Mai girki mai matsi da busa murfin tukunyar kai tsaye da zafin tururi mai tsanani¶

Masu dafa abinci na matattarar wutar lantarki, masu dafa abinci da yawa na lantarki (kamar Instant Pot, Ninja Foodi, da Breville Fast Slow Pro), da ma'aunin ma'auni mai nauyi na gida suna aiki azaman tasoshin matsa lamba na thermodynamic. Ta hanyar tarko tururin ruwa a cikin ɗakin da ba ya da iska a ma'aunin ma'auni na 0.7 zuwa 1.0 mashaya (fam 10 zuwa 15 a kowace murabba'in inci sama da matsa lamba na yanayi), waɗannan na'urori suna ɗaga wurin tafasar ruwa daga 100 digiri Celsius (212 digiri Fahrenheit) zuwa ** 115 zuwa 200 Fahrenheit * 2 digiri Celsius.

Lokacin da injin dafa abinci ya yi rauni, ya cika da abinci mai kumfa, yana da bawul ɗin sakin tururi ya toshe da tarkacen abinci, ko kuma murfinsa ya murɗe da wuri kafin matsi na ciki ya ragu zuwa sifili, kimiyyar lissafi tana fashewa. Ruwan da ya fi zafi a ciki yana fallasa ba zato ba tsammani ga yanayin yanayin ɗaki kuma ** yana walƙiya nan take cikin tururi, yana faɗaɗa sau 1,600 cikin ƙara a cikin daƙiƙa guda. Wannan tashin hankali-canjin canjin yanayi, wanda aka sani a kimiyyar lissafi a matsayin Tafiyar Ruwa mai Fasa Fashewa (BLEVE), yana fashewa da murfin karfe zuwa rufin kuma yana aiwatar da geyser na 120 digiri Celsius (248 digiri Fahrenheit) porridge mai danko, miyan wake, ko stew naman sa a duk wanda ke tsaye a cikin kicin.

Sanin yadda ake kashe tukunyar tukunyar mai totsawa ko cushe ba tare da tafiya har zuwa tukunyar ba, me yasa dole kada ku taɓa tilasta murfi marar son buɗewa ko ɗaukar tukunyar da aka matsa zuwa ga nutsewa, da kuma yadda ake ba da ruwan sanyi na mintuna 20 na gaggawa don abinci mai kauri da ƙonewar tururi yana hana lalacewar rayuwa mai canza rayuwa.

