Ditapulula dia tshitudilu tshia mazuwa, dienda dia mashinyi, ne njiwu ya dikuluka dia tshianana¶

Bitudilu bia bintu bia mu nzubu wa dilamina bintu bidi ne mabue a beton adibu bateka 1,2 too ne ku 1,35 metre (48 too ne ku 53 inches) pa mutu pa njila wa asphalte wa pambelu bua kukumbaja bule bua panshi bua semi-remorque udi wenda pa mutu pa njila. Kujikija tshitupa tshia 25-to-40-centimetre (10-to-16-inch) ne dishilangana dia bule pankatshi pa tshisasa tshia nzubu wa dilamina bintu ne bulalu bua tshibandilu kudi dock leveler, tshiamu tshia mitaku tshidi ne bujitu bua 600 too ne ku 1400 kilo (1,300 too ne ku 1600) ne tshidi mua kualabaja 40-centimetre (16-inch) tshiamu tshia mitaku tshidi tshisomba ku muelelu wa panyima pa tshibandilu tshia mashinyi. Dîba dionso didi 4,000-kilogram (9,000-pound) counterbalanced forklift udi ne 1,500-kilogram (3,300-pound) pallet wenda upita pa tshibumba tshia tshiamu ne udi uteka frein munda mua remorque, udi utuma remorque kumpala kule ne nzubu ne bukole bua bungi.

Shi tshiamu tshia kunyima tshia semi-remorque tshia ICC / rear impact guard bar katshiyi tshikanga ku tshimanu tshia nzubu kudi tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshienza mudimu nkayatshi (Dok-Lok) ne nkata yende kayiyi mikanga kudi tshiamu tshia nkata tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku tshikole, malu abidi a ditapuluka dia ku tshitudilu tshia mazuwa adi mua kuenzeka: **remorque creep (**dock) muaba udibu bapingaja frein udi wenda unyunguluka tshiamu tshia kuendesha natshi mashinyi bitekete bitekete too ne padi tshiamu tshia 40-centimetre tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku tshipueka ku tshibandilu tshia panyima pa tshiamu tshia mashinyi, anyi dipatuka kumpala kua dîba didi kadiyi dilongolola (kuendakana), muaba udi muendeshi wa mashinyi wela meji mu tshilema ne: dibueja dia bintu ndimane kujika ne ukoka tshiamu tshia mashinyi kule ne tshitudilu tshia mazuwa padiye wenda usabuka tshibumba tshia pallet anyi tshia pallet. Mu tshitupa tshia sekonde, tshiamu tshia dibandisha natshi bintu tshidi tshipueka ku mpala anyi ku mukila mu tshina tshia **1,2-metre (4-foot) pa tshibandilu tshia beton, anyi tshiamu tshia kuenza natshi mudimu tshidi tshiunzulula bua kusukula tshina tshidi tshikuluka bu mudi guillotine wa kilo 1000 pa tshiamu tshia mudimu tshia dilongolola. Kumanya bua tshinyi udi ne tshia kuikala munda mua tshilamba tshia kuulu tshia forklift ne kubenga kutuluka nansha kakese padi tshitudilu tshikuluka, mushindu udi fuse ya lubilu ya hydraulique ipangisha tshiamu tshia kubandila natshi bua kupona, ne mushindu kayi wa kukanga frein wa kapepe ka tshimpitshimpi wa remorque gladhand kumpala kua kubuela mu remorque kudi kusungila mioyo; ikala ne muaba webe nomba ya tshimpitshimpi udi mua kufika, ne kutangila njiwu ya dikuluka dia tshiamu tshia mashinyi ne njiwu ya ku tshitudilu tshia bintu mu nzubu wa dilamina bintu, pallet jack runaway ne warehouse pinning, ne hydraulique jack udi munyanguke ne muele muinshi mua mashinyi.

