Kor uqaadida maqas iyo kor u qaadida talooyinka kor uqaadida, ka saarida catapult, iyo samatabbixinta burburinta sare¶

Qalabka Kor u qaadista Mobaylada (MEWPs), oo caadi ahaan loo qaybiyo ** wiish maqas ah (Kooxda A)** iyo telescopic ama articulating ** wiish kor u qaadaya / kooxda cherry pickers (Kooxda B), waxay ku lug yeeshaan boqolaal goob shaqo oo dilaa ah iyo shilal kiro ah sanad walba guud ahaan goobaha dhismaha, bakhaarada, filimada, iyo hawlaha daryeelka dhirta. Saddex nooc oo farsamo oo kala duwan ayaa xisaabiya inta ugu badan ee dhimashada wiishashka hawada: ** tibaaxaha dhaq-dhaqaaqa degdega ah ee degdega ah marka wiish sare uu hal taayir u kaxeeyo godka 10- sentimitir (4-inji) ah, godad jeexjeexa, ama meel la taaban karo oo dhulka hoostiisa ah iyada oo aan la geynin baararka ilaalinta godka; ** ka saarida wiishka kor u kaca** marka taayirrada salku ay ka soo dhacaan xayndaabka, ka soo boodaan dhul qallafsan, ama dhufaan laan sare leh oo garaac cududda korriinka dheer sida trebuchet dhexe, oo bilaabaya hawlwadeen aan la xidhin 15 mitir (50 cagood) hawada; iyo ** Burburinta dusha sare ah (ku xidhid/ pinning)** marka hawlwadeenku si lama filaan ah dib ugu celiyo ama u kiciyo dambiisha birta sare ee I-beam, iyaga oo laabtooda ku cadaadinaya iyo dhabarka sare ee farystick kantaroolka si mishiinku u sii wado kor u qaadida feeraha. Haddii wiishta anteenadu ay dhaafto, la xiriirto khadka korontada, ama ku dhejiso wadayaasha dusha sare, wac lambarka degdega ah ee degaankaaga isla markiiba (911 gudaha Maraykanka iyo Kanada, 112 guud ahaan Midowga Yurub, 999 gudaha Boqortooyada Ingiriiska) ama la tasho buuggayaga caalamiga ah ee nambarada degdega ah. Nidaamyada dhaawaca warshadaha iyo korantada ee la xiriira, ka akhriso hagayaashayada xoqid, guuldarada heerka lulid, iyo jug-joojin ka-hakin ah, wiishka caarada-dhaafka ah, rarka hoos u dhaca oo hakad, iyo xidhiidhka khadka korontadaiyo burburka dhaawaca iyo cilladda qaybta.

