Ditapuluka dia nsongo ya ball anyi Tie-Rod: Dikalu dia kumpala dikuate muinshi mua Fender ("Ka-Chow" Stance) ne dijimija dionso dia bukokeshi bua dilombola¶

Malu makese a dipanga dia tshiamu tshia mashinyi adi amueneka anyi adi amueneka bu mabi kupita dikoka dia tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshia kumpala anyi ditapuluka dia ndekelu dia tshiamu tshia kukanga natshi tshia pambelu padibu bendesha. Padi tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshia kumpala tshiume ne tshinyanguke tshipatuka mu tshibombi tshiatshi tshia tshiamu (whether while turning over a speed bump in a parking lot or cruising at 100 km/h on the highway), tshiamu tshijima tshia kuendesha natshi mashinyi ne nkata ya kumpala bidi bipatuka diakamue ku tshianza tshia kuinshi tshia dilombola: tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshia tshiendedi tshidi tshituta bikole pambelu mu 35-to-45-degree angle (the notorious collapsed "Ka-Chow" stance), ditumba dia kumpala dia mashinyi didi dipueka 20 centimètres (8 inches) pa tshibandilu, ne tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshipueka pambelu tshidi tshipueka musangu umue tshidi tshipatula tshiamu tshia CV tshia munda mu tshiamu tshia mashinyi (disabling forward drive and PARK) ne udi utapulula tshiamu tshia frein tshia hydraulique tshia caoutchouc mu bitupa bibidi (dumping half of your brake fluid onto the road). Bia muomumue bidi bienza buôwa, pikala tshiamu tshiebe tshia pambelu tshitapuluke ne tshiamu tshia kuendesha natshi mashinyi mu lubilu lua njila munene, tshiamu tshia kumpala tshidi tshishala tshimane pa tshibandilu tshiatshi, kadi tshidi tshipatuka tshishiki ku tshiamu tshiebe tshia mashinyi - bienza bua tshiamu tshidi katshiyi tshienda tshinyunguluke 45 degrés ku luseke nkayatshi ne tshikoka mashinyi ebe ne tshikisu mu njila anyi mu njila njila. Wewe mumvue matela a kale "CREAK-GROAN-SQUEAK" paudi wenda unyungulula volant ne lubilu lukese anyi "CLUNK" pa mutu pa bipumbishi bia mu njila, anyi pikala tshiamu tshiebe tshia mupimbu anyi tshiamu tshiebe tshia kukanga natshi bintu tshitapuluke mpindieu, londa mikenji eyi ya tshimpitshimpi ne ya dibueja dia skate-loading diakamue (bikila nimero wa tshimpitshimpi wa muaba uudi musombele: pikala njila wa tshimpitshimpi: mu États-Unis ne mu Canada, 112 mu matunga a ku Mputu, 999 mu Royaume-Uni mona bionso; nomba ya tshimpitshimpi). Bua malu adi atangila dilombola dia mashinyi ne dia nkata, bala dibutuka dia nkata ne dinyanguka dia tshiamu tshia mashinyi pa lubilu, tshiamu tshia kuendesha natshi mashinyi tshidi tshikanga padibu bendesha mashinyi, dijimija dia tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi ne bukole, ne tshintu tshia kutemesha natshi kapia tshidi tshikanga, ne dinyanguka dia frein paudi wendesha.