Enza nunku mpindieu¶

1. Wewe wendesha tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshiteka panshi ne tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshikoka anyi tshiamu tshia kubandila natshi tshidi tshipueka muinshi mua nkata yebe, SHALA MUNDA WA KABI NE KUTUKI. Lama mukaba webe wa bukubi mukanga, teka makasa ebe panshi, kuata munda mua nkata ya mashinyi ne bianza bionso bibidi, ne njila udi umbuka wa tshinyangu; kutuluka pa tshiamu tshia 4,000-kilograms (9,000-pound) tshidi tshipueka tshidi tshiteka mubidi webe buludiludi muinshi mua tshiamu tshia kukuba natshi mutu (ROPS) paditshi tshikuma pa asphalte.
2. Wewe wenza mudimu ne mashinyi adi afika anyi walkie pallet jack udi ne tshitupa tshia panyima tshiunzulula ne tshiamu tshidi tshituadija kukuluka ku muelelu wa tshitudilu tshiunzulula, PIYA KUNYIMA NE UPATUKE MU MUABA AU pa panshi mu nzubu wa dilamina bintu diakamue. Bishilangane ne mashinyi a kusombela (muaba uudi muteka munda mua mukaba), mashinyi manene adi ne tshiamu tshia pallet tshidi ne motere udi ne motere kuyi ne mukaba wa bukubi nansha tshiibi tshia kunyima; bena mudimu balongeshibue kudi muenji wa mashinyi badi bapueka buludiludi panyima pa tshibandilu bua kabatshinyi kudi tshiamu tshia batterie ne tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshikuluka.
3. Wewe mumone semi-remorque wenda uya kumpala anyi muendeshi wa mashinyi manene utuadija kumbuka padi muena mudimu nebe utshidi munda mua remorque, ela lusengu lua kapepe anyi lusengu lua forklift misangu yonso ne ukuma tshiamu tshia pambelu tshia RED DOK-LOK / STOP LIGHT override switch. Ela muendeshi wa mashinyi udi ku luseke lua muendeshi wa mashinyi mbila (tangila ku luseke luende tshimuenekelu tshia ku muelelu wa ku ouest) bua IMANYISHA NE KALAME,kunyemi nansha kakese pankatshi pa kunyima kua semi-remorque udi wenda ne bimanu bia tshitudilu tshia beton to.
4. KUENA mua kubuela mu tshina tshia beton tshidi muinshi mua tshiamu tshia hydraulique anyi tshia mecanique bua kukomba bipendu, kuangata biamu bia mudimu bidi bipueka, anyi kulongolola bipese bia tshiamu tshia mitaku, anu pikala tshiamu tshia Maintenance Strut (Safety Prop Arm) tshikanga bimpe ne tshiamu tshia nzembu tshikanga. Bikala tshiamu tshia hydraulique anyi tshiamu tshia nzembu tshikuate. tshilamba tshidi tshisesuka pa tshiamu tshia mitaku tshia kilo 1000 (2200-pound) tshidi katshiyi tshikuatshisha, tshidi tshibuela mu tshina mu tusunsa 0,3 ne bukole bua tshingoma budi bushipa.
5. Bikala muena mudimu nebe mukuatshike muinshi mua tshiamu tshia dibandisha natshi bintu tshidi tshikuluke pa tshibandilu tshia pambelu anyi mukuatshike muinshi mua tshiamu tshia dibandila natshi bintu tshidi tshikuluke, KUTEKI bua kubandisha tshiamu tshia kilo 4 000 ku diambuluisha dia tshiamu tshia kuela natshi bintu tshia mu tshilaminu tshia bintu anyi ne tshiamu tshia kubandisha natshi bintu tshidi katshiyi ne tshibandilu tshia mabaya makole to. Kanga tshiamu tshia dibandisha natshi bintu tshidi tshikuluka anyi tshiamu tshia kuela natshi bintu tshidi tshikuluka umbusha tshiamu tshia nzembu diakamue bua kuepuka kapia, ubikile 911 / 112 / 999 bua kupeta biamu bia mudimu bia mudimu wa kapia, ne ela mabaya makole 4x4 anyi 6x6 mu tshitupa tshionso tshia milimetre pikala tshiamu tshibidi tshia bukole bua bungi anyi tshiamu tshia dibandisha natshi bintu ne bua kuambula bujitu.
6. Kumpala kua kuela nkata umue pa tshibandilu tshia ku tshitudilu tshia mashinyi mu semi-remorque yonso, enza bua wewe nkayebe ikale ne bikunyibua bisatu: (1) Dok-Lok hook wa pambelu udi muenza mudimu (munda mua vert mutoke, pambelu mutoke RED), (2) mashinyi a nkata makole adi makuate bikole ku nseke yonso ibidi ya trailer ne (3) ma remorque adi mapueka/amueneka kaayi ne tracteur mulamakaja, tshintu tshikole tshia tshiamu tshia ku mpala tshia remorque (stabilizing jack) tshidi tshiteka muinshi mua tshiamu tshia kumpala tshia remorque bua remorque kayi mua kukudimuna anyi kukulula maulu ende a tshiamu tshia dipuekesha natshi bintu adi ne mvinyo to.

