Tillaabada korontadu Burburtay, Jihooyinka Cararay, iyo Isku-xidhka Saxanka¶

Koronto-dhaliyeyaasha iyo marinnada socodku waa gaadiidleyda silsiladda warshadeed ee culus oo ay wataan matoor koronto oo heersare ah oo u dhexeeya 7.5 ilaa 30 kilowatts (10 ilaa 40 hooras), oo loo farsameeyay in ay kumanaan kiilo garaam oo culeyska rakaabka si joogto ah ugu socdaan waddooyinka birta ah. Si ka duwan taksiyada wiishka ee xiran halkaas oo albaabbada badbaadada ay ka difaacaan fuushannada mashiinnada dhaqaaqa, koronto-bixiye ayaa si toos ah u kashifaya rakaabka dhaqaaqa tillaabooyinka birta ah ee is-dhex-galka ah, biraha gacan-ku-duubka sare leh, darfaha goonnada dhinac taagan, iyo aluminium-fiiqan ama taarikada shanlada birta ah ee korka iyo hoose. Haddii xumbo jilicsan ee ilmaha ay xirto, kabaha roobka, xargaha kabaha, ama jaakad dheer lagu jiido 3-ilaa-5-millimitir (0.12-ilaa-0.20-inji) faraqa nadiifinta ee u dhexeeya tallabada dhaqaaqaysa iyo marada dhinaca ama hoosta ilkaha saxannada jaalaha ah, matoorka ku habboon ma joogsan doono; waxay sii waddaa jiidista addinka gelinta habka ilaa inta uu bedbedeli doono safarro ama goob jooge uu ku dhufto badhanka Joogsiga Degdegga ah ee cas.

Saldhigyada gaadiidka, garoommada, iyo suuqyada laga dukaameysto, kororka aadka u rarnaa waxay sidoo kale la kulmi karaan dillaaca silsiladda wadista ama biriiga oo xumaada, taas oo u beddeleysa jaranjarada isjiidjiid aan cidhiidhi ahayn oo soo dedejisa dib-u-socoshada oo ku ururisa rakaabka meel tuun ah oo soo degista hoose. Burburka qaabdhismeed ee rollers-ka aluminiumka ama taarikada dhulka ee aan xidhnayn ayaa sidoo kale si toos ah u furi kara meel bannaan oo ka sarraysa qalabka wadista muhiimka ah ee gudaha godka taliska sare. Ogaanshaha goobta saxda ah ee badhanka Joogsiga Degdegga ah ee cas ee ku hoos jira biraha cusub ee gacan birta ah, sida loo adkeeyo oo loo nadiifiyo aagga hoose ee roodhida inta lagu jiro leexashada cararka, sida loo dul maro tallaabo maqan ama saxan degitaan dabacsan, iyo sida loo dejiyo cag jajaban waxay badbaadisaa nolosha iyo addimada. Tixraac nambarada degdega ah, dabin koronto iyo dhaawac socod lug ah, xaaladaha degdegga ah wiishkaiyo dad badan ayaa burburiya oo is-taajiya badbaadada.

Hadda samee tan¶

1. *Dharbaaxo ama laad batoonka joogsiga degdega ah ee cas xagga sare ama hoose ee soo degista isla markaaba haddii qof kabtiisa, dharkiisa, ama addintiisa la qabto, ama haddii tillaabo dildilaacdo ama xidhmo. dhawaaqa qaylo-dhaan maxalli ah marka kor loo qaado.
2. ** Qayli "qabso gacan-qabsiga" ka hor inta aanad riixin badhanka Joogsiga degdega ah haddii aan qofna si firfircoon loogu jiidin mishiinka.
3. **Isku-gooy dharka xidhan, xadhkaha jeexjeexa, ama xargaha kabaha oo isla markiiba leh xiirid jug ah ama mindi jeebka ah, ama ka siibo cagta cagtii xidhnayd ama kabaha haddii mishiinku wali socdo. Iska jar marada xorta ah ama ka saar cag qaawan kabaha ka hor inta suulasha aysan gaarin ilka shanlada.
4. **Haddii kororka kor u kacaya uu si lama filaan ah u taahayo, u gariiro, oo uu jihada hoose u rogo, si adag u qabso labada gacan ee gacan ee caagga ah, cagahaaga ku beer ballac laba tallaabo ah, oo dib u yara tiirso. hoos gadaashiisa; eeg dad badan ayaa burburiya oo is-taajiya badbaadada.
5. **Haddii aad aragto dalool dillaacsan, foorarsan, ama ka maqan tilaabo tallaabo u socota dhanka soo degista, ka bood dhammaan saxanka dhulka soo degaya ee birta ah oo ku dul soco sagxadda adag ee dhismaha.
6. ** Wac lambarkaaga deg-degga ah (911 gudaha Mareykanka iyo Kanada, 112 gudaha Midowga Yurub, 999 gudaha Boqortooyada Ingiriiska) oo ka dalba Waaxda Dab-demiska Badbaadinta Farsamo Culus. sii daynta addinka ku dheggan inta u dhaxaysa jaranjaro aluminium ah iyo guddi gooneedka birta waxay u baahan tahay fidiyeyaasha hawo-qaadista iyo sii-deynta silsilad-tallaabo; hubi nambarada degdega ah iyo burburka dhaawaca iyo cilladda qaybta.

