Kuphwanyidwa kwa Skylight kapena Kuwombedwa-Off Padenga Shingles: Safe Mkati Kugwira ndi Tarping¶

Mphepo yamkuntho, matalala akugwa, nthambi zamitengo, mphepo yamkuntho yowongoka, ndi madamu oundana m'nyengo yozizira nthawi zambiri amathyola madenga a nyumba m'malo atatu okwera kwambiri: magalasi kapena ma acrylic dome skylights, masitepe achitsulo komanso kuthwanima mozungulira mozungulira chimneys, ndi *kugwetsa denga zitunda. Pamene matalala a kukula kwa mpira wa gofu kapena nthambi yakugwa ikuphwanyira kuwala kwa pamwamba, madzi amvula, matalala, ndi magalasi akuthwa kapena magalasi akuthwa ndi magalasi akuthwa ndi UV amathira pansi molunjika mchipinda chochezera kapena kukhitchini. Momwemonso, mphepo ikawomba chitsulo chachitsulo chong'anima kapena kung'amba chigamba cha 2-square-metres (20-square-foot) padenga la nyumba, madzi amvula amathira kunja kwa chimney chanjerwa kapena kudzera muzitsulo zopanda kanthu za OSB / plywood, kusungunula denga lapamwamba ndi kuyika padenga padenga.

Cholakwa chimodzi choopsa kwambiri chomwe eni nyumba amapanga pakuphwanyidwa kwa denga ndikutenga makwerero ndi phula la pulasitiki labuluu ndikukwera padenga lamvula, lamphepo, kapena litakutidwa ndi matalala pamene chimphepo chinkachitikabe. Malinga ndi US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), ndi maphunziro a post-storm trauma center, ** amagwa kuchokera padenga ndi makwerero panthawi yokonzekera mvula yamkuntho ndi tarping pambuyo pa mvula yamkuntho ndizomwe zimayambitsa kuvulala koopsa kwa ubongo, kuvulala kwa msana, ndi imfa pambuyo pa nyengo yoopsa **, nthawi zambiri zimapha miyoyo yambiri kuposa mphepo yamkuntho. Chingwe chonyowa cha asphalt, denga lachitsulo, kapena plywood yojambulidwa ndi algae imakhala ndi mikangano pafupi ndi ayezi wonyowa, ndi 3-by-4-mita (10-by-12-foot) phula lapulasitiki lomwe limasungidwa mu 35-kilomita pa ola (22-mile-pa ola) ngati mphepo yamkuntho imachita * 7 ngati mphepo yamkuntho * 7 kilogalamu (mapaundi 150) za kukoka kolowera komwe kumakokera munthu wamkulu kuchokera m'mphepete mwa denga. Podziwa kumanga ** m'kati moyimitsidwa pulasitiki chute ("Diaper Catch") kuchokera mkati mwa nyumba kapena chapamwamba pa nthawi yamphepo yamkuntho, sindikizani denga losweka kuchokera mkati mwa shaft ya skylight popanda kuponda padenga, ndipo kenaka muyike yoyenera ** pamwamba pa-ridge 1x3 furring-strip-strip tarp ** 0 0 0 peresenti ya moyo wanu ndi fupa lanu liteteza nyumba yanu.

