Daadka Makiinada Dhaqatada: Tuubada Supplya ee Qarxaysa, Socodka Wareegga Wareegga, iyo Qulqulka Tuubbada taagan¶
Nambarada deg-degga ahi way ku kala duwan yihiin waddan ahaan. Boggani wuxuu isticmaalaa 911, lambarka Maraykanka iyo Kanada. Wadamo badan oo kale ayaa isticmaala 112, 999, ama nambar kale. U hel lambarka wadankaaga.
Xogta dhabta ah ee ceymiska ee Waqooyiga Ameerika iyo Yurub ayaa ku qiimeeyay dillaacyada saadka sahayda tuubbada dharka iyo qulqulka qulqulka saddexda il ee ugu sarreeya ee burburka biyaha deegaanka. Si ka duwan makiinada weelka ama musqusha oo si isdaba joog ah u buuxiya iyada oo loo marayo khadka dhexroor yar, dhar dhaqida guriga ayaa ku xiran ** 19-milimitir (0.75-inji) kulul iyo qabow beero sahayda tufaax ah ** kaas oo ku sii jira cadaadiska biyaha ee joogtada ah ee dawladda hoose ee ** 3.5 ilaa 5.5 bar (50 ilaa 80 rodol saacadiiba labajibbaaran, ama p.si) Marka caag madow oo EPDM ah oo gaboobay uu buuxiyo finan yaryar oo uu ka dillaaco feerka naxaasta ah, wuxuu sii daayaa ** 22 ilaa 38 litir daqiiqadii (6 ilaa 10 gallon daqiiqaddii)**, daadinta ** 1,350 ilaa 2,200 litir (360 ilaa 600 gallons biyo ah, qol biyo ah oo la mariyey saacad kasta. iyo gidaarka saqafka ka hooseeya.
Xataa marka tuubooyinka saadka sahayda la cadaadiyay ay sii jiraan, mashiinada dhar dhaqidda waxay kiciyaan saddex xaaladood oo degdeg ah oo daadad ah: ** socodka wareegga wareegga** (marka buste culus oo aan dheellitirnayn ama dambarka xannibaadda jabay uu keeno mishiin ku wareegaya 1,200 RPM si uu uga soo boodo dhulka oo uu ka dillaaco tuubada dheecaanka ee gidaarka), 38-milimitir ama 1.5-inji tuubooyin gidaar ah), iyo ** daadka shaandhaynta bamka hore-u-qaadka** (marka mulkiilaha gurigu furo daboolka hoose ee qadaadiicda halka 20 litir ama 5 gallon oo biyo ah ay ku xayiran yihiin gudaha durbaanka). Ogaanshaha sida loo damiyo kabaalka sanduuqa dharka lagu dhaqdo ee dib loo dhigay adiga oo aan koronto ku gooyn naftaada, ku daadi rarka hore ee cidhiidhiga ah tubbada degdega ah ee tuubada, iyo sagxadaha hoose ee qallalan 24 saacadood gudahood waxay ka hortagtaa qudhunka qaabdhismeedka. Tixraac nambarada degdega ah, dhuumaha dilaaca, waalka weyn ee xidhidhiyaha biyaha ayaa ku dhegan, daxalaystay taamka albaabka albaabka, iyo furaha joogsigaiyo caaryada ka dib dhaawaca biyaha.
Hadda samee tan¶
- Jooji oo fiiri inta aadan gelin biyaha taagan dabaqa qolka dharka lagu dhaqdo. Haddii biyuhu kor u kaceen si ay u gaaraan meel koronto ah oo gidaar ah, fiilo koronto ah oo dabaqa ku xiran, xirmada qalajiyaha dharka ee korontada ku shaqeeya, ama hoyga hoose ee matoorka mashiinka dharka, **ha dhex gelin biyaha ***. Tag guddiga adeegga korontada ee muhiimka ah (haddii ay ku yaalliin dhulka engegan) oo ka rogo **Dhaqidda / dhaqidda (120V/240V) iyo qalajiyaha (240V 30A) daminta wareegga wareegga marka hore; eeg dab koronto iyo dhimbiil.
- **Dami tubooyinka biyaha kulul iyo kuwa qaboobaha ee sanduuqa gidaarka ee dambe ee mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqo. Haddii ay leedahay laba giraangireed oo wareeg ah oo kala duwan ama kabaallayaasha kubbadda rubuc-wareegga ah, labada dhinac u rog ilaa inta la xirayo.
- **Haddii aadan si badbaado leh u gaadhi karin mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqdo gadaashiisa ama haddii tarigga waalka dhar-dhaqashada ee daxalaysan uu soo daaco ama uu wareego adoon joojin buufinta, dami guriga ee Valveka ugu weyn ee biyaha guriga isla markaaba. eeg waalka weyn ee xidhidhiyaha biyaha ayaa ku dhegan, daxalaystay taamka albaabka albaabka, iyo furaha joogsiga.
- ** Riix badhanka "Cancel / Drain" ama "Power Off" ee mashiinka dharka haddii ay biyuhu ka soo qulqulayaan tuubada gidaarka ama saabuunta hore ee saabuunta. Dhuumaha gidaarka, ** baabiinta wareegga ama jarista awoodda korantada waxay joojinaysaa bamka inuu ku faarujiyo durbaanka dhulka**.
- ** Waligaa ha furin albaabka galaaska ee mashiinka dharka hore ama ha furin furka shaandhada qadaadiicda hore ee hoose inta ay biyuhu ka muuqdaan durbaanka dhexdiisa.
- *Ku dar wareegga biyaha fidsan isla markaaba tuwaalo, billow soo saarista dukaanka-faakuumka qoyan/qalalan saacada ugu horraysa, oo ku rid nalalka saqafka hoose ka hooseeya haddii biyuhu ka tifqayaan saqafka hoose. eeg saqafka oo dumay, gidaar qallalan oo biyuhu gooyeen, iyo khatarta dhalaalaysa malaasta.