Mutshi wa dipangadika: Ditapulula dia tshitudilu tshia bintu ne diandamuna dia tshimpitshimpi¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Tshitudilu tshia dibueja bintu, tshitudilu tshia mashinyi, anyi tshiamu tshia tshitudilu tshia tshitudilu tshia tshimpitshimpi"] --> Incident{"Ntshinyi tshidi tshienzeka ku tshitudilu tshia mazuwa?"}
    Incident -->|"Tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshikoka / tshidi tshienda tshienda padi Forklift wenda usabuka"| InCab{"Udi wenza mudimu ne mashinyi a mushindu kayi?"}
    InCab -->|"Sit-Down Counterbalanced Forklift (Belted ROPS Cab)"| StayIn["1. KUPATUKI MU MUTU; 2. Lama mukaba wa bukubi mukanga ne ela maulu bikole pa tshilamba tshia panshi; 3. Kuata munda mua volant ne kulama mutu/mubidi panyima pa nkuasa; 4. Bindile too ne padi tshiamu tshiimana pa asphalte kumpala kua kupatuka"]
    InCab -->|"Stand-Up End-Control Forklift anyi Walkie Pallet Jack"| StepOff["1. Lekela tshianza tshia throttle/deadman diakamue; 2. Shi utshidi pa mutu pa tshisasa tshia nzubu wa dilamina bintu anyi pa bulalu bua remorque, enda bululame KUNYIMA mu tshitupa tshiunzulula kule ne mashinyi adi apona; 3. Kuena ne tshia kukuata tshianza tshia tshiamu tshia walkie padi tshiamu tshia nzembu tshipueka ku tshitudilu tshia 1.2 m (4 ft)"]
    Incident -->|"Forklift mmukuluke ku tshitudilu tshia mazuwa pa asphalte (muena mudimu mmukuate)"| FallenFork["1. Imanyika mashinyi onso adi enda mu lupangu lua mazuwa diakamue; 2. Kanga tshiamu tshia propane anyi koka tshiamu tshia Anderson tshia bateri wa EV; 3. Bikila ku 911 / 112 / 999 bua kupeta diambuluisha dia kapia (ma airbags a bukole bua bungi); 4. KUANGISHI 4,000 kg forklift pa muntu udi mukengeshibue kakuyi dienza dia mabaya"]
    Incident -->|"Muena mudimu mukuatshike muinshi mua dilongo dia tshitekelu tshia mazuwa anyi mu tshina"| PitCrush["1. Fina tshiamu tshia hydraulique tshidi tshienza mudimu ne mâyi Emergency Stop ne ukanga tshintu tshinene tshidi tshikosa; 2. Ela tshiamu tshia mitaku anyi mabaya makole muinshi mua muelelu wa tshibandilu diakamue bua dilongo kadiyi mua kusomba kabidi to; 3. Enza mudimu ne tshiamu tshia hydraulique/jack anyi tshiamu tshia kubandisha natshi bintu tshidi ne tshiamu tshia kubandila natshi bua kubandisha tshibandilu ne kuenza mudimu ne tshiamu tshia Maintenance Strut"]
    Incident -->|"Mushiku wa remorque udi mupueka anyi tshiamu tshia dipueka tshidi tshikuluka"| NoseDive["1. Patula muntu yense kunyima kua tshiamu tshia mashinyi diakamue; 2. KUENJI ne tshiamu tshia dibandisha natshi bintu munda bua kusungila bintu bidi bikuluka to; 3. Kukosa nkata ya kunyima ne kukolesha mpala wa kumpala ne tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshikole anyi tshiamu tshia kukoka natshi bintu"]

Bintu bitanu bidi bifikisha ku ditapuluka dia tshitudilu tshia bintu ne dikuluka dia tshianana¶

1. Trailer creep ("dock walk") on air-ride suspensions¶

Dîba dionso didi tshiamu tshia 5,500-kilograms (12,000-pound combined weight) tshienda tshipita pa tshibandilu tshia ku tshitudilu tshia mazuwa mu nyima kua remorque ne tshiteka frein, tshidi tshituma binunu bia newtons ya bukole bua kumpala mu tshibandilu tshia remorque. Nansha mudi nkata ya kunyima ya remorque mikanga kudi frein ya kapepe, bintu bibidi bidi bienza bua remorque ikale uya kumpala santimetre ku santimetre: - Air-ride suspension squat: Ma semi-remorque a matuku etu aa adi enda pa mifuku ya luya miteka pa maboko adi alonda. Padi tshiamu tshinene tshia dibandisha natshi bintu tshikuluka kunyima kua tshiamu tshia mashinyi, mifuba ya kapepe idi ifina panshi; bualu bua tshimfuanyi tshia diboko dia panyima, dikuma dia tshiamu tshia panyima didi disaka mubidi wa tshiamu tshia mashinyi kumpala 3 too ne ku 8 santimetre (1,2 too ne ku 3 inches) kule ne tshibandilu tshia ku tshitudilu tshia mazuwa. - Dikuluka dia nkata pa tshilamba tshia mashika anyi tshia mashika: Pa asphalte wa mâyi, pa neje anyi pa beton wa mafuta, nkata ya tshiamu tshia nshinga idi mikanga idi ipueka kumpala 1 too ne ku 2 santimetre dîba dionso didi tshiamu tshia dibandisha natshi mashinyi tshienza frein. - The 40-centimeter (16-inch) lip cliff: Standard dock leveler lips are 40 centimètres (16 inches) bule, ne anu 10 to 15 centimètres (4 to 6 inches) idi misombe pa tshibandilu tshia mashinyi. Kunyima kua 8 too ne ku 12 ya ngendu ya forklift, tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshienda ne tshiamu tshia mashinyi kumpala 12 centimètres, tshikoka tshilamba tshia panyima tshidi tshipatuka muinshi mua mushiku wa tshiamu bua luendu lua forklift ludi lulonda lukuluke buludiludi mu tshitupa.

2. Dipatuka kumpala kua dîba didi kadiyi dilongolola ("drive-away")¶

Mu nzubu ya dilamina bintu idi ne biibi bia bungi, muendeshi wa mashinyi manene a pambelu anyi muena mudimu wa traktere wa mu lupangu udi ubala bibi muendu wa tshimanyinu tshia vert udi ku tshiibi tshidi pabuipi anyi umvua tshiamu tshia dilengeja natshi mazuwa tshikuma, udi ulekela frein wa traktere wende, ne uya padi muendeshi wa mashinyi a forklift utshidi munda mua remorque anyi usabuka dibue dia pont.

3. Tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia nzembu tshidi tshipueka tshianana ne tshidi tshienza bua fuse ikale ne lubilu¶

Padi mushiku wa tshitekelu tshia mazuwa wimana pa bulalu bua remorque, remorque udi ukuatshisha muelelu wa kumpala wa tshibandilu. Shi mashinyi adi apita mu tshimpitshimpi padi mashinyi a bujitu bua kilo 5,500 adi pa tshibandilu:

4. Tshiamu tshia remorque tshidi tshimueneka tshidi tshipueka ne tshiamu tshia dipueka natshi¶

Padi tracteur upatuka ku semi-remorque wa bule bua metre 16 (53-foot) ne umushiya muimane ("mutoke") pa maulu ende abidi a kumpala adi ne crank-down maulu a tshiamu tshia dipueka: - Maulu a tshiamu tshia kupueka natshi adi 3 too ne ku 3,5 metre (10 too ne ku 12 feet) kunyima kua diulu dia kumpala dia remorque. - Padi tshiamu tshia 4,000-kilograms tshienda tshifika too ne ku tshibandilu tshia kumpala tshia kumpala kua maulu a tshiamu tshia dipuekela, tshiamu tshia mudimu tshidi mua kuela tshiadi tshia kumpala panshi ("dibue dia muulu"), tshibandisha nkata ya panyima anyi tshikosa biamu bia dipueka bidi ne mvinyo.

5. Mabeji a aluminium adi kaayi ne tshintu ne mabeji adi apatuka¶

Pa mazuwa adi kaayi ne biamu bia kuenza nabi mudimu, bena mudimu batu bateka dockplate wa aluminium (bua mashinyi manene a ku bianza ne biamu bia ku bianza, kabiyi ne bimanu bia ku luseke) anyi dockboard wa tshiamu tshia aluminium (udi ne bimanu bia ku luseke bia jaune bibandisha ne maulu a kukanga nawu kuinshi) mu tshitupa atshi. Kuendesha tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi ne motere pa tshibandilu tshidi katshiyi ne njila anyi kupanga kuteka maulu a kuinshi adi akanga kudi kupingaja tshiamu panyima bu dikoba dia nkunde.

Bienzedi bia lukasa bia kupanduka padi remorque utapuluka anyi forklift upona¶

Tshilejilu A: Tshibandilu tshidi tshiteka panshi tshidi tshipueka ku muelelu kua tshitudilu tshia mazuwa¶

Padi tshiamu tshia 4,000-kilograms (9,000-pound) tshia counterbalanced forklift tshikuluka ku 1.2-metre (4-foot) wa tshitudilu:

1. KUENA mua kulekela anyi kuteta bua kutuluka: Diandamuna dia muntu ne dîba dia kupatuka didi 1,0 too ne ku 1,5 sekonde, kadi tshiamu tshia dibandisha natshi bintu tshidi tshipueka metre 1,2 (4 feet) mu 0,49 sekonde (\(t = \sqrt{2h/g}\)). Kututa kudi kukushiya munkatshi mua mashinyi padi tshiamu tshia dibandisha natshi bintu tshituta pa asphalte, tshikutshibula tshifu tshiebe, tshifu, anyi tshifu tshiebe muinshi mua tshiamu tshia pa mutu (ROPS) anyi tshia dikuba natshi; tangila njiwu ya dikuluka dia tshiamu tshia mashinyi ne njiwu ya ku tshitudilu tshia bintu mu nzubu wa dilamina bintu.
2. Enza mudimu wa 4-point dock-fall brace position munda mua kazubu:
3. Lama mukaba webe wa bukubi mushindame pa tshiadi tshiebe.
4. Kuata tshitupa tshia munda tshia tshiamu tshia mashinyi ne bianza bionso bibidi (tshianza tshinene munda).
5. Kuna maulu onso abidi mu bule ne mu butshiama pa tshiamu tshia panshi.
6. Fina mutu webe ne makaya ebe ku tshitekelu tshia nyima (kuela kule bua kutshikuma) ne ukanga tshiadi tshiebe.
7. Padi tshiamu tshia dibandisha natshi bintu tshiimana tshishiki pa tshilamba tshia pambelu:
8. Ikala mujadike ne: tshiamu tshia dibandisha natshi bintu tshidi tshishindame kumpala kua kutshibulula.
9. Tangila tshifungu tshia mudilu OFF ne kanga tshiamu tshia propane tshia mâyi (LPG) tshia ku tshianza tshia ku tshianza tshia dîba wewe mumvue mupuya wa gaz anyi mumvue tshiona.

Tshilejilu B: Tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshiimana anyi tshiamu tshia walkie pallet jack¶

Ma forklift a ku ndekelu kua mashinyi ne mashinyi a walkie pallet jacks adi alonda **mukenji wa dipanduka udi mushilangane menemene ne wa forklift udi musombe panshi:

1. Mu tshiamu tshia kubandila natshi tshidi tshipueka ku tshitudilu tshia mazuwa: Bualu kakuena nkuasa, kakuena mukaba wa bukubi, ne tshiibi tshia panyima tshiunzulula, bikala tshiibi tshia panyima tshitshidi anu pa mutu pa nzubu wa dilamina bintu anyi pa tshibandilu tshia mashinyi, lekela tshiamu tshia deadman ne upatuke buludiludi KUNYIMA ku tshiibi tshia panyima tshiunzulula pa tshibandilu tshikole, kumbusha mashinyi. (Biwikala ukadi mukuluke mu tshitupa tshia mukila, ikala munda, kuata tshianza, ne utshikuate ku tshitekelu tshia nyima).
2. Ne tshiamu tshia ku bianza anyi tshia walkie: Bikala tshiamu tshia pallet tshikole tshikoka tshiamu tshia kuela nabi bintu pa mushiku wa tshitudilu tshiunzulula, LEKELA BUALU BUA TILLER DIAMUE ne uye ku luseke. Kukuatshi tshianza tshia tshiamu tshia pallet tshidi tshipona nansha kakese; tangila pallet jack runaway ne warehouse pinning.