Chitani izi tsopano¶

1. **Chotsani aliyense pansi pa thambo losweka kapena losweka nthawi yomweyo, valani nsapato zolimba, ndi kutseka magetsi kuti alowe padenga lonyowa. Komabe, magalasi akale kapena brittle wazaka 15 zakubadwa za acrylic dome skylights zimatha kugwetsa zipilala zazikulu, zopindika za "guillotine" patangopita mphindi zochepa kuchokera pomwe matalala adayamba kuyaka chifukwa madzi ozizira amvula amagwedeza chimango. Chotsani pansi, valani nsapato zolemera ndi zoteteza maso, ndipo tembenuzirani choboolera chozungulira kuti muunikire kudenga ndi mafani mchipindacho kuti ZIZIMA pagawo lanu lalikulu lamagetsi.
2. *Panthawi yamphepo yamkuntho, OSATI kupita padenga; pangani "Indoor Funnel Chute" pansi pa shaft ya skylight kapena denga lotayirira kuti mulowetse madzi mu chidebe cha matayala. Tengani nsalu yolemera **6-mil polyethylene pulasitiki kapena tarp , chokhazikika kapena cholumikizira ngodya zake zinayi mpaka padenga lowumitsa denga mozungulira pansi pa chitsime chakumwamba (kusiya chapakati-masentimita 2) chotsika ngati mita imodzi) nsonga ya pansi pa chulucho cha pulasitiki chomwe chikugwedezeka, ndikupachika cholemera (monga wrench yolemera kapena soketi yomangidwa pa chingwe) pamwamba pa dzenje kuti lita iliyonse yamadzi amvula akugwndi magalasi a magalasi molunjika mu **12lita (32-gallon) ya zinyalala zakunja zokhala ndi thumba la kontrakitala.
3. Ngati mungathe kufika bwinobwino mkatikati mwa kuwala kochokera ku makwerero olimba a m'nyumba matalala atasiya kugwa: pezani pulagi yolimba ya thovu kapena pulasitiki wa 6-mil pakhosi mkati mwa shaft ya skylight. Yezerani kutseguka kwa khoma lowuma m'kati mwa shaft ya skylight, dulani chidutswa cha mainchesi 1-5 mpaka 2-centimita. pinki/buluu XPS extruded polystyrene foam insulation board** (kapena makatoni okhala ndi makhoma awiri okulungidwa mwamphamvu muthumba lapulasitiki lolemera la kontrakitala) 6 millimeters (¼ inchi) yotambasuka kuposa shaft, ikani mmwamba kukhosi kwa skylight bwino kuti igwirizane, ndi tepi kapena sungani kuchokera pansi kuti mutseke mphepo ndi mvula.
4. klzzwxh:0018 * Yendani **ponponse pa denga lamatabwa** (osapondapo pakati pa zolumikizira padenga lopanda kanthu, lomwe lingadutse pansi ndikugwetsa pansi). Kokani magalasi a fiberglass kapena zotsekera za cellulose kutali ndi malo onyowa kuti madzi asafalikire chapakati padenga, ndikuyika pulasitiki yakuya pansi pa bedi kapena ndowa molunjika pansi pa mtsinje wa misomali.
5. Chepetsani mawu ogontha a "mathithi a mathithi" ndikusiya kuwombana pogwiritsa ntchito chenjerero la String-Lead kapena Pool-Noodle. Madzi otsika mamita 2.5 (8 mapazi) kuchokera pabowo la denga kulowa mu chidebe amawomba pamtunda wamamita 2 (mamita 6.5) pamitengo yanu yolimba. Mangirirani chidutswa chachitali cha ** thonje ulusi, ulusi, kapena mzere wa bedi** ku msomali kapena chokhomerera pomwe padonthorera padenga pomwe kumapeto kwake kolemedwa ndi supuni mkati mwa ndowa: kukangana kwapamtunda kumapangitsa madzi kuyenderera mwakachetechete pansi pa chingwe popanda kuwaza kumodzi.
6. *Mphepo yamkuntho ikatha ndipo denga likauma 100 peresenti: kwezani denga lakunja poyendetsa phula PA nsonga ya denga ndi kugudubuza m'mphepete mwake mozungulira nsonga za matabwa 1x3. Osakhomerera kapena kukhomerera molunjika pansalu yathyathyathya (mphepo imang'amba phula kuchokera padenga la misomali ndipo osachokapo mphindi 20 pamwamba pa denga). malo otsetsereka pomwe madzi amvula amayenda pansi pake.

Kusweka kwa skylight ndi tchati chophwanyidwa padenga ladzidzidzi¶

Tsatirani ndondomekoyi kuti mukhale ndi madzi otetezeka kuchokera mkati mwa mphepo yamkuntho ndikusintha kupita ku tarping kunja kokha pamene nyengo ili youma komanso bata.

flowchart TD
    Start["Kuphulika kwa Skylight kapena Shingle ya Padenga / Kuwotcha Kuwomba"] --> WeatherCheck{"1. Kodi panopa kukugwa mvula, mphepo (>25 km/h / 15 mph),<br/>kwakuda, kapena mbava zapadenga zimanyowa?"}

    WeatherCheck -->|"INDE: Mkuntho wamphepo kapena denga lonyowa / loterera"| StayOffRoof["ZOYENERA KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO ZOKHALA PAKATI PAMODZI PANTHAWI YOKHA:<br/>MUSAMAkwere padenga kapena kukhazikitsa makwerero akunja.<br/>Zimitsani chophulitsa denga lachipinda pagawo lalikulu."]

    WeatherCheck -->|"AYI: Mphepo yamkuntho, masana, mphepo yabata, <br/>mashingles 100% youma mafupa"| ExteriorType{"Ndi mtundu wanji wobowola denga lakunja<br/>lofunika phula kwakanthawi?"}

    StayOffRoof --> BreachLoc{"Kodi madzi amalowa kuti?"}

    BreachLoc -->|"A. Kuwala kosweka pamwamba kutsanulira<br/>madzi & magalasi mchipinda"| SkylightChute["1. Chotsani anthu & kusesa galasi ndi nsapato zolimba pa<br/>2. Chokhazikika/tepi pepala lapulasitiki la 6-mil kumunsi kwa<br/>shaft ya skylight drywall yokhala ndi chapakati chogwera pansi<br/>3. Dulani dzenje la m'munsi mu bin ya 120 L (32 gal)."]