Hadda samee tan¶

1. ** Haddii hawl-wadeenku ku xidhmo inta u dhaxaysa tareenada dambiisha anteenada iyo birta dusheeda ama birta dusheeda ah, ku orod saldhigga mashiinka oo dhaqaajiso Valve-ka Degdegga ah ee Heerka Ground isla markiiba, KALIYA ka dib marka la xaqiijiyo dambiisha kuma xirna xannibaadda. buug caawimo/ kontoroolka hoos u dhigista korantada** ee chassis-ka. U rog furaha furaha guddiga dhulka "Platform" una wareeji "Ground" (taas oo isla markiiba gooysa xayndaabka sare ee xirxiran ee hawlwadeenka), kor u eeg si aad u xaqiijiso in dambiisha aan la daadin * dusheeda * alwaax ama tuubo, oo si tartiib ah u hoos u dhig masraxa hawo cad.
2. **Weligaa ha taaban chassis-ka hoose ee wiishka anteenada dhulka haday taabato korka ama maqaska maqaska ay taabato ama u jirto 3 mitir (10 fiit) ee khadka korontada ee sare. Taabashada sanduuqa kantaroolka heerka dhulka markaad ku taagan tahay wasakhda waxay dhamaystiraysaa wareegga dilaaga ah ee wadnahaaga. Dib u joog ugu yaraan 10 ilaa 15 mitir (33 ilaa 50 cagood) oo wac utility koronto iyo 911/112/999 si aad khadka degdega ah uga saarto tamarta.
3. *Haddii aad ku jirto gudaha wiish maqas ah ama wiish kor u kaca oo bilaaba u janjeerta dhanka tijaabada, HA ka boodin dambiisha, ku jir gudaha dariiqyada ilaaliyaha, cagahaaga si ballaaran u adkee, oo qabso tareenka hoose ee dhexda iyada oo labada gacmoodba ay gudaha ku jiraan. garaacista si ka dhaqso badan cufisjiidka oo kugu burburinaya sagxada shubka. Haddii si sax ah laguugu gooyo wiish kor u kaca oo leh dayr gaaban oo xakameynaya dayrta, ku dheji dambiisha dhexdeeda; Qabo ** biraha gacan ee gudaha ama dhexda tareenka ** si aanay farahaadu u xiirin haddii xadiidka sare uu xoqo gidaar.
4. Haddii hawlwadeen laga soo saaro wiish boodbood ah oo ay ka soo laadlaadsan yihiin hawada dhexe iyada oo la adeegsanayo qalabka badbaadada jidhkooda oo dhan, ka soo deji dambiisha kontaroolada dhulka 5 ilaa 10 daqiiqo gudahood si aad uga hortagto jahawareerka Joojinta dilaaga ah (Lafaha Lafaha) syncope iyo wadnaha oo istaaga in ka yar 10 ilaa 15 daqiiqo. Far shaqaalaha soo laadlaada inay ** si joogto ah u bamgareeyaan lugahooda ama ay geeyaan suunka suunka naafaynta dhaawacyada, isticmaalaan kontaroolada dhulka si ay kor ugu soo dejiyaan dhulka isla markaaba, iyo in shaqaalaha la samatabbixiyey uu fadhiyo mid toosan ama si taxadar leh loola socdo borotokool kasta oo dhaawac ah.
5. Weligaa ha wadin wiish maqas ah ama wiish sare leh oo madal kor u kacday ilaa dusha sare aanu ka ahayn shamii heerkeedu dhintay (oo ka hooseeya 1.5 ilaa 5 darajo jiidhay), oo ka go'an godadka sagxada, iyo Baararka Ilaalinta Godadka tooska ah ayaa si nadiif ah hoos uga dhacay shasiga. godadka, geesaha jeexjeexyada, ama qalabka.
6. Weligaa ha is dul taagin tareenka dhexda ama ilaaliyaha sare ee wiish maqaska, waligaa ha isku xidhin looxa labada wiish dhexdooda, waligaa ha ku xidhin barxaddaada badbaadada alwaaxda dhismaha ee ku xiga ama tuubada saqafka markaad wiish ku dhex jirto. soo dulmaray dariiqii waardiyaha oo ka tagay isagoo meel bannaan ka laadlaadsan.

Geedka go'aanka: tilmaan-qaadista hawada sare, burburinta sare, iyo hoos u dhigista samatabbixinta¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Kor u qaadida hawada (Sawirka maqas ama kor u qaadida kor u qaadida) Gurmadka"] --> IncidentType{"Waa maxay nooca degdega ah ee wiishka hawada ee dhacaya?"}

    IncidentType -->|"1. MADAXDA SARE EE BURBURINTA/DHEX-GELINTA: Hawl-wadeenka ayaa ka soo horjeeda laydhka saqafka sare ee kontaroolada"| PowerCheck{"Miyuu ku lug leeyahay silig koronto oo sare?"}

    PowerCheck -->|"Haa: Wiishku waa taabasho ama ku foorarsi khadka korontada"| StayClear["Ka Saaridda Voltage-sare: 1. Ha taaban chassis wiishka ama kontaroolada dhulka 2. Ka fogee dhammaan dadka ag taagan mashiinka 15 m (50 ft)"]

    PowerCheck -->|"Maya: Burbur farsamo oo saafi ah oo ka dhan ah dhogorta, tubbada, ama dunta"| SnagCheck{"Qaab dhismeedka dambiishu miyuu ku dheggan yahay alwaax dushiisa?"}

    SnagCheck -->|"Maya: Hawlwadeenku waxa uu ku xidhan yahay laydhka hoostiisa"| GroundLower["HOOS U HOOSEYSIINTA DHAQAALAHA DHULKA AH: 1. Ku fur sanduuqa kantaroolka dhulka ee chassis-ka 2. U rog furaha doorashada PLATFORM una beddelo GROUND (dilaaya feedhka sare)"]

    SnagCheck -->|"Haa: Jidka ilaaliyaha ama sagxadda ayaa ku nasanaya sagxadda sare ee tuubada"| CarefulFree["Ka-soo-baxa KA-hortagga: 1. Si indho la’aan ah ha u jiidin gacanta gacanta lagu tuuro hawo-qaadista (waxa ay ku dhejin doontaa dambiisha 90 darajo)"]

    IncidentType -->|"2. SHAQAALAHA KALA DUWAN SANAANTA DIBADDA"| HangRescue["Badbaadinta DHIBAATOOYINKA KAALINTA (< 10 DAQIIQO): 1. Ku qayli shaqaalaha soo laadlaadsan: LUGAHA BAABUURTA ama u gudub xargaha dhaawaca 2. U beddel furaha dhulka GROUND oo isticmaal kontaroolada korriinka dhulka si aad u hoos u dhigto shaqaalaha ilaa dabaqa 3. Ha hoos u dhigin dambiisha caqabta ka hooseysa shaqaalaha ka laadlaadsan 4. Ka dawee oo ka daawee dhaawaca miskaha ee shakiga"]

