elu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ ozugbo, chọpụta n'èzí na snow na-afụ ọkụ etinyebeghị ikpochapụ ikuku ma ọ bụ ọkpọkọ oriri.
3. ** Mkpebi nke okpomọkụ: ***
   • Ndị na-ekpo ọkụ na-anya ụgbọ elu na-eji ọla kọpa ** thermocouple ** na-ekpo ọkụ nke ọkụ na-anya ụgbọelu na-emepụta 25 ruo 30 millivolts nke na-ejide valve gas mepere emepe. Ọ bụrụ na onye na-anya ụgbọelu apụọ mgbe ị tọhapụrụ bọtịnụ nrụpụta ahụ, gbachasịa ntụ ntụ ọla kọpa ahụ nke ọma na akwa emery dị mma iji wepụ soot wee gosi na ọkụ onye na-anya ụgbọelu na-ekpuchi elu 1 centimita (⅜ inch) nke ọnụ ọnụ ahụ.
4. ** Ọkụ ọkụ na-eme ka igwe ọkụ na-amanye onye ofufe:**
   • Ndị na-ekpo ọkụ gas na-agbanye n'elu ụlọ na-ere ọkụ maka okpomọkụ, mana chọrọ ** 120V/230V AC ọkụ eletrik ** (300 ruo 500 watts) iji gbanye fan axial ha ma mee ka valve gas 24-volt ume. N'oge ịgbanyụ ọkụ, gbanye eriri ọkụ ọkụ n'ime ọdụ ọkụ lithium 1,000-watt nwere ike ibugharị** ma ọ bụ igwe inverter na-adọba n'èzí opekata mpe mita 6 (ụkwụ 20)** pụọ.

Kwụpụ 2: Mechie ọnyà ọkụ convective ma wuo ọwara dị ala dị n'ime¶

Ọ bụrụ na enweghị ike iweghachi ọkụ ọkụ ahụ, mechie envelopu ma kewaa ụda ikuku n'ime nkeji 20:

• ** Ihe mkpuchi ihe na-emechi teepu na ihe ndị na-ekpocha ọkụ: ** Teepu plastik 6-mil ma ọ bụ bọọdụ ụfụfụ siri ike n'ime ụlọ ọ bụla na-ekpochapụ ikuku na ihe ndọda.
• Snow ụlọ akụ megide bọọdụ dị n'èzí: Sịpụnụ ihe nzacha ** 30 ruo 60 centimita (1 ruo 2 ụkwụ) ụlọ akụ snow** gburugburu sket mpụta. Snow na-enye R-1 kwa centimita 2.5 (1 inch) ma kwụsị ifufe ịbanye n'okpuru efere sill.
• ** Mepụta bench-level "greenhouse-in-a-greenhouse" ọwara dị ala:** Ịkpọ ọnụ ọnụ ụlọ elu na-efunahụ pasent 70 nke ike ọkụ gị. Kwuo ọkpọkọ PVC ma ọ bụ eriri waya n'ofe oche ọ bụla 30 ruo 60 centimeters (12 ruo 24 sentimita asatọ) n'elu osisi ahụ, na drape ** mkpuchi mkpuchi spunbond dị arọ ** (Agribon AG-50 ma ọ bụ AG-70) gbakwunyere akwa oyi akwa nke ** 4-mil doro anya plastic sheeting ** n'elu hoops, na-agbada n'akụkụ ala ka ọ gbadaa ala. Ọwara dị ala nke okpukpu abụọ na-edobe okpomọkụ nke akwụkwọ **5 ruo 8 degrees Celsius (9 ruo 14 degrees Fahrenheit) karịa ikuku blizzard dị n'èzí nwere mmanụ efu.

Kwụpụ 3: Wepụ isi iyi ọkụ mberede na-adịghị mma ma zere nsị nke ihe ọkụkụ ethylene¶

Akaụntụ maka gas abụọ a na-adịghị ahụ anya mgbe ị na-ahọrọ onye na-ekpo ọkụ ndabere: ** Carbon Monoxide (CO) *** (na-egbu mmadụ) na ** Ethylene ($ C_2H_4 \() na Sulfur Dioxide (\) SO_2 $) ** (na-egbu egbu na osisi na ọkwa microscopic).

