Jiirka dhintay, Jiirka, ama Dabagaale qudhuntay gudaha godka gidaarka ama Dhuumaha HVAC: Helitaanka urta cadaverine iyo soo saarista enzymatic¶

Marka jiirka, jiirka, dabagaalle, ama opossum ay ku dhintaan gudaha gidaarka qallalan ee kuxiran, saqafka saqafka, ama marinka hawada ee HVAC, bakteeriyadu waxay bilaabataa 24 ilaa 48 saacadood gudahood waxayna sii daysaa urta macaan, baaruud-iyo-qashin ka kooban cadaeverine, methyldecin, methyldecin Sababtoo ah mulkiilayaasha gurigu waxay inta badan dejiyaan xirmooyinka xinjirowga lidka ku ah ee jiirkawhich cause poisoned rodents to retreat into dark wall voids near warm plumbing pipes before dying) ama xidho daloolada dibadda laga soo galo inta neefku ku dhex xayiran yahay, bakhtiga qudhuntay wuxuu ka dhigi karaa dabaqa mid aan noolaan karin 2 ilaa 6 toddobaad isagoo soo jiidanaya boqolaal bir-cagaaran ** afuufaya (Calliphoridae** iyo ** dukhsiga hilibkaSarcophagidae)** iyo ku qasbida dhididka, caarada, iyo shilinta inay ka tagaan martida qaboojinta oo ay ka gurguurtaan meelaha korontada Haddii urta xayawaanka dhintay ay ka soo baxayso darbiga, sabuuradaha, ama diiwaanka foornada, dib u eeg annaga Nadiifinta hantavirus jiirka iyo hagaha saqafka sare ee khatarta noolaha, annaga boodada, shilinta, ama caarada shimbiraha oo ka soo fatahay hagaha buulka, iyo annaga gaaska bulaacada dhulka hoostiisa iyo hagaha urta P-dabin engegan, oo deegaankaaga ilaali nambarada degdega ah diyaar u ah haddii qof uu yeesho qandho sare, murqo xanuun, ama neefta oo ku dhegta ka dib alaabta buulka jiirka ee dhibaya.

Weligaa ha ku daadin bac balaastiig ah hawo-mareenada hana ku buufin hawo cadar culus leh marinka foornada adigoo rajaynaya inaad qariso neef dhintay. Buufisyada cadarka waxay ku daraan dimethyl trisulfide si ay u abuuraan ur kiimiko ah oo xitaa lalabo, iyadoo jir ahaan la helayo lagana soo saarayo bakhtiga iyada oo la gooyo gelitaanka gidaarka engegan ee 10-cm (4-inch) nadiif ah waxay meesha ka saaraysaa 95 boqolkiiba isha urta 30 daqiiqo gudahood.

