Xadhkaha shidaalka barafaysan, naaftada jalaqa ah iyo shiidaalka oo qabow daran ku jira¶

Marka matoorku si caadi ah u rumo laakiin aanu bilaabin, ama uu bilaabo oo uu dhinto, subax aad u qabow, nidaamka shidaalku waa tuhun weyn. Biyaha shidaalka ku jira waxay ku barafoobi karaan kiristaalo baraf ah oo xannibaya xariiqda ama shaandhada, naaftadana waxay isu rogi kartaa daruuro ka dibna dhumucdeedu waxay noqon kartaa marka ay samaysmaan kiristaalo wax. Si kastaba ha noqotee, baabuurku shidaalku wuu ka dhammaanayaa iyada oo weli taangiga buuxa.

Hagahan waxa uu sharxayaa labada mushkiladood ee ugu waaweyn ee shidaalka qabow, sida loogu kala saaro baytariga dhintay ama cilladaha kale, siyaabaha badbaadada leh ee lagu diiriyo loogana soo kabsado baabuurka, iyo dariiqyada khatarta ah ee dadku isku dayaan. Ma aha buug dayactir ah. Shidaalku waa guban karaa, ka soo kabashada ugu badbaado badana waa in lagu diiri baabuurka meel kulul ama la waydiisto jiid. Aasaaska gelling ee u gaarka ah naaftada iyo dareeraha DEF, sidoo kale eeg Shidaalka naaftada iyo shiidaalka jiilaalka ee qaboojinta, kaas oo hagahan uu ku dhisayo aragti ballaadhan oo ku saabsan dhibaatooyinka shidaalka ee qabowga.

Hadda samee tan¶

1. Jooji qallafsanaanta haddii matoorku uu qaban waayo toban ilbiriqsi ka dib. Gariirada soo noqnoqda waxay daadisaa baytariga oo waxay ku fatahami kartaa mishiinka shidaalka ama waxay dhaawici kartaa bamka shidaalka naaftada.
2. U dhaqaaq meel nabdoon oo shid nalalka halista haddii aad waddo. Haddii aad ku jirto haad toosan oo baabuurku aanu dhaqaaqi doonin, wac caawimo adiga oo isticmaalaya nambarka degdega ah ee degaankaaga (911 gudaha Maraykanka iyo Kanada, 112 guud ahaan Midowga Yurub, 999 gudaha Boqortooyada Ingiriiska) haddii aad dareento ammaan darro. Eeg nambarada degdega ah.
3. Hubi in uu shiidaalku urayo ama soo daadanayo. Haddii aad si xooggan u urayso shidaalka, arag dareere baabuurka hoostiisa ah, ama qiiq dareento, dadka oo dhan dibadda u bixi oo si fiican uga fogee, hana isku dayin in aad mar kale kiciso mishiinka.
4. Ha isticmaalin holac furan, toosh, timo qalajiyaha nidaamka shidaalka, ama qoriga kulaylka. Ha ku shubin biyo kulul qaybaha shidaalka. Jidadka gaaban waxay sababaan dab iyo khasaare.
5. Diiri baabuurka haddii aad awooddo, adiga oo u rari doona geerash kuleyl ah ama dukaan la jiid jiid. Shidaalka qabow wuxuu soo kabsadaa marka la diiriyo, badiyaa dhowr saacadood gudahood marka uu ku jiro meel bannaan oo ka sarreysa qaboojinta.
6. Wac gargaarka wadada dhinaceeda haddi baabuurka uu qaboow yahay oo aan la diirin karin, oo ku diiri gudaha iyada oo tuubada dabadu nadiif tahay. Eeg oo ku go'doonsan baabuur dabayl jiilaal ah haddii sugitaanku dheeraan doono.

Dhibkee ayaad haysaa¶

Qabowgu wuxuu sababi karaa afar dhibaato oo shidaal oo kala duwan. Waxay leeyihiin sababo kala duwan iyo hagaajin kala duwan, markaa is-waafajinta calaamadda sababta waxay badbaadinaysaa wakhti iyo lacag.

