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Pressure cooker uye Instant Pot lid blowout uye kupisa kwakanyanya kweutsi

Nhamba dze emergency dzinosiyana nenyika. Iri peji rinoshandisa 911, nhamba yeUnited States neCanada. Dzimwe nyika dzakawanda dzinoshandisa 112, 999, kana imwe nhamba. Tsvaga nhamba yenyika yako.

Stovetop pressure cookers, electric multi-cooker (seInstant Pot, Ninja Foodi, uye Breville Fast Slow Pro), uye heavy-gauge home pressure canners inoshanda seyakavharwa thermodynamic pressure midziyo. Nekuteya mhute yemvura mukati mekamuri isina mhepo ine geji dhigirii re*0.7 kusvika 1.0 bha (10 kusvika 15 pounds per square inch pamusoro pemhepo yemhepo)**, midziyo iyi inokwidza kuvira kwemvura kubva pa100 degrees Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit) kusvika 115 kusvika 200 dhigirii 201 celsius

Kana chibiki ichi chikatadza kushanda zvakanaka, chikazadzwa nezvikafu zvinopupuma, vharavhu inoburitsa chiutsi yakavharwa nemarara echikafu, kana kuti chivharo chayo chakamonyoroka nguva isati yakwana presha yemukati isati yadonha kusvika zero, fizikisi inoputika. Iyo mvura inopisa mukati inoerekana yaiswa mukamuri yekumanikidzwa kwemhepo uye ** inopenya ipapo ichipinda muutsi, ichiwedzera ka1,600 muvhoriyamu musekondi yakakamurwa . Kuputika kwechisimba uku, kunozivikanwa mufizikisi seMutobvu Unofashaira Uchiwedzera Kuputika Kwemhepo (BLEVE)**, kunoputika chivharo chesimbi chakananga kusirin'i uye kunoisa geyser ye120 degrees Celsius (248 degrees Fahrenheit) poriji inonamira, muto webhinzi, kana nyama yemombe.

Kuziva kuvhara zvakachengeteka sputtering kana jammed pressure cooker pasina kufamba uchienda kuhari, nei uchifanira ** kusambomanikidza chivharo chisingadi kuvhurika kana kutakura poto yakamanikidzwa kuenda kune sink **, uye nzira yekupa pakarepo 20-maminetsi inotonhorera mvura inoyerera rubatsiro rwekutanga kune gobvu chikafu uye kupisa kweutsi kunodzivirira kushandura hupenyu.

Ita izvi ikozvino

  1. Bvisa mukicheni uye cheka simba kana kupisa kubva kure kana poto iri kushinyira zvine simba kana kutumbuka: Kana muchina wekubikira uri kuridza muridzo nevharuvhu yakavharwa, uchipfapfaidza chikafu kubva pamarimu, kana kuzunungusa zvine simba pachitofu, usafambe uchienda kupoto uye usabate vharafu. Bvisa munhu wese (kunyanya vana nemhuka dzinovaraidza) kubva mukicheni, uye kana iri yemagetsi pressure cooker, ** flip the Kitchen circuit breaker to OFF pamagetsi epamba pako ** (kana bvisa tambo yemudhuri chete kana ichisvikika usina kuzembera papoto).
  2. Usambomanikidza chivharo chakasimba kuvhurika uye usambosimudza kana kutakura poto yakamanikidzika: Kana mubato wevharo ukaramba kupinduka nekadikidiki, hari ichiri kumanikidzika mukati (kunyangwe pini inoyangarara ichiita seyadonha nekuti sitachi inonamira yainamira pasi). Usambomanikidzira chivharo, usambopenengura pini yakayangarara nebanga, uye usambofa wakatakura chibikira chinopisa uchichiisa kune sink kuti uise mvura inotonhora pamusoro pacho. Ngachigare chisina kubatwa pakaunda kwe45 kusvika kumaminitsi 60 kusvikira yadziya pakuibata.
  3. Fonera nhamba yako yekukurumidzira yekwaunogara nekukurumidza kana munhu apiswa nemhepo: Kana chibikidzo chikaputikira pamunhu, fonera nhamba yako ye emergency emergency (911 kuUnited States neCanada, 112 kuEuropean Union, 999 kuUnited Kingdom, kana 000 kuAustralia) kana tarisa yedu nhamba dze emergency directory. Kutsva kupi nekupi kumeso, maziso, mutsipa, chipfuva, maoko, tsoka, kana zvidya, kana kutsva kwakakura kudarika chanza chemunhu wacho, kunoda rubatsiro rwekukurumidza muchipatara.
  4. Bvisa munhu anenge atsva pasi pemvura yemupombi inotonhorera kwemaminetsi makumi maviri akazara nekukasira: Pinda wakananga mushower kana kubata nzvimbo yatsva pasi pepombi yekugezera inoyerera zvinyoro mvura yemupombi inotonhorera (15 kusvika 20 madhigirii celsius / 59 kusvika 68 madhigirii Fahrenheit) kwe 20 maminetsi anoramba achienderera mberi. Rega mvura inoyerera isuke oatmeal inopisa yakabatirira, bhinzi, muto, kana muto nekukurumidza kuitira kuti chikafu chakakora chirege kubika ganda.
  5. Bvisa hembe dzakatsva, zvishongo, wachi, nemanapukeni uri pasi pemvura inoyerera: Muto unofashaira uye muto wakakora wakavharirwa mukati mehembe yedonje kana bhurugwa zvinoramba zvichikonzera kutsva kwechidimbu chetatu kwemaminitsi mushure mekuputika. Cheka kana kudzura hembe dzakatota, bhurugwa, masokisi, mhete, uye mawachi ipapo pasi peshawa inotonhorera, kunze kwekunge jira ranyungudutswa uye rakanamira paganda rakasviba.
  6. Nyatsocherechedza kuzvimba kwenzira yemhepo kana utsi hwakafemerwa: Kana munhu wacho akanga akazendamira pamusoro pepoto apo chitsinga chaputika kumeso kwavo, tarisa inzwi rakashoshoma, kukosora, makukisi akasviba, ruzha rwekufema (stridor), kana kunetseka kumedza. Kufema chiutsi chinopisa zvakanyanya kunokonzera kukurumidza kuzvimba kwehuro kunogona kuvhara nzira yemhepo mukati memaminitsi makumi matatu kusvika makumi matanhatu; chengeta munhu akabatwa akagara akati twasu uye udza 911 paramedics nekukasira kuti mupfu unopisa wakafemerwa.

