Mwepụ Cholla cactus na-awụlikwa elu, spines na-egbu egbu na Agave sap na-egbu egbu.¶

Ịsụ ngọngọ n'ime anụ ọhịa bear ma ọ bụ na-amali cactus cholla (Cylindropuntia bigelovii ma ọ bụ Cylindropuntia fulgida), na-ahịhịa n'ahụ na pad nke prickly pear (Opuntia), ma ọ bụ igbutu osisi narị afọ (Agave americana ma ọ bụ Agave lecheguilla) gafee shins gị na ọzara Sonoran, Mojave, ma ọ bụ Chihuahuan na-ebute nsogbu akpụkpọ anụ ma ọ bụ nke biochemical ozugbo. N'adịghị ka ogwu rose dị larịị nke na-apụ apụ ozugbo, ** cholla cactus spines na-ekpuchi ya na obere retro-barbs.retrorse harpoon scales)** nke na-agbapụta apụta dị ka nko azụ mgbe a dọkpụrụ ya, na-agbanye ike n'ime mmadụ dermis na muscle fascia nke na-anwa iji mkpịsị aka gị kụpụ bọọlụ cholla na-ebugharị akụkụ nke ọzọ nke cactus n'ime aka nke ọzọ. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, paịlị pear prickly wụsara puku kwuru puku ntutu dị gịrịgịrị, na-emebi emebi ** glochids* nke na-apụ apụ na akpụkpọ ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na emetụ ya aka, yana sap ọhụrụ sitere na ịkpụ ** agave epupụta ** na-edobe agịga dị nkọ ** calcium oxalate raphide crystals na steroidal saponins** nke na-akpata ọnya kemịkal.irritant contact phytodermatitis).

Ọ bụrụ na onye njem daa ihu-mbụ ma ọ bụ obi-nke mbụ n'ime nnukwu akwa cactus (mass spine impalement), nwere cactus spain agbakwunyere na cornea ma ọ bụ nku anya, na-etolite ọzịza akpịrị ma ọ bụ iku ume (anaphylaxis), ma ọ bụ na-ata ahụhụ nhịahụ miri emi n'ọkpụkpụ azụ n'ime capsule nkwonkwo (knee, ankle, or finger knuckle), kpọọ nọmba mberede mpaghara gị (911 na United States na Canada, 112 gburugburu European Union, 999 na United Kingdom), kpalite ** Satellite SOS (PLB / Garmin inReach***, ma ọ bụ lelee akwụkwọ ndekọ aha ụwa anyị nke nọmba mberede ozugbo. Maka ihe mberede ọzara metụtara ya na ihe ọkụkụ, lee akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ n'ọzara, ọrịa strok, na hyponatremia, mkpụrụ osisi ọhịa na-egbu egbu, ivy nsi, na kọntaktị dermatitis, na Nkịta furu efu n'okporo ụzọ na-eme njem na ihe egwu anụ ezi/cactus. Soro usoro ntugharị ụgbọ elu, peeling glochid, na usoro ịsa ahụ agave dị n'okpuru.

