Nkịta loro ọka cob, sọks, ọkpụkpụ ọkụkọ esi nri, ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ Macadamia: Mgbe ị ga-ebute Vomiting vs mgbe ọgbụgbọ.¶

Mgbe nkịta wakporo ahịhịa mmanya, nkata ịsa ahụ, ma ọ bụ tebụl nri wee gbadaa ** ọkụkọ esi nri ma ọ bụ ọkpụkpụ ọgịrịga, otu ọka ọka na cob, sọks ma ọ bụ uwe ime, otu peach ma ọ bụ ube oyibo, ma ọ bụ obere mkpụrụ osisi macadamia, na-eme mkpebi enyemaka mbụ na-ezighi ezi na nkeji iri mbụ nwere ike ime ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-egbu egbu n'ime nkeji iri. ọdachi. Otu ndudue kachasị dị ize ndụ nke ndị nwe anụ ụlọ na-eme bụ ** na-awụsa pasent 3 hydrogen peroxide n'akpịrị nkịta iji mee ka ha na-agbapụta ọkpụkpụ siri ike, ihe buru ibu, ma ọ bụ ọka ọka ***: ebe ọkpụkpụ dị nkọ na-agbadakarị * ala * esophagus na njedebe ya gbawara agbawa na-eso ya, na-amanye nkịta ka ọ na-ebuli ya mkpa azụ azụ azụ. Ọkpụkpụ gbawara agbatị ogologo site na mgbidi esophageal nke dị n'akụkụ obi na ngụgụ (thoracic esophageal perforation and septic pyothorax). N'aka nke ọzọ, mgbe nkịta loro akwa dị nro ** sọks ** n'ime nkeji 60 gara aga, emesis sitere na ọgwụgwọ anụmanụ (or endoscopic retrieval) nwere ike ịzọpụta nkịta site na enterotomy ịwa ahụ dị oke ọnụ, ebe nkịta riri ** macadamia nuts ** na-etolite dị egwu, na-atụ egwu ** paralysis hindlimb nwa oge ** n'ime awa 6 ruo 12 nke dị ka ọrịa strok.yet has a near-100-percent recovery rate with supportive care). Ọ bụrụ na anụ ụlọ gị na-akpachapụ anya, na-akụ aka, na-akụ ya ọnụ, ma ọ bụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, soro anyị nkịta na-akpagbu ma ọ bụ pusi: anụ ụlọ Heimlich na CPR protocol ozugbo (ma hụ ihe niile nọmba mberede); ma ọ bụghị ya, jiri ntuziaka ịwa ahụ na toxicological n'akụkụ Nkịta riri xylitol, chocolate, grape, ma ọ bụ ibuprofen na nwamba riri lilies, permethrin, ma ọ bụ eriri linear.

