Ebuli Scissor na Boom Lift Tip-Overs, Nchụpụ Catapult, na Nnapụta n'elu Crushing¶

Mobile Elevating Work Platforms (MEWPs), nke a na-ekekarị na vetikal ** mkpali elu (Group A)** na telescopic ma ọ bụ na-akọwapụta ** boom lifts / cherry pickers (Group B)**, na-etinye aka na narị narị ebe ọrụ na-egbu egbu na ihe mberede mgbazinye kwa afọ n'ofe ebe owuwu, ụlọ nkwakọba ihe, ihe nkiri, na ọrụ nlekọta osisi. Ụzọ atọ dị iche iche nke ọdịda arụrụ arụ na-akpata ọnụ ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke ndị na-ebuli elu ikuku: ** nkwụsịtụ ike na mberede *** mgbe ebuli elu na-ebugharị otu wiil n'ime oghere ala 10-inch (4-inch), drain trench, ma ọ bụ ihe mgbochi slab na-enweghị ihe mgbochi nchebe nke pothole; ** nchụpụ katapult site na mbuli elu *** mgbe wiil ụkwụ ndị dị ala dapụrụ na mgbochi, gbadata n'ala siri ike, ma ọ bụ dọba alaka ụlọ ọrụ dị elu wee pịa ogologo ogwe aka ọganihu dị ka trebuchet ochie, na-ebupụta onye ọrụ na-adịghị arụ ọrụ 15 mita (ụkwụ 50) site na ikuku; na ** nchikota n'elu (nkụkọ / pinning) *** mgbe onye ọrụ na-azụ azụ ma ọ bụ welie nkata ahụ n'ime nchara I-beam nke dị n'elu, na-agbanye obi ha na azụ n'ofe joystick nke elu ka igwe na-aga n'ihu na-ebuli elu n'ime ọgịrịga ha. Ọ bụrụ na ebuli elu ikuku tụgharịrị, kpọtụrụ eriri ọkụ, ma ọ bụ tụnye onye na-arụ ọrụ n'elu, kpọọ nọmba mberede mpaghara gị ozugbo (911 na United States na Canada, 112 gafee European Union, 999 na United Kingdom) ma ọ bụ lelee akwụkwọ ndekọ aha nke ụwa anyị. nọmba mberede. Maka ụkpụrụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na ọkụ eletrik metụtara, gụọ ntuziaka anyị na scaffolding, swing-stage ọdịda, na njide nkwusioru trauma, n'ọnụ ọnụ kreenu, nkwụsị ibu kwụsịtụrụ, yana kọntaktị ahịrị ọkụ, na mmerụ ahụ na akụkụ syndromes.

