Thermometer Mercury gbajiri, CFL Bulb, na Ọcha Fluorescent Tube¶

Ịtụba temometa ahụ ọkụ oge ochie n'ala ụlọ ịsa ahụ, na-akụri tube ụlọ ahịa ọkụ ọkụ n'ahịrị n'ime ebe ndọba ụgbọala, ma ọ bụ ịgbaji spiral Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL) n'ime ụlọ ụmụaka na-ahapụ ** elemental mercury (\(Hg\))** n'ime ebe obibi gị. N'adịghị ka ọla ọ bụla ọzọ dị n'ụwa, mercury elemental bụ mmiri siri ike, na-acha ọlaọcha na ọnụ ụlọ okpomọkụ nke na-ekupụ mgbe niile n'ime ihe na-adịghị ahụ anya, nke na-esighị ike, na-enweghị ụtọ ** mercury vepor **. Ọ bụ ezie na akpụkpọ ahụ adịghị emebi emebi na-amịkọrọ obere mmiri mmiri mercury site na obere aka, ** ngụgụ mmadụ na-etinye ihe dị ka pasent 80 nke vapor mercury niile na-abanye ozugbo n'ime ọbara, ebe ọ na-agafe ihe mgbochi ụbụrụ ụbụrụ na placenta iji wakpo usoro ụjọ na akụrụ.

Ihe na-eme ka obere mercury ezinụlọ wụsa ka ọ bụrụ ọdachi mmetọ ụlọ na-adịgide adịgide, ọtụtụ puku dollar bụ ka onye nwe ụlọ si ehicha ya n'ime nkeji iri mbụ. Ịbịarute ebe a na-ehicha oghere ụlọ, oghere roboti, ma ọ bụ broom siri ike bụ otu njehie kacha njọ ị nwere ike ime: mgbe mmiri mmiri mercury dakwasịrị n'ala, ọ na-akụda n'ime narị narị microscopic spheres (** micro-beads**). Azịza na-agbasasị micro-beads ahụ n'ime mgbape ụlọ ọ bụla, onye na-ehicha ihe na-amịkwa mercury n'ofe ụlọ ọkụ eletrik ya na-ekpo ọkụ, ** ikpo ọkụ na vaporizing mercury ka ọ bụrụ egbe gas na-egbu egbu ** nke na-eme ka ikuku dị n'ime ụlọ 100 okpukpu ma na-emerụ ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-adịgide adịgide ka ime ụlọ ọ bụla ga-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye na-adịghị ọcha. Ime ihe ịdọ aka ná ntị ugbu a, ikpochapụ ụmụaka, ndị inyom dị ime, na anụ ụlọ n'ime ụlọ, gbanyụọ Central kpo oku ma ọ bụ ntụ oyi (HVAC), imeghe windo dị n'èzí iji kpoo ụlọ ahụ maka nkeji iri na ise tupu ịbanye, na iji kaadị index siri ike, teepu ntanye, na eyedropper n'okpuru ọkụ ọkụ n'akụkụ akụkụ, na-ewepụ ihe ize ndụ ahụ n'enweghị nsogbu ọ bụla.