Enza nunku mpindieu¶

1. BIkala DITUKU DIEBE DIA KUMPALA DIFUNDUKA MU MUSHINDU MU MUSHINDU WA MUSHINDU WA KUMPALA/MUINSHI WA FENDER (LOWER BALL JOINT SEPARATION) ANYI PIVOTS WILDLY ON ITS OWN (TIE-ROD SEPARATION) PADI MUENZA:
2. Kuata tshiamu tshia kuendesha natshi mashinyi bikole ku 9 and 3 O'Clock ne kuendesha mashinyi ne nkata ya kumpala idi mishale:
   • Bua tshinyi udi anu ne bukokeshi bua kulombola 50 pa lukama: Ditapulula dia tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshia mupimbu ne ditapuluka dia tshiamu tshia kukanga natshi tshia pambelu bitu bitamba kuenzeka anu ku luseke lumue (Left OR Right)**. Tshiamu tshiebe tshia kuendesha natshi mashinyi tshidi tshidi anu tshilamakaja 100 pa lukama ku tshiamu tshia kumpala tshidi tshitangilangane, tshidi katshiyi tshinyanguke. Nansha mudi dikalu dikuluka anyi ditshibuka ku luseke dienza bua dikoka dia bungi ditangile ku luseke lutshibuka, kukudimuna dikalu dia volan bikole kule ne dikoka (counter-steering 15 to 45 degrees) udi unyungulula tshiendedi tshia kumpala tshimpe bua kulongolola tshiadi ne kulama mashinyi mu njila wende.
3. Umbusha diakamue dikasa diebe pa tshiamu tshia mashinyi (Prevent the Torn CV Axle From Whipping the Brake Line).
4. Padi tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshia mupimbu tshipatuka pa tshiamu tshia kumpala (FWD) anyi AWD mashinyi, tshitupa tshia pambelu tshia nkata tshidi misangu yonso tshikoka tshitupa tshia munda tshia tshiamu tshia CV kule. Kufina tshiamu tshia gaz kudi kunyunguluka tshiamu tshia mitaku tshidi tshipatuka munda mua nkata bimpe bu tshiamu tshia nzembu. Lekela gaz diakamue bua dikokangana dikole dia tshiendedi tshia ku luseke dienze bua mashinyi ende lubilu.
5. Dilongolola bua "Pedale wa frein mule, wa tshiponji" (Diagonal Hydraulic Brake Circuit Loss) NE KUTUA Frein Pa mutu pa 40 km/h (25 mph).
6. Bua tshinyi tshiamu tshiebe tshia frein tshidi tshipueka panshi: Padi tshiamu tshia kuendesha natshi mashinyi tshipueka 15 centimètres pambelu, bujitu buonso bua tshisumbu tshia nkata budi bulengeja buludiludi pa tshiamu tshia frein tshia kumpala tshia tshiamu tshia caoutchouc tshidi tshishintuluka too ne padi tshiamu atshi tshinyanguka mu bitupa bibidi (spraying DOT 3/4 brake fluid across the wheel well).
7. Bualu mashinyi onso a matuku etu aa adi ne Dual-Diagonal Split Master Cylinder (Front-Left + Rear-Right pa Circuit A; Front-Right + Rear-Left pa Circuit B), kutapa tshiamu tshia frein tshia kumpala kudi kujimija 50 pa lukama ya pression wa hydraulique: tshiamu tshia frein netshipueke panshi bikole kumpala kua circuit wa diagonal wa panyima kukuata kuinshi 30 pa lukama lua luendu lua pedale.
8. Pa mutu pa 40 km/h (25 mph): Lekela tshiendedi tshia ku luseke ne frein wa motere bitekeshe mashinyi kumpala (stomping the brakes at 100 km/h while one front wheel is folded sideways can trip the digging lower control arm and roll the SUV).
9. Muinshi mua 35 km/h (22 mph): Fina tshiamu tshia frein bimpa too ne kuinshi kua tshitupa tshia kuinshi (and pull the mechanical / electronic **Parking Brake** gradually) bua kuimana pa dikaya.
10. Paudi wimana, Teka PARKING BRAKE Bikole KUMPALA kua Kushintuluka Mu PARK (P) (Because the Pulled-Out CV Axle Disables PARK).
11. Anu bu tshiamu tshia CV tshidi tshinyanguke, padi tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshidi tshikuluka tshipatula tshitupa tshia munda tshia CV mu transmission, kuteka tshiamu tshia mashinyi mu PARK (P) KAKUENA kulama mashinyi muaba umue pa tshibandilu to. Kanga nkata ya kunyima ne Frein wa kuimana / Frein wa ku bianza ne kukanga nkata ya kunyima kumpala kua kupatuka.
12. Paudi ubikila mashinyi a dikoka, ambila muntu udi ukutuma mêyi a majimbu aa: "Tshintu tshianyi tshia kuinshi tshidi tshitapuluke ne tshiamu tshia kumpala tshidi tshikoka ku luseke - Tuma tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi ne GoJacks anyi Plastic Skates / WreckMaster Wedges."
13. Mashinyi a kukoka nawu mashinyi kaena mua kukoka nkata ya "Ka-Chow" idi mitangile ku luseke pa tshibandilu tshidi katshiyi tshikosa tshilamba tshiebe tshionso tshia kumpala ne tshibumba to, anu padiye muele slide skates ya plastique (Skates / Wedges) anyi mashinyi a tshiamu tshia nzembu (GoJacks) muinshi mua tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshikuluke.

Mutshi wa mapangadika: Dimanya dia kumpala kua dipanga dia tshintu tshidi tshienza bua nsongo ne dipanga dia ditapuluka dia ball joint anyi tie-rod¶