Mee nke a ugbu a¶

1. ** Ejila mkpịsị aka gị ma ọ bụ nke dị gịrịgịrị were jide ngalaba CHOLLA ("bọọlụ"): Ọbụlagodi ahịhịa dị n'elu azụ azụ nke nkwonkwo cholla agbakwunyere ga-abanye na mkpịsị aka gị ozugbo, na-ejikọta aka gị abụọ ọnụ na oke mgbu. Wepu aka gị aka gị kpamkpam na bọọlụ cactus.
2. Jiri akpa akpa ma ọ bụ osisi abụọ iji fesaa bọọlụ CHOLLA pụọ n'akpụkpọ ahụ: Wepụ ezé nke ntutu isi rọba siri ike n'okpuru bọọlụ cactus (n'etiti akpụkpọ ahụ gị na ahịhịa cactus ahịhịa ndụ), ma ọ bụ kpachie mkpisi osisi abụọ siri ike ma na-akpụ akpụ n'akụkụ nke ọzọ. wee pụọ n'ahụ́ gị ka ọ na-efepụ n'ụkwụ gị na ndị enyi gị.
3. **KPỤTA SPINES NDỊ MMADỤ N'otu n'otu kwụ ọtọ n'akụkụ kpọmkwem akụkụ ha na-abanye na PLIERS ***: Ozugbo agbapụ bọọlụ cactus dị arọ, jide spines ọ bụla fọdụrụ na nso elu akpụkpọ ahụ dị ka o kwere mee site na iji ngwa ngwa agịga-imi multi-tool.Leatherman) ma ọ bụ na-amanye ma jiri otu, kwụsie ike, kwụ ọtọ axial tug n'akụkụ akụkụ ahụ nke ọkpụkpụ azụ batara (ntụgharị na-adọpụ ọnụ azụ azụ n'okpuru akpụkpọ ahụ).
4. ** Ejikwala aka gị ma ọ bụ akwa nhicha ehicha ma ọ bụ hichapụ prickly PEAR GLOCHIDS ("FUZZ SPINES").Opuntia) mpe mpe akwa bụ puku obere agịga milimita 2 (2)glochids). Ihicha ha na-agbajisị mkpụkpọ ahụ n'ime epidermis gị. Kama, ** pịa teepu nnyapade (or leukotape) dị nro n'elu fuzz ma kpochapụ ya *, ma ọ bụ gbasaa uwe nke gluu ụlọ akwụkwọ PVA ọcha (Elmer's) n'elu akpụkpọ ahụ, hapụ ya ka ọ kpọọ nkụ maka nkeji iri na ise, ma kpochapụ ihe nkiri a mịrị amị.
5. Sacha AGAVE / Century Plant SAP na akpụkpọ ahụ ozugbo na ncha na mmiri oyiri (N'ime nkeji 2): Ọ bụrụ na ihe ọṅụṅụ na-adịghị mma sitere na mpempe akwụkwọ agave gbajiri agbaji abanye n'ahụ gị, ọ na-agbanye kristal agịga microscopic (N'ime nkeji abụọ).calcium oxalate raphides) nke na-ebute oke ọkụ, ihe ọkụ na-acha odo odo na-acha odo odo, na ọnya na-agba agba n'ime nkeji iri na ise. Ghichaa ngwa ngwa na nnukwu mpịakọta mmiri na efere / ncha ogige; ehichapụkwala sap agave n'anya gị.
6. NEVER PULL A CACTUS SPINE OUT OF AN EYEBALL IN THE FIELD: If a spine punctures the cornea or sclera of the eye, pulling it out causes aqueous/vitreous humor leakage and blinding endophthalmitis. Teepu ọta nchebe siri ike (paper cup bottom ma ọ bụ SAM splint arch) n'elu ọkpụkpụ orbital na-emetụghị ọkpụkpụ azụ, kpuchie * anya abụọ * ka ọ kwụsị mmegharị anya anya, wee pụọ ozugbo.

Osisi mkpebi: mkpọgide ọkpụkpụ azụ cactus na sap ọzara na-egbu egbu¶

Soro osisi mkpebi a na-arụ ọrụ iji kwekọọ kpọmkwem mmerụ ahụ osisi ọzara na usoro mmịpụta ziri ezi ma ọ bụ decontamination:

flowchart TD
    Injury["Mmerụ ahụ Osisi Ọzara: Cactus ngwunye, Glochid Fuzz, ma ọ bụ Agave/Euphorbia Sap Exposure"] --> EyeJoint{"1. Nyochaa ọkọlọtọ Red ozugbo:: Ọ bụ ọkpụkpụ azụ n'anya, n'elu nkwonkwo / akwara miri emi, ma ọ bụ onye a tara ahụhụ dara na akwa cactus Mass?"}
    EyeJoint -->|"EE: Puncture anya, ụgbọ elu/olu, Capsule jikọrọ ọnụ, ma ọ bụ mkpọmkpọ ọnụ Mass"| RedFlag["AKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWASỊ:: Chebe anya na-ekpuchi anya na iko siri ike -> Kpochapụ nkwụsị nkwonkwo miri emi -> Kpọọ 911 / Trigger Satellite SOS maka mmịpụta mberede."]
    EyeJoint -->|"Mba: Oke oke / Torso akpụkpọ ma ọ bụ kọntaktị sap"| Type{"2. Chọpụta kpọmkwem usoro ihe ọkụkụ"}
    Type -->|"Bọọlụ cactus nke kewara ekewa rapara na akpụkpọ ahụ (na-awụlikwa elu / Teddy-Bear Cholla)"| Cholla["Ejila mkpịsị aka na-adịghị emetụ aka:: Were obere akpa akpa ma ọ bụ mkpanaka osisi abụọ dị n'okpuru azuokokoosisi -> Nkebi nke ọma na-ahụ anya na akpụkpọ ahụ (napụ ndị ọzọ) -> Were mkpịsị ugodi dọpụta otu spines ndị fọdụrụ ozugbo."]
    Type -->|"Obere ntutu dị ka ụyọkọ fuzz (Prickly pear / Opuntia Glochids)"| Glochid["Ehichala ma ọ bụ hichaa:: Jiri obere tweezers tufts a na-ahụ anya -> Pịa teepu duct obere ma bee -> Tinye gluu PVA ọcha ma ọ bụ waks ihu, kpoo 15 mins, & bee"]
    Type -->|"Ogologo Spines dị nro dị ogologo (Saguaro, Barrel Cactus, Ocotillo, Agave Tip)"| Rigid["EXTRACT AXIALLY WITH PLIERS:: Jide isi na akpụkpọ anụ -> Dịrịpụta ozugbo n'akụkụ ntinye -> palpate nke ọma iji chọpụta n'ọnụ emeghị n'ime dermis"]
    Type -->|"Ihe ọṅụṅụ Osisi Wet / Sap na akpụkpọ (Agave Century Plant ma ọ bụ Milky Euphorbia)"| Sap["Ngwa ngwa ncha nkeji iri na ise na mmiri mmiri:: saa calcium oxalate crystals / diterpene esters n'ime nkeji 2 -> Wepu uwe mmetọ -> Tinye steroid n'elu / oyi mpikota onu maka ọnya."]
    Cholla --> Clean["3. Na-ehichapụ ọnya na ncha & mmiri a na-aṅụ mmanya -> Tinye ude ọgwụ nje -> Nyochaa maka ọnya miri emi ma ọ bụ granuloma fungal."]
    Glochid --> Clean
    Rigid --> Clean