Danger
Waligaa si indho la'aan ah ha u gaadhin mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqo si xoog leh, "socodka" mashiinka dharka inta lagu jiro wareegga wareegga xawaaraha sare si aad u qabato tuubooyinka biyaha ama xadhigga korontada, oo waligaa ha furin daboolka sare ee mashiinka wareegta ee furka qufulkiisu uu guuldareystay iskuna day inaad gacmahaaga ku joojiso dambiisha birta ah. Durbaan ay ku raran yihiin denim-qoyan ama gogosha gogosha oo wareegeysa 1,000 ilaa 1,400 RPM waxa ay sidda tamar ku filan si ay gacantaada hore uga jabto ama gacantaada ugu dumiso derbiga; Marka hore ku rog wareegtada dharka lagu dhaqdo ee korantada.
Geedka go'aanka: daadinta mashiinka dharka iyo go'doominta isha daad¶
flowchart TD
Start["Makiinada dharka lagu dhaqo oo daadsan ama biya qulqulaya"] --> WaterElec{"Biyaha taagan miyay taabanayaan meelaha laga baxo, xadhkaha, ama saldhigga qalajiyaha?"}
WaterElec -->|"Haa: Khatarta naxdinta Korontada"| KillBreaker["1. Ha gelin qolka dhar-dhaqashada qoyan ee cago qaawan ama kabo qoyan; 2. Flip Washer (15A/20A) iyo qallajiye (30A) jebiyayaasha damiya meesha ugu weyn ee engegan; 3. Xir Valve Water House ee ku jira qaybta hoose, garaashka, ama godka mitirka"]
WaterElec -->|"Maya: Dabaqa-gacmeedka iyo meelaha laga baxo ee darbiga ku sarreeya"| Source{"Xagee bay biyuhu ka imanayaan?"}
Source -->|"Cadaadis Sare oo Joogto ah Ku buufida Mashiinka Gadaal (Xitaa Marka Demsan)"| BurstHose["1. TUBEE KA BUUXI KULUUL AMA QAWAAN AMA KALA FURSANAA SHARCIGA; 2. Tuur dharka dharka lagu dhaqdo ee hal lever ah ama dami labadaba qasabadaha qabow iyo qabow; 3. Haddi uu galka darbigu dhoco ama aan la heli karin, xidh Guriga Biyaha ee Main House"]
Source -->|"Biyaha Ka Soo Burqanaya Dhuumaha gidaarka Inta lagu jiro Wareegga Biyo-mareenka"| Standpipe["1. BUUGGA HOOSE EE DABINTA QARAN AMA P-DABIN BACKUP; 2. Ku dhufo hakad/koronto dhaqtarka isla markiiba si aad u joojiso bamka daadinta; 3. Dib ha u bilaabin biyo mareenka ilaa tuubada taagan la goynayo; xaqiiji farqiga hawada"]
Source -->|"Mashiinku Horey U Socday Oo Tuubo Laga Soo Saaray Darbiga"| WalkAway["1. KALA GO'IDDA WAREEGTIGA-wareegga; 2. Ku dhufo Korontada oo dami weelasha sahayda darbiga kulul/qabow; 3. Kormeer tuubooyinka sahayda ee fidsan iyo jeedal biya-mareenka jeexjeexan ka hor intaadan dhaqaaqin cutubka"]
Source -->|"Albaab Biyo Ka Buuxsan Yahay (Qalabka Hore Ma Daadi Doono)"| CoinTrap["1. DAbin qadaadiic ah oo xidhan / shaandhaynta bamkaynta; 2. Ka fur qaybta gelitaanka hoose oo ka soo saar tuubo dhuuban oo madow; 3. Ku daadi weelka digsiyada gacmeed ee dubista KA HOR inta aanad furin furka shaandhada weyn"]
KillBreaker --> DryOut["Soo saar biyaha taagan 1 saac gudahood; soo jiid sabuuradaha hoose oo wad humidifiers 24 saacadood gudahood"]
BurstHose --> DryOut
Standpipe --> DryOut
WalkAway --> DryOut
CoinTrap --> DryOut
Dhacdada 1: Dilaac tuubada sahayda caagga ah ama balaastikada gudaha ee dillaacsan¶
Waa maxay sababta mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqo tuubooyinka buuxiyo uu dilaaco marka dhaqisada la damiyo¶
Makiinada dharka lagu dhaqo gudaheeda, biyuhu kuma istaagaan qasabada gidaarka marka culeyska dhaqidda dhammaato. Taa baddalkeeda, tuubooyinka sahayda kulul iyo qabowgu waxay ahaanayaan kuwo lagu cadaadiyo cadaadiska wadooyinka magaalada oo buuxa (3.5 ilaa 6.8 bar, ama 50 ilaa 100 psi) ilaa iyo ilaa korantada ku shaqeysa ** balaastikada biyaha solenoidka ee godka galitaanka ** oo lagu dhejiyay dhabarka dambe ee mashiinka dharka.
Saddex arrimood oo farsamo ayaa sababa in tubooyinkan ama tubooyinkan ay dilaacaan, inta badan saqda dhexe ama marka qoysku maqan yahay:
- Solenoid valve "dubbada biyaha" hirarka naxdinta leh: Si ka duwan tuubada jikada oo ay gacanta bini'aadamku si tartiib tartiib ah u xirto ilbiriqsi ama laba, mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqdo ee solenoid ee korantada ee albaabka ayaa xirma ** in ka yar 20 millise seconds** daraasiin jeer inta lagu jiro wareeg kasta oo dhaqid iyo dhaqid. Xiritaanka degdega ah kastaa wuxuu soo diraa mowjad shoog haydarooliga ah (** dubbaha biyaha ***) isagoo dib ugu dhufanaya tuubada saadka ee dabacsan, isagoo si kooban u tumanaya cadaadiska tuubada gudaha ee 4 bar (60 psi) ilaa in ka badan 14 ilaa 20 bar (200 ilaa 300 psi).
- ** Tuubada caagga ah oo daalka ka saarta iyo daalka qoortiisa oo ba'an:** Tuubooyinka caagga ah ee EPDM ee madow ee aan tidnayn, sanadaha biraha dubbaha, baaskiilka kulaylka biyaha kulul, iyo foorarsi adag gadaashiisa weel aad ugu soo dhawaaday gidaarka ayaa keenaysa in caag gudaha ah uu dillaaco meel u dhow isku xirka dheddigga naxaasta ah. Biyaha la cadaadiyay waxay ku qasbaan inay u dhexeeyaan xayndaabka gudaha iyo jaakadda caagga ah ee dibadda, samaynta *** finan jilicsan** oo si lama filaan ah u kala dillaaca.