Mee nke a ugbu a¶

1. ** Kwụsị: Lelee ndepụta "AGBAGHỊ ebute Vomiting" tupu ị rute maka hydrogen peroxide. ** Ọ dịghị mgbe ọ bụla ịkpata vomiting ** n'ime nkịta ma ọ bụ nwamba ma ọ bụrụ na ha loro:
2. ** anụ ọkụkọ esichara, anụ ezi, ọgịrịga, steak, ma ọ bụ ọkpụkpụ azụ** (na-adaba n'ọkpụkpụ agịga dị nkọ nke na-agbatị esophagus n'ụzọ azụ).
3. ** Skewers osisi, pịkị ezé, agịga ịkwa akwa, nko azụ, iko, ma ọ bụ rọba dị nkọ.**
4. Caustic Chemicals, Batrị, ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa mmanụ ala.
5. ** Ihe ọ bụla dị na Brachycephalic (Flat- Faced) Nkịta** (English Bulldog, French Bulldog, Pug, Boston Terrier, Shih Tzu, Boxer: nnukwu ihe ize ndụ nke na-egbu egbu ka oyi baa mgbe ọ na-agbọ agbọ n'ụlọ).
6. ** CAT ọ bụla (Never give 3% hydrogen peroxide to a cat):** Na nwamba, hydrogen peroxide ọnụ na-akpata ọnwụ ** hemorrhagic, gastritis necroulcerative na ọnya esophageal *** (30% mortality in feline case reports).
7. ** Nkịta ọ bụla nke na-ada mbà, na-ama jijiji, na-adịghị ike na azụ ụkwụ (such as after eating macadamia nuts), ma ọ bụ ugbua na-agbọ agbọ n'onwe ya.
8. ** Ọ bụrụ na nkịta gị loro ọkụkọ esichara, Turkey, anụ ezi, ma ọ bụ ọkpụkpụ ọgịrịga.and is breathing/swallowing normally), na-eri nri "Bulky Bread / Mashed Potato Cushion" ma kpọọ dọkịta gị.**
9. ** Gịnị kpatara isi nri ji atụgharị ọkpụkpụ ka ọ bụrụ ugegbe yiri ugegbe:** Isi nri (roasting, boiling, frying, smoking, or microwaving) na-ewepụ mmiri mmiri collagen na matriks ọkpụkpụ wee na-ejikọta kristal hydroxyapatite mineral, na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ sie ike na-akụrikasị nke mere na ha na-agbaji ogologo oge n'ime ebe dị nkọ mgbe nkịta anụ anụ nkịta na-akụ ya.
10. ** Usoro nkwekọrịta (Only if the dog is NOT gagging, drooling, or retching):** Kpọọ onye na-agwọ ọrịa anụmanụ ozugbo; maka iberibe ọkpụkpụ sie obere-na-ọkara nke erutela afọ, ndị na-agwọ ọrịa anụmanụ na-adụ ọdụ ka ha na-eri nri buru ibu, dị nro ma dị elu ozugbo - dị ka ** 2 ruo 4 mpekere nke ọcha dị nro ma ọ bụ achịcha ọka wit zuru oke, poteto a gwakọtara agwakọta nke ọma, ugu mkpọ mkpọ dị larịị (not pie filling), ma ọ bụ osikapa ọcha/oatmeal esiri esi *** - nke na-ekpuchi ọkpụkpụ dị nkọ n'ime afọ dị ka bolus na-echebe mgbe afọ hydrochloric acid (pH 1.0 to 2.0, dị ike karịa afọ acid nke mmadụ) na-amalite imebi na ime ka akụkụ ọkpụkpụ dị gịrịgịrị na-aga ụlọ ọgwụ maka nyocha X-ray.
11. ** Ọ bụrụ na nkịta gị loro ọka Cob, Peach dum / Nectarine / Avocado Pit, ma ọ bụ ihe ụmụaka ji egwuri egwu roba (Do NOT wait for vomiting to start.** N'adịghị ka ọkpụkpụ ọkụkọ esiri esi (nke afọ acid nwere ike igbari akụkụ ụfọdụ), ** otu ọka ọka (even a 3-centimeter / 1-inch mini-cob round), nkume peach, ma ọ bụ mango / ube oyibo bụ 100 percent indigestible . Acid afọ enweghị ike iji otu milimita mee ka cob ọka dị nro, elu ya na-esighi ike, nke na-ekpochapụ mmanụ aṅụ na-ejidekwa n'ime mkpuchi nke obere eriri afọ.jejunum/ileum) dị ka Velcro, na-ahụ site na mgbidi eriri afọ ma na-akpata nkwụsị ọrụ zuru ezu. Kpọọ onye na-agwọ ọrịa anụmanụ ma ọ bụ 24-hour veterinary ER ** n'ime awa 1 ruo 4 mbụ ** mgbe cob ma ọ bụ olulu ka nọ ọdụ n'ime afọ ebe enwere ike weghachite ya na ntụgharị ** endoscope.without cutting open the abdomen).
12. ** Ọ bụrụ na nkịta gị loro sọks, uwe ime, akwa akwa, ma ọ bụ pantyhose (Within the Last 1 to 2 Hours.** Ihe ndị dị nro dị nro (socks, underwear, plush-toy stuffing) bụ ihe #1 kpatara ịwa ahụ eriri afọ nke mba ọzọ na-ewepụ na nkịta. Ọ bụrụ na ingestion ahụ mere n'ime awa 1 ruo 2 ** na ihe ahụ bụ otu sọks nkwonkwo ụkwụ dị nro na nkịta na-abụghị brachycephalic nke na-abụghị brachycephalic, gbagakwuru onye na-agwọ anụ anụ gị ozugbo: ọgwụgwọ ọrịa anụmanụ na-agba ume ** apomorphine ** ma ọ bụ ** ropinirole anya tụlee ** nke ọma mee ka pasent 80 ruo 85 nke nkịta na-agbọpụta elu n'ime obere nkeji 1. Ịwa ahụ afọ 3,500-na-6,000-dollar.
13. ** Ọ bụrụ na nkịta gị riri mkpụrụ osisi Macadamia (Raw, Roasted, Salted, or White-Chocolate Macadamia Cookies), lelee dose (>= 2.0 grams per kilogram) ma lelee maka chocolate/xylitol co-gredients.**
14. ** Iwu nke isi mkpịsị aka (-1 Macadamia Nut per Kilogram of Body Weight): *** Otu nkezi shei macadamia nut kernel tụrụ ** 2.0 ruo 2.5 gram . Na-eri ihe dị ka ** 0.7 ruo 2.0 grams nke macadamia nuts kwa kilogram nke arọ ahụ (roughly 1 nut per 1 to 2.2 pounds of dog, ma ọ bụ naanị ** 4 ruo 5 macadamia nuts na 5-kg / 11-lb Miniature Schnauzer ma ọ bụ French Bulldog ) na-ebute nnukwu ** adịghị ike / ahụ mkpọnwụ na-arị elu, akwara anụ ahụ, isi ike nkwonkwo, vomiting, na ahụ ọkụ (up to 40.5 C / 105 F n'ime awa 3 ruo 12, gbakwunyere nnukwu ihe ize ndụ nke ** nnukwu pancreatitis* site na ọdịnaya abụba pasent 75.
15. ** Lelee akara ngosi Omuma 5 nke mgbochi eriri afọ zuru oke (Requires Immediate Emergency SurgeryN'ime awa 12 ruo ụbọchị 14 na-esote ** mgbe onye ọ bụla a na-enyo enyo na ọ bụ ihe mba ọzọ na-eri nri, gbaga n'ụlọ ọgwụ mberede nke awa iri abụọ na anọ ma ọ bụrụ na nkịta gị ma ọ bụ pusi gị tolitere:
16. ** Ọgba a na-emegharị ugboro ugboro *** ma ọ bụ enweghị ike idobe obere sips mmiri gbadaa (often starting 6 to 48 hours after ingestion, or up to weeks later if a sock or cob was rolling around in the stomach as a "ball-valve" before dropping into the small bowel).
17. ** Anorexia (ọjụjụ ọgwụgwọ ọkacha mmasị), igbu egbugbere ọnụ, ma ọ bụ mmiri mmiri.
18. ** "Ọnọdụ ekpere" (stretching front legs flat on the floor with the chest down and hind end sticking up in the air***, nke bụ ọnọdụ anụ ahụ mara mma maka oke mgbu nke afọ / pancreatic / duodenal mgbu.
19. ** Enweghị stool (or straining to pass tiny drops of dark bloody liquid diarrhea around an obstruction)**
20. ** chịngọm ma ọ bụ tacky chịngọm, ọnyà obi na-agba ọsọ (> 140 to 160 bpm), ma ọ bụ nke siri ike, afọ na-egbu mgbu (na-egosi nhụsianya afọ na septic peritonitis).