Geedka go'aanka: kororka degdega ah ee farsamada iyo jawaabta ku-xidhnaanta¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Escalator ama Dhaqdhaqaaqa Degdegga ah ee Socodka"] --> HazardType{"Waa maxay cilladda farsamada ama dhaawaca dhacaya?"}
    HazardType -->|"Kabo, Faraha, ama Dharka Lagu Qabto Saxan Shanlo ah ama Maro Dhinac"| Entrapment["1. Ku dhufo batoonka joogsiga degdega ah ee cas xagga sare ama hoose ee soo degista boostada cusub; 2. Iska jar dharka togan ama cagaha qaawan ka siibo kabaha ku xayiran isla markaaba; 3. Ha ku jiidin si qasab ah suulasha ku xayiran ama matoorka gadaal u socda; 4. Wac 911/112/999 si aad u hesho Badbaadinta culus ee Dabka oo wata fidiyeyaasha biyaha"]
    HazardType -->|"Koronto-dhaliyaha ayaa si lama filaan ah u rogaya jihada ama hoos buu u dedejiyaa"| Runaway["1. Ha isku dayin in aad kor u kacdo koronto-rogad degdeg ah; 2. Si adag u qabso labada gacan ee gacan, ballaadhi mawqifka, oo ku adkee saamaynta hoose; 3. Haddii ay u dhowdahay xagga hoose, isla markiiba ka bood oo u dhaqaaq 5 m (16 ft) dhinac; 4. Ka soo jiid raacayaasha dhacay dhinaca dambe oo ka fog aagga hoose ee saxarada"]
    HazardType -->|"Xirmooyinka tillaabada, Farqiga Talaabada Maqan Ayaa Soo Muuqata, ama Burqan Bir ah"| StepCollapse["1. Ku dhufo batoonka joogsiga degdega ah ee cas oo u qayli raacayaasha si ay u joojiyaan socodka; 2. U gudub tillaabooyinka cidhiidhiga ah ee ku xiga ama gacmaha ku dheji balustrayada dhinaca; 3. Weligaa ha ku talaabsan taarikada sagxadaha biraha ah ee ku yaala xagga sare ama hoos; 4. Dabool oo si buuxda ugu caddaaday dabaqa shubka ah ee dhismaha adag"]
    Entrapment --> Medical["Ku xakamee dhiigbaxa halbowlaha ah adigoo isticmaalaya dalxiis ama cadaadis toos ah oo ka daaw shoogga"]
    Runaway --> Medical
    StepCollapse --> Medical

Anatomy of escalator iyo helitaanka badhanka Joojinta Degdegga ah ee cas¶

Waa maxay sababta dadka is-hortaagi ay u joojin waayaan kororka wakhtiga¶

Inta lagu jiro dabin koronto ama cillad farsamo, ilbiriqsi kasta oo ah safarka sii socda wuxuu soo jiidayaa qiyaastii 0.5 mitir (1.6 cagood) oo ah tillaabooyin bir ah oo ku yaal addinka xanniban ee dhibbanaha. Muuqaallada la-socoshada shilalka korontadu waxay muujinayaan in dadka ag-joogaa ay inta badan lumiyaan 10 ilaa 30 ilbiriqsi iyagoo eegaya hareeraha gidaarada si ay u beddelaan sababtoo ah ma garanayaan halka uu ku rakiban yahay badhanka joogsiga.

Marka loo eego koodhka badbaadada caalamiga ah (ASME A17.1 / CSA B44 ee Waqooyiga Ameerika iyo EN 115 ee Yurub, Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, iyo Aasiya-Pacific), koronto kasta oo dadweyne iyo marin socod ayaa leh ** ugu yaraan laba furaha dibadda ah oo la heli karo, furaha joogsiga degdega ah ee casaanka ah**: mid ku yaal soo degitaanka sare iyo mid degitaanka hoose.

Goobaha saxda ah ee badhanka Joogsiga Degdegga ah (E-Stop).¶

Ka fiirso mid ka mid ah saddexdan boos ee la jaanqaadaya meesha laga soo galo iyo laga baxo ee jaranjarada:

1. ** Qalooca hore ee hoose ee birta cusub ee balaastada (badanaa):** Istaag u jeedda albaabka ama ka baxada jaranjarada. Hoos u eeg cidhifka qaloocan ee birta gacan ( ** cusbada ***) dherer ahaan jilibka-ilaa-dhexda, **30 ilaa 90 sentimitir (12 ilaa 36 inji) oo ka sarreeya dabaqa ***. Badhanka riixida cas waxa loo dejiyay saxan bir ah oo ka hoosaysa birta gacan ee caagga ah ee sanka roganaya ama dhinaca midig ee u jeeda tallaabooyinka.
2. gudaha guri daboolan oo daahsoon: Maamulo badan oo tareenku waxay badhanka cas ku dabooshaan dabool cad oo polycarbonate ah oo ku suntan " JOOJINTA DEGDEGGA AH - BOOLKA KALA FURTIDDA BANTIDA." Waa in aad daboolka saafiga ah ka rogtaa oo aad riixdaa badhanka likaha cas ee gudaha si adag ilaa uu korontadu ka baxayo.
3. ** Sagxad sare ama boosteejo kaalmeed oo ku taal isteeshannada taraafikad sareeyo:** Saldhigyada tareenada dhulka hoostiisa mara ee qoto dheer, bollard dhexda-sare oo dheeraad ah ama badhan cas oo ku rakiban dusha sare ee sagxadda balastarka agteeda marinka birta gacantu waxa ay siinaysaa muuqaal ka sarreeya dadka cufan.

Maro shanley ah iyo dabin-geerar dhinaca-geeska ah: sababta kabaha jilicsan iyo dharka dabacsan loo soo jiido¶

Farsamoyaqaannada labada dhibcood ee dabin-gelinta aasaasiga ah¶

In ka badan 90 boqolkiiba goynta koronta, dhaawacyada hoos u dhaca, iyo cagaha burburka daran waxay ka dhacaan laba goobood oo joomatari ah halkaasoo dhaqaaqa aluminiumku ay ku dhex maraan milimitir qaabdhismeedka birta taagan:

1. Farqiga u dhexeeya maro-dhinac (ku-xidhid-ka-ilaa-maro)¶

Markay tilaabo kasta oo koronto-qaade ahi ay kor u kacdo ama hoos ugu soo kacdo jiitanka, cidhifkeeda bidix iyo midig waxay ag maraan guddi bir toosan oo taagan oo la yiraahdo sarka garka. Xeerarka dhismuhu waxay u baahan yihiin faraqa jiifka ah ee u dhexeeya cidhifka tallaabada dhaqaaqda iyo marada taagan in aanay ka ballaadhin 4 ilaa 5 milimitir (0.16 ilaa 0.20 inji), laakiin culayska rakaabka ee culus iyo rollers-ka nylon ee xidhan ayaa u oggolaanaya tillaabooyinka in ay dhinaca kale u wareegaan. Marka ay tillaadu soo dhawaato qalooca kala-guurka siman ee xagga sare ama hoose ee soo degista, wejiga toosan (kaca) ee tillaabada sare waxa uu hoos u simbiraa hoos u dhaafaa tumanka toosan ee tallaabada hoose, isaga oo abuuraya aag xiiran oo hoos u jiidaya oo ku yaal cidhifka marada.

2. Saxanka shanlada ee sare iyo hoose (tallaabo-ilaa-shanlayda)¶

Labada soo degitaanka, jeexjeexyada tillaabooyinka aluminium ee dhaqaaqa waxay hoos maraan saf taagan oo bir xagal leh ama ilig polymer jaale ah oo loo yaqaan ** saxanka shanlada ***, kaas oo u dhaqma sidii spatula si uu cagaha rakaabka uga saaro jaranjarooyinka socda ee dabaqa soo degaya. Haddii ilig kasta oo saxanadda shanlada ku yaal uu jabo ama kor u foorarsado, ama haddii shay khafiif ah uu simbiriiro xagga hoose ee jeexjeexa jaranjarada halkii uu ka kor mari lahaa rafka shanlada, waxa si toos ah loogu kexeeyaa 1.5-ilaa-3-milimitir (0.06-ila-0.12-inch) meshing interface.

Waa maxay sababta xumbo xirto (Crocs), kabaha roobka caagga ah ee jilicsan, iyo xadhkaha sawiradu waa khatar gaar ah¶

Kabaha adag ee maqaar ah ama kabo adag ayaa leh kabo adag oo si nadiif ah ugu dul wareegaya marada dhinaca birta ee taagan si fududna kor ugu fuula ilkaha shanlada xaglaha leh. Taas bedelkeeda, saddex nooc oo kabo ah iyo dhar ayaa ah kuwa ugu badan ee dhaawaca mangling kororka:

• ** Jilicsan ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) xumbo xabagta xabagta (sida Crocs) iyo kabaha roobka caagga ah ee cirridka ah (wellingtons):** Xumbo jilicsan ee EVA iyo caag khafiif ah oo khafiif ah ayaa leh iskudhaf aad u sarreeya oo ka soo horjeeda birta caday iyo aluminium, oo ay weheliso ku dhawaad eber iska caabin burburin. Marka ilmuhu ku cadaydo dhinaca xumbo jilicsan ama kabaha roobka oo ka soo horjeeda goonnada dhinaca taagan, is jiid jiidka ayaa qabsada kabaha cirridka, oo laalaa sanduuqa suulasha jilicsan ee gudaha, oo uu nuugo kabaha oo dhan, oo ay weheliyaan suulasha ilmaha iyo cagtiisa hore, hoos u dhexmara 4-milimitir (0.16-inch) farqiga u dhexeeya tallaabada iyo goonnada ama saxanka hoostiisa.
• ** Xadhkaha kabaha ee qooqan, xargaha jeexjeexa, iyo xadhigga shandad ee dhabarka:** Xadhkaha kabaha ee aan la xidhin ayaa jiifa gudaha godad cidhiidhi ah oo toosan ee jaranjarada jaranjarada. Sababtoo ah xadhiggu wuxuu fadhiyaa ** hoos *** oogada sare ee godadka, ilkuhu saxanaddu kama qaadi karaan marka ay soo degayaan; Taa baddalkeeda, shalashdu waxay dhaaftaa ilka shanlada oo ay ku duubto dabada silsilad-tallaabo ee wareegeysa ee hoose, iyada oo kabaha ku dhejisa saxanka shanlada ama soo jiidaya faraha iyo luqunta ilmaha jilbaha hoos u dhiga ilkaha birta ah.
• Goono qulqulaya oo dhaadheer, abaayas, sariiro, lebbis maxi, iyo surwaal lugo ballaadhan: Cidhifyada daba-galka ah ee cadaya xadka jaalaha ah ee tallabada waxa ay isku xidhaan korka toosan ee hal tallaabo ah iyo tumanka toosan ee tallabada ku xiga marka jaranjadu ay si toos ah u soo degayso.

Samatabbixin tillaabo-tallaabo ah iyo daryeel caafimaad oo loogu talagalay saxanka shanlada ah ama ku-xidhka-dhinaca-geeska ah¶

Wajiga 1: Qiimaynta joogsiga degdega ah iyo soo saarista (10 ilbiriqsi ee ugu horeeya)¶

1. ** Isla markiiba ku dhufo batoonka joogsiga degdega ah ee cas:** Marka uu istaago matoorku, qanjaruufta makaanikada ayaa joogsata horumarka.
2. Haddii maro ama xadhig kabo ay ku xayiran yihiin laakiin qaybta jirku aysan weli ku dhex jirin birta birta, isla markiiba jar: Isticmaal xiirid dhaawacyada, maqas adag, ama mindi jeebka (gooy ** ka fog maqaarka dhibbanaha) si aad u jarjartid xadhig kabo xidhan, xadhig, lugo surwaal, ama jaakad cidhif ah ka hor qof kasta.
3. Haddii kabo jilicsan ay ku xidhan tahay marada dhinaca ama saxanadda shanlada, hubi in ciribtu ay simbiriirixan karto: Haddii kaliya sanduuqa suulka caagga ah ee xiniinyaha dabacsan ama kabaha roobka la gooyo oo la joojiyo fuusha, si tartiib ah u fur ama fur bootka oo arag haddii cagta dhibbanaha ay si habsami leh gadaal uga soo bixi karto kabaha iyada oo aan xoog lahayn, adigoo kabaha ku xayiran ku dhex jira mashiinka.
4. ** Waligaa si xoog ah ha ugu jiidin cagta, gacanta, ama farta xidhan:** Haddii suulasha, faraha, ama lafaha anqawgu ay isku cadaadiyan gudaha faraqa maranka birta ah ama ay ku hoos jiraan ilkihii xagal ee saxanka shanlada, dib u jiididdu waxay sababtaa in jaranjarada aluminiumka ee fiiqan ay dillaacdo oo ay shanleeyaan ilkaha si ay u dhaqmaan sida barb hal dhinac ah, oo ka siibaysa maqaarka iyo seedaha lafaha laf dhabarta.

Wajiga 2: Taageerida dhibbanaha inta aad sugayso Badbaadinta Culus ee Dabka¶

1. ** Is deji oo jir ahaan dhibbanaha ku taageer tallaabooyinka:** Ku dabool jilbaha, miskaha, iyo jidhka dhibbanaha hoostooda oo leh jaakado laalaaban si aanu miisaankooda jidhku u ruxin canqowga xidhan.
2. ** Ka ilaali goob joogayaasha labada badhamada Joogsiga Degdegga ah iyo furaha furaha:** Ka ilaali dadka aan war u hayn ee ku sugan cidhifka ka soo horjeeda ee koronto-yaqaanku inay dib u dejiyaan furaha joogsiga ama gelinaya furaha bilawga ilaa dab-demiyeyaasha ay xidhaan jabiyaha weyn.
3. ** Caawi Waaxda Dab-demiska Soo saarista Farsamada Samatabbixinta:** Dab-demisyadu waxay furfuraan qaybta saxanadda shanlada ee la guuri karo, ka saara tillaabooyinka aluminiumka ee ku xiga, ama geli faafiyaha samatabbixinta biyaha inta u dhaxaysa tillaabada iyo marada dhinaca birta ah si ay ugu qasbaan farqiga **25-ilaa-50-millimitir (1-ilaa-2-inch)
4. ** Xakamee dhiig-baxa oo ilaali nudaha la gooyay:** Ku mari cadaadis toos ah oo leh faashad nadiif ah oo nadiif ah boogaha dhiigbaxa, ama dhig maraqa dabaysha ganacsiga 5 ilaa 7 sentimitir (2 ilaa 3 inji) ka sare anqawga ama curcurka haddii halbowlehu kaco; eeg dhiigbax daran. Ku duub lambar kasta oo la gooyay faashad nadiif ah oo si khafiif ah loogu qooyay milix ama biyo nadiif ah, ku xidh bac qallalan, oo ku dul sabbayn bacdaas qubays baraf iyo biyo ah.