- ** Jidhka balaastikada gudaha ee qaboojiya- dillaacay ama daalan:** Waalka solenoid-ka soo gala ee ku rakiban gadaasha dambe ee weelka waxaa caadi ahaan ka samaysan naylon ama polypropylene oo la xoojiyay. Haddii gidaarka qolka dharka lagu dhaqdo ee bannaanka uu hoos ugu dhaco qabowga xilliga jiilaalka, ama haddii cadaadiska biyaha dowladda hoose uu ka sarreeyo 5.5 bar (80 psi) sababtoo ah waalka yaraynta cadaadiska guriga ee guuldareystay (PRV), guriga balaastikada ah ayaa kala qaybsanaysa tolida caaryada, oo ku buufinaya biyaha magaalada si joogto ah xitaa marka mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqo la furo.
| Isha Daadka ee Makiinada dharka | Heerka socodka & Nooca Biyaha | Calaamadda Ogaanshaha Furaha | Tallaabada Xiritaanka Degdegga ah |
|---|---|---|---|
| ** Tuubada Sahayda Kulul ama Qabow | 22 ilaa 38 l/daqiiqo (6 ilaa 10 gpm) oo ah biyaha magaalada oo cadaadisku saaran yahay | buufin qaylo leh oo foodhda dhaqda gadaashiisa; way sii socotaa xataa ka dib marka maydhista la furo; Tuubo kulul ayaa qolka ka buuxinaysa uumi | Ku xidh furayaasha qabow iyo kulul ee sanduuqa dharka derbiga (ama Guriga Weyn ee Biyaha) |
| ** Valve Solenoid Inlet Valve oo dillaacay *** | 10 ilaa 25 l/daqiiqo (2.5 ilaa 6.5 gpm) biyo nadiif ah oo magaalada | Biyaha ayaa ka soo daadanaya gunta golaha wax lagu dhaqo ama waxay si tartiib ah u buuxiyaan durbaan madhan marka mishiinku dansan yahay | Demi fiilooyinka sahayda gidaarka; fur dhaqaha; beddel waalka soo gala solenoid |
| ** Ku dheggan Bedelka Heerka Biyaha *** | ** 12 ilaa 18 l/daqiiqo (3 ilaa 5 gpm)** ka soo qulqulaya tubbada | Washer ayaa sii buuxinaya meesha sare ee kiciyeyaasha ama waxay ka soo buufisaa khaanadaha saabuunta inta uu ordayo, laakiin wuu joogsadaa haddii la furo | ** Ka saar makiinada dhaqda ama weelka roga** (Valalka solenoid wuxuu xiraa marka tamarta laga saaro) oo xir qasabadaha derbiga |
| ** Qulqulka Dhuumaha Joogtada ah** | 35 ilaa 65 l/daqiiqo (9 ilaa 17 gpm) oo ah biyaha cawl inta lagu jiro wareegga dheecaanka | Biyuhu waxay kor uga soo baxaan dhuunta toosan ee gidaarka oo keliya marka matoorka wax lagu dhaqo uu foorarsado inta lagu jiro Daadi ama Spin | Riix hakad/dami isla markiiba si aad u joojiso bamka daadinta; xariiqda gidaarka auger |
| ** Socodka Wareega Wareega-wareegga** | ** 40 ilaa 80 l (10 ilaa 20 gal)** daadinta dufcada + khatarta tuubada jeexan | Mashiinku waxa uu ka soo booday 15 ilaa 60 cm (6 ilaa 24 in) gidaarka, isaga oo ka soo jiidaya xadhig qalooca tuubada taagan | Ku dhufo Awoodda; xidhitaannada sahayda gidaarka; ka eeg tuubooyinka qandhada ka hor inta aanad dib u riixin cutubka |
Sida loo shaqeeyo nooc kasta oo gidaarka dharka lagu dhaqdo ee xira¶
Sababtoo ah mulkiilayaasha guryuhu marar dhif ah ayay taabtaan mashiinada dharka lagu dhaqo ee xira valves 5 ilaa 10 sano, miisaanka calcium ee biyaha adag ayaa inta badan xira xirmooyinka valve:
- ** Single-Lever Dual Shutoff Valve (Watts Duo-Cloz / Symmons Laundry-Mate):** Hal kabaal ayaa u dhexeeya tuubooyinka qabow iyo kulul. Ka guurista kabaalkan ** ON oo la damiyo ** waxay xidhaa labada dekedood ee kulul iyo kuwa qabowba isku mar.
- ** Quarter-Ron Ball Valves:** Laba gacan qabasho oo yar-yar ayaa wareega 90 darajo si ay gacanku u fariisto ** qumman ** dunta tuubada.
- ** Tubooyinka Biyo-biyoodka Kala-duwan ee Hore (Globe Handle Handle):** U leexo dhanka saacadda si aad u xidhid. ** Digniin: ** Haddii giraangiraha birta ah ee wareegsan ay ku qoyan tahay daxalka macdanta oo uu diido inuu gacan ku rogo, ** ha saarin furaha tuubada dheer ee gacanta oo yaank miisaankiisu dhan yahay ***. Dhaqdhaqaaqa xad-dhaafka ah ayaa soo jiidaya jirida naxaasta ah ee gudaha sanduuqa derbiga dharka lagu dhaqo, taasoo abuuraysa buufin gidaarka dhexdiisa ah. Haddii tuubada dharka lagu dhaqdo ee badan-rogmato ay barafoobayso, xidh Main House Water Valve beddelkeeda; eeg waalka weyn ee xidhidhiyaha biyaha ayaa ku dhegan, daxalaystay taamka albaabka albaabka, iyo furaha joogsiga.