    BreachLoc -->|"B. Mashingles ophulitsidwa kapena chimney akuthwanima<br/>kutsikira m'chipinda chapamwamba chapamwamba / padenga"| AtticCatch["1. Lowani m'chipinda chapamwamba mukuyenda pazipinda zamatabwa ZOKHA<br/>2. Sunthani kutchinjiriza konyowa pambali ndikuyika pulasitiki yozama <br/>3. Mchipinda chomwe chili pansipa, boolani chithuza cha penti padenga mu ndowa<br/>ndipo thamangani chingwe cholemera kuchokera pabowo lodontha kupita ku chidebe."]

    ExteriorType -->|"1. Wosweka Mzere-wokwera Skylight"| TarpSkylight["Phimbani Skylight Curb Box:<br/>Chotsani magalasi okhotakhota, ikani plywood 3/4-mu plywood pamwamba pa mpanda,<br/>kulungani 6-mil tarp m'mbali mwa m'mphepete mwake, ndi kufinya<br/>1x3 zomenyera matabwa m'mbali zowalira molunjika (osati denga lathyathyathya)"]

    ExteriorType -->|"2. Ma Shingles Akusoweka pa Denga Lotsetsereka"| RidgeTarp["Over-the-Ridge Batten Tarp:<br/>1. Kokani phula 60 cm (2 ft) PA nsonga ya padenga<br/>2. Manga m'mphepete zonse 4 za tarp katatu kuzungulira 1x3 timitengo <br/>3. Dulani mizere ya 1x3 pogwiritsa ntchito zomangira zochapira ma inchi 2"]

    ExteriorType -->|"3. Kuwala kwa Chimney Chowombedwa"| ChimneyTarp["Chimney Saddle / Rafter Tarp:<br/>Musamadalire tepi yolowera panjerwa yonyowa.<br/>Tanga kuchokera mkati mwa chipinda chapamwamba kupita ku denga, KAPENA bondi wonyezimira<br/>siketi kuti youma njerwa ndi polyurethane/butyl denga la simenti"]

Matrix oyerekeza: kutsekereza mvula yamkuntho mkati motsutsana ndi kunja kwanyengo yowuma tarping¶

Kusankha njira yoyenera yosungira madzi kwakanthawi kumadalira ngati mphepo yamkuntho ikugwirabe ntchito komanso kuti ndi denga liti lomwe linalephera.

Gawo 1: Momwe mungaletsere kuwala kowonongeka kuti kusasefukire nyumba yanu KUCHOKERA MKATI¶

Pamene matalala, zinyalala zotengedwa ndi mphepo, kapena nthambi ya mtengo ikuswa kuwala kwa pamwamba pa mphepo yamkuntho, kukwera padenga sikungatheke. M'malo mwake, gwiritsani ntchito imodzi mwa njira ziwirizi **100 peresenti ya mkati ** kuchokera pamakwerero okhazikika mkati mwa nyumba.

Njira A: "Kuyimitsidwa kwa Pulasitiki Funnel Chute" (Mvula ikamagwa pompano)¶

Ngati mvula yamkuntho ikukhuthulira pansi pa shaft ya mumlengalenga, simungathe kujambula chilichonse pachitseko chonyowa chifukwa madzi otsekeredwa amaunjikana mwachangu ma kilogalamu 40 (90 pounds) ndikung'amba tepiyo kapena zoyambira kuchokera padenga. M'malo mwake, pangani zero-pressure open chute yomwe imagwira mvula yambiri ndikuyiyika papaipi yopapatiza kuti ikhale mu chidebe cha zinyalala:

1. Sonkhanitsani zinthu:
2. Chidutswa cha 4-mil kapena 6-mil polyethylene pulasitiki sheeting (kapena chotchinga chotchinga cha pulasitiki chosambira, chikwama cholemera cha kontrakitala chodulidwa chophwathidwa, kapena phula laling'ono labuluu) chodulidwa 60 centimita (24 mainchesi) m'lifupi kuposa denga lotseguka.
3. Mfuti yolemetsa ** (monga T50 stapler) yokhala ndi zingwe za makatoni kapena mabokosi a chimanga **, KAPENA 19-millimeter (¾-inchi) misomali yofolerera / zomangira zomata zomata zazitali (kumbukirani: tepi sidzamamatira padenga lonyowa, chifukwa chake gwiritsani ntchito zomangira pozungulira matabwa ang'onoang'ono / matabwa. pansi).
4. Chitini 120-lita (32-gallon) cha mawilo (kapena chidebe cha malita 20/5 galoni chomwe mutha kuthira m'bafa mphindi 20 zilizonse).
5. **Makani ngodya 4 ndi kuzungulira ndi kuzama kwamimba **:
6. Imani pamakwerero owuma amkati omwe ali ** m'mbali mwa mtsinje wamadzi womwe ukugwa.
7. Tsatirani kapena gwirani ngodya zinayi ndi m'mphepete mwa pepala la pulasitiki ku nkhuni zolimba zomwe zimazungulira m'mphepete mwa denga la denga, ndikusiya mwadala **pakati pa pepala lapulasitiki likugwedezeka masentimita 45 mpaka 60 ( mainchesi 18 mpaka 24) pansi ** ngati fanje lakuya kapena hammock.
8. Dulani dzenje lakunsi ndikuyika "Guide String":
9. Pansi kwambiri ya chulu chapulasitiki chonyowa, dulani 4-centimita (1.5-inchi) dzenje.
10. Mangani chingwe cha mamita 2 (mamita 6) kapena kansalu ku mtedza wachitsulo cholemera kwambiri kapena wochapira mkati mwa fanjelo la pulasitiki kuti chingwecho chilendewetse pabowo mpaka pansi pa chinyalala cha matayala pansi.
11. Zotsatira: Ngakhale kukagwa mvula yamkuntho yobwera ndi mphepo ya 60-km/h (40-mph) panja, dontho lililonse la mvula ndi matalala omwe amagunda pa shaft ya mlengalenga amagunda mkati mwa pulasitiki yanu yapulasitiki ndikuyenderera mwakachetechete pansi pa chingwe cholondolera mu chidebe popanda kunyowetsa sikweya sentimita imodzi ya pansi kapena mipando yanu.

Njira B: "Interior Rigid Foam Throat Plug" (Mvula ikangoyima)¶

Pafupifupi kuwala kulikonse komwe kumakhalamo kumakhala pamwamba pa shaft yowuma yamakona anayi kapena yoyaka (** yowala bwino **) yopangidwa ndi matabwa a 2x4 kapena 2x6 omwe amayenda kuchokera padenga lanu mpaka padenga ladenga. 1. Yezerani m'kati mwa m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwa skylight drywall shaft pafupifupi 15 mpaka 30 centimita (6 mpaka 12 mainchesi) mmwamba mkati mwa kutsegula. 2. Dulani gulu la 5-centimita (2-inchi) wokhuthala wa XPS foam board insulation (kapena zigawo ziwiri za makatoni olemera a malata omangidwa mozungulira pepala la plywood) kuti agwirizane ndi miyeso yamkati momwemo. 3. Manga gulu lonse la thovu kapena makatoni mkati mwa chikwama cholemera cha 3-mil chakuda cha kontrakita ** ndikumata zomangira zonse ndi tepi kuti pulagiyo isalowe madzi 100 peresenti. 4. Kanikizani pulagi yolimba yosatsekedwa ndi madzi m'mwamba mu shaft ya skylight, ** yopendekera pang'ono ma degree 5 kukona imodzi **, ndikupukuta timatabwa tating'ono zinayi (kapena ndodo ziwiri zomangika za shawa) pansi pa gululo muzitsulo zowuma kuti zigwire bwino. 5. Ngati mukufuna kukhetsa madontho ang'onoang'ono omwe amatuluka pamwamba pa pulagi yamkati mvula yamkuntho isanafike wokwera denga, tsitsani 13-millimeter (½-inchi) payipi ya dimba yokwanira (kapena adaputala ya PVC ya ¾-inch yosindikizidwa ndi silikoni caulk) kupyola ngodya yotsikitsitsa ya pulagi ndikuyendetsa payipi ya ndowa kapena bafa molunjika.

Gawo 2: Kuthamangitsidwa kwa Attic-side leak (The Rafter Trough Trick)¶

Ngati mphepo idawomba ma shingles a asphalt kapena chimney chowongoleredwa ndikuthwanima ndipo madzi akuyenda padenga lamatabwa mkati mwachipinda chanu chapamwamba, mutha kuyimitsa madzi kuti asakhudze khoma lanu lowuma popanda kutuluka padenga:

1. **Yang'anani chitetezo musanalowe m'chipinda chapamwamba **:
2. Valani ** chipewa cholimba kapena chisoti chanjinga ** (misomali yofolerera imayenda molunjika pansi padenga la nyumba yachifumu ndikuyika pamutu nthawi zonse), ** magalasi oteteza **, ** magolovesi ogwirira ntchito **, ndi N95 yopumira fumbi (makamaka ngati chipinda chanu chapamwamba chili ndi fiberglass kapena vermiculite insulation).
3. Bweretsani chowala cha* nyali yakumutu ya LED** ndi zingwe ziwiri 60-centimita-m'lifupi (24-inchi) za plywood 19-millimeter (¾-inchi) ("mawondo") kuti zikhazikike pamwamba pa denga lolumikizira kuti mukhale ndi nsanja yolimba yogwadapo. Osaponda pa zotchingira zapinki/zoyera kapena zowuma pakati pa ma joists.
4. **Kokani kutsekereza konyowa nthawi yomweyo **:
5. Magalasi a fiberglass ndi ma cellulose amakhala ngati siponji yayikulu, yogwira kulemera kwake m'madzi kuwirikiza kakhumi ndikumakutira kudontha kwake m'mbali kudutsa mamita atatu (mamita 10) a padenga la drywall.
6. Kwezani ndodo yonyowa yotsekera pa drywall, ifinyani mu chidebe, ndikuyiyika muthumba lapulasitiki lolemera kwambiri kuti gypsum drywall yomwe ili pansi pake iwonekere mpweya ndipo imatha kuuma.
7. Ikani "Under-Rafter Plastic Gutter Trough":
8. Nthawi zambiri, madzi amvula amalowa m'dzenje la misomali pamwamba pafupi ndi nsonga ya denga ndikutsika pansi motsetsereka 2x6 kapena 2x8 denga la denga musanagwetse mfundo yamatabwa padenga lanu.
9. Dulani mzere wa 1.5-mita (5-foot) wa **6-mil pulasitiki wa pulasitiki ** ndikumangirira m'mphepete mwake kumanzere kwa denga lamanzere ndi m'mphepete mwake kumanja kwa denga lakumanja lomwe lili pansi pa denga lotayira, ndikupanga chimbudzi cha pulasitiki chowoneka ngati U ** pakati pa matabwa awiri omwe amalowa m'madzi otsetsereka apakati 5 ** (20-gallon) tote yosungirako pulasitiki ** itakhala mozungulira ma joists.

Gawo 3: Kupaka denga lakunja (KUKHALA POKHALA Mkuntho ukatha ndipo denga ndi louma 100%)¶

Pamene mvula yamkuntho, matalala, kapena mphepo yamkuntho yadutsa, dzuŵa laumitsa shingles kwathunthu, ndipo mphepo imakhala pansi ** 15 mpaka 20 kilomita pa ola (makilomita 10 mpaka 12 pa ola)**, mukhoza kukhazikitsa tarp yakunja yomwe ingapirire 80-km / h (50-mph) mpaka mphepo yamkuntho ifika kwa masabata.

Momwe mungayikitsire FEMA "USACE Blue Roof" Batten Tarp yomwe siyingadutse mumphepo¶

Ma tarps a buluu amtundu wamba (mamilimita 5 okhuthala) ometedwa ndi misomali yokhomeredwa ndi misomali yawo amalephera pakawomba mphepo koyamba. Tsatirani U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE "Operation Blue Roof") ndi FEMA P-348 njira yomenyera mizere:

1. Sonkhanitsani zipangizo zoyenera musanakwere makwerero¶

• Tarp: Gwiritsani ntchito ** phula lolemera la polyethylene tarp (osachepera 10-mil mpaka 12-mil makulidwe , nthawi zambiri siliva / bulauni / wakuda wolemera kwambiri kapena wowonjezera wamkuntho tarp) wamkulu wokwanira kuphimba malo owonongeka ** kuphatikiza osachepera 1.2 metres (mamita 4, mbali 4) mpaka kupitirira 6 ** kutalika kokwanira * * 0 mpaka pansi * Masentimita 90 (2 mpaka 3 mapazi) Mmwamba NDI pamwamba pa nsonga ya denga.
• Zingwe Zamatabwa (Zomenyera): Mitolo ya 1x3 kapena 2x2 mizere yamatabwa (2.4 metres / 8 feet).
• ** Zomangira **: Dalaivala wopanda zingwe kapena kubowola kokhala ndi 38- mpaka 50-millimeter (1.5- mpaka 2-inchi) zomangira zamatabwa zakunja zophatikizidwa ndi zitsulo zazikuluzikulu zachitsulo/neoprene fender washers (kapena misomali yamutu iwiri ya 8d kuti ichotsedwe mosavuta pambuyo pake). Musamayendetse zomangira mwachindunji kudzera pansalu yansanjika imodzi yokha.

