Khoswe Wakufa, Mbewa, Kapena Gologolo Wowola Mkati Mwa Wall Cavity kapena HVAC Ductwork: Kupeza Cadaverine Odor ndi Enzymatic Extraction¶

Khoswe, makoswe, gologolo, kapena opossum akafera m’malo otchingidwa ndi dothi, padenga lotsekera, kapena ngalande ya mpweya ya HVAC, kuwonongeka kwa bakiteriya kumayamba mkati mwa maola 24 mpaka 48 ndipo kumatulutsa kununkhira kotsekemera, sulfure ndi zinyalala kopangidwa ndi rescineol, methyl, methyl, methyl. Chifukwa eni nyumba nthawi zambiri amayika nyambo za anticoagulant rodenticide (which cause poisoned rodents to retreat into dark wall voids near warm plumbing pipes before dying) kapena kusindikiza mabowo olowera kunja pomwe nyama itatsekeredwa mkati, nyama yowola imatha kupanga pansi kuti zisakhazikike kwa 2 mpaka masabata a 6 ndikukopa mazana azitsulo zobiriwira ** zobiriwira (Calliphoridae) ndi nyama ntchentche (Sarcophagidae) ndi kukakamiza utitiri woyamwa magazi, nthata, ndi nkhupakupa kuti zisiye zoziziritsa kukhosi ndi kukwawa kudzera mumagetsi. Ngati fungo la nyama yakufa likutuluka pakhoma, pa bolodi, kapena m'ng'anjo yamoto, onaninso zathu rodent hantavirus kuyeretsa ndi attic biohazard guide, wathu utitiri, nkhupakupa, kapena nthata za mbalame zikusefukira kuchokera ku kalozera zisa,ndi athu gasi wapansi panthaka ndi kalozera wowuma wa P-trap, ndi kusunga kwanuko manambala angozi okonzeka ngati wina ayamba kutentha thupi kwambiri, kupweteka kwa minofu, kapena kupuma movutikira atasokoneza zisa za makoswe.

Osajambula mapepala apulasitiki pamwamba pa mpweya wolowera kapena kupopera mpweya wonunkhira kwambiri mu ngalande yobwerera ku ng'anjo ndikuyembekeza kuphimba nyama yakufa. Mafuta onunkhira amasakanikirana ndi dimethyl trisulfide kuti apangitse kununkha kwambiri kwamankhwala, kwinaku akufufuza ndikuchotsa mtembowo kudzera pamiyala yoyera yamasentimita 10 (4-inchi) kumachotsa 95 peresenti ya fungo la mphindi 30.