    IncidentType -->|"3. KALA JIRO AMA KU DHACDAAN SABAD JIR AH: Taayir ku dhex jira Dalool ama Dabayl-sare"| TiltAction["KA HOR TALO-Xasilinta Xasiloonida: 1. Hawlwadeenka dambiisha: Jooji dhammaan waditaanka iyo korinta isla markiiba; Isku laabta barxadda bartamaheeda 2. Ha isku dayin in aad ka saarto god dheer adigoo sare u kacaya"]

Fiisigiska injineernimada ee wiish maqas vs boom wiish tip-overs¶

Marka loo eego heerka caalamiga ah ee MEWP-ga (** ANSI/SAIA A92.20, CSA B354.6, iyo ISO 16368 / EN 280 ***), wiishka anteenada waxaa loo qaybiyaa laba shuruudood oo farsamo: Koox *** (halkaas oo udub dhexaadka culeyska masraxa uu ku fadhiyo marka loo eego khadka taayirrada) iyo haddii la oggol yahay in lagu wado mashiinka - Kooxda A (Liftsyada maqas iyo sarajoogta toosan): Saadaasha toosan ee xarunta barxadda waxay had iyo jeer ku sii jirtaa * gudaha xariiqyada caarada (leydi ay sameysteen afarta taayir ama kuwa ka soo baxa). - Kooxda B (Articulating and Telescopic Boom Lifts): Goobtu waxay ku fidsan tahay * wixii ka dambeeya xariiqyada caarada taayirrada, waxaana dheellitiran oo keliya culeyska kabka-birta culus ee gudaha giraanta wareegta.

1. Waa maxay sababta daloolka dabaqa ah ee 10- sentimitir (4-inch) ah uu u rogo wiish maqas ah oo dhan 3,000-kilogram (6,600-pound)¶

Wiish maqas saleeb koronto ah oo gudaha ah ayaa leh shasi cidhiidhi ah (badanaa kaliya ** 0.76 ilaa 0.81 mitir [30 ilaa 32 inji] ballac *** si ay ugu habboonaato albaabka ganacsiga caadiga ah) kaasoo si toosan u fidsan ilaa 6 ilaa 12 mitir (20 ilaa 40 cagood) hawada dhexdeeda. - Saddex-xagalka sare ee cuf-isjiidadka: Marka xirmada maqasku si buuxda hoos loogu dhigo, isku darka xarunta cuf-jiidadka mishiinka iyo hawlwadeenku waxay fadhiyaan kaliya 60 sentimitir (24 inji) dhulka. Marka madal kor loo qaado ilaa 10 mitir (33 cagood) oo leh laba shaqaale iyo sanduuqyo qalabeed oo sagxadda dusheeda saaran, xarunta cufisjiidka ee la isku daray waxay kor u kacdaa dhawr mitir oo xidhmada maqas cidhiidhi ah. - ** Sida dhibicda taayir yari u dhaqaajiso CG-da oo dhaafsiisan xariiqda caarada:** geometry trigonomic, haddii hal taayir ah oo kor u kacay 80 sentimitir ballac (32-inji-ballaaran) wiish maqas ah uu ku dhaco ** 10 sentimitir (4-inji) biya-mareenka, wuxuu ka baxaa cidhifka 10-sintimitir oo dhumucdiisuna, ama 1 xabbad dhudhun ah oo laami ah. (0.5-inji) alwaax daboolaya dalool dabaq ah *, shasigu wuxuu u janjeeraa dhinac 7 darajo. Joog dheer oo ah 10 mitir (33 cagood), 7-degree u janjeera meeraha sare u kacay 1.22 mitir (4 cagood) dhinac, isaga oo u dhaqaajinaya badhtamaha cuf-jiidadka gebi ahaanba ka baxsan saldhigga giraangiraha. Cufisjiidku wuu la wareegayaa oo wiishka oo dhami wuxuu ku deddejinayaa dhinaca sagxadda shubka ah in ka yar 2.5 sekan. - ** Waxa ay Baararka Ilaalinta Godadka dhab ahaantii sameeyaan (iyo sababta ay uga gudbaan iyaga ayaa dila): Ka eeg hoosta bidix iyo midig ee wiish kasta oo maqas ah oo casri ah: waxaad arki doontaa laba bir oo culus oo ku dheggan xagga hoose ee jir ee u dhexeeya taayirrada hore iyo dambe. Markaad kor u qaaddo goobta ka sarraysa qiyaastii 1.8 mitir (6 cagood), isku xidhka makaanikada ama qalabeeyayaasha si toos ah u laabi kuwa ** Baararka Ilaalinta Godadka ** si ay u fadhiistaan ​​kaliya ** 1.9 ilaa 2.5 sentimitir (0.75 ilaa 1.0 inch) oo ka sarreeya dabaqa ***. Haddii taayirku uu ku kaco dalool sagxadda ah, birta caloosheeda culculus waxay ka soo horjeedaa suunka la taaban karo ka hor inta uusan giraangigu hoos u dhicin wax ka badan 2 sentimitir, ka hortagaya in wiishku soo dhaco. Haddii dhoobada, darbiga qallalan ee qallalan, ama isku xirnaanta qaloocan ay ka hortagto hal baal oo godadka ah inuu xirmo, oo shaqaaluhu uu ku dhejiyo xadka xadka si uu u dhaafo gooynta badbaadada, wadista dalool yar oo sagxadda ah ayaa sababa dhimasho degdeg ah.