flowchart TD
    A["Tshitekelu tshia kumpala anyi tshinyangu tshia dilombola (mutoyi mu njila anyi dikuluka dia tshimpitshimpi dia nkata paudi wendesha)"] --> B{"1. Tshitupa tshia mubidi tshikadi tshitapuluke anyi, anyi udi umvua mutoyi wa didimuija dia kumpala kua dinyanguka?"}
    B -->|"DIMMUIJA DIA KUMPALA KUA DIFUKA: Kuikala 'Matela a kale' mutoyi/mutoyi padibu bakudimuna volan ku lubilu lukese NANSHA 'Clunk' mukole pa mutu pa lubilu lukole"| C["DISHINTULULA DIA MUDIMU WA KUDIMUENA: 1. Kuendeshi mashinyi mu njila munene to -> 2. Tangila kunyima kua tshiendedi tshia kumpala ne toshete (Tangila ni tshibombi tshia tshiamu tshia nshinga tshidi tshipanduluke anyi tshidi ne lupuishi lua nsukadi) -> 3. Endesha bitekete bitekete (< 40 km/h) anyi ukoka bua kusumba tshintu tshia kupingana natshi tshia Ball Joint / Control"]
    B -->|"DIDIMUIJA DIA KUMPALA KUA DIFUKA: Dienda dia tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshiendakana + ne dinyanguka dia ku muelelu wa nkata ya kumpala idi kayiyi mikumbane"| D["MUNDA ANYI MU MUSHINDU WA PANJA: Ikala ne muntu udi ukuambuluisha bua kunyunguluka volant 5 cm ku dia bakaji/ku dia balume paudi utangila tshibuelelu tshia tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi panyima pa tshiamu tshia mashinyi -> Pingaja tshitupa tshia tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshinyanguke + Dilongolola dia nkata inayi didi dilomba"]
    B -->|"DITABULULA DIA MUDIMU: Dikuma dikole + Ditumba dia kumpala didi dipueka 20 cm + Dikalu dia kumpala didi dipueka pambelu/munda mu 45 Degrees ('Ka-Chow' Stance)"| E["LOWER BALL JOINT PULL-OUT (Simultaneous Steering Drag + Pulled CV Axle + Torn Brake Hose): 1. Grip wheel at 9 & 3 o'clock -> 2. Counter-steer firmly with the remaining good front wheel -> 3. Take foot OFF gas immediately"]
    B -->|"DITABULULA DIA MUDIMU: Tshiamu tshia volant tshidi tshienda tshinyanguka/tshikoseka + Tshiamu tshimue tshia kumpala tshidi tshienda tshinyunguluka 45 Degrees ku luseke mu dikoka dia tshikisu"| F["DITApulula dia ku ndekelu kua tshiamu tshia nzembu (Kakuyi dilombola dia dikalu dimue, bule bua diendesha dia pa tshibidilu): 1. Kuendesha dikalu dia kumpala didi dishale -> 2. Umbusha gaz ne temesha Hazard Flashers -> 3. Ela frein bimpe pa dikaya"]
    E --> G["4. Tekemena tshiamu tshia frein tshia muinshi (Torn Brake Hose = Diagonal Backup Circuit Only) -> 5. Lekesha muinshi mua 35 km/h ku diambuluisha dia dikoka dia nkata/frein wa motere kumpala kua frein mukole -> 6. Teka PARKING BRAKE bikole (PARK pawls disabled by pulled CV axle) -> 7 Callwt/Flacks Toolkates."]
    F --> G

Anatomie Mecanique: Bua tshinyi ditapuluka dia tshitupa tshia muinshi tshia mupimbu didi dinyanga bintu binayi musangu umua (The "Ka-Chow" Cascade)¶

Padi tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshia mupimbu tshitapuluka, katshiena kabidi "anu tshitupa tshia mupimbu wa dolare 60" to. Bualu bua tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshia mupimbu ntshintu tshia kuinshi tshidi tshikuata tshiamu tshia kuendesha natshi mashinyi tshikole munda pa tshiamu tshia mashinyi, dinyanguka diatshi dia tshimpitshimpi didi dijula 4-part domino cascade:

================================================================================
FRONT VIEW OF FRONT SUSPENSION: NORMAL vs. LOWER BALL JOINT SEPARATION ("KA-CHOW")
================================================================================

  1. NORMAL FRONT SUSPENSION:            2. LOWER BALL JOINT PULL-OUT CASCADE:
     Lower Ball Joint holds bottom          Bottom of tire kicks 45 deg outward,
     of Steering Knuckle tight to           tearing out CV Axle, Brake Hose & Fender.
     Lower Control Arm.
                                              Upper Strut / Control Arm bends
           [Upper Strut Mount]                        [Upper Strut]
                   ||                                      \\
                   ||  <-- Brake Hose (Slack)               \\  <-- (1) BRAKE HOSE RIPS
             +-----+-----+    & ABS Wire                     \\         IN HALF (50% Brake
             |    Tire    |                                    \\        Fluid Lost)
             |  (0 deg   |  <== [CV Axle]              //======\\
             |  Vertical)|      (Seated in            //  Tire  \\ <-- (2) CV AXLE YANKED
             +-----+-----+       Trans)              // (Folded  \\        OUT OF TRANS
                   |                                //  45 Deg    \\       (No Drive /
              (Ball Joint)                         //  "Ka-Chow")  \\       No 'PARK')
                   |                               ==================
      [Lower Control Arm]=======                  [Lower Control Arm]
                                                          ||
                                                   (3) DROPS ONTO ASPHALT
                                                       (Grinds sparks)
================================================================================