Chitani izi tsopano¶

1. Letsani kutayikira kwa gasi, kukhetsa kwa sewero kulephera kwa P-trap, kapena kutenthetsa magetsi poyamba (the 3 dangerous dead-animal odor mimics). Zonse zothandiza mercaptan (added to natural gas and propane) ndi kuwotcha magetsi a phenolic Bakelite (which smell like rotting fish or dead mice) nthawi zambiri amaganiziridwa ngati mbewa yakufa mkati mwa khoma. Imvani kusintha kwa khoma lililonse ndi chivundikiro chotulukira pakhoma lonunkha ndi kuseri kwa dzanja lanu: ngati chotuluka chili chotentha kapena kulira, tembenuzirani chophwanyira chake ** ZIMIMI** nthawi yomweyo. Ngati fungo limakhala ngati mpweya wakuthwa pafupi ndi chitoliro cha gasi, chokani ndikuyimbira foni yothandizira kapena nambala yadzidzidzi.
2. Zimitsani ng'anjo yanu yapakati kapena chowuzira chowuzira mpweya ngati fungo likuphulika kuchokera m'kaundula wa HVAC. Kuthamangitsa chowuzira chapakati cha HVAC kumayamwa mpweya wa cadaverine ndi putrescine wokhazikika pakhoma kapena pobowoleza mpweya ndikuzigawa mchipinda chilichonse m'nyumba. Tembenuzani zotengera za thermostat ON ku AUTO (or turn the HVAC system OFF while you inspect the return air boots and filter slot), ndikutsegula mazenera mbali zotsutsana za chipindacho kuti muzitha mpweya wabwino.
3. Lozani malo enieni a 400-millimeter (16-inchi) pakhoma pakhoma musanadule khoma lililonse pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya magawo anayi (4)Nose Sniffing at Outlets, Blowfly Clustering, Moisture Meter / Thermal Camera, and USB Borescope). Masulani mbale zovundikira za pulasitiki pamagetsi, ma jaki a coax, ndi zomangira pakhoma lomwe mukuganiziridwa kuti (keeping the breaker off) ndi kununkhiza molunjika pampata wozungulira bokosi lamagetsi: chifukwa makhoma a makhoma ali ndi machumuni omangika (400 mm / 16 in wide by 2.4 m / 8 ft tall), malo amodzi omwe ali ndi nyamayo amanunkhiza ** kuwirikiza ka 10** pabokosi lamagetsi kapena msoko wapansi kuposa malo oyandikana nawo.
4. Valani makina opumira amtundu wa N95 (kapena P100), oteteza maso, ndi magolovesi otayira a nitrile MUSANAtsegule khoma kapena ngalande. Musamasokoneze makoswe akuthengo, gologolo, chisa chakufa opanda manja kapena opanda chitetezo chopumira. Malinga ndi U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), makoswe amtchire ndi zida zawo zodyeramo zisa zimanyamula Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS, leptospirosis*, Salmonella, ndi Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCMV), poziziritsa mitembo imakhetsa njala utitiri, makoko, ndi nkhupakupa.
5. *Palitsani nyama yakufayo ndi yozungulira 30 centimita (12 mainchesi) pomanga ndi kutchinjiriza bwino ndi 1:10 bulitchi yapakhomo (1:10)or commercial EPA-registered disinfectant plus pyrethrin insecticide mist) ndipo mulole kuti zilowerere kwa mphindi 10 musananyamule. Kunyowetsa nyama, mphutsi, zitosi, ndi kutsekereza nthiti za fiberglass zodetsedwa kumateteza fumbi louma lodzaza ndi ma virus kuti lisapitirire mumlengalenga ndipo limapha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ( ectoparasites ).fleas and mites) pokhudzana kuti asamalumphire m'manja mwanu pochotsa.
6. Tulutsani nyamayo pogwiritsa ntchito mbano zotayirapo kapena thumba la pulasitiki lolemera kwambiri, matumba awiri onse oviikidwa, ndikuyika mbale yamatabwa ndi bio-enzymatic digester (plus activated carbon bags). Tembenuzani thumba lapulasitiki lolemera la zipi-top mkati ndi dzanja lanu lokhala ndi golovu, gwira nyama yanyama ndi zotchingira za fiberglass zothira, kokerani chikwamacho kumbali yakumanja pamwamba pa zinthuzo, ndikuzisindikiziranso mkati mwachikwama china, ndikuchiyika mu bilu ya zinyalala panja. Thirani pansi mbale yothimbirira yamatabwa (sole plate) mkati mwa khoma ndi protease/lipase bio-enzymatic odor digester (or chlorine dioxide solution) ndikusiya thumba la malala kapena zeolite mkati mwa khola musanasindikize chigambacho.

Mtengo wosankha: Kupeza ndikuchotsa nyama yakufa mkati mwa khoma, denga, kapena njira ya HVAC¶

Gwiritsani ntchito mtengo wachigamulowu kuti mutsimikizire kuti fungo lake ndi nyama yomwe ikuwola, tchulani khoma lenilenilo kapena poyambira, ndikusankha kutulutsa kapena kusokoneza m'malo mwake.

flowchart TD
    Start["Fungo Lalikulu Kwambiri (Zinyalala Zowola Zotsekemera kapena Fungo la Sulfure) Mkati Mwachipinda Kapena Zochokera Kumalo Otuluka"] --> RuleOut["CHOCHITA CHOYAMBA (KUYAMBIRA PACHITETEZO CHA MOYO): 1. Imvani zogulitsira pakhoma ndi zosinthira zotenthetsera kapena fungo la pulasitiki loyaka nsomba."]

    RuleOut --> WhereSmell{"1. Kodi fungo la nyama yakufa limakhala kuti?"}

    WhereSmell -->|"Kuphulika kwa HVAC Floor kapena Wall Supply kapena Return Returns"| CheckDuct["HVAC DUCTWORK KAPENA KUBWERETSA PANNING: 1. Yatsani Chokupizira Chowombera cha HVAC pa thermostat 2. Chotsani ma grill ndi fyuluta ya ng'anjo 3. Wanitsani tochi kapena kamera ya foni pansi pa boot iliyonse ndikuyang'ana cholumikizira cholumikizira mpweya m'chipinda chapansi."]

    WhereSmell -->|"Kutuluka kuchokera Pakhoma Lamkati kapena Lakunja Lowumitsira, Baseboard, kapena Ceiling"| Triangulate["3. Yang'anani nsonga zobiriwira kapena madontho amadzimadzi akuda pambali pa bolodi 4. Jambulani pansi 15 cm (6 mu) pa drywall ndi kamera yotentha kapena mita ya chinyezi."]