Yi wannan yanzu¶

1. Ki fita daga kicin ki yanke wuta ko zafi daga nesa mai nisa idan tukunya tana huci da karfi ko ta kumbura: Idan tukunyar tukunyar tana busar firgita tare da toshe bawul, ko fesa abinci daga gemu, ko girgiza da karfi a kan murhu, ** kada ku hau tukunyar kuma kada ku taba bawul din tururi**. Share kowa da kowa (musamman yara da dabbobi) daga kicin, kuma idan na'urar matsa lamba ce ta lantarki, ** jujjuya na'urar da'ira ta Kitchen zuwa KASHE a rukunin wutar lantarki na gidanku** (ko cire igiyar bango kawai idan ana iya isa ba tare da jingina kan tukunyar ba).
2. Kada ka danne murfin murfi a bude kuma kada a dauka ko daukar tukunyar da aka matse: Idan murfin murfin ya hana a juyo ko da kadan, ana matse tukunyar a ciki (ko da fil din ya fadi kamar ya fadi saboda sitaci mai danko ya manna shi). **Kada a tilasta murfin, kada a cire fil ɗin da ke kan ruwa da wuka, kuma kada a ɗauki tukunyar zafi mai zafi a cikin tanki don watsa ruwan sanyi.
3. Kira lambar gaggawar gaggawar gaggawa idan wani ya kone ta hanyar busawa: Idan tukunyar matsi ta fashe kan mutum, kira lambar gaggawa ta gida (911 a Amurka da Kanada, 112 a cikin Tarayyar Turai, 999 a Burtaniya, ko 000 a Australia) ko duba mu lambobin gaggawa directory. Duk wani kuna a fuska, idanu, wuya, ƙirji, hannaye, ƙafafu, ko makwancin gwaiwa, ko duk wani ƙonawa fiye da tafin hannun wanda abin ya shafa, yana buƙatar kulawar cibiyar ƙonawar asibiti nan take.
4. ** Matsar da wanda ya ƙone a ƙarƙashin ruwan famfo mai sanyi na tsawon mintuna 20 nan da nan**: Matsa kai tsaye cikin shawa ko riƙe wurin da ya kone a ƙarƙashin famfon ɗin da ke gudana a hankali ** ruwan famfo mai sanyi (15 zuwa 20 digiri Celsius / 59 zuwa 68 digiri Fahrenheit)** na ** 20 ci gaba da mintuna**. Bari ruwan gudu ya wanke mai zafi mai zafi, wake, miya, ko miya nan da nan don haka abincin mai kauri ya daina dafa fata.
5. Cire ƙona tufafi, kayan ado, agogo, da diapers yayin da suke ƙarƙashin ruwan gudu: Tafasa broth da miya mai kauri da aka makale a cikin rigar auduga ko wando na ci gaba da haifar da konewar digiri na uku na mintuna kaɗan bayan fashewar. Yanke ko cire rigar rigar, wando, safa, zobe, da kallo nan da nan a ƙarƙashin ruwan shawa mai sanyi, sai dai idan masana'anta ta narke kuma ta makale kai tsaye zuwa ga ɗanyen fata mai tabo.
6. Ku kula sosai don kumburin hanyar iska idan tururi ya hura: Idan wanda abin ya shafa yana jingine bisa tukunyar lokacin da tururi ya fashe a fuskarsu, a kula da murya mai tsauri, tari, dusar ƙanƙara, sautin numfashi (stridor), ko wahalar haɗiye. Shakar tururi mai zafi yana haifar da saurin kumburin makogwaro wanda zai iya rufe hanyar iska a cikin mintuna 30 zuwa 60; ajiye wanda aka azabtar ya zauna a tsaye kuma ku gaya wa ma'aikatan jinya 911 nan da nan cewa tururi mai zafi ya sha.

Gudun yanke shawarar gaggawa na gaggawa: ƙulla vs ƙona farfaɗo¶

Bi wannan ƙa'idar gaggawa ta hanya biyu dangane da ko injin dafa abinci a halin yanzu yana aiki mara kyau a kan mashin ɗin ko kuma ya riga ya fashe akan mutum.

flowchart TD
    Incident["Mai dafa Matsi / Gaggawar Gaggawa"] --> Scenario{"Shin Murfin Ya riga Ya Huce/Kona Wani, KO An Matse Tushen?"}
    Scenario -->|Scenario A: Person Scalded by Steam or Hot Food| Burn1["1. Matsar da wanda aka azabtar daga kicin kuma Kira 911/112/999 Nan take"]
    Burn1 --> Burn2["2. Sanya wanda aka azabtar a cikin shawa ko ƙarƙashin famfo tare da RUWAN FASAHA SANYI (15°C zuwa 20°C) na tsawon mintuna 20 cikakke."]
    Burn2 --> Burn3["3. Cire tufafin da aka jika da miya, zobe, da kallo nan da nan a ƙarƙashin ruwan gudu"]
    Burn3 --> AirwayCheck{"Shin Steam Ya Buga Fuska, Baki, ko Hanci?"}
    AirwayCheck -->|Yes: Inhalation Hazard| SitUp["Zauna wanda abin ya shafa a tsaye, kalli sautin murya ko hayaniya, da faɗakar da ma'aikatan lafiya don shirye-shiryen shigar da iska."]
    AirwayCheck -->|No Facial Steam| WrapClean["Bayan minti 20 a sanyaya, murfin ya ƙone sosai tare da filasta mai tsabta mai tsabta (kada a taɓa kankara ko man shanu) da kuma dumi wanda abin ya shafa."]
    Scenario -->|Scenario B: Pot Hissing Violently, Clogged, or Lid Stuck Shut| Pot1["1. Fitar da yara da dabbobi daga kicin; KAR KA taɓa murfi, fil mai iyo, ko bawul ɗin tururi"]
    Pot1 --> PotPower{"Mai dafa abinci da yawa na Wutar Lantarki ko Gas/Tsaron Wutar Lantarki?"}
    PotPower -->|Electric Instant Pot / Multi-Cooker| CutBreaker["Juya na'urar da'ira ta Kitchen zuwa KASHE a babban panel na lantarki (kada ku kai kan tukunya)"]
    PotPower -->|Stovetop Pressure Cooker / Canner| CutStove["Kashe kullin murhun murhu kawai idan ana iya kaiwa daga gefe a tsayin hannu ta amfani da dogon cokali na katako; in ba haka ba a kwashe daki"]
    CutBreaker --> Wait60["2. A bar tukunyar gaba daya ba a taba ba na tsawon mintuna 60 zuwa 90 har sai jikin karfe na waje ya yi sanyi zuwa dakin da zafin jiki kafin a taba murfi."]
    CutStove --> Wait60