Jihada cararka rogaal celiska ah ee kor u kacaya rarka xad dhaafka ah¶

Fiisigiska ee dib u noqoshada orday escalator¶

Dhacdada koronto-dhaliyaha carartay waxay si gaar ah ugu dhacda ** kororka aadka loo raro** ee saldhigyada tareenada dhulka hoostiisa mara, boosteejooyinka tareenada, iyo garoomada. Gudaha godka mishiinka sare, mooto koronto ayaa kaxaysa santuuqa-gearbox ama silsilad culus, halka bareega adeega aasaasiga ahi uu caadi ahaan ku dul socdo shafka mootada. Laba qaab oo guuldarraystayaashu waxay sababaan kororka kor u kacaya oo ay ka buuxaan rakaab inuu si lama filaan ah u rogo jihada:

1. ** Dilaaca silsiladda waduhu ama xiirid sanduuqa-geeska ah:** Haddii silsiladda rullaluistuadka ugu weyni ay jeexdo ama ilkuhu ay ka soo baxaan culayska culus ee rakaabka, mishiinka korontada iyo biriiga ku xidhan ayaa ka go'an tallaabooyinka rakaabka. Haddii aan ** bireega usheeda dhexe ee caawisa *** si toos ah loogu dhejin sprocket-ka sare, ma jiraan wax kor u haya silsiladda tallabada.
2. ** Xadhkaha dahaarka bireega adeegga:** Haddii rakaab aad u tiro badan ay isku mar ku soo xoomaan fuusha kor u kaca, culayska hoos u soo jiidashada ayaa ka xoog badiya matoorka ama uu dhaafo kabaha biriiga ee wasakhaysan ee saliidda leh.

Marka darawalka sare uu fashilmo, culeysku wuxuu u beddelaa koronto-qaade bir ah oo culeyskiisu yahay 5,000 ilaa 10,000 kiiloogaraam (11,000 ilaa 22,000 rodol) oo rakaab ah. 2 ilaa 3 ilbiriqsi gudahood, tillaabooyinku way istaagaan, jihada u rogaan dhanka hoose, oo si dhaqsi leh u dedejiyaan 1.5 ilaa 2.5 mitir ilbiriqsikii (5 ilaa 8 cagood ilbiriqsikii).

Ficilada badbaadada inta lagu jiro rogashada kor u kaca carar¶

Haddii aad fuushan tahay koronto koraya oo aad dareento in ay gariirayso, hoos u dhigto, ama bilawdo dib-u-rogid:

1. Ha isku dayin inaad kor u qaaddo tillaabooyinka ilaa aad ku jirto hal tallaabo oo saxanadda shanlada sare ah mooyaane: Isku day inaad kor ugu soo ordo tillaabooyinka kor u qaadaya 2 mitir ilbiriqsikii (6.5 cagood ilbiriqsikii) waxay marka hore kaa tuurtaa dheelitirka madaxyada geesaha birta fiiqan.
2. Haddii aad u dhowdahay soo degitaanka hoose marka dib-u-rogiddu bilaabato, isla markiiba ka bood oo dhinac u dhaqaaq: Daqiiqado gudahood, qulqulka dadka ee rakaabka ah ayaa laga soo saarayaa saxanka shanlada hoose isagoo xawaare sare ku socda.
3. Haddii aad dhexda duulimaadka tahay oo aadan bixi karin, qaado booska Laamiga ee Escalator:
4. Labada gacan ee gacan ee caagga ah ku qabo gacanta ugu badan.
5. ** Cagahaaga u kala fogee laba tallaabo oo kala duwan *** si aad u abuurto saldhig xasiloon oo hore iyo gadaal ah si aadan gadaal ugu laaban qalooca kala-guurka ee hoose.
6. **Jilbahaaga yara foorarsan oo gadhkaaga hoos u dhig *** marka aad cududayso gacmahaaga hore haddii fuushannada ka sarreeya ay dhabarkaaga ku dhacaan.
7. ** Isla markiiba nadiifi aagga soo degitaanka ee hoose:**
8. Marka ragii ugu horeeyay ay ku dhuftaan hoosta oo ay dhacaan, gudbiyaha ayaa si toos ah korkooda u quudiya daraasiin badan oo meyd ah, iyaga oo abuuraya meel jajab ah ** 1.5 ilaa 2.5 mitir (5 ilaa 8 cagood) oo qoto dheer ** halka biraha birta ah ay ku shiidaan lakabka hoose ee dhibbanayaasha.
9. Isla markiiba cagahaagu gaadhaan aagga kala-guurka ee hoose, hore ama dhinac u dul qaad rasinka dhacay ama gees u rog balustrade oo ka fogee meesha laga baxo.
10. Qabo rakaabka dhacay garbaha ama cududaha oo ** dhinac u jiid jidka socodka** si raacayaasha ka dambeeya iyaga ay u helaan meel bannaan oo ay ku degaan; eeg dad badan ayaa burburiya oo is-taajiya badbaadada.