    CheckDuct --> Reachable{"2. Kodi mungathe kuwona kapena kufika pamtembowo kudzera pansalu yotsegulira yomwe ilipo, denga lapansi, kapena chodulira chaching'ono?"}
    Triangulate --> Reachable

    Reachable -->|"INDE: Ili mkati mwa Specific Stud Bay kapena Duct Boot"| CutAndPull["KUCHOKERA KWA THUPI (KUMACHOTSA 95% YA KUNUNUKA MU 30 MIN): 1. Valani chigoba cha N95, magalasi, ndi magolovesi a nitrile 2. Lembani dzenje la 10 mm (3/8 mu) loyang'ana pa borescope ya USB kuti mutsimikizire 3. Dulani 10 x 5-4 digiri yowuma mu lalikulu masentimita 4 4. Chifunga chokhala ndi 1:10 bulichi ndi mankhwala ophera tizirombo, dikirani kwa mphindi 10, nyama ya matumba awiri ndi zotsekera zonyowa, ndi kupopera nkhuni ndi bio-enzymatic digester."]

    Reachable -->|"NO: Kukwiriridwa Kuseri kwa Tile Shower, Konkriti Slab, kapena Subfloor Yosafikirika"| InPlace["KUKOKEZERA KWA CHEMICAL M'MALO: 1. Boolani mabowo 6 mm (1/4 mu) jekeseni pansi podutsa mbale."]

Chemistry ndi nthawi yakuwonongeka: Momwe mungadziwire zomwe zafa komanso masiku angati atsalira¶

Kumvetsetsa momwe thupi limanenera nthawi ya fungo limakuuzani nthawi yomweyo ngati mukuchita ndi 20-gram mbewa ya m'nyumba yomwe idzauma pakadutsa masiku 7 kapena a 600-gram gologolo kapena 4-kilogram raccoon yomwe imawola kwa milungu 6 pokhapokha itachotsedwa:

Chifukwa Chake Kusindikiza Mabotolo Opanda Mpweya * Popanda * Kuchotsa Mtembo Waukulu Kutha Kuwotcha¶

1. Kufalikira kwa Gasi Kudzera mu Gypsum Yosapentidwa: Yosapentidwa 13-millimeter (1/2-inch) gypsum drywall mkati mwa chipinda kapena kuseri kwa zikwangwani zoyambira zimatha kulowa m'mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono osasunthika a sulfure (methanethiol ndi hydrogen sulfide).
2. Kutchera Chinyezi Kumatalikitsa Kuwonongeka: Koswe yakufa imasiya kununkhiza kokha pamene minofu yake* yasiya (dry out into a hard mummy)** kotero kuti mabakiteriya a anaerobic sangathenso kudya. Kusindikiza pakhoma lonyowa potseka mpweya kumachepetsa kutuluka kwa nthunzi, kutambasula nthawi yowumitsa kwa masiku 10 mpaka masabata anayi.
3. Lamulo Lotulutsa Potulutsa Kaye: Nthawi zonse pezani ndikuchotsa mtembo uliwonse waukulu kuposa mbewa (or any mouse you can reach via a small baseboard cut behind a sofa). Ngati mbewa yaying'ono ndi yosafikirika kuseri kwa makabati akukhitchini kapena matailosi osambira, sindikizani mbali yokhalamo (baseboards and outlet gaskets) mukubowola kabowo kakang'ono kolowera kuchokera ku chipinda chapansi chopanda zotchinga kapena mbali yachipinda chapamwamba chodzaza ndi machubu a kaboni kuti chinyontho chichoke m'malo okhala.

Pang'onopang'ono: Momwe mungadziwire malo enieni a 5-centimeter (2-inchi) mkati mwakhoma osangoganizira¶

Pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya makoswe omwe amafera mkati mwa khoma amakhala m'modzi mwa **madontho awiri enieni a anatomical **: - Malo A (80% yamilandu): Kukhala pamwamba pomwe pansi pamatabwa 38 x 89 mm (2x4) mbale yokha (the bottom 5 to 10 centimeters / 2 to 4 inches of the wall right behind the wooden baseboard trim), pomwe nyamayo inkakwawira padzenje lawaya/paipi kapena kugwera pansi kuchokera pachipinda chapamwamba pakati pa mapepala owuma. - Malo B (15% ya milandu): Atakhala pamwamba pa chotchinga chopingasa chapakati pa khoma (noggin), mutu wazenera, kapena bokosi lamagetsi (35 centimeters / 14 inches off the floor).