Hadda samee tan¶

1. ** Meesha ka saar gaaska dabiiciga ah ee soo daadanaya, bullaacadaha bullaacadaha P-trap failure, ama kuleyl ka badan marka horethe 3 dangerous dead-animal odor mimics.** Labada utility mercaptan ()added to natural gas and propane* iyo ** gubanaya xarumaha korontada ee Bakelite phenolic (which smell like rotting fish or dead mice*** waxaa si joogta ah loogu qaldamaa jiir dhintay oo gidaarka gudihiisa ku jira. Dareen beddelaad kasta oo gidaar ah iyo dabool daboolaya gidaarka ur leh ee gacantaada dambe ku haysa: haddii meel ka mid ahi ay kulushahay ama buuqayso, isla markaaba rogo wareegtadeeda Dami. Haddii urta u urayso sida gaas fiiqan oo u dhow tuubada gaaska, ka bax oo wac utility ama nambarkaaga xaaladaha degdegga ah.
2. ** Xidh foornadaada dhexe ama marawaxadiyaha hawo qaboojiyaha haddii urta ay ka soo baxayso diiwaanka saadka HVAC Ka leexi goobta marawaxada heerkulbeegga ON ku AUTO (or turn the HVAC system OFF while you inspect the return air boots and filter slot), oo u fur daaqadaha dhinacyada iska soo horjeeda ee qolka si ay hawo-mareeno uga gudbaan.
3. Tilmaan 400-millimitir (16-inch) saxan gidaarka ka hor inta aanad jarin derbi kasta oo qallalan adigoo isticmaalaya habka saddex-geesoodka ah ee 4-geesoodka ah (Nose Sniffing at Outlets, Blowfly Clustering, Moisture Meter / Thermal Camera, and USB Borescope. Ka fur taarikada daboolka caagga ah ee ku yaal meelaha korontada ku shaqeeya, jaakadaha coax, iyo sabuuradda gunta ee gidaarka tuhmanaha (keeping the breaker offoo si toos ah u uriso farqiga u dhexeeya sanduuqa korantada: sababtoo ah gidaarada derbiyada ayaa la xidhay qiiqa toosan400 mm / 16 in wide by 2.4 m / 8 ft tall), Meesha quraaradda ah ee uu ku jiro bakhtigu waxay urayaan 10 jeer ka xoog badan sanduuqa korantada ama sabuuradda salkeeda marka loo eego gariga ku xiga.
4. ** Xidho N95 (ama P100) neef-siiye qayb ah, ilaalinta indhaha, iyo galoofyada nitrile-ka ee la tuuri karo KA HOR inta aanad furin daloolka derbiga ama marinka. Sida laga soo xigtay ** U.S. Xarumaha Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada (CDC), jiirka duurjoogta ah iyo agabkooda buulkooda waxay wataan Hantavirus Pulmonary SyndromeHPS, ** Leptospirosis, Salmonella, iyo Lymphocytic ChoriomeningitisLCMV), iyadoo la qaboojinayo bakhtigu waxay daadiyaan gaajo boodh, ** caarada jiirka**, iyo ** shilinta**.
5. ** Ku buufi bakhtiga iyo hareeraha 30 senti mitir (12 inji) ee qaabaynta iyo dahaarka si fiican u leh 1:10 xal warankiilo qoys (or commercial EPA-registered disinfectant plus pyrethrin insecticide mist) oo ha qoyso 10 daqiiqo ka hor inta aanad qaadinfleas and mites) markaad la xiriirto si aysan ugu boodin gacmahaaga marka la soo saarayo.
6. Ka soo saar bakhtiga adigoo isticmaalaya suumanka la tuuri karo ama bac culus oo rogan, laba-bac dhammaan dahaarka qooyay, oo ku dawee saxanka xaarka alwaax dheef-shiid kiimikaad-bio-enzymatic ah (plus activated carbon bags) Bac culus oo zip-top bac ah u rog gacantaada gacmo-gacmeedka, soo qabo bakhtiga iyo dahaarka fiberglass kasta oo buuxa, bacda dhinaca midig u soo jiid alaabta, ku xidh gudaha bac labaad, oo ku rid weelka qashinka dibadda ah. Ku buufi saxanka hoose ee alwaax ee wasakhaysan (sole plate) gudaha gidaarka oo leh protease/lipase bio-enzymatic ur dheefshiidka (or chlorine dioxide solution) oo uga tag boorso ** dhuxul firfircoon *** ama ** zeolite** gudaha godka ka hor inta aadan xirin balastarka.

Geedka go'aanka: Helitaanka iyo ka saarida xayawaan dhintay gudaha gidaarka, saqafka, ama marinka HVAC¶

Isticmaal geedkan go'aanka ah si aad u xaqiijiso in urku yahay bakhti bakhtiya, tilmaan godka gidaarka saxda ah ama kabaha tuubada, oo go'aanso in meesha laga saaro ama laga takhaluso.

flowchart TD
    Start["ur xun xun (Qashin-macaan-macaan ama ur caraf udgoon) qolka dhexdiisa ama ka imanaya hawo-mareenada"] --> RuleOut["TALLAABADA 1 (XUKUN KA SAREEYA AMAANKA NOLOSHA): 1. Dareen dhammaan meelaha gidaarka laga soo galo iyo daarannada kuleylka ama kalluunka gubanaya urta caagga ah."]

    RuleOut --> WhereSmell{"1. Aaway urta xayawaanka dhintay?"}

    WhereSmell -->|"Ka qarxinta Dabaqa HVAC ama sahayda darbiga ama soo celinta diiwaaniyeyaasha"| CheckDuct["HVAC DUCTWORK AMA SOO NOQOSHADA: 1. Ka dami marawaxadaha HVAC ee heerkulbeegga 2. Ka saar shaandhada diiwangelinta sagxada iyo shaandhada foornada"]

    WhereSmell -->|"Ka soo ifbaxa gidaarka gudaha ama dibadda ee gidaarka qallalan, sabuuradda, ama saqafka"| Triangulate["Tijaabada daloolka derbiga AMA Saqafka: 1. Ka dami wareegga wareegga derbigaas 2. Ka saar meesha bannaan oo beddel saxanka wejiga oo ur santuuqa kasta"]

    CheckDuct --> Reachable{"2. Miyaad ku arki kartaa ama ku gaadhi kartaa bakhtiga adigoo isticmaalaya boot hawo leh, saqafka hoose ee saqafka, ama gooyn yar oo gidaar qallalan?"}
    Triangulate --> Reachable

    Reachable -->|"HAA: Waxay ku taal meel gaar ah oo kabo ah Stud Bay ama Bootka tuubada"| CutAndPull["SOO SAARINTA JIRKA (Waxay tirtirtaa 95% Urka 30 daqiiqo): 1. Xidho maaskaro N95, muraayadaha indhaha, iyo galoofyada nitrile-ka 4. Ceeryaamo leh 1:10 warankiilo iyo sunta cayayaanka, sug 10 min, bakhti laba-laab ah iyo dahaar qooyay, oo ku buufin alwaax leh dheef-shiid kiimikaad-bio-enzymatic"]