Kurumidza kuyerera kwechimbichimbi sarudzo: mudziyo vs kupisa kudzoreredza

Tevedza iyi dual-track emergency protocol zvichienderana nekuti iyo yekubikira yekubikira iri kutadza kushanda pakaunda here kana kuti yatoputika pamunhu.

flowchart TD
    Incident["Pressure Cooker / Instant Pot Emergency"] --> Scenario{"Ko Chivharo Chatoputika / Kupisa Mumwe Munhu, KANA Hari Yakaputirwa uye Yakamanikidzwa?"}
    Scenario -->|Scenario A: Person Scalded by Steam or Hot Food| Burn1["1. Bvisa munhu abatwa kure nekicheni uye Fonera 911/112/999 ipapo ipapo"]
    Burn1 --> Burn2["2. Isa munhu anenge abatwa mushower kana pasi pepombi ine COOL RUNNING TAP WATER (15°C kusvika 20°C) kwemaMinutes makumi maviri akazara."]
    Burn2 --> Burn3["3. Bvisa hembe dzine muto, mhete, newachi pakarepo pasi pemvura inoyerera"]
    Burn3 --> AirwayCheck{"Steam Yakarova Kumeso, Muromo, kana Mhuno?"}
    AirwayCheck -->|Yes: Inhalation Hazard| SitUp["Gara wakatwasuka, tarisa inzwi rakashoshoma kana kufema zvine ruzha, uye yambiro varapi vehutano kuti vagadzirire nzira yemhepo."]
    AirwayCheck -->|No Facial Steam| WrapClean["Mushure me 20 min kutonhodza, vhara kupisa zvisina tsarukano neakachena epurasitiki cling wrap (usambofa ice kana bota) uye chengeta munhu anenge abatwa achidziya."]
    Scenario -->|Scenario B: Pot Hissing Violently, Clogged, or Lid Stuck Shut| Pot1["1. Bvisa vana nemhuka dzinovaraidza mukicheni; USAbata chivharo, pini yekuyangarara, kana vharafu yemhepo"]
    Pot1 --> PotPower{"Electric Multi-Cooker kana Gasi/Electric Stovetop?"}
    PotPower -->|Electric Instant Pot / Multi-Cooker| CutBreaker["Flip Kitchen circuit breaker to OFF pane main magetsi panel (usasvike pamusoro pepoto)"]
    PotPower -->|Stovetop Pressure Cooker / Canner| CutStove["Bvisa knobhu yekupisa chitofu chete kana ichikwanisika kubva kudivi pakureba kweruoko uchishandisa chipunu chemuti chakareba; zvimwe buda mukamuri"]
    CutBreaker --> Wait60["2. Siya hari isina kubatwa zvachose kwemaminetsi makumi matanhatu kusvika makumi mapfumbamwe kusvika muviri wesimbi wekunze watonhora kusvika pakupisa kwekamuri usati wabata chivharo."]
    CutStove --> Wait60

Nei kumanikidza vabiki vachiputika: iyo thermodynamics yemvura inopisa

Kuti unzwisise kuti sei kumanikidza chivharo chekubikira chivharo chivhurwe nemamilimita maviri kuchikonzera kuputika, unofanira kunzwisisa zvinoitika kumvura inodarika zana madhigirii celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit).