Mee nke a ugbu a¶

1. ** Ọ bụrụ na onye na-arụ ọrụ na-agbanye n'etiti ụgbọ okporo ígwè ikuku na nchara ígwè ma ọ bụ ọkpọkọ, gbaba na ala nke igwe ma rụọ ọrụ Ground-Level Emergency Lowering Valve ozugbo, nanị mgbe ị chọpụtachara nkata ahụ ejighị n'aka na ihe mgbochi ahụ. ntuziaka inyeaka / njikwa iweda ọkụ eletrik ** na chassis isi. Tụgharịa igodo igodo na ala panel site na "Platform" na "Ground" (nke na-ebipụ ngwa ngwa nke onye na-arụ ọrụ ọnyà na-arụ ọrụ ọnyà n'elu joystick), lelee anya iji gosi na nkata ahụ adịghị ejide ya * n'elu * nke osisi ma ọ bụ duct, wee wetuo ikpo okwu nwayọọ nwayọọ n'ime ikuku doro anya.
2. Adịla emetụla chassis isi nke ikuku elu si n'ala ma ọ bụrụ na ọganihu ma ọ bụ stack stack na-emetụ aka ma ọ bụ n'ime mita 3 (ụkwụ 10) nke eriri ọkụ eletrik dị n'elu. Imetụ igbe njikwa ọkwa ala aka mgbe ị na-eguzo na unyi na-emecha sekit na-egbu egbu n'ime obi gị. Nọrọ azụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala ** 10 ruo 15 mita (33 ruo 50 feet)* wee kpọọ ọkụ eletrik na 911/112/999 maka nkwụsịtụ ahịrị mberede.
3. ** Ọ bụrụ na ị nọ n'ime igwe ebuli elu ma ọ bụ ebuli elu nke na-amalite na-atụgharị gaa n'ọnụ ụzọ, Awụpụla na nkata ahụ, nọrọ n'ime ebe nchekwa ahụ, kwado ụkwụ gị n'obosara, ma jide n'ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè dị n'etiti ala na aka abụọ n'ime ya. ịpịa ngwa ngwa karịa ike ndọda na-etipịa gị n'ala simenti. Ọ bụrụ na etinyere gị nke ọma n'ime igwe na-ebuli elu nke nwere obere ihe mgbochi ọdịda, mee nkwado n'ime nkata; jide ụgbọ okporo ígwè dị n'ime ma ọ bụ n'etiti ụgbọ okporo ígwè ** ka a ghara ịkpụcha mkpịsị aka gị ma ọ bụrụ na ụgbọ okporo ígwè dị n'elu na-ekpocha mgbidi.
4. ** Ọ bụrụ na a chụpụrụ onye na-arụ ọrụ n'elu igwe na-ebuli elu wee hapụ ya n'etiti ikuku site na njigide nchekwa ha zuru oke, wetuo nkata ahụ site na njikwa ala n'ime nkeji 5 ruo 10 iji gbochie nhụsianya nkwusioru na-egbu egbu (Orthostatic Intolerance).* syncope na njide obi n'ime ihe dịka nkeji 10 ruo 15. Kụzie onye ọrụ nkwugidere ka **na-awụpụ ụkwụ ha n'ihu ma ọ bụ tinye eriri enyemaka ha nke trauma ***, jiri njikwa ala mee ka ọganihu ahụ gbadata n'ala ozugbo, ma debe onye ọrụ a napụtara ya ka ọ nọdụrụ ala kwụ ọtọ ma ọ bụ jiri nlezianya nyochaa usoro nkwusioru trauma.
5. ** Ọ dịghị mgbe ịkwọ ụgbọala mkpali elu ma ọ bụ boom lift na ikpo okwu dị elu ma ọ bụrụ na elu bụ ihe nwụrụ anwụ-larịị ihe (n'okpuru 1.5 ka 5 degrees mkpọda), doro anya nke ala oghere, na akpaka Pothole Nchekwa Bars adawo ọcha n'okpuru chassis.** Tupu ịkwaga ọ bụla elu elu ọbụna 30 centimeters (1 ụkwụ), lee anya n'elu ala n'elu ala n'akụkụ anọ nke chasis kpuchiri ekpuchi-n'ala nke p. oghere, akụkụ slab, ma ọ bụ ngwaọrụ.
6. **Ekwụsịla n'okporo ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè ma ọ bụ n'elu ebe nchekwa nke igwe mkpara, ejikọtala osisi dị n'etiti elu abụọ, na mgbe ọ bụla ị ga-ekekọta lanyard nchekwa gị na oghere ụlọ ma ọ bụ ọkpọkọ ụlọ dị n'akụkụ mgbe ị nọ n'ime ụlọ elu. dọtara n'okporo ụzọ nche wee hapụ nghọta na oghere.

Osisi mkpebi: n'ọnụ elu ikuku ebuli elu, nzọpịa n'elu, na iweda nnapụta ala¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Ebuli elu ikuku (Scissor Lift or Boom Lift) Mberede"] --> IncidentType{"Kedu ụdị ihe mberede ebuli ikuku na-eme?"}

    IncidentType -->|"1. Nkụpịa/ịkụnye n'elu isi: Onye na-arụ ọrụ kpọgidere n'elu ụlọ elu n'elu njikwa."| PowerCheck{"Ọ na-etinye aka na waya eletrik dị n'elu?"}

    PowerCheck -->|"Ee: Ebuli na-emetụ aka ma ọ bụ ịgba ọkụ n'ahịrị ọkụ"| StayClear["Ọpụpụ dị elu: 1. Emetụla chassis ebuli ma ọ bụ njikwa ala 2. Debe ndị niile na-eguzo 15 m (50 ft) site na igwe 3. Kpọọ 911 / 112 / 999 na Utility Electric maka nkwụsị mberede mberede."]

    PowerCheck -->|"Mba: Igwe igwe dị ọcha na-etipịa ahịhịa, duct ma ọ bụ truss"| SnagCheck{"Nhazi nkata ahụ ọ na-agbanye n'elu osisi?"}

    SnagCheck -->|"Mba: Akọnyere onye ọrụ n'okpuru osisi"| GroundLower["MGBE MGBE MGBE ỌZỌ: 1. Mepee igbe nchịkwa ala na chassis base 2. Tụgharịa igodo nhọrọ site na PLATFORM gaa na GROUND (na-egbu joystick elu) 3. Mee ka mgbanaka na-acha uhie uhie / enyemaka enyemaka ma ọ bụ ịgbanye 4. Lower ikpo okwu were were ruo mgbe doro anya wee weta ala maka CPR / CPR."]

    SnagCheck -->|"Ee: Ụgbọ okporo ígwè ma ọ bụ ala na-ezu ike n'elu truss/pipe"| CarefulFree["MKPỤTA ANTI-TILT: 1. Adịla kpuo ìsì ịdọrọ valvụ hydraulic dump ntuziaka (ga-atụ nkata 90 degrees) 2. Gbanwee igodo gaa na GROUND wee jiri mgbapụta inyeaka kwadoro jib / teliskop kpochapụ n'ikuku ahụ nke mbụ 3. Ozugbo ịpụchara n'akụkụ, gbadaa n'ala."]