Mee nke a ugbu a¶

1. ** Wepụ mmadụ niile na anụ ụlọ n'ime ụlọ ozugbo, jiri nlezianya na-eje ije na mpaghara ebe a na-agbafu mmiri.** Mee ka onye ọ bụla pụọ ​​n'ime ụlọ ahụ na-ejegharịghị na iko gbajiri agbaji ma ọ bụ ọla ọlaọcha. Ọ bụrụ na onye ọ bụla guzoro nso mmetụta ahụ mgbe temometa ma ọ bụ bọlbụ gbajiri, lelee ala akpụkpọ ụkwụ na sọks ha ozugbo tupu ha agafee n'ụlọ ndị ọzọ; Ọ bụrụ na ọbụ ụkwụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ emetụla ebe awụfuru, wepụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ ndị ahụ kpọmkwem n'ọnụ ụzọ ma tinye ya na akpa ahịhịa rọba.
2. ** Gbanyụọ sistemu kpo oku Central gị, ikuku ventilashị na ntụ oyi (HVAC) yana igwe na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime ụlọ.** Gaa na temometa mgbidi gị wee gbanwee ọkụ etiti gị ma ọ bụ ikuku ikuku ikuku site na "Auto" ma ọ bụ "Gbanye" gaa na ** Gbanyụọ ***. Elemental Mercury na-ekupụ ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa ka okpomọkụ ụlọ na-ebili; ịgbanyụ ọkụ ha abụọ na-ebelata okpomọkụ nke ime ụlọ (na-ebelata vaporization mercury) ma na-egbochi ụzọ HVAC na-eweghachite ducts si na-amịpụta mercury vepor n'ime ụlọ ahụ na-awụfu ma na-ekesa ya n'ime ụlọ ụra.
3. ** Mepee windo ma ọ bụ ọnụ ụzọ mpụta n'èzí wee mechie ọnụ ụzọ ime ụlọ maka nkeji 10 ruo 15.** Tupu ị gbuo ikpere n'ala n'ala ka ị buru otu iko ma ọ bụ mercury bead, mepee windo mpụta n'ime ụlọ ahụ (ma gbanye ụlọ ịsa ahụ ma ọ bụ onye na-ekpo ọkụ kichin naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-ekupụ ** kpọmkwem n'èzí ***, mgbe ahụ, ọ dịghị mgbe ị ga-abanye n'ime ụlọ ma ọ bụ mechie ọnụ ụzọ **), nke ụlọ **, ma jiri akwa nhicha mechie oghere ọnụ ụzọ ala. Kwe ka ikuku dị n'èzí mebie ntụ ntụ nke mercury mbụ maka ** opekata mpe nkeji 10 ruo 15 **.
4. Awụpụla mercury gbakere n'ime mmiri sink, wụsa ya na ụlọ mposi, ma ọ bụ saa uwe metọsịrị mercury n'igwe na-asa ákwà. Elemental Mercury dị okpukpu 13.5 arọ karịa mmiri. Ọ bụrụ na ị tụfuo beads mercury na sink ma ọ bụ ụlọ mposi, nnukwu mmiri mmiri ahụ na-agbada ozugbo na ala nke ọkpọkọ U- ** P-trap ** n'okpuru sink gị, ebe ọ na-anọdụ ala ruo mgbe ebighi ebi, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agbapụ na-egbu egbu mercury vapor na-agbago site na drain strainer n'ime ụlọ ịsa ahụ gị mgbe ị na-emerụ usoro ọgwụgwọ mmiri mkpofu obodo.
5. ** Chịkọta ngwa nhicha akwụkwọ ntuziaka gị na-adịghị enwu enwu tupu ịbanye n'ime ụlọ ahụ. eyedropper ma ọ bụ plastik ọnụ ọgwụ sirinji **, ** teepu duct ma ọ bụ teepu nkwakọba obosara **, ** akwa akwa mpempe akwụkwọ *, ** ọkụ ọkụ na-egbuke egbuke , ite iko iko abụọ sara mbara nke nwere mkpuchi mkpuchi ọla siri ike (ma ọ bụ akpa zip-top plastic) na ** elemental sulfur powder (nhọrọ, site na ụlọ ahịa ubi ma ọ bụ ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ).
6. ** Lelee nha nke mercury wụfuru iji kpebie ma ọ bụrụ na achọrọ nzaghachi hazmat ọkachamara.** Dị ka United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) na Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) si kwuo, onye nwe ụlọ nwere ike ihichapụ gbajiri agbaji ** CFL ma ọ bụ fluorescent tube ** (1 ruo 5 milligrams) ma ọ bụ otu ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ ** 0 mer. 700 milligrams nke mercury, dị ka otu pea green ma ọ bụ pensụl nchicha) na-eji usoro ntuziaka dị n'okpuru. ** Ọ bụrụ na ị wụfuru karịa ego n'otu ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ ** (dị ka mercury barometer gbajiri agbaji, ọbara mgbali elu sphygmomanometer, tilt-switch furnace thermostat, nna nna clock pendulum, ma ọ bụ karama nke ụlọ nyocha mercury), ** anwala DIY mercury **: debe ụlọ ahụ, mechie ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa mpaghara ma kpọọ ngalaba ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ. (1-800-222-1222 na United States).

Mercury na fluorescent bulb osisi mkpebi nhicha ihe mberede¶

Jiri eserese usoro ntọhapụ nke-nzọụkwụ a họrọ kpọmkwem usoro njide na mkpochapụ dabere na nke ihe nwere mercury mebiri yana ole mercury ewepụtara.

flowchart TD
    Start["Ihe Mercury gbajiri agbaji ma ọ bụ Fluorescent Bulb N'ime ụlọ"] --> Evac["1. Kpochapụ ndị mmadụ na anụ ụlọ si n'ọnụ ụlọ;<br/> Lelee akpụkpọ ụkwụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ n'ọnụ ụzọ"]
    Evac --> HVAC["2. Gbanyụọ Central HVAC System & Heaters;<br/>Mepee windo n'èzí & mechie ọnụ ụzọ ime ụlọ"]
    HVAC --> VentWait["3. Mee ka ime ụlọ ikuku gaa n'èzí maka nkeji 10 ruo 15<br/>Tupu ịbanye n'ime ụlọ"]
    VentWait --> SizeCheck{"4. Kedu ihe mebiri?"}

    SizeCheck -->|"A. Kọmpat Fluorescent Lamp (CFL) <br/>ma ọ bụ Linear Fluorescent Tube (1 ruo 5 mg Hg)"| BulbClean["CFL / Fluorescent Tube Protocol: <br/> Mpempe akwụkwọ iko & ọcha phosphor ntụ ntụ nwere kaadiboodu siri ike;"]
    SizeCheck -->|"B. Ahụ ọkụ otu iko ma ọ bụ nri<br/> Thermometer (0.5 ruo 1.0 gram Hg)"| ThermSurface{"Kedu elu mmiri mmiri<br/>mercury beads dakwasịrị?"}
    SizeCheck -->|"C. Barometer, Manometer Nrụgide Ọbara,<br/> Thermostat Bulb, ma ọ bụ Vial (>1 gram /> nha nha)"| MajorHazmat["MERCURY SPILL buru ibu (Ọkachamara Hazmat):<br/>Mechie ọnụ ụlọ ma kpughee n'èzí; <br/>kpọ oku Dept Hazmat, State EPA, ma ọ bụ njikwa nsi"]