  1. Kukwirira kwenzvimbo inofashaira pasi pekumanikidzwa: Muhari yakavhurika pamwero wegungwa, mvura yemvura haikwanise kupisa kudarika 100 madhigirii celsius (212 madhigirii Fahrenheit) nekuti chero kumwe kupisa kunoshandura mvura kuita chiutsi chinobuda mumba. Mukati memubiki wakavharirwa unoshanda pa15 psi (1.03 bar) ye geji pressure, mweya wabatwa nechitsinga zvinosunda pasi pamusoro pesobho, zvichiita kuti isafashaire kusvika mvura yasvika 121 degrees Celsius (250 degrees Fahrenheit).
  2. Kupisa kwakadzikama kwemhupo uye kuvira-kuvira: Nepo muto iwoyo wakagara chinyararire pa121 madhigirii celsius mukati mepoto yakavharwa, litre yega yega yemvura ine dura guru resimba rinopisa rakachengetwa riri pamusoro penzvimbo yayo yakajairika yekuvira. Iyo chaiyo microsecond chivharo chisimbiso chinovhurika uye mukati memhepo inodonha ichidzokera kune yakajairwa mhepo mhepo, mvura ** haigone kuvapo semvura pa121 degrees Celsius**.
  3. Kuputika kwe1,600-kusvika-1 chiutsi: Zvingangoita 4 kusvika 8 muzana yepoto yese yesopo inopenya ipapo ipapo ichipinda mumhute mukati nepakati pembiru yemvura, ichiwedzera 1,600 nguva muvhoriyamu isingasviki chikamu chimwe mugumi chesekondi. Furo remhute iro rinowedzera rinoita senge cannon propellant charge iri pasi pepoto, richiburitsa marita ese asara emuto unofashaira, bhinzi, uye nyama zvine chisimba zvichikwira kubva mupoto ichienda padenga uye pachifuva nechiso chemubiki.

Sei "zvakakora uye zvine furo" zvikafu zvichikonzera 90 muzana yekumanikidza cooker blowouts

Anenge ese emazuvano emagetsi uye estovetop pressure cooker ane zvikamu zvitatu zvekuchengetedza zvemuviri muchivharo: Primary Steam Release Valve (pombi yemhepo), Float Valve Pin (iyo inosimuka kuti ivhare chivharo ichivharirwa), uye emergency *Kupfuura-Kudzvanywa Plug / Silicone Window Gasket Relief. Zvikafu zvakakora, zvine sitachi, kana kupupa zvinokunda nzira dzekuchengetedza idzi panguva imwe chete:

High-Risk Food Category Chii Chinoitika Muhari Yakavharwa Safe Zadza Limit Rule (Mugadziri & USDA Maitiro)
Hupfu, porridge, grits, polenta, uye pearl barley Inowedzera uye inofashaidza ikaita furo gobvu, rakaita seglue rinokwira kumusoro kwechivharo, rinotakura zvakasimba mukati mepombi yakamanikana yemhepo, uye inonamira pini yesimbi inoyangarara munzvimbo "pasi" (yakavhurwa). ** Usambofa wakazadza yapfuura ⅓ kusvika ½ yakazara ** (kusanganisira mvura); shandisa ** Natural Release chete** (usambofaya vharafu yeKurumidza Kuburitsa pane oatmeal kana porridge).
Beans dzakaomeswa, mbambaira, pizi dzakapatsanurwa, nepezi Maprotein saponins ari muma legumes anokwapura kuita dense, furo furo furo layer inovhara anti-block shield uye inosimudza silicone pressure regulator. ** Usambofa wakazadza yapfuura ½ yakazara ** (mvura + bhinzi dzakasanganiswa); wedzera mamililita gumi nemashanu (chipunu 1) chemafuta emuriwo kuti ubvise tension bubbles, uye shandisa Natural Release.
**Apurosi, cranberries, rhubarb, uye tomato paste sauces ** Pectin nematehwe emichero anopfachuka nekupfira gobvu kukwira kumusoro, achivhara chubhu yemhepo achipisa pazasi pekudziisa. ** Usambofa wakazadza yapfuura ½ yakazara ** (uye vagadziri vazhinji vanorambidza zvakanyanya kumanikidza-kubika cranberries kana pearl bhari zvachose).
Mhodzi dzemombe dzakakora, macurries, pasta, nemabhonzo High-viscosity gravy inoteya superheated steam homwe pasi pepamusoro pemafuta neupfu; kunyange mushure mokunge pini yakayangarara ichidonha, kuvhiringidza kana kuzunungusa hari inokonzera kunonoka ** bump-boiling ** kuputika. ** Usambofa wakazadza kupfuura iyo ⅔ MAX mutsara **; kurunga hari zvinyoro nyoro nechipunu chine mubato wakareba pakureba kweruoko mushure mekuvhura usati wazembera chiso chako parimu.