Nkeji 1: Biomechanics nke ọzara cactus spines na ihe kpatara ịwụ cholla "na-amali"¶

Ịghọta ihe dị n'ile anya nke akụkụ anọ dị iche iche nke ọkpụkpụ azụ azụ ọzara na-akọwa ihe kpatara tweezers ọkọlọtọ na-ada ada na cholla na prickly pear.

1. Ntule nhazi nke kaktus Desert anọ & ngwa agha Agave¶

2. Gịnị kpatara Cholla Spines chọrọ 4x More Force ka ọ dọpụta karịa ịkwanye¶

Ọmụmụ biomechanical (University of Illinois / Royal Society Open Science) itule ntupu na mmịpụta nke Cylindropuntia spines na anụ ahụ anụ ahụ mammalian na-ekpughe asymmetry anụ ahụ dị ịrịba ama: - N'ihi na ọnụ nke spain cholla dị warara karịa agịga hypodermic (tip diameter 15 to 30 micrometers), ọ na-eji ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nrụgide efu mapuo akpụkpọ ahụ mmadụ (< 0.1 Newtons). - Otú ọ dị, a na-akụtu osisi ahụ dum dị ka pinecone nke nwere ihe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ osisi keratinous na-atụ azụ azụ na-adọba oghere 50 micrometer ọ bụla. Mgbe ị na-alaghachi azụ na spain, ihe ọ bụla na-ahụ anya na-ejide eriri collagen na dermis wee pụta n'èzí, ** na-achọ ka esemokwu mmịpụta na-ebuli spine cholla 1 centimita n'ezie na-ebuli akpụkpọ ahụ mmadụ 2 ruo 3 centimeters elu tupu ọ pụta n'efu ***. - ** Artifact Sheath Akwụkwọ: Ọtụtụ ụdị cholla (such as Teddy-Bear Cholla na Silver Cholla) nwere n'ọbọ ahịhịa ahịhịa na-esighị ike, translucent (epidermal tunic) na-ekpuchi ọkpụkpụ azụ ọ bụla. Mgbe spain na-amapu ụkwụ gị wee dọpụta ọkpụkpụ azụ, ** n'ọbọ ahụ microscopic na-apụ apụ mgbe ụfọdụ n'ọkpụkpụ azụ wee nọrọ n'azụ n'ime egwu ọkpọ ahụ **, na-eme dị ka ahụ mba ọzọ ejidere ma ọ bụrụ na agbanyere mmiri ma ọ bụ gosipụta ya.

Nkeji 2: usoro nzọụkwụ site na mwepụ nke ngalaba jumping cholla (The Comb & Pliers Method)¶

Ọ bụrụ na gị ma ọ bụ onye na-eme njem (ma ọ bụ nkịta nzọ ụkwụ) nwere otu ma ọ bụ karịa akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ cholla akụkụ ("bọọlụ") nke agbakwunyere na ụkwụ, ogwe aka, ma ọ bụ buut, soro usoro a kpọmkwem ka ọ ghara onye ọzọ a ga-akpọgide n'osisi n'oge nnapụta.

1. Mkpochapụ Scene na "Drop Mpaghara" Mmata (Before You Flick)¶

Tupu emetụ bọọlụ cholla agbakwunyere aka: 1. Lee ala na Ground Ground Your Boots ***: Ebe enwere otu bọọlụ cholla n'ụkwụ gị, a na-enwekarị 20 akụkụ ọla kọpa/green cholla dara dara na unyi ọzara dị n'akụkụ ụkwụ gị. Ọ bụrụ na ị gbuo ikpere n'ala na unyi iji nyere onye ahụ aka n'ebughị ụzọ lee anya, ị ga-egbu ikpere n'ala ozugbo n'elu akwa bọọlụ cholla. Jiri okporo osisi na-eme njem kpochapụ ala ma nọdụ ala n'elu nkume nkume ma ọ bụ ụfụfụ dị ọcha. 2. Họrọ ebe nchekwa "Flick Trajectory": Mgbe ị jiri mbo ma ọ bụ osisi tụgharịa akụkụ cholla agbakwunyere n'ụkwụ, bọọlụ a gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na-esi n'ikuku pụta dị ka bọọlụ gọlfụ maka mita 2 ruo 4. ** Mee ka ịpụ apụ ahụ pụọ n'ihu nke gị, pụọ n'ụkwụ onye ahụ nke ọzọ, na pụọ na ndị enyi guzoro ọtọ.