2. Waa maxay sababta sagxadaha fidsan iyo gidaarada qallalan ay wiishka maqas u rogaan hawo deggan¶

Inta badan wiishashka maqasku waxa ay ka kooban yihiin ** sagxad dheeri ah oo simbiriirixan leh (kantilevers-ka-soo-baxa)** oo fidisa 0.9 ilaa 1.5 mitir (3 ilaa 5 cagood) oo dhaafa taayirrada hore. 1. Xdidaada Miisaanka Sagxada Kordhinta vs Xadka Culayska Platform Main: Iyadoo masraxa wiishka maqas ee ugu weyn lagu qiimeeyo 350 ilaa 450 kiiloogaraam (770 illaa 1,000 rodol) Isku-dubbaridida sanaadiiqda culus ee tuubada rusheeyaha, gidaarka qallalan, ama laba shaqaale oo saaran sagxada fidinta waxay beddeshaa xarunta cufisjiid ee dhaafta xadka xasilloonida xagasha hore. 2. ** "Saamaynta Shiraacda" (Gudaha iyo Qiimaynta Dabaysha Dibadda): Fiiri saxanka xogta taxanaha ah ee ku dhex jira dambiisha wiishka maqaska: wiishash maqas koronto oo cidhiidhi ah oo badan ayaa lagu qiimeeyay "Isticmaalka GUDAHA KALIYA - Xawaaraha Dabaysha ugu Sarreysa: 0 MPH (0 m/s)", halka wiishashka bannaanka lagu qiimeeyay ay ku xaddidan yihiin ilaa 5 mitir saacaddiiba. saacadiiba). Xataa wiish bannaanka lagu qiimeeyay, sidda \(1.2\text{-by-}2.4\text{-meter}\) (\(4\text{-by-}8\text{-foot}\)) xaashi alwaax ah, gidaar qallalan, ama bir ku dhex jirta dambiisha, ama ku sudhista baarka shirkadda ee dariiqyada ilaalada, waxay u rogta dambiisha sare ee shiraaca dabaysha. Dhaqdhaqaaq degdeg ah ** 35 kiiloomitir-saacaddiiba (22-mayl-saacaddii) ku riixida xaashi alwaax ah oo dhererkeedu yahay 9 mitir (30 cagood) ayaa abuurta daqiiqad rogitaan dambe oo ku filan si kor loogu qaado wiishka laami heerka dhintay.

Isbarbardhigga khataraha MEWP, xeerarka xajinta, iyo falalka samatabbixinta dhulka¶

Sida loo shaqeeyo Nidaamka Hoos u dhigista Degdegga ah ee Heerka Dhulka si loo samatabbixiyo hawlwadeen ku xanniban¶

Marka la eego heerarka OSHA, ANSI A92.20, iyo EN 280, wiishka anteenada waa inaan waligiis lagu shaqayn kaligii la'aanteed qof tababaran oo dhulka ku jira oo garanaya sida loo isticmaalo -ka-hortagga heerka dhulka iyo xakamaynta hoos u dhigista degdegga ah. Haddii hawlwadeenka dambiisha uu ku dhaco wadno-xanuun, kulayl-ku-dhiigfuran, shinnidu ku qabato anaphylaxis, ama ay ku jajabto alwaax saqafka sare ah, shaqaalaha dhulka waa inuu hoos u dhigaa iyaga oo aan korin rasin maqaska.