Dhacdada 2: Wareegga-wareegga socodka iyo tuubada jeexan ayaa go'an¶
Waa maxay sababta hore-u-qaadista iyo maydhayaasha waxtarka sare leh ay "ku socdaan" qolka¶
Waxtarka hore ee wax ku oolnimada sare leh ee hore-u-qaadista iyo mashiinnada sare-u-qaadista ayaa soo saara biyaha iyaga oo ku miiqaya dambiisha birta-gudaha ee 1,000 ilaa 1,600 RPM, taasoo dhalinaysa ciidamo centrifugal ah oo ka badan 300 ilaa 400 Gs. Marka shay keliya oo culus, oo biyaha nuugaya, sida suufka qubeyska ah, ilaaliyaha joodariga biyuhu, bac lagu seexdo, ama rar jiinis denim ah oo culus, uu kubad kor ugu qaado hal dhinac oo durbaanka ah, waxay abuurtaa miisaan wareeg ah oo ah 5 ilaa 10 kiiloogaraam (11 ilaa 22 rodol).
Caadi ahaan, xawaareyaasha elektarooniga ah waxay ogaadaan isku dheelitir la'aantan waxayna dib u dhigaan durbaanka si ay dib ugu qaybiyaan culeyska. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, saddex xaaladood ayaa sababa in mishiinka uu galo boodbood fal rabshad leh oo **ku lugeyso 30 ilaa 90 sentimitir (1 ilaa 3 cagood) oo ka fog darbiga ***:
- Duufiyeyaasha shoogga is jiid-jiidka ah ee guul-darraystay ama ilo-hakinta jabtay: Kuwa hore u qaada waxay ku dul fadhiyaan laba ilaa afar dambarrada is-daba-joogga ah ee saldhigga tuubada dibadda. Marka dampers-ku ay dhammaadaan, baloogyada miisaanka culus ee shubka ah ayaa ku dhegay tubbada oo ka soo horjeeda golaha xaashida birta ah ee kacaan kasta.
- ** Boolasha dhoofinta ee furnaysa weel cusub oo la rakibay:** Markab cusub oo horay u soo raray oo ka yimid warshada oo leh afar boolal bir ah oo dhexda ku xidhaya si adag xagga dambe. Haddii rakibayuhu illoobo inuu ka saaro afartaas boolal ee rarida gadaal ka hor inta uusan socodsiin culeyska koowaad, ka joojinta waa la xiray oo mashiinku wuxuu ka boodaa qolka dharka lagu dhaqo wareeggeedii ugu horreeyay.
- Sagxadaha foornada khafiifka ah iyo lugaha siman ee aan la hagaajin: Haddii mid ka mid ah cagtii hore ee caag hore laga maroojiyey ka gaaban ta kale, ama haddii quful-nut ka dhanka ah saldhigga golaha wasiiradu dabacsan yihiin, golaha wasiiradu waxay u ruxmaxaan si siman oo hore ayay u socdaan tile siman.
Maxaa dhacaya marka dhaqaha socodka uu soo jiido tubooyinka¶
Bacaha jiingadaha leh ** tuubada biyaha shubto** waxay ku xidhan tahay 10 ilaa 15 sentimitir (4 ilaa 6 inji) hoos gudaha tuubada taagan ee gidaarka toosan. Daqiiqada uu dhaqayuhu u socdo in ka badan 20 sentimitir (8 inji) hore:
- ** Marka hore, bulaacada bulaacada ayaa ka soo baxaysa tuubada gidaarka:** Bamka dheecaanka korantada ayaa soo daaya dhammaan 50-ilaa-80-litir (13-ilaa-21-gallon) waxa ku jira dhaqida oo ku mayr wareegyada si toos ah dabaqa qolka dharka lagu dhaqdo.
- Labaad, tuubooyinka sahayda kulul iyo qabowgu waxay gaadhaan xiisad buuxda: Haddii mashiinku sii wado inuu horay u sii hoobto ka dib marka tuubada dheecaanku soo baxdo, miisaanka mashiinka gariir 90-kilogram (200-rodol) wuxuu si toos ah u xiraa xirmooyinka tuubada naxaasta ah, ka soo jiidanaya sanduuqa tuubada PVC ama dillaaca tuubada sahayda cadaadisku saaran yahay ee valve solenoid dambe.
Jawaab degdeg ah oo ku saabsan socod-wareeg-wareeg ah¶
- ** Korontada ku jooji matoorka ka hor intaadan taaban golaha wasiirada:** Riix Korantada/hakis, soo jiid furka haddii shabka uu ka muuqdo mashiinka dushiisa, ama ku jiid dharka dharka lagu dhaqdo ee guddida.
- Isla markiiba dami tubooyinka biyaha kulul iyo kuwa qabowba: Xataa haddii aanay tuubooyinka sahaydu weli qarxin, in gariir hoostooda lagu kala fidiyaa waxay daciifisaa qallafsanaantooda waxayna dildillaaciyaan xadhkaha dambe ee caagga ah.
- Weligaa si toos ah ha u riixin weel culus derbiga adigoo hubin tuubooyinka gadaashiisa: Dib u riixida mishiinka 90-kilogram (200-rodol) si indho la'aan ah u burburiya tuubooyinka sahayda ama qanjaruufo tuubada bulaacada jiingado siman hoos cagaha heerka dambe.
Dhacdada 3: Ka daadi qulqulka qulqulka tubada taagan iyo dib u kabashada¶
Waa maxay sababta dhaqdhaqaajiyaasha casriga ahi ay u buux dhaafiyaan tuubooyinka bulaacada ee 38-milimitir (1.5-inch) ka weyn¶
Guryaha la dhisay ka hor dabayaaqadii 1990-meeyadii waxaa sida caadiga ah lagu dhejiyay 38-milimitir (1.5-inch) dhexroor bir ah, bir galvanized ah, ama tuubbooyinka dharka lagu dhaqdo ee PVC oo loogu talagalay dhaqdhaqaayada sare-u-qaadista ee da'da weyn ee soo daaya biyaha ** 25 illaa 30 litir daqiiqadii (7 ilaa 8 gallon daqiiqaddii)**.