1. ** Igwe ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na jerrycans (uzu efu, 100% na-echekwa ihe ọkụkụ):**
   • Ụlọ na-echekwa mmiri ** 4.184 kilojoules kwa kilogram kwa ogo Celsius (1 BTU kwa paụnd kwa degrees Fahrenheit) ** nke ezi uche okpomọkụ, gbakwunyere ** 334 kilojoules kwa kilogram (144 BTU kwa paụnd) ** nke latent okpomọkụ mgbe kefriza.
   • Jupụta ** 20-lita (5-galọn) jerrycans ma ọ bụ 200-liter (55-galọn) drum ** na ** 55 ruo 60 degrees Celsius (130 ruo 140 degrees Fahrenheit) mmiri ọkụ ** site na igwe ọkụ gas na-ekpo ọkụ n'ụlọ wee gbanye ha n'okpuru ụlọikwuu bench dị ala. Mpempe mmiri dị lita 20 nke 60 C (140 F) na-eme ka mmiri dị jụụ ruo 5 C (41 F) ntọhapụ ** 18,400 kilojoules (17,400 BTUs) ** nke okpomọkụ na-enweghị uzuzu n'ime ụlọikwuu gị ihe karịrị awa 8 ruo 10.
2. ** Igwe ọkụ na-agbasa ọkụ na ọkụ ọkụ C9 (na batrị ndabere):**
   • Ọtụtụ osisi na-adị ndụ nkenke ikuku okpomọkụ nso ** 1 ruo 2 degrees Celsius (34 ruo 36 degrees Fahrenheit) ** ma ọ bụrụ na mgbọrọgwụ mgbọrọgwụ ha na-anọ na ** 12 ruo 15 degrees Celsius (54 ruo 59 degrees Fahrenheit) ***. Nkwụnye ** 20-watt na 45-watt seedling mats *** ma ọ bụ eriri nke ** 7-watt incandescent C9 ezumike ezumike *** (ọ dịghị mgbe ọkụ ọkụ LED) n'okpuru ụlọikwuu mkpuchi nke dị n'ime n'ime ọdụ ọkụ nwere ike ibugharị, na-edobe bulbs pụọ na plastik na akwụkwọ ndụ.
3. ** Ndị na-adọba ụgbọala Diesel 12V agbagoro: ***
   • Igwe ọkụ dizel 5-volt 12-volt na-adọba ụgbọala na-agba ọsọ maka awa 24+ na batrị ụgbọ ala 12V na lita 5 (galọn 1.3) nke mmanụ dizel, ọkpọkọ ** 100 pasent nke iyuzucha ya n'èzí ** ka ị na-agbanye ikuku dị ọcha, kpọrọ nkụ na efu ethylene na efu carbon monoxide.
4. ** Ndị na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ (ya na ihe mmetụta nkwụsị oxygen): ***
   • Jiri naanị HD-5 propane dị ọcha (a naghị esiji mmanụ dizel na-acha uhie uhie ma ọ bụ kerosene ochie edo edo n'ime igwe ọkụ anaghị ewepụta, dịka sọlfọ dioxide na-acha ọcha nwa ehi n'otu abalị). Tọọ onye na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime ụzọ etiti opekata mpe ** 1.2 mita (ụkwụ 4)** site na plastik na osisi, wee gbawaa oghere dị elu na oghere ọnụ ụzọ dị ala 1 ruo 2 centimita (0.5 sentimita) maka ikuku ọkụ.