Maitiro ekuvharisa zvakachengeteka chibikidzo chakajamirwa, chinopusha, kana chakakiyiwa

Kana uri kubika izvozvi uye woziva kuti chibikidziro chako chekudzvanya chiri kupfapfaidza chikafu chakakora kunze kwevharuvhu yepamusoro, uchiita ruzha rwekuridza muridzo, uchiratidza pini inoyangarara, kana kuramba kuvhura mushure mekupedza kubika, **mira wodzokera kumashure **.

Zvikanganiso zvishanu zvinouraya zvausingafanire kuita neyakaoma yekubikira cooker

  1. ** Usambomanikidzira kana kumonya chivharo chakasimba uchishandisa maoko maviri kana uremu hwemuviri **: Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) inoyeuka uye mhosva dzekukuvara dzinoratidza kuti pane mamwe magetsi akawanda-vabiki (nekuda kweakasakara ma tabo ekukiya, kushaikwa kwegaskets, kana kuvharika kwevhavha switch) uye chekare stovetop cookers, munhu mukuru akatsunga anogona kumonya zvine simba chivharo che10 chivharo chichiri mukati mevhavha. Iyo nguva iyo lugs inobvisa rimu, chivharo chinoputika kumeso kwako. Kana chivharo chichida kudarika kupfakanyika kweminwe miviri kutenderedza, MIRA nekukasika.
  2. USAFA wakavhomora banga, forogo, kana chopstick pasi paPloat Pin: Dzimwe nguva vashandisi vanofunga kuti hari yaora moyo uye vanoedza kusundira pini diki inoyangarara pasi nepini yebanga kuti vavhure chivharo. Kusaidzira pini yekuyangarara pasi uku kudzvanywa kuri mukati kunoburitsa mechanical lid lock apo hari ichiri bhomba mhenyu.
  3. USAGARA wanhonga chibikidzo chemagetsi chakamanikidzika kana chigaba chinopisa chestovetop kuti uende nacho kusingi: Mabikirwo echinyakare dzimwe nguva anotaura nezvekushandisa mvura yemupombi inotonhora pamusoro pechibikidzo chidiki chestovetop. Usafe wakanhonga chibiki chemubiki chine jamei kana kuti chine presha yakanyanyisa. Kufamba uchipfuura nepasi remukicheni wakabata mudziyo wakavharika pachipfuva chako kunovhiringa mvura inopisa mukati, uye kudira mvura inotonhora pane inorema aruminiyamu pressure canner inomonya chivharo uye kunogona kukonzera seal kuputika mumaoko ako.
  4. USAGARA wabvisa huremu hwekuburitsa chiutsi kana kudzvanya "Kurumidza Kuburitsa" kana furo gobvu rave kutopfapfaidza: Kana furo rebhinzi kana oatmeal richibuda muvharuvhu, kupuruzira vharuvhu kuvhurika kunoita kuti geza rive nechisimba paruoko nepameso.
  5. USAGARA wakazembera chiso chako pamusoro pepoto kuti utarise vharafu yekuyangarara: Gara wakamira padivi uye tarisa kubva pachinhambwe chemamita maviri (mamita matanhatu).

Nhanho-ne-nhanho zero-contact depressurization protocol (Iyo 60-Minute Kutonhorera-Pasi)

Nekuti kudzvanywa mukati memubiki wakavharwa kunogadzirwa zvachose nekupisa (kutevera mutemo weGay-Lussac gasi uye steam saturation curve), ** kutonhora poto kudzoka kusvika kukamuri tembiricha inovimbiswa nefizikisi kudonhedza kumanikidza kwemukati kusvika 0.0 psi, kunyangwe kana yega yega yega uye gomba remhepo pachivharo iri 100 muzana simende yakavharwa * yakaomeswa bhinzi * yakavharwa.