Tallaabo burburto, sagxadda sagxadda oo guuldarreysa, iyo dabinnada godka-tooska ah ee furan¶

Sida tillaabada jabtay ay saxanadda soo degista u beddesho albaab dabin¶

Tallaabo kasta oo koronto-qaade ahi waa gunta aluminium-ka-dhimatay oo ku dul-rogmaya afar taayir oo polyurethane ah oo ay weheliyaan birta birta ah ee gudaha ku jirta. Daalka birta, daxalka milixda, ama burburka jidka ayaa dillaaci kara cudud taageero ah ama jebin karta rullaluistu, taasoo dhalinaysa laba khatarood oo xidhiidhsan:

1. Duullimaadka badhtamaha maran: Farqi leydi ah ayaa ka furmaya inta u dhaxaysa jaranjarooyinka, isaga oo kashifinaya ulaha dhidibka-tallaabada ah. Haddii lugtu ku dhex dhacdo tilaabo burburtay dhexda duulimaadka, tillaabada dhaqaaqi waxay lugta ku xayiran u qaadaysaa saxanka shanlada taagan sida xiirid.
2. Sagxada sagxadda ee soo booday: Marka ay tillaabo laablaaban ama leexleexsan tahay ay timaad goobta soo degidda, waxay si xoog leh ugu gashaa alwaaxdii saxanka adag ee birta ah. Unugyada ay taarikada gelitaanka birta leydi-geeska ah ay hoos u dhigaan kaliya cuf-jiid ama boolal daxalaystay, isku dhacaas ** wuxuu kor u qaadaa saxanadda shanlada oo uu ka soo saaraa taarikada sagxadda birta ee jirkooda ***, isagoo ku tuuraya qof kasta oo korkooda si toos ah u dhex dhigaya giraanta weyn ee wadista ee gudaha godka mashiinka sare.

Ka samatabbixi tillaabada duntay ama godka soo degidda ee furan¶

1. Ku dhufo badhanka joogsiga degdega ah ee cas ka hor intaadan taaban dhibbanaha: Dareewalka weyn ee gudaha godka sare wuxuu ku wareegaa xoog ku filan si uu u soo jiido samatabbixiye haddii matoorku wali tamar leeyahay.
2. Reerka ku xayiran saxanka dhulka dib u soo jiid kaliya ka dib marka mishiinku dhinto: Isku dheji dabaqa adag ee dhismaha (waligaa ha saarin taarikada birta ah ee soo hadhay) oo kor u jiid dhibbanaha kilkilaha ama suunka.
3. ** Dami jabiyaha korontada ugu weyn qolka mishiinka:** Injineerada dhismaha ee tooska ah ama dabdemiska si ay ugu tuuraan jebinta wareegga saddex-waji ee muhiimka ah ** DAM** (Lockout/Tagout).

Gargaarka degdega ah ee dhaawacyada kor u kaca: hoos u dhigista, burburinta, iyo dildilaaca tallaabo-tallaabo ah¶

Daawaynta xadhkaha jaranjarada aluminium-fiiqan leh¶

Tallaabooyinka koronto-dhaliyaha waxaa lagu shubaa feeraha toosan oo qoto dheer, dhuuban (** cleats ***) oo loogu talagalay in lagu dhex geliyo saxanka shanlada. Ku-soo-dhaca koronto-yaqaanku waxay caadi ahaan soo saartaa jeexjeexyo qoto dheer, barbar socda, jeexjeexan oo ka gudban shilalka, jilbaha, cududaha, foodda, iyo madaxa oo si toos ah hoos ugu jeexa lafta:

• ** Dhiigbaxa ku xakamee cadaadis adag oo faashad fidsan:** Ha isku dayin inaad ka soo qaadatid jajab dufan koronto madow ah ama xuubka aluminium ee ka soo baxa gashka qoto dheer ee madaxa ee goobta. Dusha suufka faashad nadiifka ah ee dhumuc weyn leh ee goynta barbar socda oo si adag ugu duub faashad rullaluistu ah; eeg dhiigbax daran.
• ** Xasiji kuwa looga shakisan yahay dhaawaca laf-dhabarta iyo madaxa:** Rakaabka gadaal gadaal looga soo tuuray koronto-bixiye inta lagu jiro joogsiga biriiga kediska ah ama ka-noqoshada cararku waxay inta badan ku dhuftaan salka madaxooda ama laf dhabarta ilmo-galeenka iyagoo ka soo horjeeda cidhifyada fiiqan. Haddii rakaabka ku dhacay xagga hoose ee soo degitaanka uu leeyahay qoor xanuun, jahawareer, kabuubyo addimada, ama miyir beelka, ** hubso in koriyaha la joojiyo marka hore **, ka dibna u deji madaxooda iyo luqunta gacanta si la mid ah jirkooda adigoon leexin ilaa aad u jiido dhinac dhinac ah oo ka soo baxa dhufashada bini'aadamka ee firfircoon; eeg dhaawacyo madaxa iyo dhaawacyada laf dhabarta.
• ku dabool seedaha iyo lafaha qaawan ee dhaymada milixda ee nadiifka ah ee qoyan: Haddii kabaha caagga ah iyo maqaarka laga siibay cagta (degloving), ku dabool nudaha ceeriin si tartiib ah faashad nadiif ah oo lagu qooyay milix caadi ah oo nadiif ah (ama biyo nadiif ah oo dhalada ah) oo si khafiif ah ugu duub suuf weyn oo qallalan. Weligaa ha gooyn daboolka maqaarka oo weli ku dheggan buundada unuggu; si tartiib ah dib ugu dul dhig sariirta dhaawaca dusha sare ee faashad cusbo leh oo qoyan. Ha isku dayin inaad toosiso anqawga qalloocan ama cagta hore ee la jajabiyey; suuf ku wareegsan cagta qallafsan oo leh tuwaalo duuban; eeg lafo jabay iyo naxdin.