2. Usoro A: The Pocket Comb + Multi-Tool Pliers Method (Gold Standard)¶

Onye ọ bụla na-agba ọsọ ọzara, onye na-agba ọsọ n'ụzọ, na onye na-agba ịnyịnya ugwu na Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, na Mexico kwesịrị iburu n'akpa uwe plastik siri ike ** $ 1 ** yana ọtụtụ ngwaọrụ ** agịga-imi (Leatherman***:

     [ Cholla Cactus Ball ("Joint") ]
          |     |     |     |    <-- Barbed Spines Embedded in Skin
    ======+=====+=====+=====+==============  <-- Slide Comb Teeth Flat Between Ball & Skin
    =======================================  <-- Human Skin Surface

1. ** Nzọụkwụ 1 - Gbanyụọ isi cactus site na iji Comb ***:
2. Jide mbo rọba rọba n'otu nsọtụ wee ** madaa ezé ya gbadaa n'okpuru anụ ahụ nke bọọlụ cholla ***, n'etiti ogologo cactus akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na akpụkpọ anụ onye ahụ (ya mere, ezé mbo na-adaba n'ọkpụkpụ agbakwunyere).
3. Jiri nwayọọ mee ka akpụkpọ ahụ nke onye ahụ merụrụ ahụ mee ihe dị ka centimeters ole na ole, ma ** gbanye aka gị elu na elu (away from the body)**.
4. Nke a n'otu oge ahụ na-adọta ọtụtụ n'ime spines ozugbo ka ọ na-ewepụ nkwonkwo cactus na-agbaji agbaji na spines ọ bụla nwere mgbagwoju anya, na-eziga bọọlụ dị ize ndụ nke nwere ọtụtụ ọkpụkpụ na-efe efe ka ọ ghara ịfegharị ma dọba akpụkpọ ọzọ.
5. ** Nzọụkwụ 2 - Wepụ spines nke ọ bụla fọdụrụ n'otu n'otu na ngwa ngwa ***:
6. Ọtụtụ mgbe, spines 3 ruo 10 na-anọgide na-apụ apụ na akpụkpọ ahụ mgbe agbapụchara bọọlụ ndụ ndụ.
7. **Bụ ụzọ kpụpụsịa uwe agbapuo **: Ọ bụrụ na spines gafeta ụkwụ pant, sọks, ma ọ bụ uwe elu, jiri mkparị trauma bepụ oghere n'ime akwa dị n'akụkụ spines kama ịgbalị ịdọpụ spines * site na akwa akwa siri ike.
8. Jide n'okpuru ọkpụkpụ azụ ọ bụla ** ka ọ dị nso n'elu akpụkpọ ahụ dịka o kwere mee ** na-eji hemostats ma ọ bụ mkpado agịga-imi.
9. Jiri mkpịsị aka abụọ nke aka gị nke ọzọ gbadaa akpụkpọ ahụ gbara ya gburugburu (ma ọ bụ akụkụ dị larịị nke mbo ahụ) ka akpụkpọ ahụ ghara ibili elu nke ukwuu, na yank kwụ ọtọ n'otu ntabi anya na-emegharị ahụ n'otu akụkụ nke ntinye azụ azụ.

3. Usoro B: Ụzọ "Mkpọka Abụọ / Nkume Abụọ" (Ọ bụrụ na Ị nweghị Comb ma ọ bụ Pliers)¶

Gịnị ma ọ bụrụ na ejidere gị n'ọzara na-enweghị mbo ma ọ bụ multi-tool? 1. ** Chọta osisi Hardwood abụọ siri ike (Mesquite, Palo Verde, ma ọ bụ Creosote alaka, 30 cm n'ogologo na 1.5 cm n'obosara) ma ọ bụ okporo osisi abụọ na-eme njem ***: - Ejila akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, gbagọrọ agbagọ. - Debe Stick A n'okpuru akụkụ aka ekpe nke bọọlụ cholla na Stick B n'okpuru akụkụ aka nri nke bọọlụ cholla (like giant chopsticks). - Gwakọta osisi abụọ ahụ ọnụ na-agbakọta ọnụ na isi nkụ nke akụkụ cactus na **pry/fipụ n'èzí na ngwa ngwa, na-ewepụ arc na akpụkpọ ahụ ***. 2. ** Wepụ otu spines nke fọdụrụ na nkume dị larịị abụọ ***: - Tụnye ogwe azụ azụ nke onye ọ bụla n'otu n'otu nke ọma n'etiti akụkụ dị larịị nke obere obere osimiri/obere ọzara dị larịị.like stone tweezers) ma dọpụta ya ozugbo.