  1. Uraya chitubu chekupisa usina kuzembera poto:
  2. Yepoto yeChiriporipo kana yemagetsi multi-cooker: Usasvike pamusoro pevhavha inopfungaira kuti ubaye bhatani reKanzura kana kudhonza plug rekumashure. Famba kune imba yako yemagetsi breaker panhi uye flip iyo ** 20-amp Kitchen Countertop wedunhu breaker kuti OFF **.
  3. For a gas or electric stovetop pressure cooker: Stand as far back and to the side as possible. If you can safely reach the front stove knob using a long broom handle or wooden spoon without putting your arm or face near the pot, turn the burner knob to OFF. If hot food is actively spraying over the front stove knobs, leave the kitchen, turn off the gas supply valve or main stove 240V breaker at your electrical panel, and keep the kitchen door closed.
  4. Wait a full 60 to 90 minutes (hands off): Do not touch, nudge, or cover the pot with a towel (covering an electric cooker traps heat). Simply walk away and let the pot sit undisturbed for 60 minutes (or 90 to 120 minutes for a large 22-liter / 23-quart pressure canner).
  5. Ona kuti poto yekunze yesimbi inotonhorera kuseri kweruoko rwako: Mushure meawa, zvichenjerera bata pazasi pepoto yekunze netauro rebepa rakanyorova kana kuseri kwemunwe wako. Kana hari yesimbi yatonhorerwa pazasi 45 madhigirii celsius (113 madhigirii Fahrenheit) (inongodziya semvura yekugezesa), mweya wemvura wese wemukati unodzokera mumvura ine mvura, uye simba remukati raita zero.
  6. Protect your hands and test the steam valve with a long wooden spoon: Put on heavy oven mitts and stand at arm's length. Use the tip of a 30-centimeter (12-inch) wooden spoon to nudge the steam release valve open to confirm no hiss remains.
  7. What if the lid is STILL stuck shut when the pot is completely cold? (Vacuum Lock):
  8. Sometimes, if a clogged valve prevented air from re-entering the pot as the steam condensed, a negative vacuum seal pulls the lid tightly down onto the pot even though the pot is stone-cold.
  9. Once you have verified the pot has been off for at least 90 minutes and is completely cool to the touch, use a toothpick or thin skewer to clean any dried oatmeal crust out of the steam release valve pipe and gently press the float valve pin down so room air can hiss into the pot, breaking the vacuum seal so the lid turns effortlessly.

Immediate first aid for superheated steam and thick liquid scalds

Burns caused by a pressure cooker blowout are far more severe than ordinary kettle splashes for two clinical reasons: first, the liquid strikes the skin at 115 to 121 degrees Celsius (240 to 250 degrees Fahrenheit) (where water above 70 degrees Celsius destroys full-thickness human skin in under 0.5 seconds); and second, viscous foods like stew, oatmeal, refried beans, and curry stick to the skin and clothing like napalm, holding thermal energy against the dermis for minutes.

Comparison of scald burn depth and immediate action

Burn Depth Classification Clinical Appearance on Skin Immediate Field First Aid & Medical Urgency
Superficial (First-Degree) Bright red, dry skin with no blisters (similar to a sunburn); painful to the touch; blanches white when pressed. Cool under running tap water for 20 minutes; seek medical review if covering a large area or on an infant.
Superficial Partial-Thickness (Second-Degree) Moist, weeping pink/red skin with intact or ruptured fluid-filled blisters; intensely painful when air touches exposed nerve endings. Call 911 / 112 / 999 if larger than the victim's palm or on the face, neck, hands, feet, or genitals; cool with running tap water for 20 minutes; never pop blisters; wrap loosely in clean plastic cling film.
Deep Partial-Thickness to Full-Thickness (Third-Degree) Waxy white, mottled cherry-red, leathery gray, or charred peeling skin; may feel painless or numb in the center because cutaneous nerve endings have been cooked and destroyed. Life-threatening medical emergency: Call 911 / 112 / 999 immediately, flush under cool running tap water for 20 minutes to stop deep heat penetration, wrap loosely in clean cling film, and treat for hypovolemic burn shock.

Step-by-step 20-minute burn resuscitation protocol (Red Cross / Burn Association standard)

  1. Get under cool running tap water within seconds (The 20-Minute Rule):
  2. Carry or lead the victim immediately to the bathroom shower or kitchen sink (away from the stove) and run cool tap water (15 to 20 degrees Celsius / 59 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit) gently over every burned area for a full 20 minutes by the clock.
  3. Why 20 full minutes matters: Clinical burn research proves that 20 minutes of cool running water flushes away clinging hot food, pulls latent heat out of deep dermal layers so the burn stops progressing deeper into the tissue, neutralizes inflammatory histamine cytokines, and reduces the need for surgical skin grafting by over 40 percent.
  4. Remove soaked clothing, diapers, rings, and watches immediately under the water:
  5. While cool water is running over the victim, unbutton, pull off, or use scissors to cut away all soup-soaked shirts, bras, waistbands, pants, socks, and infant diapers.
  6. Slide off all finger rings, bracelets, watches, belts, and necklaces within the first two minutes, before massive burn fluid swelling (edema) locks rings onto fingers and cuts off blood circulation.
  7. Kunze: Kana zvipfeko zvekugadzira zvakatsva zvakanyunguduka kuita ganda rakatsva (kashoma mumoto wakanyorova, zvinogoneka pedyo nemoto wegasi), cheka-cheka chigamba chakanamira wosiya chigamba chakanamira kuvanachiremba vekuchipatara.
  8. Ita kuti muviri wese udziye (Dzora kutsva, kudziisa murwere):
  9. Kunyanya muvana nevakuru vakuru, kupfapfaidza mvura inotonhora panzvimbo yakakura yechipfuva nedumbu kunogona kukonzera njodzi ** hypothermia **. Chengeta mhepo yekugezera ichidziya, putira magumbeze akaoma pamakumbo kana mapendekete asina kupiswa, uye tungamira mvura inotonhorera inoyerera munzvimbo dzakatsva.