    ThermSurface -->|"Ala siri ike nke na-enweghị oghere <br/>(Tile, vinyl, nkụ nke akara, linoleum)"| HardMercury["Mkpokọta Bead Floor Hard Floor: <br/> Ime ụlọ gbara ọchịchịrị & na-enwu ọkụ n'akụkụ akụkụ ala dị ogo 10; <br/> Mpempe mkpọ anụ ụlọ yana kaadị ndeksi;"]
    ThermSurface -->|"Kapeeti nwere oghere, akwa ebe,<br/>ma ọ bụ akwa akwa akwa"| CarpetMercury["Ngwongwo kapeeti porous:<br/>AGHỊGHỊ oghere; bepụ ebe mmetọ <br/> nke kapet/akwa akwa, akpa abụọ, ma tụfuo ka ihe mkpofu dị ize ndụ."]

    BulbClean --> SealJar["5. Mechie irighiri ihe, teepu, kaadị, na uwe aka n'ime ite iko ma ọ bụ akpa zip-Top ugboro abụọ."]
    HardMercury --> SulfurDust["Nhọrọ: Uzuzu ala mgbawa na odo elemental sọlfọ ntụ ntụ<br/>iji kechie ihe fọdụrụ na-adịghị ahụ anya na nyochaa mgbanwe agba."]
    SulfurDust --> SealJar
    CarpetMercury --> SealJar
    SealJar --> FinalVent["6. Mepee windo na HVAC maka awa 24;<br/> Nyefee ite n'ebe ihe mkpofu ụlọ dị ize ndụ (HHW)"]

Ịmata ihe mwụfuru: ole mercury dị n'ime ihe eji arụ ụlọ?¶

Tupu ị tụọ ụjọ maka temometa gbajiri agbaji ma ọ bụ bọlbụ ọkụ, ị ga-ebu ụzọ mara eziokwu abụọ: ** Igwe ọkụ ọkụ m gbajiri agbaji nwere n'ezie mercury?** na ** Ego ole mercury dị n'ime ngwaọrụ ahụ mebiri?

1. Mmiri mmiri ọlaọcha vs. ọbara ọbara / acha anụnụ anụnụ / mmiri mmiri na temometa¶

Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ahụ ọkụ ụlọ niile, anụ, swiit, friji, na temometa dị n'èzí rere na United States, Canada, European Union, United Kingdom, na Australia kemgbe mmalite 2000s enweghị Mercury ***:

• ** Ọ bụrụ na mmiri mmiri dị n'ime temometa gbajiri agbaji bụ RED, BLUE, PURPLE, ma ọ bụ GREEN *: Igwe ọkụ ọkụ gị ** enweghị mercury. A na-eji mmanya na-esiji esiji (ethanol), kerosene/Petroleum distillate, ma ọ bụ mmanụ sitere na citrus eme ihe mmiri mmiri na-acha ọkụ ọkụ. Ị nwere ike ihicha temometa na-acha uhie uhie ma ọ bụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ kpọmkwem dị ka iko mmiri ọ bụla gbajiri agbajiri na-eji akwa nhicha akwụkwọ na ncha.
• ** Ọ bụrụ na mmiri mmiri ahụ bụ ọlaọcha-ọcha, ọla, na ọla-acha ntụ ntụ : Ọ bụ ** elemental mercury ($ Hg$) (nke a chọtara na temometa tupu afọ 2005 na ngwa ochie) ma ọ bụ ihe na-adịghị egbu egbu nke oge a ** Galinstan ** alloy (mmiri mmiri gallium, indium, na tin nke a na-eji eme ihe na nke ọhụrụ, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla). "Geratherm" ma ọ bụ "Ga-In-Sn / Mercury-Free" na thermometer azuokokoosisi).
• ** Otu esi agwa ezigbo Mercury ma e wezụga Galinstan na-adịghị emerụ ahụ n'ala ***: ** Real mercury nwere oke esemokwu n'elu ***: ọ dịghị ewe mmiri iko ma ọ bụ tile, kama ọ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe zuru oke, convex, na-enweghị mgbagha ọla ọcha na-agbagharị agbagharị n'ala na obere aka na-enweghị ahapụ smear. ** Galinstan na-awụ elu dị ka agba ọla ọcha na-agba mmiri ***, na-efegharị n'ofe iko na taịlị ala kama ịtụgharị na beads mara mma. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-enwe obi abụọ, na-emeso metal ọ bụla mmiri mmiri ọlaọcha mgbe niile ka elemental mercury.