Talaabada 1: Samee 3-ilbiriqsi "Snag Check Overhead" KA HOR taabashada waalka kasta¶

Kahor intaadan jiidin wax hoos u dhigista degdega ah saldhigga mashiinka, si toos ah u eeg dambiisha: - ** Hawlwadeenku miyuu ku xidhan yahay hoos alwaax saqafka sare ah (hoos u riixaya), Mise dambiisha ilaaliyaha / sagxada ayaa ku dheggan * dusheeda* alwaax, tuubooyin, ama saqafka balakoonka?** - Waa maxay sababta ay u kala duwanaanshiyahani u yahay nolol ama geeri Haddii dambiisha xagga sare ku taal ** lagu dhufto dusha birta birta ah ama cirifka dhismaha oo aad soo jiidato galka biyo-mareenka biyaha ee gacanta, cadaadiska haydarooliga ee taageeraya xirmada maqaska wuxuu hoos u dhacayaa eber iyadoo dambiilku uu ku sii jiro cirifka. Ilbiriqsiyo ka dib, tareenkii la jabay ayaa ka siiban biimka oo goobta oo dhan **-bilaashku waxay ku dhacaysaa dhowr mitir ilaa ay ku dhufato dhululubada haydarooliga ah ee jilicsan ama ku tilmaanto mashiinka oo dhan ***.

Talaabada 2: Sida kor looga soo qaado maqaska dhulka¶

Ka hel guddiga kontoroolka dhulka iyo batteriga/qeybta biyo-biyoodka ee gunta hoose ee wiishka maqaska: 1. ** Habka A - Awood-kordhinta Xakamaynta Dhulka (Isticmaal marka hore haddii batarigu shaqaynayo):** - Fur guddiga kontoroolka dhulka ee dhinaca ama gadaale ee qaabka salka. - Ka leexi ** Furaha Xulashada Beddelka ** ka "Platform" sumadda una beddel calaamadda "Ground/Base". (Tani isla markiiba waxay curyaamisaa sanduuqa kantaroolka sare ee dambiisha). - Ka soo saar badhanka ** Joogsiga Degdegga ah ee Cas (E-Stop)** ee ku yaal guddida dhulka si wareeggu u noolaado. - Qabo Enable/Fuction Beddelka oo u rog ** Hooska Platform-ka** hoos. Qeylo-dhaanta soo degista caadiga ah ayaa dhawaaqi doonta, xirmada maqaskuna waxay hoos ugu dhigi doontaa si habsami leh iyadoo la xakameynayo qulqulka biyo-mareenka. 2. Qaabka B - Cable-ka Degdegga ah ee Farsamada Gacanta ee Gacanta (Isticmaal haddii uu batterigu dhintay ama E-Stop uu go'ay): - U fiirso dhabarka ama dhinaca chassis-ka saldhiga (badanaa midigta ka hooseysa jaranjarada soo galitaanka ama ku xigta taayirrada danbe) si aad u hesho caarad iftiimaya ** Gaduud T-Handle ama xadhig bir ah oo jiidaya** oo lagu calaamadeeyay fallaadho hoos u xardhan (EMERGENCY LOWERING). - Si buuxda u istaag gacmaha maqaska (waligaa gacantaada ha ku gaadhin xidhmada maqaska, taas oo u dhaqma sida xiirid bir ah oo weyn). - T-gacanta cas dibadda u soo jiid oo hay. Albaabka jeegga ee guga ku raran ee salka dhululubada wiisha haydarooliga ayaa furmi doona, taasoo u oggolaanaysa in goobta ay si habsami leh ugu soo degto cuf-jiidadka. Sii daynta gacanta T-cas waxay joojinaysaa soo degista isla markiiba.

Talaabada 3: Sida hoos loogu dhigi karo Kor u qaadida Farshaxanka ama Telescopic ee dhulka¶

Wiish kor u kaca ah si fudud hoos uguma daadin karo cuf-jiidka sababtoo ah waxa uu leeyahay dhululubo badan oo biyo ah (wiish kor u kaca ah, wiish jib, telescope fidin/dib-u-noqod, iyo rogaal-rogid). Sidaa darteed, wiishashka kor u kaca waxaa lagu qalabeeyay 12-volt DC batari ku shaqeeya Auxiliary Hydraulic Pump ee xarunta kantaroolka dhulka: 1. Fur albaabka kantaroolka turubka dhulka, u rog ** Beddelka Furaha "Ground"**, oo soo bixi ** Badhanka Cas ee E-Stop . 2. Haddii naaftada/matoorka gaaska ugu weyn uu ordo, si fudud u qabo Function Enable switch oo adeegso daarannada beddelka jaantuska ah si aad marka hore u soo celiso telescope-ga, ka dibna hoos u dhig kobaca weyn iyo jib-ka. 3. Haddii mishiinka ugu weyni uu dhintay ama uu shidaalku ka dhammaaday: Hal gacan ku qabo Korantada Kaaliyaha ah / Gurmadka Degdega ah adigoo isla mar ahaantaana ku shaqaynaya ** Boom Retract iyo Boom Down toggles* gacantaada kale. Bamka korantada ee kaydka ah ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u dhaqaajin doona dhululubada Haydarooliga si uu dambiisha ugu keeno dhulka.