    IncidentType -->|"2. ỌRỤ NA-EKWU NDỊ NA-EKWESỊRỊ N'ZI BASKET: E si na Boom Lift chụpụrụ na njide Fall-ejide."| HangRescue["NKWUKWU NDỊ NA-ANỤTA NKWUKWU (< 10 MINUTES): 1. Tikuo onye ọrụ nkwugide: PUMP LEGS ma ọ bụ banye n'ime eriri trauma 2. Gbanwee igodo ala na GROUND ma jiri njikwa ọganihu ala mee ka onye ọrụ dị ala n'ala 3. Akwụsịla nkata ahụ n'elu ihe mgbochi n'okpuru onye ọrụ nkwugidere 4. Na-emeso mmerụ ahụ n'ihi mmerụ ahụ / nhụsianya trauma."]

    IncidentType -->|"3. Eweliri elu ma ọ bụ rapara n'osisi na-adịghị mma: Wheel in Hole ma ọ bụ High-Wind Sway"| TiltAction["MGBE NDỤMỌDỤ-N'ỤRỤ NKWUKWU: 1. Onye na-arụ ọrụ na nkata: Kwụsị ịnya ụgbọ ala na ịzụlite ozugbo; crouch na center nke ikpo okwu 2. Unu na-agbalị ụgbọala si a pothole mgbe elu 3. Ground crew: Clear ọdịda mpaghara (1.5x lift height) na direction dabere 4. Lower mkpa stack ma ọ bụ retract telescoping ọganihu ogologo ala site na iji ala njikwa tupu ịkwaga."]

Fisiks injinịa nke mkpasa lift vs boom lift tip-overs¶

N'okpuru ọkọlọtọ MEWP nke mba ụwa (** ANSI / SAIA A92.20, CSA B354.6, na ISO 16368 / EN 280 ), a na-ekewa elu ikuku site na njirisi abụọ n'ibu: ** Group ** (ebe etiti ike ndọda nke ikpo okwu na-anọdụ ala n'ahịrị ahịrị nke wiil) na enwere ikike ịnya ụgbọ elu ** . - ** Otu A (Scissor Lifts na Vertical Mast Lifts): Ntule kwụ ọtọ nke etiti ikpo okwu na-anọkarị * n'ime * ahịrị tipping (rektangulu nke wiil anọ ma ọ bụ outriggers mere). - ** Otu B (Nkọwapụta na Telescopic Boom Lifts):* Ikpo okwu na-agbatị * gafere * ahịrị ntụnye nke wiil, na-edozi naanị site na nnukwu ihe nkedo ígwè n'ime turret na-atụgharị.