Osisi mkpebi: nkịta ma ọ bụ nwamba loro ọkpụkpụ, cob ọka, sọks, olulu, ma ọ bụ macadamia nuts¶

flowchart TD
    A["Nkịta ma ọ bụ nwamba loro ọkpụkpụ sie ya, ọka ọka, sọks / ákwà, nkume nkume-mkpụrụ osisi / ube oyibo, ma ọ bụ Macadamia Nuts"] --> B{"1. Lelee okporo ụzọ ikuku & ihe ịrịba ama ịma jijiji ozugbo"}
    B -->|"Ịkụ aka n'ike, ịkụ aka n'ọnụ, stridor dị elu, chịngọm cyanotic (acha anụnụ anụnụ), ma ọ bụ daa"| C["ỌNWỤRỤ NA-AKWA ỤWA: Mepee ọnụ ma zachaa naanị ma ọ bụrụ na a na-ahụ ya n'azụ akpịrị -> Mee Canine/Feline Heimlich Thrusts ma ọ bụ Mpịakọta Chest + Ebuli Wheelbarrow -> Gbaa ọsọ gaa na Vet ER kacha nso"]
    B -->|"Na-eku ume nke ọma, nwee ike ilo mmiri"| D{"2. Kedu ihe kpọmkwem ka iloro?"}
    D -->|"Ọkpụkpụ esiri esi (ọkụkọ, toki, ọgịrịga, anụ ezi, steak, ma ọ bụ ọkpụkpụ azụ)"| E["NEVER INDUCE VOMITING (Bone splinters perforate esophagus on the way up). Ọ bụrụ na nkịta enweghị mgbagha / vomiting, nye nnukwu aka nri (achịcha dị nro / poteto a kpụkọrọ akpụkọ / ugu mkpọ) + Gaa na Vet maka X-ray & elekere 72-hr perforation / afọ ntachi"]
    D -->|"Corn Cob, Peach/Plum/Mango/Avocado Pit, ma ọ bụ rọba siri ike/ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka."| F["100% ihe egwu na-adịghị mma: emela ka agbọ agbọ n'ụlọ maka cobs / nnukwu olulu -> Rush to Vet n'ime awa 1 ruo 4 maka iweghachite Endoscopic site n'afọ tupu ya akwaba n'ime eriri afọ ma chọọ ịwa ahụ afọ."]
    D -->|"Akpụkpọ anụ dị nro (sock, uwe ime, rịbọn, eriri, ma ọ bụ ihe ụmụaka ji egwuri egwu)"| G{"3. Ụdị & Oge Ebe ọ bụ na-eloda ákwà"}
    G -->|"CAT nwere eriri / Ribbon / eri ma ọ bụ anụ ụlọ ọ bụla> 2 ruo 4 elekere gara aga ma ọ bụ na-agbọ agbọ."| H["AKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWASỊAKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWASỊRỊRỊỊRỊSOund/X-ray & Endoscopy or Surgical Enterotomy"]
    G -->|"Nkịta na-abụghị brachycephalic loro sọks dị nro < 1 ruo 2 elekere gara aga nwere akara ngosi efu."| I["Gaa na Vet ozugbo: Vet nwere ike inye Apomorphine / Ropinirole anya mmiri injectable iji kpalite emesis (85% ịga nke ọma) ma ọ bụ wepụ ya site na oke."]
    D -->|"Akụ Macadamia (Raw, nke a ṅara n'ọkụ, ma ọ bụ na kuki / ngwakọta okporo ụzọ)"| J["Lelee maka nchịkọta Chocolate / Raisins / Xylitol -> Kpọọ Vet / Njikwa nsi -> Ọ bụrụ na rie ya < 2 awa gara aga (na nkịta erubeghị ka ọ na-ama jijiji / adịghị ike), vet na-ebute emesis + Charcoal arụ ọrụ -> Nyochaa awa 12 ruo 48 maka mkpọnwụ azụ azụ azụ na pancreatitis."]