2. ntụnyere ọdịnaya Mercury n'ofe ihe ụlọ nkịtị¶

Protocol A: Ngwọta nzọụkwụ site na nzọụkwụ maka CFL gbajiri agbaji ma ọ bụ tube fluorescent¶

Mgbe Kọmpat Fluorescent Lamp (CFL) ma ọ bụ ogologo fluorescent tube tube na-akụrisị, ihe dị ka pasent 10 ruo 30 nke obere mercury 1-na-5-milligram ya na-agbaba n'ikuku dị ka vepo n'ime awa ole na ole mbụ, ebe pasent 70 ruo 90 fọdụrụ na-arapara n'ahụ ** ọcha phosphor ntụ ntụ na-agbaji. Soro usoro mkpocha EPA gọọmentị US:

Kwụpụ 1: Tupu ihicha (Ikuku nkeji iri na ise)¶

1. Mee ka ndị mmadụ niile na anụ ụlọ pụọ n'ime ụlọ ahụ na-enweghị isi na mpaghara iko agbajiri agbaji.
2. Mepee windo ma ọ bụ ọnụ ụzọ mpụta gaa n'èzí.
3. Gbanyụọ sistemu ikuku mmanye ma ọ bụ ntụ oyi (HVAC).
4. Mechie ọnụ ụzọ ime ụlọ ma hapụ ụlọ ahụ tọgbọrọ chakoo maka ** nkeji 10 ruo 15 ** ka mwepụta mbụ nke mercury vapor ventilashị n'èzí.

Nzọụkwụ 2: Hichaa n'elu ihe siri ike (Tile, hardwood, vinyl, linoleum)¶

1. Yiri ihe atụfu ** nitrile ma ọ bụ uwe rọba *** (ejila aka efu ebulite iko nwere mkpuchi phosphor).
2. ** Scoop, anaghị ekpochapụ ***: Jiri mpempe abụọ ** kaadiboodu siri ike, kaadị ndeksi, ma ọ bụ squeegee plastik siri ike ** iji kpokọta iberibe iko niile a na-ahụ anya na ntụ ntụ phosphor, na-eji nlezianya na-abanye n'ime ite iko nke nwere mkpuchi mkpuchi ígwè ** (ma ọ bụ akpa rọba dị arọ).
3. **Pat na teepu duct na-adọrọ adọrọ ***: Kpochapụ mpempe akwụkwọ nnyapade ** teepu duct ma ọ bụ teepu nkwakọba obosara ** wee pịa akụkụ ahụ na-atọ ụtọ n'ofe okirikiri dum 1.5-mita (ụkwụ 5) n'akụkụ ezumike ahụ iji bulie mkpọsa iko na-adịghị ahụ anya na ezigbo uzuzu phosphor ọcha. Tinye mpempe teepu eji eme ihe n'ime ite iko.
4. ** Wet-hichapụ ala siri ike ***: Jiri ** akwa akwa mpempe mmiri hichaa ebe ahụ nke ọma ma ọ bụ ehichapụ nwa mmiri mmiri (iji otu ngafe kwa mpịakọta) were jide ntụ ntụ microscopic ọ bụla fọdụrụ, ma tinye akwa nhicha mmiri eji eme ihe n'ime ite ahụ.

Kwụpụ 3: Hichaa na kapeeti ma ọ bụ akwa akwa (Ọ bụrụ na CFL mebiri n'elu kapeeti)¶

1. Were kaadiboodu siri ike kpachie iberibe iko niile ma were ihe na-atọ ụtọ kpachie eriri kapeeti ugboro ugboro ** duct teepu ** iji bulite splinters iko na ntụ ọcha n'ime ụra.
2. Edola oghere kapeeti n'oge nchacha mbụ. Debe windo ime ụlọ ka oghe ma gbanyụọ sistemụ HVAC etiti ruo ọtụtụ awa.
3. ** Akpachara anya na-ekpochapụ anya n'ọdịnihu ***: Dị ka US EPA si kwuo, * na-esote * ọtụtụ oge ị na-ekpochapụ kapeeti ahụ mgbe mmiri ahụ wụsara kpamkpam, ** mechie ọnụ ụzọ ime ụlọ, mepee windo mpụta nke ime ụlọ ahụ, kpochapu ebe ahụ, ozugbo ** wepụ akpa oghere ahụ n'èzí *** (ma ọ bụ kpochie akpa gị n'ime akpa gị).

Protocol B: Nsacha nzọụkwụ site na nzọụkwụ maka temometa mercury mmiri gbajiri agbaji¶

Ichacha mercury elemental nke mmiri mmiri site na temometa gbajiri agbaji chọrọ nkenke karịa bọlbụ CFL n'ihi na otu ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ nwere ** 100 ugboro 500 mercury karịa bọlbụ CFL **, na mmiri mmiri mercury na-akụrisị mmetụta n'ime obere beads na-akpụ akpụ na-aga ihe ruru mita 3 ruo 5 (10 ruo 16 ụkwụ) gafee ala siri ike.