1. Gịnị mere oghere ala 10-centimeter (inch 4) na-atụgharị elu mkpasa dị kilogram 3,000 (6,600-paụnd)¶

Igwe elu igwe eletrịkị dị n'ime ụlọ nwere chassis dị warara (mgbe ọ bụ naanị ** 0.76 ruo 0.81 mita (30 ruo 32 sentimita) n'obosara** ka o wee dabara n'ọnụ ụzọ azụmahịa ọkọlọtọ) nke na-agbatị kwụ ọtọ ruo mita 6 ruo 12 (20 ruo 40 ụkwụ)** n'ikuku. - ** The High Center-of-Gravity Triangle:** Mgbe e wetutara mkpokọ mkpakọ nke ọma, ngwakọta etiti igwe na onye ọrụ na-anọdụ naanị 60 centimita (inch 24) n'ala. Mgbe a na-ebuli ikpo okwu ruo mita 10 (ụkwụ 33) ya na ndị ọrụ abụọ na igbe ngwá ọrụ dị n'elu oche ahụ, etiti ike ndọda jikọtara ọnụ na-ebili ọtụtụ mita n'elu nchịkọta mkpara dị warara. - ** Otu obere mkpọda ụkwụ si eme ka CG gafere ahịrị ntupụ:** Site na geometry trigonomic, ọ bụrụ na otu wiil nke elu 80-centimeter-obosara (32-inch n'obosara) mkpasa ebuli na-adaba n'ime mgbapu ala ** 10-centimeter (4-inch), na-agbapụ na nsọtụ nke centimita 10-centimeter ma ọ bụ 1 ibe n'akụkụ ụzọ mgbochi ụkwụ. (0.5-inch) plywood na-ekpuchi oghere ala ***, chassis ahụ na-agbada n'akụkụ ** 7 degrees **. N'ebe dị elu nke mita 10 (ụkwụ 33), nkwụsị ogo 7 na-atụgharị ikpo okwu dị elu ** 1.22 mita (4 ụkwụ) n'akụkụ , na-ebugharị etiti ike ndọda kpamkpam n'èzí wheel ala. Ike ndọda na-eweghara ma ebuli ahụ dum na-agbago n'akụkụ banye n'ala ihe na-erughị 2.5 sekọnd. - ** Ihe Ogwe Nchekwa Pothole na-eme n'ezie (na ihe kpatara ịfefe ha na-egbu): Lee n'okpuru aka ekpe na aka nri nke ihe ọ bụla na-ebuli slab nke ọgbara ọhụrụ: ị ga-ahụ ogwe nchara abụọ dị arọ na-agbanye na ala nke etiti n'etiti wiil ihu na azụ. Mgbe ị na-ebuli ikpo okwu n'elu ihe dị ka mita 1.8 (ụkwụ 6), njikọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ hydraulic na-akpaghị aka na-atụgharị ** Ogwe Nchekwa Pothole ** ka ha nọrọ naanị ** 1.9 ruo 2.5 centimeters (0.75 ruo 1.0 inch) n'elu ala **. Ọ bụrụ na wiil na-abanye n'ime oghere ala, ogwe afọ ahụ dị arọ na-esi n'ime ala na-adaba n'elu ihe dị larịị tupu wheel ahụ enwee ike ịdaba ihe karịrị 2 centimeters, na-egbochi ibuli elu ka ọ ghara ịdaba. Ọ bụrụ na apịtị, ogige akọrọ akpọnwụ akpọnwụ, ma ọ bụ njikọ gbajiri agbagọ na-egbochi otu mmanya olulu mmiri ka ọ ghara igbachi, onye na-arụ ọrụ na-agbadata mgba ọkụ ka ọ gafere ebe nchekwa ahụ, ịkwọba n'ime obere oghere ala na-ebute n'ọnụ ọnwụ ozugbo.

2. Gịnị mere ndọtị decks na drywall mpempe akwụkwọ tụgharịa mkpa na-ebuli na jụụ ikuku¶

Ọtụtụ ihe na-ebuli mkpasa na-egosi ebe mgbatị mgbanaka ** slide-out (roll-out cantilever)** nke gbatịrị mita 0.9 ruo 1.5 (ụkwụ 3 ruo 5) gafere wiil n'ihu. 1. ** Oke ndọtị ịdị arọ nke oke ibu vs Main Platform Weight Oke:** Ọ bụ ezie na enwere ike ịdepụta ikpo okwu mkpasa isi maka ** 350 ruo 450 kilogram (770 ruo 1,000 pound), a na-enyocha oche ndọtị nke cantilevered maka ** naanị otu onye gbakwunyere ngwaọrụ aka, nke na-adịkarị kilogram 113. Ikpokọ igbe dị arọ nke ọkpọkọ sprinkler, drywall, ma ọ bụ ndị ọrụ abụọ na-apụta n'elu oche ndọtị na-agbanwe etiti ike ndọda gafere oke nkwụsi ike axle n'ihu. 2. ** The "Sail Effect" (Indoor vs Outdoor Wind Ratings): Lee anya na serial data efere n'ime akpa mkpasi ebuli: ọtụtụ warara eletrọnịkị scissor lifts ka e gosiri maka "INDOOR USE ONLY - MAXIMUM WIND SPEED: 0 MPH (0 m / s)", ebe a na-ebuli elu n'èzí (12 m / s). kwa elekere)**. Ọbụlagodi na mbuli elu nke dị n'èzí, na-ebu \(1.2\text{-by-}2.4\text{-meter}\) (\(4\text{-by-}8\text{-foot}\)) mpempe akwụkwọ plywood, drywall, ma ọ bụ ígwè siding na nkata, ma ọ bụ kwụgidere ọkọlọtọ ụlọ ọrụ n'okporo ụzọ nche, na-atụgharị nkata ụgbọ mmiri dị elu ka ọ bụrụ nnukwu ifufe. Igwe ọkụ mberede *35-kilomita kwa elekere (22-mile-kwa-hour) na-akwagide otu mpempe akwụkwọ plywood dị mita 9 (ụkwụ 30) na-ewepụta oge ntụgharị ihu zuru oke iji bulie elu n'elu pavement nwụrụ anwụ.

Tụnyere ihe egwu MEWP, iwu njigide, na omume nnapụta ala¶

Otu esi arụ ọrụ Sistemụ Mbelata Mberede Mberede Ala iji napụta onye ọrụ tọrọ atọ¶

N'okpuru ụkpụrụ OSHA, ANSI A92.20, na EN 280, a gaghị arụ ọrụ elu ikuku naanị na-enweghị onye zụrụ azụ n'ime ntị nke maara ka esi arụ ọrụ ** n'ọkwa ala na njikwa mbelata mberede **. Ọ bụrụ na onye na-arụ ọrụ n'ime nkata ahụ nwere nkụchi obi, ọrịa strok, anaphylaxis na-egbu aṅụ, ma ọ bụ na-echi ya ọnụ n'elu elu ụlọ elu, onye ọrụ ala ahụ ga-ebudata ha na-enweghị ịrịgo mkpakọ.