Mmebi ihe mberede nke ihe site na ihe: Ihe na-eme n'ime ahụ anụ ụlọ gị¶

Jiri tebụl ntụnyere a ka ị ghọta ihe kpatara nke ọ bụla n'ime iri nri ụlọ ise a na-emekarị chọrọ usoro ọgwụgwọ anụmanụ dị iche iche:

Nmikpu miri emi 1: Ọkpụkpụ esichara - Ngosipụta awa 72 na nche mmetụta ike¶

Kedu ihe kpatara anụ ọhịa wolf na coyotes ji rie ọkpụkpụ anụ anụ mgbe nkịta ụlọ nke na-eloda nkụ ọkụkọ rotisserie esiri esi ma ọ bụ ọkpụkpụ anụ ezi na-ejedebe na ICU anụ ụlọ? - ** Ọkpụkpụ raw vs. Esie ọkpụkpụ Biomechanics:** Ọkpụkpụ dị ndụ bụ ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe nke 35 percent elastic Type I collagen protein na 65 percent calcium phosphate mineral. Mgbe a na-esi ọkpụkpụ sie, sie ya, sie ya, ma ọ bụ ṅụọ sịga, okpomọkụ na-eme ka eriri collagen pụta, na-ahapụ nkuku na-egbuke egbuke, nke yiri iko. Mgbe nkịta gị tara ọkpụkpụ ọkụkọ esiri esi na ọkara, ọ na-agbaji ogologo oge n'ime ** ntụnye agịga oblique nke ogo 45 ** dị nkọ dị ka agịga hypodermic. - ** Olee otú Canine afọ Acid si arụ ọrụ (And Why the Bread/Pumpkin Cushion Helps):** Nkịta na-ezu ike n'afọ pH n'oge mgbari gbadara na ** pH 1.0 ruo 1.5** (nearly 10 times more acidic than human stomach acid). Ọ bụrụ na ọkpụkpụ ọkụkọ esiri esi mee ka ọ gbadaa esophagus n'ime afọ n'enweghị atụba mgbidi ahụ, ị na-eri nri ** achịcha dị nro, poteto a chara chara, ma ọ bụ ugu mkpọ *, ihe abụọ na-eme: 1. Nnukwu carbohydrate/fiber mash mash na-ekpuchi ndụmọdụ ndị dị nkọ nke mere na ọgbụgba afọ anaghị agbanye agịga ọkpụkpụ na-adịghị ahụ anya ozugbo n'ime mgbidi afọ (preventing gastric perforation). 2. Ihe mkpali nri na-akpalite sel parietal iji zoo hydrochloric acid gbadoro anya (HCl) ebe a na-emechi sphincter pyloric ogologo oge, na-enye acid afọ ** 6 ruo awa 12 ** iji wepụ calcium n'ime ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ dị gịrịgịrị ma tụgharịa ntụ ntụ ha dị nkọ tupu ha abanye n'ime eriri afọ. - ** Ụbọchị 2 ruo ụbọchị 3 ihe egwu (Colonic & Rectal Bone-Gravel Impaction): Ọbụlagodi na ọkpụkpụ na-agafe obere eriri afọ na-enweghị perforating, udigested ọkpụkpụ iberibe na chalky calcium-phosphate "ọkpụkpụ ájá" na-agbakọta na rịdata colon na ikensi ** 24 ruo 72 awa mgbe e mesịrị, ebcolon na-amịkọrọ mmiri niile si stool. Nke a na-atụgharị ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ ka ọ bụrụ nkume siri ike, nke nwere nkụja ** ọkpụkpụ-concrete fecalith . - ** Ihe ịrịba ama ịdọ aka ná ntị n'ime awa 24 ruo 72: Nkịta gị na-amakpu ugboro ugboro ka ọ na-afụ ụfụ (tenesmus), na-eti mkpu ma ọ bụ tie mkpu n'ihe mgbu mgbe ọ na-ata ahụhụ, ma na-agafe naanị ntakịrị ọbara uhie na-egbuke egbuke (hematochezia) ma ọ bụ imi mmiri. - ** Ihe ị ga-eme: *** enyela ụgbọ mmiri mmadụ (sodium phosphate) enemas na nkịta ma ọ bụ pusi ** (causes fatal hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemic tetany), ma ghara ịgbalị iji ngwa nju wepụta ọkpụkpụ dị nkọ na ikensi. Onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụgwọ anụ ụlọ ga-edozi nkịta ahụ, nye ya ọkụ ** saline na enemas na-esi ísì mmiri na-adịghị mma, ma jiri nwayọọ gbajie ma jiri aka wepụ gravel ọkpụkpụ emetụtaghị na-adọkaghị mgbidi.