Lambarada degdega ah ee gobolka iyo borotokoolka wakaalada¶

Markaad codsanayso caawimo inta lagu jiro dabin koronto, tillaabada burburtay, ama dib u noqoshada cararka khasaaraha badan, had iyo jeer sheeg "Qofka si farsamaysan ugu xanniban kororka, u dir Waaxda Dab-demiska Badbaadinta Farsamo Culus" si ay u soo diraan qalabyada hawo-qaadista ee ay weheliyaan kalkaaliyayaasha caafimaadka. Eeg nambarada degdega ah loogu talagalay hagaha caalamiga ah.

Su'aalaha soo noqnoqda¶

Aaway badhanka Joogsiga Degdegga ah ee cas oo ku yaal koronto, oo marka la riixo miyuu soo tuurayaa rakaabka jaranjarada?¶

Kordhiye kasta oo u hoggaansamaya koodhka iyo socodka socodka, badhanka Joogsiga Degdegga ah ee casaanka ah ayaa lagu rakibay labada sare iyo hoose ee soo degista xagga hore ama dhinaca gudaha ee birta gacan birta ah ee birta cusub, qiyaastii 30 ilaa 90 sentimitir (12 ilaa 36 inji) oo ka sarraysa dabaqa (mararka qaarkood waxay ka dambeeyaan boodbood cad oo daboolan marka kor loo qaado). Riixitaanka badhanka waxay jaraysaa awoodda mootada wadista oo waxay gelisaa biriiga adeegga, taasoo keenaysa tillaabooyinka joogsi siman in ka badan 0.3 ilaa 0.9 mitir (1 ilaa 3 cagood) oo socdaal ah. Waligaa batoonka ha u riixin si kaftan ah ama si aad u soo ceshato alaabta la tuuray, laakiin si hagar la'aan ah u riix haddii kabo, maro, ama qayb jidhka ka mid ah la qabto ama haddii qof ku dhaco saxanka shanlada.

Waa maxay sababta xumbo jilicsan sida Crocs iyo kabaha roobka caagga ah ay aad ugu dhowdahay in lagu dhuuqo koronto-yaqaan ka badan kabaha maqaarka ama kabaha?¶

Kabaha maqaar ee adag iyo kabaha caadiga ah waxay leeyihiin dabac adag iyo khilaaf hoose oo ka dhanka ah birta, markaa waxay si dhib la'aan ah ugu simbiriiraan marada dhinaca birta ah ee taagan ama ilkaha saxannada xaglaha leh. Xiritaanka xumbo jilicsan ee EVA iyo kabaha roobka caagga ah ee dabacsan waxay isku daraan xajinta sare ee dusha sare ee ka dhanka ah birta oo leh qalafsanaan qaabdhismeed aad u hooseeya. Marka ilmuhu ku cadaydo dhinaca ama suulasha kabo jilicsan oo ka soo horjeeda goonnada dhinaca taagan, khilaafku wuxuu qabsadaa caagga cirridka, oo laalaa sanduuqa suulasha jilicsan, oo u jiid kabaha iyo suulasha ilmaha 4-millimitir (0.16-inch) farqiga u dhexeeya tallaabada dhaqaaqa iyo guddida marada birta.

Ammaan ma tahay in kor ama hoos loo socdo koronto taagan oo la damiyay oo lagu xannibay koojyada jaalaha ah?¶

Ku socoshada jaranjaro istaagsan oo lagu xannibay dayactirku waa khatar laba sababood dartood. Marka hore, haddii koronto-dhaliye lagu hayo kaliya biriiga matoor-gaabsan ama uu ku socdo shaqada silsiladda wadista iyada oo aan la rakibin qufulo farsamo, miisaanka dadka lugeynaya ee ku socda jaranjarooyinka waxay ka adkaan kartaa is jiid-jiidka joogtada ah ee qalabka wadista waxayna sababi kartaa jaranjarada inay dib u rogaan digniin la'aan. Marka labaad, kor u kaca tillaabada toosan waa 20 ilaa 24 sentimitir (8 ilaa 9.5 inji) dheer, ka dheer jaranjarooyinka dhismaha caadiga ah, abuurista khatar safar oo daran oo ku wajahan aluminium fiiqan. Had iyo jeer isticmaal jaranjarooyinka dhismaha ee go'an ama wiishka marka uu korontadu dami.