WHERE RODENTS DIE INSIDE A WALL CAVITY AND HOW TO CUT A 45-DEGREE BEVELED PATCH:

   [Attic Top Plate] ===(Hole Around Plumbing Pipe / Romex Wire)===
        ||                                              ||
        ||  <-- (Squirrel or Rat Falls Down Stud Bay    ||
        ||       Between Smooth Drywall Sheets)         ||
        ||                                              ||
        ||       +------------------------------+       ||
        ||       | Cut 10x10 cm (4x4 in) Patch  |       ||
        ||       | at 45-DEGREE INWARD BEVEL    |       ||
        ||       | (So Plug Cannot Push Through)|       ||
        ||       +------------------------------+       ||
        ||       [ *** CARCASS RESTS HERE *** ]         ||
   [Bottom Wood 2x4 Sole Plate (5 cm / 2 in Above Floor)]
   ================================================================

Gawo 1: Mayeso a Electrical Box ndi Baseboard Sniff Test (Isolates the Exact 400 mm / 16-Inch Stud Bay)¶

1. Zimitsani chotchinga chamagetsi pazipata zomwe zili pakhoma lomwe mukukayikira ndikuchotsa mbale zovundikira zapulasitiki kuchokera pamagetsi aliwonse, chosinthira chowunikira, ndi jack chingwe mbali zonse za khoma.
2. Tengani mpweya wabwino katatu panja (or sniff clean cotton fabric / coffee grounds for 10 seconds to reset olfactory fatigue), kenako ikani mphuno yanu 1 centimeter (0.5 inch) kuchokera kusiyana pakati pa bokosi lamagetsi ndi drywall pamalo aliwonse (and around plumbing pipe escutcheons). Malo a stud Bay omwe ali ndi makoswe akufa adzagunda mphuno mwanu ndi mpweya wokhazikika wa cadaverine.

Khwerero 2: Tsatirani Ziphuphuzo Ndikuyang'ana Zizindikiro Zotentha / Zonyowa¶

1. ** Onerani Komwe Ntchentche Zimayenda (Not Where They Fly):** Ntchentche zazikuluzikulu zimauluka n’kuloza pa mawindo a dzuwa, amene sasonyeza kumene mtembowo uli. M'malo mwake, yang'anani ntchentche zoyenda pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zangotuluka kumene zomwe zikukwawa kuchokera pansi pa gawo linalake la bolodi, m'mphepete mwa kapeti, kapena mphete yowunikira padenga, kapena yang'anani tinthu tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono ta bulauni m'mphepete mwa kapeti.
2. Jambulani Pansi pa Masentimita 15 (Ma mainchesi 6) Pakhoma ndi Pinless Moisture Meter kapena Smartphone Thermal Camera (FLIR): Kwa masiku awiri kapena asanu ndi limodzi oyambirira pambuyo pa imfa, kuwonongeka kwa bakiteriya ndi mphutsi m’kati mwa makoswe kapena nyama ya gologolo (plus pooling body fluids soaking into the back paper of the drywall) pangani malo **1 to 3 degree Celsius (2 to 5 degree Fahrenheit) malo otentha ** pa kamera ya infrared ndi 5 to 15 percent higher moisture reading pa mita yopanda pini pamwamba pa sill mbale yamatabwa.

Gawo 3: Tsimikizirani ndi USB Smartphone Borescope (Endoscope Camera) Kudzera mwa 8-Millimeter (5/16-Inch) Bowo¶

1. Yesani masentimita 10 (4 mainchesi) kuchokera pansi (just above the 38-millimeter / 1.5-inch thick wooden bottom sole plate) mkatikati mwa malo omwe akuganiziridwa kuti stud bay.
2. Dulani imodzi 8- to 10-millimeter (5/16- to 3/8-inch) dzenje kupyolera mu 13-millimeter (1/2-inch) gypsum drywall yokha (wrap tape on your drill bit 16 millimeters / 5/8 inch from the tip as a depth stop so you cannot hit electrical wires or PEX pipes).
3. Lowetsani ** kamera yosinthika ya borescope ya LED ** mu dzenje ndikuyang'ana kumanzere ndi kumanja m'mbali mwa mbale ya pansi yamatabwa (pushing fiberglass batt upward slightly with a wire hook if needed).