Nkebi nke 3: Mgbasa mmiri, ikuku ikuku na aquaponic¶

Mgbe mwepu ọkụ, ihe mgbawa GFCI, ma ọ bụ impeller ejidere kwụsịrị mgbapụta hydroponic, elekere na-efu ihe ọkụkụ na-adịgide adịgide na-adabere ma a kwụsịrị mgbọrọgwụ na ikuku ma ọ bụ imikpu n'ime mmiri. Maka ntu oyi ntu oyi na agbaze cell, hụ ntu oyi mberede na nchekwa ifriizi ihe ubi.

Kedu ihe kpatara osisi hydroponic ji anwụ mgbe mgbapụta ahụ kwụsịrị: desiccation vs. mgbọrọgwụ hypoxia¶

Na hydroponics na-enweghị ala, mgbapụta mgbapụta na-ebute otu n'ime ihe mberede abụọ dị ndụ:

1. ** Mkpọsa mgbọrọgwụ ngwa ngwa (Aeroponics, Vertical Towers, na chanel Fare-channel Nutrient Film Technique/NFT):**
   • Ajị dị ọcha na-acha ọcha kwụsịtụrụ na ọwa ikuku mepere emepe enweghị mgbasa ozi na-ejide mmiri n'akụkụ ha. Ọ bụrụ na griin haus na-acha ọkụ ma na-ekpo ọkụ (n'elu 24 degrees Celsius / 75 degrees Fahrenheit), ekpughere ikuku ikuku na mgbọrọgwụ NFT n'ime eriri agba aja aja na-agba agba na ** 45 nkeji ruo awa 2 **.
2. ** Mgbọrọgwụ asphyxiation na Pythium ire ere (Omenala miri emi / DWC, Rafts, na idei mmiri jupụtara na tebụl Ebb-na-Flow):**
   • Mgbọrọgwụ osisi na-eku ume nke ukwuu ma na-amịkọrọ ** Oxygen Dissolved (DO)** site na mmiri ka ọ dịrị ndụ. Mmiri na-edozi ahụ na 22 degrees Celsius (72 degrees Fahrenheit) na-ejide oke saturation nke naanị ** 8.7 milligrams kwa lita (ppm) nke oxygen gbazere ***.
   • Mgbe mgbapụta ikuku na-akwụsị na ịwụ DWC gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ ma ọ bụ tank tank, mgbọrọgwụ na nje bacteria na-eri oxygen niile gbazere n'ime awa 2 ruo 4 **, na-agbada DO n'okpuru ebe dị oke egwu ** 3.0 mg / L *. Ozugbo mmiri ghọrọ hypoxic, mkpụrụ ndụ mgbọrọgwụ na-ata ahụhụ na anaerobic oomycetes (Pythium na * Phytophthora mgbọrọgwụ ire ere) na-eweghara n'ime awa 12 ruo 24.

Window nlanarị na enyemaka enyemaka mberede site n'ụdị sistemu¶

Na-atụgharị DWC na-arụ ọrụ ka ọ bụrụ ntọala nlanarị "Kratky" na-agafe agafe na nkeji 5¶

Ike mgbapụta efu kacha dị irè maka bọket mmiri miri emi (DWC) na akwa akwa na-ese n'elu mmiri bụ ntụgharị nwa oge gaa na usoro ** Kratky na-abụghị nke na-ekesa ***:

1. ** Wetulata ọkwa mmiri iji mepụta oghere ikuku oxygen:** Mgbe nkume ikuku na-agbapụta, mgbọrọgwụ na-erute pasenti 100 ruo n'ite ụgbụ ahụ n'ihi na mmiri jupụtara na oxygen. Mgbe mgbapụta ikuku nwụrụ, wepụ ihe ngwọta zuru oke ka mmiri wee daa ** 5 ruo 8 centimeters (2 ruo 3 inches) n'okpuru ite ụgbụ ahụ **, na-ahapụ ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke mgbọrọgwụ mgbọrọgwụ na nke elu nke atọ kwụsịtụrụ na ikuku iru mmiri.
2. ** Otu mpaghara mgbọrọgwụ nke elu si eku ume: *** Mkpọrọgwụ elu ekpughere n'ime ọchịchịrị, iru mmiri na-ekpuchi ikuku oxygen ozugbo site na ikuku mgbe ndụmọdụ mgbọrọgwụ dị ala na-adọta mmiri na mineral site na ọdọ mmiri dị n'okpuru, na-adị ndụ ** ụbọchị ma ọ bụ izu ** na ọkụ eletrik efu.
3. ** ịdọ aka ná ntị mgbe ike ga-alọghachi: *** Mgbe awa 48 gachara, mgbọrọgwụ elu ekpughere morph n'ime ọcha "mgbọrọgwụ ikuku." Mgbe ike grid laghachiri ma malitegharịa okwute ikuku gị, ** emejula ọdọ mmiri ahụ ruo n'ite ụgbụ ahụ **, n'ihi na mgbọrọgwụ ikuku dabara adaba ga-erikpu ha. Debe ọkwa mmiri 5 centimeters (2 sentimita asatọ) n'okpuru ite ụgbụ ahụ maka oge nke ọzọ n'usoro ihe ọkụkụ.

Oxygenation kemịkalụ mberede nwere hydrogen peroxide (\(H_2O_2\))¶

Ọ bụrụ na ịnweghị ike iweda ọkwa mmiri n'ime nnukwu ebe nchekwa na-ebugharị na nfuli ikuku batrị gị anwụọla, ị nwere ike tinye oxygen gbazere na kemịkalụ wee kpochapụ Pythium spores site na iji Hydrogen Peroxide (\(H_2O_2\)):

• ** Mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ: ** N'ime mmiri, hydrogen peroxide ($ 2H_2O_2 \() na-adaba n'ime mmiri (\) 2H_2O \() na ikuku oxygen efu (\) O_2 $) nke na-agbaze n'ime mpaghara mgbọrọgwụ mgbe ọ na-eme ka ọrịa anaerobic na-agbaze.
• ** Usoro ọgwụgwọ hydroponic dị mma (Sterile Hydroponics na-enweghị azụ):**
  • Iji ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ ** 3 percent Hydrogen Peroxide *** (naanị hydrogen peroxide na mmiri dị ọcha na-enweghị ihe nkwụnye): Tinye ** 2.5 ruo 3 milliliters kwa lita (2 teaspoons kwa galọn US) ** nke mmiri nchekwa, ma kpalie ya na ọkpọkọ PVC dị ọcha maka 60 sekọnd.
  • Iji horticultural 29 percent to 35 percent Food-Grade Hydrogen Peroxide ** (yiri nchebe anya na nitrile gloves): Tinye ** 0.25 ruo 0.3 milliliters kwa lita (1 millilita kwa galọn US), nke a na-ebupụta n'ime bọket mmiri tupu awụsa n'ime ọdọ mmiri. Tinyegharịa otu ugboro n'ime awa 12 ruo 24 ** n'oge ịpụpụ.
• ** Usoro ọgwụgwọ ultra-conservative maka Aquaponics ( Tankị Azụ dị ndụ): ***
  • A na-eji ọgwụ hydroponic peroxide na-agba ọkụ azụ azụ. N'ime tankị azụ aquaponic nke na-enwe hypoxia (azụ na-ekpo ọkụ n'elu), buru ụzọ fesa-aerate site na ịpịnye bọket mmiri tank 20-lita (5-galọn) wee wụsa ya azụ site n'úkwù ugboro 30.
  • Ọ bụrụ na achọrọ oxygen kemịkal iji chekwaa azụ na-ata ahụhụ, dose ** 3 percent pharmacy hydrogen peroxide ** na ihe karịrị ** 0.15 ruo 0.25 milliliters kwa liter nke mmiri tank azụ (0.6 ruo 1.0 milliliter kwa galọn US)**, wụsa nwayọọ nwayọọ n'elu elu wee gwakọta ya na aka.