Disungila dia malu a tekiniki padi muena mudimu nabu mukuatshike muinshi mua tshiamu tshia dibandisha natshi bintu anyi tshiamu tshia kubandila natshi mazuwa¶

1. Kusungila muendeshi wa mashinyi uvua mukuatshike muinshi mua tshiamu tshia dibandisha natshi mashinyi pa tshilamba tshia ku tshitudilu tshia mazuwa¶

1. Lama lupangu ne umbusha njiwu ya kapia/aside mu masekonde 30 a kumpala: Imanyika mashinyi onso adi enda, ujimije kapia, kanga tshiamu tshia propane (anyi umbusha tshiamu tshinene tshia Anderson battery connector pa forklift wa ku nzembu), ukanga tshibumba, ne upuekesha aside wa plomb udi mupatuke ** mu aside ** muena tshinyangu ne mayi; tangila bintu bia tshimpitshimpi.
2. Kubandishi tshiamu tshia 4,000-kilograms kuyi ne bintu bia mudimu ne tshidi tshienda tshikola: Tshiamu tshia mu nzubu wa tshilaminu tshidi ne bujitu bua 3,500 to ne 6,000 kilograms (7,700 to 13,200 pounds). Kutshibandisha ne tshiamu tshia kubandila natshi tshia mushinga mukese nekutute tshiamu tshibidi pa muntu udibu bashipe. Bindile tshibambalu tshia kapia bipese bia luya bia bukole bua bungi anyi wenze mudimu ne tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshikole paudi ulonda mukenji wa "Ubandishe santimetre umue, tshitanda tshia santimetre umue" ne mabaya makole a 4x4 anyi 6x6; tangila hydraulique jack udi munyanguke ne muele muinshi mua mashinyi.
3. Tangila bua disama dia Crush Syndrome pikalaye mulamakaja mutantshi mule kupita minite 15 to ne 30: Shi tshiadi, bikono, anyi mubidi wa muntu udi mukengeshibue mu minite mipite pa 15 to ne 30, enza mudimu pamue ne baminganga badi pa muaba wa disama edi bua kuepuka disama dia hyperkalemie dia lufu.

2. Kusungila muena mudimu uvua mukuatshike muinshi mua tshiamu tshia dilongolola natshi mazuwa tshivua tshikuluke mu tshina¶

Tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku tshidi ne bujitu bua kilo 600 too ne ku 1 400 (1 300 too ne ku 3 100 ya kilo)**. Shi tshiamu tshia mudimu tshidi tshipatuka padi muena mudimu mu tshina:

1. Ela diakamue muelelu wa mushiku wa kumpala: Ela tshiamu tshia mitaku, nsongo ya forklift, anyi dibaya dikole muinshi mua muelelu wa kumpala bua dilongo kadiyi mua kusomba bikole pa tshiadi to.
2. Kubandisha kupitshila ku tshitupa tshia munkatshi mua tshibandilu: Ela tshintu tshia kubandila natshi anyi tshingoma mu tshina tshia kulongolola tshia munkatshi mua tshibandilu, kubandisha ne tshiamu tshia nshinga tshidi tshiteka pa mutshi wa forklift anyi pa tshiamu tshia hydraulique tshia kusungila natshi bintu, kanga tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia kulongolola tshidi munda, ne upatule tshintu tshidi tshikengedibua.

Mushindu kayi wa kukanga semi-remorque bua semi-remorque ikale kayi mua kuenzeka¶

Mulongo wa malu a bukubi kumpala kua kubuela mu tshitudilu tshia bintu ne tshia forklift¶

Ujikije tshijadiki etshi tshia malu atanu kumpala kua wewe kuendesha mashinyi pa tshibandilu tshionso:

• Tangila tshiamu tshia dimanyishangana tshia butoke tshikunze/tshikunze ne mudimu wa Dok-Lok: Tangila ne: butoke bua pambelu budi butangila muendeshi wa mashinyi budi butokesha butoke ne butoke bua munda budi butangile kuebe budi BUTUKU butoke, ne tangila bimpe ne: mushiku wa tshiamu tshia nzembu udi ne **bule bua 10 centimètres (4 inches) bua dikala pa tshilamba tshikole panshi pa remorque.
• Angata nshinga ya mudilu wa muendeshi wa mashinyi anyi ela tshiamu tshia Gladhand Air-Brake Lock pikalaku kakuyi Dok-Lok udi wenza mudimu nkayende: Lomba bendeshi ba mashinyi badi benda mu njila bua kufila nshinga ya traktere yabu kudi muena mudimu wa dituma bintu ne bindile munda mua nzubu wa tshilala benyi wa muendeshi padibu bambula bintu mu mashinyi abu, anyi uteke tshiamu tshia Gladhand pa tshipalu tshia ndeke tshia njiwu.
• Tangila panshi pa tshiamu tshia mashinyi bua kumona ni mabaya mabole, bitupa bia nkuruse bitshibuka, ne mâyi/mashika KUMPALA kua kubuela munda: Enda mu mashinyi adi kaayi ne tshintu ku makasa kumpala ne muendu wa ku tshitudilu tshia mazuwa mutangile munda; nkata ya kumpala ya tshiamu tshia 4,000-kilograms idi ifila kilo 2,500 (5,500 pounds) ya bujitu bua tshiamu tshionso ne neyitute buludiludi mu mabaya a mutshi wa chêne adi ne mâyi ne mabole.
• Ujadike ne: bule bua tshisasa tshia remorque ne muaba udi tshiibi tshia tshiibi bipetangana ne mutshi webe wa forklift: Forklift wa "low-profile / dock-mast" udi ne bule bua mutshi mukuluke wa 1,98 too ne ku 2,13 metre (78 too ne ku 84 inches), kadi tshiamu tshia mu nzubu wa tshilaminu tshia bintu tshidi ne bitupa bisatu tshidi mua kuimana munkatshi mua metre 25 too ne ku 24 too ne ku 997. 107 inches) bule ne neakuluke buludiludi ku mutu kua tshiibi tshia remorque, neateke forklift panyima.
• Pingaja tshiamu tshia dilengeja natshi mazuwa muaba uditshi tshilama (tshia kuowa mâyi) diakamue padi dibueja dia bintu dijika: Kulekedi tshiamu tshia dilengeja natshi mazuwa tshia hydraulique anyi tshia mashinyi tshisombe mu muaba mubandishibue anyi muinshi mua tshitudilu tshia mazuwa ne tshiibi tshia kuulu tshiunzulula, tshidi tshienza bua se: muaba wa dipueka udi kauyi mulamibue mu tshibuelelu tshia nzubu wa dilamina bintu; Teka biibi bia ku tshiibi anyi minyololo ya jaune idi imueneka bimpe ku tshiibi tshionso tshia ku tshitudilu tshidi tshiunzulula tshidi tshishala tshiunzulula bua kapepe kabuela.

Nomba ya tshimpitshimpi ya mu tshijengu ne mikenji ya bibambalu¶

Patudi tulomba diambuluisha dia lukasa kunyima kua dikuluka dia ku tshitudilu tshia mazuwa anyi dikuluka dia tshitudilu tshia mazuwa:

• États-Unis ne Canada: Bikila 911 ne ulombe Fire Department Heavy Technical Rescue (bua biamu bia luya bia bukole bua bungi ne biamu bia mudimu bia bungi). Mikenji ya tshitudilu tshia mudimu ne ya mashinyi a mudimu idi ne bukole idi milonda kudi OSHA 29 CFR 1910.178(k) ne (m) (Mashinyi a mudimu adi ne bukole - adi alomba bua kuikala ne frein ne biamu bia kuendesha nabi nkata anyi biamu bia kukanga nabi mashinyi bua kupangisha mashinyi bua kuendakana padibu basomba muinshi mua nkuasa, ne kabidi SDIT/SDIT B56.1), ANSI MH30.1 (Mukenji wa mudimu ne wa diteta bua biamu bia dilongolola nabi mazuwa, udi ulomba biamu bia lubilu ne biamu bia dilongolola nabi), ne CSA B335 wa mu Canada.
• Royaume-Uni: Bikila 999 anyi 112. Bilombodibua kudi Health and Safety Executive (HSE) muinshi mua HSG136 (A Guide to Workplace Transport Safety), INDG412 (Warehousing and Storage: A Guide to Health and Safety), L117 (Rider-Opered Lift Trucks), ne **1936 (Dock) Malu adibu balomba bua bukubi, adi alomba bua kuimanyika mashinyi padiwu ne bujitu).
• Union européenne: Bikila ku 112. Bilombola kudi EN 1398 (Dock Levellers Safety Standard), Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC, ne national occupational safety Inspectorates.
• Australie ne Nouvelle-Zélande: Bikila 000 mu Australie anyi 111 mu Nouvelle-Zélande. Bilombola kudi Safe Work Australia (Traffic Management in Workplaces: Loading Docks and Drive-Aways) ne AS 2359 (Powered Industrial Trucks).
• India ne Asia-Pacifique: Bikila 112 mu Inde, 119 mu Japon ne mu Corée du Sud, anyi 995 mu Singapour.

Nkonko itubu bela misangu ya bungi¶

Bua tshinyi semi-remorque udi uya bitekete bitekete kule ne muaba wa dibueja dia bintu ("remorque creep") nansha padi frein ya mashinyi miteka?¶