Nzọụkwụ 1: Nkwadebe na ọchụchọ "Flashlight Grazing Angle".¶

1. Mgbe emechara ka ime ụlọ ahụ gaa n'èzí jiri HVAC gbanyụọ nkeji iri na ise, wepụ ihe niile ** ọla edo, ọla ọcha na mgbanaka platinum, ọla aka na elekere ** n'aka gị na nkwojiaka (mercury amalgamates ozugbo yana ọla dị oke ọnụ ahịa), wee yikwasị ** nitrile ma ọ bụ uwe aka latex **.
2. Jupụta mmiri dị larịị ** 2 ruo 3 centimita (1 inch) juputara ite iko ọnụ obosara ọkara ọkara. * (Gịnị mere mmiri? Elemental Mercury bụ 13.5 ugboro denser karịa mmiri na kpamkpam insoluble na mmiri; idobe mercury beads anakọtara n'ime ite nwere akwa oyi akwa n'elu na-emepụta a ** mmiri okpu ** na ọnyà mercury na ala nke ite ahụ na-akwụsị ya si evaporating azụ n'ime ikuku mgbe ọ bụla i meghere mkpuchi n'oge nhicha.)*
3. ** Gbanyụọ ọkụ ụlọ dị n'elu ma jide ọkụ ọkụ LED na-egbuke egbuke kwụ n'ahịrị n'akụkụ ala n'ogo 5 ruo 10- grazing ***:
4. Mkpụrụ osisi mercury mmiri na-eme dị ka enyo pere mpe. Ọbụlagodi obere beads dị obere karịa mkpụrụ nnu ga-enwu gbaa ma na-egbuke egbuke n'ofe ala mgbe ọkụ ọkụ na-agbagharị n'okirikiri ala.
5. Chọọ okirikiri obosara ma ọ dịkarịa ala ** 3 ruo 5 mita (10 ruo 16 ụkwụ) n'akụkụ ọ bụla ** site na ebe temometa dara, gụnyere n'okpuru bọọdụ ala, ụkwụ radiator, na mkpịsị ụkwụ kabinet.

Kwụpụ 2: Ahịhịa ma nakọta beads mercury mmiri mmiri (Kaadị + Eyedropper + teepu)¶

1. ** Buru ụzọ buru ụzọ buo enyo agbajiri agbajiri ***: Jiri tweezers ma ọ bụ kaadị ndeksi were bulie temometa iko iko agbajiri agbaji wee tinye iko ahụ n'ime ite ị ga-ekpofu.
2. ** Akpụkpọ anụ ehi ọnụ ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-eji kaadị index siri ike ***:
3. Jide kaadị akwụkwọ ndeksi akwụkwọ siri ike **3-na-5-inch, kaadị egwu egwu, ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ ozi rọba siri ike ** n'ogo ogo 30 dị ala n'akụkụ ala.
4. Jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-akwagharị strok iji chịkọta ụmụ irighiri mmiri nke mercury n'ebe etiti ruo mgbe ha metụrụ aka wee banye n'otu ọdọ mmiri ọlaọcha buru ibu (jigharịa nwayọọ nwayọọ ka beads ghara ịpụ apụ n'ọsọ dị elu).
5. ** Were akwa eyedropper plastik ma ọ bụ sirinji were were kpokọta mercury agwakọtara.
6. Fanye bọlbụ rọba nke ọgwụ ** eyedropper *** (ma ọ bụ dọghachite ihe ndọtị nke sirinji rọba na-enweghị agịga) ka ị na-ejide ọnụ ọnụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ** gbatịa n'ala** n'ọnụ ọnụ bead mercury.
7. Jiri nwayọ hapụ bọlbụ ahụ ka ọ dọta mmiri mmiri mercury n'ọnụ mmiri ahụ, jide akwa mpempe akwụkwọ dị mmiri mmiri n'okpuru ọnụ mmiri mmiri ka ị na-ebuli ya, ma fesaa mercury ozugbo ** n'okpuru akwa mmiri ** n'ime ite ịwụfu iko gị. (Tinye eyedropper ahụ n'onwe ya n'ime akpa mkpofu mgbe emechara.)
8. ** Jiri teepu na-anyagide ma ọ bụ ude akpụ isi were were were were were were were were were were were were kpụrụ bekee na-akpụ afụ ọnụ.
9. Mụọ ọkụ ọkụ gị n'ofe ala ọzọ. Maka obere obere beads na-arapara n'ahịrị tile grout ma ọ bụ akwa osisi siri ike nke eyedropper enweghị ike ịmị, kechie ** teepu na-egbuke egbuke ma ọ bụ teepu masking ** (akụkụ dị n'akụkụ) n'akụkụ mkpịsị aka gị ma jiri nwayọọ dachie ebe ahụ, ma ọ bụ jiri obere ahịhịa kpuchie na ** ude ịcha ọcha ***, na-etinye teepu na akwa akwa akwa n'ime gị.

