CERT wa musoko ne karte ka musoko weba (MYN) Dilongolola: FRS/GMRS Radio Channel Plan, Vulnerable Neighbor Registry, ne Box-Cribbing Cache¶

Mu tshikumina tshikole tshia bukole bua 7.0+, tshipupu tshia tshipepele tshikole tshia EF4/EF5, tshipepele tshikole, anyi dikuluka dia nzembu ya matuku a bungi mu muvu wa mashika, bena mudimu ba mudimu wa kapia, wa dipandisha bantu ne wa ambulanse badi bapita diakamue kudi binunu bia bantu badi babikila musangu umue ne njila mikanga. Malu a kale a bipupu adi afumina ku US Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Tshibambalu tshia mudimu wa kapia ne bipupu tshia mu Japon (FDMA kunyima kua tshikumina tshia mu Kobe tshia mu 1995), ne tshikumina tshia mu tshimenga tshia Mexico tshia mu 1985 bidi bileja ne: 80 to 95 percent wa bintu bionso bidi bipatuka ne dipandisha dia bantu mu dîba dia kumpala kabiena bienzeka kudi ba-pompier bapiluke to, kadi kudi bena mutumba badi pabuipi ne nzubu mu minite 60 too ne ku 180 ya kumpala (The Golden Hours). Shi bualu bua tshimpitshimpi budi mua kunyanga muoyo budi buenzeka mpindieu, teta kubikila muaba unudi nomba ya tshimpitshimpi (911 mu États-Unis ne mu Canada, 112 mu matunga masanga a ku Mputu, 999 mu Royaume-Uni, anyi 000 mu Australie) ne kutangila kabidi mikanda yetu ya kulonda pa dimanyishangana dia malu a tshimpitshimpi padi nzubu ya telefone inyanguka, dilongolola dia nzubu mu tshikumina ne tshiamu tshia kukanga natshi gaz, ne bantu bakulumpe badi balongolola malu a tshimpitshimpi.

Kulongolola 15-to-20 household kasumbu ka diambuluishangana ka mu tshitupa kampanda ku diambuluisha dia Washington State / FEMA Map Your Neighborhood (MYN) ne Tshisumbu tshia diandamuna dia tshimpitshimpi tshia mu tshimenga (CERT) frameworks udi ukudimuna njila udi kayi mulongolola wa bantu badi ne buôwa mu tshisumbu tshia ditalala, tshilongolola tshia kusungila mioyo. Pa kuenza Muaba wa disangisha dia bantu, Simplex FRS/GMRS Walkie-Talkie Channel ne On-the-Hour Listening Schedule, disungula dia mu musokoko dia Vulnerable Neighbor Check-In Registry (dilonda dia biamu bia oxygène, insuline mu frigo, nkuasa ya balema, ne bantu bakulumpe badibu bapeshangana Tshiamu tshia mudimu tshia mu musoko ne 4x4 Box-Cribbing Cache, ne MYN First-60-Minutes 9-Step Action Plan, tshibumba tshieba tshidi mua kuimanyika kapia ka gaz, kuondopa mashi adi afumina mu mishipa, ne kubandisha bimpe bipendu bia nzubu kakuyi njiwu mikuabu.

