Kukwera Lawnmower Rollovers, Blade Contact, ndi Kuvulala Kwa Projectile¶

Otchetcha udzu amawoneka ngati zida zapakhomo zapakhomo, komabe zidziwitso zokhudzana ndi thanzi la anthu komanso kaundula wa anthu ovulala ku North America, Europe, ndi Australia monga makina otchetcha udzu, okwera udzu, ndi otchetcha zero-turn radius (ZTR) pakati pa zomwe zimayambitsa zowawa zodula miyendo, kufa kwa ana, kufa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magalimoto. Pansi pa zitsulo zotchera zitsulo za nyumba kapena malonda, zitsulo zolimba zimazungulira ** 3,000 mpaka 3,600 kuzungulira mphindi imodzi (RPM) **, kufika pamtunda wa *300 mpaka 320 km/h (185 mpaka 200 mph)**. Liwiro limenelo, nsonga yopota imanyamula pafupifupi 2,800 joules (mapaundi 2,100) ya mphamvu ya kinetic, yofanana ndi kuwombera mfuti yamphamvu kwambiri m'dzanja kapena phazi katatu pa sekondi iliyonse pa makumi awiri aliwonse, kwinaku akuponya miyala yobisika, zidutswa za waya, ndi zoseweretsa zonga za galu kutuluka pa liwiro la zoseweretsa za galu.

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, makina otchetcha olemera ndi makina otembenuza ziro olemera 250 mpaka 700 kilograms (mapaundi 550 mpaka 1,550) ali ndi mphamvu yokoka komanso yopapatiza. Zikawombedwa m'mbali zonyowa, m'mphepete mwa ngalande, kapena makoma otsekereza, zimapindika pasanathe sekondi imodzi, ndikumangirira pachifuwa cha woyendetsayo pansi pa utsi wotentha kapena kuziyika mozondoka m'mayiwe osaya ndi m'ngalande. Kudziwa momwe mungadzitetezere kutulutsa magazi m'mitsempha ndikusunga manambala odulidwa pambuyo pa kumenyedwa ndi tsamba, momwe mungatulutsire wogwiritsa ntchito wokhomedwa pansi pa chotchera chogubuduza popanda kuyatsa mafuta omwe adatuluka, komanso momwe mungapewere zovuta zobwerera kwa ana zimapulumutsa miyendo ndi miyoyo.

Chitani izi tsopano¶

1. Zimitsani injini yotchera udzu, chotsani clutch ya Power Take-Off (PTO), ndipo chotsani waya wa spark plug kapena kiyi ya batri musanakhudze sitimayo kapena munthu wovulala. Musamafike pafupi ndi chotchera injini pamene injini ikuyenda, ndipo kumbukirani kuti mutamasula chogwirizira chachitetezo kapena kuzimitsa kiyi yoyatsira moto, imazunguliranso * 7 mower kupita kugombe.
2. Ikani pompopompo, kuswa mphamvu yachindunji kapena ulendo wamalonda wa windlass kuti mudulidwe kwambiri kapena kudulidwa. Zometa zozungulira zimadula mong'ambidwa ndi mabakiteriya a dothi ndi udzu. Ngati magazi akuthamanga kapena akutuluka kuchokera kumapazi, mwendo, dzanja, kapena mkono, kanikizani nsalu yoyera kwambiri pabalapo ndikumangirira galasi tourniquet 5 mpaka 7 centimita (2 mpaka 3 mainchesi) pamwamba pa chovulalacho; onani Kutaya magazi kwambiri thandizo loyamba.
3. Imbani nambala yanu yazadzidzi nthawi yomweyo. Imbani 911 ku United States ndi Canada, 112 kudutsa European Union, kapena 999 ku United Kingdom (onani manambala angozi). Nenani momveka bwino ngati munthu wapanikizidwa ndi makina otchetcha ogubuduzika, amizidwa m'madzi, kapena akudulidwa mochititsa mantha.
4. Ngati chotchera kapena makina okhota ziro agubuduza pa wogwiritsa ntchito pamtunda kapena padziwe, zimitsani kiyiyo poyatsira nthawi yomweyo kuti musawotche mafuta ndikuchotsa makinawo panjira ya mpweya kapena pachifuwa. Makina ogubuduza a petulo amatulutsa mafuta amadzimadzi molunjika kuchokera mu kabureta ndi kapu ya gasi pa 400-degree-Celsius-7 muffler-Celsius Gwiritsani ntchito anthu awiri kapena kuposerapo kapena thabwa lalitali lamatabwa (osati tcheni kapena chopukusira) kuti mupendeketse chotchera pachifuwa cha wovulalayo, kapena kugwira mphuno ndi kukamwa kwa wovulalayo pamwamba pa madzi ngati atsekeredwa mu dzenje.
5. *Musatulutse waya, msomali, kapena mwala wopachikidwa mozama m’diso, m’khosi, pachifuwa, kapena pamimba ndi chute yotchetcha. * Khazikitsani chipolopolo chilichonse chotuluka m’malo mwake ndi chotchingira chopyapyala chachikulu (kapena jambulani kapu yapepala padiso lovulala popanda kukanikiza diso) ndi kunyamula nthawi yomweyo kupita kumalo ovulala; onani kuvulala m'maso.
6. Pezani ndi kuziziritsa bwino zala zilizonse zoduka, zala, kapena zigawo za phazi zomwe zaduka pambuyo pokhazikika. Tsukani dothi mosamalitsa ndi madzi aukhondo ngati kuli kofunikira, kulungani gawo lodulidwalo ndi nsalu yopyapyala yonyowa, isindikize muthumba lapulasitiki lopanda madzi lopanda madzi, ndikuyika chikwamacho mumtsuko wakunja wa ** ayezi ndi madzi owumapo amaundana ma cell ndikuwononga kubzalanso opaleshoni).

