Lufu anyi dinyanguka dia makuta a mulongi wa pa nkayende, dipatuka dia bulema, ne diambuluisha dia tulasa tukanga¶

Kukangula mukanda wa kudi muena mudimu udi ufila mfranga ya balongi udi ulomba bua kufuta diakamue, makuta onso a mfranga ya tulasa ya dolare 45 000 mbingu mikese panyima pa muledi webe anyi kakuebe uvua muenze mudimu nende mumane kufua anyi mumane kufunda mukanda wa dijimija dia makuta mu nshapita wa 7, anyi mupete njiwu mikole ya tshimpitshimpi, disama dia kansere, anyi dikuluka dia tshimpitshimpi ne dinyanguka dia tulasa tua iniversite paudi anu mupuekele kuikala ne dibanza dia makumi a binunu bia dolare mu mabanza a balongi, ntshilumbu tshikole tshia makuta tshia mu nzubu. Munkatshi mua bidimu bia bungi, mikanda ya dilaya dia mfranga ya balongi ivua ne "auto-default" (ipso facto) acceleration clauses ivua yanyishila bafidi ba makuta bua kumanyisha mulongi uvua musombe mu dipanga dia makuta diakamue dîba divua muena mudimu nabu uvua mua kufuta makuta au mufue anyi mumanyishe dijimija dia makuta, nansha pavua mulongi mufute makuta onso a ngondo yonso pa dîba ne uvua anu mu kalasa. Mu kitatyi kimo, bantu binunu ne binunu badi bapeta disama dia bulema bua kashidi anyi badi tulasa tuabu tujika kakuyi didimuija badi babuela mu tshilema tshia dilekela dia matuku a bungi anyi bangata mfranga ya difutu dia bungi, bajimija bukenji buabu bua 100 pa lukama bua dijimija dia mfranga ya mbulamatadi muinshi mua High Education Act (High Education Act)20 U.S.C. Section 1087).

Mikenji ya mbulamatadi idi mpindieu ifila bukubi bua bungi bua malu onso anayi a mabanza a balongi. Muinshi mua Tshitupa tshia 601 tshia meyi a dikola dia bubanji, diambuluisha dia mikenji, ne dikuba dia basumbishi (Public Law 115-174, kushintulula bulelela mu dilomba dia makuta ku 15 U.S.C. Section 1650(g)), Tshipangu tshia ditunga tshiakandika kashidi dibenga kufuta dia makuta a balongi ba pa nkayabu pa lufu anyi dinyanguka dia muena mudimu nende bua makuta avua menzeke kunyima kua ngondo wa dikumi ne umua 2018 ne wakalomba Biro bia dikuba dia makuta a badi basumba bintu (CFPB) kudi bampulushi badi benza mudimu bibi pa mikanda ya kale. Muinshi mua Internal Revenue Code Section 108(f)(5), Congrès wakambusha kabidi "bombe wa bitadi" wa makuta a mbulamatadi pa makuta a balongi adibu bafuta bua lufu anyi bulema bua kashidi (TPD), mbuena kuamba ne: nansha muena dibanza udi ne bulema anyi baledi ba mulongi udi mufue badi mu kanyinganyinga kabatu bapeta mukanda wa bitadi wa IRS Form 1099-C pa makuta adibu bafuile luse to. Shi udi mu lutatu lua lufu lua muena mudimu nebe anyi muena dibanza, bulema bukole bua mubidi, anyi dikanga dia tshimpitshimpi dia tulasa tua bikadilu, londa mikenji eyi bua kuimanyika makuta adibu basangisha ne kulomba bukenji buebe bua kupatuka mu tulasa bilondeshile mikenji.

(Bua tulasa tua munkatshi mua tshidimu, Dikola dia tulasa dimpe (SAP) dilomba, ne diambuluisha dia makuta dia tshimpitshimpi dia mu tshilongelu, tangila Dilomba dia diambuluisha dia makuta dia tshimpitshimpi (SAP), diimanyika dia makuta a tulasa, ne diumusha dia nzubu mu tshilongelu. Bua dianyisha dia tulasa tua bikadilu anyi bilumbu bia dinyoka, bala Tshinyangu tshia dishipa dia dianyisha dia tulasa tua bikadilu: dijimija dia tulasa tua bikadilu anyi dimanyisha dia malu a dinyoka, ne tulame nomba ya tshimpitshimpi bintu bidi ku bianza.)