Ịcha ihe ọkụkụ na-achọ transpiration n'oge mgbapụta mgbapụta¶

Mgbe nfuli hydroponic na-anọghị n'ịntanetị, belata ọnụego nke ihe ọkụkụ na-aṅụ mmiri ma na-eri oxygen mgbọrọgwụ:

• ** Gbanyụọ ọkụ ọkụ na-eto ngwa ngwa:** Ọkụ ọkụ dị elu na-eme ka transpiration stomatal, na-eme ka ihe ọkụkụ NFT ma ọ bụ ikuku na-akụda ngwa ngwa ugboro atọ.
• ** Wepụ akwa ndo 50% ruo 70%:** Dọta ihuenyo ndo dị n'elu gị mechie ma ọ bụ kpachie mkpuchi ọcha n'elu mkpuchi iji dobe okpomọkụ akwụkwọ wee belata mmiri 60 pasent.
• ** Alụlụ foliar na mmiri larịị pH agbanweela:** Alụlụ na-adapụta na-ahapụ obere obere na-eji plain reverse-osmosis ma ọ bụ mmiri dechlorinated (doziri na pH 6.0) iji bulie iru mmiri gburugburu stomata.

Ntughari osisi mgbake na mgbe ihe mberede gasịrị¶

Ozugbo ekpuchiri glazing na ike na okpomọkụ laghachi, zere ihe ọkụkụ na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ n'ime awa 48 mbụ:

1. ** Welite okpomọkụ griin ha ji nke nta nke nta (2 ruo 3 degrees Celsius / 4 na 5 degrees Fahrenheit kwa elekere):** Ịtụnye ọkụ ọkụ na mgbawa zuru oke mgbe akwụkwọ gbadara na 1 degrees Celsius (34 degrees Fahrenheit) na-ekpo ọkụ mgbe bọọlụ mgbọrọgwụ n'ime ite oyi na-adị nso na oyi. Mgbọrọgwụ oyi enweghị ike ịgbanye mmiri ngwa ngwa iji nye akwụkwọ ọkụ, na-akpata ** mgbọrọgwụ-oyi wilt ** na ahịhịa. Debe ákwà ndò n'elu osisi ndị oyi na-atụ n'ụtụtụ mbụ ruo mgbe okpomọkụ ite na-ebili n'elu 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit).
2. ** Jidesie ike ịkwachaa osisi oyi mebiri emebi maka ụbọchị 7 ruo 10: ** Oghere axillary na-ehi ụra n'akụkụ osisi osisi na-agbanyekarị ome ọhụrụ otu izu mgbe akwụkwọ elu pụtara nwụrụ anwụ. Agbanyeghị, ọ bụrụ na ebu isi awọ (* Botrytis *) amalite ịcha akwụkwọ ndụ kpọnwụrụ akpọnwụ, wepụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-ere ure ozugbo wee gbapụ ndị na-efe efe ikuku.
3. ** Ghichaa sump anaerobic hydroponic tupu ịmalitegharị nfuli:** Ọ bụrụ na mmiri na-edozi ahụ na-anọdụ ala n'ime paịpụ gbara ọchịchịrị ma ọ bụ sump na-ekpo ọkụ ruo ihe karịrị awa 12, nụrụ ụtọ mmiri mmiri tupu ịgbanye mgbapụta ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na ọ na-esi ísì ụtọ ma ọ bụ dị ka akwa rere ure (hydrogen sulfide), gbanye mmiri mmiri ahụ ka ọ ghara ịla n'iyi wee jupụta ** ọkara ike (50% EC) ihe ngwọta na-edozi ahụ ** mgbe agbachara nkume ikuku maka nkeji iri atọ. Gbanyụọ aja aja gbara ọchịchịrị, mgbọrọgwụ mushy na mkpa igba ogwu wee gbanye mgbọrọgwụ mgbọrọgwụ nke fọdụrụ na dilute hydrogen peroxide (3 milliliters nke 3% $ H_2O_2 $ kwa liter nke mmiri) maka nkeji 2 tupu ịlaghachi na usoro.