Miri miri 2: Ọka Cobs, sọks, na ube oyibo/Pitch Pits - Ọnyà afọ "Ball-Valve"¶

Otu n'ime ihe mgbagwoju anya ụlọ ọgwụ maka ndị nwe anụ ụlọ bụ ** ịgba aghara "Ball-Valve" vomiting ***: - Otu ọka ọka, olulu ube oyibo, ma ọ bụ sọks si ezo n'ime afọ ruo ọtụtụ izu: Ka e were ya na Golden Retriever na-eloda olulu ube oyibo, nkume peach, ma ọ bụ sọks nkwonkwo ụkwụ na Sọnde. N'ihi na olulu ma ọ bụ sọks gbagoro agbago bụ ** 3.5 ruo 5 centimita n'obosara , ọ buru oke ibu ka ọ banye na traktị ahụ dị warara ** pyloric outflow n'ime eriri afọ. Mgbe ị na-anọdụ ala rụrụ arụ n'ime ime ụlọ ahụ (fundus) nke afọ, nkịta na-eri ihe, na-aṅụ ihe ọṅụṅụ, ma na-egwuri egwu kpamkpam ruo ụbọị ma ọ bụ ọbụna ** 2 ruo 4 izu * - ** The Ball-Valve Mechanism: Oge ụfọdụ, mgbe nkịta risịrị nri ma ọ bụ ṅụọ nnukwu efere mmiri, gastric peristalsis na-asachapụ olulu ube oyibo ma ọ bụ sọks n'ime oghere dị n'ụdị ** pyloric antrum **, na-agbanye ụzọ ọpụpụ afọ dị ka nkwụnye bat roba. Nkịta na-agbapụta na mberede nri ya na-adịghị agbaze 2 ruo 6 awa mgbe o risịrị nri; ozugbo afo efu, olulu ma ọ bụ sock na-atụgharị azụ n'ime ụlọ fundus ọzọ, na nkịta ozugbo eme agụụ na-agụ na nkịtị - ruo mgbe ọzọ oge olulu plọg ụzọ ụzọ ọpụpụ, ma ọ bụ ruo mgbe a siri ike mkpi mechara jams ihe partway n'ime duodenum, na-akpalite ** nnukwu, na-adịghị akwụsị projectile vomiting na ndụ-egwu obere-bowel necrosis ***.

Ihe ize ndụ pụrụ iche nke ube oyibo (Persin + 75% Fat) na Nkume-Mkpụrụ osisi (Cyanide)¶

1. ** Avocado anụ, akpụkpọ, na olulu (Persea americana):**
2. ** Na nkịta na nwamba: ** N'adịghị ka anụ ụlọ, oke bekee, ịnyịnya na ewu (where the fungicidal toxin Persin in avocado leaves, bark, skin, and pits causes fatal myocardial necrosis, mastitis, and respiratory distress), nkịta na nwamba na-eguzogide ọgwụ * persin * n'onwe ya. Kama, n'ime nkịta, iri ube oyibo na-ebute ihe mberede abụọ dị iche iche: **1. Ihe mgbochi arụrụ arụ si mba ofesi site na nnukwu olulu gọlfụ na-amị amị, nke nwere oke ube oyibo na ** 2. Nnukwu necrotizing pancreatitis na-akpata site na oke lipid ọdịnaya15% to 30% fat by wet weightAvocado anụ na guacamole (plus onion/garlic toxicity if the dog ate prepared guacamole).
3. ** Peach, Plum, Apricot, Cherry, na Nectarine Pits (Prunus Ụdị):**
4. ** Olu gbawara agbawa:** na-ebute ** ihe mgbochi obere eriri afọ maka arụ ọrụ** (mkpụrụ dị nkọ, nke siri ike na nkume peach hụrụ n'ime akwa jejunal dị ka ọka ọka).
5. ** olulu olulu gbawara ma ọ bụ ata ata (Cyanogenic Glycoside Toxicity):** N'ime shei siri ike nke peach, apricot, plum, ma ọ bụ olulu cherry na-anọdụ ala mkpụrụ almọnd nke bara ụba na ** amygdalin (a cyanogenic glycoside). Ọ bụrụ na nkịta siri ike na-agbaji ọtụtụ peach ma ọ bụ apricot nkume meghere wee loda mkpụrụ dị n'ime, eriri afọ enzymes hydrolyze amygdalin n'ime ** hydrogen cyanide.HCN, nke na-egbochi mitochondrial ** cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV**, na-egbochi sel iji oxygen. Ihe ịrịba ama nke nnukwu cyanide toxicosis na-apụta n'ime nkeji 15 ruo 60: ** brik-redbright cherry-red) akpụkpọ ahụ mucous ***, iwe ọkụtachypnea), mgbakasị ahụ, ụmụ akwụkwọ gbasapụrụ agbawa, akwara akwara, na ịdaba.

Ndakpu miri 3: Macadamia Nut Toxicosis na Nkịta - Ihe kpatara na azụ nkịta gị ji kwụsị ịrụ ọrụ na mberede.¶

Ihe ole na ole na-atụ onye nwe nkịta ụjọ karịa ịkpọte awa 8 ka nkịta ha gbasasịrị akpa mkpụrụ macadamia (or white-chocolate macadamia cookies) na ịchọta nkịta ha ** enweghị ike iguzo n'ụkwụ azụ ya (hindlimb paraparesis), na-ama jijiji nke ukwuu, na-agbakwa ahụ ọkụ**.