    Reachable -->|"MAYA: Lagu Aasan Yahay Gadaasha Qubeyska Tile, Dabaqadda La taaban karo, ama Dabaqadda Hoose ee Aan La Geli karin"| InPlace["KAYDKA MEESHA KU JIRA: 1. Ku dalooli 6 mm (1/4 in) godad duritaan 2. Ku dur dheefshiidka bio-enzymatic iyo koloriin dioxide (ClO2) baakadaha uumiga godka 3. Ku xidh dildilaaca sabuuradaha iyada oo ay ku dhejinayso rinjiye oo socodsii HEPA Kaarboon Hawo leh"]

Kiimikada iyo wakhtiga burburka: Sida loo sheego waxa dhintay iyo inta maalmood ee hadhay¶

Fahamka sida cufnaanta jirku u sheegayso muddada urta waxay kuu sheegaysaa isla markaaba haddii aad la tacaalayso a 20-gram jiirka guriga oo ku qallali doona 7 maalmood ama a 600-gram dabagaalle ama 4-kilogram raccoon oo qudhmi doona 6 toddobaad haddii aan laga saarin:

Waa maxay sababta loo xidho sabuuradaha salku hawo-mareen * Iyadoon* la saarin bakhti weyni dib ayay u soo noqon kartaa¶

1. ** Gaaska Oo Ku Faafiya Gypsum Aan La Rijinayn:** Aan rinji lahayn 13-millimeter (1/2-inch) gidaarka qallalan ee gypsum gudaha armaajooyinka ama sabuuradaha gadaashiisa waa mid ay mari karaan unugyo baaruud yar oo kacsan (methanethiol iyo hydrogen sulfide).
2. Qoyaanka dabinku wuxuu dheereeyaa soo-jiidashada: Jiirka dhintay wuxuu joojiyaa urinta kaliya marka unugyadiisu ay qallalaan (dry out into a hard mummy*** sidaas darteed bakteeriyada anaerobic ma sii deyn karto. Xiritaanka gidaarka qoyan ee hawo-mareenka waxay hoos u dhigtaa uumi-baxa, waxay fidisaa wareegga qallajinta 10-maalmood ilaa 4 toddobaad.
3. Xeerka hawo-qaadista ka dib: Had iyo jeer hel oo jidh ahaan ka saar wixii bakhti ah ee ka weyn jiirka (or any mouse you can reach via a small baseboard cut behind a sofa). Haddii jiir yar aan la gaari karin gadaasha armaajooyinka jikada ama foornada musqusha, xir ** dhinaca nolosha-baseboards and outlet gaskets)** markaad qodayso dalool yar oo hawo-mareen ah oo ka imanaya ** sagxadda hoose ee aan shuruudda lahayn ama dhinaca saqafka sare leh ** oo ay ku jiraan ** granules kaarboon firfircoon ** si qoyaanku uga fogaado meelaha la deggan yahay.

Tallaabo-tallaabo: Sida loo tilmaamo barta saxda ah ee 5-centimeter (2-inch) ee gudaha gidaarka adoon qiyaasin¶

Ku dhawaad boqolkiiba 90 jiirka ku dhinta gidaarka gudihiisa waxay ku jiifaan mid ka mid ah laba baro sax ah oo anatomical : - ** Barta A (80% kiisaska): Ku fadhida midig xagga sare ee gunta alwaax 38 x 89 mm (2x4) saxan keli ah (the bottom 5 to 10 centimeters / 2 to 4 inches of the wall right behind the wooden baseboard trim, halkaasoo xayawaanku ku gurguurtay silig/ dalool tuubo ama uu ka soo dhacay saqafka sare ee u dhexeeya xaashida derbiga engegan. - ** Barta B (15% kiisaska): Ku fadhida korka xannibaadda dab-damiska ee dhexda toosan (noggin), madaxa daaqada, ama sanduuqa korontada35 centimeters / 14 inches off the floor).

WHERE RODENTS DIE INSIDE A WALL CAVITY AND HOW TO CUT A 45-DEGREE BEVELED PATCH:

   [Attic Top Plate] ===(Hole Around Plumbing Pipe / Romex Wire)===
        ||                                              ||
        ||  <-- (Squirrel or Rat Falls Down Stud Bay    ||
        ||       Between Smooth Drywall Sheets)         ||
        ||                                              ||
        ||       +------------------------------+       ||
        ||       | Cut 10x10 cm (4x4 in) Patch  |       ||
        ||       | at 45-DEGREE INWARD BEVEL    |       ||
        ||       | (So Plug Cannot Push Through)|       ||
        ||       +------------------------------+       ||
        ||       [ *** CARCASS RESTS HERE *** ]         ||
   [Bottom Wood 2x4 Sole Plate (5 cm / 2 in Above Floor)]
   ================================================================