Njira zitatu zowopsa za ocheka udzu¶

Kumvetsetsa momwe makina otchetcha ozungulira, mathirakitala a udzu, ndi zotchera ziro-zero zimavulaza ogwira ntchito komanso ongowona amawongolera populumutsa mwadzidzidzi komanso kupewa tsiku lililonse.

flowchart TD
    A["Zadzidzidzi Zocheka Udzu"] --> B{"Kodi panachitika ngozi yanji?"}
    B -->|"Kulumikizana ndi Blade: Phazi, Dzanja, kapena Child Run-Over"| C["1. Iphani injini & masamba a PTO<br/>2. Ikani tourniquet 5 mpaka 7 masentimita pamwamba pa chilonda cha miyendo + kuthamanga kwachindunji<br/>3. Sungani manambala odulidwa mu yopyapyala yopyapyala -> thumba la pulasitiki -> madzi oundana<br/>4. Imbani 911/112/999"]
    B -->|"Kukwera / Zero-Turn Mower Rollover (Kutsetsereka kapena Dziwe)"| D{"Kodi wogwiritsa ntchito amapanikizidwa m'madzi KAPENA pamalo otsetsereka?"}
    D -->|"Mu Pond / Canal"| E["Gwirani wozunzidwa nkhope pamwamba pa madzi CHOYAMBA; kudula lamba ngati kupanikizana; chotchetcha lever pachifuwa; yambani CPR ngati simunayankhe"]
    D -->|"Pa Dry Slope"| F["ZIMITSA kiyi (gasi wotuluka pa muffler wotentha); kugwedeza mawilo apansi; makina osindikizira kuchokera pachifuwa; fufuzani kuvulala kwa msana / kuphwanya"]
    B -->|"Pulojekiti Yoponyedwa Yokwera Kwambiri (Mwala, Waya, Chitsulo)"| G{"Kodi projectile inagunda kuti?"}
    G -->|"Diso"| H["OSATIKUTITSA kapena kuchotsa chinthu; tepi chishango cholimba cha kapu ya pepala pamwamba pa diso; kupita ku ER"]
    G -->|"Chifuwa, Khosi, Pamimba, kapena Chigaza"| I["Imbani 911/112/999; kusiya zinthu zokhomeredwa mozama; kuletsa kutuluka kwa magazi kunja"]

1. Kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi ana odulidwa ziwalo¶

Pamene mpeni wopota wopota ugunda phazi la munthu kapena dzanja, sizimayambitsa kagawo kakang'ono ka opaleshoni. Chifukwa tsambalo limazungulira kuzungulira 50 mpaka 60 pamphindikati mkati mwachipinda chaudzu wodetsedwa, limavulaza kuvulala katatu munthawi imodzi mumasekondi 0.1:

• Kuthyoka kwapang'onopang'ono ndi kuphulika: Tsambalo limagunda nthambi katatu kapena kasanu phazi kapena dzanja lisanakokedwe kumbuyo, ndikuphwanya mafupa ang'onoang'ono kukhala zidutswa ndikuchotsa khungu ndi minyewa kutali ndi tsinde la fupa.
• Dothi lothamanga kwambiri ndi katemera wa udzu: Mpweya wa 300-km/h (185-mph) pansi pa sitimayo umayendetsa dothi, feteleza wa udzu, ndowe za nyama, ndi mabakiteriya a polymicrobial (Clostridium perfringens, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, ndi Enteroba marrow) opatsa mafupa ozama kwambiri. zilonda chimodzi mwa ziwopsezo zazikulu kwambiri za matenda a minofu yozama pa opaleshoni ya mafupa.
• Mmene akulu ndi ana amalumikizirana ndi tsamba:
• Kuchotsa chotchinga cha udzu wonyowa ndi dzanja: Wogwiritsa ntchito afika pa magulovu kapena opanda dzanja m'kati mwa chute chotulutsira m'mbali kuti azule udzu wonyowa pamene injini ikugwirabe ntchito (kapena mkati mwa masekondi 3 kuchokera pakusiya chogwirizira pomwe gudumu lolemera la tsambalo likuzungulirabe).
• Kuzembera chammbuyo paphiri lonyowa ndi chotchetchera: Mwini nyumba amatchetcha mmwamba ndi pansi phiri lotsetsereka, lopanda mame m'malo modutsa; Nsapato zawo zikamaterera paudzu wonyowa, amakokera chowotchera cham'mbuyo cham'mbuyo pamwamba pa mapazi awo, kapena kutsetsereka pansi pa siketi yakumbuyo ya chotchetchera chomwe chili patsogolo pawo.
• Kukwera kwa ana motsatira mathithi ndi kubwerera mmbuyo: Mwana wamng'ono yemwe anakwera mosangalala pa chotchera cha agogo kapena cha makolo kumayambiriro kwa chirimwe amadutsa pa kapinga osamuzindikira kumbuyo kukapempha kukwera kwina. Chifukwa chogontha chifukwa cha injini ya 95 decibel komanso kuvala zoteteza kuti asamve, woyendetsa galimotoyo akuimirira mozungulira mtengo kapena chitsamba ndikuthamangitsa mwanayo asanazindikire kuti pali aliyense pabwalo.

2. Mathilakitala okwera ndi zero-turn mower (ZTR) rollovers ndi kumira kwa maiwe¶

Kugubuduza makina otchetchera kapena makina otembenuza zero ndizomwe zimayambitsa **kufa kwa akulu ** kuphatikiza zida za udzu:

3. The Roll-Over Protective Structure (ROPS) ndi chododometsa lamba wapampando¶

Makina ambiri ogulitsa zero-turn mowers ndi mathilakitala ophatikizika amakhala ndi chotchingira chachitsulo chopindika kuseri kwa mpando chotchedwa Roll-Over Protective Structure (ROPS) ndi chilolo lamba wapampando. Kumvetsetsa lamulo lamakina a ironclad lomwe limalumikiza bar ya ROPS ndi lamba wapampando kumapulumutsa miyoyo:

• Pamene ROPS bar YAKHOMEDWA (Yakwezedwa): Inu **MUYENERA kuvala lamba wapampando womangidwa mwamphamvu **. Mu rollover, lamba wapampando umakhala ndi torso mkati mwa makona atatu oteteza omwe amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chachitali cha ROPS bar ndi hood yakutsogolo kotero kuti chotchetcha cholemera sichingakuphwanyeni. (Kupitilira 70 peresenti yakufa pa makina otchetcha opangidwa ndi ROPS kumachitika chifukwa woyendetsayo adakweza bar ya ROPS, adasiya lamba wosamangika, ndikugwera pansi pa bar ya ROPS pomwe idagwa pansi.)
• Pamene ROPS bar YAPITIKA PASI (mwachitsanzo, kukhetsa kwakanthawi pansi panthambi yotsika) kapena pa chotchetcha chachikale chokhala ndi NO ROPS bar: MUMUYENERA kuvala lamba. Ngati palibe chotchinga cha ROPS chogwirira makina ozondoka pathupi panu, kuvala lamba wapampando amakumanga molunjika kumalo ophwanyidwa pansi pa thirakitala yogubuduza ndikukutsekerani pansi pamadzi ngati chotcheracho chikalowa m'dziwe. Nthawi zonse kwezani ndikusindikiza bar ya ROPS m'malo okhoma pomwe mutangodutsa nthambi yotsika.

4. Ma projectiles othamanga kwambiri (ballistic missile trauma)¶

Mphepete mwa nsonga yozungulira yomwe imayenda pa 320 km/h (200 mph) imasamutsa mphamvu ya kinetic molunjika ku chinthu chilichonse cholimba chobisika muudzu:

• Zomwe zimayambika: Miyala, miyala, mtedza wakugwa, mafupa agalu, mitu yowaza zitsulo, zomangira za waya, misomali, ndi zidutswa zosweka za mpeni wotchetcha zimatha kuwombera kuchokera m'mbali mwake (makamaka ngati chishango cha pulasitiki chodzaza ndi masika chachotsedwa pa 9 mita kapena 8 pa sekondi imodzi) (260 mpaka 300 mapazi pamphindi) **.
• Kulowera kwa diso: Chidutswa cha dzimbiri cha masentimita 2 (inchi 0.8) kapena miyala yakuthwa yoyambika pamtunda wa mamita 90 pa sekondi iliyonse imaloŵa mosavuta m’diso la munthu, imaboola chigaza cha chigaza kapena chipupa cha pachifuwa cha mwana amene akusewera mtunda wa mamita 30 (mamita 100), kapena kubowola nkhonya za munthu wamkulu pakhosi kapena pakhosi.