Ndepụta ngwa njikere oke ifufe griin haus¶

Chekwaa ihe ndị a n'ime ihe mgbochi mmiri na-adịghị na ụlọ ịwụ ma ọ bụ ụlọ isi gị:

• ** 2 mpịakọta nke 10-centimeter (4-inch) UV polyethylene ndozi teepu ** na mmanya isopropyl 99% nwere akwa akwa.
• ** 1 akwụkwọ mpịakọta nke ihe nkiri polyethylene 6-mil ** gbakwunyere 12 osisi 1x2 mpempe furring na kposara onwe ya.
• **10 mmiri-steel "wiggle waya" mkpọchi ọwa ntinye ** yana ngwa ntinye ọwa.
• ** 1 mpịakọta nke mkpuchi ahịrị ahịrị spunbond dị arọ ** (Agribon AG-50 ma ọ bụ AG-70) na eriri waya bench chara acha.
• ** 1 oti mkpu Carbon Monoxide (CO) batrị na-enye batrị na temometa ikuku ikuku nwere mkpu a na-anụ.
• ** 2 AC/DC akpaka-failover USB batrị ikuku nfuli ** jikọọ na nkume ikuku mapụtara na tankị DWC gị.
• ** 2 lita nke 3% Hydrogen Peroxide (\(H_2O_2\))** na sirinji atụ maka ikuku oxygenation mgbọrọgwụ mberede.
• ** Ngwa nchekwa nkeonwe (PPE): *** okpu siri ike, enyo ANSI Z87.1, uwe gauntlet akpụkpọ anụ, na aka Kevlar.

Ajụjụ a na-ajụkarị¶

Kedu ihe kpatara okooko osisi na mkpụrụ osisi na-eto eto ji dapụ na tomato griin ha ụbọchị abụọ ka m jisịrị igwe na-ekpo ọkụ propane n'oge oke mmiri ozuzo?¶

Osisi gị nwere nnukwu nsi gas ethylene kpatara site na nsure ọkụ na-ezughị ezu sitere na ikpo ọkụ propane emebeghị ka ọ dị n'ime ụlọ griin ha mechiri emechi. Ọbụna ọkwa ethylene microscopic nke 0.05 ruo 0.1 akụkụ kwa nde (ppm) n'ime otu abalị na-eme ka akwụkwọ tomato na ose gbadaa ala n'ụdị corkscrew (epinasty) ma kpalite ite ime ozugbo nke ifuru na obere mkpụrụ osisi ọ bụla. Mgbe ọ bụla ị ga-eji propane ma ọ bụ kerosene na-ekpo ọkụ na-emepe emepe n'ime griin haus, na-ahapụ mgbe niile obere oghere ikuku nke opekata mpe 6 square centimeters kwa 1,000 BTU / hr (1 square inch kwa 1,000 BTU / hr) nke ọkụ ọkụ ka ikuku oxygen na-abanye n'ọkụ na ethylene nwere ike ịgbapụ.

Kedu ka m ga-esi kwụsị mmiri ịbata n'ime ọjà ndị nwere oghere nke polycarbonate panel ejima nwere mgbidi mgbe ebili mmiri na-agbawa n'elu oyi akwa?¶

Ọ bụrụ na akụ́ mmiri ígwé na-agbapụta akpụkpọ ahụ nke elu ụlọ polycarbonate nwere mgbidi ejima, mmiri ozuzo ga-ejupụta ọjà kwụ ọtọ, mụpụta algae ndụ ndụ ndụ, ma gbasaa mgbe ọ jụrụ oyi n'oge oyi, na-ekewapụ akụkụ ahụ. N'ehihie akọrọ, fesa mmiri na-eguzo na ọjà ahụ nwere ikuku dị ala, dị ọcha na gburugburu divot na mmanya na-egbu egbu (ọ dịghị mgbe acetone, nke na-agbaze polycarbonate), ma mechie ihe nkedo nke teepu nrụzi UV griin haus ma ọ bụ na-anọpụ iche na-agwọta 100% silicone sealant n'elu oghere ọ bụla. Chọpụtakwa na nsọtụ ala nke panel ọ bụla na-eji teepu nzacha ikuku na-eku ume ka condensation wee nwee ike igbapu.