Talaabada 1: Sanduuqa Korontada iyo Tijaabada Sniff Sniff (Isolates the Exact 400 mm / 16-Inch Stud Bay)¶

1. Ka dami furaha wareegga ee meelaha laga soo galo gidaarka laga shakisan yahay oo ka fur taarikada daboolka caagga ah ee ka soo baxa meel kasta oo koronto ah, furaha nalka, iyo jaakadda fiilada ee labada dhinac ee derbiga.
2. Qaado saddex neefsasho oo hawo cusub ah dibadda (or sniff clean cotton fabric / coffee grounds for 10 seconds to reset olfactory fatigue), dabadeed sanka saar 1 centimeter (0.5 inch) laga bilaabo farqiga u dhexeeya sanduuqa korantada iyo gidaarka qallalan ee meel kasta (and around plumbing pipe escutcheons). Gacanka galka ah ee uu ku jiro jiirka dhintay ayaa sankaaga ku dhufan doona tubo badan oo gaasta cadverine ah.

Talaabada 2: Raac Dufcadaha oo Hubi Saxeexa Kulaylka/Qoyaanka¶

1. ** Daawo Halka ay Duqsiyadu ku socdaan (Not Where They Fly):** Duqsigu qaan-gaadhka ahi wuxuu u duulaa dhinaca daaqadaha qoraxda leh, taasoo aan muujinayn meesha bakhtigu yaallo. Taa baddalkeeda, raadi **flixo cusub oo soo baxay oo gurguuranaya oo ka soo gurguuranaya qayb gaar ah oo ka mid ah jaranjarada saqafka hoose, cidhifka rooga, ama giraanta iftiinka saqafka ee dib loo furay **, ama raadi koofiyadaha yaryar ee buniga ah ee ku teedsan xariijimaha roogaga.
2. ** Ku sawir gunta 15 sentimitir (6 inji) ee gidaarka adigoo isticmaalaya mitirka qoyaanka aan biin lahayn ama kamarada kulaylka ee taleefanka casriga ah (FLIR:** 2da ilaa 6da maalmood ee ugu horeeya dhimashada kadib, bakteeriyada qallafsan ee bakteeriyadu soo baxdo iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa dirxiga ee gudaha jiirka ama bakhtiga dabagaalaha (plus pooling body fluids soaking into the back paper of the drywall) samee meel ku kooban 1 to 3 degree Celsius (2 to 5 degree Fahrenheit) meel diiran ku taal kamarada infrared iyo 5 to 15 percent higher moisture reading dul saaran mitir qoyaan aan pin lahayn oo toos ah oo ka sarreeya saxanka sill alwaax ee hoose.

Talaabada 3: Ku xaqiiji Borescope USB Smartphone (Endoscope Camera) Iyadoo loo marayo 8-Millimeter (5/16-Inch) Dalool¶

1. Cabbir ** 10 sentimitir (4 inji) oo ka koraya dabaqa *** (just above the 38-millimeter / 1.5-inch thick wooden bottom sole plate) dhexda tuhunka gacanka.
2. Riix hal kaliya **8- to 10-millimeter (5/16- to 3/8-inch) godka *** dhexda 13-millimeter (1/2-inch) gidaarka qallalan ee gypsum kaliyawrap tape on your drill bit 16 millimeters / 5/8 inch from the tip as a depth stop so you cannot hit electrical wires or PEX pipes).
3. Geli ** kamarad borescope LED ah oo dabacsan ** godka gal oo ka eeg bidix iyo midig saxanka hoose ee alwaax (pushing fiberglass batt upward slightly with a wire hook if needed).

Talaabo-tallaabo: Goynta a 45-degree balastar marin engegan oo jeexanThe self-supporting plug cut)¶

Marka aad xaqiijiso in bakhtiga usha uu hayo meydka, isticmaal gacan ** Qalalan Keyhole Keyhole (Jab Saw*** in la sameeyo xarig go'an ** 45-degree "bocorka daboolka":

1. Sawir a 10 x 10 centimeter (4 x 4 inch) Square ee derbiga qallalan (Centered 8 Centimeters / 3 Inches Above the Baseboard): Haddii gidaarkaagu dheer yahay 10- to 15-centimeter (4- to 6-inch) qaabaynta sabuuradaha alwaax, ku dhali xariiqda caulk-ka sare mindida tamarta, si tartiib ah uga saar qaybta sabuuradda alwaax, oo goo daloolka marinkaaga ** si toos ah gadaasha sabuuradda hoose** markaa rinjiyeynta derbiga qallalan eber ayaa loo baahan yahay ka dib.
2. ** Ku hay gidaarkaaga Jab arka Blade at a 45-Degree Inward Angle Dhammaan afarta dhinac ee fagaaraha:** Xagasha gacanta miinshaar oo dibadda ah 45 degrees markaa daabku wuxuu tilmaamayaa gudaha xagga dhexe ee barxadda (just like carving the top lid of a pumpkin), oo si qoto dheer u arkay (only 15 millimeters / 0.6 inches deep) afarta sadar oo dhan.
3. Ka soo saar gidaarka qallalan ee la jeexjeexay oo dhinac u dhig: Sababtoo ah dhammaan afarta gees ee goynta labajibbaaran waxay ku jeexan yihiin 45 degrees, marka aad riixdo isla qaybtaas gidaarka qallalan ee dib ugu soo celi daloolka leh iskudarka wadajirka ah (spackle) ka dib marka meydka la soo saaro, **garbaha rogman ayaa si toos ah u joojiya fiilada dusha sare ee gidaarka *** iyada oo aan loo baahnayn wax alwaax ah.