Pang'onopang'ono: Kudula a 45-degree chigamba cholowera padenga la beveled (The self-supporting plug cut)¶

Mukatsimikizira kuti ndi stud bay yomwe yanyamula mtembo, gwiritsani ntchito dzanja Drywall Keyhole Saw (Jab Saw) kupanga **45-degree beveled "dzungu-lid" pulagi kudula **:

1. Jambulani a 10 x 10 centimeter (4 x 4 inch) Square pa Drywall (Centered 8 Centimeters / 3 Inches Above the Baseboard): Ngati khoma lanu lili lalitali 10- to 15-centimeter (4- to 6-inch) matabwa a boardboard, jambulani mzere wapamwamba wa caulk ndi mpeni wothandiza, chotsani pang'onopang'ono gawolo la bolodi lamatabwa, ndikudula dzenje lanu lolowera ** molunjika kuseri kwa bolodi loyambira ** kotero kuti zero zowuma padenga zimafunika pambuyo pake.
2. Gwirani Tsamba Lanu la Drywall Jab Saw pa a 45-Degree Inward Angle Kumbali Zinayi Zonse za Mbalame: Konzani chogwirira cha macheka kunja 45 degrees choncho mpeniwo umalozera mkati chapakati pa bwalo (just like carving the top lid of a pumpkin), ndipo adawona mozama (only 15 millimeters / 0.6 inches deep) m’mizere inayi yonse.
3. ** Tulutsani Pulagi ya Beveled Drywall ndikuyiyika Kumbali:** Chifukwa m'mphepete zonse zinayi za square cutout ndi zopindika. 45 degrees, mukasindikizanso chidutswa chomwecho cha drywall mu dzenje lophatikizana (spackle) mutachotsa mtembo, mapewa opindika amayimitsa pulagi ndi khoma pamwamba pake popanda zomangira zamatabwa zofunika.

Kutulutsa kotetezeka, kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi fungo la neutralization chemistry¶

Kuchotsa mtembo wathupi kumachotsa 85 mpaka 95 peresenti ya fungo nthawi yomweyo, ndikuchiza madzimadzi amthupi omwe amawaviika mu mbale yapansi ya pine (sole plate) amachotsa 5 otsala 15 peresenti:

1. Kuchotsa ndi Kuchotsa Zowonongeka Zowonongeka: Kuvala N95 yopumira, magalasi, ndi magolovesi a nitrile, nkhungu ya nyama, mphutsi, zitosi, ndi zotchingira za fiberglass zozungulira mkati mwa khoma ndi 1:10 yankho la bleach la m'nyumba (1 part bleach to 9 parts water) kapena mankhwala opha tizilombo olembetsedwa ndi EPA (plus a 1-second spritz of pyrethrin crawling-insect spray). Dikirani Mphindi 10 zonse, kenaka kwezani mtembowo pogwiritsa ntchito mbano zotayirapo kapena thumba la mufiriji lopindika. Tulutsani ndi thumba kawiri chilichonse chotchinga cha fiberglass mkati 20 centimeters (8 inches) amene amamwa madzi a m'thupi, n'kulowetsamo magalasi abwino a fiberglass.
2. Kukhutitsa Madontho a Wood ndi Bio-Enzymatic Odor Eliminator (Protease + Lipase + Bacillus Spores): Chopukuta choyamba cha bulichi chikawuma kwa mphindi 20, tsitsani pansi mbale yothimbirira ndi m'mphepete mwa pepala lopukutira mkati mwabowo ndi bizinesi yamalonda ya bio-enzymatic odor digester (such as Bac-Out, Nature's Miracle, Earth Care, or Thornell Odorcide). Bacillus spores ndi ma enzymes a protease/lipase amayanika m'mabowo amitengo yaiwisi ndikugaya cadaverine, putrescine, ndi mafuta acids kukhala carbon dioxide ndi madzi opanda fungo.
3. ** Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) ndi Zikwama za Mpweya za Mpweya:** Pamanunkhidwe oopsa, ikani Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) thumba la nthunzi mkati mwabowo kuti lipangitse mamolekyu a sulfure ndi nayitrogeni, ndikusiya 200-gram mesh thumba la virgin coconut-shell Activated Carbon (activated charcoal) kapena ma granules a Zeolite pamtengo wapansi wamatabwa musanatseke chigamba chowuma.