Nzọụkwụ 3: Nhọrọ kemịkalụ ejikọta na nchọpụta ya na sọlfọ ntụ ntụ¶

Ndị otu hazmat mberede na ụlọ ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi na-eji ** elemental sọlfọ ntụ ntụ (okooko sọlfọ)**, na-ere ya ọnụ ala n'ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ na ogige ubi dị ka ala acidifier/fungicides, mgbe ha tụtụlitere beads mercury niile a na-ahụ anya:

• ** Otu sọlfọ si arụ ọrụ**: ntụ ntụ sọlfọ edo edo na-eme ihe abụọ na-enyere aka n'ala metọru mercury:
• Nke mbụ, ọ na-ekpuchi ụmụ irighiri mmiri mercury microscopic ka ha kwụsị ịpụpụ n'ikuku, wee jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-emeghachi omume na elemental mercury (\(Hg + S \ rightarrow HgS\)) iji mepụta mercuric sulfide (cinnabar) na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe.
• Nke abụọ, mgbe sọlfọ sọlfọ na-acha odo odo metụrụ akara mercury na-adịghị ahụ anya na mgbape n'ala, ntụ ntụ ** na-agbanwe agba site na odo na-egbuke egbuke gaa na agba aja aja ma ọ bụ ojii **, na-ekpughe akpa mercury zoro ezo nke ị tụfuru.
• ** Otu esi etinye ya ***: Mee ntụ ntụ sọlfọ na-acha odo odo na-ekpo ọkụ n'ofe mpaghara ebe a na-awụfu, wee were akwa mpempe akwụkwọ were nwayọ hichaa ntụ ntụ ahụ ma mechie akwa nhicha niile dị n'ime ite gị.

Kwụpụ 4: Ihe ị ga-eme ma ọ bụrụ na mmiri mmiri mercury wụsara n'elu kapeeti, akwa akwa, ma ọ bụ akwa akwa.¶

Ọ bụrụ na temometa ahụ ọkụ ọkụ na-agbaji ozugbo na ** kapeeti, akwa ebe, akwa ịsa ahụ, blanketị, ma ọ bụ oche a kpuchiri ekpuchi, ** ọ gaghị ekwe omume n'anụ ahụ wepụ mmiri mmiri mercury micro-beads na eriri akwa akwa *** na ịhapụ ha n'ime kapeeti na-emepụta isi iyi na-adịgide adịgide n'ime ụlọ:

1. **Edola oghere kapeeti *, na ** etinyela ute bat, kapeeti, ma ọ bụ mpempe uwe metọru mercury n'ime igwe na-asa akwa ma ọ bụ akwa akwa. Ịsacha akwa mercury merụrụ ahụ na-emerụ igwe ịsa ahụ na mgbapụta mgbapụta ma na-agbanye mercury na-egbu egbu n'ime sistemu septic gị ma ọ bụ ọwa mmiri ime obodo, ebe ị na-etinye ya na akwa akwa akwa na-ekpo ọkụ ** na-eme ka mercury banye n'igwe ojii na-egbu egbu n'ime ụlọ ịsa ahụ gị **.
2. Ọ bụrụ na mwụfu ahụ mere n'elu akwa a na-ewepụ mbugharị, akwa ịsa ahụ, blanketị, ma ọ bụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ, jiri nlezianya tụgharịa ihe ahụ n'ime ka ọnyà beads, mechie ya n'ime ** akwa akwa akwa akwa akwa 6-mil dị arọ nke nwere nnukwu ọrụ dị arọ ** machie ya na teepu duct, ma tụfuo ya ka ọ bụrụ ihe mkpofu dị ize ndụ.
3. Ọ bụrụ na mwụfu ahụ mere na ** kapeeti mgbidi na mgbidi ***, jiri mma iji ** bepụ akụkụ nke kapeeti emetọru na akwa kapeeti foam n'okpuru ya ***, tụgharịa ya n'ime, tinye ya na rọba dị arọ ugboro abụọ, wee hichaa subfloor siri ike n'okpuru site na iji ọkụ ọkụ na index-card protocol n'elu.

Ihe egwu ahụike na ụdị ahụike: kedu ihe mgbaàmà ị ga-elele¶

Ịghọta ka mercury si abanye n'ime ahụ na-enyere gị aka ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti kọntaktị nwere obere ihe ize ndụ na ezi ihe mberede ahụike.