Soosaar badbaado leh, jeermis-dilid, iyo kimistari ka takhalusidda urta¶

Ka saarida bakhtiga jirku waxay tirtiraysaa 85 ilaa 95 boqolkiiba urta isla markaaba, iyo daawaynta ** dareeraha jirka ee soo saaraha ah ee lagu qooyay saxanka hoose ee geed dalool ah (sole plate*** waxay meesha ka saaraysaa inta soo hadhay 5 ilaa 15 boqolkiiba:

1. ** Soo saarista iyo ka saarida dahaarka wasakhaysan:** Xidhashada N95 neefsigaaga, muraayadaha indhaha, iyo galoofyada nitrile, ceeryaan bakhtiga, dirxiga, xadhkaha xadhkaha goostay, iyo dahaarka ku hareeraysan fiberglass gudaha godka gidaarka oo leh 1:101 part bleach to 9 parts waterama*EPA-ka diwaan gashan jeermiska (plus a 1-second spritz of pyrethrin crawling-insect spray). Sug 10 daqiiqo oo buuxa,kadibna soo saar bakhtiga adigoo isticmaalaya suumanka la tuuri karo ama bacda qaboojiyaha culus ee rogan. La soo bax oo labajibbaaran bac kasta oo ku jira dahaarka fiberglass-ka ah 20 centimeters (8 inches) kaas oo nuugay dareeraha jidhka, isaga oo ku beddelaya muraayad nadiif ah.
2. ** Ku xooji wasakh alwaax leh baabi'iyaha urta bio-enzymatic (Protease + Lipase + Bacillus Spores):** Marka masaxadi hore ee warankiiladu qallajiso 20 daqiiqo, dherji saxanka hoose ee alwaax wasakhaysan iyo warqadaha gidaarka engegan ee gudaha godka oo leh ** ganacsi udgoon bio-enzymatic ah (such as Bac-Out, Nature's Miracle, Earth Care, or Thornell Odorcide)**. Ku noolayaasha * Bacillus* ee aan cudur-sidaha lahayn iyo protease/lipase enzymes waxay si qoto dheer u galaan daloolada alwaaxyada ceeriin waxayna dheefshiidaan cadaverine, putrescine, iyo acids dufanka leh waxayna galaan kaarboon dioxide iyo biyo aan ur lahayn.
3. ** Koloriin Dioxide (ClO2iyo Kiishash Kaarboon ah oo Firfircoon:** ur daran, dhig ** Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) kiish uumiga** gudaha daloolka si ay oksaydh uga dhigaan baaruudda iyo molecules nitrogen, ugana tagaan **200-gram kiishka mesh ee qolof qumbaha oo bikrad ah oo firfircoon.activated charcoal) ama Zeolite granules *** oo ku yaal saxanka hoose ee alwaax ka hor inta aan la xidhin balastarka derbiga engegan.

Nambarada deg-degga ah ee gobolka, wakaaladaha caafimaadka dadweynaha, iyo borotokoollada cudurada ka dhasha¶