Thandizo la pang'onopang'ono la kuvulala kwa udzu¶

1. Kuchiza mabala ovulala kwambiri komanso kudula miyendo¶

1. Yambitsani malowo kukhala otetezeka kaye: Yatsani kiyi yoyatsira kuti AYI, kukoka plug plug kuchoka pa spark plug (pa makina otchetcha gasi) kapena chotsani kiyi yachitetezo/paketi ya batri (pa makina otchetcha magetsi opanda zingwe), ndipo dikirani mpaka kusuntha kwa tsamba kuimiriretu.
2. Imitsani kutaya magazi mwachangu:
3. Kanikizani chitsa chopyapyala chosabala kapena nsalu yoyera yopindika pa chitsa chotuluka magazi kapena pobowola ndi mphamvu yamanja.
4. Pakudula pang'ono kapena kwathunthu phazi, bondo, mwendo, dzanja, mkono, kapena chilonda chilichonse chokhala ndi magazi ofiira owala, gwiritsani ntchito ** malonda a windlass tourniquet 5 mpaka 7 centimita (2 mpaka 3 mainchesi) (pamwambapa) bala** molunjika pakhungu lopanda kanthu kapena chovala chopyapyala komanso chosakhala ndi thumba lachikwama kapena cholumikizira (chopanda thumba kapena thumba). Limbikitsani chiwombankhanga mpaka magazi onse asiya ndipo zindikirani nthawi yeniyeni; onani kutaya magazi thandizo loyamba.
5. Samalirani gawo lodulidwa (zala, zala, Phazi, kapena Dzanja):
6. Yang'anani udzu wozungulira chotchetcha (osafikira pansi pa sitimayo mpaka spark plug / batri itachotsedwa) kuti mupeze manambala odulidwa kapena zidutswa za minofu.
7. Kuteteza kuziziritsa kwa magawo atatu:
   1. Mangirirani pang'onopang'ono gawo lodulidwalo ndi gauze woyera wothira mchere wosabala kapena madzi akumwa aukhondo a m'mabotolo (osati kuchapa ndi sopo kapena antiseptic).
   2. Ikani gawolo mkati mwa thumba la pulasitiki loyera, lowuma, lopanda madzi ndikutseka.
   3. Ikani thumba la pulasitiki losindikizidwalo mu chidebe chachiwiri chodzaza ndi ** osakaniza a ayezi ophwanyidwa ndi madzi ozizira **. Osayika chala chodulidwa kapena chala chake pa ayezi wopanda kanthu kapena madzi oundana owuma, omwe amaundana mitsempha yamagazi osawoneka bwino kwambiri ndikupangitsa kuti chisanu chisasunthike chomwe chimapangitsa kuti maopaleshoni ena asamangidwenso.
8. ** Chithandizo cha hypovolemic shock ndikukonzekera opaleshoni: ** Iloni wodwalayo kumbuyo kwawo, kuwatsekera pansi ndi bulangeti kuti ateteze kuopsa kwa hypothermia, kuwapatsa **chakudya kapena chakumwa ** (monga adzafunika pompopompo anesthesia kuti awononge opaleshoni m'chipinda chopangira opaleshoni), ndipo atsimikizireni otumiza mwadzidzidzi kuti chovulalacho ndi chowononga mwadzidzidzi. Opaleshoni ya mafupa/microvascular ndi maantibayotiki ambiri olowetsa mtsempha.

2. Kuchotsa munthu wovulalayo atakhomedwa pansi pa makina otchetcha ogubuduza¶

Ngati thirakitala kapena makina otembenuza kapinga agubuduza pa otsetsereka kapena mu dzenje:

1. M’dziwe, m’ngalande, kapena mumtsinje (Kumira kumaika patsogolo chilichonse):
2. Lowani m'madzi nthawi yomweyo ndikukweza/kugwira mphuno ndi kamwa za wovulalayo pamwamba pa madzi. Munthu wokhomedwa chafufumimba pansi pamadzi a 30 centimita (12 mainchesi) a m'dziwe amamira mumasekondi 90, pasanapite nthawi yaitali galimoto yozimitsa moto isanabwere.
3. Pamene wopulumutsa mmodzi amathandizira mutu wa wovulalayo pamwamba pa madzi, wopulumutsira wachiwiri ayenera kuyatsa chowotcha chowotchera, kumasula kapena kudula pa lamba wapampando ndi thumba la thumba kapena zitsulo zopweteka ngati wovulalayo wamangidwa pansi pa ROPS bar, ndikugwiritsa ntchito chitoliro chachitsulo chachitali, matabwa 4x4, njanji ya mpanda, kapena jekeseni wa galimoto kuti akwere pamwamba pa matabwa. Masentimita 20 (6 mpaka 8 mainchesi) kuchokera pachifuwa cha wovulalayo kuti athe kumasuka.
4. Ngati wozunzidwayo achotsedwa m'madzi osayankha komanso osapuma bwinobwino, yambani nthawi yomweyo **CPR kuyambira ndi kupuma kopulumutsira ndi chifuwa cha chifuwa **; onani kumira thandizo loyamba ndi CPR.
5. Pa malo otsetsereka (Moto, kuyaka kwa ma muffler, ndi kupuma movutikira):
6. Zimitsani kiyi yotchera nthawi yomweyo ndipo muwone ngati petulo ikudontha: Ngati mafuta akutuluka mu thanki pa injini yotentha, sungani mankhwala owuma (Class B / ABC) chozimitsira moto choyang'ana pa injini kapena kuponyera dothi/mchenga wonyowa palawi laling'ono la udzu (osapopera madzi a mupope wa m'munda molunjika pa thawe la petulo lomwe likuyaka moto, lomwe limathira mafuta oyaka pamoto wokhomedwayo).
7. Tengani mbali yotsika ya chotchetcha chomwe chagubuduzika ndi miyala, matabwa, kapena zitsulo zamawilo kuti mukayesa kunyamula makinawo, asagwedezeke kapena kugudubuzanso madigiri 180 kutsika pamwamba pawo.
8. Sungani chotchinga chozizira pakati pa thirakitala yotentha ndi khungu la wovulalayo: Ngati 400°C (750°F) utsi wopopera mpweya ukupumira pa mwendo kapena kumbuyo kwa wovulalayo pamene mukukonzekera kukweza thalakitala ya kilogalamu 500, tsanulirani madzi ozizira molunjika pazitsulo zachitsulo/miyendo pakati pa chitoliro kapena pinda pakati pa thabwalo kapena pinda pakati pa thabwa. khungu; onani amayaka thandizo loyamba.
9. Sungani msana mutaukweza: Mukachotsa kulemera kwake pachifuwa, musamakokere wovulalayo ndi manja ake pamalo otsetsereka pokhapokha ngati moto woyaka wa petulo ukakamiza kukoka mwachangu; akhazikitse mitu yawo ndi khosi pamzere ndikudikirira othandizira omwe ali ndi bolodi lakumbuyo.

3. Thandizo loyamba la mabala a projectile othamanga kwambiri¶

• Kuvulala kwa diso kolowera (mwala, waya, kapena thabwa): Ngati munthu amene akutchetcha kapena kuimirira pafupi akumva kuluma kwadzidzidzi m'maso mwake, kusawona bwino, kung'ambika, kapena kadontho kakuda/kofiyira pamphuno kapena m'diso, lingalirani kuti chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri kapena chachidutswa chamwala chafalikira padziko lonse lapansi*** Osapaka diso, musayese kulitsuka mwamphamvu, ndipo musakanize gauze pachikope. Tengani kapu yolimba ya pepala kapena chishango cha diso cha aluminiyamu pamwamba pa fupa lozungulira socket ya diso ndikupita ku dipatimenti yowona zadzidzidzi kuchipatala kuti mukapimitse orbital CT scan.
• Kuboola pachifuwa, khosi, kapena m'mimba: Thirani kabowo kakang'ono komwe kamatulutsa magazi pamphuno kapena pakhosi chifukwa cha waya kapena msomali woponyedwa ngati chilonda chowomberedwa ndi mfuti. Waya wa dzimbiri wa masentimita atatu (1.2 inchi) amatha kuboola pericardium (heart sac), lung pleura, kapena matumbo aang'ono kwinaku akungosiya kang'ono kakang'ono ka mamilimita atatu pakhungu. Osazulanso waya wopachikidwa; kuphimba chilonda pachifuwa choyamwa ndi chosindikizira pachifuwa chotuluka kapena chovala chambali zitatu ndikuyimbira 911, 112, kapena 999.