Zvausingafanire kuisa pahutsi kana chikafu chinopisa

  • ** Usamboisa mvura yechando kana yechando pakutsva **: Kutonhora kwakanyanya kunokonzera vasoconstriction yakanyanya (kuvharira kuyerera kweropa kune akakuvara dermal cells), kushandura kutsva kwesecond-degree kutsva kuve kwakafa, necrotic third-degree kutsva kunoda kubatanidzwa kweganda. Shandisa mvura yemupombi inotonhorera chete (15 kusvika 20°C / 59 kusvika 68°F).
  • USAGARA waisa bota, mafuta ekubikisa, mafuta enguruve, mayonesi, mushonga wemazino, zvichena zvezai, musitadhi, kana hupfu pakutsva: Ruta, mafuta, uye mapete omumba zvinoteya kupisa mukati meganda segumbeze rinodzivirira uye zvinopinza utachiona hwakadzika mumapundu akavhurika, zvichimanikidza vanamukoti vekutsva kuti vakweshe zvinorwadza girizi kubva paganda rakasviba.
  • USAGARA waisa shinda yedonje yakapfava, matishu, kana mabhandeji anonamira: Faibha dzedonje nenamira namo zvachose pakupisa serum.
  • USAFA akapwanya kana kubuda mablister ekutsva: Bhirisita rakasimba ibhandeji rebiological risingaiti rinovhara dermis mbishi.
  1. Fukidza zvisina kusimba nepurasitiki yemba yakachena yekuputira (Pepa yeSaran):
  2. Kana maminetsi makumi maviri akazara emvura inotonhorera apera, bata zvinyoro nyoro ganda rakapoteredza risina kupiswa uye woisa zvidimbu zve ** zvakachena, zvisina kushandiswa zvepurasitiki zvekunamatira zvekicheni (polyethylene film)** kureba neruoko rwakatsva, gumbo, kana chipfuva.
  3. **Usaputira firimu rekunamatira zvakasimba kumativi ose mudenderedzwa ** (senge tourniquet), nokuti nhengo inoputika nokukurumidza; isa mapepa epurasitiki akatsetseka pamusoro pekutsva kuitira kuti awedzere sezvo kuzvimba kunowedzera. Kuputira kwepurasitiki hakuna hutachiona kubva pamupumburu, kunovharira mweya kubva pakurova tsinga dzakasvibirira (izvo zvinokurumidza kubvisa kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kwekupisa), inochengeta hunyoro mukati, uye inoita kuti vanachiremba vemukamuri rekukurumidzira vaone kutsva mukati mefirimu rakajeka pasina kusvuura jira rakanamira. (Usamboisa kuputira kwepurasitiki kumeso; shandisa jira rakachena, rinotonhorera rakanyorova pakutsva kumeso.)

Kuziva kukuvara kwekufema kunotyisa kubva kumhepo inopisa

Mhepo yakaoma inopisa ine simba shoma rekupisa, saka kufema mweya wakaoma hakuwanzopisa mapapu ezasi. Svutugadzi rinopisa zvikuru rinopisa zvakapetwa ka4 000 pane mhepo yakaoma. Kana chibikidzo chikavhuvhuta kumeso kwemubiki paanenge achifema, chiutsi chinotakura kupisa kwakanyanyisa kuchidzika mumukanwa, pharynx, larynx (voice box), uye trachea.

  • Zviratidzo zveyambiro yenzira yemhepo ine mureza mutsvuku: Miromo nerurimi rine matuzu kana kuzvimba, inzwi rakashoshoma kana kuti rakashata, kukosora kwebrassy, ​​kumedzera mate kana kusakwanisa kumedza mate, kana kuridza muridzo pamusoro paunenge uchifema (stridor).
  • Emergency action: Matishu emumugwagwa wepamusoro anozvimba nekukurumidza pamusoro pemaminetsi makumi matatu kusvika makumi mapfumbamwe mushure mekuputika kwechitsinga, chinogona kuvhara zvachose mhepo kuvharika isati yasvika kuchipatara. ** Danai 911 / 112/999 nekukasika **, chengeta munhu akagara ** bhaudhi akati twasu ** (kurara pasi kunowedzera kuzvimba kwehuro), usape chero chekudya kana kunwa, uye udza mushambadzi kuti murwere akafemera mutsinga wakatsikirirwa saka imwe yepamusoro paramedic unit inokwanisa yekutanga airway intubation inotumirwa.

Kuchengetedza humbowo mushure mekuputika kwemubiki yakawanda

Mumakore gumi apfuura, mamirioni emagetsi evabiki emagetsi akawanda uye stovetop pressure cooker akayeukwa ne US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), Health Canada, UK Office yeChigadzirwa Chekuchengetedza uye Mitemo (OPSS), uye Makwikwi eAustralia uye Consumer Commission (ACCC) nekuti kuvharira poto kusingabvumirwe kudzvanya kwaibvumidzwa. kukiyiwa zvakazara, kana kubvumira chivharo kuti chivhurike chichiri pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakazara.