Enza nunku mpindieu¶

1. Lama tshintu tshikese ne tshidi mua kuendakana: longolola malu ebe a lukasa 15 to 20 contiguous houses (anyi nzubu umua wa 20 to 30 units), nansha kakese tshitupa tshijima tshia nzubu 500 musangu umue. Mu tshikondo tshia tshikumina tshikole, tshipepele tshikole, anyi tshipupu tshia tshimpitshimpi tshia nzembu, kasumbu kamue kakadi mua kuenda ne kutangila nzubu 300 mu dîba dia kumpala to. Tshisumbu tshikole tshia nzubu 15 too ne ku 20 idi pabuipi tshidi mua kukonkononyibua tshijima ku makasa mu minite 15 kudi bisumbu bia balunda bia bantu babidi.
2. Wenza "Block Mapping Coffee" wa minite 90 bua kuenza Neighborhood Hazard & Skills Map. Ku diambuluisha dia tshimfuanyi tshipepele tshia nzubu yebe 15 too ne ku 20, funda malu asatu bua nomba wa nzubu yonso:
3. (A) Nnganyi udi musombelamu (bungi bua bantu bakole, bana, ne nyama ya mu nzubu, pamue ne mudimu wa pambelu pa mêba a munya).
4. (B) Muaba mulelela wa pambelu wa tshipiminu tshia gaz naturel / tshiamu tshia propane ne tshiamu tshia mayi tshinene pa tshitupa tshionso.
5. (C) Malu a mudimu ne bintu bia mudimu (baminganga, baminganga, baminganga, bena mudimu ba ku nzembu, ba-enjenyere ba nzubu, biamu bia kuenza nabi mudimu, biamu bia nzembu, biamu bia hydraulique binene, ne bibandilu bia dibandisha).
6. Kulongolola tshisanji tshia Block Walkie-Talkie Simplex (Privacy Tone 0 / OFF) ne a :00 / :30 Tshikondo tshia kuteleja tshidi tshilama mafuta. Itaba bua kuenza FRS/GMRS Simplex Channel (tshilejilu, Channel 3, Mikenji ya malu masokoka 0 mu Amerike wa ku Nord, PMR446 Channel 3, Code 0 mu UK/EU, anyi UHF CB Channel 18 mu Australie/NZ) ne tshisanji tshimue tshia kulama (bu mudi Channel 16, Code 0). Funda ndongamu pa kazubu ka mayi kunyima kua tshiamu tshia nzembu tshia nzubu yonso: teka tshiamu tshia nzembu mu minite 10 ku mutu (:00) ne kuinshi (:30) wa dîba dionso (anyi mêba 3 onso mu tshikondo tshia dijika dia nzembu) nunku ma batterie adi ashala matuku a bungi.
7. Enza "Envelope wa muena mutumba udi mu njiwu ne wa malu a luondapu" mulama kudi bamfumu babidi ba kueyemena. Bikila bena mutumba badi basombele nkayabu, benza mudimu ne biamu bia oxygène bia ku nzembu, badi baeyemena hemodialyse wa ku nzubu anyi nkuasa ya balema idi ne mashinyi, badi ne **bulema bua kuteleja, anyi bua bana batekete funda ku budisuile majinga abu a tshimpitshimpi pa karte ka tshisokomenu kadibu balame munda mua amvelope mukanga udi ne tshimanyinu tshia ne: "Udi mua kunzulula anu padi tshipupu tshienzeka mu tshitupa tshijima anyi padiku dijika dia nzembu."
8. Print reversible "OK" (Green) ne "HELP NEEDED" (Red) bimanyinu bia ku madidishi bia nzubu yonso 20. Padi tshikumina, tshipepele tshikole anyi tshipepele tshikole tshipita, nzubu yonso udi ufunda Green "OK" tshimanyishilu munda mua dididishi diabu dia kumpala didi ditangile ku njila pikala muntu yense udi munda muikale mu bukubi ne mafuta/mashinyi adi mu bukubi. Bisumbu bia bantu babidi bia CERT/MYN bidi mua kuenda mu njila ne diakamue kuimanyina pa nzubu idi ne Red "HELP" anyi nzubu idi ileja kakuyi tshimanyishilu nansha tshimue.
9. Sangila tshilaminu tshia bintu bia bungi tshia kusungila nabi bantu ne tshia luondapu mu nzubu wa tshilala benyi anyi mu kazubu ka mudimu ka tshiamu tshidi katshiyi tshinyanguka kudi mvula to. Kakuena dîku dimue didi dijinga ne kusumba bitupa 24 bia 4x4 tshitanda tshia mabaya anyi 1.5-meter (60-inch) tshiamu tshia pinch-point pry bar nkayatshi. Disangisha $25 to $40 ku nzubu yonso makuta kazubu ka mudimu ka tshiamu tshia mudimu tshiuwule tente ne 4x4 Mabaya a Douglas Fir box-cribbing, wooden wedges, two 60-inch steel pry bars, non-sparking aluminium/bronze gas shutoff wrenches, CoTCCC windlass tourniquets, masques N95, gants de cuir, chapes hard, et barrier caution tape.

Mutshi wa dipangadika: Kuenza mudimu wa MYN / CERT wa kumpala wa minite 60 wa diandamuna dia bena mutumba¶

flowchart TD
    DisasterStrikes["Tshikumina tshinene, tshipepele tshikole, tshipepele tshikole, anyi dikuluka dia réseau"] --> Step1to3["MINUTE 0 TO 10 (Munda mua Nzubu webe - MYN Bitupa 1 to 3): 1. Tangila bena mu dîku bua kumanya ni badi ne mputa, 2. Vuala tshifulu tshikole, bianza bia tshiseba, ne bisabata bikole, 3. Tangila tshipiminu tshia gaz naturel (ujime anu padi gaz ununka, udi umvua, anyi udi ulenga)"]

    Step1to3 --> Step4to5["MINUTE 10 TO 15 (Secure Home & Post Window Sign - MYN Steps 4 to 6): 4. Funda Main House Water Valve (Protects 40-to-80 Gal Water Heater Tank to Draining to Cracked Window Tank), 5. Funda 'OK' anyi 'HELP' mu Dididishi dia kumpala kua njila, 66. Walkie-Talkie ON bua kukanga Simplex Channel (Tone 0)"]

    Step4to5 --> RallyPoint["MINUTE 15 TO 25 (Disangisha muaba wa disangisha dia nzubu - MYN Tshitupa 7): Tuilanganayi ne bena mutumba muaba wa disangisha dia pambelu udibu basungule -> Kangula mukanda wa bena mutumba badi mu njiwu -> Enza tshisumbu tshia balunda tshia bantu 2"]

    RallyPoint --> TriageHouses{"MINUTE 25 TO 60 (Enda mu nzubu - MYN Bitupa 8 ne 9): Tangila nzubu yonso 15 too ne 20 ku muelelu kua njila"}

    TriageHouses -->|"Tshimanyinu tshia 'OK' tshia dididishi tshia matamba"| LogSafe["Uteke Nzubu 'CLEAR' pa karte ka Block -> Bikila bantu bakole badi ne makanda a mubidi bua kubuela mu bisumbu bia muaba wa disangisha"]

    TriageHouses -->|"Tshimanyinu tshikunze tshia 'DIAKUATSHISHA' NANSHA Tshimanyinu tshia Zero Tshifunda NANSHA Muena musoko udi mu njiwu/mununu"| BuddyCheck["2-Person Buddy Team Performs 360-Degree Exterior Hazard Walk (Tangila ni nzembu mipueka, dipatuka dia gaz, anyi dishindama dia nzubu)"]