• **Mareykanka iyo Kanada ***:
• ** Xaalad Degdeg ah oo Caafimaad911) iyo Khadka Tooska ah ee Sunta**: Wac 911 haddii qof uu yeesho ** neefta oo gabaabsi, qufac, ama qandho sare** 1 ilaa 6 toddobaad kadib nadiifinta bakhtiga jiirka ama buulasha (Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome - HPS). Cunista jiirka ee ilmaha ama xayawaanka rabaayada ah, wac ** US Poison Control (US).1-800-222-1222**, ASPCA Xakamaynta Sunta Xoolaha (1-888-426-4435, ama Canada Sunta (1-844-764-7669).
• **CDC iyo PHAC borotokoolka qoyan-nadiifinta ***: Weligaa ha xaaqin ama ha engegin fakuumka daadinta ama buulka; xidho galoofyada nitrile-ka ah iyo N95/P100 neefsashada, ku buufi bakhtiga iyo qashinka 1:10 biliijka guriga, oo qooy 10 daqiiqo ka hor inta aanad labalaabin boorso.
• ** Boqortooyada Ingiriiska ***:
• Adeegyada Degdega ah999 / NHS 111: Wac NHS 111 (ama 999) haddii aad isku aragto qandho u eg hargab, madax-xanuun, ama cagaarshow ka dib markaad la tashato meydka jiirka Golaha deegaanka Waaxyaha caafimaadka deegaanka iyo Ururka Xakamaynta Cayayaanka ee Ingiriiska (BPCA Farsamayaqaannadu waxay bixiyaan xakamaynta jiirka ee sharciga ah ee hoos timaada ** Kahortagga Burburka ee Sharciga Cayayaanka 1949**.
• *Midowga Yurub:
• Lambarka Degdegga ah: Wac 112 Midowga Yurub oo dhan. Hoosta ECDC iyo Robert Koch Institute (RKI - Germany* Tilmaamaha Puumala iyo Dobrava hantaviruses (transmitted by bank voles and yellow-necked miceXiro FFP2 ama FFP3 neefsiyeye iyo galoofyada la tuuri karo, hawo bixi 30 daqiiqo, oo qoyso dhammaan bakhtiga iyo buulasha jeermiska ka hor intaan la tuurin.
• ** Australia, New Zealand, iyo Asia-Pacific ***:
• ** Australia iyo New Zealand000 / 111***: Dhaladka ** dabada burushka iyo giraanta giraanta *** ee ku dhinta godadka saqafka ama gidaarada waa in laga saaraa iyada oo la adeegsanayo ** P2 neefsiye PPE **, galoofyada, iyo jeermiska jeermiska si looga hortago Leptospirosis iyo caabuqa culuslive possums are protected under state wildlife laws and must be relocated via one-way exit doors).
• ** Hindiya iyo Aasiya-Baasifigga (112 Hindiya / 995 Singapore / 119 Japan & Korea)**: Had iyo jeer ceeryaamo darbiga ku furmaya pyrethroid buufinta cayayaanka oo ay weheliso jeermiska ka hor inta aanad soo saarin jiirarka dhintay si aad u dhaqaajiso **Barayada dooliga bari

Su'aalaha soo noqnoqda¶

Intee in le'eg ayay ku qaadanaysaa jiirka dhintay, jiirka, ama dabagaallaha gudaha gidaarka si ay u joojiyaan urinta haddii aanan gaadhin?¶

Muddada urtu waxay si toos ah ugu xidhan tahay miisaanka jidhka xayawaanka, heerkulka gudaha, iyo qoyaanka, sababtoo ah urta ayaa joogsata oo kaliya marka dhammaan unugyada jilicsan ay si buuxda u engegaan (la qallajiyaan). Jiir yar oo **guri ah (15 ilaa 30 garaam / 0.5 ilaa 1 wiqiyadood)** ur xun laga bilaabo maalinta 2-aad, waxa uu kor u kacaa maalmaha 3 ilaa 5, oo badiyaa wuu engegaa oo joojiyaa urta gudaha **7 ilaa 14 maalmood**. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ** jiir (300 ilaa 500 garaam)** ama ** Dabagaale (400 ilaa 700 garaam)** waxa uu leeyahay 15 ilaa 25 jeer ka badan cufnaanta jidhka iyo dufanka: haddii lagu dhex tago gidaarka, jiirka ama dabagaaluhu waxa ay soo dayn doonaan ur aad u xoog badan **3 ilaa 6 toddobaad*** inta ay soo saarayaan boqollaal dufan ah. sagxadda hoosteeda ama saqafka ayaa ur doona **2 ilaa 3 bilood** oo ka daadan doona dareere bunni ah derbiga engegan. Wax kasta oo ka weyn jiirka waa in had iyo jeer la yaal oo laga soo saaro jir ahaan.

Sideen ku garan karaa farqiga u dhexeeya neef dhintay oo gidaarka ku jira, ur dab koronto ah, iyo gaaska bulaacada oo ka soo daadanaya?¶

Saddexdaba si nidaamsan u hubi sababta oo ah laba ka mid ah waa khataraha nafta-badbaadada degdega ah: (1) **Kuleylka Korontada/Beddelka:** Xayawaanka phenolic iyo dahaarka siliga PVC ee ku jira gudaha dabacsan, sanduuqa korontadu waxay soo daayaan ur kala duwan **"kalluun qudhun" ama "jiirka dhintay" ur ***; taabo meel kasta oo ka soo bixid oo ku beddel saxanka gidaarka xagga dambe ee gacantaada: haddii dabool kasta uu diirran yahay, midabkiisu midab yahay, ama buuqsan yahay, isla markiiba xidh furaha wareegga. (2) ** Bulaacadaha Qalalan ee Biyo-mareenka P-Trap:** Haddii biyo-mareenka sagxada dabaqa hoose, qubayska firaaqada, ama tuubbooyinka mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqo ay qallalaan, gaaska bulaacada (`hydrogen sulfide` iyo `methane`) qolka gala; Ku shub 1 litir (1 quart) oo biyo ah iyo 2 qaado oo saliid khudradeed ah dabaq kasta iyo biyo-mareenka: haddii urta ku baaba'do 30 daqiiqo gudahood ka dib marka la neefsado, waxay ahayd dabin P-engegan. (3) **Xoolo dhintay:** Jiirka qudhuntaa waxa uu soo saaraa qashin qaro weyn, oo macaan leh (`cadaverine and dimethyl trisulfide`) kaas oo ku ekaada hal meel gaar ah oo gidaar u gaar ah ama sabuurad sabuurad ah habeen iyo maalin waxaana badanaa la socda duufaano cagaaran oo gaabis ah ka dib Maalinta 5.