• ** Imetụ mercury mmiri mmiri aka obere oge na akpụkpọ ahụ na-adịghị emebi emebi **: Elemental mercury na-amịnye nke ọma site na akpụkpọ ahụ adịghị mma. Ọ bụrụ na gị ma ọ bụ nwatakịrị metụrụ ọla ọla ọlaọcha mee obere oge, wepụ ihe ịchọ mma niile, jiri mmiri ọkụ na ncha sachaa aka na aka ihu nke ọma, atụkwala ụjọ.
• ** Na mberede ilo mmiri elemental mercury (dịka ọmụmaatụ, nwatakịrị na-ata bọlbụ ahụ na temometa ahụ ọkụ)**:
• Nke mbụ, leba anya nke ọma n'ọnụ na ire nwa ahụ maka obere ihe mwụsa enyo ma mee ka ha sachaa ya na mmiri.
• N'ụzọ dị ịtụnanya, ** mercury mmiri dị ọcha ($ Hg ^ 0$) na-etinye ya nke ọma na-adịghị mma (ihe na-erughị 0.01%) site na eriri afọ dị mma *; Ọ bụrụ na a loro obere bead sitere na temometa ahụ ọkụ, ọ na-esikarị n'ime traktị nri nri na stool na-agafe n'enweghị mmerụ ahụ ruo ọtụtụ ụbọchị na-ebuteghị nsị mercury systemic (n'adịghị ka * inorganic mercury salts ma ọ bụ methylmercury, nke na-egbu egbu mgbe e loro ya).
• ** Kpọọ Control Poison ozugbo ozugbo *** (1-800-222-1222 na United States, 1-844-764-7669 na Canada, 111 na United Kingdom, 13 11 26 na Australia, ma ọ bụ mpaghara gị. nọmba mberede) ya mere, onye na-ahụ maka nsị nwere ike nyochaa ma ọ dị mkpa X-ray ụmụaka iji wepụ iko a na-achọsi ike ma ọ bụ mercury tọrọ n'ime ngwa ngwa.
• Ikuku mercury vepo (ezigbo ihe egwu):
• Ikuku iku ume n'ime ụlọ anaghị ekpo ọkụ, ebe a na-ekpo ọkụ ebe mmiri mmiri mercury wụfuru (karịsịa ma ọ bụrụ na mmadụ kpochapuru ihe wụfuru ahụ ma ọ bụ beads hapụrụ n'okpuru radiator baseboard) na-akpata ** nnukwu ma ọ bụ subacute mercury vapor nsị **.
• ** Mgbaàmà nke ikuku ume (n'ime awa nke nnukwu uzuoku ekpughere)**: uto ọla n'ọnụ, isi ọwụwa, oyi, ahụ ọkụ, mkpụmkpụ ume, mkpọchi obi, ụkwara akọrọ, ọgbụgbọ na ọgbụgbọ.
• ** Mgbaàmà nke ikuku iku ume / na-adịghị ala ala (ụbọchị ruo izu nke iku ume na-adịghị ọcha uzuoku)**: Ọmarịcha mma nke aka na nku anya, mgbakasị ahụ, oke ihere ma ọ bụ mgbanwe ọnọdụ (erethism), ehighị ụra nke ọma, pink na-acha ọbara ọbara na-akpụ akpụ n'ọbụ aka na ọbụ ụkwụ n'ime ụmụntakịrị (*) protein chịngọm. mmamịrị.
• **Nnwale ahụike ***: Ọ bụrụ na ị na-enyo enyo inhalation nke vapor (dị ka ịchọpụta temometa gbajiri agbaji nke emechiri ụbọchị ole na ole gara aga), kpọtụrụ dọkịta gị ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka nsi na mpaghara ka ị tụọ ule mercury urine awa 24 ** (ụkpụrụ ọla edo maka ikpughe mercury vapor elemental) ma ọ bụ ule mercury ọbara.

Mkpofu nke mercury anakọtara na ikuku ikuku na-ekpochapụ nke ọma¶

1. ** Tinye aha ma chekwaa ite ahụ n'èzí ***: Tinye ite iko ahụ nke nwere akara mercury, iko agbajiri agbaji, teepu, kaadị ndeksi, na gloves nitrile n'ime ** nke abụọ dị arọ zip-top plastic akpa ***, teepu ya mechiri, ma tinye akara ngosi doro anya: "DANGER: CONTAINS ELEMENTAL MERCURY / BROKEN THERMOMETER, DO NOT OPEN". Chekwaa akpa ahụ n'èzí n'ime ụlọ a kpọchiri akpọchi ma ọ bụ ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala nke ụmụaka na anụ ụlọ na-apụghị iru ruo mgbe ọ ga-apụ.
2. **E tinyela mercury mmiri mmiri n'ihe mkpofu ụlọ ma ọ bụ ebe a na-emegharịgharị ihe *: Mgbe gwongworo ihe mkpofu na-egwepịa akpa nwere temometa mercury gbajiri agbaji ma ọ bụ mgbe a na-akpọ ahịhịa ahịhịa n'ime ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa nke obodo, Mercury na-ekpu n'ime ikuku, na-abanye n'ime ọdọ mmiri na oke osimiri, wee gbanwee n'ime azụ azụ ** methylmery. Kpọọ mpaghara ma ọ bụ ime obodo ** ihe mkpofu ụlọ dị egwu (HHW) ụlọ ọrụ, ngalaba mgbanyụ ọkụ, ma ọ bụ mmemme iweghachi ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ mpaghara maka mkpofu mercury efu.
3. ** Debe ime ụlọ ahụ ikuku ma ọ dịkarịa ala awa 24 ***: Mgbe ịmechara nhicha akwụkwọ ntuziaka, meghee windo mpụta (na igbe windo na-efe efe ikuku n'ime ụlọ ** apụta ** site na windo ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị) na ọnụ ụzọ ime ụlọ mechiri maka ** ọbụlagodi awa 24 ** tupu ikwe ka ụmụaka ma ọ bụ ndị inyom dị ime hie ụra n'ime ụlọ.