Kwụpụ 1: Mee 3-Second "Overhead Snag Check" Tupu imetụ valvụ ọ bụla aka.¶

Tupu ị dọtuo mgbada mgbada ihe mberede ọ bụla na ala igwe, lee anya n'elu nkata: - ** A na-atụnye onye na-arụ ọrụ * n'okpuru* oghere uko ụlọ (na-agbada na ha), ma ọ bụ na nkata nchekwa nchekwa / ala jikọtara ya * n'elu osisi, ọkpọkọ ọkpọkọ, ma ọ bụ oghere mbara ihu?** - ** Gịnị kpatara ọdịiche a ji bụrụ ndụ-ma ọ bụ ọnwụ:** N'ọtụtụ ihe na-ebuli mkpasa, ịdọrọ eriri mbelata ihe mberede nke ntuziaka na-emepe valvụ mwụfu na ala nke hydraulic lift cylinder, na-ebuga mmanụ hydraulic azụ n'ime tank ka ike ndọda na-agbadata nchịkọta mkpa. Ọ bụrụ na nkata dị n'elu ** na-agbanye n'elu nchara ígwè ma ọ bụ ebe a na-ewu ụlọ ** wee dọpụta valvụ hydraulic drain valvụ, nrụgide hydraulic na-akwado stack stack na-adaba na efu ka nkata ahụ na-ejide n'elu oghere. Sekọnd ka nke ahụ gachara, okporo ụzọ nchekwa ahụ na-apụ n'anya na ikpo okwu dum ** n'efu na-adaba ọtụtụ mita ruo mgbe ọ dabara n'ime cylinder hydraulic slack ma ọ bụ tụnye igwe dum n'elu ***.

Nzọụkwụ 2: Otu esi eweda Scissor lift si n'ala¶

Chọta ogwe njikwa ala na batrị/haịdrọlik dị na chassis ntọala nke mkpasi elu: 1. ** Usoro A - Mkpuchi njikwa ala kwadoro (jiri nke mbụ ma ọ bụrụ na batrị na-arụ ọrụ):** - Mepee ogwe njikwa ala n'akụkụ ma ọ bụ azụ nke etiti ntọala. - Tụgharịa ** igodo Nhọrọ Nhọrọ ** site na akara ngosi "Platform" gaa na akara ngosi "Ground / Base". (Nke a na-ewepụ ozugbo igbe njikwa elu na nkata). - Wepụ bọtịnụ ** Red Emergency Stop (E-Stop)** na ala panel ka sekit dị ndụ. - Jide ngbanwe ** Kwado / Ọrụ ** wee tụgharịa ** Platform Down mgba ọkụ ** gbadaa. Oti mkpu na-agbadata nke ọma ga-ada ma mkpakọ mkpakọ ga-agbadata nke ọma n'okpuru mmiri hydraulic na-achịkwa. 2. ** Usoro B - Igwe eji eme ihe mberede na-eweda eriri / T-aka (Jiri ma ọ bụrụ na batrị anwụọla ma ọ bụ E-Kwụsị emebi):** - Lelee azụ ma ọ bụ akụkụ nke chassis ntọala (na-abụkarị n'okpuru ọkwa ntinye ma ọ bụ n'akụkụ azụ azụ) maka eriri na-acha uhie uhie ** T-Handle na-egbuke egbuke ma ọ bụ eriri nchara nchara ** ejiri akara akụ na-agbada ala (EMERGENCY LOWERING). - Guzosie ike na ogwe aka mkpa (anaghị erute ogwe aka gị site na nchịkọta mkpakọ, nke na-eme dị ka nnukwu nchara nchara). - Sepụta aka T-acha uhie uhie n'èzí wee jide ya. Valvụ ndị na-enyocha mmiri na-eju mmiri na ala nke hydraulic lift cylinders ga-emeghe, na-ekwe ka ikpo okwu na-agbada nke ọma site na ike ndọda. Ntọhapụ T-aka na-acha uhie uhie na-akwụsị mgbada ozugbo.