Xeerarka ilaalinta dhicitaanka: Maqas-qaadista (Xakamaynta Dhicista) vs Kor u qaadida (suunka qasabka ah)¶

Shaqaaluhu waxay had iyo jeer ku jahwareeraan marka suunka badbaadada looga baahan yahay wiishka hawada: 1. ** Kor u Qaadista Kobcinta (Kooxda B - Farshaxan, Telescopic, ama Baaldi-Baabuur-Ku rakiban):** ** Suunka badbaadada jirka oo dhan iyo deyrka waa qasab 100 boqolkiiba waqtiga *** hoos yimaada OSHA (29 CFR 1926.453(b)(2)(v)), ANSI A92, CSA, iyo UK HSE/IPAF xeerarka, laga bilaabo ilbiriqsi cagtaadu waxay u socotaa dambiisha dhulka ilaa aad ka baxdo. - Isticmaal Lanyard gaaban ama Is-Restraint Lifeline (SRL) oo lagu qiimeeyay cidhifyada hogaaminaya: Heerka 1.8-mitir (6-fiit) ee shoogga dayrta-qabashada inta badan waa ** aad u dheer wiish kor u kaca: waxay kuu ogolaanaysaa in lagu dhejiyo gabi ahaanba ka sarreeya mitirka ilaaliyaha oo aad ku dhacdo 1 mitir oo dhulka ah (1.5 cagood) ka hooseeya 5 mitir [16 cagood]. IPAF iyo ANSI waxay ku talinayaan ** lanyard gaaban oo la hagaajin karo oo miskahaaga ku ilaalinaya biraha dambiisha si aan marka horeba lagaa saari karin. 2. ** Kor u qaadida maqas (Kooxda A):** Dhererka 1.1-mitir-sare (42-inch-sare) birta birta ah ee leh birta dhexda iyo sabuuradaha suulasha ayaa ah nidaamka ilaalinta dhicitaanka aasaasiga ah ee hoos yimaada sharciyada federaalka ee OSHA, waase haddii albaabada/silsilada la xiro oo cagahaagu si siman u joogaan dhulka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ** haddii saaraha wiishka maqasku uu ku bixiyo barta barroosinka ee gudaha goobta, ama haddii xeerarka badbaadada goobta/shaqeeyaha ay u baahan yihiin suunka *, waa inaad xirataa suunka jirka oo dhan oo leh ** gaab gaaban oo xaddidan lanyard kaas oo kaa ilaalinaya inaad korto tareenka sare.

Lambarada degdega ah ee gobolka iyo borotokoolka wakaalada¶

• Mareykanka: Wac 911 isla markiiba si aad u hesho samatabbixinta jaranjarada anteenada ee waaxda dab-demiska. Badbaadada MEWP ee goobta shaqada waxaa maamula ** OSHA 29 CFR 1926.453 (Hawo-qaadayaasha hawada) / 1926.451 (Shaqadaha)** iyo ANSI/SAIA A92.20, A92.22 (Isticmaalka Nabdoon), iyo A92.24 (Tababarka) heerarka. Dhammaan shilalka dhimashada ama isbitaalka waa in lagu wargeliyaa OSHA (1-800-321-6742).
• Kanada: Wac 911 samatabbixin degdeg ah. Naqshadaynta MEWP, kormeerka, iyo hawlgalka badbaadada leh waxaa nidaamiya CSA B354.6 / B354.7 / B354.8 iyo falalka badbaadada iyo caafimaadka shaqada ee gobolka (** WorkSafeBC**, ** Wasaaradda Shaqada ee Ontario**, CNESST).
• United Kingdom: Wac 999******112 si aad u heshid jawaabta Adeegga Badbaadinta iyo Dabka iyo Ambalaaska. Wiishashka hawada waxaa nidaamiya Health and Safety Executive (HSE) sida hoos timaada Shaqada Height Regulations 2005 iyo **LOLER 1998ipaf.org).
• Midowga Yurub: Wac 112 dhamaan wadamada xubnaha ka ah EU. MEWPs waa in ay u hoggaansamaan **EN 280 (Muuqaalka Shaqada Kor U Qaadista - Xisaabinta naqshadeynta, shuruudaha xasilloonida, dhismaha, badbaadada) ***.
• Australia iyo New Zealand: Wac 000 gudaha Australia ama 111 gudaha New Zealand. Waxaa nidaamiyay Shaqo Badbaado leh Australia, ** WorkSafe NZ**, Ururka Dhismaha Shaqada Kor U Qaadida (EWPA), iyo AS/NZS 1418.10 / AS 2550.10 (halkaas oo rukhsadda WP WP Ruqsad Shaqo oo Khatarta Sare ah looga baahan yahay kor u kaca oo leh 11 mitir oo kor u kaca ah.