Me yasa masu girki matsa lamba suka fashe: thermodynamics na ruwa mai zafi¶

Don fahimtar dalilin da yasa tilasta murfin tukunyar tukunyar ya buɗe da ko da milimita 2 yana haifar da fashewa, dole ne ku fahimci abin da ke faruwa da ruwa sama da digiri 100 Celsius (digiri 212 Fahrenheit).

1. ** Hawan tafasa a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba : A cikin buɗaɗɗen tukunya a matakin teku, ruwan ruwa ba zai iya yin zafi sama da ** digiri Celsius 100 (digiri 212 Fahrenheit) saboda duk wani ƙarin zafi yana juya ruwan ya zama tururi wanda ke tserewa cikin ɗakin. A cikin tukunyar tukunyar da aka rufe da ke aiki a ** 15 psi (bar 1.03)* na ma'aunin ma'auni, iska da tururi suna matsawa saman miya, suna hana shi tafasa har sai ruwan ya kai *121 digiri Celsius (digiri 250 Fahrenheit)**.
2. Zafin da ba a iya gani ba da kuma tafasawa: Yayin da wannan miya ke zaune cikin nutsuwa a ma'aunin ma'aunin celcius 121 a cikin tukunyar da aka rufe, kowace lita na ruwa tana ɗauke da babban tafki na makamashin zafi da aka adana sama da wurin tafasarsa na yau da kullun. Madaidaicin microsecond murfin murfin murfin yana buɗewa kuma matsa lamba na ciki yana faɗuwa zuwa yanayin iska na ɗaki na yau da kullun, ruwa ** ba zai iya kasancewa a zahiri azaman ruwa a digiri 121 Celsius**.
3. ** Fashewar tururi 1,600-to-1**: Kusan kashi 4 zuwa 8 na dukkan tukunyar miya nan take tana walƙiya cikin tururi a cikin ƙasa da tsakiyar ginshiƙin ruwa, yana faɗaɗa ** sau 1,600 a ƙara** cikin ƙasa da kashi ɗaya cikin goma na daƙiƙa guda. Wannan kumfa mai faɗaɗawa yana aiki kamar cajin igwa a ƙasan tukunyar, yana ƙaddamar da sauran lita na tafasasshen miya, wake, da nama da ƙarfi sama daga cikin tukunyar zuwa saman rufi da kirjin mai dafa abinci da fuskarsa.

Me yasa abinci "kauri da kumfa" ke haifar da kashi 90 na busa mai dafa abinci¶

Kusan duk masu dafa wutar lantarki na zamani da masu dafa abinci na murfi suna da sassan aminci na zahiri guda uku a cikin murfi: ** Valve Release Valve na Farko ** (bututun iska), ** Float Valve Pin ** (wanda ke tashi don kulle murfin da injina yayin da ake matsawa), da gaggawa ** Over-Matsi Plug / Silicone Gasket Relief Window ***. Kauri, sitaci, ko abinci mai kumfa suna cin nasara akan waɗannan hanyoyin aminci lokaci guda:

Yadda ake amintaccen rufe injin dafa abinci mai matsewa, totsawa, ko kulle-kulle¶

Idan kana dafa abinci a yanzu kuma ka gane tukunyar matsin lamba ko dai yana fesa abinci mai kauri daga saman bawul, yana yin surutu mai tsauri, yana nuna maƙarƙashiya mai ruwa, ko ƙi buɗewa bayan an gama dafa abinci, ** tsaya ka koma baya**.