Dîba dionso didi tshiamu tshia 4,000-kilograms (9,000-pound) tshidi ne tshiamu tshia bujitu tshipatuka ku tshitudilu tshia nzubu wa dilamina bintu tshibuela kunyima kua remorque ne tshituta frein yatshi, tshidi tshifila tshipupu tshinene tshia kumpala tshidi tshienda tshitangile panshi pa remorque. Pa mashinyi adi ne tshiamu tshia lelu tshia kuendesha natshi muulu, bujitu budi bupueka budi bufina mifuba ya kunyima ne buenza bua maboko a tshiamu tshia kuela natshi mashinyi alue kunyungulula mubidi wa mashinyi kumpala santimetre ya bungi padiwu apueka. Pa tshilamba tshia ku mazuwa tshidi ne mâyi, tshidi ne mafuta anyi ne mashika, dikuma dia frein didi dienza misangu ne misangu didi kabidi dienza bua nkata idi mikanga iye kumpala santimetre 1 anyi 2 ku luendu luonso. Bu mudi mushiku wa tshiamu wa tshibandilu tshia ku tshitudilu tshia mazuwa upita anu ku muelelu wa panyima wa tshibandilu tshia mashinyi ne santimetre 10 anyi 15 (4 too ne ku 6 inches), anu ngendu 8 anyi 12 ya forklift idi mua kuendesha mashinyi adi kaayi ne tshikandakanda kule menemene kumpala kua mushiku wa tshiamu tshia kubandila natshi bintu upueka ku tshibandilu tshia panyima ne upueka mu tshibandilu tshia mashinyi mu tshitupa tshia mashinyi.

Bikala tshiamu tshianyi tshia dibandisha natshi bintu tshituadije kukuluka pa tshitudilu tshia bintu bualu mashinyi mmapatuke, ndi ne bua kupatuka anyi kushala munda?¶

Bidi bilondeshila anu ni udi wendesha mashinyi a tshibandilu adi asomba panshi anyi mashinyi a tshibandilu adi ne bukokeshi bua kuimana. Shi udi mu **tshiamu tshia nzembu tshia kusomba panshi**, KUENA KUTETA bua kupatuka to; tshiamu tshia dibandisha natshi bintu tshidi tshipueka mu bule bua metre 1,2 mu tusunsa 0,5, ne kutuluka kudi kukujadikila ne: neukuluke muinshi mua tshiamu tshia kukuba natshi mutu (ROPS) anyi tshintu tshidi tshikukuba paditshi tshikuma pa njila. Pamutu pa nanku, ikala musuike mukaba webe wa bukubi, uteke makasa ebe bimpe, ukuate munda mua tshiamu tshia mashinyi, ne ushindame mu nkuasa. Kadi, shi udi wenza mudimu ne **stand-up end-control reach truck anyi walkie pallet jack** ne tshiibi tshia panyima tshiunzulula ne kakuyi mukaba wa bukubi, ne kazubu kebe katshidi anu pa mutu pa tshisasa tshikole tshia nzubu wa dilamina bintu padi tshiamu tshituadija kukulukila ku muelelu, ulekela biamu bia kulombola nabi mudimu ne upatuke buludiludi mu nzubu wa tshilaminu tshia bintu panshi bua wewe kukuluki kakuyi lutatu.

"Fuse wa lubilu" wa hydraulique udi pa tshiamu tshia nzembu ntshinyi, ne mmunyi mudiye mua kusungila muoyo wa muendeshi wa forklift?¶

Pa tshiamu tshia hydraulique, padi forklift wenda ubuela mu remorque, mushiku wa tshiamu tshia kumpala udi wimana pa bulalu bua remorque. Shi dikalu dienda lubilu mu tshimpitshimpi padi tshiamu tshia 5,500-kilograms (12,000-pound) forklift tshidi anu munkatshi mua tshiamu tshia dilengeja natshi mazuwa, bujitu buonso abu budi bupueka diakamue pa tshiamu tshia hydraulique tshidi muinshi mua tshibandilu. **Velocity fuse** i tshintu tshikese tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku tshidi tshilama buludiludi mu tshibuelelu tshia tshiamu tshia hydraulique. Mafuta a hydraulique adi atuadija kupatuka mu tshibombi lubilu kupita lubilu lua pa tshibidilu lua dipuekesha, diske dia munda didi ne ressort munda mua fuse wa lubilu didi dijika mu milisekonde, dikuata mafuta munda mua tshibombi ne dikanga tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku pa muaba watshi panyima pa yeye mumane kukuluka anu 2,5 too ne ku 7,5 santimetre (13) mu tshitupa tshia kuinshi kua tshitekelu tshina.

Mmunyi mudi "gladhand lock" mua kupangisha muendeshi wa mashinyi bua kukoka padi forklift munda mua remorque?¶

Semi-remorque udi wimanyina pa kapepe kakole kadi kafumina ku traktere kupitshila ku tshiamu tshikunze tshia "Emergency" kapepe (tshidibu babikila ne: **gladhand**) tshidi kumpala kua remorque bua kulama frein yatshi ya tshiamu tshia ressort miunzulula; Dîba dionso didi tshiamu tshia kapepe tshikunze tshipatuka, frein ya ressort ya remorque idi ikanga nkata ayi nkayayi. **gladhand lock** i tshibuikidiji tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku tshidi tshikanga ne tshikunji tshidi ne tshifungu buludiludi pa mutu pa tshibuelelu tshia kapepe tshikunze tshia remorque panyima pa muendeshi mumane kupatula tshiamu tshikunze. Nansha mudi muena mudimu wa tshiamu tshia mashinyi muikale ne tshikunji tshia gladhand ne muikale ne tshifungu mu tshibombi tshiende, kabiena mua kuenzeka bua muendeshi wa mashinyi manene anyi traktere wa mu lupangu bua kulamakaja kapepe ne kulekela frein ya mashinyi.