Enza nunku mpindieu¶

1. Umanye ni dibanza dionso didi dibanza dia tshitupa tshia IV (Direct Subsidized/Unsubsidized, Parent PLUS, Grad PLUS) anyi mfranga ya balongi ba pa nkayabu (Sallie Mae, SoFi, College Ave, Discover, Citizens, Earnest). Buela mu StudentAid.gov ne FSA ID wa muena dibanza mpindieu: dibanza dionso didibu bafunde pa StudentAid.gov dashboard i Federal Student Loan udi ulombodibua kudi mikenji ya Higher Education Act. Makuta onso a mulongi adi amueneka mu Equifax, Experian, anyi TransUnion credit report (AnnualCreditReport.com) kadi KI umueneka pa StudentAid.gov i Dilomba dia balongi dia pa nkaya didi dilombodibua kudi bulelela mu dilomba dia makuta (TILA) ne mukanda webe wa dilaya.
2. Bikala muena mudimu wa tshilaminu tshia makuta a mulongi mufue anyi mulomba dijimija dia makuta: KUITABI nansha kakese bua kupingaja makuta anyi kufuta makuta a bungi, ne lomba 15 U.S.C. Section 1650(g) mu mukanda. Shi muena mudimu wa pa nkayende mutume mukanda udi wamba ne: dibanza diebe didi mu "dipanga dia malu a tekiniki" anyi ulomba muntu mukuabu bua kupingana pa muaba wa muntu au bualu muena mudimu nebe mmufue anyi mmufile mukanda wa dijimija dia makuta mu nshapita wa 7/13, utume mukanda wa dikokangana udi uleja ne: Tshitupa tshia 601 tshia mikenji ya dikola dia malu a mpetu, ya dilongolola dia malu a mpetu ne ya dijimija dia bintu (15 U.S.C. Section 1650(g)(1)), bidi bienza bua se: mbibi bua mufidi wa makuta wa tulasa tua pa nkayende kumanyisha dipanga dia kufuta anyi kubandisha dibanza anu bua lufu anyi dinyanguka dia muena mudimu nende, ne kufila dilomba dia lukasa kudi CFPB (consumerfinance.gov/complaint).
3. Bikala mulongi mufue (anyi pikala muledi mufue ku dibanza dia muledi PLUS): ufila kopi wa mukanda wa lufu bua kufila 100% wa lufu lua mikenji (34 CFR 685.212(a)).
4. Makuta a mbulamatadi (kusangisha ne makuta a baledi): Muinshi mua 20 U.S.C. Section 1087(a)(1) ne 34 CFR 685.212(a), 100% ya mfranga ya mulongi ya mbulamatadi idi ijimijibua kashidi padi mulongi udi musombe mfranga ufua. Tshidi ne mushinga wa bungi ntshia se: Federal Parent PLUS Loan udi ufua 100% pikala muledi mufue anyi mulongi uvua muledi musombeshe mufue, kakuyi dibanza dia bitadi bia mbulamatadi.
5. Makuta a muntu nkayende: Muinshi mua 15 U.S.C. Section 1650(g)(2), bafidi ba makuta a balongi ba pa nkayabu badi ne tshia diakamue kulekela muena mudimu nende ku bujitu buonso pikala mulongi wa kumpala udi musombesha makuta ufua (ne bafidi ba makuta banene ba pa nkayabu badi kabidi bafila luse lua lufu pikala mulongi mufue ku makuta a kale).
6. Bikala muena dibanza uvua ne bulema bukole bua mubidi anyi bua lungenyi: lomba diakamue bua kupeta bulema bua kashidi ne bua kashidi (TPD) Dipatuka mu DisabilityDischarge.gov (Nelnet / StudentAid.gov). Muinshi mua mikenji mipiamipia ya Tshibambalu tshia malu a tulasa tshia mu États-Unis (34 CFR 685.213), udi mukumbane bua kupeta 100% ya dijimija dia makuta onso a balongi a mbulamatadi ne a TEACH Grants (kakuyi diteyi dia kale dia dilonda dia makuta a bidimu 3 panyima pa dipatuka mu kalasa) wewe mupeta UMUE wa njila isatu:
7. VA Pathway: Dipangadika dia kudi tshibambalu tshia malu a basalayi ba kale tshia mu États-Unis dia bulema bua 100% budi bufumina ku mudimu anyi dipanga dia mudimu dia muntu nkayende;
8. Njila wa SSA: Dipeta dia tshishimbi tshia bulema tshia bukubi bua bantu (SSDI) anyi makuta a bukubi a pa mutu (SSI) muinshi mua bitupa bia dikonkonona dia malu a luondapu, diambuluisha dia luse, anyi bidimu 5+ bia diambuluisha dia bulema;
9. Njila wa dianyisha dia mudimu wa bukola bua mubidi: Munganga udi ne mukanda wa dianyisha (MD / DO), Munganga wa mudimu (NP), Muambuluishi wa munganga (PA), anyi mumanyi wa malu a lungenyi** udi utua tshiala pa mukanda wa mabeji abidi wa TPD udi ujadika ne: bulema buebe bua mubidi anyi bua lungenyi budi bukupangisha bua kuenza mudimu udi ukupetesha makuta a bungi ne budi buenzeke (anyi budi ne bua kuikalaku) ngondo mitue ku 60 (bidimu 5)** anyi budi mua kufikisha ku lufu.
10. Bikala tshilongelu tshieba tshia tulasa tua bikadilu anyi tshia mudimu tshikanga mu tshimpitshimpi paudi mubuela mu kalasa (anyi mu matuku 180 panyima pa wewe mumane kupatuka): KUFIKISHI makuta ebe too ne paudi umona ne: "Dipatuka dia tulasa dikanga" dia 100% (34 CFR 685.214). Shi tshilongelu tshieba tshikanga ne kuyi mujikije programe au ku diambuluisha dia dilongesha anyi difila dia makuta, udi ne bukenji bua dishipa dia 100% dia mfranga yonso ya mbulamatadi ya Direct ne PLUS iudi musombe bua tshilongelu atshi, pamue ne dipingaja dia makuta onso a dolare yonso iudi mumane kufuta, ne dipingaja dia matuku ebe onso a muoyo Pell Grant Eligibility (LEU).
11. Imana auto-debit (ACH) makuta adibu bafuta ku konte wa mfranga udibu bafute diakamue padi dilomba diebe dia dipatuka mu kalasa dienda dijika. Dîba diudi ufila mukanda wa lufu, dilomba dia dipatuka dia bulema dia TPD, anyi dilomba dia dipatuka dia mu kalasa dikanga kudi muena mudimu webe wa mbulamatadi (MOHELA, Aidvantage, EdFinancial, Nelnet, anyi CRI), mikenji ya mbulamatadi idi ilomba kudi muena mudimu bua kuela makuta mu difutu dia lukasa dia matuku 60 too ne ku 120, kuimanyika dibikila dionso dia difuta dia bitadi ne dia disangisha dia makuta.