    BuddyCheck -->|"Nzubu muimpe wa kusemena kudiye"| AssistResident["Koka/Buela mu bibidi bibidi -> Kukanda mashi a bungi (Tourniquet/Direct Pressure), Kuambuluisha bua kuendakana/Dijinga dia Oxygène, anyi Kuenza mudimu ne 60-Inch Pry Bar + 4x4 Box Cribbing bua kulekela muntu udibu bashipe kakese"]

    BuddyCheck -->|"Dikuluka dikole, dipatuka dia gaz, anyi nshinga idi ne muoyo"| DoNotEnter["KUBUELA: Kanga tshipiminu tshia gaz tshia pambelu ne tshiamu tshia kukanga natshi kapia, tshikanga muaba wa njiwu ne tshilamba, ne ufila adrese mulelela ku diambuluisha dia GMRS/Ham Radio kudi Fire/EMS ICP"]

Tshitupa 1: Tshikandakanda tshia "Karte ka musoko weba" (MYN)" 9-Step First-60-Minutes Protocol¶

Mulongolola kudi Dr. LuAn Johnson ne bibambalu bia malu a tshimpitshimpi mu Washington State ne muangatshibue mu Amerike wa ku Nord, Map Your Neighborhood (MYN) udi wenza mudimu bimpe padi mikanda mikole kayiyi yenza mudimu bimpe bualu udi upesha muntu yonso udi musombele muaba au Liste wa 9-Step Checklist for the First 60 Minutes udi ulonda tshipupu tshionso tshia tshimpitshimpi:

Tshitupa A: Ku nzubu kuebe kumpala (Minutes 0 to 15)¶

Kuena mua kuambuluisha bena mutumba nebe pikala dîku diebe ditapike anyi nzubu webe mukuate kapia to. - Tshitupa 1: Tangila bantu baudi munange kumpala. Tangila muntu yonso udi mu nzubu muebe bua kumanya ni udi ne njila wa luya, udi upatuka mashi a bungi anyi udi ne tshintu tshidi tshikuata. - Tshitupa 2: Lama mutu webe, bianza ne makasa ebe DIAMUE. Kumpala kua kubuela mu nzubu mukuabu anyi kupatuka pambelu pa makala matshibuka, misumadi, ne tshilamba tshipanduluke, uvuala bintu binayi bidibu balame muinshi mua bulalu buebe: nsapatu/nsapatu ya nsongo mikole, tshilamba tshia mudimu tshia dikoba tshikole, tshilamba tshikole tshia ku mutu ne tshimuenekelu tshikole. (Mu tshikumina tshia mu Northridge tshia mu 1994, pa mutu pa 30 percent ya bantu badi mu nzubu wa lupitadi lua lukasa ivua mputa ya makasa ya bena musoko benda kabayi ne makasa pa makala matshibuka mu mîdima). - Tshitupa 3: Tangila tshipiminu tshiebe tshia gaz naturel anyi tshibombi tshia propane. Enda ku tshipiminu tshiebe tshia gaz tshia pambelu. KUJIMA gaz naturel nkayende "anu bua bualu kampanda" (bualu padibu bamujima, anu muena mudimu wa mu nzubu ke udi mua kumupingaja bilondeshile mikenji, bidi mua kuangata mbingu 2 too ne ku 6 mu muvu wa mashika). Kanga tshiibi tshia gaz 90 degrees perpendicular to the pipe ANYI shi udi umvua mupuya wa mercaptan wa diyi dibole, umvua mutoyi, umona tu-mashini tukese tua diteta tuenda tuendakana lukasa padi biamu bionso bijima, anyi umona dinyanguka dia nzubu. - Tshitupa 4: Kanga tshiibi tshinene tshia mayi a mu nzubu muebe. Padi tshikumina anyi tshipepele tshikole tshipatula mayi a mu misesu ya mu tshimenga, tshipepele tshibi tshia siphone tshidi mua kumbusha 150 to 300 liters (40 to 80 gallons) wa mayi malenga a kunua adi munda mua tshina tshia mayi a kapia a mu nzubu muebe mupingane mu tshina tshia mu njila tshidi tshinyanguke ne tshina tshia mâyi a bukoya, anyi kuwuja nzubu webe kupitshila ku tshina tshia kuulu tshitshibuka. Kujima tshiamu tshinene tshia mayi tshia ku nzubu kudi kukuata mayi malenga munda mua tshiamu tshieba tshia kukanga natshi mayi ne kudi kupangisha milonda ya munda mua nzubu idi mitshibuka bua kubenga kuwuja panshi. - Tshitupa 5: Tapa "OK" anyi "HELP" tshimanyishilu ku dididishi diebe dia kumpala anyi ku tshiibi tshia kumpala muaba udibi bimueneka bimpe ku muelelu kua njila. - Tshitupa 6: Angata tshiamu tshia FRS/GMRS tshia mu kartshie kebe, tshiamu tshia diambuluisha dia kumpala, ne tshiamu tshia kujima natshi kapia, ne uya pambelu.