Nambala zadzidzidzi m'madera, mabungwe azaumoyo aboma, ndi njira zotsatsira matenda oyambitsidwa ndi ma vector¶

• United States ndi Canada:
• Zowopsa Zachipatala (911) ndi Poizoni Hotlines: Imbani 911 ngati wina akudwala kupuma pang'ono, kutsokomola, kapena kutentha thupi kwambiri patadutsa milungu 1 mpaka 6 mutatsuka mitembo ya makoswe kapena zisa (Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome - HPS). Kuti mudye nyambo ya rodenticide ndi mwana kapena chiweto, imbani US Poison Control (1-800-222-1222), ASPCA Animal Poison Control (1-888-426-4435), kapena Canada Poizoni (1-844-764-7669).
• CDC ndi PHAC Wet-Clean Protocol: Osasesa kapena kusesa zitosi za makoswe kapena zisa; valani magolovesi a nitrile ndi chopumira chopumira cha N95/P100, kupoperani mitembo ndi zitosi ndi 1:10 bulitchi yapakhomo, ndi zilowerereni kwa mphindi 10 musanayambe kunyamula kawiri.
• United Kingdom:
• Zothandizira Zadzidzidzi (999 / NHS 111): Imbani NHS 111 (kapena 999) ngati mukudwala malungo ngati chimfine, mutu, kapena jaundice mutagwira mitembo ya makoswe (Weil's disease / Leptospirosis, yotsatiridwa ndi UKHSA). Khonsolo yakumalo Madipatimenti a Zaumoyo wa Zachilengedwe ndi British Pest Control Association (BPCA) akatswiri amawongolera makoswe movomerezeka pansi pa Prevention of Damage by Pests Act 1949.
• European Union:
• Nambala Yadzidzidzi: Imbani 112 kudutsa EU. Pansi pa ECDC ndi Robert Koch Institute (RKI - Germany) malangizo a Puumala ndi Dobrava hantaviruses (transmitted by bank voles and yellow-necked mice), valani chopumira cha FFP2 kapena FFP3 ndi magolovesi otaya, lowetsani mpweya kwa mphindi 30, ndi kunyowetsa mitembo ndi zisa zonse ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo musanatayidwe.
• Australia, New Zealand, ndi Asia-Pacific:
• ** Australia ndi New Zealand (000 / 111)**: Native brushtail and ringtail possums zomwe zimafera mkati mwa zibowo za denga kapena makoma ziyenera kuchotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito P2 respirator PPE, magolovesi, ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tipewe Leptospirosis ndi infestations zazikulu (live possums are protected under state wildlife laws and must be relocated via one-way exit doors).
• ** India ndi Asia-Pacific (112 India / 995 Singapore / 119 Japan & Korea)**: Nthawi zonse sungani khoma lotsegula ndi pyrethroid insecticide spray pamodzi ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo musanatulutse makoswe akufa kuti asasunthike Utitiri wa makoswe akum'mawa ndi Surani typhus chigger nthata.

Mafunso omwe amafunsidwa pafupipafupi¶

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mbewa, khoswe, kapena gologolo wakufa ali mkati mwakhoma asiye kununkhiza ngati sindingathe kufikira?¶

Kutalika kwa fungo kumadalira mwachindunji kulemera kwa thupi la nyama, kutentha kwa m'nyumba, ndi chinyezi, chifukwa kununkhiza kumangosiya pamene minofu yonse yofewa yauma (deiccated). Mbewa yaying'ono ** yanyumba (15 mpaka 30 magalamu / 0.5 mpaka 1 ounce) ** imanunkhira moyipa kuyambira Tsiku 2, imafika pachimake masiku 3 mpaka 5, ndipo nthawi zambiri imauma ndikusiya kununkhiza mkati mwa **7 mpaka 14 masiku **. Komabe,* makoswe (300 mpaka 500 magalamu)** kapena **gologolo (400 mpaka 700 magalamu)** ali ndi kulemera kwa thupi ndi mafuta kuwirikiza 15 mpaka 25: akasiyidwa mkati mwa khoma, khoswe kapena gologolo amatulutsa fungo loipa kwambiri kwa **3 mpaka masabata 6** pamene akupanga mazana a ntchentche (3 mpaka 8) kilogalamu)** pansi kapena padenga zimanunkhiza kwa **2 mpaka 3 miyezi** ndikutulutsa madzi abulauni kudzera padenga. Chilichonse chokulirapo kuposa mbewa nthawi zonse chiyenera kupezeka ndikuchotsedwa mwakuthupi.