Malamulo otsetsereka otsetsereka ndi mndandanda wa chitetezo chodzitetezera¶

Tsatirani njira yoyendetsera chitetezo pamakina kuti mupewe ma rollovers ndi kukhudzana ndi tsamba:

• Dziwani malamulo otsetsereka a Walk-Behind vs. Riding Mowers:
• Pa makina otchetcha WOYAMBIRA KUCHITA: Tchetcheni motsetsereka (mbali ndi mbali), OSATI mmwamba ndi pansi. Ngati mutsetsereka pamene mukutchetcha potsetsereka, mapazi anu amatsetsereka motsetsereka molingana ndi chotchera m'malo motsetsereka molunjika pansi pa desiki yopota.
• **Pa thirakitala YOKWERA: Tcherani Mmwamba NDI KUSINSI potsetsereka, OSATANAKE pa malo otsetsereka. Kuyendetsa molunjika ndi molunjika pansi kumapangitsa kulemera kukhala pakati pa ma axles akuluakulu. (Zindikirani: Makina ambiri otembenuza zero sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamtunda uliwonse wopitilira madigiri 10 mpaka 15, chifukwa mawilo awo akutsogolo amalephera kutsika; fufuzani buku la opareshoni.)
• Chotsani miyala, zoseweretsa, mawaya, ndi ndodo pabwalo lonse musanayambe injini.
• Tumizani ana onse ndi ziweto m'nyumba m'nyumba musanatsegule kiyi, ndipo ngati mwana atuluka panja pabwalo, tsekani zotchera ndi injini nthawi yomweyo musanayang'ane kumbali.
• Nthawi zonse muzivala magalasi kapena magalasi otetezedwa ndi ANSI Z87.1+, zoteteza kumva, thalauza lalitali lolemera, ndi nsapato zolimba zachikopa (osatchetcha opanda nsapato, nsapato, Crocs, kapena masilipu a canvas).
• Musamatche udzu wonyowa pamalo otsetsereka, ndipo sungani chotchingira cha mamita 2 (mamita 6.5) cha udzu wosadulidwa kapena wodulidwa zingwe m'mphepete mwa dziwe lililonse, ngalande, ndi khoma lotchinga kotero kuti matayala otchetcha olemera kwambiri asayandikire potsitsa.
• Osadzalambalala Operator Presence Control (kusintha mpando kapena chogwirirapo belo), osachotsa chishango cha pulasitiki chotulutsa chute, ndipo musamayimitse switch ya Reverse-Mow Safety Interlock.

Zodulira zingwe (zowotcha udzu), zodulira maburashi, ndi zowopsa zothira mafuta pamoto¶

Kuphatikiza pa makina otchetcha padenga, zomangira m'manja zodulira zingwe za nayiloni (odya udzu / odulira), zodula zitsulo zodulira maburashi, ndi kuthira mafuta pa injini yotentha zimapangitsa kuti masauzande ambiri aziyendera zadzidzidzi nthawi iliyonse masika ndi chilimwe:

1. Zingwe zodulira zingwe zapadziko lapansi zimang'ambika ndi chodulira burashi chachitsulo¶

Chodulira chingwe chogwirizira pamanja chimapota mutu wake wodula pa 7,000 mpaka 10,000 RPM, ndikukwapula nsonga ya mzere wa nayiloni monofilament kudutsa 350 km/h (220 mph):

2. Kuwonjezera mphamvu injini yowotchera udzu: kupewa kuyaka kwa moto¶

Zadzidzidzi zambiri zowotcha mafuta a digiri yachiwiri ndi yachitatu zimachitika chilimwe chilichonse pamene wogwiritsa ntchito mafuta atha pakatikati pa bwalo ndipo nthawi yomweyo amathira mafuta atsopano kuchokera mu jerrycan ya pulasitiki mu thanki yotchera udzu wotentha kwambiri:

• Chifukwa chiyani nthunzi wa petulo umayaka popanda moto kapena moto: Choyimitsira chopopera pa injini yotchetcha udzu chozizidwa ndi mpweya chimakhala masentimita ochepa kuchokera pakhosi la tanki yamafuta ndipo chimagwira ntchito pa **350 mpaka 500 digiri Celsius (660 mpaka 930 madigiri Fahrenheit kupitirira madigiri 930)-2C, yomwe ili bwino kwambiri. (536-degree-Fahrenheit) kutentha kwamoto kwa mpweya wamafuta **. Ngati kudontha kumodzi kwa mafuta amadzimadzi kutayikira pansi m'mbali mwa thanki pa chishango chamoto, kapena utsi wolemera wa petulo umatsika pachokhacho, mtambo wa nthunziwo umaphulika nkukhala chiwombankhanga chamoto nthawi yomweyo.
• Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani wogwiritsa ntchito akanjenjemera: Podabwa ndi kung'anima kwa chotchera, munthu amene wagwira mafuta otsegula a 20-lita (5-gallon) akugwedezera chammbuyo, akumamwaza mafuta amadzi oyaka moto m'miyendo yake, m'chiuno, pachifuwa, ndi ana oyandikana nawo (*mphamvu yamoto yamoto).
• Lamulo Lotsitsimula la Mphindi 10 ndi Thandizo Loyamba:
• Nthawi zonse zimitsani injini yotchetcha ndipo dikirani kwa mphindi 10 pamthunzi kuti chotchingira chizizire chisanatulutse chipewa cha gasi, ndipo nthawi zonse muziwonjezera mafuta panja panjira yopanda udzu komanso magetsi oyendetsa magetsi otenthetsera madzi m'garaja.
• Ngati zovala zayaka moto chifukwa cha kung'anima kowonjezera mafuta: Lamulani wovulalayo nthawi yomweyo kuti Imitsa, Dontsa, ndi Kugudubuza pa udzu uku akuzimitsa moto kuchokera pakhosi kupita pansi ndi thaulo lolemera la thonje, bulangeti, kapena dothi (kuyendetsa mafani amoto wa petulo kuti aphulike mwamphamvu).
• Ziziziritsani chowotchacho ndi madzi ozizira kwa mphindi 20: Lawi lamoto likazimitsidwa, tsukani khungu lomwe latenthedwa nthawi yomweyo ndi mpopi woziziritsa kapena madzi a payipi yamunda kwa mphindi 20 zonse, dulani mosamala chovala chilichonse chomwe chosasungunuka chokhazikika pakhungu, kulungani chowotchacho mosasamala ndi filimu yapulasitiki yapanyumba yoyera (yoyala motalika, osayang'anani zowuma) 911, 112, kapena 999; onani kuyaka ndi scalds thandizo loyamba.

3. Chifukwa chiyani mabala ocheka udzu amakhala ndi chiopsezo chowopsa cha matenda a kafumbata ndi mabakiteriya a nthaka¶

Mosiyana ndi mpeni wakukhitchini wodulidwa m'nyumba, chotchetchera kapinga chimakutidwa ndi dothi lapamwamba lophwanyika, ndowe zanyama, udzu wowola, ndi mulch wachilengedwe. Tsambalo likagunda phazi kapena dzanja pa 320 km / h (200 mph), limabaya mabakiteriya opanga spore, kuphatikiza * Clostridium tetani * (** tetanus ), * Clostridium perfringens * ( gas gangrene **), ndi nkhungu zamadzi / nthaka, mkati mwa minofu yosweka, mpweya wa oxygen:

• Kubowola kapena kubowola kulikonse kumafuna kuthirira kochitidwa opaleshoni m'chipinda cha opaleshoni kapena dipatimenti yazadzidzidzi, ngakhale kutuluka kwa magazi kunja kutayima msanga.
• Tsimikizirani Tetanus (Tdap / Td) chilimbikitso nthawi yomweyo: Chifukwa mabala ometa udzu amaikidwa m'gulu lachipatala kuti "mabala a kafumbata omwe amatha kukhala ndi kafumbata," wodwala aliyense yemwe sanakhalepo ndi kafumbata m'zaka 5 zapitazi (m'malo mokhala ndi zenera lachizoloŵezi la zaka 10 la mabala oyera) amafunikira kuwombera mwamsanga kwa tetanus toxoid booster (opanda katemera wa GTI).
• Yang'anirani mwamsanga red-streak cellulitis kapena gas crepitus: Mukabwerera kunyumba kuchokera kuchipatala, ngati phazi kapena dzanja lovulala liyamba kufiira mofulumira, ngalande za bulauni zonyansa, kutuluka kwa gasi pansi pakhungu, kutentha thupi, kapena kupweteka kwakukulu kosagwirizana ndi mayeso mkati mwa maola 12 mpaka 48, bwererani kuchipinda chodzidzimutsa mwamsanga mukalandira maopaleshoni ovulala.

Kulembetsa m'manja ** Imani Magazi, Thandizo Loyamba, ndi CPR course ** kuchokera ku Red Cross, St John Ambulance, kapena pulogalamu yopwetekedwa ndi anthu ammudzi imakupatsirani luso lothandizira kuti mugwiritse ntchito mpikisano ndikuwongolera zoopsa za rollover pamene masekondi akuwerengera.