Sida loo ogaado dhibaatada shidaalka ee batteriga dhintay¶

Baytariga dhintay inta badan waxa uu muujiyaa qunyar, daciif ah, ama riixaya gariir, nalal yar, iyo daash madow. Dhibaatada shidaalku waxay inta badan muujisaa xoog, qallafsanaan caadi ah oo aan wax rasaas ah lahayn. Haddii matoorku si degdeg ah u rogmado oo aanu qaban, ka fikir shidaal ama shid.

Haddii ay si tartiib ah u rogmato ama gujiso, ka fikir batteriga. Haddii ay bilaabato, ka dib dhimato dhowr ilbiriqsi ama daqiiqado ka dib, ka fikir filtar xiran ama khadka shidaalka qayb ahaan barafoobay. Barafka wax yar dhalaa marka matoorku ordo waxa laga yaabaa in uu dib u xidho marka matoorku kululaado oo uu qaboojiyo.

Xadhkaha shidaalka barafaysan iyo biyaha shidaalka ku jira¶

Haamaha shidaalka ayaa neefsada. Marka heerkulku is beddelo, hawo qoyan ayaa soo gasha oo uumiga biyuhu isku ururiyo darbiyada qayb taangiga maran. Sidoo kale biyuhu waxay ku yimaadaan shidaal wasakhaysan, saldhig taangiga dayactirkoodu liito, ama roobka iyo barafku dhalaalayo oo ka soo galaya fur xun ama albaabka buuxinta.

Biyuhu way ka culus yihiin shidaalka oo waxay ku dhaadhacaan xagga hoose, meel u dhow meesha laga qaado. In ka hooseeya 0 darajo Celsius (32 darajo Fahrenheit) waxay ku barafaysaa crystals kuwaas oo xidhi kara shaandhada, xadhka shidaalka, ama cirbadeeyaha.

Halka ay ka dhacdo¶

• Qaadista shidaalka ama sharabaadada gudaha haanta.
• Xadhkaha shidaalka birta ee baabuurka hoostiisa mara, gaar ahaan kuwa dabayshu ku dhacayso.
• Shidaalka filter, inta badan meesha ugu horeysa ee cidhiidhi ah ee barafku qabsado.
• Xadiidka shidaalka iyo cirbadaha matoorada qaarkood.
• Luqunta buuxinta iyo daboolka, oo laga yaabo inay barafoobaan. Eeg Albaabka baabuurka waa la xidhay, albaabka shidaalkana wuu xidhmay.

Waa maxay sababta taangiga buuxa u caawinayo¶

Taangiga ku dhow inuu buuxsamo ayaa leh meel bannaan oo yar, sidaas awgeed hawo yar iyo qol yar oo lagu shubo. Haysashada haanta ugu yaraan kala badh buuxa xilliga jiilaalka waa ilaalinta ugu da'da weyn uguna jaban, waxayna sidoo kale kaa tagaysaa shidaal aad ku socodsiiso kuleyliyaha haddii aad ku dhegto. Buuxi ka hor duufaannada, safarrada dhaadheer, iyo habeennada la saadaaliyo inay aad u qabow tahay, oo iska ilaali inaad haanta ku shubto meel madhan.

Qalajiyaasha shidaalka iyo barafka ka hortaga¶

Nadiifinta biyaha ee nidaamka shidaalka, oo inta badan loo iibiyo sida "xadhka shidaalka antifreeze" ama "gaaska qalajiyaha", waxaa ku jira aalkolo ku qasan biyaha oo ka qaada habka shidaalka si ay u gubato. Qaar badan oo iyaga ka mid ah waxay ku saleysan yihiin khamriga isopropyl. Waxay u yihiin matoorada batroolka (basiinka) kiisaska intooda badan, waxaadna ku dartaa haanta ka hor intaadan buuxin. Had iyo jeer raac calaamadda, maadaama qaddarka saxda ahi ay ku xidhan tahay cabbirka haanta, iyo badeecada lagu sameeyay shidaalka waxay dhaawici kartaa mishiinka naaftada, gadaalkuna sidoo kale waa run.