Kwụpụ 3: Otu esi eweda Articulating ma ọ bụ Telescopic Boom Ebuli si n'ala¶

Ọganihu na-ebuli elu enweghị ike ịgbada site na ike ndọda n'ihi na ọ nwere ọtụtụ cylinders hydraulic (buli elu ọganihu, jib lift, teliskop gbatịrị/retract, na ntụgharị ntụgharị). Ya mere, a na-eji ihe mgbapụta ọkụ eletrik 12-volt DC kwadoro batrị n'ọdụ ụgbọ ala: 1. Mepee ụzọ njikwa turret ala, tụgharịa ** Mgbanwe igodo gaa na "Ground", wee wepụ bọtịnụ ** Ground Red E-Stop **. 2. Ọ bụrụ na isi mmanụ diesel/gas na-agba ọsọ, jide naanị ** Ọrụ Kwado mgba ọkụ ** wee jiri ihe ntụgharị ntụgharị eserese eserese ka ** buru ụzọ weghachi teliskop ahụ, wee wetuo nnukwu ọganihu na jib . 3. ** Ọ bụrụ na injin isi anwụọla ma ọ bụ enweghị mmanụ: Jidesie mgba ọkụ ọkụ inyeaka / ihe mgbapụta mberede n'otu aka ka ị na-eji aka nke ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ ** Boom Retract na Boom Down toggle switches **. Mgbapụta ọkụ eletrik ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebugharị hydraulic cylinders iji weta nkata n'ala.

Iwu nchebe ọdịda: Scissor Lift (Fall Restraint) vs Boom Lift (Amanyere mmanye)¶

Ndị ọrụ na-enwekarị mgbagwoju anya banyere mgbe achọrọ ihe nchekwa nchekwa na ebuli ikuku: 1. ** Na nkwalite ọganihu (Group B - Articulating, Telescopic, or Vehicle Mounted Bucket):** A ** nchekwa nchekwa zuru oke na lanyard bụ iwu 100 pasent nke oge ** n'okpuru OSHA (29 CFR 1926.453(b)(2)(v)), ANSI A92, CSA, na UK HSE/IPAF iwu, site na nke abụọ ụkwụ gị na-abanye na nkata na ala ruo mgbe ị ga-apụ. - ** Jiri obere Fall-Restraint Lanyard ma ọ bụ Self-Retracting Lifeline (SRL) kwadoro maka ndị na-eduga n'akụkụ: ** A ọkọlọtọ 1.8-mita (6-ụkwụ) ujo-absorbing ọdịda-ejide lanyard na-abụkarị ** ogologo oge ** maka nkwalite ọganihu: ọ na-enye gị ohere ịmegharị ya kpamkpam n'elu ụlọ nche ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-arụ ọrụ n'ala 1.5 mita (1.5 mita) n'okpuru mita 5 (ụkwụ 16). IPAF na ANSI na-akwado ** mgbanaka obere ihe mgbochi ** na-edobe úkwù gị n'ime okporo ụzọ nkata ka enweghị ike ịchụpụ gị na mbụ. 2. ** N'ime Scissor Lift (Group A): *** Igwe nchekwa igwe dị elu 1.1-mita (42-inch-high) nke nwere okporo ụzọ etiti na bọọdụ ụkwụ bụ usoro nchebe ọdịda bụ isi n'okpuru iwu OSHA gọọmentị etiti, ma ọ bụrụhaala na emechiri ọnụ ụzọ / agbụ na ụkwụ gị kwụ ọtọ n'ala. Agbanyeghị, ** ọ bụrụ na onye nrụpụta mkpasa na-ebuli elu na-enye ebe arịlịka lanyard n'ime ikpo okwu, ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na iwu nchekwa saịtị / onye were gị n'ọrụ chọrọ ihe njigide ***, ị ga-eyiri akwa ahụ zuru oke na ** obere njem na-egbochi lanyard ** nke na-egbochi gị ịrịgo n'elu ụgbọ okporo ígwè.

Nọmba mberede mpaghara na ụkpụrụ ụlọ ọrụ¶

• United States: Kpọọ 911 ozugbo maka nnapụta ubube ikuku nke ngalaba ọkụ ma ọ bụ nzaghachi trauma. A na-achịkwa nchekwa MEWP ebe ọrụ ** OSHA 29 CFR 1926.453 (Aerial Lifts) / 1926.451 (Scaffolds)** yana ANSI/SAIA A92.20, A92.22 (Safe Use), na A92.24 (Ọzụzụ) ụkpụrụ. A ga-akọrịrị ihe niile na-egbu egbu ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọgwụ na OSHA (1-800-321-6742).
• Canada: Kpọọ 911 maka nnapụta mberede. A na-ahazi atụmatụ MEWP, nyocha na ọrụ nchekwa site na CSA B354.6 / B354.7 / B354.8 yana ọrụ ahụike na nchekwa ọrụ mpaghara (** WorkSafeBC**, ** Ontario Ministry of Labour**, CNESST).
• United Kingdom: *** Kpọọ 999*********** maka ọrụ ọkụ na nnapụta na nzaghachi ụgbọ ihe mberede. A na-ahazi elu ikuku site na ** Health and Safety Executive (HSE)** n'okpuru ** Ọrụ na Iwu Height 2005** na LOLER 1998 (Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations), yana ụkpụrụ ụlọ ọrụ nke **International Powered Access Federation (IPAF) na-eduzi.ipaf.org).
• ** European Union: *** Kpọọ ** 112 ** gafee mba ndị otu EU niile. Ndị MEWP ga-agbaso ** EN 280 (Ngwaọrụ na-ebuli ọrụ mkpanaka - Ngụkọ nhazi, njirisi kwụsie ike, ihe owuwu, nchekwa) ***.
• Australia na New Zealand: Kpọọ 000 na Australia ma ọ bụ 111 na New Zealand. Edere ya bụ ** Safe Work Australia**, WorkSafe NZ, Elevating Work Platform Association (EWPA), na AS/NZS 1418.10 / AS 2550.10 (ebe a chọrọ ikike ** WP High Risk Work Licence*** maka ibuli elu nwere nnukwu ọganihu nwere mita 11 ma ọ bụ karịa).