Su'aalaha soo noqnoqda¶

Maxay tahay sababta aanan ugu xidhi karin dayrkayga suunka badbaadada alwaax adag oo bir ah oo ka sarreeya wiishkayga maqaska halkii giraanta yar ee sagxada wiishka?¶

Ku xidhida suunka badbaadadaada suunka birta qaab dhismeedka korka ah, saqafka saqafka, ama raafka tuubada markaad dhex taagan tahay wiishka maqaska guurguura ama wiish kor u kaca waa xad gudub badbaado halis ah oo halis ah marka loo eego xeerarka OSHA, ANSI, iyo IPAF. Haddii aad si lama filaan ah u garaacdo joystick-ka darawalka, haddii dhululubada haydarooliga hoos u soo degto, ama haddii shaqaale dhulka ku jira uu hoos u dhigo wiishka, mashiinku wuxuu ka dhaqaaqaa cagahaaga hoostiisa halka saqafka saqafka ahi uu kugu haynayo hawada dhexe iyada oo aan lahayn si aad u gaarto kontaroolada, si degdeg ah u keena dhaawac halis ah oo dhimasho ah ama ka soo jiidaya xayndaabkaaga haddii 3-tan qaad ee kor u qaadida aad kor u qaadayso.

Maxaan sameeyaa haddii wiish maqas sare ahi uu hal taayir ku dhego niyad jab aan qoto dheerayn ama ka soo baxo cidhifka sariirta shubka ah?¶

Marka hore, hawlwadeenka dambiisha waa in uu qaboojiyaa dhammaan darawallada oo kor u qaado kontaroolada isla markaaba oo uu hoos ugu foorarsado bartanka goobta; Waligaa ha isku dayin inaad hore u wado ama aad ka noqoto niyad jabka iyadoo xidhmada maqasku ay sare u kacayso, maadaama garaaca wadista iyo boodboodka firfircooni ay ku riixi doonaan xarunta foorarsan ee cufisjiidad ee dhaaftay xariiqda caarada. Marka labaad, ka saar dhammaan shaqaalaha aagga ka saarista dhulka oo le'eg 1.5 jeer dhererka wiishka dhinaca hoose. Seddexaad, haddii wiishku uu xasiloon yahay oo ku filan inuu si toosan hoos ugu dhaco adigoon ku dhicin xannibaad, isticmaal kontaroolada heerka dhulka si aad u hoos ugu dhigto raso maqaska si toos ah halka la dhigay ka hor inta aanad jiidin ama weelaynta giraangiraha.

Ma dhigi karaa saxaro-tallaabo, baaldi, ama 2x10 loox alwaax ah dhexda tareennada wiishashka maqaska si aan u gaaro 60 sentimitir (2 cagood) oo ka sarreeya shabagga saqafka?¶

Waligaa ha fuulin tareenka dhexe ama tareenka sare, hana dhigin jaranjaro, saxaro-tallaabo, baaldiyo, ama alwaaxyo gudaha dambiisha wiishashka hawada. Dhererka tareenka 1.1-mitir (42-inch) ayaa si gaar ah loo farsameeyay si uu uga sarreeyo bartamaha cuf-jiidka qof weyn oo si siman u taagan sagxadda masraxa (kaas oo bartiisa dhexda/misigta ay qiyaastii tahay 1 mitir [39 inches] sare). Daqiiqada aad ku istaagto baaldi 45-cm (18-inch) ah ama saxaro-tallaabo, ama aad istaagto tareenka bartamaheeda, xudunta cuf-jiidka jidhkaaga waxay ka kortaa birta sare ee waardiyaha, taasoo la micno ah wiish kasta oo yar oo wiish ah ayaa kugu dhejin doona madaxa tareenka ilaa sagxada shubka.