Bua tshinyi "Tension-Loaded" Lower Ball Joints idi mua kupatuka misangu ibidi kupita "Compression-Loaded" Ball Joints¶

Kabiena bionso bia mashinyi bidi bikuata tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshia mupimbu mu njila umue to: 1. Compression-Loaded Ball Joints: Pa mashinyi a bungi a MacPherson-strut, coil spring udi usomba pa strut wa kuulu, ne ball joint wa kuinshi udi mufina panshi mu tshitekelu tshiawu (or hangs without spring load), udi upeta nangananga bukole bua dikoseka dia ku luseke. 2. Tension-Loaded ("Pull-Apart") Lower Ball Joints (Famous on 1st-Gen Toyota Sequoia / Tundra / Tacoma / 4Runner, Honda Accord / Odyssey, Dodge Dakota / Durango, and Ford F-150 / Explorer): - Pa Double-Wishbone (SLA) bimanyinu mudi ressort wa bobine anyi barre wa torsion ututa panshi pa tshianza tshia kuinshi tshia dilombola padi bujitu bua mashinyi bupueka panshi pa kazubu, tshiamu tshia kuinshi tshidi muinshi mua TENSION vertical constant (3,000+ pounds of force trying to yank the ball stud straight out of the bottom of its socket 24 hours a day). - Diakamue padi tshilamba ne tshinyangu tshikepesha mushiku wa tshibuelelu ne milimetre 1,5, kututa ku tshibandilu tshia lubilu anyi kukudimuka muaba wa mashinyi kudi kukoka tshintu tshia kuela nabi mupimbu buludiludi kuinshi kua dikopo.

Tablo wa difuanyikija: Ditapuluka dia tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshia mupimbu ne ditapuluka dia tshiamu tshia pambelu ne tshianza tshia dilombola tshitshibuka¶

Padi tshiamu tshia kumpala tshileja mu tshimpitshimpi mu angle wa dikema, mona mushindu wa kumanya ni Lower Ball Joint, Outer Tie-Rod End, anyi Strut / Control Arm mbipangile, ne ntshinyi tshidi tshinyanguke:

Mulongo wa malu a kukonkonona kumpala kua dinyanguka: Mushindu kayi wa kukuata tshintu tshidi tshinyanguka anyi tshiamu tshia kukanga natshi mu njila webe (Before It Pops Out)¶

Bualu bua tshiamu tshia nzembu tshidi tshinyanguke anyi tshiamu tshia kukanga natshi bintu tshidi tshikupesha mbingu ya didimuija kumpala kua kutapuluka, enza tshikebelu tshia 60-second tshia kumona ne tshia kumvua bikala tshiamu tshiebe tshia kuendesha natshi mashinyi tshienda tshinyanguka anyi tshitupa tshiebe tshia kumpala tshienda tshikuma:

1. Diteta dia "Driveway Dry-Steer & Fender Bounce" dia kuteleja:
2. Tuadija motere (so power steering is active) paudi muimane pa tshibandilu tshiume ne dididishi diebe diunzulula panshi.
3. Kudimuna tshiamu tshia mashinyi bitekete bitekete kumpala ne panyima pabuipi ne 90 degrés ku dia bakaji ne ku dia balume: teleja mutoyi wa tshiona, wa mbila, anyi wa tshiona tshia tshiamu tshia nshinga tshidi tshifumina kunyima kua tshiamu tshia kumpala (the sound of a bone-dry, rusty ball stud grinding inside a dry socket).
4. Pashishe, ujimije motere, upatuke pambelu, ne utute bikole ku tshianza tshia kumpala tshia ku dia bakaji ne tshia kumpala tshia ku dia balume bua kubandisha tshiamu tshia mashinyi: pikala creak-groan wa muomumue wenzeka pa dibandila dia muulu ne pa dishintuluka dia steering, udi 100 pa lukama tshintu tshiume tshia ball joint (since a tie rod only pivots horizontally when steering, whereas a ball joint moves in both vertical bounce and horizontal steering).
5. Tshiamu tshia "Flashlight Boot & Rust-Powder" Visual Peek:
6. Kudimuna dikalu diebe dia mashinyi too ne ku dia bakaji, inama ku luseke lua dikalu dia kumpala ne muendu, ne tangila mabota abidi a tshiamu tshia caoutchouc adi malamakaja ku tshianza tshia dikalu:
   • Ku ndekelu kua tshilamba tshia pambelu: Kusomba mutangile kumpala anyi kunyima kua dikasa (connected to a threaded steel rod).
   • Lower Ball Joint: Udi musombe kuinshi menemene kua tshiamu tshia kuendesha natshi mashinyi munda mua tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshia tshiamu tshia mashinyi.
7. Shi tshilamba tshia tshiamu tshia caoutchouc tshitapuluke, tshibuikila kudi mafuta aume, anyi tshinyunguluka kudi lupuishi lua tshisuku tshikunze-tshikunze, tshitupa atshi tshidi tshinyanguke ne tshidi mu tshikondo tshia dilomba.
8. Bua tshinyi benji ba mashinyi badi ne tshia kubandisha mashinyi mu mishindu ibidi mishilangane bua kuteta bipese bia mashinyi (Unloading the Spring):
9. Mashinyi a bungi a kuinshi adi ne bukole adi apita mu dikonkonona dibi bualu muenji wa mashinyi udi ubandisha mashinyi ku tshibandilu tshia mashinyi pa tshiamu tshia 2-post lift (which lets the coil spring push the ball stud with 2,000 pounds of force tight against the bottom of the socket so it feels rock-solid when wiggled by hand).
10. Mushindu muimpe wa kukonkonona ASE / MOT: Bua kuteta tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshia ball joint bimpe, tshiamu tshia panshi tshidi ne tshia kuikala tshiteka muinshi mua ndekelu wa tshianza tshia kuinshi tshia dilombola bua kufina coil spring ne kumbusha tension wa spring ku joint, ne tshiamu tshile tshia pry bar tshidi ne tshia kuikala tshibandishibue muinshi mua tire padibu batangila ** tshimanyinu tshia diaxial ** 1.0 too ne ku 1.5 milimetre (0.050 inches)**.