Nkeji 3: Wepụ obere ihe nleba anya Prickly Pear Glochids (The Tape, Glue, and Tweezers Protocol)¶

Na-ehichapụ aka gị, ikpere gị, ma ọ bụ isi gị megide pear prickly (Opuntia) mpe mpe akwa - ọkachasị ndị aghụghọ "Blind Prickly Pear" (Opuntia rufida / Opuntia microdasys*, nke nwere spines ogologo efu ma dị nro dị nro - na-etinye narị narị ọla edo-aja aja, ọbara ọbara ma ọ bụ ọcha glochids n'ime akpụkpọ gị.

1. Ihe kpatara na ị ga-ejiri ụyọkọ ndị a na-ahụ anya Tupu itinye teepu ma ọ bụ gluu¶

Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara dermatological a na-achịkwa nke ọma na-atụnyere usoro mwepụ glochid (Tweezers alone vs. Duct Tape alone vs. PVA Glue alone vs. Tweezers + Glue Combination) gosi nuance dị oke mkpa: - Ọ bụrụ na ị na-akụda teepu duct nke siri ike n'elu ụyọkọ glochid na-apụta ogologo ma jiri mkpịsị aka gị kụchie ya, ** ị na-akwaba glochids barbed n'ime dermis wee were pasent 30 nke ogwe ndị na-agbaji agbawa n'okpuru akpụkpọ ahụ . - ** Usoro mwepụ Glochid nke 3 kacha mma (Removes 95% of Glochids: 1. ** Nkeji 1: Akụkụ-ọkụ + Fine Tweezers Pass (For Visible Protruding Tufts: - Nọdụ ala na ìhè anyanwụ na-egbuke egbuke ma ọ bụ jide oriọna oriọna ** kwụ n'ahịrị na akpụkpọ gị (tangential side-lighting* Ya mere, glochids ọla edo na-atụgharị na-atụgharị onyinyo ma na-egbuke egbuke dị ka eriri fiber-optic. - Jiri tweezers dị mma (Uncle Bill's Sliver Gripper) iji nwayọọ wepụ ihe ndị kasị ibu, na-apụta ìhè n'ụzọ na-adịghị emetụ n'ahụ akpụkpọ ahụ. 2. ** Nkeji 2: Teepu Ọkụ Na-acha ọkụ / Leukotape Ebuli (Immediate Trail Relief: - Kwụsị ihe dị ọhụrụ nke teepu dị elu ** teepu duct, teepu Gorilla, ma ọ bụ leukotape egwuregwu akwa. - Dina n'akụkụ nke nnyapade ** nwayọọ ** n'elu akpụkpọ ahụ emetụtara (pịa obere ntakịrị ka ịrapara na fuzz; emela ka ọ sie ike) ma kpochapụ ya nke ọma na ntụzịaka ntutu na-adabere. Tinyegharịa ugboro 2 ruo 3 site na iji mpempe teepu ọhụrụ oge ọ bụla. 3. ** Nkeji 3: Glue PVA na-acha ọcha ma ọ bụ bee bee (Camp / Home Deep Extraction: - Gbasaa akwa akwa akwa 2-millimita nke gluu ụlọ akwụkwọ PVA na-agbaze mmiri (mmiri).Elmer's Glue-All* ma ọ bụ na-ekpo ọkụ ** ihu depilatory wax *** n'ofe ebe niile ma dọba otu oyi akwa nke gauze ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ anụ ahụ n'elu iji mee ka ihe nkiri ahụ sie ike. - Chere ** 15 ruo 25 nkeji ** ruo mgbe gluu ga-ada n'ime mpempe akwụkwọ na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke rubbery, wee jiri nwayọọ wepụ akwụkwọ ahụ dum. Ka PVA polymer na-ebelata ka ọ na-ehicha, ọ na-ejide microscopic nsọtụ nke glochids gbajiri agbaji na-anọdụ ala na stratum corneum wee bulite ha.

2. Kedu ihe na-eme 5% nke Glochids na-anọgide n'okpuru akpụkpọ ahụ? (Glochid Dermatitis)¶

Ọbụna mgbe tweezers, teepu, na gluu, ụfọdụ ndụmọdụ glochid microscopic na-anọgide na-agbaji n'ime epidermis: - N'ime awa 24 ruo 72 na-esote , usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ na-ebuli mmeghachi omume anụ ahụ si mba ofesi gburugburu barb ọ bụla, na-etolite obere, itching, na-acha uhie uhie na-acha odo odo2-to-4-mm papules or pustulesA maara ụlọ ọgwụ dịka ** Sabra dermatitisOpuntia glochid granuloma). - ** Ọgwụgwọ & Mpụpụ eke *: - Jiri ncha na mmiri na-asa ebe ahụ kwa ụbọchị wee tinye ** over-the-counter 1% hydrocortisone ude (ma ọ bụ ọgwụ corticosteroid na-ajụ ase ruo elu dị ka ọgwụ. 0.1% triamcinolone ma ọ bụ 0.05% clobetasolugboro abụọ kwa ụbọchị iji mee ka itching siri ike na mbufụt nke anụ ahụ si mba ọzọ, gbakwunyere ọgwụ antihistamine nke ọnụ.cetirizine ma ọ bụ diphenhydramine) n'abalị. - Ejila agịga ịkwa akwa ma ọ bụ mma akpa banye n'ime akpụkpọ gị na-agbalị iji gwupụta iberibe 0.5-millimita glochid na-adịghị ahụ anya; Ntugharị mkpụrụ ndụ epidermal nkịtị ga-eme ka ọ daa mbà ma mee ka glochids dị elu pụta n'ime ụbọchị 7 ruo 14 **.