Mataki-mataki-mataki sifili-lamba na ƙa'idar rage damuwa (Cool-Down na Minti 60)¶

Saboda matsa lamba a cikin injin da aka kulle an halicce shi gaba ɗaya ta hanyar zafi (bibiyar dokar gas na Gay-Lussac da madaidaicin tururi), ** sanyaya tukunyar zuwa yanayin zafin jiki yana ba da garantin kimiyyar lissafi don sauke matsa lamba na ciki zuwa 0.0 psi, koda kowane bawul da rami ɗaya akan murfi yana da kashi 100 cikin 100 an rufe shi da busassun wake **.

1. Kashe tushen zafi ba tare da jingina kan tukunyar ba:
2. **Don tukunyar gaggawa ko mai dafa abinci da yawa na lantarki *: Kar a kai kan murfi mai tururi don buga maɓallin Cancel ko ja filogi na baya. Tafiya zuwa sashin wutar lantarki na gidan ku kuma juya ** 20-amp Kitchen Countertop circuit breaker zuwa KASHE.
3. **Don tukunyar tukunyar iskar gas ko wutar lantarki ***: Tsaya a baya da gefe gwargwadon iko. Idan za ku iya isa kullin murhu na gaba lafiya ta hanyar amfani da dogon tsintsiya ko cokali na katako ba tare da sanya hannu ko fuska kusa da tukunyar ba, kunna kullin wuta zuwa ** KASHE ***. Idan abinci mai zafi yana fesa ƙulli na murhu na gaba, barin kicin, kashe bawul ɗin samar da iskar gas ko babban murhu 240V a ɓangaren wutar lantarki, kuma rufe ƙofar kicin.
4. ** Jira cikakken minti 60 zuwa 90 (hannu a kashe)**: Kar a taɓa, ƙwanƙwasa, ko rufe tukunyar da tawul (rufe injin dafa abinci na lantarki yana ɗaukar zafi). Yi tafiya kawai kuma bar tukunyar ta zauna ba tare da damuwa ba na minti 60 ** (ko ** 90 zuwa 120 minutes ** don babban 22-lita / 23-quart matsa lamba).
5. ** Tabbatar cewa tukunyar ƙarfe ta waje ta yi sanyi zuwa bayan hannunka *: Bayan awa ɗaya, a hankali ka taɓa gefen ƙasan tukunyar ta waje tare da tawul ɗin takarda mai ɗanɗano ko bayan yatsa. Da zarar tukunyar ƙarfe ta yi sanyi ƙasa ** 45 digiri Celsius (digiri 113 Fahrenheit) (dumi kawai kamar ruwan wanka), duk tururin ruwa na ciki ya koma cikin ruwa mai ruwa, kuma matsa lamba na ciki ba shi da sifili.
6. ** Kare hannayenka kuma gwada bawul ɗin tururi tare da dogon cokali na katako ***: Saka mitts tanda mai nauyi kuma tsaya a tsayin hannu. Yi amfani da titin cokali na katako mai tsawon santimita 30 (inci 12) don ƙulla bawul ɗin sakin tururi a buɗe don tabbatar da cewa babu wani abu da ya rage.
7. Idan har murfin ya makale a lokacin da tukunyar tayi sanyi fa? (Kulle Vacuum):
8. Wani lokaci, idan bawul ɗin da ya toshe ya hana iska ta sake shiga cikin tukunyar yayin da tururi ya takure, tabbataccen vacuum seal yana jan murfi sosai a kan tukunyar duk da cewa tukunyar tana da sanyi.
9. Da zarar kun tabbatar da cewa tukunyar tana kashe ** aƙalla mintuna 90 kuma ta yi sanyi sosai don taɓawa **, yi amfani da ɗan goge baki ko siraɗin skewer don tsaftace duk wani busasshen ɓawon burodi daga cikin bututun sakin tururi sannan a hankali danna maɓallin bawul ɗin ruwa a ƙasa don iska iska zata iya hura * cikin * tukunyar, karya hatimin injin don haka murfin ya juya ba tare da wahala ba.