Mushindu kayi udi bendeshi ba mashinyi a kukoka nawu mashinyi mua kuela tshiamu tshia "Ka-Chow" tshidi tshikuluke kabayi bapanda tshiamu tshiebe tshia mashinyi ne tshiamu tshia mashinyi (Skates & GoJacks)¶

Padi dikalu diebe dia kumpala dikosolola pambelu ku 45 degrés ne tshianza tshia kuinshi tshia dilombola tshiteka pa asphalte, dikalu kadiena mua kunyunguluka to. Shi muendeshi wa mashinyi udi kayi ne dimanya dia bungi muele tshiamu tshia mashinyi ku mashinyi eba ne mutshikoka pa metre 10 a asphalte ne pa tshibandilu tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku, tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshikanga netshipingane panyima ne netshipatule tshilamba tshiebe tshia kumpala, tshibuikidiji tshia tshibuikidiji, lumuenu lua kumpala ne tshintu tshidi tshikuatshisha mashinyi.

================================================================================
CORRECT FLATBED LOADING OF A COLLAPSED "KA-CHOW" WHEEL (PLASTIC SKATES / WEDGES)
================================================================================

  [WRONG: Dragging Bare Tire on Asphalt]     [RIGHT: WreckMaster Plastic Skates]
   Locked sideways tire folds backward,       2 interlocking high-density plastic
   ripping off front fender & control arm.    skates slid under collapsed tire/arm
                                              reduce friction by 80% so car glides.

        /-----\  <-- Fender Rips Off                /-----\   (Fender Protected)
       /  //   \                                   /  //   \
      |  //Tire | <--- Digs Into                  |  //Tire |
         =======       Asphalt                       =======
         ^^^^^^^                                  \___________/ <-- Interlocking Yellow/
     [HIGH FRICTION]                              [PLASTIC SKATE]   Orange UHMW Plastic
                                                   Slides Smoothly  Skate Under Tire &
                                                   Up Flatbed Ramp  Lower Control Arm
================================================================================

Mona tshiudi ne bua kujadika padi mashinyi a kukoka nawu bintu afika: 1. High-Density UHMW Plastic Tow Skates (WreckMaster Skates / Tire Wedges): Muena mudimu udi ukuma bintu bibidi bidi bipetangana bia jaune anyi bia orange ultra-high-molecular-weight (UHMW) bipese bia plastike bia polyethylene muinshi mua tshiendedi tshia ku luseke tshivua tshikuluke (and a third skate under the dragging lower control arm if touching the ground), pashishe udi utokesha tshibandilu tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku ne mâyi a savon (or window cleaner) nunku tshiamu tshia plastique tshidi tshienda tshibandila kakuyi lutatu kakuyi dinyanguka dia tshintu tshidi tshitshisuika. 2. Hydraulic Wheel Dollies (GoJacks) anyi dikanga dia nkunyi: Pa njila mulenga, muena mudimu udi mua kubandisha kabidi ditumba didi dikuluke ku diambuluisha dia tshiamu tshia hydraulique tshia GoJack dolly (or place a 4x4 wooden block between the frame and suspension to hold the bumper off the ramp cleavage angle). 3. Kulekedi tshiamu tshia kukoka natshi tshia kunyima tshidi ne tshitupa tshia kumpala tshidi tshikuluke tshikoka pa nkata mu njila munene: Nsenda ya plastique idi anu bua kukoka mashinyi metre 5 pa bulalu bua mashinyi manene adi apingana kunyima (never for towing down a road).