Dhaqdhaqaaqyada waxtarka sare leh ee casriga ah waxay isticmaalaan bambooyin koronto ah oo ku qarxiya biyaha mashiinka 45 ilaa 65 litir daqiiqadii (12 ilaa 17 gallon daqiiqadii). Sababtoo ah dhogorta synthetic, tuwaalada microfiber-ka, timaha xayawaanka rabaayada ah, iyo saabuunta aan milmin ayaa jaakad ka sameysan gudaha gidaarada tuubada taagan iyo dabinkeeda P, tuubada xaddidan ma liqi karto 60 litir daqiiqadii. 10 ilbiriqsi gudahood marka wareegga biya-mareenku bilaabmayo, biyaha saabuunta leh ayaa gantaallada kor uga soo kacaya xagga sare ee tuubbada taagan.
Farqiga muhiimka ah ee u dhexeeya dhuumaha taagan ee furan iyo isku xidhka hawo-mareenka¶
Marka tuubada taagani buux dhaafto, dad badan oo guri leh ayaa qalad ku sameeya ** inay ku duubaan cajaladda tuubada ee dusha sare ee tuubada taagan** ama inay xidhaan caag adag oo ku wareegsan tuubada tuubada weelka si ay u xidhaan tuubada si aanay biyuhu u soo daadan. Weligaa ha ku xidhin tuubada tuubada mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqo si adag ugu xidh tuubada taagan:
- Waa maxay sababta farqiga hawadu uu u yahay qasab: Meesha banaan ee ku wareegsan jillaab-biyoodka qalooca ee tuubada-tarabuunka waxay u adeegtaa sida qasab ah ** jebinta hawada-siphon-ka-hortagga ***.
- Maxaa dhacaya haddii aad cajalad ku duubto ama xirto tuubada taagan:
- Inta lagu jiro wareegga biya-mareenka, bamka waayuhu wuxuu cadaadiyaa tuubbada qulqulka ee xiran, wasakhda afuufa ama biyaha cawl kor u kaca meesha hoose ee kuugu dhow (sida biyo-mareenka sagxada hoose, sagxada qubeyska, ama musqusha hoose); eeg kaydka dabinka dufanka, biyo-xumada biyaha cawlan, iyo daad dhuumaha dharka lagu dhaqdo.
- Waxaa ka sii daran, marka bamka waayuhu uu damo, tiirka biyaha ee gudaha tubada toosan ee xiran waxay abuurtaa ** siphon vacuum ** kaas oo nuugaya biyaha wasakhaysan, ama dhammaan biyaha raacida nadiifka ah inta lagu jiro wareegga soo socda ee buuxinta, si joogto ah uga soo baxa tuubada mashiinka dharka ilaa bullaacadaha.
Tallaabo-tallaabo u hagaaji qulqulka dhuumaha taagan¶
- **Ku dhufo hakad/kami makiinada isla markiiba aad maqasho biyo gurguuranaya xagga sare ee tuubada taagan
- ** Ka soo saar tuubada tuubada weelka qalooca ee tuubada gidaarka oo eeg qoto dheerkeeda:**
- Tuubada waa in aan lagu ridin wax ka badan 10 ilaa 15 sentimitir (4 ilaa 6 inji) hoos loogu rido tuubada taagan; haddii si qoto dheer loo riixo, caarada tuubada waxay ku dhacdaa hoosta P-dabin waxayna xannibaysaa socodka.
- Ku hubso hagaha tuubada U-qaabeeya ee balaastigga ah ee tubada biyaha si tuubbadu ay ugu sii jirto 12 sentimitir (5 inji) gudaha tuubada taagan iyadoo ay ku wareegsan tahay hawo bilaash ah.
- ** Ku nadiifi tuubbada taagan iyo P-dabin 6-milimitir (0.25-inch) ama 10-milimitir (0.375-inji) auger durbaan: ** Quudi fiilada birta dabacsan ee dabacsan tuubada taagan, iyada oo loo marayo U-qaloocida P-dabin, iyo ** 3 ilaa 5 mitir (10 ilaa 16 mitir) u jiid xariijinta laanta. eeg tuubooyinka waaweyn oo xirma iyo qulqulka.
- Rakiso sharabaadada silig-mesh lint sock haddii aad ku shubayso saxanka tamarta: Ku sibixitaanka dabinka mesh bir-la'aanta ah ee dahaadhka dhamaadka tuubada dheecaanka leh ee tuubada tamarta ayaa ka ilaalinaysa in uu galo biya-mareenka.
Muuqaalka 4: Daadin dabin qadaadiic hore ah oo ciriiri ah oo aan daadadka qolka la gelin¶
Qaladka dabin shaandhada hore-loader¶
Marka mashiinka hore ee dharka dhaqda uu diido inuu daadiyo oo muujiyo kood khalad ah (sida OE, 5E, nd, F21, ama E24) iyadoo albaabka galaasku xidhan yahay iyo 20 ilaa 40 litir (5 ilaa 10 gallon) oo biyo ah oo durbaanka ku qulqulaya, sababtu had iyo jeer waa ** rajabeeto hoosta hoose, sharaabaad ilmaha, qadaadiic, ama biro** lagu dhex dahaadhay ** filter bamka dareeraha (dabin qadaadiic)** gadaashiisa albaabka yar ee cidhifka hore ee mishiinka.
Haddii aad si fudud u furto albaabka gelitaanka hoose oo aad furto buro shaandhaynta caaga ah ee wareegsan, ** litir kasta oo biyo ah oo dhex fadhiya tubbada waxay ka soo burqan doonaan daloolkaas 60-milimitir ah (2.4-inch) dabaqaaga ah dhererka canqowga **, halkaas oo aadan ku dhejin karin baaldi hoostiisa.
Sida si badbaado leh loo daadiyo makiinada hore ee rarka ka hor inta aan la furin dabinka qadaadiicda¶
Raac nidaamkan saddex-tallaabo ee dheecaanka-qaadista ee la xakameeyey:
- ** Ka saar mishiinka dharka ama dami furaha wareegga.**
- ** Fur fur furka adeega hore ee hoose oo hel tuubada biyo-mareenka degdega ah ee madow:**
- Ku xiga daboolka shaandhada weyn ee leexashada, badiyaa dhaqdhaqaajiyaasha hore waxay leeyihiin 10-milimitir (0.4-inji) tuubada caagga madow lagu gooyay guriga oo lagu xidho caag yar oo caarada ah.