Nkeji 4: Ịgwọ Agave na-egbu egbu (" Osisi Century") na Desert Euphorbia sap na-ere ọkụ¶

Mgbe ị na-ekpochapụ ahịhịa, na-ewu okporo ụzọ, na-egbute obi agave, ma ọ bụ ịsụ ngọngọ n'ime osisi narị afọ (Agave americana, Agave deserti, Agave tequilana, Agave lecheguilla), ndị njem na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ mgbe doro anya, sap mmiri na-esi na akwụkwọ agave gbajiri agbaji na-emepụta ** ihe mgbu na-ekpo ọkụ, ọkụ na-acha uhie uhie na-acha uhie uhie, patches purpuric purple, na nnukwu mmiri mmiri jupụtara n'ime 5 ruo 30 nkeji *** - na-ele anya dị ka ọkụ acid na-ekpo ọkụ ma ọ bụ ihe ọkụ ọkụ na-egbu egbu.

1. The Dual Biochemistry of Agave Irritant Contact Dermatitis (Why It Burns)¶

Agave sap (aguamiel / raw leaf parenchymal juice) abụghị ihe nfụkasị ahụ dị mfe dị ka urushiol nke ivy nsi; ọ bụ ** kpọmkwem n'ibu na-chemical vesicant ** na-emerụ 100 pasent nke ụmụ mmadụ na mbụ kọntaktị site na abụọ synergistic ngwa agha: 1. ** Microscopic Calcium Oxalate Raphide agịga (The Hypodermic Needles: - Mkpụrụ ndụ Agave nwere capsules pụrụ iche turgor-pressurized (idioblasts) juru n'ọnụ na ùkwù puku kwuru okpukpu abụọ, agịga dị nkọ ** calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals (raphides, 100 ruo 400 micrometers ogologo) na-egosipụta oghere ogologo n'akụkụ okporo osisi ha. - Mgbe a na-egbutu akwụkwọ agave, gwepịa ya, ma ọ bụ kpochaa ya nke ọma megide akpụkpọ ahụ, capsules ndị a na-agba ọtụtụ puku microscopic calcium oxalate agịga ozugbo site na mgbochi mpụta nke akpụkpọ ahụ gị.stratum corneum), na-akpata mgbu n'ịkpụ akpụ ozugbo. 2. Steroidal Saponins, Sapogenins na-ewe iwe, na mmanụ na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe (The Venoms: - Na-agbada ozugbo n'oghere nke calcium oxalate micro-needles n'ime dermis dị ndụ bụ ** steroidal saponins (hecogenin, tigogenin*, fructans, na glycoproteins na-eme ka histamine na-eme ka akpụkpọ ahụ dị n'ahụ, na-emebi mkpụrụ ndụ mast, ma na-emebi capillaries dermal.causing purpuric / blood-blister lesions na usoro ahụ ọkụ / isi ọwụwa na mkpughe dị ukwuu).

2. Usoro mmetọ ozugbo na ọgwụgwọ maka Agave & Euphorbia Sap¶

Nọmba mberede mpaghara na ụkpụrụ ụlọ ọrụ¶

Ọ bụrụ na cactus ma ọ bụ ihe ọkụkụ ọzara gụnyere ịdaba n'ime akwa cholla (hundreds of embedded segments causing neurogenic/pain shock), mgbawa n'ọkpụkpụ azụ n'anya, ma ọ bụ ike ọgwụgwụ okpomọkụ mgbe a na-emegharị ya na anyanwụ ọzara:

• *United States na Canada : Kpọọ 911 ozugbo ma ọ bụ kpalite ** Satellite SOS (PLB / Garmin inReach / Apple Satellite SOS). Na nnukwu ogige ntụrụndụ ọzara (Saguaro National Park, Joshua Tree National Park, Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Big Bend National Park, Anza-Borrego, ma ọ bụ Maricopa / Pima County ogige ntụrụndụ), Park Rangers na County Sheriff Search and Rescue teams na-ebu ndị ọkachamara dị arọ waya-cutters, hemostats, na ọgwụ mgbu wepụ ndị ahụ tọrọ atọ n'àkwà cholla. Maka nri sap na-egbu egbu ma ọ bụ ọkụ anya siri ike, kpọọ ** US Poison Control na 1-800-222-1222 .
• **Mexico & Latin America ***: Kpọọ 911 na Mexico (Cruz Roja / Proteccion Civil) n'ime ọzara Sonoran, Baja California, na Chihuahuan.
• **European Union & United Kingdom ***: Ịkpọ oku 112 gafee EU (Canary Islands, ndịda Spen Tabernas Desert, Sicily, Greece, na Saịprọs ebe * Opuntia ficus-indica * na * Agave americana * na-agbasa n'ọtụtụ ebe n'akụkụ oke osimiri) ma ọ bụ 999 na UK.
• ** Australia na New Zealand ***: Ịkpọ oku 000 na Australia ma ọ bụ 111 na New Zealand (112 site na ekwentị mkpanaaka). cholla na-akpa ike (rope pear / devil's rope, Cylindropuntia imbricata), tiger pear na prickly pear na-akpa nnukwu mpaghara nke ime obodo Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia, na Western Australia.
• ** Africa, Middle East, na India/Asia-Pacific **: Na South Africa (invasive Opuntia and native venomous Euphorbia candelabra/virosa), pịa 10177 ma ọ bụ 112. N'India (Thar Desert na Deccan * Opuntia * / * Euphorbia hedges), pịa 112 ma ọ bụ 108.

Ajụjụ a na-ajụkarị¶

Cactus cholla na-awụ elu ọ na-awụpụ n'osisi ahụ iji wakpo ndị njem?¶

Mba, cholla na-awụ elu (Cylindropuntia bigelovii ma ọ bụ C. fulgida) enweghị mọzụlụ ma ọ bụ usoro mmiri ọ ga-esi na-ebute onwe ya site na ikuku. Otú ọ dị, a na-ekewa alaka ndị ahụ gaa n'akụkụ ndị ejikọrọ na-adịghị ike kpuchiri n'ọkpụkpụ azụ dị nkọ, nke nwere agịga nwere obere ihe mgbochi na-atụ aka azụ. Ọ bụrụ na uwe ogologo ọkpa gị, akwa akpụkpọ ụkwụ, ma ọ bụ ọbụna ọkụ eletrik na ikuku ikuku nke ụkwụ gị na-agafe na-agbanye n'otu ọnụ azụ azụ azụ, nko ahụ na-adaba ozugbo n'ime ákwà ma ọ bụ akpụkpọ ahụ wee jide nkwonkwo ahụ dum n'enweghị ihe ọkụkụ nke nne na nna nke na ọ na-adị ya ka a ga-asị na cactus manyere ụkwụ gị.

Kedu ihe kpatara iji mkpịsị aka gị dọpụ bọọlụ cactus cholla na-eme mmerụ ahụ okpukpu abụọ?¶

Akụkụ cholla ọ bụla bụ ogo 360 nke ọkpụkpụ azụ azụ nke chọrọ ike ugboro anọ iji dọpụta akpụkpọ ahụ mmadụ karịa ka ha na-adụba n'ime ya. Ka ị na-adọkpụ n'otu akụkụ nke bọọlụ ahụ, bọọlụ ahụ na-atụgharị dị ka wiil ma na-ebugharị ahịrị ọhụrụ nke spines 20 n'ime akpụkpọ dị n'akụkụ. Na-eji mbo akpa akpa, ngwa ngwa, ma ọ bụ osisi abụọ mee ka bọl ahụ pụọ na-emetụghị ya aka.

Kedu ụzọ kacha mma isi wepụ glochids dị obere ntutu dị ka prickly pear n'ahụ?¶

Ejila aka gị efu ma ọ bụ akwa akwa akwa hichaa ma ọ bụ hichapụ prickly pear glochid fuzz, n'ihi na ịhịa aka n'ahụ na-agbapụ n'akpụkpọ anụ ahụ. Mbụ, jiri tangential n'akụkụ ọkụ na ezigbo tweezers wepụ tuft ọ bụla a na-ahụ anya na-enweghị ịpị ala. Na-esote, jiri nwayọọ pịa eriri teepu duct na-adọrọ adọrọ n'elu ebe ahụ wee kpochapụ ya. N'ikpeazụ, maka isi ike gbajiri glochids, gbasaa akwa akwa akwa akwụkwọ PVA na-acha ọcha (dị ka Elmer's gluu) ma ọ bụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ n'elu akpụkpọ ahụ, hapụ ya ka ọ kpoo kpamkpam maka minit 15 ruo 20, ma kpochapụ mpempe akwụkwọ a mịrị amị iji bulie ihe mgbochi microscopic na pores.