Maxay tahay sababta daraasiin duqsi ah oo waaweyn oo dhalaalaya cagaar ama buluug si lama filaan ah ugu soo baxay gurigayga usbuuc ka dib markii urtu bilaabatay?¶

Duqsiyadaas waaweyn ee macdan-cagaaran ama buluug-madow waa **flies (`Calliphoridae`)** ama xariif ah ** dukhsiga hilibka`Sarcophagidae`)**. Duulimaadyada dheddigga ah waxay ogaan karaan raadadka daqiiqadaha ee cadaverine iyo dimethyl gaaska trisulfide ee gurigaaga ka baxsan waxayna si toos ah ukumo ugu dul dhigaan jiirka dhintay ama daldaloolo yaryar oo u horseedaya bakhtiga saacado gudahood. Dirxiyahoodu (maggots) waxay cunaan unugyada jilicsan ee jilicsan 5 ilaa 8 maalmood, gurguurta ilaa 3 mitir (10 cagood) oo u fogaan cidhifyada rooga qalalan ama dildilaaca saldhigga si ay ugu dhajiyaan qolof yar oo madow-brown ah, ka dibna soo baxa dhammaan 10 ilaa 14 maalmood ka dib marka xayawaanku u dhinto sida qaangaarka caajiska ah ee ka soo horjeeda daaqadaha qorraxdu. Iyadoo aan fiicneyn, duqsiyada qaangaarka ah ma qaniinaan bini'aadamka waxayna baaba'aan 3 ilaa 5 maalmood gudahood marka meydka la saaro; ka faaruq daaqadaha oo ceeryaamo sabuuradda hoose ku dildilaaca buufinta pyrethrin ee guriga.

Waa maxay sababta aanan u isticmaalin sunta jiirka (anticoagulant rodenticide bait blocks) gudaha gurigayga?¶

Xirfadlayaasha duurjoogta ah iyo farsamayaqaannada xakamaynta cayayaanka waxay si adag ugu talinayaan ka hortagga in gudaha gudaha la geliyo sed sunta jiirka, dabagalayaasha, ama jiirka aadka u culus sababtoo ah ** anticoagulant iyo neurotoxic rodenticides waxay qaataan 3 ilaa 7 maalmood si ay u dilaan jiirka, oo ay xayawaanka dhimanayaan u dareemaan harraad, qandho, iyo dareen khafiif ah **. Inta lagu jiro saacadaha ugu dambeeya, jiirka ama jiirka sumaysan wuxuu ku dhow yahay inuusan waligii ku dhiman meel bannaan oo aad ka soo qaadi karto; Taa beddelkeeda, waxay dib ugu noqotaa gudaha godadka derbigaaga ee aadka u dheggan, gadaasha weel-dhaqayaasha jikada, ama gudaha tubbada HVAC ee ku xigta dhididka tuubooyinka biyaha waxayna ku dhintaa meel aan la heli karin. Guriga dhexdiisa, had iyo jeer isticmaal ** dabinada dabinnada makaaniga ah *** (oo lagu dhejiyay darbiga gudaha sanduuqyada u adkaysta) sidaa darteed jiirka waxaa lagu qabtaa dabinka isla markiiba waxaana lagu tuuri karaa ur darbi ah oo eber ah, oo xidh godad bannaanka laga soo galo (`6 millimeters / 1/4 inch or larger`) with copper mesh and sealant.