Bua tshinyi mashinyi a semi-remorque adi kaayi ne tshingoma ("mabala") atu imue misangu apueka kumpala pa mishiku padiwu ambula bintu?¶

Padibu bumbusha tshiamu tshia semi-remorque ku traktere wende ne batshishiya muaba udibu batekela bintu, tshitupa tshia kumpala tshia tshiamu tshia remorque tshidi tshiimana pa maulu abidi a tshiamu tshia crank down gear. Ino, mikolo ya tshiamu tshia kupueka natshi idi miteka pa bule bua metre 3 too ne ku 3,5 (10 too ne ku 12 feet) kunyima kua mpala wa kumpala wa 16-metre (53-foot). Shi tshiamu tshia bujitu tshia kilo 4,000 tshidi tshienda too ne ku tshibandilu tshia kumpala tshia kumpala kua maulu a tshiamu tshia dipuekesha natshi bintu padi tshianyima tshia remorque tshitshidi munda mutupu, tshintu tshidi tshienza mudimu tshidi mua kubandisha tshiadi tshia kumpala panshi ("dibuela mu mpala") ne kubandisha nkata ya panyima panshi, anyi kutshibula tshiamu tshia dibandila natshi bintu tshidi tshinyanguke. Misangu yonso, ikala ne tshiamu tshia mudimu tshikole tshia **tshibandilu tshia ku mpala tshia remorque (stabilizing jack)** muinshi mua dilongo dia kumpala dia remorque yonso udi kayi ne tshingoma kumpala kua wewe kuendesha forklift munda.

Ndishilangana kayi didi pankatshi pa "dockplate" wa aluminium ne "dockboard," ne bua tshinyi kuenza mudimu ne tshibi kudi mua kufikisha ku dikuluka?¶

**Dockplate** udi kayi ne bujitu bua bungi udi tshintu tshitekete tshia aluminium anyi tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku tshidi katshiyi ne bimanu bibandile, tshienza anu bua mashinyi manene ne biamu bia ku makasa. **Dockboard** i tshibumba tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku anyi tshia aluminium tshidi ne **bimanu bia ku luseke bia tshiamu tshia jaune** (bua kupangisha nkata ya forklift bua kupatuka ku muelelu wa ku luseke mu tshina) ne maulu a tshiamu a kuinshi adi ne bujitu bua kukanga. Kuendesha tshiamu tshia 4,000-kilogramme forklift pa tshiamu tshipepele, tshidi katshiyi ne tshibandilu netshikose aluminium mu bitupa bibidi, tshipatule tshiamu tshia mashinyi muinshi mua nkata, anyi kulekela nkata ipueka ku muelelu udi kayi ne tshibandilu.

Mukanda ewu udi ufila malu a bukubi ne a dipandisha mu tshimpitshimpi bua ditapulula dia tshitudilu tshia bintu bia mu tshilaminu tshia bintu, dinyanguka dia mashinyi, ne njiwu ya tshitudilu tshia mazuwa ne kawena upingana pa muaba wa dilongesha dia muena mudimu wa mashinyi manene adi ne bukole bua OSHA/HSE to. Ela meji bua kulonga mudimu wa diambuluisha dia kumpala ne dia CPR kudi Croix-Rouge, St John Ambulance, anyi kudi bulongolodi bua dilongesha dia malu a luondapu a lukasa lukasa.

Malu adi apetangana¶

• Dikuluka dia tshiamu tshia mashinyi ne njiwu ya ku tshitudilu tshia bintu mu nzubu wa dilamina bintu
• Pallet jack unyema pa rampe, racking domino collapse, ne warehouse pinning
• Dinyanguka dia jack wa hydraulique, dikuluka dia jack, ne dikuata muinshi mua mashinyi
• Ditapa dia ku mudimu ne njiwu ya mu midimu

Miaba ne buludiki bua mbulamatadi¶

• Tshibambalu tshia malu a bukubi ne makanda a mubidi (OSHA, États-Unis): Mashinyi manene a mudimu - Mashinyi manene ne mashinyi a njila / Bintu bia kukanga nabi bintu ne biamu bia kuendesha nabi bintu (29 CFR 1910.178(k) ne 1910.178(m))
• Mudimu wa dilongolola dia bintu (MHI) ne bafidi ba bintu bia kubandila nabi bintu (LODEM, mu États-Unis): ANSI MH30.1 Mukenji wa dienza ne diteta dia biamu bia dilengeja nabi mazuwa ne ANSI MH30.3 Mukenji wa biamu bia dikuba nabi mashinyi
• Mulombodi wa malu a bukola bua mubidi ne bukubi (HSE, Royaume-Uni): Dilama dia bintu ne dilamina bintu: Mukanda wa malu a bukola bua mubidi ne bukubi (HSG76 / INDG412) ne bukubi bua malu a mashinyi (HSG136)
• Komite wa ku Mputu wa malu a mikenji (CEN) ne tshibambalu tshia mikenji ya mu Grande-Bretagne (BSI): BS EN 1398 Dock Levellers - Malu adibu balomba bua bukubi (Emergency Stop Velocity Fuse and Maintenance Strut Standards)
• Tshibambalu tshia dilongolola dia mikenji ya mashinyi manene (ITSDF): ANSI/ITSDF B56.1 Mikenji ya bukubi bua mashinyi manene adi ne bujitu bukese ne bunene