Profaịlụ ụlọ ọgwụ nke Canine Macadamia Nut Poison (Unique to Dogs)¶

• ** Ọnụ ụzọ ọgwụ na-egbu egbu:** Ihe ịrịba ama ụlọ ọgwụ na-eme na obere dose dị ka ** gram 0.7 ruo 2.4 nke mkpụrụ macadamia kwa kilogram nke ịdị arọ ahụ** (ihe dị ka ** 1 shelled nut kwa 1 ruo 3 kilograms [2.2 ruo 6.6 pounds] nke arọ ahụ**).
• ** Usoro oge mmalite (Hours 3 to 12):**
• ** Adịghị ike nke Hindu na Ataxia (Present in > 80% of cases):*ascending pelvic limb paresis with depressed patellar reflexes).
• ** Mgbu na nkwonkwo akwara (Arthralgia / Myalgia):*
• Mma jijiji nke ahụ dum (50% of cases): Ụjọ ịma jijiji na-amachaghị mma (nke mgbu na ahụ ọkụ na-akawanye njọ).
• ** Ọgbọ, ike ọgwụgwụ, na hyperthermia (Rectal Temp 39.7 to 40.6 C / 103.5 to 105.0 F)**
• ** Hypertriglyceridemia dị nro na nke siri ike na Serum Lipase dị elu (Pancreatitis Risk):** N'ihi na mkpụrụ macadamia bụ mmanụ dị pasent 75 ruo 80 n'ịdị arọ** (ọdịnaya abụba kachasị elu nke mkpụrụ osisi ọ bụla), ụdị ọkara na obere ụdị (especially Miniature Schnauzers, Yorkshire Terriers, Poodles, Dachshunds, and Cocker Spaniels) chere nnukwu ihe ize ndụ nke abụọ ** nnukwu pancreatitis* 24 ruo 72 awa gachara.
• ** Ozi ọma100% Reversible Neurological Recovery in 24 to 48 Hours): ** Ọ bụ ezie na ezigbo mmiri- ma ọ bụ lipid-soluble neurotoxin n'ime * Macadamia integrifolia * na * Macadamia tetraphylla * ka ndị na-ahụ maka biochem na-amataghị, mgbochi akwara ozi na eriri neuromuscular canine bụ ** 100 percent nwa oge na-adịghị egbu egbu **. Site na nlekọta ọgwụgwọ ọrịa anụmanụ na-akwado (emesis mmalite na unyi na-arụ ọrụ ma ọ bụrụ na ejide ya n'ime awa 2, ọgwụgwọ mmiri IV iji mee ka ahụ dị jụụ na ikpochapụ akụrụ, ọgwụ mgbochi ọgbụgbọ.maropitant / Cerenia], ihe mgbu, na nri siri ike ultra-obere-abụba nri maka ụbọchị 5), ** ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 100 pasent nke nkịta na-enwetaghachi zuru oke, iji ụkwụ azụ ha eme ihe n'ime awa 24 ruo 48 *** na-enweghị mmebi akwara na-adịgide adịgide.

Kedu mgbe na otu ndị na-ahụ maka anụ ụlọ na ndị nwe ya si ebute vomiting (And Why Salt Is Deadly)¶

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-akpọ onye na-agwọ ọrịa anụmanụ ma ọ bụ nchịkwa anụ anụ n'ime ** 30 ruo 90 nkeji ** nke ** nchekwa-na-vomit ** ingestion (dị ka mkpụrụ macadamia nkịtị, mkpụrụ vaịn, chocolate, ma ọ bụ obere ihe dị nro dị nro n'ime ahụike, nkịta na-abụghị brachycephalic), soro ntuziaka nkwụsịtụ ha kpọmkwem:

• ** Gịnị kpatara ụlọ ọgwụ ọrịa anụmanụ Emesis ji ahọrọ mgbe niile (Apomorphine ma ọ bụ Ropinirole / Clevor): ** Ndị na-ahụ maka anụ ụlọ na-enye mbelata nke ** ropinirole (Clevor*** ma ọ bụ ** apomorphine *** n'ime akpa conjunctival (ma ọ bụ IV), na-akpali ụbụrụ ** chemoreceptor mpaghara na-akpalite ụbụrụ (CRTZ*** site na D2 ndị na-anabata dopamine ka nkịta na-agbapụta nke ọma n'ime nkeji 3 ruo 8 (90%+ success rate). ** N'ime nwamba ***, ndị na-agwọ ọrịa anụmanụ na-eji injectable dexmedetomidine ma ọ bụ xylazine (alpha-2 agonists), naanị ụzọ dị mma iji kpalite emesis na pusi.
• ** Ọ bụrụ na onye dibịa bekee gwara ya ka o were 3% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) na Nkịta naanị:** Chọpụta na ọ dị ọhụrụ 3% USP Hydrogen Peroxide Ezinụlọ (never hair-bleach 6% to 40% peroxide). Usoro ọgwụgwọ ọrịa anụmanụ (ọkọlọtọ)confirm by phone firstbụ ** 2.2 ml kwa kilogram (1 mL per pound, ma ọ bụ 1 teaspoon [5 mL] per 5 pounds, ihe ruru 45 ml3 tablespoons) maka nkịta ọ bụla buru ibu, na-awụba n'ime akpa ntì mgbe o nyechara obere achịcha. ** Ya adịla mgbe enyela ihe karịrị ọnụọgụ abụọ doses*; ngafe peroxide na-akpata nnukwu necroulcerative gastritis na obere gas embolism.
• ** Ejila Nnu Tebụl, Mmiri Mọstad, Ncha efere, ma ọ bụ Mkpịsị aka:** Ịwụsa tablespoons nke nnu okpokoro (sodium chloride*** ala akpịrị nkịta na-ebute ** nnukwu hypernatremia na-egbu egbu (salt poisoning***, ịdọpụ mmiri n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ ụbụrụ na ịkpata edema ụbụrụ, ọdịdọ na ọnwụ n'ime awa 2 ruo 6.