Mafunso omwe amafunsidwa pafupipafupi¶

Kodi nditchere phiri kapena kukwera ndi kutsika phiri?¶

Njira yotetezeka ndi yosiyana kwambiri malinga ngati mukuyenda kumbuyo kwa chotchetcha kapena kukwerapo. Ndi makina otchetcha oyenda kumbuyo, nthawi zonse tchetchani motsetsereka (mbali ndi mbali), chifukwa ngati mutatchetcha mmwamba ndi pansi ndipo mapazi anu amatsetsereka pa udzu wonyowa, mwina mumatsetseretsa mapazi-poyamba pansi pa chotchetcha kutsogolo kwanu kapena mudzakokera chotchetcha cham'mbuyo pamapazi anu. Ndi thirakitala yokwera udzu, nthawi zonse tcherani molunjika Mmwamba NDI PASI potsetsereka (osatinso pa malo otsetsereka kuposa madigiri 15), chifukwa kuyendetsa chotchera champhamvu kwambiri champhamvu yokoka cham'mbali kudutsa phiri kumapangitsa icho kulowera cham'mbali kukufikirani.

Chifukwa chiyani makina otchetcha zero-turn radius (ZTR) ali owopsa kwambiri pafupi ndi malo otsetsereka ndi maiwe osungira?¶

Makina otchetcha zero amawongola ndikubowola mawilo awo awiri akumbuyo a hydraulic drive, pomwe mawilo ang'onoang'ono akutsogolo amakhala osabowoka, osasunthika komanso osasunthika. Wotchera zero-zero akatsika m'mbali mwaudzu wonyowa kapena kuyandikira dziwe la dziwe, kulemera kwake kumasunthira kutsogolo kwa makina osabowola ndikutsitsa matayala akumbuyo. Nthawi yomwe tayala lakumbuyo limagwera paudzu wonyowa, makinawo amataya chiwongolero ndi mabuleki nthawi imodzi, kukwapula madigiri 90 kutsika ndikugwera mu dziwe kapena kutembenukira mozondoka kwa woyendetsa.

Kodi ndingasunge bwanji chala kapena chala chomwe chidadulidwa ndi chotchetchera kapinga popita kuchipatala?¶

Osayika chala chodulidwa, chala, kapena minyewa pa ayezi wopanda kanthu, madzi oundana owuma, kapena kuumiza m'madzi, chifukwa kuzizira kwambiri kumawononga mitsempha ya magazi ndikulepheretsa kuti opareshoni isamangidwenso. M'malo mwake, kulungani pang'onopang'ono gawo lodulidwalo mu yopyapyala wosabala wothira ndi saline kapena madzi oyera a m'mabotolo, sungani mkati mwa thumba la pulasitiki lopanda madzi lopanda madzi, ndikuyika thumba losindikizidwa mu chidebe chakunja chodzaza ndi ayezi wophwanyidwa ndi madzi kuti minofu ikhale yozizira popanda kuzizira.

Ndiyenera kuvala lamba liti pa chotchetchera kapena thirakitala?¶

Ulamuliro wa lamba wanu wapampando umadalira kwathunthu ngati makina anu ali ndi mawonekedwe otetezedwa a Roll-Over Protective Structure (ROPS bar). Ngati makina anu otchetcha ali ndi bar yachitsulo ya ROPS yotsekedwa molunjika kumbuyo kwa mpando, MUYENERA kuvala lamba wanu nthawi zonse kuti mukhale mkati mwa khola lachitetezo ngati makina agubuduka. Ngati makina anu otchetcha alibe NO ROPS bar, kapena ngati mwapinda kwakanthawi kampando wa ROPS pansi, MUSAMAvale lamba wapampando, chifukwa kudzimanga nokha ku makina ochepera a ROPS kumatchinga chifuwa chanu pansi pa kulemera kwa makina ogubuduzika.

Magwero afufuzidwa¶

• Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC, United States): Riding Lawnmower Rollover, Blade Contact, ndi Thrown Object Safety Standards (16 CFR Part 1205)
• American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) ndi American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS): Policy Statement and Clinical Guidelines on Prevention and Management of Pediatric Lawnmower Injuries
• National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH / CDC, United States): Kupewa Kuvulala kwa Scalping ndi Rollover kuchokera ku Commercial Riding Mowers ndi Zero-Turn Mowers (ROPS ndi Seatbelt Directives)
• Health and Safety Executive (HSE, United Kingdom): Kugwiritsa Ntchito Motetezeka Ma Mowers a Ride-On Mowers pa Malo Otsetsereka ndi Maphunziro Apafupi a Madzi (Mapepala Azaulimi)
• Johns Hopkins Children's Center ndi POSNA (Pediatric Orthopedic Society of North America): Epidemiology, Contamination Flora, and Microsurgical Replantation Protocols for Rotary Mower Amputations

Maupangiri ogwirizana¶

• Kutaya magazi kwambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito tourniquet
• Crush injury and compartment syndrome
• Kumira: kupulumutsa madzi ndi kubwezeretsanso
• Kuvulala m'maso: kuphulika kwa mankhwala, zinthu zakunja, ndi zoopsa
• Kuwotcha ndi scalds thandizo loyamba