Mutshi wa mapangadika: Disungula dia ntatu ya mfranga ya balongi (Lufu, Dinyanguka dia makuta, Bulema, anyi Dikanga dia tulasa)¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Tshilumbu tshia mfranga ya balongi: Lufu lua muena mudimu/muena mfranga, dinyanguka dia mfranga, bulema bukole, anyi dikanga dia tulasa"] --> CheckType["Tshitupa 1: Buela mu StudentAid.gov ne mu luapolo lua mfranga bua kutapulula mfranga ya mbulamatadi ne mfranga ya pa nkaya"]

    CheckType --> CrisisBranch{"Mu malu 4 a tshimpitshimpi, ntshinyi tshivua tshienzeke?"}

    CrisisBranch -->|"1. Muena mudimu nende mmufue anyi mufunda tshitupa tshia 7/13 tshia dijimija dia makuta (mulongi utshidi ne muoyo)"| CosignerPath["Dikuba dia mfranga ya muntu nkayende: Ela TILA 15 U.S.C. 1650(g)(1) Kukandika dijimija dia makuta ne dienda dia lukasa, funda dilomba dia CFPB pikalaku njiwu, ne kutungunuka ne kufuta ku ngondo yonso"]

    CrisisBranch -->|"2. Mulongi uvua musombe uvua mufue (anyi muledi uvua mufue ku dibanza dia Parent PLUS)"| DeathPath["Dilekela dia lufu bilondeshile mikenji: Federal Direct & Parent PLUS (34 CFR 685.212) 100% Tax-Free Cancellation; Makuta a muntu nkayende (15 U.S.C. 1650(g)(2)) Mufundi wa tshiala"]

    CrisisBranch -->|"3. Musombeshi uvua ne bulema bua mubidi anyi bua lungenyi bua matuku a bungi"| DisabilityPath["Bulema buonso ne bua kashidi (TPD): Enza dilomba ku StudentAid.gov ku diambuluisha dia VA (100%), SSA (SSDI/SSI), anyi MD/DO/NP/PA/Psychologist 60-Month Certification"]

    CrisisBranch -->|"4. Tshilongelu tshia tulasa tua bikadilu anyi tshia mudimu tshikanga mu tshimpitshimpi anyi mulongi mushimibue"| ClosedSchoolPath["Tshilongelu tshikanga ne dikuba dia badi basomba: Lomba bua kupatuka mu tshilongelu tshikanga 100% (34 CFR 685.214), Dikuba dia basomba (34 CFR 685.401), ne dilomba dia dipingaja dia makuta kudi ditunga dia STRF"]

Tshitupa 1: Lufu lua muena mudimu nende anyi dinyanguka dia makuta a mulongi: kuimanyika "Auto-Default" udi kayi mu mikenji.¶

Pabuipi ne 90 pa lukama ya makuta a balongi ba mu kalasa ka kumpala adi alomba muntu mukulumpe udi mua kutua tshiala (pa tshibidilu muledi, kaku, anyi muanabu). Kumpala kua 2018, mikanda ya dilomba dia makuta kudi balongi ivua ne tshitupa tshia dipanga dia makuta ne dia lufu lua lukasa: bikala muntu uvua mufunda mukanda au mufue anyi mufile mukanda wa dijimija dia makuta, tshiamu tshia ordinatere tshia banke tshivua tshileja ne: dipanga dia makuta dia lukasa, nansha muvua mulongi wa bidimu 21 kayi muanji kufuta makuta. Mufidi wa makuta udi mua kulomba dolare yonso 30,000 too ne ku 100,000 mu matuku 30, kunyanga tshitupa tshia makuta tshia mulongi, ne kutshinyisha bua kumulomba makuta.