Nọmba mberede mpaghara na ụkpụrụ ụlọ ọrụ¶

• United States na Canada: Kpọọ ụlọ ọgwụ mberede nke anụmanụ awa iri abụọ na anọ, ** ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (APCC) na 1-888-426-4435**, ma ọ bụ Pet Poison Helpline na 1-855-764-7661 (24/7).
• United Kingdom: Kpọọ onye na-ahụ maka ọrịa mberede nke awa 24 ma ọ bụ Line Poison Animal na 01202 509000VPIS]**). Ndị ọrụ ebere UK gụnyere PDSA na Blue Cross dọrọ aka ná ntị megide inye nkịta nri ọkpụkpụ esiri esi ma ọ bụ cobs ọka.
• European Union: Kpọtụrụ ụlọ ọgwụ ọgwụgwọ ọrịa anụmanụ na-awa 24 kacha nso ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọgwụ na-egbu egbu nke mba (CAPAE-Ouest na France na 02 40 68 77 40).
• Australia na New Zealand: Kpọọ ** Anụmanụ Anụmanụ Ọstrelia Ọstrelia na 1300 869 7381300 TOX PET*** na Australia ma ọ bụ 0800 869 738 na New Zealand (ebe Macadamia integrifolia toxicosis na nkịta bu ụzọ mara Australian Veterinary Association.AVA]).
• India na Asia-Pacific: Gaa n'ụlọ ọgwụ anụmanụ na-ewe awa 24 kacha nso ma ọ bụ ngalaba ịwa ahụ kọleji anụmanụ (lee nọmba mberede).

Ajụjụ a na-ajụkarị¶

Gịnị mere i ji sị na-eri nri dị nro dị ọcha achịcha ma ọ bụ poteto a gweriri mgbe nkịta m lodachara ọkpụkpụ ọkụkọ esichara, mgbe ndị nduzi enyemaka mbụ mmadụ na-ekwu "Eriela achịcha" ma ọ bụrụ na nwatakịrị loda ọkpụkpụ?¶

N'ihi na canine na ahụ mmadụ ilo mmadụ dị iche. N'ime nwatakịrị nwere ọkpụkpụ azụ dị gịrịgịrị nke rapaara elu na tonsils ma ọ bụ akpịrị, ilo achịcha kpọrọ nkụ na-akwaba ọkpụkpụ n'ime mgbidi olu. N'ụzọ dị iche, nkịta nwere nnukwu esophagus na gulp crunched ọkụkọ ọkpụkpụ ozugbo n'ime afo. Ozugbo iberibe ọkpụkpụ ndị ahụ siri ike dị n'ime afọ nke nkịta (na-enweghị mgbagha ma ọ bụ nsị), na-eri nri buru ibu nke achịcha dị nro, poteto ndị a kpụkọrọ akpụkọ, ma ọ bụ ugu mkpọ na-ekpuchi ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ n'ime afọ ka nkwekọrịta adịghị agbanye agịga ọkpụkpụ n'ime mgbidi afọ mgbe nkịta siri ike hydrochloric afo acid (pH 1.0) na-eme ka akụkụ ọkpụkpụ dị nro.

Enwere m ike inye nkịta m mmanụ ịnweta ma ọ bụ mmanụ ihe oriri n'ụlọ ka ọ "rie" sọks, ọka ọka, ma ọ bụ ọkpụkpụ loro?¶

Ya adịla mgbe ọ bụla enyela nkịta ma ọ bụ pusi mmanụ ịnweta, mmanụ castor, ma ọ bụ iko mmanụ ihe oriri n'ọnụ. Mmanụ ala enweghị ụtọ na enweghị isi, yabụ anụ ụlọ anaghị akpalite mgbanaka ilo mgbanaka ma kunye mmanụ ahụ n'obere ọnụ n'ime akpa ume, na-ebute oke agụụ lipoid ka oyi baa. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-agbari iko mmanụ ihe oriri n'ime obere eriri afọ na-emebighị ntụ ọka ma ọ bụ sọks ma na-akpalite nnukwu pancreatitis.