Kodi ndingasiyanitse bwanji nyama yakufa pakhoma, fungo lamoto wamagetsi, ndi kutuluka kwa gasi wa ngalande?¶

Chongani onse atatu mwadongosolo chifukwa awiri a iwo ndi ngozi yomweyo moyo chitetezo: (1) ** Kutentha Kuwotcha Magetsi Outlet/Sinthani:** Phenolic utomoni ndi PVC waya kutchinjiriza mkati lotayirira, arcing bokosi lamagetsi zimatulutsa zosiyana **"nsomba zowola" kapena "mbewa yakufa" fungo**; Gwirani chotuluka chilichonse ndikusinthira kuseri kwa dzanja lanu: ngati chivundikiro chilichonse chili chofunda, chosinthika, kapena kulira, zimitsani chowotcha nthawi yomweyo. (2) **Dry Sewer Drain P-Trap:** Ngati chimbudzi chapansi chapansi, shawa yosiyira, kapena poyimitsa makina ochapira chauma, gasi wa ngalandezi (`hydrogen sulfide` ndi `methane`) kulowa m'chipinda; Thirani madzi okwanira 1 litre (1 lita) ndi supuni 2 za mafuta a masamba pabwalo lililonse ndikumira kukhetsa: ngati fungo limatha pakadutsa mphindi 30 mutatha mpweya wabwino, ndiye kuti P-msampha wouma. (3) **Nyama Yakufa:** Makoswe omwe akuwola amatulutsa fungo la zinyalala lokoma kwambiri (`cadaverine and dimethyl trisulfide`) zomwe zimakhazikika pakhoma kapena msoko usana ndi usiku ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatsagana ndi ntchentche zobiriwira pang'onopang'ono pambuyo pa Tsiku 5.

Chifukwa chiyani ntchentche zazikulu zonyezimira zobiriwira kapena zabuluu zidawonekera mwadzidzidzi mnyumba mwanga patatha sabata fungo lidayamba?¶

Ntchentche zazikuluzikulu zachitsulo zobiriwira kapena zabuluu-zakuda ndi **ntchentche zowomba (`Calliphoridae`)** kapena yamizeremizere **nyama ntchentche (`Sarcophagidae`)**. Ntchentche zachikazi zimatha kuzindikira pang'ono pang'ono za mpweya wa cadaverine ndi dimethyl trisulfide kuchokera kunja kwa nyumba yanu ndikuikira mazira pa mbewa yakufa kapena pamipata ing'onoing'ono yopita ku mtembo patangotha ​​maola angapo mutamwalira. Mphutsi (mphutsi) zimadya minofu yofewa yomwe ikuwola kwa masiku 5 mpaka 8, imakwawa mpaka mamita 3 (mamita 10) m'mphepete mwa kapeti youma kapena ming'alu ya pansi kuti ipange zipolopolo zazing'ono zofiirira, kenako zimatuluka nthawi imodzi patatha masiku 10 mpaka 14 chilombocho chinafa ngati chaulesi polimbana ndi ntchentche za dzuwa. Ngakhale zili zosasangalatsa, ntchentche zazikulu siziluma anthu ndipo zimatha pakadutsa masiku atatu mpaka 5 nyama ikachotsedwa; chotsani mazenera ndikupukuta ming'alu ya bolodi ndi kupopera kwapakhomo kwa pyrethrin.

Chifukwa chiyani sindiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera makoswe (anticoagulant rodenticide bait blocks) mkati mwa nyumba yanga?¶

Akatswiri odziwa zanyama zakuthengo komanso olimbana ndi tizilombo amalangiza mwamphamvu kuti tisamayikire nyambo zapoizoni m'nyumba za makoswe, agologolo, kapena mbewa zazikulu chifukwa **anticoagulant ndi neurotoxic rodenticides amatenga masiku 3 mpaka 7 kuti aphe makoswe, ndikupangitsa kuti nyama yomwe yakufayo izimva ludzu, kutentha thupi, komanso kusamva kuwala**. M’maola ake omalizira, khoswe kapena mbewa zapoizoni pafupifupi sizimafa panja kumene mungathe kuzitola; m'malo mwake, imabwerera mkati mwakhoma lanu lotchingidwa kwambiri, kuseri kwa zotsukira mbale zakukhitchini, kapena m'mapaipi a HVAC pafupi ndi mapaipi amadzi otuluka thukuta ndikufera pamalo osafikirika. Mkati mwa nyumba, nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito ** misampha yamakina ** (yoyikidwa pakhoma mkati mwa mabokosi osamva tamper) kotero kuti makoswe amagwidwa pamsampha ndipo amatha kutayidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi ziro fungo la khoma, ndikusindikiza mabowo olowera kunja (`6 millimeters / 1/4 inch or larger`) yokhala ndi mauna amkuwa ndi sealant.