Kedu ihe kpatara sap ọhụrụ sitere na agave ma ọ bụ ihe ọkụkụ narị afọ na-akpata nnukwu ọkụ na ọnya?¶

Agave sap (nke sitere na osisi dị ka Agave americana ma ọ bụ Agave lecheguilla) nwere ngwá agha abụọ dị ike: ngwugwu nke puku kwuru puku microscopic, kristal calcium oxalate na-egbuke egbuke (raphides) na saponins steroid na-agbakasị ahụ. Mgbe ihe ọṅụṅụ ọhụrụ sitere na mkpụcha ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ agave e gwepịara egwepịa na-emetụta akpụkpọ ahụ gị, kristal calcium oxalate dị ka agịga na-adaba n'elu akpụkpọ anụ ahụ ma gbanye saponins ozugbo n'ime dermis, na-ebute eriri uhie na-egbu mgbu, ntụpọ ọbara ọbara na-acha odo odo (purpura), na nnukwu ọnya mmiri n'ime nkeji 15 ruo 60. Iji ncha na nnukwu mmiri na-asọ asọ na-asachapụ sap ozugbo n'ime nkeji abụọ na-egbochi ọtụtụ ọnya.

Ọkpụkpụ cactus nwere ike ịpụta na X-ray ụlọ ọgwụ ọkọlọtọ ma ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ahụ gbajiri n'ime aka m ma ọ bụ ikpere m?¶

Ọtụtụ mgbe mba. N'adịghị ka agịga ígwè ma ọ bụ iko ndu, ogwu osisi organic na spines cactus na-enwekarị otu rediodensity dị ka anụ ahụ dị nro ma anaghị egosipụta nke ọma na redio redio (X-ray). Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eche na ọkpụkpụ azụ dị omimi gbajiri n'ime aka gị, ụkwụ, ma ọ bụ n'akụkụ capsule nkwonkwo, rịọ maka ultrasound musculoskeletal (ma ọ bụ MRI), nke nwere ike iji anya nke uche na-ahụ maka spines organic cactus dị ntakịrị dị ka 1 millimeter ka e wee wepụ ya n'ịwa ahụ tupu ya emee granuloma na-adịghị ala ala ma ọ bụ ọrịa nkwonkwo.

Ogologo oge ole ka ọ na-ewe maka cactus glochids microscopic agbakwunyere na-arụ ọrụ ụzọ ha ma ọ bụrụ na enweghị m ike ịnweta ha niile?¶

Ọ bụrụ na obere iberibe glochids prickly na-anọgide na-ejide n'ime elu elu nke epidermis mgbe teepu na gluu na-ehichapụ, mmegharị ahụ nke anụ ahụ na-apụ apụ na squamation (mwụfu nke stratum corneum) ga-ebupụ ha n'ime ụbọchị 7 ruo 14. N'oge ahụ, obere ihe na-acha uhie uhie (Sabra dermatitis) nwere ike ịmalite gburugburu iberibe; itinye ude n'elu-na-counter 1 percent hydrocortisone ugboro abụọ kwa ụbọchị na iji ncha na mmiri na-eme ka akpụkpọ ahụ dị ọcha na-ebelata itching ahụ ruo mgbe ọ na-apụ n'anya.

Ntuziaka emetụtara¶

• akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ n'ọzara, ọrịa strok, na hyponatremia
• Osisi ọhịa na-egbu egbu, hemlock mmiri, ivy nsi, na kọntaktị dermatitis
• Nkịta furu efu n'okporo ụzọ njem: ọdụ arịlịka na-esi ísì ụtọ na ihe egwu anụ ezi/cactus
• Katapila na-egbu egbu, ọnya ọnya, na ntutu na-agbapụta n'anya

Isi mmalite na nduzi ọchịchị¶

• Ọrụ Ntụrụndụ Mba (NPS, Saguaro National Park, Joshua Tree National Park, & Organ Pipe Cactus National Ncheta): * Desert Cactus Safety, Jumping Cholla (Cylindropuntia) Usoro mkpochapụ, yana ntuziaka mgbochi nke obodo *.
• Wilderness Medical Society (WMS) & * Ọhịa & Ọgwụ Gburugburu Ebe obibi : * Ntụnyere arụmọrụ nke usoro mwepụ maka Opuntia Glochid mkpata na njikwa nke anụ ahụ ndị mba ọzọ echekwabara (Plant Thorn Synovitis)
• Ụlọ Ọrụ Ozi nsi na ọgwụ ọjọọ nke Arizona (University of Arizona College of Pharmacy) & Ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi nsi na ọgwụ ọjọọ: * Nlekọta nke Envenomation nke Desert Botanical Envenomation, Agave Calcium Oxalate Dermatitis, na Euphorbia Ocular Exposures*.
• Ụlọ Ọrụ Maka Nchịkwa na Mgbochi Ọrịa (CDC, United States): *Sporotrichosis LymphocutaneousSporothrix schenckii) na Ọrịa Fungal gburugburu ebe obibi na-esochi ogwu ogwu na cactus spine Punctures *.
• Royal Society Open Science (Crofts & Anderson, 2018): * Biomechanics nke Puncture na Retrorse Barb Extraction Forces na Cylindropuntia Cholla Cactus Spines*.