Tshitupa B: Ne bena mutumba nebe (Minutes 15 to 60)¶

• Tshitupa tshia 7: Enda ku muaba wa disangisha dia nzubu musungula. Sungula muaba wa pambelu udi mubulula (njila mualabale, tshidila tshia cul-de-sac, anyi tshilamba tshikese tshia mu parc kule ne tshiibi tshia mabue, biamu bia nzembu, ne mitshi mile) bu muaba wa kulombola nzubu webe.
• Tshitupa tshia 8: Tapulula mu bisumbu bia balunda 2 bilondeshile mamanya:
• Tshisumbu 1 (Communications & Documentation): Udi ushala muaba wa disangisha ne karte ka nzubu, ufunda nzubu idi "OK", udi utangila tshisanji tshia FRS/GMRS ne NOAA Weather Radio, ne udi ulamakaja ne tshitupa tshia CERT tshia mu tshimenga tshidi pabuipi ku diambuluisha dia GMRS anyi Ham radio.
• Tshisumbu 2 (Child & Elderly Care): Udi unzulula lupangu lua bukubi, lua luya/mu mundidimbi anyi nzubu wa mashinyi bua kutangila bana batekete, nyama ya mu nzubu, ne bakulumpe badi ne makanda a mubidi bua baledi badi ne makanda a mubidi bafike ku diambuluisha mu dikonkonona dia nzubu.
• Bisumbu 3 ne 4 (Scout, Utility, Medical & Light Rescue Buddy Teams): Kuambula bipese bia bujitu, bipese bia gaz bidi kabiyi bienza mudimu, ABC bintu bia kujima nabi kapia, ne bintu bia kuenza nabi mudimu mu njila bua kukontonona nzubu yonso udi mu Vulnerable Neighbor Registry ne nzubu yonso udi kayi uleja "OK" tshimanyishilu tshia dididishi.
• Tshitupa 9: Pingana ku muaba wa disangisha dia nzubu bua kufila luapolo lua nsombelu ne kulongolola nzubu wa tshilala benyi, diabanya dia mayi, dishintuluka dia tshiamu tshia nzembu, ne mudimu wa dilama dia butuku.

Tshitupa 2: Kulongolola tshipangu tshia dimanyishangana dia ku nzembu (FRS / GMRS / PMR446 / Meshtastic)¶

Mu tshikondo tshia tshipupu, diabanya dia walkie-talkies kakuyi tshisanji tshifunda ne dîba didi difikisha ku tshimvundu ne ku ma batterie afue mu mêba 8. Tampa Karte ka tshisanji tshia mu musoko ka bunene bua tshibombi tshia makuta bua nzubu yonso ku diambuluisha dia mushindu wa kuenza mudimu eu:

1. Mukenji wa Simplex Channel & Privacy-Tone (Always Use Tone 0 / CSQ)¶

• Bua tshinyi Simplex? Njila ya Simplex itu ituma buludiludi ku radio too ne ku radio (462 MHz anyi 467 MHz mu Amerike wa ku Nord; 446 MHz mu UK/EU; 477 MHz mu AU/NZ) kuyi dijinga ne tshibumba tshia dipingaja.
• Bua tshinyi udi ne tshia kuteka mikenji ya malu masokoka (CTCSS / DCS) ku 0 (OFF) bua Neighborhood Nets: Ma walkie-talkies a bantu badi basumba bintu adi ne "121 Privacy Codes" (sub-audible squelch tones). Shi Nzubu A muteka tshisanji tshiabu ku Channel 3, Code wa malu masokoka 7 ne Nzubu B udi uteka tshisanji tshipepele ku Channel 3, Code 0, Nzubu B neumvue Nzubu A ubikila diambuluisha, kadi ngamba-malu wa Nzubu A neashale mupuwe 100% padi Nzubu B wandamuna. Kuteka Kode wa malu masokoka 0 (OFF / CSQ) ku tshisanji tshionso tshia mu kartshie tshidi tshijadika ne: tshiamu tshionso tshia walkie-talkie (Midland, Motorola, Cobra, Baofeng, Retevis) udi mua kumvua muena mutumba yonso diakamue.

2. Tablo wa diabanya dia njila ya pabuipi¶

3. "Top-of-the-Hour :00 Tshikondo tshia kuteleja" (Kulama ma batterie mu matuku 14)¶

• Tshitupa 1 (Mêba 6 a kumpala kunyima kua dikuma): Lama tshisanji tshimue tshia muaba wa disangisha dia nzubu tshitemesha misangu yonso; nzubu idi itangila ku :00 ne :30 wa dîba dionso mu minite 5.
• Tshitupa 2 (Dijika dia nzembu dia matuku a bungi): Shintulula ku Tshitupa tshia mêba 3 (6:00 AM, 9:00 AM, 12:00 PM, 3:00 PM, 6:00 PM, 9:00 PM) bua minite 10** ku dididishi dionso. Tshiamu tshia walkie-talkie tshia ku bianza tshidi tshifua mu mêba 12 a diindila tshidi katshiyi tshijika netshikale matuku 14 too ne ku 21 padibu batshitemesha anu bua madidishi asambombo a minite 10 ku dituku.

Tshitupa 3: Disungula dia "Mukanda wa difunda dia bena mutumba badi mu njiwu" (Mulongolola wa bukubi bua malu masokoka)¶

Bua tshinyi bantu bakulumpe ne badi kabayi ne makanda a mubidi badi belakana bua kubuela mu liste ya dilongolola dia mu kartshie? Bualu muntu nansha umo kena musue dibeji dia mudimu didi ditangalake pa lutanda lua Internet anyi pa tshisanji tshia patoke tshidi tshimanyisha ne: "Mamu Smith wa ku 104 Oak Street udi musombele nkayende ne udi tumama."