- Dhig shukumaan laalaaban hoosta cidhifka hore ee makiinada oo dhig ** xaashida dubista gacmeed ama digsi duban *** si toos ah dhulka.
- Ka fur tuubada caagga ah ee madow ee khafiifka ah, caarada ku qabo digsiga gacmeedka, oo ** soo saar balaastiga yar ee caagga ah ***.
- U ogolow digsiga inuu ku buuxiyo 2 ilaa 3 litir (0.5 ilaa 0.8 gallon) oo biyo ah, balaastigga dib ugu riix caarada tuubada si aad u hakiso socodka, digsiga ku rid baaldi ama saxan, oo ku celi ilaa dhammaan biyaha taagan ee durbaanka ku jira ay ka dareeraan.
- Kawaran haddi nooca dhaqidaagu uusan lahayn tuubo yar oo tudud ah oo ku xigta furka shaandhada?
- ** Waligaa ha furin furka weyn ee tubbada oo buuxa. Cufisjiidku wuxuu tuubada oo dhan ku shubi doonaa baaldiga laba daqiiqo gudahood.
- Kaliya ka dib marka uu durbaanka madhan yahay waa in aad si tartiib tartiib ah u rogrogtaa shaandhada shaandhada hore ee qadaadiicda-dabin-saac ka hor shukumaan si aad uga saarto sharabaadada ama qadaadiicda cidhiidhiga ah.
Warning
Haddii mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqo uu ku shaqeynayo ** Fayadhowr ama 60-to-90-degree-Celsius (140-ilaa-195-degree-Fahrenheit) wareegga dhaqidda kulul** marka bamka biya-baxa uu xumaado, taabo albaabka muraayadda ka hor inta aadan daadin tuubada degdegga ah. Haddii galaasku kulul yahay, sug ** ugu yaraan 60 daqiiqo** si ay biyaha u xayiran u qaboojiyaan; jiidista furaha mareenka degdega ah iyadoo tubbada ay ka buuxaan biyo kulul waxay sababtaa gubasho daran gacmahaaga iyo cududahaaga.
Qalajinta qaab dhismeedka 24 saacadood gudahood: badbaadinta sagxadaha hoose iyo saqafka¶
Waa maxay sababta daadadka qolka dharka lagu dhaqdo ay sababaan qudhunka qaabdhismeedka qarsoon¶
Dabaqa weyn ama dabaqa labaad ee dharka lagu dhaqdo ayaa caadi ahaan laga dhisay ** looxa strand board (OSB) ama sagxada sagxadda sagxadda ah** oo ay ku korsan yihiin foorno ama looxa vinyl, oo leh godadka saqafka dahaaran ee tooska ah hoostiisa. Marka daadadku ay daboolaan qolka dharka lagu dhaqdo, waxay hoos maraan sabuuradaha hoose, waxay ku soo daadanayaan farqiga aan la daboolin ee ku wareegsan tuubooyinka tuubooyinka, waxay buuxiyaan dabaqa hoose ee OSB, iyo barkadaha dusha sare ee saqafka qallalan ee qolka hoose. ** 24 ilaa 48 saacadood gudahood, OSB qoyan ayaa barara tolayaasha iyo caaryada kudka ayaa ka soo baxa godadka gidaarka; eeg caaryada ka dib dhaawaca biyaha.
Tallaabo-tallaabo 24-saac ah liiska hubinta ee hagaajinta daadka¶
- ** Biyo badan ku soo saar faakuum qoyan/qalalan dukaan (Saacadaha 0 ilaa 2):** Ka saar shaandhada qallalan ee xaashida faaruqinta dukaankaaga oo faakiyum barx kasta oo dhulka ah, gudaha digsiga dharka lagu dhaqdo, iyo cidhifyada rooga dariiqa.
- Ka soo saar mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqo iyo qalajiyaha derbiga (kadib marka la gooyo gaaska iyo korontada): Biyuhu waxay ku hoos xayiran yihiin cagaha caagga ah iyo digsiyada saldhigga birta ee qalabka. Haddii aad haysato gaska dharka qalajiyaha, dami gaaska jaalaha ah ee kubbadda qalajiyaha ka dambeeya ka hor intaadan si tartiib ah horay ugu sii sixin si aadan u dillaacin isku xirka gaaska aan-birta lahayn; eeg gaas ka daadanaya.
- ** Ka saar sabuuradaha hoose oo daldaloolada oohinta ka saar saxanka hoose:** Ka soo saar alwaax ama sabuuradaha MDF ee derbiyada daadku qaaday adigoo isticmaalaya bir siman iyo mindi tas-hiilaad. Soo jiidashada sabuuradaha salku waxay daaha ka qaadaysaa farqiga 12-milimitir (0.5-inji) ee xagga hoose ee gidaarka qallalan si hawadu ugu wareegto gidaarka.
- ** Soo saar "biyaha aan biyaha lahayn" ee looxa vinyl plank (LVP) ama sagxadda sagxadda leh:** Dabaqaha looxa vinyl-ka ee sabbaynaya laf ahaantiisu waa biyuhu, laakin kala-goysyadu biyuhu ma adkaysan karaan. Biyaha daadku waxay hoos maraan looxaan vinyl ah oo sabeynaya waxayna ku xayiran yihiin sagxada hoose ee alwaax sababtoo ah vinylku wuxuu xannibaa uumiga. Riix oo rari looxyada qoyan si dabaqa hoose uu u engego.
- ** Si joogto ah u wad dhaqaajiyaasha dhexe ee xawaarahoodu sarreeyo iyo qaboojiyaha qaboojiyaha si joogto ah 72 saacadood:** Daaqadaha xidh, dhig heerkulka qolka 21 ilaa 26 darajo Celsius (70 ilaa 78 darajo Fahrenheit), oo ujeedo taageereyaasha xawaaraha sare ee sabuuradaha hoose iyo sagxada hoose halka uu qoyaanka hawada ka soo bixinayo5 boqolleyda *** ku dul mitirka qoyaanka.