Waa maxay sababta kor u kaca wiishku si xoog leh u soo boodaan xataa marka lagu wado 3 kiiloomitir saacaddii (2 mayl saacaddii)?¶

Wiishka kor u kaca ee telescopic ama articulating wuxuu taageeraa dambiisha hawlwadeenka dhamaadka birta birta ah ee 10 ilaa 40 mitir (33 ilaa 130 cagood) dheer, oo ku fuulaya xumbo adag ama taayirro adag oo caag ah oo aan lahayn shoog gawaadhida (sababtoo ah ilo jilicsan ayaa ka dhigi doona caarada kor u kaca marka dhinac loo leexiyo). Marka giraangiraha qallafsan ee giraangiraha ah uu ku dul wareego 7.5 sentimitir (3-inji) oo alwaax ah ama uu ku dhaco godad, wareegga yar ee xagasha ee xagasha waxaa lagu dhuftaa saamiga dhererka korriinka ilaa kursiga wheelbase, abuurista karbaash toosan oo rabshad ah dambiisha oo ka badan kara 3 ilaa 5 jeer xoogga cufnaanta.

Sideed ula dhaqantaa shaqaale la badbaadiyay ka dib markii uu suuxsan yahay oo suuxsan oo ku dhex jira suunka xidhitaanka dhicista ilaa 15 daqiiqo (Dhaawac Suspension)?¶

Marka shaqaaluhu uu laadlaadsado dhaqdhaqaaq la'aan suunka, barkadaha dhiigga ee xididdada ah ee lugaha hoose sababtoo ah xargaha lugaha ayaa cadaadiya xididdada femoral iyo muruqyada kubka kuma soo celinayaan dhiigga wadnaha. Marka lagu soo dejiyo dhulka, wac 911/112/999 isla markiiba oo hubi marin-haweedka, neefsashada, iyo wareegga. Haddii shaqaaluhu miyir daboolan yahay oo uusan neefsaneyn ama garaaca wadnaha, isla markiiba si toos ah u dhig oo bilow CPR-ga caadiga ah. Haddii shaqaaluhu miyir qabo ama miyir-beel ku jiro garaaca wadnaha, raac tusmooyinka hadda jira ee dhaawaca iyo Wilderness Medical Society: dabciyaan xarkaha lugaha ee cidhiidhiga ah, si dhow ula soco wadna xanuunka wadnaha, ku diiri, oo hubi gaadiidka degdega ah ee isbitaalka si loo baadho rhabdomyolysis, hyperkalemia, iyo xinjirowga xididdada qoto dheer. Qaadashada gacan-ku-qabsiga gargaarka degdegga ah ee goobta shaqada iyo koorsada CPR ee Laanqeyrta Cas, St John Ambulance, ama bixiye la aqoonsan yahay waxay u diyaarisaa shaqaalaha dhaawacyada warshadaha.

Tilmaamaha la xidhiidha¶

• Wareejinta, heerka lulida oo guuldarraystay, iyo dhaawac ka joojinta suunka daaqadaha
• Crane-ka-kordhinta, culayska la hakiyay, iyo xidhiidhka sare ee khadka korontada
• Forklift tilmaan-dhaafka iyo shilalka raritaanka bakhaarka
• Dhaawaca burburka iyo cilladda qaybta gargaarka degdegga ah

Ilaha iyo hanuuninta rasmiga ah¶

• ** Maamulka Badbaadada Shaqada iyo Caafimaadka (OSHA 29 CFR 1926.453 / 1926.451) iyo NIOSH:**
• ** Iskaashatada & Ururka Warshadaha Helitaanka (SAIA) iyo ANSI A92 Guddida Heerarka:** ANSI/SAIA A92.20 (Naqshada, Xisaabinta, Shuruudaha Badbaadada, iyo Hababka Tijaabada ee Kor u qaadida Shaqada Mobilka) iyo A92.22 (Isticmaalka Nabdoon ee MEWPs).
• ** Xiriirka Helitaanka Awooda Awooda Caalamiga ah (IPAF) iyo Maamulka Sare ee Caafimaadka iyo Badbaadada UK (HSE):** * Warbixinta Badbaadada MEWP ee Caalamiga ah: Ka Hortagga Saamaynta Catapult (H1/R1 Rule), Nidaamyada Hoos-u-dhaca Degdegga ah ee Dhulka, iyo Ilaalinta Sare ee Ka Hortagga Ku-xidhnaanta Sare*.
• Ururka Caalamiga ah ee Halbeega (ISO 16368) iyo Guddiga Yurub ee Habaynta (EN 280): * Qalabka Kor-u-qaadista Shaqada ee Mobilka - Xasilloonida, Isku-xidhka Ilaalinta Godadka, iyo Xakamaynta Hoosaynta Kaaliyaha.
• Bulshada Caafimaadka Wilderness (WMS) iyo UK HSE Warbixinta Cilmi baarista RR708: Caddaynta Ku Salaysan Maaraynta Kiliinikada ee Dhibaatada Joojinta Suunka (Dulqaad la'aanta Orthostatic) iyo Dib-u-soo-noolaynta Isbitaalka Ka Hor.