Mushindu kayi udi mikenji ya ditunga (15 U.S.C. Section 1650(g)) Udi ukulama lelu¶

Mu ngondo muitanu 2018, tshipangu tshia ditunga tshiakateka tshitupa tshia 601 tshia meyi a dikola dia bubanji, diambuluisha dia mikenji, ne dikuba dia basumbishi (Public Law 115-174), uvua mushintulule Bulelela mu dilomba dia makuta (TILA, 15 U.S.C. Tshitupa tshia 1650(g)) tshituadija mu dia matuku 20 ngondo wa dikumi ne umua 2018:

1. Dikandika dionso dia lufu lua muena mudimu nende anyi dinyanguka dia makuta (15 U.S.C. 1650(g)(1)):
2. "Mufidi wa makuta a tulasa tua pa nkayende kena mua kumanyisha dipanga dia makuta anyi kubandisha dibanza dia makuta a tulasa tua pa nkayende anu bua dinyanguka anyi lufu lua muena mudimu nende to."
3. Shi muledi obe nansha nkambua obe udi mufue anyi mufunda mukanda wa dijimija dia makuta mu nshapita wa 7 anyi nshapita wa 13, mufidi wa makuta kena mua kulomba difutu dijima, kena mua kumanyisha Equifax/Experian/TransUnion dibanza diebe bu dipanga kufuta to, kena mua kubandisha bitadi biebe bia makuta, ne **kena mua kuenzeja bua kukeba mufidi wa makuta mupiamupia to. Dibanza diebe didi ditungunuka ne kufuta ku ngondo yonso ne wewe nkayebe udi mushale.
4. Legacy Loans Signed BEFORE 20 November 2018:
5. Nansha bua makuta a kale a kumpala kua 2018, Biro bia bukubi bua makuta a badi basumba bintu (CFPB) ne ba procureur général ba ditunga mbapatule mikenji idi idimuija bena mudimu (Navient / MOHELA, Sallie Mae, Firstmark, AES, Launch Servicing) ne kulomba meyi a auto-default masokoka kudi bafidi ba makuta mpindieu kudi kuenza Tshienzedi anyi tshilele tshidi katshiyi tshiakane, tshidi tshishima anyi tshidi tshinyanga bantu (UDAAP) muinshi mua 12 U.S.C. Section 5531, ne pabuipi ne bafidi ba makuta banene ba pa nkayabu mbalekele dienza dia auto-default mu bibutshilu biabu bia kale.
6. Dilekedibua dia muena mudimu pamue pikala mulongi wa kalasa ka kumpala ufua (15 U.S.C. 1650(g)(2)):
7. Shi tshinyangu ntshia lufu lua mulongi uvua musombe makuta, mikenji ya ditunga (15 U.S.C. Section 1650(g)(2)) udi ulomba ne: "muena dibanza dia tulasa tua pa nkayende udi ne bua kulekela mu tshikondo tshikumbane muntu yonso udi muele tshiala pa mabanza adi mu dibanza edi ne bua kuenza." Baledi anyi bankambua bavua batua tshiala pa dibanza dia tulasa tua pa nkaya badi bapatula mu mikenji bua kufuta nansha dikuta dimue pikala mulongi ufua.

Tablo wa difuanyikija: Tshidi tshienzekela mushindu wonso wa mfranga ya mulongi padiye ufua, padiye ufua anyi padiye upeta bulema¶

Tshitupa 2: Dilomba dia bulema bua kashidi ne bua kashidi (TPD) Dipatuka¶

Wewe (anyi muledi udi ne dibanza dia Parent PLUS) udi ne disama dikole dia ku mubidi, disama dia tshimpitshimpi, disama dia mitu, anyi disama dia lungenyi didi dipangisha bua kuenza mudimu wa ku dîba ne ku dîba, lomba Bulema bua kashidi ne bua kashidi (TPD) Dipatuka (34 CFR 685.213), udi ujimija 100 pa lukama ya makuta ebe a mbulamatadi, makuta a FFEL, makuta a Perkins, ne makuta a TEACH Grant.