Tip
Kahortagga daadadka mustaqbalka iyadoo lagu beddelayo tuubooyinka caagga ah 5-tii sanaba mar ** tidcan 304 tuubooyinka dillaaca-birta-aan-soo-baxa ah, oo ay ku rakiban yihiin furayaasha-hubinta daad-ku-haynta**, gelinaya weelka gudaha ** birta tuman ama digsiga tuubbada PVC**, iyo rakibidda ** dareeraha dareeraha biyaha ee baytari ku shaqeeya** ee dabaqa mashiinka gadaashiisa.
Lambarada degdega ah ee gobolka iyo borotokoolka wakaalada¶
Daadka mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqo marar dhif ah ayuu u baahan yahay soo dirid degdeg ah ilaa **biyuhu soo galeen guddi koronto-jabiya, oo la quusiyo fiilooyinka korantada sare leh, ay sababaan in saqafka dumay qof degganaa, ama dillaacaan khadka qalajiyaha gaaska ***. Xaaladahaas nafta-badbaadada ah, wac lambarka degdegga ah ee degaankaaga isla markaaba. Eeg nambarada degdega ah.
| Dalka / Gobolka | Lambarka Degdegga ah | Tuubooyinka & Heerarka Waxyeelada Biyaha | Utility & Caymiska Xaaladda Degdegga ah |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mareykanka & Kanada | 911 (badbaadada nolosha) / 311 (Biyaha dowladda hoose oo la xiray) | Xeerarka Tuubooyinka IPC / UPC (ASME A112.18.6 heerka isku xirka tidcan; 50-mm tuubbada taagan ee ugu yar); Heerka IICRC S500 | Wac adeegga biyaha ee degmada haddii uu guriga weyni kaa dhaco; dukumeenti dilaacday tuubada isku xidhaysa sawiro oo ilaali tuubada fashilantay ee sheegashada caymiska |
| United Kingdom | 999***112 | Shuruucda Biyaha Bixinta (Qalabyada Biyaha) 1999; WRAS Shirarka Tuubbada ee La Ansixiyay; BS 8558 | Demi digsiga joogsiga gudaha (sida caadiga ah weelka jikada hoostiisa); la xidhiidh qandaraaslaha soo celinta qalajinta degdega ah ee 24-saac ceymiska |
| Midowga Yurub | 112 | TS EN 61770 (qalabka korantada ee ku xiran marinka biyaha); heerka qaran ee DIN 1988 / NF DTU 60.11 | Apartment xidho ama guriga weyn ee biyaha xidha; Dhaqaale badan oo EU ka mid ah waxaa ku jira warshad ** AquaStop *** tuubooyinka daminta korantada ee labajibaaran |
| Australia & New Zealand | 000 (AU) / 111 (NZ) | AS/NZS 3500.1 & 3500.2 (Plumbing and Drainage Code); Shahaadada WaterMark; IICRC S500 | Ku go'doomi biyaha ee mitirka xuduudka tuubada joogsiga ee barxadda hore; isla markiiba ogeysii maareeyaha strata haddii aad ku jirto guri dabaq ah oo dhowr dabaq ah |
| Hindiya & Aasiya-Baasifik | 112 (Hindiya) / 995 (Singapore) / 119 (Japan) | Xeerarka Adeegga Biyaha ee PUB Singapore; BIS 9763; Japan JIS B 2061 | Xir waalka guriga kor u kaca ama saqafka sare ee taangiga albaabka albaabka; go'doominta hadhaaga wareegga hadda jira (RCCB) ee guddiga |
Su'aalaha soo noqnoqda¶
Waa maxay sababta tuubada mashiinka dhar-dhaqashadayda ay u qaraxday saqdhexe markii mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqdo uusan shaqeyneynin?¶
Ilaa aad gacanta ku demiso qasabadaha biyaha kulul iyo qabow ee gidaarka dambe ee mashiinka dharkaaga kadib, caag dabacsan ama tuubooyinka sahayda ee tidcan ayaa ku hoos jira cadaadis buuxa oo ah 24/7 ee biyaha dariiqa dawlada hoose (sida caadiga ah 3.5 ilaa 5.5 bar, ama 50 ilaa 80 psi) ilaa iyo ilaa galka waalka solenoid ee korantada gudaha gadaasha dambe. Cadaadiska biyaha ee dawladda hoose ayaa kor u kaca ugu sarreeya inta u dhaxaysa 1:00 subaxnimo iyo 4:00 subaxnimo sababtoo ah qofna xaafadda kama socdo qubayska, rusheeyayaasha, ama qasabadaha si loo yareeyo cadaadiska khadka. Cadaadiskaas habeenkii oo dhan, ku shaqaynta tuubada daciifisay sanadaha solenoid-ka degdega ah ee "dubbada biyaha", waxay sababtaa gidaarka caagga ah inuu furmo iyadoo qof kastaa hurdo.
Tuubooyinka mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqo ee birta ah ee tidcan ma yihiin kuwo aan qarxin, mise weli waxay u baahan yihiin in la beddelo?¶
Tuubooyinka mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqo ee birta ah ee tidcan aad bay uga ammaan badan yihiin tuubooyinka caagga ah ee EPDM ee madow sababtoo ah shafka dibadda ee birta tolan waxay ka hortagtaa tuubada polymer gudaha inay dibadda u soo baxdo oo ay dillaacdo cadaadiska cadaadiska. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tuubooyinka birta tidcan waa in weli la baaraa sannadkii oo la beddelaa 5 ilaa 8 sano kasta. Tidcanka birta gudihiisa waxa ku jira tuubo gudaha ah oo PVC ah, PEX, ama EPDM oo dhuuban oo ku dheggan lowska naxaasta ka samaysan ee nikkel; Muddo ka dib, biyaha koloriin leh waxay hoos u dhigaan xadhkaha gudaha, daxalka ama adkaynta xayndaabka lawska naxaasta ah, ama kiin fiiqan oo ka dambeeya mashiinka dhaqda ee dhabarka lagu riixo ayaa dalooliya tuubada gudaha.