Maitiro ekuchengetedza akatadza kudzvanya cooker mushure mekukuvara

Kana munhu wese akuvara ari muamburenzi uye kicheni yakachengeteka uye inotonhorera:

  1. ** USAgeza poto, chivharo, silicone gasket, kana vharuvhu inoyangarara **: Siya zvakaomeswa chikafu mukati mevharuvhu yeutsi uye mabheti ekukiya chivharo sezvazvaive panguva yekuputika, kana kutora mamirimita ese echivharo, gasket, pini yekukiya, uye chigadziko chine macro mafoto akajeka asati achenesa.
  2. Bvisa uye bhokisi mudziyo uripo: Usambofa wakakanda chibikidzo chakaputika mumarara uye **usambotumira cooker kumugadziri ** uchichinjana nemadhora makumi mashanu kopani kana yekutsiva kana mumwe munhu akatsva zvakanyanya muchipatara.
  3. ** Tora foto nhamba yemodhi, nhamba yeserial, uye kodhi yemazuva**: Tora foto simbi yeUL/ETL certification label yakadhindwa pazasi kana padivi pembiru yekubikira, uye tarisa cpsc.gov/Recalls (US) kana yako yenyika chigadzirwa rangarira registry.

Rondedzero yekuchengetedza yekudzivirira isati yasvika yega yega yekumanikidza-kubika

Kuita 30-yechipiri mechanical inspection usati wakiya chivharo kunodzivirira 99 muzana yekuputira mukicheni:

  • Bata chivharo uchiona chiedza chakajeka uye utarise nepapombi inopinza mhepo: Pazvibikirwo zvechitofu nemagaba, bata chivharo kusvika pahwindo kana kuti chiedza chemukicheni uye tarisa zvakananga nepapombi yepakati peinopinza mhepo kuti uone kuti haina chikafu chakaomeswa ne100 muzana kana matendere enyimbu/zvipembenene.
  • Bvisa uye ugeze mukati Anti-Block Shield: Pamagetsi akawanda-vabiki (seInstant Pot), bvisa kavha yesimbi yakatenderedzwa nechepasi pechivharo mushure mekudya kwega kwega kunosanganisira bhinzi, mupunga, kana nyama kuti ugeze firimu resitachi rakavanzika.
  • Dzvanya Pini yeFloat Valve kumusoro uye pasi nemunwe wako: Ona kuti pini diki yesimbi inofamba zvakasununguka ichikwira nekudzika isina kunamira uye kuti kavharo kayo kesilicone kari pasi pevhavha yakagara paburiro.
  • **Ongorora uye tsiva iyo huru Silicone Chisimbiso Mhete yega yega gumi nemaviri kusvika kumwedzi gumi nemisere **: Tarisa hombe inotenderera silicone gasket kune makatsemuka, kutatamuka, kana brittleness. Gasket rakatambanudzwa rinogona kuvhuvhuta kunze kwedivi rechivharo rimu pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakazara, ichipfapfaidza mvura inofashaira yakachinjika pacounter. Usambofa washandisa wechitatu-bato off-brand kutsiva gaskets, seyakanyanya kuomarara gasket inokunda chivharo chekukurumidzira pamusoro-kudzvanywa kuchengetedza kucheka.
  • ** Remekedza iyo ½ uye ⅔ MAX mitsara yekuzadza yakamisikidzwa mukati mepoto yemukati **: Usambofa wakazadza chero yekudzvanya cooker yapfuura ** ⅔ yakazara ** yezvinwiwa nenyama, uye usambozadza yapfuura ** ½ yakazara ** (kana ** ⅓ yakazara ** yeoatmeal / bhari) yezvikafu zvinowedzera kana furo.
  • ** Usambofa wakadzvanya neoiri mukati mehari yemagetsi Instant Pot kana yekugara yakajairwa yekubikira **: Mabiki ekugara anodzvanywa anogadzirwa zvine hutsi hwemvura pa115 kusvika 121 degrees Celsius (240 kusvika 250 degrees Fahrenheit). Kupisa mafuta ekubikisa pasi pekumanikidzwa kunosvika 180+ madhigirii Celsius (356+ madhigirii Fahrenheit), iyo inonyungudusa mhete yekuisa chisimbiso chesilicone, inoparadza ma sensors ekumanikidza, uye inokonzeresa bhomba remoto remafuta anoputika kana gasket rakundikana. (Commercial restaurant huku pressure-fryers inoshandisa specialized high-temperature metal uye fluoroelastomer seals.)

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa

My Instant Pot or pressure cooker float pin dropped down, so why won't the lid turn open?

Never force a lid that resists turning, even if the little metal float pin has dropped down. When cooking starchy, frothy, or sticky foods like oatmeal, beans, bone broth, or pasta, thick starch foam often glues the float pin in the down position or clogs the vent while dangerous steam pressure is still trapped inside the pot, or creates a negative vacuum lock. Unplug the cooker (or turn off the kitchen breaker), walk away for 60 full minutes until the metal pot is completely cool to the touch, and only then use a long wooden spoon to nudge the vent and float pin before opening.