Mua kuenza mudimu ne "Double-Enveloppe Registry" wa kumpala wa malu masokoka¶

1. 100% Opt-In and Physical Paper Only: Kulama nansha kakese malu a luondapu anyi a nsombelu wa muntu nkayende pa dibeji dia ordinatere dia bantu bonso to. Abanya Karte ka tshimpitshimpi ka mu nzubu kadi bena musoko bakumbaja anu bobu basue bua bena mutumba babatangile mu tshikondo tshia tshipupu tshinene.
2. Mukenji wa amvelope wa pambelu mukanga: Ela karte konso munda mua amvelope mule wa manila, ukanga tshiibi, lomba bena mutumba babidi bafunda tshiala pa tshitampi, ne ufunde pambelu ne: "MUSHINDU WA KUKANGA WA LUPOKO: Udi ne bua kuunzulula anu mu tshikondo tshia tshipepele tshikole, tshipepele tshikole, Mukenji wa dipatuka, anyi dijimina dia nzembu dipite pa mêba 4." Lama mukanda umue mukanga ne kapitene wa nzubu ne mukanda mukuabu wa panyima kudi kapitene mukuabu mutantshi wa nzubu inayi.

3. Bitupa 6 bia mushinga mukole bia luondapu ne bia kubuela nabi bia kuangata pa karte konso:¶

• Dikuatshisha dia muoyo didi dimanyine pa nzembu (DME): Tshiamu tshia oxygène (Liters per minute tshipiminu tshia mâyi ne mêba a vert mufina E-cylinder bibombi bia ku tshianza), tshiamu tshia ku nzubu, CPAP/BiPAP, tshiamu tshia diambuluisha dia tshiadi tshia ku dia bakaji (LVAD), tshiamu tshia kukoka natshi, anyi dialyse wa ku nzubu.
• Maluvu adi atangila luya: Insuline mu frigo, bintu bidi ne muoyo, anyi epinephrine bidi bienza mudimu nkayabi (nanku muena mutumba udi ne tshiamu tshia nzembu tshidi tshienza mudimu anyi LiFePO4 frigo wa dîba udi mua kulama insuline wabu padi nzembu kayi ujika).
• Majinga a dienda ne a dipatuka: Kakutu ka balema ka nzembu (needs manual freewheel clutch release), kakalu ka balema ka ku bianza, tshiamu tshia kuenda natshi, tshia ku bulalu (requires blanket drag or stair-chair carry), bufofo/dimona dikese, anyi bufofo/dipanga kumvua (will not hear verbal knocking or sirens).
• Mushindu wa kubuela mu tshimpitshimpi (Lockbox / Spare Key): Muaba wa tshisumbu tshia Supra / Kidde key lockbox (ne code wa nomba 4 mufunda munda mua amvelope wa tshipupu tshikanga) anyi muena mutumba kayi udi ne tshifungu tshia pa mutu bua basungidi kabatshinyi tshiibi bua kutangila muntu mukulumpe udi kayi mumanye tshidiye wenza to.
• Muntu wa pa buende wa pambelu pa tshitupa: Dîna ne nimero ya selile ya mulela udi musombele 160+ km (100+ miles) kule.
• Bimuna bia mu nzubu: Bungi ne mushindu wa mbua/mpushi idi munda.

Tshitupa 4: Kuenza tshilaminu tshia bintu bia mudimu tshia muaba umue ne kutshienza 4x4 Kulala mu kazubu¶

Shi tshiibi tshia kapia tshikuluka, mutshi wa kuulu mukuluke, anyi tshimanu tshishintuluke tshikuate dikasa dia muena mutumba kunyima kua tshikumina anyi tshipepele tshikole, kuteta bua kubandisha 1,500-kilogram (3,300-pound) mutshi wa tshikokedi ku bianza anyi kuwuteka pa mabue a nsongo anyi pa mabue a nsongo udi ushipa bantu: mabue a nsongo a beton adi kaayi ne tshintu adi atuluka kakuyi didimuija padibu ne bujitu bua nsongo, adi apuekesha mutshi au pa muntu udibu bashipe ne pa muntu udi umusungila.

FEMA CERT Light Search and Rescue (LSAR) dilongesha didi dilongesha bena mutumba ba matuku onso mushindu wa kubandisha bujitu bua tone ya bungi bimpe, santimetre umue ku musangu, ku diambuluisha dia First-Class Lever Mechanics (60-Inch Steel Pry Bar) ne 4x4 Tshibombi tshia mutshi ("Bandisha santimetre umue, bandisha santimetre umue").

========================================================================
       FEMA CERT "LIFT AN INCH, CRIB AN INCH" 2x2 BOX CRIBBING
========================================================================

              [ HEAVY COLLAPSED BEAM / CONCRETE SLAB ]
       ======================================================
            ||                                      ||
            || <-- Top Tier: Two 4x4 Timbers        ||
            ||     Laid Parallel (North-South)      ||
       ====================================================== <-- Middle Tier:
            ||                                      ||            Two 4x4 Timbers
            || <-- Bottom Tier: Two 4x4 Timbers     ||            Laid Perpendicular
       ======================================================     (East-West)
      ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                     [ SOLID GROUND / FLOOR ]