Xadka muhiimka ah:

• Alaabooyinkani waxay caawiyaan xaddi yar oo biyo ah. Ma dhalaali doonaan baraf baraf ah oo hore u jiray, mana hagaajin karaan qayb shidaal oo xun.
• Isticmaalka xad-dhaafka ah waxay dhaawici kartaa shaabadaha, balaastikada, iyo waxqabadka injiinka, qaarna laguma talinayo matoorada tooska ah ee casriga ah ama isku darka ethanol.
• Shidaal badan oo casri ah ayaa horeyba ugu jira ethanol, kaas oo nuugi kara biyo yar, sidaas darteed qalajiyaha ayaa badanaa loo baahan yahay kaliya haddii aad marar badan biyo ka hesho taangiga ama lagu weydiiyo cidda samaysay.
• Haddii buug-gacmeedka milkiilaha uu yiraahdo ha isticmaalin wax lagu daro, raac buug-gacmeedka.

What to do if you think a petrol line is frozen¶

1. Jooji cuncunka Furaha dami oo sug.
2. Move the car into a heated garage if you can. Push it only if it is safe, on flat ground, and with help.
3. Sug dhawr saacadood, ama ilaa baydhka matoorku ka dareemayo baraf.
4. Isku day in aad mar kale bilowdo, adiga oo leh jeex gaagaaban iyo nasasho dheer.
5. If it starts, drive to a garage and ask them to check for water in the tank and replace the fuel filter if necessary.
6. Haddii aysan bilaaban ka dib kulaylka, wac makaanik ama jiid. Xadadka ha kala qaadin dhaxanta.

Naaftada la shiiday¶

Shidaalka naaftada waxaa ku jira wax paraffin. Marka heerkulku hoos u dhaco, dhukayagu wuxuu bilaabaa inuu sameeyo crystals. Barta uu shidaalku u ekaado daruuro waa barta daruurta.

Hoosta, kiristaalo ayaa xannibi kara shaandhada, heerkulka hoosena shidaalku wuxuu noqdaa jel qaro weyn oo aan qulquli doonin, oo loo yaqaan dhibicda shubka. Baabuurta naaftada, kuwa xamuulka qaada, cagaf-cagafyada, iyo matoorrada ayaa dhammaantood saameeyay.

Naaftada caadiga ah ee xagaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inay bilaabato inay daruur noqoto qiyaastii 5 ilaa 0 darajo Celsius (23 ilaa 32 darajo Fahrenheit). Naaftada isku dhafka ah ee jiilaalka, oo lagu iibiyo gobollada qabow bilaha qabow, ayaa loogu talagalay inay sii ahaato dareeraha heerkulka hoose. Tirooyinka saxda ah way kala duwan yihiin marka loo eego dalka, xilliyada, iyo alaab-qeybiyaha, markaa u dhaqan tirooyinka sidii hagayaal qallafsan.

Calaamadaha jeelka¶

• Matoorku wuu bilaabmaa, waxa uu socdaa wakhti yar,kadibna wuu luminayaa oo istaagaa,badanaa daqiiqado kadib.
• Matoorku ma bilaabi doono haba yaraatee, inkasta oo uu si fiican u cidhiidhi galay.
• Qiiq madow ama cad, labalabayn, ama luminta awoodda culayska saaran ee cimilada qabow.
• Shaydh shidaal oo u eg daruur ama dhux ka buuxo marka la saaro.
• Iftiinka digniinta kuleyliyaha shaandhada shidaalka ama biyaha shidaalka ku jira baabuurta qaarkood.

Maxaa la sameeyaa¶

Shidaalka jeelku waa dhibaato kululaynta. Dhukuhu wuu dhalaa marka shidaalku kululaado.

1. Jooji isku day inaad bilowdo, hana xoogin mishiinka.
2. Get the vehicle into a heated building if at all possible. Even a few hours in a garage above 5 degrees Celsius (41 degrees Fahrenheit) usually clears a light gel.
3. If the filter is clogged with wax, it may need replacement. Have a mechanic do this, since diesel systems need to be primed and air must be removed.
4. Once running, drive gently to a station and add anti gel treatment to the tank, then fill with winter blend diesel if it is available.
5. If a fuel is gelled solid in the tank, a tow to a heated workshop is the safest route.