Ogologo oge ole ka nkịta m loro sọks ma ọ bụ ọka ọka ọ ka nwere ike ịkpata mgbochi? Nkịta m riri sọks 10 ụbọchị gara aga ma dị mma ruo mgbe ọ na-atụba elu taa.¶

Sọks, uwe ime, ọka cob, ma ọ bụ olulu peach nwere ike ịnọdụ ala n'ime afọ nkịta ruo izu 1 ruo 6 tupu ya emee nnukwu mgbochi afọ ntachi. Mgbe ihe ahụ na-adaba n'ime nnukwu ọnụ ụlọ nke afọ, nri na mmiri na-agafe ya na-enweghị ihe mgbaàmà ole na ole ma ọ bụ enweghị. Mgbe izu ole na ole gachara, mgbakasị ahụ siri ike na-amanye sọks ma ọ bụ cob site na valvụ pyloric n'ime duodenum dị warara ma ọ bụ jejunum, ebe ọ na-agbaji nke ọma ma na-ebute vomiting na-adịghị akwụsị akwụsị. Na-agwa onye na-agwọ ọrịa anụmanụ gị mgbe niile gbasara ihe ọ bụla eloro n'ime ọnwa 1 ruo 2 gara aga.

Nkịta m riri mkpụrụ macadamia iri awa asatọ gara aga ma ugbu a enweghị ike ibili n'ụkwụ azụ ya ma na-ama jijiji. Ọ̀ kpọnwụrụ akpọnwụ na-adịgide adịgide?¶

Ọ bụ ezie na nnukwu macadamia nut hindlimb mkpọnwụ na ịma jijiji na-eyi egwu, macadamia nut neurotoxicity na nkịta bụ pasent 100 nwa oge na ntụgharị. Mee ka onye dọkịta na-ahụ maka ọgwụgwọ anụ ụlọ kwụsị ịchịkọta chọkọleti, mịrị amị, ma ọ bụ xylitol, lelee pancreatitis nke abụọ site na nnukwu abụba dị n'ime ya, ma nyekwa mmiri mmiri na enyemaka mgbu. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nkịta ọ bụla nwere macadamia nut toxicosis dị ọcha na-eje ije kpamkpam n'ime awa 24 ruo 48.

Ọkpụkpụ anụ a na-amịpụta ọ dị mma maka nkịta ma ọ bụrụ na ọkpụkpụ sie ya dị ize ndụ?¶

Ọkpụkpụ raw na-ebukwa ihe egwu mberede dị egwu nke AVMA na FDA dọrọ aka ná ntị megide: crunching siri ike raw arọ na-ebu ụmị ọkpụkpụ (beef femurs ma ọ bụ antlers) bụ isi ihe na-akpata "slab fractures" na-egbu mgbu nke elu nke anọ premolar ezé, ịkpụ-oghe gburugburu ụmị ọkpụkpụ mgbanaka na-emekarị na-adaba n'elu obere agba na igbachi n'azụ caninery ma ọ bụ poult poult poults. E. coli dị ize ndụ.

Ntuziaka emetụtara¶

• Nkịta na-akpagbu ma ọ bụ pusi: anụ ụlọ Heimlich na CPR
• Nkịta riri xylitol, chocolate, grape, mịrị, ma ọ bụ ibuprofen: ihe mgbako dose
• Cat riri lilies, permethrin nkịta flea tụlee, ma ọ bụ linear eriri ahụ mba ọzọ
• Nkịta riri Sago Palm, ero Amanita, ma ọ bụ algae na-acha anụnụ anụnụ: triage imeju
• Nọmba mberede

Isi mmalite na nduzi ọchịchị¶

• ** Ebe ASPCA na-ahụ maka nsi anụ ọhịa (APCC, Hansen, Buck, Khan et al., * Ọgwụ anụmanụ , United States):* * adịghị ike, Ataxia, Tremors, na Hyperthermia Associated with Macadamia Nut (* Macadamia integrifolia *) Ingestion in Dogs: Dose-Response and Clinical Recovery Timeline *.
• ** American College of Veterinary Surgeons (ACVS, United States):** * Ahụ ndị mba ọzọ nke afọ ime na nkịta na nwamba: Radiographic na Ultrasonographic Diagnosis (Corn Cob Sign, Plication), Endoscopic Retrieval vs. Enterotomy, na Septic Peritonitis Prevention *.
• ** Nchịkwa nri na ọgwụ nke United States (FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine) na American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA):** Mmadụ Nchekwa Ndị Ahịa: Ihe kpatara na ị gaghị enye ọkpụkpụ esi nri (Chicken, Turkey, Rib, or Pork Bones) nye Nkịta Gị.
• ** Akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mberede ahụike anụmanụ na nlekọta dị egwu (JVECC, Obr et al. / Niedzwecki et al.):** * Nchekwa na arụmọrụ nke Veterinary Emesis (Apomorphine, Ropinirole) vs. 3% hydrogen peroxide, na mgbochi siri ike nke hydrogen peroxide n'ime nwamba na ntinye ihe dị nkọ *.
• ** Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Ọrịa anụmanụ nke Ọstrelia (AVA) na Animal Poisons Center (McKenzie et al., * Australian Veterinary Journal , Australia):* * Njirimara nke Canine Macadamia Nut Toxicosis na Nkume-Mkpụrụ / Avocado Mgbochi Ahụ Ndị Ọzọ *.