  * 4 LOAD-BEARING CORNER COLUMNS: Notice where the timbers cross.
    Every overlapping corner creates a solid vertical column of wood.
  * RATED SAFE CAPACITY (Douglas Fir 4x4s):
    - Standard 2x2 Box Crib (4 contact corners) = 24,000 lbs (10,800 kg / 12 Tons)
    - 3x3 Grid Box Crib (9 contact corners)     = 54,000 lbs (24,500 kg / 27 Tons)
  * GOLDEN SAFETY RULE: "Hands NEVER Go Underneath the Load"
    Push new timbers into place using another stick of 4x4 wood.
========================================================================

1. Mushindu kayi wa kukosa ne kulama bintu bia mu kartshie 4x4 Tshiamu tshia kulala natshi mu kazubu (mushinga udi munshi mua $80 ku Any Lumberyard)¶

Sumba bitanu bia mushinga mukole 2.4-meter (8-foot) Douglas Fir anyi Southern Yellow Pine 4x4 mabaya (actual dimensions 8.9 x 8.9 cm / 3.5 x 3.5 inches, kayiyi ne bipese binene anyi bipese) ne kuyimona mu: - 16 to 24 pieces wa 4x4 Mabaya a tshitekelu tshia kazubu makosa ku 45 to 60 centimeters (18 to 24 inches) mu bule. Ela a 12 mm (1/2 inch) tshina pabuipi ne ndekelu umua wa mutshi wonso ne kuela tshitupa tshipi tshia paracord wa orange mutoke bu tshingoma tshia kukuata natshi. - 8 to 12 Bibidi bipetangana 2x4 anyi 4x4 Bipese bia mabaya (bikosolola muaba udi kauyi muinshi mua buloba 10-to-15-degree angle, 30 cm / 12 inches mutantshi mule) udi wenza mudimu bua kukumbaja tshiamu tshieba tshia kuela nabi bintu ne kujika miaba idi kayiyi mikumbane.

2. Mikenji 5 ya bukubi 2x2 Kulala mu kazubu ("Lift an Inch, Crib an Inch")¶

1. Teka muena mudimu umua wa bukubi ne tshisumbu tshia mudimu: Muntu umua udi ufukama ku luseke utangila mabaya a tshitanda; muntu muibidi udi wenza mudimu ne 1.5-meter (60-inch) tshiamu tshikole tshia pinch-point pry bar tshikolesha pa mutu pa 4x4 fulcrum block (First-Class Lever) bua kubandisha dibue dinene 2.5 centimeters (1 inch) ku tshikondo.
2. Kuenza tshitupa tshia nshindamenu (2 Parallel 4x4s): Diapozitive ibidi 4x4 mabaya adi mabalakane pa buloba bushindame adi apetangana ne makuabu, adi mutantshi mule bu 30 to 40 cm (12 to 16 inches) kule, nunku nsongo ya mutshi yonso ipatuka 8 to 10 cm (3 to 4 inches) (1x width of the timber) kupitshila ku matumba a kusabuka. (Atshi 4-inch tshibandilu tshidi tshipangisha ntete ya mu ditumba bua kupatuka mu bujitu bua bungi).
3. Sabuka tshitupa tshidi tshilonda ku 90 Degrees (Log-Cabin / Jenga Style): Teka bibidi bidi bilonda 4x4 mitshi mishindame (at a 90-degree right angle) mu bitupa bibidi bia kumpala, wenza kazubu ka tshijengu kadi ne 4 mikunji mikole idi mibuikila pa mutu pa mitshi.
4. Kupita a 3:1 Bulampe ne butshiama: Bua kulama kazubu ka tshitanda bua kubenga kukuluka ku luseke mu tshikondo tshia tshikumina tshia panyima pa tshikumina, bule buonso bua tshibuta tshia tshitanda kabuena ne bua kupita nansha kakese 3 times bulampe bua tshishimikidi tshiatshi** (bua 45 cm / 18-inch tshitanda tshialabale, kuena mua kuikala mubandile kupita 135 cm / 54 inches, ne ulame 2:1 pa miaba idi mitenteke).
5. KUTEKI bianza biebe anyi minu muinshi mua bujitu budibu balengeje to: Paudi wela mutshi mupiamupia anyi tshiamu tshia mitaku muinshi mua dibue didibu babandishe, enza mudimu ne ndekelu wa mutshi mukuabu 4x4 mutshi anyi tshingoma bua kutshikuma mu muaba bua se: pikala tshiamu tshia kukosa natshi tshisesuka, zero minu idi itshibuka.