Using additives properly¶

Fuel additives for diesel come in several forms: anti gel treatments that lower the temperature at which wax can block the filter, cold flow improvers, and emergency treatments that you pour into a filter housing. Add anti gel before the cold arrives, and add it to the tank before refueling so that the fuel mixes as it is poured in. Follow the label for dose, since too little may do nothing and too much wastes money. Use only a product made for diesel in a diesel vehicle.

Do not add petrol to diesel¶

An old habit in very cold areas was to mix a small amount of petrol or kerosene into diesel to thin it. Modern engines and fuel systems, especially common rail and direct injection systems, can be damaged by this practice, and petrol lowers the flash point and can be dangerous. Do not add petrol (gasoline) to diesel.

It can ruin injectors and high pressure pumps, and it is a fire risk. See wrong fuel in car for what misfueling does.

What never to do¶

People try quick fixes in the cold that make things worse, sometimes dangerously. Avoid all of these.

• Never use an open flame, a torch, a candle, or a lighter near fuel lines, the tank, or the engine bay. Fuel vapor ignites easily.
• Never pour boiling water on fuel lines, filters, or the tank. It can crack metal and plastic parts, spread fuel, and refreeze as ice.
• Never pour petrol, alcohol, or lighter fluid into a diesel tank or filter.
• Never use a hair dryer or heat gun on a fuel system unless a qualified mechanic is working in a safe, ventilated place.
• Never run the engine in a closed garage to warm it. Exhaust contains carbon monoxide that can kill within minutes. See carbon monoxide and smoke inhalation first aid.
• Never use starting fluid (ether spray) on a diesel engine with glow plugs or an air intake heater, because it can cause explosive damage.
• Never keep cranking after the engine fails to start. Rest the starter and the battery between attempts.
• Never smoke or use a phone flashlight near spilled fuel. Use a sealed torch rated for use around fuel if you must look.
• Never open fuel lines or the filter unless you know what you are doing, because pressurized fuel can spray out.

Starting fluid¶

Aerosol starting fluid is highly flammable and can cause damage to diesel engines with glow plugs or intake heaters, and sometimes to petrol engines with sensors. Do not use it unless the owner's manual allows it, and never use it near a flame or sparks.

Safe ways to warm the car¶

Warming helps most cold fuel problems, because both ice and wax melt at moderate temperatures. The aim is slow, indirect warming, not heat applied to fuel parts.

Engine block heaters¶

In places with long cold winters, a block heater warms engine coolant and keeps oil and fuel from stiffening. Plug it in a few hours before starting, using a heavy duty outdoor extension cord rated for the load. Check the cord and plug for damage, and keep them out of puddles and snow.

A timer can start heating about two to four hours before you leave. Block heaters are not a substitute for treated fuel and winter diesel in very cold weather.

flowchart TD
    A["Engine cranks normally but will not start in extreme cold"] --> B{"Strong smell of fuel or leak?"}
    B -->|"Haa"| C["Get away from the car and call for help"]
    B -->|"Maya"| D["Stop cranking after about 10 seconds"]
    D --> E{"Petrol or diesel engine?"}
    E -->|"Petrol"| F["Suspect water frozen in line or filter"]
    E -->|"Naaftada"| G["Suspect gelled fuel or blocked filter"]
    F --> H["Ku diiri baabuurka meel kulul"]
    G --> H
    H --> I{"Starts after warming?"}
    I -->|"Haa"| J["Drive to a garage, treat fuel and replace filter"]
    I -->|"Maya"| K["Call a mechanic or tow. Do not use flame or hot water"]

If you are stranded and the fuel will not flow¶

If the car will not start and you cannot warm it, treat it as a stranding. Stay inside, keep the tailpipe clear if you can run the engine, layer up, and call roadside help. If the engine will run only briefly, use those minutes for heater cycles rather than tries at driving. See oo ku go'doonsan baabuur dabayl jiilaal ah iyo stuck in snow maxaa la sameeyaa inta aad sugayso.