Waa maxay sababta makaanigga dhismuhu u diiday inuu wax yar u rogo matoorka kooraska si uu cagaha ilmaha ku xayiran uga saaro saxanka shanlada?¶

Silsiladaha jaranjarada jaranjarada iyo qalabka wadista waxay leeyihiin habacsanaan farsamo (dib-u-dhac ah), iyo tillaabada cag ku xidhatay gudaha saxanka shanlada ama goonnada dhinac ayaa durba ka soo leexatay toosan. Haddii makaanik uu tamarsiiyo matoorka korantada ee sare u kaca dhanka kale, tillaabada aluminiumka ee goglan ayaa si toos ah u beddesha ama si adag uga soo xajiso ilkaha shanlada taagan ka hor inta aysan gadaal u dhaqaaqin, iyadoo ka xiiranaysa suulasha la jajabiyey ama ka siibay maqaarka iyo seedaha lafta. Kaliya farsamayaqaannada samatabbixinta waaxda dab-damiska oo isticmaalaya wiish-gacmeedka iyo fidiyeyaasha hawo-biyoodka ka dib wadarta guud ee korontadu waa inay xoreeyaan addinka ku xayiran.

Maxaa sababa kororka kor u kacaya inuu si lama filaan ah u rogo jihada oo uu dib ugu soo dedejiyo, oo muxuu u joojin waayay badhanka Joogsiga degdega ah ee cas?¶

Dib u noqoshada jihada carartay waxay dhacdaa marka koronto-socod kor u kac ah ay ku raran yihiin rakaabka iyo ama silbashooyinka bareegga adeegga ugu weyn ama silsiladda wadista rullaluistuyada ee ku xidha mishiinka korantada iyo jaranjarada jaranjarada sare. Kor-mareenada da'da weyn ee aan lahayn biriig farsamo oo caawisa oo si toos ah ugu xidhan sprocket-ka ugu weyn ee jaranjarada, silsiladda darawalnimada oo jaban ayaa ka goysa tillaabooyinka rakaabka ee mootada iyo biriiggiisa. Sababtoo ah badhanka Joogsiga Degdegga ah ee guduudan wuxuu kaliya gooyaa awoodda mootada wuxuuna hawlgeliyaa biriiga mootada, riixitaanka badhanka ma joojin karo tillaabooyinka mar haddii silsiladda wadista jirku jabto; cufisjiidku wuxuu dib u jiidaa tillaabooyinka rarnaa ilaa uu miisaanku ka gaaro xagga hoose.

Hagahan waxa uu bixiyaa hababka badbaadada iyo dhaawacyada ee xaaladaha degdega ah ee kor u kaca mana beddelo tababarka caafimaadka. Tixgeli inaad dhammaystirto gargaarka degdegga ah, CPR, iyo Jooji koorsada dalxiiska ee Dhiiga iyadoo loo marayo Laanqayrta Cas, Ambalaasta St John, ama adeegga caafimaadka degdegga ah ee degaankaaga.

Tilmaamaha la xidhiidha¶

• Dab-ku-dhigid koronto iyo dhaawac-socod socod
• Gurmadka wiishka
• Dad badan oo burburay oo is hortaagay badbaadada
• Dhiigbax daran
• Dhaawaca burburka iyo cilladda qaybta

Ilaha iyo hanuuninta rasmiga ah¶

• Bulshada Maraykanka ee Injineerada Makaanikada (ASME, United States) & Kooxda CSA (Kanada): ASME A17.1 / CSA B44 Xeerka Badbaadada Wiishashka iyo Kiciyayaasha
• Guddiga Badbaadada Alaabada Macmiilka ee Mareykanka (CPSC, Mareykanka): * Digniin Badbaadada Dadweynaha ee Khataraha Gelitaanka Escalator ee Ku lug leh Kabaha Jilicsan ee Xabagta, Xargaha, iyo Gawaarida*
• Guddiga Yurub ee Habaynta (CEN, Midowga Yurub) & Hay'adda Heerarka Ingiriiska (BSI, Boqortooyada Ingiriiska): EN 115-1 Badbaadada Kor-u-qaadayaasha iyo Socodka Dhaqdhaqaaqa: Dhismaha iyo Rakibaadda
• Maamulka Sare ee Caafimaadka iyo Badbaadada (HSE, Boqortooyada Ingiriiska): * Isticmaalka Badbaadada leh ee Kor-u-qaadayaasha iyo Socodka Socodka ee Goobaha Dadweynaha iyo Ganacsiga (Hawl-qaadista iyo Shuruucda Qalabka Qaadista / Tilmaamaha PUWER)*
• Wershadaha Wiishka Qaranka, Inc. (NEII, United States) & Aasaaska Badbaadada Sare ee Wiishka (EESF): * Soo saaridda Wershadaha Wershadaha Koowaad iyo Qufulka/Tagout Buugga Farsamada*