Ndi njira iti yabwino yochotsera fungo yopopera mkati mwakhoma mutachotsa makoswe?¶

Gwiritsani ntchito **mankhwala amitundu iwiri**: choyamba, musanakhudze mtembo, ponyani nyama yakufayo, zitosi, ndi zotchingira zozungulira pozungulira ndi **1:10 mankhwala owukira m'nyumba (kapena opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda olembetsedwa ndi EPA)** ndipo mulole kukhala kwa mphindi 10 kuti muphe mabakiteriya a Hantavirus, Salmonella, ndi Leptospira mukakumana. Chachiwiri, mutatha kuchotsa mtembo ndi zotsekemera zilizonse zonyowa za fiberglass, tsitsani mbale yamatabwa pansi pa sill (`sole plate`) mkati mwa khoma ndi **commercial bio-enzymatic odor digester** (yokhala ndi protease, lipase, ndi non-pathogenic *Bacillus* mabakiteriya) kapena **chlorine dioxide (`ClO2`) odor neutralizer **, ndikuyika thumba la mesh la **makala opangidwa (activated carbon)** mkati mwa khoma musanatseke chigamba chowumitsira. Mafuta onunkhira onunkhira amangophimba fungo lake kwakanthawi, pomwe ma enzyme ndi chlorine dioxide amaphwanya mamolekyu a cadaverine ndi putrescine omwe amawaviika mu nkhuni.

Kodi ndizotetezeka kubwereka Jenereta ya Ozone yamalonda kuti muchotse fungo la nyama yakufa mkati mwa nyumba yanga?¶

Kodi **OSATI** kuyendetsa ozoni wotulutsa kwambiri (`O3`) jenereta yochititsa mantha m'nyumba iliyonse yomwe mumakhala anthu, ziweto, mbalame, kapena zomera zapakhomo. Malinga ndi **U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)** ndi **OSHA**, mpweya wa ozoni woyikirapo ndi chopumira kwambiri chomwe chimawononga minofu ya m'mapapo, kumayambitsa matenda a mphumu, komanso kumayambitsa edema ya m'mapapo pamlingo wocheperako womwe umayenera kutulutsa fungo lapakhoma, ndipo mpweya wa ozoni sungathe kulowa mkati mwa chotchinga chilichonse chotchinga chotchinga chowotcha. M'malo mwake, chotsani mtembowo mwakuthupi, yeretsani matabwawo ndi chopukutira chamadzimadzi cha bio-enzymatic ndi matumba a kaboni, ndikuyendetsa malo otetezeka ** HEPA mpweya woyeretsa wokhala ndi bedi lolemera la Activated Carbon filter** mkati mwa chipindacho.

Maupangiri ogwirizana¶

• Makoswe kapena mbewa amatafunidwa mawaya, rodent hantavirus kuyeretsa, ndi chapamwamba biohazard
• Nkhupakupa, utitiri, kapena nthata za mbalame zikusefukira m'malo okhala kuchokera ku chimney chosiyidwa kapena chisa chapamwamba
• Kulowa m'chipinda cham'mwamba, gologolo, kapena kulowetsedwa kwa opossum, soffit yong'ambika, ndi ngozi ya Baylisascaris roundworm
• Mafuta apansi panthaka kapena fungo la gasi la sewero, kukhetsa pansi kowuma kwa P-trap, ndi methane
• Makina ochizira a ozone jenereta osiyidwa akuyenda m'nyumba: edema yam'mapapo komanso mpweya wabwino
• Chikwatu cha manambala angozi

Magwero ndi malangizo ovomerezeka¶

• U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Kuyeretsa Pambuyo pa Makoswe: Official Wet-Disinfection Protocol for Preventing Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS), Leptospirosis, and Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis (LCMV) Panthawi ya Dead Rodent ndi Nest Removal.
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Integrated Pest Management (IPM) for Rodents (Risks of Indoor Rodenticide Carcass Decay and Ectoparasite Migration) ndi Majenereta a Ozone Omwe Amagulitsidwa Monga Zotsutsira Mpweya: Zowopsa Zaumoyo za Ozone Yamkati.
• Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) and Health Canada: Kupewa Matenda a Hantavirus: Kugwira Motetezedwa ndi Kupha Mbewa Zakufa, Makoswe, ndi Insulation Contaminated.
• UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) ndi British Pest Control Association (BPCA): Leptospirosis (Weil's Disease) Prevention and Technical Code of Practice for Rodent Carcass Extraction and Bio-Enzymatic Sanitization.
• Robert Koch Institute (RKI - Germany) ndi European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC): Zambiri Zopewa Matenda a Hantavirus (FFP2/FFP3 Respiratory Protection and Wet-Soak Carcass Disposal Guidelines).