Enwere m ike ịgba ọsọ mgbapụta mmiri hydroponic m maka nkeji 15 kwa awa abụọ na obere ihe ntụgharị batrị iji chekwaa ike n'oge nkwụsị ọtụtụ ụbọchị?¶

Ee, ịnya igwe pulse bụ ụzọ kachasị mma isi gbatịa ọdụ ọdụ ọkụ na-agafe n'ofe ụbọchị ịgbanyụ ọkụ. Igwe mmiri na-ekpu mmiri nke 40-watt na-agba ọsọ na-eri 960 watt-awa kwa ụbọchị, na-ewepu batrị etiti n'ime awa 24. Site na ịtinye mgbapụta ahụ n'ime oge okirikiri ka ọ na-agba ọsọ maka nkeji 10 ruo 15 otu ugboro kwa elekere n'ehihie (na nkeji iri kwa awa 2 n'abalị), ị na-edobe ọwa NFT mmiri ma mejupụta oxygen gbazere na bọket DWC ka ị na-ebelata oriri batrị site na pasent 80, na-ahapụ ọdụ ike 1,000 Wh na-akwado ihe ọkụkụ gị ruo ụbọchị 5 ruo 6.

Ọ dị mma ịhapụ snow ka ọ nọ ọdụ n'elu ụlọ griin ha ka ọ rụọ ọrụ dị ka ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi n'oge ọkụ ọkụ?¶

Mba, ekwela ka nnukwu snow kwakọba n'elu ụlọ griin haus maka mkpuchi. Ọ bụ ezie na snoo ụlọ akụ n'akụkụ mgbidi kwụ ọtọ na-akwụsị ịdepụta ihe, a na-emepụta okpokolo agba griin ha maka nnyefe ọkụ kama ịdị arọ nwụrụ anwụ, na mmiri mmiri na-eru kilogram 150 ruo 300 kwa cubic mita (10 ruo 20 pound kwa cubic ụkwụ). N'ihi na griin haus na-ekpo ọkụ nwere okpomọkụ na-adịghị mma, snow na-agbaze nke ọma ma na-atụgharị n'ime nnukwu ice nke nwere ike ịdaba trusses aluminum ma ọ bụ gwepịa ụlọ hoop na-ehulata n'ime n'enweghị ịdọ aka ná ntị. Na-asachapụ snow n'elu ụlọ mgbe niile site n'èzí site na iji rake n'elu ụlọ ụfụfụ dị nro ejiri ogologo aka mgbe ị na-eguzo na mbara igwe.

enyochara isi mmalite¶

• Ngalaba Agriculture nke United States (USDA) na Ọrụ Nchekwa Akụ Eke (NRCS, United States): * Ọwara dị elu na griin haus Structural Wind/Snow Load Engineering Standards*.
• American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) na National Greenhouse Manufacturers Association (NGMA, United States): ANSI/ASAE EP406 Heating, Ventilating, and Cooling Greenhouses.
• Agriculture Agriculture Na-achịkwa Mahadum Cornell (CEA, United States): Hydroponic Mgbọrọgwụ- Mpaghara Mgbasa Oxygen Dynamics, Mgbochi Pythium, na Mpụpụ Ike.
• Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Nri na Ọrụ Ugbo nke United Nations (FAO, International): * Nrụpụta Nri Aquaponic nke Obere (FAO Technical Paper 589)*.
• Royal Horticultural Society (RHS, United Kingdom) na Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (OMAFRA, Canada): Greenhouse Storm Repair na Ethylene Injury in Chedos Crops.

Ntuziaka emetụtara¶

• Ntu oyi mberede na ihe ubi na-echebe oyi
• Oke mmiri ozuzo maka ubi
• Ogige ụmụ ahụhụ na-efe efe na ọrịa na-efe efe
• Nchekwa Generator na carbon monoxide
• Ịlanarị nkwụsị ọkụ
• Nọmba mberede