Mashintuluka 4 a Pro-Borrower adi enzeka (34 CFR 685.213)¶

Mu 2023-2026, Tshibambalu tshia malu a tulasa tshia mu États-Unis tshiakashintulula mikenji ya mbulamatadi ya TPD bua kumbusha mateyi a mbulamatadi avua kumpala atekesha bantu bavua ne bulema bua kusomba makuta:

1. Divulangana dia nganyi udi mua kutua tshiala pa mukanda webe wa dianyisha dia buanga:
2. Mukanda weba wa TPD Discharge udi mpindieu mua kutua tshiala kudi Munganga udi ne mukanda wa dianyisha (MD anyi DO), Munganga udi wenza mudimu wa bu-munganga (NP), a Muambuluishi wa munganga (PA), NANSHA Mumanyi wa malu a lungenyi mujadika ku tshilongelu tshia master anyi tshia doctorat.
3. Dijimija dia bidimu bisatu bia panyima pa dipatuka mu lupitadi "Dilonda dia makuta" dia mikanda:
4. Tshikebelu tshia kale tshia bidimu bisatu tshia kulonda makuta tshidi tshijimijibue. Makuta ebe a kusombesha neapingajibue anu wewe muangate ku budisuile makuta mapiamapia a balongi anyi TEACH Grant mu bidimu bisatu bia dipatuka mu kalasa.
5. 4 Dikuba dia bantu dia tshianana (SSA) Bitupa bia dianyisha:
6. Pa kumbusha dipetangana dia malu dia tshianana bua basombeshi badi ne bulema bua Social Security (SSDI anyi SSI) dimanyisha didi diteka a Medical Improvement Not Expected (MINE) dikonkonona dia bidimu 5 too ne ku 7, udi mukumbane ku diambuluisha dia mikanda ya SSA pikala: (a) dikonkonona diebe didi dilonda didi ku bidimu 3 ne udi mupete SSDI/SSI munkatshi mua bidimu 5, (b) udi mukumbane muinshi mua Social Security Compassionate Allowance, anyi © dituku dia ntuadijilu dia bulema buebe divua bidimu 5.
7. Zero Federal Income Tax (IRC Section 108(f)(5)):
8. Muinshi mua 26 U.S.C. Section 108(f)(5), makuta a balongi (a a mbulamatadi ne a pa nkaya) adibu bafuta bua lufu anyi bua bulema buonso ne bua kashidi adi apatula mu makuta onso adibu bapeta bua bitadi bia mbulamatadi.

Mibelu ya kulonda bua kufunda mukanda webe wa dipatuka dia TPD lelu¶

1. Ambula tshibuta tshia dilomba dia TPD tshia mbulamatadi ku StudentAid.gov/tpd (anyi DisabilityDischarge.gov):
2. Bikila tshibambalu tshia malu a tulasa tshia mu États-Unis ku telefone wa TPD Servicer ku 1-888-303-7818 anyi utuadije dilomba dia ku Enternete ku StudentAid.gov. Kubamanyisha kudi kuteka 120-matuku a luse lua mbulamatadi pa mabanza ebe onso a mbulamatadi diakamue.
3. Tshiudi MD / DO / NP / PA / Psychologist Udi ne tshia kujikija mu tshitupa 4:
4. Munganga webe udi ne tshia: (a) kutangila ni bulema buebe bua mubidi anyi bua lungenyi budi bukupangisha "mudimu udi ufila makuta a bungi", (b) kutangila ni bulema buenze (anyi budi ne bua kuikala) ngondo mitue ku 60 mishindame (bidimu 5) anyi bufikishe ku lufu, ne © kufunda miaku 2 anyi 3 idi ileja tshipatshila tshiebe ** tshia kuenza mudimu, ne mikalu ya muaba uudi muimane, bukole, anyi dienza dia malu mu nsombelu.
5. Tuma "Dilomba dia TPD dia mfranga ya balongi ba pa nkayabu":
6. Shi udi na mabanza a pa nkayebe kudi Sallie Mae, SoFi, Discover, College Ave, Citizens Bank, nansha Earnest, lomba Private Loan Total and Permanent Disability Discharge Form ne ulamakaja mukanda webe wa dianyisha anyi mukanda wa dianyisha dia SSA mufunda kudi munganga.

Tshitupa 3: Dikanga dia tshimpitshimpi dia tulasa tua bikadilu: dilomba dia 100% "Dipatuka dia tulasa tua bungi" (34 CFR 685.214)¶

Padi tshilongelu tshia pa nkaya tshidi ne lutatu lua mfranga, tshilongelu tshia malu a dizola, programe wa baminganga anyi tshilongelu tshia midimu ya bianza tshimanyisha mu tshimpitshimpi ne: tshidi tshijimija dianyisha ne tshikanga biibi biatshi bua kashidi, tulasa tua pabuipi tudi misangu ya bungi tuenza "bibilu bia dishintulula" dituku didi dilonda mu dinda bua kulomba balongi bua kupingana diakamue. Imana ne enza mudimu ne nomba ya makuta kumpala kua kutua tshiala pa mukanda wa difila dia makuta.