Ajụjụ a na-ajụkarị¶

Kedu ihe kpatara na enweghị m ike kegide ihe mgbochi nchekwa m n'obere elu igwe siri ike n'elu igwe igwe m kama iji obere mgbanaka dị n'ala ebuli elu?¶

Idobe akwa akwa nchekwa gị n'obere nchara arụrụ arụ n'elu, truss uko ụlọ, ma ọ bụ ọkpọkọ mgbe ị na-eguzo n'ime igwe mkpagharị mkpanaka ma ọ bụ ebuli elu bụ nnukwu mmebi nchekwa nwere ike ịnwụ n'okpuru iwu OSHA, ANSI na IPAF. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-akụtu ụgbọala joystick na mberede, ma ọ bụrụ na hydraulic cylinder na-arịdata ala, ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na onye ọrụ ibe gị na-ewetu elu ahụ, igwe ahụ na-apụ n'okpuru ụkwụ gị ebe elu ụlọ ahụ na-ejide gị n'etiti ikuku na-enweghị ụzọ ị ga-esi ruo njikwa, ngwa ngwa na-akpata nkwusioru nkwusioru ma ọ bụ na-amanye lanyard gị ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-ebuli 3-ton na-ebuli elu.

Kedu ihe m ga-eme ma ọ bụrụ na ihe mkpali e buliri elu enweta otu wiil na ịda mbà n'obi na-emighị emi ma ọ bụ pụọ na nsọtụ nke mbadamba nkume?¶

Nke mbụ, onye na-arụ ọrụ na nkata ga-eme ka draịva niile kwụsịtụ ma bulie njikwa ozugbo wee makpuo ala n'etiti etiti ikpo okwu; anwala ịnya n'ihu ma ọ bụ laa azụ na ịda mbà n'obi mgbe mkpụkọ mkpakọ na-ebuli elu, ebe ọnya mbanye na mgbake dị ike ga-akpali ebe etiti ike ndọda gbafere n'ahịrị. Nke abụọ, kpochapụ ndị ọrụ niile site na mpaghara mwepu ala nhata ugboro 1.5 n'ịdị elu elu n'akụkụ ala. Nke atọ, ọ bụrụ na ebuli ahụ kwụsiri ike nke ọma ka ọ gbadaa na kwụ ọtọ na-enweghị ihe mgbochi, jiri njikwa nbibi nke ala ka ọ wetuo ihe mkpakọ ahụ ozugbo ruo n'ọnọdụ a kpara akpa tupu ịdọrọ ma ọ bụ ihie wiilịlụ.

Enwere m ike idowe stool, ịwụ, ma ọ bụ 2x10 plank n'ofe etiti okporo ụzọ nke mkpasa ebuli ka iru 60 centimeters (2ụkwụ) dị elu n'ime grid ụlọ?¶

Ya adịla mgbe arịgoro n'ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè etiti ma ọ bụ n'elu ụgbọ elu, na etinyekwala ubube, stool, bọket, ma ọ bụ plank osisi n'ime nkata ebuli elu. A na-arụ ọrụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè dị mita 1.1 (inch 42) kpọmkwem ka ọ nọrọ n'elu etiti ike ndọda nke onye toro eto guzoro ọtọ n'elu ikpo okwu (nke úkwù ya na pivot pivot dị ihe dị ka sentimita 39 n'ịdị elu). Oge ị kwụ n'elu bọket 45-centimeter (18-inch) ma ọ bụ stool, ma ọ bụ guzoro n'etiti ụgbọ okporo ígwè, etiti ahụ nke ike ndọda na-ebili n'elu ebe nchekwa dị n'elu, nke pụtara obere ihe ọ bụla na-ebuli elu ga-ebuli gị isi n'elu ụgbọ okporo ígwè gaa n'ala kọmpat.