Nomba ya tshimpitshimpi ya mu tshijengu ne mikenji ya bibambalu¶

Shi ditapuluka dia ball joint anyi tie-rod dipangisha mashinyi eba mu njila wa mashinyi, mu njila, anyi mu njila munene, yukila ne bena mudimu ba lukasa lukasa:

• États-Unis ne Canada: Bikila 911 pikala mashinyi eba kaayi enda mu njila wa mashinyi (a car with a collapsed lower ball joint cannot be pushed by hand out of an intersection because the dropped control arm is anchored into the asphalt). Paudi mu bukubi, tangila 17-digit webe VIN ku NHTSA.gov/recalls (United States) anyi Transport Canada (many pickups, SUVs, and sedans have lifetime or extended NHTSA safety recalls covering lower ball joint and tie-rod assemblies).
• Royaume-Uni: Temesha minda ya didimuija dia njiwu, ela frein wa ku tshianza bikole (remembering that a pulled CV axle disables automaticParc`), exit behind the barrier if on a motorway/dual carriageway, and call **999** (shi udi ukanga njila wa njila) or **National Highways (0300 123 5000)**. Note that excessive play or a deteriorated dust cover (gaiter) on a suspension ball joint or steering track-rod end (tie-rod end`) i MOT Major / Dangerous Failure muinshi mua DVSA Section 2.1.3 ne 5.3.4.
• Union européenne: Enza mudimu ne biamu bia njiwu, ela frein wa mashinyi, ela tshilamba tshiebe tshia kumona bimpe munda mua mashinyi kumpala kua wewe kubuela panyima pa tshibuelelu tshia mashinyi, ela tshimanyinu tshiebe tshia didimuija 100 metre (330 feet) panyima, ne ubikile 112.
• Australie ne Nouvelle-Zélande: Bikila 000 (Australia) anyi 111 (New Zealand) shi udi ukanga njila udi wenda, ne uleje tshisumbu tshieba tshia ku muelelu kua njila (NRMA, RACV, RACQ, or AA) udi dijinga ne mashinyi a tilt-tray flatbed adi ne biamu bia kuendesha nabi (sliders) anyi GoJacks bua tshiamu tshia kumpala tshidi tshikuluka.
• India ne Asie-Pacifique: Ela nzembu ya njiwu ya njila inayi, teka frein wa tshianza mukole, teka tshiamu tshia dibue kunyima kua dikalu dia panyima, ne ela 112 (or 1033 National Highway Helpline in India) bua bukubi bua mashinyi a mpulushi ne dipingaja dia nzubu ya tshilala benyi (tangila bionso nomba ya tshimpitshimpi).

Nkonko itubu bela misangu ya bungi¶

Bua tshinyi benji ba mashinyi badi babikila tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshidi tshitshibuka ne: "Ka-Chow" stance, ne bua tshinyi tshidi anu tshikosolola tshiamu tshia CV ne tshiamu tshia frein kabidi?¶

"Ka-Chow" i muakulu wa mecanicien (udi uleja mashinyi a lubilu Lightning McQueen udi ulenga nkata yende ya kumpala pambelu mu angle wa 45-degree) bua mushindu udi mashinyi adi ne tshitupa tshia kumpala tshia kuinshi tshipatuke mu tshibombi tshiawu. Bualu bua tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshia ball tshidi tshilamakaja tshiamu tshia kumpala tshia nkata (tshiamu tshia kuendesha natshi) ne tshianza tshia kuinshi tshia dilombola, dîba didi tshiamu tshia ball tshipatuka, tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshia nkata tshikole tshidi tshituta 30 too ne ku 45 degrés pambelu eku tshitupa tshia kuulu tshia nkata tshidi tshishala tshilamakaja ku tshiamu tshia kuulu. Dishintuluka dia bukole dia 20-centimetre (8-inch) dia pambelu didi dikoka tshiamu tshia Constant Velocity (CV) mu dikopo diatshi dia munda, ditshibula mushiku wa tshiamu tshia pambelu pa tshibandilu tshia tshiamu tshia mashinyi, ne dilengeja bujitu buonso bua tshisumbu tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku pa tshiamu tshia hydraulic tshia tshiamu tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku too ne padi tshiamu tshia hydraulique tshibuela mu tshitupa.