Mushindu kayi udi mbulamatadi mukanga tulasa (34 CFR 685.214) Udi wenza mudimu¶

Muinshi mua 20 U.S.C. Section 1087(c) ne 34 CFR 685.214, udi ne bukenji bua kupeta 100 pa lukama ya dijimija dia makuta onso adi mbulamatadi wa ditunga ufila, makuta adi kaayi ne diambuluisha, makuta a direct PLUS (Grad PLUS ne Parent PLUS), ne makuta a Perkins audi musombe bua kubuela mu kalasa aku, pamue ne dipingajila dia makuta onso audi mufute kale ne dipingaja dia makuta ebe onso a muoyo (dianyisha)LEU), shi udi ukumbaja malu asatu:

1. Uvua mufundisha pavua tulasa tukanga, NANSHA Uvua mupatuke mu matuku 180 kumpala kua tulasa tuakanga:
2. Nansha wewe mumone bimanyinu bia didimuija ne mulekele tulasa matuku 180 kumpala kua dituku dia dijika dia mbulamatadi (anyi matuku a bungi pikalabi bivudijibue kudi Tshibambalu tshia malu a tulasa), udi mukumbane.
3. Kuena mujikije programe mu tshilongelu tshikanga to:
4. Shi uvua mupangile semestre umua bua kujikija tulasa pavua biibi bikanga, udi mukumbane bua kupeta dijimija dia mfranga 100% bua tshikondo tshionso tshiuvua mulonge kuntu aku.
5. Mukenji wa mushinga mukole wa "Dilongesha / Difila dia makuta" muinshi mua 34 CFR 685.214:
6. Udi anu ne bukenji bua kupeta 100% wa dipatuka mu tulasa tuakanga pa kumbusha wewe mujikije programe eu ku diambuluisha dia tshipungidi tshia dilongesha tshilongolola kudi tulasa anyi mujikije programe wa muomumue mu tshilongelu tshikuabu pa kufila makuta audi mupete mu tulasa tudibu bakange.
7. Dibala dia meji: Shi uvua musombe $40,000 mu mfranga ya mbulamatadi ku tshilongelu tshinene tshidi tshifuma ku dijika ne iniversite wa pabuipi udi ukulomba bua kuitaba 9 ya ku 45 credits yebe, kufila credits 9 ayi mu programe wa muomumue kudi mua kujimija bukenji buebe bua kumbusha dibanza dia \(40,000**. Kubenga kufila makuta, kulomba **100% wa dipatuka dia tulasa (\)40,000 muvuije $0), ne kudifundisha mupiamupia kudi kulama $40,000 pamue ne bitadi.
8. Kupingaja makuta a tulasa a mu tshibombi ku diambuluisha dia "Tshibutshilu tshia makuta a tulasa tua balongi" tshia ditunga dienu (STRF)":
9. Matunga mapite pa 30 a mu États-Unis (kusangisha ne BPPE Student Tuition Recovery Fund / STRF, New York's Tuition Reimbursement Account, Texas, Florida, Illinois, and Ontario's TCAF) kulama makuta a mbulamatadi anyi mikanda ya tshijadiki idi ipingaja balongi makuta a tulasa tua pambelu ne makuta a balongi ba pa nkayabu padi tulasa tudi ne mukanda wa dianyisha tujika. Fila dilomba kudi State Higher Education Licensing Agency (SHEEO) mpindieu.

Tshitupa 4: Mukanda wa dikokangana dia miaku bua kuimanyika dipanga dia mfranga ya muntu nkayende¶

Tuma ku diambuluisha dia mukanda wa dianyisha (dilomba dia mukanda wa dipingaja) ne utume ku tshibuelelu tshia Servicer
Kudi: [Private Student Loan Servicer Name], Attn: Mudimu wa pa buawu / Dikokangana dia mfranga ne dibandisha dia balombodi
Re: Nomba wa konte [Loan #]: Dikandika dia mikenji dia lufu lua muena mudimu nende anyi dipanga dia makuta ne dienda dia lukasa bilondeshile 15 U.S.C. Tshitupa 1650(g)

"Muena mudimu wa mfranga: Ndi mulongi wa kumpala udi ulomba mfranga pa konte wa mfranga ya tulasa tua pa nkaya #[Nomba]. Ndi mfunda bua [lufu / Nshapita wa 7 anyi wa 13 wa dijimija dia makuta] wa muena mudimu nanyi, [Dîna dijima dia muena mudimu nanyi], mu [Dituku]. Nuangate dimanyisha edi bilondeshile tshitupa tshia 160 tshia malu a mpetu. Dikola, diambuluisha dia mikenji, ne dikuba dia basumbishi (Mikenji ya patoke 115-174), mifunda mu mukenji wa bulelela mu difila dia makuta mu tshitupa tshia 15 U.S.C. Section 1650(g)(1)**, ne Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) udi ulombola malu adi kaayi makane ne dienza dia malu mabi (U.S.C. 5531), mufidi wa makuta wa pa nkayende udi mukandika bikole bua kumanyisha dipanga dia makuta, kubandisha dibanza, kushintulula tshipiminu tshia makuta, anyi kufila luapolo lua malu adi aleja dipanga dia makuta anu bua lufu anyi dinyanguka dia muena mudimu nanyi Konte wanyi udi mpindieu ne udi mu nsombelu muimpe, ne nentungunuke ne kutuma makuta anyi a ngondo yonso mu tshikondo tshia Pase. kufunda mu matuku 14 ne: [Dîna dia muena mudimu] mmushintuluke bua kumbusha dibanza dia muena mudimu nende kakuyi diteka dia mfranga yanyi mu dipanga dia makuta anyi mu dienda dia lukasa, ne ne: kakuena luapolo lua mfranga mibi ludi mua kutumibua kudi Equifax, Experian anyi TransUnion to."