A generator, a heated tent, or a workshop heater should only be used outside, with carbon monoxide safety in mind. Never run a petrol generator inside a garage, even with the door open.

Prevention¶

A little care before winter prevents most fuel trouble.

• Keep the tank at least half full from autumn to spring.
• Buy fuel from busy, reputable stations that turn over their stock, since water builds up in tanks that sit.
• Gobollada qabow, iibso naaftada jiilaalka, taas oo la isku daray xilliga, oo ku dar daawaynta jel ka-hortagga taangiga ka hor inta uusan qabowgu iman.
• Ku beddel shaandhada shidaalka inta u dhaxaysa buugga adeeggaaga, iyo wax yar ka hor xilliga jiilaalka haddii ay ku beegan tahay.
• Haddii baabuurkaagu leeyahay biyo ku jira iftiinka digniinta shidaalka ama dareeraha shaandhada shidaalka, baro sida uu u shaqeeyo una isticmaal sida buuggu ku talinayo.
• Daboolka buuxinta ku hay xaalad wanaagsan si aanay baraf iyo roobku u gelin.
• Isticmaal kuleyliyaha baloogga ah haddii aaggaagu u yeero mid, oo geli habeennada aad u qabow.
• Garaash dhex dhigto ama meel dabayshu ka baxdo, iskana ilaali inaad baabuurka uga tagto wakhti dheer qabow aad u daran oo taangiga maran ku dhow.
• If you rarely drive the car, drive for at least 20 to 30 minutes now and then so the fuel circulates and the engine warms fully.

Eeg Qalabka baabuurka jiilaalka iyo hubinta gaadiidka jiilaalka ka hor si joogto ah oo buuxa ka hor jiilaalka, iyo coolant, antifreeze and radiator freeze for other freeze risks.

Other cold fuel problems¶

Frozen or stuck fuel door and cap¶

Ice can freeze the fuel door shut, and snow can pack around the filler. Tap the door gently with the heel of your hand, press and release the latch, and use a de-icer spray designed for cars. Do not pry hard with metal tools. Keep the area clean and brush it off before refueling.

Saliid matoor oo qaro weyn¶

Ma aha arrin shidaal, laakiin inta badan waxay ku wareersan tahay mid. Saliiddu way dhumucaysaa qabowga, taas oo ka dhigaysa in mishiinku si tartiib ah u rogmado, calaamaduhuna waxay u ekaan karaan dhibka batteriga. Isticmaal darajada saliidda ee lagu taliyay buug-gacmeedka gobolkaaga, oo beddel saliidda jadwalka.

Dhibaatooyinka matoorka shidaalka¶

Bamka shidaalka ee xumaada ayaa laga yaabaa inuu ooyin, ama baabuurka ayaa laga yaabaa inuu ka labalabeeyo oo istaago marka matoorku qabow yahay ama diiran yahay. Cimilada qabow waxay muujin kartaa bamka markii horeba daciif ahaa. Eeg Burburka bamka shidaalka ama filtarka shidaalka oo xannibmay waddada weyn.

Koronto-dhaliyeyaasha iyo kuleyliyeyaasha¶

Matoorada la qaadi karo, kuleyliyeyaasha naaftada, iyo cagafyada waxay la kulmaan dhibaatooyin shidaal isku mid ah. Ku daawee oo ku kaydi shidaalka si isku mid ah, oo waligaa ha ku shubin wax qalab shidaal gubanaya meel xidhan.

Shidaalku wuxuu ku hadhay baabuur muddo bilo ah¶

Shidaalku waxa uu socon karaa bilo,waxana uu lumin karaa awood uu ku shido,iyo ururinta biyaha. Haddii baabuur uu jiilaalkii dhex fadhiistay oo shidaal ku jiro haanta, ku dar qaboojiyaha ka hor inta aanad kaydin, oo daadi ama beddel shidaalka haddii uu aad u da' weyn yahay oo uu ursan yahay ama dhanaan.