Ajụjụ a na-ajụkarị¶

Kedu ihe kpatara o ji dị ize ndụ iji ihe nhicha ọkụ na temometa mercury gbajiri agbaji ma ọ bụ bọlbụ CFL?¶

Mgbe onye na-ehicha oghere na-amịkọrọ ụmụ irighiri mmiri mercury ma ọ bụ ntụ ntụ phosphor nwere mercury, ikuku na-agba ọsọ na ọkụ eletrik na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-eme ka igwe mmiri na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụ anya, nke na-esi ísì ụtọ na-esi na ikuku mercury na-agbapụ n'ime ụlọ ahụ karịa ikuku. Nke ka njọ, ụmụ irighiri mmiri mercury microscopic na-ekpuchi n'ime oghere oghere, impeller, na ụlọ moto, na-atụgharị ihe mkpocha ọkụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-emepụta ikuku mercury mkpanaka na-adịgide adịgide nke na-emerụ ụlọ gị oge ọ bụla ị gbanye ya n'ọdịnihu.

Kedu ka m ga-esi mara ma temometa gbajiri agbaji nwere mercury na-egbu egbu ma ọ bụ mmanya na-adịghị egbu egbu?¶

Lee anya nke ọma na agba nke mmiri mmiri dị n'ime azuokokoosisi iko ma ọ bụ n'ala: ọ bụrụ na mmiri mmiri ahụ na-acha uhie uhie, acha anụnụ anụnụ, odo odo, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, ma ọ bụ oji, ọ bụ mmanya na-enweghị mercury ma ọ bụ temometa mmụọ nke na-eme ka ihe ize ndụ mercury vapor efu efu ma nwee ike iji ncha na mmiri hichaa ya mgbe ebuliri iko. Naanị temometa nwere mmiri na-egbuke egbuke, ọla, ọlaọcha-acha ntụ ntụ nke na-etolite gburugburu, na-akpụ akpụ ọla nwere elemental mercury (ma ọ bụ mgbe ụfọdụ a gallium alloy nke oge a na-adịghị egbu egbu a na-akpọ Galinstan, nke na-eteta dị ka agba ọlaọcha mmiri na iko kama ịtụgharị n'ime oghere na-enweghị esemokwu).

What happens if my child accidentally bit a mercury thermometer and swallowed a tiny bead of mercury?¶

First, inspect your child's mouth and lips carefully for tiny glass splinters and have them rinse and spit with water, then call Poison Control (1-800-222-1222 in the United States) or your doctor immediately. Reassuringly, pure liquid elemental mercury is absorbed at less than 0.01 percent by a healthy digestive tract, so a tiny swallowed bead from a fever thermometer almost always passes harmlessly through the intestines in the stool over a few days without causing mercury poisoning; the far greater danger from a broken thermometer is breathing the invisible mercury vapor left on the floor or carpeting if the spill is not cleaned up properly.

Can I keep using my vacuum cleaner if I accidentally vacuumed up a broken mercury thermometer?¶

No, if you used a household vacuum cleaner to suck up liquid elemental mercury from a broken fever thermometer, thermostat, or barometer, environmental health agencies (including the US EPA and ATSDR) advise that the vacuum cleaner is almost impossible to decontaminate safely because liquid mercury lodges inside the warm motor windings and corrugated hoses. You should immediately unplug the vacuum, take it outdoors, seal the entire vacuum cleaner inside heavy-duty plastic trash bags, and contact your local Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) authority or state health department for disposal instructions rather than running it indoors again.

enyochara isi mmalite¶

• United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA): What to Do if a Mercury Thermometer Breaks, Cleaning Up a Broken CFL (Compact Fluorescent Lamp), and Spills, Disposal and Site Cleanup of Elemental Mercury.
• Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR / CDC, United States): Toxicological Profile for Mercury, Medical Management Guidelines (MMG) for Acute Elemental Mercury Vapor Exposure, and Residential Mercury Spill Action Levels.
• World Health Organization (WHO): Exposure to Mercury: A Major Public Health Concern and guidance on phasing out mercury-containing fever thermometers and sphygmomanometers under the Minamata Convention.
• Health Canada (Canada): Mercury in Your Environment: Cleaning Up Small Mercury Spills and Broken Compact Fluorescent Lamps.
• UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) and National Poisons Information Service (NPIS, United Kingdom): Mercury Incident Management, Domestic Spill Decontamination, and Toxicological Overview.
• New York State Department of Health and Minnesota Pollution Control Agency: Cleaning Up a Small Household Mercury Spill (flashlight grazing-angle inspection, sulfur powder binding, and contaminated carpet disposal rules).

Ntuziaka emetụtara¶

• Chemical spills: household and hazmat containment
• Poisoning first aid and Poison Control protocols
• Shattered glass cooktop, exploding Pyrex, and broken glass in food
• Nsogbu asbestos, uzuzu ndu, na mkpughe radon dị elu
• Ndekọ nọmba mberede