Nomba ya tshimpitshimpi ya mu tshijengu ne mikenji ya bibambalu¶

Nkonko itubu bela misangu ya bungi¶

Bikala muananyi mufue ne meme muangate mfranga ya Federal Parent PLUS mu dina dianyi bua kufuta tulasa tuabu tua iniversite, ndi anu ne bua kufuta mfranga ya Parent PLUS anyi?¶

Tòo. Mu tshitupa tshia 437(a) tshia mukenji wa tulasa tua bikadilu (20 U.S.C. tshitupa tshia 1087(a)(1)) ne 34 CFR 685.212(a)(2), dibanza dia baledi ne dia mbulamatadi didi dijika 100 pa lukama pikala muledi uvua musombe mulongi ufua anyi mulongi uvua musombe mu dibanza dia baledi. Tshiudi ne tshia kuenza ntshia kutuma kopi mujadika anyi tshimfuanyi tshijalame tshia mukanda wa lufu kudi muena mudimu webe wa makuta a mfranga. Pa kumbusha, bilondeshela tshitupa tshia 108(f)(5) tshia meyi a bitadi bia munda mua ditunga, tshitupa tshia Parent PLUS tshidi tshipatuka tshidi tshipatuka 100 pa lukama tshia bitadi bia mbulamatadi, nunku kuakupeta mukanda wa bitadi wa IRS bua dibanza didibu bumbushe to.

Netuambe tshinyi bikala baledi banyi batua tshiala pa dibanza dianyi dia balongi ne meme musue kubambusha padibu ne makanda a mubidi mimpe: mmunyi mudi "Co-Signer Release" wenza mudimu?¶

Mikanda ya bungi ya dilaya dia mfranga ya balongi idi ne tshipungidi tshia Co-Signer Release panyima pa mulongi udi musombe mulongi mumane kujikija tulasa ne wenza 12 too ne ku 48 milondangane, pa dîba dia ngondo yonso dia makuta a ntuadijilu ne a ntatu ne mupita tshikebelu tshia mfranga ne tshia dibanza dia makuta. Ino, bafidi ba mfranga ya pa nkaya batu misangu ya bungi banyangakaja bukenji bua kulekela muena mudimu nabu pa kuenza mudimu ne makuta makuabu bu "mafuta kumpala" pamutu pa kubala ku tshibutshilu tshia ngondo yonso tshidi tshilondangana, anyi pa kubenga kulekela wewe muenze mudimu nansha ne ngondo umua wa lutulu lua mbulamatadi. Misangu yonso utume dilomba difunda dileja muena mudimu mushindu wa kubala makuta adibu bafuta bua kupatula muena mudimu nende.

Meme mupeta dianyisha dia bulema bua kashidi (TPD) bua makuta anyi a mulongi a mbulamatadi, badiku bankandika bua kuenza kabidi mudimu wa tshitupa tshîpi anyi?¶

Tòo. Pavua tshibambalu tshia malu a tulasa tshia mu États-Unis tshishintulule 34 CFR 685.213 mu ngondo wa 7 wa 2023, tshiakajimija bua kashidi mukenji wa kale wa dilonda dia makuta a bidimu 3 panyima pa dipatuka mu lupitadi uvua umbusha dipatuka dia makuta a TPD pikala muntu mulema uvua musombe makuta apita pa tshipiminu tshia bupele anyi kayi upeta makuta a tshidimu tshijima. Lelu, padibu banyisha dipatuka diebe dia TPD, makuta ebe adi afutshibua bua kashidi ne neapingajibue ANYI wewe muenze dilomba ne mupete makuta mapiamapia a mbulamatadi wa Direct Student Loan anyi TEACH Grant mu bidimu bisatu bia dituku dia dipatuka.