Tayada shidaalka, biyaha, iyo sida uu u galo haanta¶

Biyuhu siyaalo kala duwan ayay u galaan shidaalka, ogaanshaha iyagaa waxay kaa caawinaysaa inaad iska ilaaliso. Waddada ugu caansan waa uumi gudaha haanta oo inta badan madhan. Kuwo kale waxaa ka mid ah roobka oo ka soo galaya koofiyadda buuxinta oo xumaatay, kaalin shidaal oo taangiyada dhulka hoostiisa ay leeyihiin daloolin ama biya-bax xumo, iyo shidaal duug ah oo baabuur ama gasac bilo ku haray.

Fuel stations normally have filters and water detection, but in heavy rain or flooding, water can enter underground tanks. If you buy fuel and the car runs badly within a few kilometers (miles), stop, tell the station, and keep your receipt. Do not keep driving on contaminated fuel, because water in a modern high pressure fuel system can damage pumps and injectors.

Calaamadaha biyaha ee haanta¶

• Orod qallafsan, qallafsan, ama laba-labayn isla markiiba ka dib marka la shubo.
• Joogsiga, gaar ahaan cimilada qabow ama qoyan.
• Iftiinka digniinta biyaha ku jira shidaalka ee baabuurta naaftada qaarkood.
• Dhibaato bilawga roob culus ka dib ama ka dib marka shidaal lagu shubo saldhig gaar ah.
• Naaftada dusheeda, qiiq cad iyo luminta awoodda culeyska saaran.

Haddii aad ka shakisan tahay biyaha haanta, jooji wadista oo geerash ha ka daadi haanta oo beddel shaandhada. Qadar yar ayaa laga yaabaa in lagu xalliyo qalajiyaha shidaalka ee baabuurka shidaalka, laakiin xaddi badan ayaa u baahan daadinta. Ha qiyaasin, hana sii wadin wadista baabuurta haddii baabuurka si xun u socdo.

Waa maxay sababta alkoholku walxaha isku daraan¶

Darajooyin badan oo batrool (basiin) ah ayaa ka kooban ethanol, kaas oo nuugi kara qadar yar oo biyo ah oo ku dhex qaadi kara mishiinka. Tani waxay ka caawisaa qadar yar oo qoyaan ah, laakiin ethanol-ku-darka shidaalka ayaa kala sooci kara haddii biyo badan ay jiraan, biyaha iyo ethanol waxay hoos u dhigaan taangiga hoose. Baabuurta qadiimka ah iyo matoorada yaryar waxay leeyihiin shaabado ay ku jiraan maaddooyinka ethanol ee sarreeya, markaa ka hubi buug-gacmeedka shidaalka la oggolaaday.

Dhibaatooyinka shidaalka ee baabuurta kale ee cimilada qabow¶

Koronto-dhaliyeyaasha, baraf-wadeyaasha, iyo silsiladaha¶

Matoorada yaryar waxay la il daran yihiin qabowga. Isticmaal shidaal cusub, xidh gasacadaha, ku kaydi bannaanka meel daaqsin ah oo ammaan ah halkii aad ka ahaan lahayd guriga, oo isticmaal qaboojiyaha shidaalka shidaalka lagu hayo bilo. Waligaa shidaal ha ku shubin mishiin kulul, hana ku shubin koronto-dhaliye gudaha garaash, qol hoose, ama daaqad u dhow. Dab-dhaliyaha dabka dhaliya ayaa dila dadka jiilaal walba marka ay korontadu go'do.

Heating oil and diesel heaters¶

Saliidda kuleylinta guriga iyo naaftada loogu talagalay kuleyliyeyaasha ayaa sidoo kale dhalaali kara. Haddii aad kuleyliyaha ka wado haanta bannaanka, isticmaal shidaal isku darka jiilaalka oo dahaadh khadka. Haddii kuleyliyaha uu ku guuldareysto xilliga qaboojinta, ha isku dayin inaad ku dhalaaliso saliidda ololka. Wac farsamo yaqaan aqoon u leh.