Mmunyi mudi ditapuluka dia Outer Tie-Rod End dishilangane ne dia Lower Ball Joint pandi ntangila tshiamu tshia kumpala?¶

Tangila ni dikalu didi dishindame ("camber") anyi ditangile ku luseke lua dia bakaji anyi dia balume ("toe"). Padi Lower Ball Joint utapuluka, tshiamu tshia kumpala tshia mashinyi tshidi tshipueka panshi ne nkata idi inyunguluka mu angle wa tshimpitshimpi (tshitupa tshia kuinshi kua tshiendedi tshidi tshipatuka eku tshia kuulu tshienda muinshi mua tshilamba tshia mashinyi). Padi Outer Tie-Rod End utapuluka, mashinyi adi ashala ku bule buawu bua pa tshibidilu ne dikalu didi diimana bululame muulu ne panshi mu tshibandilu - bualu maboko a kuulu ne a kuinshi adi anu makole - PA kumbusha ne: dikalu didi kadiyi disangisha didi dishintuluka 45 degrés ku dia bakaji anyi ku dia balume (bienze anu bu udi wenda unyunguluka ne dikalu diebe dia kumpala) nkata idi mitangila bululame kumpala.

Bua tshinyi tshitupa tshianyi tshia kuinshi tshiakapatuka pamvua ngenda ngenda ne lubilu lua 8 km/h (5 mph) mutangile muaba wa kuimanyika mashinyi mu tshisalu tshia bintu bia kudia pamutu pa kuikala mu njila munene?¶

Pa mutu pa 75 too ne ku 80 pa lukama ya bipese bia muinshi mua buloba bidi bienzeka ku lubilu lukese (5 too ne ku 25 km/h / 3 too ne ku 15 mph) padibu bakudimuna volant bikole muaba wa kuimanyika mashinyi, upingana panyima pa njila wa mashinyi pa mutu pa tshilamba tshia ku njila, anyi wenza U-turn. Paudi wendesha bululame mu njila munene mutoke, nkata idi pankatshi ne bukole bua dilombola budi bukese. Paudi ubandisha tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshia mashinyi too ne ku dikanga dia lubilu lukese padi tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshienda tshibuela mu asphalte muume ne tshienda tshibuela mu njila wa mashinyi, tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshienza mudimu ne bukole bua bungi ne torque wa dienda buludiludi pa tshintu tshiume tshidi tshikuate mu angle watshi mutambe buimpe - kupatula mupimbu munyanguke mu tshipalu tshia mashinyi (tshidi bushuwa dibenesha) mu tshisokomenu tshifuanyikija ne dipanga dia minite 10 pashishe ku 110 km/h mu njila munene).

Tshiamu tshia ball tshidi tshinyanguka tshidi tshiumvuika mushindu kayi KUMPALA kuatshi kutshibuka, ne mmunyi mundi mua kutshimanya ne tshiamu tshia sway-bar tshidi tshinyanguke anyi tshia strut mount?¶

Tshintu tshiume tshidi tshienda tshinyanguka tshidi tshienza mutoyi ibidi: 1. Mutoyi mukole, muume wa "CREAK-GROAN-SQUEAK" (muomumue ne: kutuluka pa matela a kale adi ne nsukadi anyi kunzulula tshiibi tshia mabaya tshidi tshienza mutoyi) tshidi tshienzeka paudi ukudimuna volant bitekete bitekete paudi upueka panshi paudi upueka kumpala kua mashinyi NE bua kukuluka kumpala kua mashinyi mulu ne panshi, ne 2. "THUD / CLUNK" wa tshiamu tshikole udi umvua muinshi mua makasa ebe mu tshitekelu tshia panshi paudi wenda pa tshibandilu tshia mashinyi anyi pa tshilamba tshia mashinyi. Kadi, tshiamu tshia ku ndekelu tshia sway-bar (stabilizer) tshidi tshienza "rattle-clatter" mupepele, wa lukasa pa tusoso tukese tua pavema kadi katshiena tshienza mutoyi nansha kakese paudi ubalulula tshiamu tshia mashinyi paudi muimane.

Bua tshinyi tshiamu tshianyi tshia frein tshiakakuluka too ne panshi pavua tshiamu tshianyi tshia kumpala tshinyanguke? Ndi mujimije ma frein onso anayi anyi?¶

Tòo, udi anu ne frein ibidi idi yenza mudimu ku circuit diagonal wa panyima, nansha mudi pedale umueneka muinshi menemene ne bu tshiponji. Pavua dikalu dia kumpala dikuluke pambelu ne dipanda tshiamu tshia frein tshia kumpala tshia tshiamu tshia caoutchouc mu bitupa bibidi, mayi a frein akapatuka mu ditumba adi, ne kupuekesha tshitupa tshia tshiamu tshiebe tshia frein. Diakalenga, mashinyi onso a bantu adibu benze katshia mu 1967 adi alomba kudi mikenji ya ditunga (FMVSS 105 / 135) bua kuikala ne tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi ne nzubu ibidi tshitapulula mu diagonale (kumpala-ku dia bakaji + kunyima-ku dia balume pa piston umue; kumpala-ku dia balume + kunyima-ku dia bakaji pa piston muibidi). Bitupa 60 pa lukama bia luendu lua tshiamu tshieba tshia frein bidi bipatula mayi mu tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshitapuluke ne tshintu tshidi tshitshipangisha, kadi paudi wela tshiamu tshia mashinyi bikole mu tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshia 30 anyi 40 tshia luendu luatshi, piston muibidi udi ubuela ne ukuata frein wa kumpala ne frein wa panyima (ne udi anu ne frein webe wa mashinyi anyi wa tshiamu tshia nzembu ku nkata yonso ibidi ya panyima).