Is it safe to carry a stuck or over-pressurized pressure cooker to the kitchen sink to run cold water over it?

No, never pick up or carry a jammed, hissing, or stuck pressure cooker, and never run cold tap water over an electric multi-cooker or a heavy pressure canner. Carrying a pressurized pot sloshes the superheated 121 degree Celsius (250 degree Fahrenheit) liquid inside, which can trigger instant flash-boiling (bump-boiling) and blow the lid off right against your chest and face, while cold water can warp heavy aluminum canner lids. Always turn off the heat or breaker and let the pot cool down right where it sits for 60 to 90 minutes.

What is the very first thing I should do if someone gets burned by exploding soup or steam from a pressure cooker?

Immediately get the person away from the stove, call 911 / 112 / 999, and put the burned skin under gently running cool tap water (15 to 20 degrees Celsius / 59 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit) in the shower or sink for a full 20 minutes. While the cool water is running, wash off all clinging hot food and immediately cut or strip away soup-soaked clothing, socks, watches, and rings before the skin swells, then loosely lay clean kitchen plastic cling wrap over the cooled burn while waiting for paramedics.

Why should you never put ice, butter, or cooking oil on a severe steam or hot-liquid scald?

Putting ice or ice-cold water on a fresh burn constricts the tiny blood vessels in the skin, cutting off oxygen to injured cells and turning a partial-thickness burn into a deep third-degree burn. Putting butter, oil, mayonnaise, or toothpaste on a burn traps heat inside the skin so it keeps cooking deeper tissue and introduces bacteria into open blisters; use only 20 minutes of cool running tap water followed by clean plastic cling wrap or a sterile non-stick dressing.

Why can a pressure cooker explode AFTER the lid is already open when I stir the soup?

Thick liquids like bean soup, split pea soup, beef stew, and tomato sauce can remain superheated above 100 degrees Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit) in the lower half of the pot even after the steam pressure is released and the lid is removed, because the thick viscosity prevents steam bubbles from rising. When you plunge a spoon into the quiet-looking soup or pick up the inner pot, the sudden agitation triggers nucleated flash-boiling ("bump-boiling"), causing the soup to erupt out of the open pot like a volcano; always stand back at arm's length and stir gently with a long-handled spoon before leaning over an open pot.

Can I use my Instant Pot or home pressure cooker to pressure-fry chicken in hot oil?

No, never use a home stovetop pressure cooker or an electric multi-cooker (like an Instant Pot) to pressure-fry food in oil. Home pressure cookers are designed exclusively for water-based liquids that regulate temperature around 115 to 121 degrees Celsius (240 to 250 degrees Fahrenheit); filling the pot with cooking oil heats past 180 degrees Celsius (356 degrees Fahrenheit), which melts the silicone lid gasket and causes an explosive boiling-oil kitchen fire.

Tora kosi

Maoko-parubatsiro rwekutanga kudzidziswa neRed Cross, St John Ambulance, kana dunhu rekukurumidzira masevhisi anodzidzisa hunyanzvi hwekuchengetedza hupenyu hwekudzora kupisa kwekupisa, njodzi yemhepo, uye kuvhunduka nehunyanzvi, ruzivo rwunotungamirwa.

Kwatariswa

  • Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC, United States): Chenjedzo dzekuchengetedza, rangarira ongororo yeinjiniya, uye UL 136 / UL 1026 miyero yemidziyo yemba yestovetop pressure cooker uye electric pressure multi-cooker.
  • National Center for Home Food Preservation and Department of Agriculture (USDA, United States): * Complete Guide to Home Canning (Agriculture Information Bulletin No. 539)*, maprotocols for weighted-gauge and dial-gauge pressure canners, headspace rules, uye zvinosungirwa natural depressurization kutonhora maitiro.
  • American Burn Association (ABA, United States) neBritish Burn Association (BBA, United Kingdom): Clinical practice guidelines on immediate 20-minute inotonhorera mvura yemupombi (15°C kusvika 20°C) rubatsiro rwekutanga rwekupisa kupisa, polyvinyl chloride cling-film dressing application, uye kumusoro kwe airway inhalation inhalation trip.
  • International Federation of Red Cross uye Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), American Red Cross, uye St John Ambulance (United Kingdom / Australia): Humbowo-hwakavakirwa rubatsiro rwekutanga maprotocol ekupisa kwakanyanya, kubviswa kwembatya pasi pemvura inoyerera, uye hypovolemic shock management.
  • Health Canada (Canada) neAustralian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC, Australia): Consumer product ndangariro rangariro nenjodzi yambiro maererano nemagetsi pressure pressure cooker Lid-locking failure and bump-boiling kuputika.

Mazano anoenderana