Haddi ay biyuhu ka soo qulqulayaan tuubada tuubada gidaarka, maxaan u diidaya inaan ku xidho farqiga u dhexeeya tuubada dhaqida sharooto ama caag?¶
Meesha bannaan ee u dhaxaysa tuubada dareeraha mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqo ee qalloocan iyo cirifka sare ee 38-ilaa-50-millimitir (1.5-ilaa-2-inji) tuubbada taagan ee gidaarka taagan ayaa ah jebinta hawada qasabka ah. Haddii aad cajalad ku dhejiso ama aad ku xidho farqiga hawada u adkaysta si ay u joojiso tuubbooyinka taagan ee xidhmay inay ku soo qulqulaan sagxada dharka lagu dhaqdo, laba shay ayaa dhacaya: marka hore, bamka korontada ku shaqeeya ee waayuhu wuxuu cadaadiyaa khadka bulaacada ee xiran oo ku qasbo biyaha wasakhda ah ama wasakhda inay ka soo baxaan qulqulka hoose ee kuugu dhow (sida qubeyska ama musqusha); Midda labaad, isla marka dhaqidhadu joojiyo bamgareynta, biyaha soo dhacaya ee tuubada xiran waxay abuuraan siphon vacuum ah kaas oo nuugaya biyaha wasakhaysan oo dib ugu noqda dharkaaga nadiifka ah ama siphonnada nadiifka ah si toos ah ugu buuxi bulaacada.
Makiinada dharka dhaqda ee horay u rartay ayaa joogsatay wareegga dhexe oo ay biyo ka buuxaan, albaabkuna ma furi doono; sidee baan dharkayga uga soo baxaa anigoon qolka daadin?¶
Mashiinnada hore ee hore u soo qaada ayaa albaabka weyn ku haya si koronto ah mar kasta oo dareemaha heerka biyuhu ogaado biyaha taagan ee ka sarreeya faruuryaha gaaska albaabka hoose. Weligaa ha ku daabicin albaabka qufulan furaha furaha. Bedelkeeda, ka fur fur dhaqaha, fur fur furka leydi-xagalka ah ee cidhifka hore ee mishiinka, oo ka bixi tuubada caagga madow ee khafiifka ah ee tuubada caagga ah ee ku ag taal daboolka shaandhada wareegga wareegga. Ku qabo tuubada dhuuban digsiga dubista ama saxaarad dubista, soo bixi caaggeeda yar, oo daadi durbaanka hal mar mar ilaa faaruq; mar haddii heerka biyuhu hoos u dhaco, fur shaandhada qadaadiicda-dabinnada wareega ah si aad uga saarto sharabaadada ama lacagta qadaadiicda ah, ka bacdina dib u dami mishiinka si uu qufulka albaabku u furmo.
Sideen uga joojin karaa mishiinka dharka dhaqda ee hore u gariiraya oo "ku socdo" sagxadda sagxadda ama sagxadda alwaax inta lagu jiro wareegga wareegga?¶
Marka hore, hubi dhabarka mishiinka haddii dhawaan lagu rakibay si aad u xaqiijiso in dhammaan afartii xargo ee warshadaynta birta laga saaray. Marka labaad, dhig heerka xumbo ee dusha sare ee golaha waaskada, hagaaji afarta cagood ee siman ee fidsan ilaa mishiinku u fadhiisto heerka iyo sida hoose ee sagxada inta suurtogalka ah, oo adkee qufulka birta ah ee si adag xagga hoose ee golaha wasiirada adoo isticmaalaya fur furan si caguhu aanay u gariirin si dabacsan. Seddexaad, ku nadiifi sagxadaha cagaha caagga ah iyo sagxada foornada aalkolo si aad uga saarto filimka saabuunta. Haddii mishiinka la simay uu weli si xoog leh u garaaco inta lagu guda jiro wareegtada, mid ka mid ah mashiinnada shoogga ah ee ka joojinta gudaha ama ilaha tuubada ayaa fashilmay waana in la beddelaa.
Hagahan waxa uu bixiyaa daminta biyaha, badbaadada korantada, iyo hababka yaraynta daadka ee cilladaha mashiinka dharka. Had iyo jeer ka saar korantada korantada weyn ee wareegga wareegga ka hor intaadan gelin biyaha taagan ama qaybaha qalabka.
Tilmaamaha la xidhiidha¶
- Makiinada weelka iyo tuubada mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqo oo dillaacay iyo daad kushiinka
- Badbaadinta dabinka dufanka, biyo-xumada biyaha cawlan, iyo daad dhuumaha dharka lagu dhaqdo
- Waalka weyn ee xidhitaanka biyaha ayaa xayiran, daxalaystay taamka albaabka albaabka, iyo furaha joogsiga
- Saqafka oo dumay, gidaar-engegan oo biyuhu gooyeen, iyo khatarta soo degista balastarrada
- Caar ka dib dhaawaca biyaha
Ilaha iyo hanuuninta rasmiga ah¶
- Machadka Caymiska ee Ganacsiga & Badbaadada Guriga (IBHS, Mareykanka): Ka Hortagga Khasaaraha Biyaha ee Makiinada Dharka
- Machadka Kormeerka, Nadiifinta iyo Shahaadaynta Soo Celinta (IICRC, International): ANSI/IICRC S500 Heerka Soo Celinta Burburka Biyaha
- Ururka Caalamiga ah ee Saraakiisha Tuubooyinka iyo Makaanikada (IAPMO) & Golaha Xeerarka Caalamiga ah (ICC, Mareykanka): Uniform Code Plumbing Code (UPC) & Code International Plumbing Code (IPC) Shuruudaha Tuubbada Joogta ah
- Guddiga Badbaadada Alaabada Macmiilka ee Maraykanka (CPSC, United States) & Ururka Soosaarayaasha Qalabka Guriga (AHAM): * Dejinta iyo Badbaadada Wareegga Wareegga Mashiinka
- Wakaaladda Maareynta Degdegga ah ee Federaalka (FEMA, Mareykanka) & Wakaaladda Ilaalinta Deegaanka ee Mareykanka (EPA): Hagaha Kooban ee Caaryada, Qoyaanka, iyo Gurigaaga (EPA 402-K-02-003)