Taimakon farko na gaggawa ga tururi mai zafi da ƙura mai kauri¶

Konewar da bututun dafa abinci ya haifar ya fi tsanani fiye da faɗuwar kettle na yau da kullun don dalilai na asibiti guda biyu: na farko, ruwan ya bugi fata a ** 115 zuwa 121 digiri Celsius (Fahrenheit 240 zuwa 250 Fahrenheit)** (inda ruwa sama da digiri 70 na ma'aunin celcius yana lalata fata mai kauri a cikin ** ƙarƙashin 0.5 seconds ***); na biyu, abinci mai danko kamar stew, oatmeal, soyayyen wake, da curry suna mannewa fata da tufafi kamar napalm, suna rike da karfin zafin jiki na tsawon mintuna.

Kwatanta zurfin ƙonawa da aikin gaggawa¶

Mataki-mataki-mataki 20-minti 20 na ƙonawar farfaɗowa (Ƙungiyar Red Cross / Burn Association)¶

1. Samu ƙarƙashin ruwan famfo mai sanyi a cikin daƙiƙa (Dokar Minti 20):
2. Ɗauka ko kai wanda aka azabtar nan da nan zuwa gidan wanka ko kwandon dafa abinci (daga wurin murhu) kuma gudu ** ruwan famfo mai sanyi (15 zuwa 20 digiri Celsius / 59 zuwa 68 digiri Fahrenheit)** a hankali a kan kowane yanki da ya kone don ** cikakken minti 20 da agogo.
3. ** Me yasa cikakkun mintuna 20 ke da al'amura ***: Binciken ƙonawa na asibiti ya tabbatar da cewa mintuna 20 na ruwan sanyi mai sanyi yana watsar da abinci mai zafi, yana fitar da zafi mai zurfi daga zurfin dermal Layer don haka ƙonewar ta daina ci gaba da zurfi cikin nama, yana kawar da cytokines na histamine mai kumburi, kuma yana rage buƙatar grafting fata sama da kashi 40.
4. Cire jikakken tufafi, diapers, zobe, da agogon kallo nan da nan a ƙarƙashin ruwa:
5. Yayin da ruwa mai sanyi ke gudana a kan wanda abin ya shafa, cire maballin, cirewa, ko amfani da almakashi don yanke duk rigar da aka jika da miya, rigar rigar rigar rigar rigar rigar hannu, wando, safa, da diaper na jarirai.
6. Zamewa duka ** zoben yatsa, mundaye, agogon hannu, bel, da sarƙaƙƙiya** a cikin mintuna biyun farko, kafin babban kumburin ƙonawa (edema) ya kulle zobe a kan yatsunsu kuma ya yanke zagayawa na jini.
7. Bambanta: Idan tufafin roba da suka kone sun narke a jiki zuwa ga bushewar fata (wanda ba kasafai a cikin rigar wuta ba, mai yiwuwa a kusa da harshen wuta), a yanka a kusa da abin da ya makale sannan a bar abin da aka makale don likitocin asibiti.
8. Ajiye sauran jikin da dumi-dumi (Sannan a sanyaya zafin, dumama mara lafiya):
9. Musamman a yara da manya, fesa ruwan sanyi a kan wani yanki mai yawa na kirji da ciki na iya haifar da hadari hypothermia. Sanya gidan wanka ya dumi, kunsa busassun barguna kewaye da ƙafafu ko kafaɗun wanda abin ya shafa ba su kone ba, sannan a kai ruwa mai sanyi sosai zuwa wuraren da suka kone.