2. Tsatirani "4-Step Over-the-Ridge Roll" Protocol¶

1. Chitetezo cha Makwerero (Lamulo la 4-to-1 Engle ndi 3-foot Extension Law):
2. Khazikitsani makwerero anu olimba, okhazikika pa 4-to-1 angle* (1 unit kuchoka pakhoma pa mayunitsi anayi aliwonse mpaka pa gutter).
3. Kwezani pamwamba pa makwerero osachepera masentimita 90 (mamita 3/3) pamwamba pa denga la ngalande, ndipo mumangireni njanji pamwamba pa makwererowo ndi chingwe kuti makwerero asatulukire chammbali mukatsika padenga.
4. *Nyamulani phula lopindidwa m’chikwama kapena kukokera m’mwamba ndi chingwe MUKAKHALA padenga. Osanyamula phula lofutukuka m’manja pokwera makwerero.
5. Sesani ming'oma yosasunthika ndikudutsa pansonga yadenga (mtunda):
6. Tsukani nsonga zokhomedwa ndi matalala kuchokera padenga kaye (zingwe zotayirira za ceramic zimakhala ngati timipira tating'ono pansi pa nsapato zanu).
7. Tsegulani phula pamalo owonongeka ndikukokera **m'mphepete mwa phula 60 mpaka 90 centimita (2 mpaka 3 mapazi) Mmwamba NDI PA nsonga ya denga pamwamba pa denga lotsetsereka **.
8. **Chifukwa chiyani kudutsa chitunda kuli kovomerezeka **: Mphamvu yokoka imakoka madzi amvula kutsika kuchokera pamwamba padenga. Ngati muyimitsa phula wanu pakati pa malo otsetsereka ndikukhomerera m'mphepete mwa ma shingles, madzi amvula otsika kuchokera pamwamba pa nsonga ** amayenda molunjika pansi pa nsonga ya pamwamba pa tarp yanu ** (ndi kudontha pa bowo lililonse lomwe mwangolowetsamo). Pokokera tarp * pamwamba pa * nsonga yamtunda, zero madzi amvula amatha kulowa pansi pamphepete mwa phula.
9. Manga m'mphepete mwa phula katatu mozungulira mizere ya matabwa ya 1x3 ("Pulogalamu ya Fungo la Chithunzi"):
10. M'mphepete mwa pamwamba (kukhala mbali ina ya nsonga ya nsonga), ikani **1x3 nsonga yamatabwa ** pamwamba pamphepete mwa tarp, ** pukutani nsalu ya tarp molimba mozungulira matabwa 2 mpaka 3 kutembenuka kwathunthu ** (monga kupukuta mthunzi wazenera), ndikusindikiza matabwa okulungidwa mopanda denga.
11. Thamangitsani 50-mamilimita (2-inchi) zomangira zamatabwa zokhala ndi zochapira kupyola mumzere wa matabwa kulowa padenga la ma 45 mpaka 60 centimita (18 mpaka 24 mainchesi). Chifukwa chomangira matabwawo motalika masentimita 2.5 (inchi) pamwamba pa phula lokulungidwa atatu, mphepo sichitha kung'amba pulasitiki.
12. **Kokani taut ndikumenya mbali ziwiri zoyima ndi m'mphepete mwamunsi **:
13. Kokani tarp pansi pa malo otsetsereka mpaka ng'oma yolimba.
14. Manga m'mphepete mwake chakumanzere, chakumanja chakumanja, ndi m'mphepete mwamunsi kuzungulira 1x3 timizere taubweya tamatabwa ndikuzigwetsera bwino padenga.
15. (Zindikirani pa Mimenye Yoyimirira Pambali): Mangani nthiti ziwiri zoyimirira za 1x3 pa pamwamba ya tarp kuti madzi amvula atsike pakati pa ngalandezo molunjika pakati pa ngalande m'malo mopumira chammbali pansi pa m'mphepete mwake. Ngati phulayo italikirana kuposa mamita 2.4 (8 mapazi) m'lifupi, kulungani chingwe chowonjezera choyimirira cha 1x3 pansi pakati pa phula kukhala denga la denga kuti mphepo isawombere pakati mmwamba.

Momwe mungapangire mlengalenga wosweka wokhomedwa kapena wokhala ndi denga kuchokera kunja¶

Ngati mphepo yamkuntho yadutsa, denga limakhala louma komanso lotsetsereka, ndipo muyenera kutetezedwa ndi mphepo ndi skylight yosweka kuchokera kunja:

1. Osapondapo denga LILI LONSE (ngakhale losasweka pafupi ndi loswekalo): Dome za Acrylic ndi polycarbonate skylight zimawonongeka ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, kusanduka ngati chigoba cha dzira pakatha zaka 10 mpaka 15. Mazana a anthu omanga denga ndi eni nyumba agwa ndi kufa mwa kuponda kapena kukhala padenga.
2. **Chotsani magalasi osongoka kapena zitsulo za acrylic kuvala magolovu achikopa achikopa **, kenaka ikani pepala lodulidwa la **13-millimeter kapena 19-millimeter (½-inchi kapena ¾-inchi) plywood yakunja ** molunjika pamwamba pa chimango chokwezeka chokwera pamakona am'mwamba kuti mutseguke kutsutsana ndi mphepo yamkuntho.
3. Pakati pa phula lolemera la 10-mil pamwamba pa chivundikiro cha plywood kotero kuti tarp imakhota pansi mbali zonse zinayi zoyimirira za bokosi lokwezeka la skylight ndikutalikira masentimita 30 (12 mainchesi) padenga lozungulira.
4. **Mangirirani pamakoma okhotakhota kapena kukulunga ndi lamba wozungulira **:
5. Njira Yabwino Kwambiri Yopanda Mabowo: Ngati kuwala kwakumwamba kukukhala pamtunda wa 10- mpaka 15-centimita (4- mpaka 6-inchi) wamakona anayi, kulungani chingwe cholemera cha 5-centimita (2-inchi) cha nayiloni chonyamula katundu chopingasa mozungulira mzere wozungulira wozungulira wozungulira bokosi lozungulira. imangirira mozungulira mozungulira ngati lamba, kenako ikani matumba 4 olemera a mchenga pazitsulo za tarp. Izi zimasindikiza bokosi la skylight **popanda kuyika msomali umodzi kapena dzenje limodzi muzitsulo zanu zonse zapadenga **.
6. Ngati mukuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zomangira: Pindani m'mphepete mwa tarp 1x3 zingwe zamatabwa ndikuzikhomera mu makoma oima kumbali ya skylight curb frame (pamwamba pa denga la madzi) kapena gwiritsani ntchito njira ya Over-the-Ridge yomenyera yomwe yafotokozedwa pamwambapa.

Tsatanetsatane wa zolemba za inshuwaransi musanayeretse kapena kupukuta¶

Musanataye magalasi osweka, ma shingles ophulitsidwa, kapena makapeti onyowa, jambulani umboni weniweni womwe osintha inshuwaransi omwe eni eni eni amafunikira kuti avomereze chigamulo chosinthira denga kapena skylight:

• Zithunzi za matalala pafupi ndi rula kapena ndalama: Ikani tepi muyeso kapena ndalama pafupi ndi matalala angapo pansi (kapena sungani matalala 3 kapena 4 mkati mwa thumba la mufiriji mufiriji ngati umboni weniweni wa matalala).
• Zithunzi zakulowa m'kati mwamadzi munthawi yeniyeni: Jambulani madontho akudontha padenga, matuza opindika a utoto musanabowole, ndi zotchingira zapadenga zonyowa.
• Zithunzi za ma shingle ophulitsidwa kapena zonyezimira pa kapinga: Jambulani zithunzi zong'ambika pabwalo musanaziwunjike pafupi ndi garaja kuti wowongolera aziwunika.
• **Sungani risiti iliyonse ya sitolo ya hardware ya tarps, 1x3 nsonga zaubweya, zomangira, ndi mapepala apulasitiki **: Pansi pa "Reasonable Emergency Mitigation" ya inshuwaransi ya eni nyumba, inshuwaransi yanu imakubwezerani mtengo wa zida zomangira mwadzidzidzi ndi zinthu zochepetsera.

Mafunso omwe amafunsidwa pafupipafupi¶

Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito matumba a mchenga okha kuti ndikhazikitse phula padenga langa popanda kuyika mabowo m'mashingles?¶

Zikwama za mchenga (kapena matumba 18 kilogalamu / mapaundi 40 a dothi la pamwamba kapena machubu amadzi) amagwira ntchito bwino pamadenga athyathyathya kapena madenga otsika kwambiri (pansi pa 3/12 pitch) panthawi yabata, ndipo pokhapokha m'mphepete mwa tarp watsekedwa masentimita 60 (mamita awiri) pamwamba pa nsonga ya denga. Mphepo yomwe ili pamtunda wa makilomita 30 mpaka 40 pa ola (makilomita 20 mpaka 25 pa ola) kapena padenga lililonse lotchingidwa, mphepo yomwe imalowa pansi pa nsonga ya tarp yosamangika imakweza phula ngati parachuti ndi kutsetsereka zikwama zamchenga zotayirira padenga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu omwe ali pansi agwere pangozi; nthawi zonse pindani m'mphepete mwa tarp mozungulira 1x3 zingwe zamatabwa zomangika padenga ladenga (chophimba denga lanu chimasindikiza kapena kusinthira ma shingle ochepawo panthawi yokonzanso).