Waa maxay ciribtirka urka ugu fiican ee lagu buufiyo gudaha gidaarka ka dib markaad ka saarto jiirka dhintay?¶

Isticmaal ** laba-daawaynta kiimikaad ***: marka hore, ka hor inta aanad taaban bakhtiga, ku buufin neefka dhintay, xashiishka, iyo dahaarka ku hareeraysan **1:10 xal nadiifinta guriga (ama jeermiska jeermiska diwaangashan EPA)** oo ha fadhiiso 10 daqiiqo si ay u disho bakteeriyada Hantavirus, Salmonella, iyo Leptospira marka ay taabato. Marka labaad, ka dib markaad ka saarto bakhtiga iyo dahaarka fiberglass kasta oo qooyay, dherji saxanka hoose ee alwaax ee wasakhaysan (`sole plate`) gudaha gidaarka oo leh ** ganacsi bio-enzymatic urka dheefshiidka *** (oo ka kooban borotiin, lipase, iyo bakteeriyada aan cudur-sidaha lahayn *Bacillus*) ama ** chlorine dioxide (`ClO2`) dhexdhexaadiyaha urta ***, oo dhig bac mesh ah ** dhuxul firfircoon (kaarboon firfircoon) *** gudaha daloolka gidaarka ka hor intaadan xidhin balastarka derbiga engegan. Soosaarayaasha hawada cadayan waxay kaliya daboolaan urta si ku meel gaar ah, halka enzymes iyo chlorine dioxide ay kiimiko ahaan u burburiyaan cadaverine iyo molecules putrescine ee lagu qooyay alwaax.

Ammaan ma tahay in la kireeyo Koronto dhaliyaha Ozone-ka ganacsiga si looga takhaluso urta xayawaanka dhintay ee gurigayga gudihiisa ah?¶

** HA** maamulin ozone soo saara sare leh (`O3`) koronto-dhaliyaha daawaynta naxdinta leh ee guri kasta ama qol kasta oo ay joogaan dadka, xayawaanka rabaayada ah, shimbiraha, ama dhirta guriga. Sida laga soo xigtay ** U.S. Hay'adda Ilaalinta Deegaanka (EPA)** iyo **OSHA**, Gaaska Osoone-ku uruursan yahay waa cuncun neef-mareen ah oo waxyeello u geysta unugyada sambabada, dhaliya neefta daran, oo keenta bararka sambabada oo aad uga hooseeya heerka loo baahan yahay si loo caddeeyo urta gidaarka, iyo gaaska ozone ma geli karo qoto dheer gudaha gidaarka qallalan ee xiran si uu u qodo. Taa baddalkeeda, soo saar bakhtiga jir ahaan, ku daawee godka alwaax dareeraha dheefshiidka bio-enzymatic iyo boorsooyinka kaarboonka ee firfircoon, oo socodsii ** sifeeye hawo-sifeeye oo badbaado leh oo leh sariir filter Kaarboon Firfircoon oo culus** gudaha qolka la haysto.

Tilmaamaha la xidhiidha¶

• Jiirka ama jiirka ayaa ruugay fiilooyinka, nadiifinta hantavirus jiirka, iyo biohazard saqafka sare leh
• Shilinta, boodada, ama caarada shimbiraha oo ku qulqulaya meel bannaan
• Rakoonka Attic, Dabagaale, ama soo galitaanka opossum, soffit jeexan, iyo halista gooryaanka Baylisascaris
• Saliidda shidaalka dhulka hoostiisa mara ama ur gaasta bullaacadaha, qulqulka sagxada qalalan ee P-dabin, iyo methane
• Mashiinka daawaynta shoogga koronto dhaliyaha ayaa ka tagay isagoo ku socda gudaha gudaha: bararka sambabada oo ba'an iyo hawo-qaadasho
• Tusaha lambarada degdega ah

Ilaha iyo hanuuninta rasmiga ah¶

• ** U.S. Xarumaha Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada (CDC):** Nadiifinta Jiirka Kadib: Xeerka Rasmiga ah ee Jeermiska-Disinfekshinka ee Kahortagga Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS), Leptospirosis, iyo Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis (LCMV) Inta lagu jiro Bixinta Jiirka dhintay iyo Bulka.
• ** U.S. Hay'adda Ilaalinta Deegaanka (EPA):** Maaraynta Isku-dhafan ee Cayayaanka (IPM) ee Jiirka (Khatarta Jidhka Gudaha ee Qulqulka Qulqulka Jirka iyo Socdaalka Ectoparasite) iyo Soon-dhaliyeyaasha Ozone ee loo iibiyo sidii Nadiifiyeyaasha Hawada: Khataraha Caafimaadka ee Ozone Gudaha.
• Hay'adda Caafimaadka Dadweynaha ee Kanada (PHAC) iyo Caafimaadka Kanada: Kahortagga Caabuqyada Hantavirus: Si badbaado leh ula-tacaalidda iyo jeermi-diridda Jiirarka dhintay, Jiirka, iyo dahaarka wasakhaysan.
• ** Hay'adda Ammaanka Caafimaadka ee Boqortooyada Midowday (UKHSA) iyo Ururka Xakamaynta Cayayaanka ee Ingiriiska (BPCA):** * Kahortagga Leptospirosis (Cudurka Weil) iyo Habka Farsamada ee Habdhaqanka Farsamada ee Soo saarista Bakhtiga Jiirka iyo Fayadhowrka Bio-Enzymatic*.
• Robert Koch Institute (RKI - Germany) iyo Xarunta Yurub ee Kahortagga iyo Xakamaynta Cudurada (ECDC):