Bantu bakuabu basatu bavua pabuipi apu bakafila bua kungambuluisha bua kupatula mashinyi anyi mu njila panyima pa dinyanguka dia mashinyi anyi, kadi mashinyi kaavua mua kunyunguluka nansha mu Neutral to. Buatshinyi?¶

Padi tshitupa tshia kuinshi tshia mupimbu tshitapuluka, biamu bibidi bia kukanga nabi mashinyi bidi bikuata mashinyi ku asphalte bua kawuyi mua kuela ku bianza nansha mu Neutral. Tshia kumpala, tshitupa tshia kumpala ne tshianza tshia kuinshi tshia tshiamu tshia mitaku mbipuekele 20 santimetre bululame panshi ne bidi biikisha buludiludi pa tshibandilu (anyi tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshikuluke tshidi tshilamakaja bikole ku luseke lua tshiamu tshia mitaku tshidi tshinyanguke). Tshibidi, shi tshiamu tshia munda tshia CV tshipatuka ne tshidiela nkayatshi ku tshianza tshia kuinshi tshia dilombola anyi ku nzubu wa dituma, tshiamu tshia nkata tshidi tshikanga. Kuimana mu njila udi wenda ukeba kuela mashinyi adi ne tshitupa tshia mupimbu tshidi tshikuluke to: temesha biamu biebe bia njiwu bia njila inayi, umbusha bantu bonso mu njila mu bukubi, ubikile bampulushi ba 911 bua kukanga njila ne miendu ya cruiser, ne windile mashinyi adi akoka mashinyi adi ne biamu bia plastique anyi GoJacks bia hydraulique.

Malu adi apetangana¶

• Dibutuka dia nkata ne dinyanguka dia tshiamu tshia mashinyi pa lubilu
• Tshiamu tshia mashinyi tshidi tshikanga padibu bendesha, dijimija dia tshiamu tshia mashinyi, ne tshiamu tshia mudilu tshidi tshikanga
• Dinyanguka dia frein paudi wendesha
• Dilongolola dia lukasa dia ku muelelu kua njila ne dijikija dia bilumbu
• Nomba ya tshimpitshimpi

Miaba ne buludiki bua mbulamatadi¶

• Tshibambalu tshia bukubi bua njila ya ditunga (NHTSA, Office of Defects Investigation, United States): Safety Recalls and Engineering Analyses on Tension-Loaded Front Lower Ball Joint Separations (Toyota Sequoia/Tundra/Tacoma, Dodge Dakota/Durango, Honda Accord, Ford Explorer) ne Outer Tie-Rod End Fracture Modes.
• Tshisumbu tshia ba-enjenyere ba mashinyi (SAE International Mikenji ya tshiamu tshia mashinyi ne ya tshibandilu J193 / J490): Njila ya diteta dia tshiamu tshia mitaku ne tshiamu tshia nsongo: Bukole bua dikoka, dikosa dia mishiku ya tshibuelelu, bujalame bua lupuishi lua tshiamu tshia mashinyi, ne dipingaja dia tshiamu tshia frein tshia mu nseke ibidi (FMVSS 105 / 135).
• Tshibambalu tshia bendeshi ne mashinyi tshia mu UK (DVSA MOT Inspection Manual - Sections 2.1.3 & 5.3.4): Inspection Criteria for Steering Linkage Ball Joints (Track-Rod Ends) ne Suspension Arms/Swivel Joints: Axial Play Thresholds, Unloading Spring Tension During Jacking, and Split Dust Cover (Gaiter) Mapanga.
• Tshilongelu tshia ditunga tshia mudimu muimpe wa mashinyi (ASE Diteta A4 - Suspension and Steering, United States): Diagnostic Procedures for Separating Compression-Loaded vs. Tension-Loaded Ball Joints, Dial-Indicator Axial Play Measurement (>0.050 in), ne Post-Replacement Four-Wheel Alignment Geometry.
• WreckMaster Towing & Recovery Institute ne AAA (American Automobile Association): Dibueja dia mashinyi adi ne tshiamu tshia kumpala tshikuluke kakuyi dinyanguka ku diambuluisha dia biamu bia UHMW bia polyethylene (Wedges), Lubricated Decks, ne Hydraulic Wheel Dollies (GoJacks).