1. ** Rufe sako-sako tare da tsaftataccen filastik filastik na gida (Saran kunsa)**:
2. Da zarar an gama cikar mintuna 20 na ruwan sanyi mai sanyi, a shafa a hankali a bushe fatar da ba ta kone ba sannan a shimfiɗa ɗigon ** tsabta, abin da ba a yi amfani da shi ba (fim ɗin polyethylene)* tare da tsayin hannu, ƙafa, ko ƙirji.
3. Kada a nannade fim ɗin cin abinci sosai a kusa da wata gaɓa a cikin da'irar (kamar yawon shakatawa), saboda gaɓar na iya kumbura da sauri; kwanta filayen robobi akan ƙonawa domin su iya faɗaɗa yayin da kumburin ya ƙaru. Rubutun roba ba bakararre ne kai tsaye a kan nadi, yana toshe iska daga bugun jijiyoyi masu rauni (wanda nan da nan yana sauƙaƙa matsanancin ƙonawa), yana sanya danshi a ciki, kuma yana barin likitocin dakin gaggawa su ga konewar kai tsaye cikin fim ɗin ba tare da cire wani suturar da ya makale ba. (Kada a sanya filastik filastik a fuska; yi amfani da rigar mai tsabta, mai sanyi a kan kunar fuska.)

Gane rauni na numfashi mai hatsarin gaske daga tururi mai zafi¶

Busasshen iska mai zafi yana da ƙarancin zafi, don haka shakar busasshiyar iskar ba ta cika ƙone ƙananan huhu ba. Tura mai zafi ya ninka sau 4,000 fiye da busasshiyar iska. Lokacin da tukunyar tukunyar ta busa a fuskar mai dafa abinci yayin da suke shan numfashi, tururi yana ɗaukar zafi mai yawa zuwa cikin baki, pharynx, larynx (akwatin murya), da kuma trachea.

• ** Alamomin faɗakarwa na jan tuta ta iska**: Kumbura ko kumbura lebe da harshe, murya mai kauri ko raɗaɗi, tari mai tauri, faɗowa ko rashin iya hadiye miyau, ko ƙarar ƙarar busa lokacin numfashi (stridor).
• Aikin gaggawa: Nassoshin hanyoyin iska na sama suna kumbura da sauri sama da mintuna 30 zuwa 90 bayan fashewar tururi, wanda zai iya rufe bututun iska gaba daya kafin isa asibiti. Kira 911/112/999 nan da nan, a ajiye mutumin a zaune ** a mike tsaye** (kwance kwance yana kara kumburin makogwaro), ba abinci ko abin sha, sannan ka fada wa mai aikowa cewa mara lafiyar ya shakar da tururi mai karfin gaske don haka an aika da na'urar lafiya ta gaggawa mai iya fara shigar da iska.

Ajiye shaida bayan fashewar mai dafa abinci da yawa¶

A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, miliyoyin masu dafa abinci na lantarki da masu dafa abinci na murhu an tuno da su ta Hukumar Tsaron Samfur ta Amurka (CPSC), Health Canada, Ofishin Burtaniya don Kare Samfur da Ka'idoji (OPSS), da ** Gasar Australiya da Hukumar Kula da Masu Ciniki (ACCC), ba a kulle murfi ba yayin da ba a kulle murfin ba. ko ba da damar murfi ya buɗe yayin da yake ƙarƙashin cikakken matsi.

Lissafin kulawa na rigakafi kafin kowane zaman dafa abinci mai matsa lamba¶

Yin binciken injina na daƙiƙa 30 kafin kulle murfin yana hana kashi 99 na busa kicin:

• ** Rike murfin har zuwa haske mai haske sannan a duba ta cikin bututun iska mai tururi ***: A kan masu dafa abinci da gwangwani, riƙe murfin har zuwa taga ko hasken kicin sannan ku duba kai tsaye ta cikin bututun huɗa don tabbatar da cewa yana da 100 bisa 100 ba tare da busasshen abinci ba ko kuma tsutsotsin kwari.
• ** Cire da wanke Garkuwan Anti-Block na ciki**: A kan masu dafa abinci da yawa na lantarki (kamar tukunyar gaggawa), fitar da ƙaramin hular bakin karfe mai zagaye da ke ƙarƙashin murfin bayan kowane abincin da ya haɗa da wake, shinkafa, ko nama don wanke fim ɗin sitaci mai ɓoye.
• ** Danna Fil ɗin Float Valve sama da ƙasa da yatsan ku ***: Tabbatar cewa ƙaramin fil ɗin ƙarfe yana motsawa sama da ƙasa ba tare da tsayawa ba kuma ƙaramar hular silikinsa a ƙarƙashin murfin tana da ƙarfi a kan tsagi.
• ** Bincika kuma maye gurbin babban zoben Silicon Seling kowane watanni 12 zuwa 18 ***: Bincika gaskat ɗin siliki na babban kewaye don fashe, mikewa, ko gatsewa. Gasket ɗin da aka miƙe na iya busa gefen murfin murfi a ƙarƙashin cikakken matsi, yana fesa ruwan tafasa a kwance a kan mashin. Kada a taɓa yin amfani da gaskats masu maye na ɓangare na uku, kamar yadda ƙuƙƙarfan gasket ɗin da ya wuce gona da iri ya kayar da yanke amincin matsi na gaggawar murfin.
• Mutunta layukan cika ½ da ⅔ MAX da aka saka a cikin tukunyar ciki*: Kada a taɓa cika kowane mai dafa abinci mai ƙarfi da ya wuce ⅔ cike na ruwa da nama, kuma kar a cika ½ cike (ko ⅓ cike don oatmeal/sha'ir) don abincin da ke faɗaɗa ko kumfa.
• Kada a taɓa soya mai da mai a cikin tukunyar gaggawa ta lantarki ko daidaitaccen mai dafa abinci na zama: Madaidaicin dafaffen matsa lamba na mazaunin ana kera su sosai don tururi mai tushen ruwa a digiri 115 zuwa 121 Celsius (240 zuwa 250 Fahrenheit). Dumama mai dafa abinci a ƙarƙashin matsi ya kai 180+ digiri Celsius (356+ Fahrenheit), wanda ke narkar da zoben rufe silicone, yana lalata na'urori masu auna matsi, kuma yana haifar da fashewar fashewar mai mai wuta lokacin da gasket ya kasa. (Masu fryers na cin abinci na kasuwanci suna amfani da ƙarfe mai zafi na musamman da hatimin fluoroelastomer.)

Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi¶

An duba tushe¶

• ** Hukumar Tsaron Samfurin Mabukaci (CPSC, Amurka) ***: Faɗakarwar aminci, tunawa da binciken injiniya, da ƙa'idodin UL 136 / UL 1026 don dafa abinci na murhu na gida da masu dafa abinci da yawa na lantarki.
• ** Cibiyar Kula da Abinci ta Gida da Sashen Aikin Gona (USDA, Amurka) **: * Cikakken Jagora ga Canning Gida (Bulletin Information No. 539), ka'idoji don ma'aunin ma'auni da ma'aunin ma'aunin ma'auni, dokokin sararin samaniya, da hanyoyin kwantar da hankali na dabi'a na wajibi.
• Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Amirka (ABA, Amurka) da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (15 ° C zuwa 20 ° C).
• Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Red Cross da Red Crescent ta Duniya (IFRC), Red Cross ta Amurka, da St John Ambulance (United Kingdom / Ostiraliya) ***: Ka'idodin taimakon farko na tushen shaida don tsananin zafi, cire tufafi a ƙarƙashin ruwa mai gudu, da kuma kula da damuwa na hypovolemic.
• **Health Canada (Kanada) da Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC, Ostiraliya) ***: Tunawa da amincin samfurin mabukaci da gargaɗin haɗari game da gazawar murfi na murfi na lantarki da fashewar fashewar.

Jagora masu alaƙa¶

• Kitchen gobara
• Yana ƙonewa
• Ƙona mai tsanani da zubar da sinadarai
• Godiya da gaggawar biki