Kedu ihe kpatara na ọganihu na-ebuli elu n'ike ọbụna mgbe ị na-anya kilomita 3 kwa elekere (kilomita 2 kwa elekere)?¶

Igwe elu telescopic ma ọ bụ ihe na-eme mkpọtụ na-akwado nkata onye na-arụ ọrụ na njedebe nke osisi nwere ike ịgbatị 10 ruo 40 mita (33 ruo 130 feet) ogologo, na-agba n'elu ụfụfụ siri ike nke jupụtara na ụfụfụ ma ọ bụ nke siri ike na-enweghị ihe na-eme ka ihe na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ (n'ihi na isi iyi dị nro ga-eme ka ọganihu ahụ dịkwuo elu mgbe ọ na-efegharị n'akụkụ). Mgbe axle ụkwụ siri ike, nke na-enweghị sprung na-atụgharị n'elu osisi 7.5-centimeter (3-inch) ma ọ bụ tụba n'ime oghere, obere ntụgharị angular na axle na-amụba site na nha nke ogologo ọganihu na wheelbase, na-emepụta ụtarị kwụ ọtọ na nkata nke nwere ike gafere 3 ruo 5 ugboro ike nke ike.

Kedu otu ị ga-esi na-emeso onye ọrụ a napụtara mgbe ọ kwụgburu onwe ya n'amaghị ama n'ime ihe njide njide dara maka nkeji iri na ise (Nkwụsịtụ nkwusioru)?¶

Mgbe onye ọrụ kwụgidere n'enweghị mmegharị na njiko, ọdọ mmiri venous ọbara na ala ụkwụ n'ihi na eriri ụkwụ mpikota onu akwara femoral na mọzụlụ nwa ehi anaghị ebughachi ọbara azụ n'obi. Ozugbo ewedara ya n'ala, kpọọ 911/112/999 ozugbo wee lelee ụzọ ikuku, iku ume na mgbasa ozi. Ọ bụrụ na onye ọrụ ahụ amaghị ihe ọ bụla, ọ naghịkwa eku ume ma ọ bụ na-enwe nkụda mmụọ, tọọ ha ozugbo ma malite CPR ọkọlọtọ. Ọ bụrụ na onye ọrụ ahụ maara nke ọma ma ọ bụ na-amachaghị nke ọma, gbasoo trauma dị ugbu a na ntuziaka Wilderness Medical Society: tọpụ eriri ụkwụ siri ike, lelee anya maka arrhythmias obi, mee ka ha kpoo ọkụ, wee hụ na ụgbọ njem paramedic ozugbo gaa ụlọ ọgwụ iji lelee maka rhabdomyolysis, hyperkalemia, na thrombosis miri emi. Inweta enyemaka mbụ n'ebe ọrụ na nkuzi CPR sitere na Red Cross, St John Ambulance, ma ọ bụ onye na-enye nkwado na-akwado ndị ọrụ maka trauma ụlọ ọrụ.

Ntuziaka emetụtara¶

• Ntugharị, ọdịda-ọkwa na-adagharị, na nkwusioru nkwusioru ihe nkesa windo
• Ntụnye kreenu, nkwụsị ibu kwụsịtụrụ, yana kọntaktị ahịrị ọkụ n'elu
• Ihe mberede ụgbọ mmiri na-ebufe ihe n'ọnụ na ụlọ nkwakọba ihe
• Mkpọpịa mmerụ ahụ na akụkụ syndrome enyemaka mbụ

Isi mmalite na nduzi ọchịchị¶

• ** Nchekwa ọrụ na nlekọta ahụike (OSHA 29 CFR 1926.453 / 1926.451) na NIOSH: ** * igbochi ọdịda na ndụmọdụ nke Scissor Lifts na Aerial Boom Lifts (NIOSH Hazard Review and Alert Publications)*.
• Scaffold & Access Industry Association (SAIA) na ANSI A92 Standards Committee: * ANSI/SAIA A92.20 (Design, Calculations, Safety Requirements, and Tests for Mobile Elevating Work Platforms) na A92.22 (Safe Use of MEWPs)*.
• ** International Powered Access Federation (IPAF) na UK Health and Safety Executive (HSE): *** Akụkọ nchekwa MEWP zuru ụwa ọnụ: gbochie mmetụta nke Catapult (H1/R1 Harness Rule), Usoro Mbelata Mberede Mberede Ala, na Nchekwa nke Abụọ megide Ntinye n'elu*.
• ** International Organisation for Standardization (ISO 16368) na European Committee for Standardization (EN 280): *** * Igwe eji arụ ọrụ na-ebuli elu - nkwụsi ike, mkpuchi mkpuchi pothole, yana njikwa mbelata inyeaka *.
• Wilderness Medical Society (WMS) na UK HSE Research Report RR708:* Ihe akaebe dabere na Clinical Management of Harness Suspension Trauma (Orthostatic Intolerance) na Prehospital Resuscitation*.