Kodi nchifukwa ninji kuwala kwanga mumlengalenga kumatuluka pamvula yamkuntho kapena chipale chofewa ngakhale galasi silinasweka?¶

Pamene kuwala kosasweka kumatulutsa madzi pansi pa shaft yake yowuma, kutayikirako nthawi zambiri kumayamba chifukwa cha kulephera kumodzi mwa zinthu zitatu zowala m'malo mwa chisindikizo cha galasi lokha: (1) masamba a m'dzinja, singano za paini, kapena madzi oundana atsekera mbiya yopapatiza yachitsulo (kuthwanima kwamutu ndi kung'anima kwa masitepe) m'mphepete mwa phiri pamwamba pa nsonga yokhotakhota m'mwamba; (2) mphira wa rabara wa EPDM wozungulira gasket pakati pa chivindikiro cha galasi chochotseka ndi mpata wachepa ndi kusweka chifukwa cha kutenthedwa ndi dzuwa; kapena (3) m'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwachinyezi m'chipinda chosambira kapena mpweya wakukhitchini ukukwera m'chipinda chozizira cha skylight ndikulowa m'madzi amadzimadzi mkati mwa galasi lozizira ("skylight sweating"), yomwe imatsikira m'makona a drywall ndikutsanzira kutayikira kwa denga.

Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji ngati madzi akutsika pachomera changa chamoto akuchokera padenga likuthwanima kapena pamwamba pa chumuni?¶

Lowani m'chipinda chapamwamba ndi tochi yowala pamvula ndipo yang'anani mozama pomwe chumuni ya njerwa imadutsa padenga lamatabwa: ngati muwona madzi akuyenda kunja kwa njerwa pomwe padenga lamatabwa (kapena kuwona masana akuyang'ana mozungulira chimney), sitepe yachitsulo yachitsulo ikung'anima ndi kung'anima pakati pa shingles ndi njerwa zomwe zaphulika. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ngati matabwa ozungulira padenga la nyumbayo ndi owuma, kapena ngati madzi akudontha mkati mwa chowotchera choyatsira moto, madzi amvula amalowa papaipi yotseguka (chifukwa cha chitoliro chopanda chitoliro) kapena amalowa m'matope a konkire pamwamba pa chitoliro.

Kodi ndi bwino kusiya denga lonyowa lokha kuti liume lokha ndikakhota denga?¶

Ayi, kusiya magalasi a fiberglass onyowa kapena kusungunula kwa cellulose atakhala pamwamba pa denga lonyowa lowuma mkati mwa chipinda chamdima chamdima pafupifupi kumatsimikizira mavuto awiri mkati mwa maola 48: choyamba, kutsekemera konyowa kumachita ngati compress yonyowa yomwe imafewetsa pakati pa gypsum mpaka denga likugwa ndikugwa; ndipo chachiwiri, nkhungu zakuda ndi zobiriwira (*Stachybotrys* ndi *Aspergillus*) zimayamba kuyika pepala lonyowa pakadutsa maola 24 mpaka 48. Nthawi zonse lowani m'chipinda chapamwamba (mukuyenda mosamalitsa pamajoists) kuti mukweze zonyowa zapadenga, kuboola matuza amadzi amtundu wa latex kuchokera pansi, ndikuyendetsa mafani a bokosi ndi dehumidifier m'chipinda chomwe chili pansipa kwa masiku atatu mpaka 5 mpaka mita ya chinyezi iwerenge pansi pa 15 peresenti.

Magwero afufuzidwa¶

• Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) & U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE): Mafotokozedwe a Kuyika kwa Blue Roof ndi FEMA P-348: Kuteteza Zida Zomangamanga ndi Maenvulopu ku Kuwonongeka kwa Mkuntho.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) & Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA): Kupewa Kugwa Koopsa kuchokera Padenga ndi Makwerero Panthawi ya Post-Storm Tarping and Cleanup.
• Inshuwalansi Institute for Business & Home Safety (IBHS): Emergency Roof Tarping Best Praping: Over-the-Ridge Furring Strip Batten Njira ndi Skylight Protection.
• National Roofing Contractors Association (NRCA): Steep-Slope Roof Flashing, Chimney Cricket, ndi Skylight Curb Waterproofing Standards.

Maupangiri ogwirizana¶

• Kutayikira padenga: kutsekera kwamadzi mkati ndi kuteteza denga
• Kugwa kwa denga, zowumitsira madzi zodzaza ndi madzi, ndi ngozi ya pulasitala
• Mtengo panyumba: kuyeserera kwamapangidwe ndikusamutsidwa
• Zenera losweka: kuyeretsa magalasi otetezeka ndikukweza
• Nkhungu pambuyo pa kuwonongeka kwa madzi: kuyanika kwa maola 48 ndikuyeretsa
• Chipale chofewa chambiri, madamu oundana, ndi denga likugwa
• Chikwatu cha manambala angozi