3. Kujikija tshibutshilu tshia bintu bia mudimu bia tshimpitshimpi bia muaba udibu basombele¶

Nomba ya njiwu ya mu tshijengu ne programe ya bipupu bia mu tshisumbu¶

• États-Unis: Ela 911 bua malu a tshimpitshimpi. Funda tshitupa tshieba mu tshimenga tshieba anyi mu provense Biro bia malu a tshimpitshimpi (OEM) anyi tshisumbu tshia FEMA Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) programme (ready.gov/cert) ne Karte ka muaba uudi musombele (MYN) (mil.wa.gov/myn). Bena mudimu ba budisuile badi benza mudimu ne muoyo muimpe badi ne bukubi bilondeshile mikenji ya bena Samalea bimpe ne mikenji ya bukubi bua bena budisuile ya mbulamatadi.
• Canada: Ela 911. Disangisha ne Programe ya dilongolola dia malu a tshimpitshimpi ya mu tshimenga (NEPP / Vector) ne Bukubi bua bantu bonso mu Canada.
• Bukalenge bua ditunga: Ela 999 anyi 112. Teka Tshipangu tshia malu a tshimpitshimpi mu tshisumbu kupitshila ku Biro bia Kabinete / GOV.UK "Prepare" Resilience Framework ne muaba wenu Tshisangilu tshia ditantamena dia muaba unudi (LRF) anyi tshipangu tshia mulombodi wa tshipangu tshia paroisse.
• Buobumue bua matunga a ku Mputu: Ela 112. Kuenza mudimu pamue ne bena budisuile badi benza mudimu wa bukubi bua bantu (Technisches Hilfswerk [THW] mu Allemagne, Réserve Communale de Sécurité Civile mu France, anyi Protezione Civile mu Italie).
• Australie ne Nouvelle-Zélande: Ela 000 mu Australie anyi 111 mu Nouvelle-Zélande. Enza mudimu pamue ne ditunga diebe State Emergency Service (SES) (CFA Community Fireguard mu Victoria) anyi kulongolola Community Emergency Hub (NEMA / WREMO tshilejelu) mu Nouvelle-Zélande.
• Japon ne Asia-Pacifique: Ela 119 (Kapia/EMS) anyi 110 (Bampulushi) mu Japon. Londa tshilejelu tshia Jishubō (Jishu Bōsai Soshiki) tshia mu Japon, tshidi tshilama biamu bia mudimu bia mu njila bidi ne biamu bia kuela nabi kapia, biamu bia kuela nabi kapia ne matempu a kapia mu nzubu yonso ya bantu.

Nkonko itubu bela misangu ya bungi¶

Bua tshinyi kasumbu ka Map Your Neighborhood (MYN) kadi ne tshia kuikala anu ne nzubu 15 too ne ku 20 pamutu pa nzubu wetu mujima wa 200 HOA anyi kartshie?¶

Dikebulula dia malu a tshimpitshimpi kunyima kua bikumina binene ne bipepele bikole bidi bileja ne: mu minite 60 ya kumpala kunyima kua dikuma dia buloba, bena mu tshimenga badi anu mua kuenda bimpe ne kutangila nzubu 15 too ne ku 20 (anyi tshisasa tshimue tshia nzubu wa nzubu ya bungi) tshidi tshimueneka ku njila yabu. Kuteta bua kulongolola nzubu 200 mu kasumbu kamue kudi kupangisha dipangadika ne kudi kuangata mêba a bungi bua kuenda. Shi tshitupa tshienu tshidi ne nzubu 200, tapulula karte mu bitupa dikumi bia nzubu 20, tshitupa tshionso tshikale ne muaba watshi wa disangisha ne kapitene wa nzubu udi mu tshisanji tshia GMRS.

Bua tshinyi muntu yonso udi mu njila wetu kena ne bua kujima tshiamu tshiabu tshia kupima natshi gaz naturel diakamue panyima pa tshikumina?¶

Tangila tshipiminu tshieba tshia gaz naturel diakamue kunyima kua tshikumina, tshipepele tshikole anyi tshipepele tshikole, kadi KUjimije tshiamu tshia gaz to, anu wewe mumvue mupuya wa mercaptan wa diyi dibole, mumvue mutoyi, mumone biamu bikese bia diteta bienda bienda lubilu padi biamu bionso bijima, anyi mumone mudi nzubu webe munyanguke. Paudi ujima tshiamu tshia gaz tshia mu nzubu, miendu ya pilote idi ijima ne wewe mumane kutshitemesha kabidi kudi mua kuwuja nzubu ne gaz udi kayi mutemeshibue. Anu muena mudimu udi ne mukanda wa mudimu ke udi mua kusukula ne kutemesha tshiamu tshia nzembu bilondeshile mikenji, tshidi tshiangata mbingu 2 anyi 6 kunyima kua tshikumina tshinene.

Bua tshinyi kukanga tshiamu tshia mâyi tshia mu nzubu munene mu minite 15 ya kumpala kunyima kua tshikumina kudi ne mushinga wa bungi?¶

Padi tshikumina tshikole tshinyunguluka buloba, milonda ya mayi ya mu tshimenga ne milonda ya mâyi a bukoya idi itshibuka ne ijimija bukole. Shi tshiamu tshinene tshia kukanga natshi mayi tshidi tshibuela mu nzubu muebe tshishala tshiunzulula, bukole budi bukokela bintu pa buloba ne tshipepele tshibi tshidi mua kupatula 150 too ne ku 300 litre (40 too ne ku 80 gallons) ya mayi mimpe a kunua adibu balame munda mua tshina tshia mâyi a kapia a mu nzubu muebe bua kupingana mu tshina tshinene tshia mu njila tshidi tshinyanguke. Kukanga tshiibi tshinene tshia mayi tshia ku nzubu kuebe kudi kukuata diakamue mayi mimpe a kunua munda mua tshiamu tshieba tshia kuenza natshi mayi ne kupangisha milonda ya mu nzubu idi mipanduluke bua kuwuja panshi.