Propane and gas bottles¶

Propane waxa uu uumi ka baxaa qiyaastii 42 darajo Celsius (laga jaray 44 darajo Fahrenheit), sidaa awgeed waxa ay shaqaysaa inta badan cimilada qaboobaha, laakiin cadaadisku waxa uu hoos u dhacayaa heerkul iyo socodka waxa uu ku dhici karaa heerkul aad u hooseeya. Butane iyo gaaska isku dhafan ee kaamka waxay joojiyaan inay ku shaqeeyaan heerkul aad u sarreeya, qiyaastii 0 darajo Celsius (32 darajo Fahrenheit) ee butane. Ha ku diirin dhalada gaaska ololka, hana isticmaalin shooladaha kaamka ee baabuur ama teendho dhexda. Eeg carbon monoxide.

Daryeelka baabuurta cimilada qabow ee ilaaliya nidaamka shidaalka¶

Dhawr caado ayaa nidaamka shidaalka ka dhiga mid caafimaad qaba jiilaalka dheer.

• U wad baabuurka ugu yaraan 20 ilaa 30 daqiiqo ugu yaraan hal mar todobaadkii, taas oo u ogolaanaysa mishiinku inuu gaadho heer kulka shaqada oo dhan kana gubo qoyaanka.
• Iska ilaali safarada gaagaaban haddi aad awoodo,maadaama injiinka qabow uu biyo ku shubo qiiqa iyo saliidda,wadida gaabana ma nadiifiso.
• Ku beddel filtarka shidaalka inta u dhaxaysa adeegga sameeyaha, kaas oo inta badan ah 30,000 ilaa 60,000 kiiloomitir (20,000 ilaa 40,000 mayl) baabuurta shidaalka iyo in ka yar naaftada. Shaandheeyaha cusub ee dayrta waa caymis jaban oo naaftada ah.
• Isticmaal heerka saliidda uu ku talinayo xilliga qaboobaha, maadaama saliidda khafiifka ah ay caawiso matoorka inuu rogo.
• Haddii aad leedahay naafto leh dareeraha biyaha filter filter, baro sida loo isticmaalo oo ka daadi biyo kasta sida buuggu leeyahay.
• Gudaha dhig ama ka leexo dabaysha marka aad awooddo.
• Haddii baabuurka uu fadhiyi doono toddobaadyo, buuxi taangiga, ku dar qaboojiyaha, oo wad mishiinka dhawr daqiiqo si aad u wareegto.

Sida makaanik uu ula tacaali doono¶

Ogaanshaha waxa makaanigu samayn karo waxay kaa caawinaysaa inaad fahanto biilka oo aad waydiiso su'aalaha saxda ah. Khadka la qaboojiyey ama biyaha taangiga ku jira, aqoon-is-weydaarsigu wuxuu inta badan ku diirin doonaa baabuurka meel kulul, ka fiiri shidaalka biyaha iyadoo la isticmaalayo xirmo tijaabo ah ama muunad, daadi ama daadi haanta haddii loo baahdo, beddelo shaandhada, oo dib u hubiso nidaamka. Naaftada jalaqa ah, waxay beddelaan filtarka xirma, ka daadi shidaalka saameeya haddii haanta ay ka buuxdo jel, nidaamka ugu muhiimsan, oo ay ku buuxiyaan isku darka jiilaalka iyo daaweynta. Weydii shaandhada la saaray si ay u aragto dhukayga ama biyaha, taas oo kaa caawin karta inaad go'aansato halka aad shidaal ka shubanayso marka xigta.

Kharashyadu aad bay ugu kala duwan yihiin waddanka iyo baabuurka. Beddelka shaandhada waa shaqo yar, laakiin daadinta iyo nadiifinta taangi, ama bedelida bamka cadaadiska sare ee biyaha ama shidaal khaldan ay waxyeeleeyeen, waa qaali. Tani waa sabab kale oo aad ku joojinayso baabuurka marka aad ka shakisan tahay shidaal wasakhaysan, oo aanad sii wadan.