Makuta a balongi adi mua kujika mu nshapita wa 7 anyi nshapita wa 13 wa dinyanguka dia muntu nkayende meme tshiyi mulema anyi?¶

Eyowa, ne mbilue bipepele bikole katshia mu ngondo wa dikumi ne umua 2022. Nansha mudi tshitupa tshia 523(a)(8) tshia mukenji wa dinyanguka dia makuta tshia mu États-Unis tshilomba bua kujadika "malu makole adi kaayi makane" mu tshilumbu tshia muluishi bua kujikija makuta a balongi a mbulamatadi anyi a pa nkaya, Tshibambalu tshia malu a mikenji tshia mu États-Unis (DOJ) ne Tshibambalu tshia malu a tulasa tshia mu États-Unis badi mpindieu benza mudimu ne tshipiminu tshia 51. Mukanda wa tshijadiki tshia dijimija dia mfranga ya balongi udi ubala makuta audi mufute mpindieu bilondeshile mikenji ya ditunga dia IRS, udi ufila bukenji kudi ba avocat ba DOJ bua kufila dipangadika dia dijimija dia mfranga dijima anyi dia tshitupa mu bilumbu bidi bikumbane kakuyi dilumbuluisha dia mushinga mukole. Pa kumbusha, mabanza a pa nkaya adi mapita mushinga wa kalasa udi mujadikibue anyi adibu benze nawu mudimu bua tulasa tudi katuyi tua Title-IV anyi bua kulonga mu bar kaena bukubibue kudi 11 U.S.C. 523(a)(8) ne udi mua kupatuka mu tshilumbu tshia nshapita wa 7.

Tshilongelu tshietu katshivua tshikanga tshishiki to, kadi tshiakanshima bua bungi bua bantu bavua bapeta mudimu, bungi bua bantu bavua bapeta mikanda ya dianyisha anyi bua dianyisha diabu. Ndi mua kujimija mfranga yanyi anyi?¶

Eyowa. Shi tshilongelu tshinene, tshilongelu tshinene, anyi tshilongelu tshia mudimu tshienza malu adi kaayi malelela, dishipa dia tshipungidi, anyi dishima dia kuangata bantu mu mudimu pa bidi bitangila bungi bua bantu badi bapeta dipoloma, bungi bua bantu badibu bapeta ku mudimu, bipeta bia difutu, difila dia makuta, anyi dianyisha dia kupeta mukanda wa mudimu, udi mua kufila dilomba dia Borrower Defense to Repayment (34 CFR 6858) ku 1000. StudentAid.gov/borrower-defense. Kufila dilomba dia Borrower Defense kudi kuteka makuta eba a mbulamatadi mu dianyisha dia lukasa dia mbulamatadi padi Tshibambalu tshia malu a tulasa tshikebulula ne tshilumbuluisha dishipa dia makuta 100 pa lukama.

Malu adi apetangana¶

• Dilomba dia diambuluisha dia makuta dia tshimpitshimpi (SAP), diimanyika dia makuta a tulasa, ne diumusha dia nzubu mu tshilongelu
• Tshinyangu tshia dishipa dia dianyisha dia tulasa tua bikadilu: dijimija dia tulasa tua bikadilu anyi dimanyisha dia malu a dinyoka
• Malu a tshimpitshimpi a kulonga mu matunga makuabu: tshishimbi tshia dipatuka dia mu iniversite 24/7, diambuluisha dia ba-consulaire, ne disungula dia baledi
• Bulema ne majinga a luondapu mu bikondo bia tshimpitshimpi
• Nomba ya tshimpitshimpi ne dituma dia matunga makuabu

Miaba ne buludiki bua mbulamatadi¶

• U.S. Congress & Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB): Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act, Section 601 (Public Law 115-174, Amending the Truth in Lending Act at 15 U.S.C. Section 1650(g): Prohibition on Private Education or Default Dienda dia lukasa pa lufu anyi dinyanguka dia muena mudimu ne dilekela dia muena mudimu pa lufu lua mulongi udi musombe).
• TUETU. Tshibambalu tshia tulasa, biro bia diambuluisha dia balongi (StudentAid.gov): William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program Discharge Regulations: 34 CFR Section 685.212 (Death Discharge, Including Parent PLUS Loans), 34 CFR Section 685.213 (Total and Permanent Disability Discharge Rules), 34 CFR Section 6852C14C, Discharged and CFR (CFR 443). Tshitupa tshia 685.401 (Dikuba dia muena dibanza bua kupingaja).
• Tshibambalu tshia makuta a munda mua ditunga (IRS) ne Tshibambalu tshia makuta a mu États-Unis: Mukenji wa makuta a munda mua ditunga 26 U.S.C. Tshitupa tshia 108(f)(5) (Dipatula dia makuta a bungi a dibanza dia balongi ba mbulamatadi ne ba pa nkayabu badibu balekele bua lufu anyi bua bulema buonso ne bua kashidi).
• TUETU. Tshibambalu tshia malu a mikenji (DOJ) ne Tshibambalu tshia malu a tulasa tshia mu États-Unis: Bulombodi bua ba avocat ba mu tshibambalu etshi pa bidi bitangila dinyanguka dia makuta a balongi (11 U.S.C. Tshitupa tshia 523(a)(8) Mushindu wa kujadika ntatu idi kayiyi mikumbane).
• UK Student Loans Company (SLC), Employment and Social Development Canada (CSFA Program), & Australian Department of Education (Tuition Protection Service / TPS): Statutory Student Loan Cancellation Upon Death or Permanent Disability and Closed-Provider Tuition Protection Rules.