Bua tshinyi FRS ne GMRS walkie-talkies kabatu bumvuangana mu tshikondo tshia dilonga dia mu musoko, ne mmunyi mudi "Privacy Code 0" ulongolola bualu ebu?¶

Biamu bia mudimu bia FRS, GMRS, ne PMR446 bitu misangu ya bungi bilua ne "Code wa malu masokoka" (CTCSS anyi DCS sub-audible squelch tone) muteka. Mukenji wa tshisokomenu kawena wenza bua muyuki webe wikale wa tshisokomenu to; udi anu ujika tshiamu tshia kuakula natshi tshia rédio webe pa kumbusha pikala tshiamu tshidi tshibuela tshikale ne dîyi disokoka adi menemene. Shi tshisanji tshieba tshiteka pa tshisanji 3, code 12, ne tshisanji tshia muena mutumba nebe tshiteka pa tshisanji 3, code 0 (Off), muena mutumba nebe neumvue wewe ubikila diambuluisha, kadi tshisanji tshiebe netshipuekeshe dîyi padiye wandamuna. Kuteka tshiamu tshionso tshia tshisanji ku Privacy Code 0 kudi kujadika 100 pa lukama ya diumvuangana dia mishindu yonso.

Bua tshinyi bidi ne njiwu bua kukolesha tshimanu anyi mutshi udi mukuluke ne mabue a beton pamutu pa kuenza mudimu ne mabaya a 4x4?¶

Mabue a tshiamu tshia mitaku ne mabue a mabue adi ne mabue adi kaayi anyanguka adibu benze anu bua kufina bimanu bimane; padibu bafila bujitu budi kabuyi bufuanangane anyi bukole budi buenda bunyanguka muinshi mua mutshi udi mukuluke, mabue a cinder adi atshibuka mu tshimpitshimpi ne adi mua kututa kakuyi didimuija nansha dimue. Mabaya makole a 4x4 a Douglas Fir anyi a Southern Yellow Pine adibu bateke mu tshitupa tshia 2x2 tshia log-cabin square ("box cribbing") adi afina kakese ku ntete ya mabaya bua kukuata bujitu, adi aabanya bujitu pa mitshi inayi mikole idi mibuejakaja (adi mua kukuata kilo 24 000 /1000), ne give madimuija a dibutuka adi umvuika kumpala kua kufika ku ndekelu kuawu.

Bena mutumba badiku bakubibue bilondeshile mikenji padibu bafila diambuluisha dia kumpala anyi bapandisha muntu padi tshipupu tshienzeka anyi?¶

Eyowa. Matunga onso 50 a mu États-Unis, maprovense onso a mu Canada, Royaume-Uni, matunga adi mu buobumue bua matunga a ku Mputu, ne Australie adi ne mikenji ya bena Samalea bimpe idi ikuba bena ditunga badi bafila diambuluisha diakane, dia ditabuja dimpe mu tshimpitshimpi padiku bualu bua tshimpitshimpi kabayi batekemene bua kubafuta kudi dibanza dia bena ditunga. Paudi wenza malu ne bukubi mu tshikondo tshia dilonga diebe (bu mudi: kuenza mudimu ne tshiamu tshia nzembu anyi tshiamu tshia tourniquet bua kuimanyika mashi adi apatuka bikole, kukanga tshiamu tshia kupima natshi gaz tshidi tshipatuka, anyi kutangila muena mutumba mukulakaje), mikenji idi ikuba bena mutumba bua kuambuluisha bena mutumba.

Miaba ne buludiki bua mbulamatadi¶

• Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA, United States): Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) Basic Training Participant Manual: Tshitupa 1 (Dilongolola dia bipupu), Tshitupa ¾ (Midimu ya buanga bua bipupu), ne Tshitupa 5 (Midimu ya dikeba ne disungila bantu ne 4x4)
• Washington Military Department Emergency Management Division (EMD, United States): Map Your Neighborhood (MYN): The 9 Steps to Take Immediately Following a Disaster to Secure Your House and Protection Your Neighborhood.
• Biro bia mbulamatadi wa mu UK ne tshibambalu tshia ditantamana dia ditunga (Royaume-Uni): Dilongolola dia malu a tshimpitshimpi: Mulombodi wa dilongolola dia malu a tshimpitshimpi a mu tshisumbu ne balami ba malu a mvula/a ditantamana dia muaba udibu basombele.
• Biro bia malu a tshimpitshimpi bia mu tshitupa tshia Wellington (WREMO) ne Tshibambalu tshia malu a tshimpitshimpi tshia mu ditunga (NEMA, Nouvelle-Zélande): Mukanda wa malu a tshimpitshimpi wa mu tshisumbu: Bena mutumba badi bambuluisha bena mutumba nabu kunyima kua tshikumina tshikole.
• Tshibambalu tshia dilama dia kapia ne bipupu (FDMA, Japon): Malongesha a mu tshikumina tshinene tshia Hanshin-Awaji (Kobe) tshia mu 1995: Mudimu wa Jishu Bōsai Soshiki (Malongolodi a budisuile adi atangila bipupu) mu dijikija dia mudimu mu dîba dia kumpala.

Malu adi apetangana¶

• Diambuluisha dia bena mutumba dia CERT, plan wa kapitene wa nzubu, ne difunda dia bena mutumba badi mu njiwu
• Diyukidilangana dia lukasa padi bimanu bia telefone binyanguka: SOS wa satellite, radio wa NOAA, ne GMRS
• Dilongolola dia nzubu mu tshikondo tshia tshikumina: dikanga dia tshiamu tshia kuowa natshi mayi, dilamakaja dia bintu bia mu nzubu, ne tshiamu tshia gaz
• Bulema ne majinga a luondapu mu bikondo bia tshimpitshimpi
• Bantu bakulumpe badi balongolola malu a tshimpitshimpi