Su'aalaha soo noqnoqda¶

Biyo kulul ma ku shubi karaa khadka shidaalka barafaysan?¶

Maya, waa inaadan ku shubin biyo kulul khadka shidaalka. Wuu dillaaci karaa qaybo, oo faafin karaa shidaalka, oo mar kale ayuu u baraf dhigi karaa sida baraf hawada qabow ku jira. Baabuurka u wareeji meel diiran oo u ogolow inuu si tartiib ah u dhalaaliyo, ama ka codso makaanik inuu si badbaado leh u diiriyo.

Khadka shidaalku ma hagaajin doonaa khadka barafoobay?¶

Caadiyan maaha. Xadhkaha shidaalka ee ka hortagga barafka, oo badanaa ah qalajiyaha shidaalka ku salaysan aalkolada, waxa uu ka caawiyaa ka hortagga in biyuhu ay barafoobaan marka lagu daro dhaxanta ka hor, laakiin ma dhalaali karaan baraf hore u xidhay khadka. Diiri baabuurka marka hore, ka dibna u isticmaal badeecada sida lagu faray haddii buuggu ogolaado.

Intee in le'eg ayay qabow tahay inay naaftada u noqoto gelitaanka?¶

Naaftada xagaaga waxaa laga yaabaa inay bilaabato inay daruur ku dhacdo meel u dhow 5 ilaa 0 darajo Celsius (23 ilaa 32 darajo Fahrenheit), iyo shidaalka caadiga ah wuxuu si adag u noqon karaa heerkul qabow. Naaftada isku dhafan ee jiilaalka waxaa loo sameeyay heerkul hoose, xadka saxda ahna waa ku kala duwan yahay dalka iyo alaab-qeybiyaha. Isticmaalka shidaalka jiilaalka iyo waxyaalaha lagu daro jel-ka-hortagga ka hor inta aanu qabowgu iman ayaa ah ilaalinta ugu fiican.

Ammaan ma tahay in batrool ama basiin lagu daro naaftada si loo joojiyo shiididda?¶

Maya, ku darista batroolka (basiinka) naaftada waa khatar oo waxay dhaawici kartaa nidaamka casriga ah ee lagu duro shidaalka. Waxa kale oo ay hoos u dhigtaa barta toosan ee shidaalka waxayna kordhisaa khatarta dabka. Isticmaal naaftada ka-hortagga jel ee loo sameeyay ujeedada, oo iibso naaftada fasalka jiilaalka haddii la heli karo.

Ilaha la hubiyay¶

• AAA (Ururka Baabuurta Mareykanka) hagida daryeelka baabuurka jiilaalka ee shidaalka, biyaha taangiga, iyo ilaalinta haanta buuxda.
• NHTSA (Maamulka Badbaadada Wadooyinka Wadooyinka Qaranka ee Mareykanka) hagida dayactirka gaariga jiilaalka.
• Gaadiidka Kanada iyo Khayraadka Dabiiciga ah ee Kanada hagida wadista jiilaalka iyo isticmaalka shidaalka qabowga.
• Wadooyinka Qaranka (England) iyo dawladda UK talada diyaarinta xilliga qaboobaha, iyo xog-qeybiyaha shidaalka ee darajooyinka naaftada jiilaalka ee Yurub.
• Ready.gov (Mareykanka) diyaarinta gawaarida xilliga qaboobaha iyo badbaadada kaarboon monoksaydh.
• Buuga mulkiilaha baabuurta ee ku saabsan waxyaabaha lagu daro shidaalka, kuleyliyeyaasha xannibaya, iyo digniinaha dareeraha bilaabaya.

Tilmaamaha la xidhiidha¶

• Shidaalka naaftada ah iyo jiilaalka qaboojinta DEF
• Batari baabuurka dhintay cimilo qabow: bood hagaha bilowga
• Qalabka baabuurka xilliga qaboobaha iyo hubinta baabuurka jiilaalka ka hor
• Shidaal khaldan oo baabuur ku jira
• Ku go'doonsan baabuur dabayl jiilaal ah